Posterior abdominal wall
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Posterior abdominal wall Dr. Zahiri In the name of Go
description
In the name of God. Posterior abdominal wall. Dr. Zahiri. consists of : fasciae, muscles and their vessels and spinal nerves. & several viscera : kidneys , suprarenal (adrenal) glands , pancreas , ureters. lumbar vertebrae. five vertebrae between the rib cage and the pelvis. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
Transcript of Posterior abdominal wall
Posterior abdominal wall
Dr. Zahiri
In the name of God
Dr. Maria Zahiri
consists of: fasciae, muscles and their vessels and spinal nerves.
& several viscera : kidneys, suprarenal (adrenal) glands, pancreas, ureters
Dr. Maria Zahiri
lumbar vertebrae• five vertebrae between the rib cage and the pelvis.• They are the largest segments of the vertebral column The
lumbar vertebrae help support the weight of the body, and permit movement
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•Iliac fossa•Last ribs
Dr. Maria Zahiri
Dr. Maria Zahiri
Muscles:PSOAS MAJOR
• Morphology:is a long fusiform muscle • Location:on the side of the lumbar region of the vertebral column and
brim of the lesser pelvis.• Junction: It joins the iliacus muscle to form the iliopsoas.
In less than 50 percent of human subjects, the psoas major is accompanied by the psoas minor.
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Muscles:
PSOAS MAJOR
• Origion:transverse processes of lumbar
vertebrae I-V.
• Insertionlesser trochanter of the femur.
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Psoas minor
• Origion: the last thoracic and first lumbar vertebrae.
• Insertion:iliopectineal eminence.
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Iliacus
• Origion: iliac fossa on the interior side of
the hip bone
• Insertion:• lesser trochanter of the femur
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Dr. Maria Zahiri
Quadratus lumborum
Origin: from the lower border of the last ribby four small tendons from the apices of the transverse processes of the upper four lumbar vertebraeInsertion:the internal lip of the iliac crest for about 5 cm.,
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diaphragm
• is a dome-shaped musculofibrous septum • separates the thoracic from the abdominal cavity,• Its peripheral part consists of muscular fibers that take origin
from the circumference of the inferior thoracic aperture and converge to be inserted into a central tendon.
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Part Origin • The muscular fibers may be grouped according to their origins into three parts:
• Sternal: two muscular slips from the back of the xiphoid process.
• Costal:The inner surfaces of the cartilages and adjacent portions of the lower six ribs on
either side, interdigitating with the Transversus abdominis.
• Lumbar: Aponeurotic arches, named the lumbocostal arches, and from the lumbar vertebrae
by two pillars or crura.
There are two lumbocostal arches, a medial and a lateral, on either side.
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Crura and central tendon
• At their origins the crura(crus) are tendinous in structure• The retrocrural area is the area behind the crus of the
diaphragm.• The central tendon of the diaphragm is a thin but strong
aponeurosis situated near the center of the vault formed by the muscle
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Diaphragm
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Dr. Maria Zahiri
Blood supply
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Dr. Maria Zahiri
Thoracolumbar fascia (lumbodorsal fascia• Is a deep investing membrane• covers the deep muscles of the back of the trunk• It is made up of three layers, anterior, middle, and posterior.
The anterior layer is the thinnest • The posterior layer is the thickest.• Two spaces are formed between these three layers of the
fascia. • Between the anterior and middle layer lies the quadratus
lumboru muscle. • The erector spinae muscle is enclosed between the middle and
posterior layers.
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The posterior layer to the spines of the lumbar and sacral vertebrae The middle layer is attached medially to the tips of the transverse processes of the
lumbar vertebraeThe anterior layer covers quadratus lumborum
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Dr. Maria Zahiri
Urinary SystemKidneys:
Kidneys are retroperitoneal.Lie against posterior abdominal wall on either side of vertebral column.Generally lie adjacent to upper three lumbar vertebrae.
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Relation of kidney( ant.)
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Relation of kidney( pos.)
Diaphragm
Transversus abdominis
Quadratus lumborum
Psoas major
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lateroconal fascia
Renal fascia or Gerota's fasciaAnt. Layer of renal
fascia(fascia of Toldt)
Pos. Layer of renal fascia(Zuckerkandl's
fascia))
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Dr. Maria Zahiri
kidneySubdivisions:
• Cortex.• Medulla with renal
pyramids• Pelvis• major and minor
calyces (calyx)
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Blood supply of kidney
• Right and left renal arteries:
Right is longer than the left.
• Extrahilar arteries
• Right and left renal veins:
• Left is longer than the right
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Ureter• is a continuation of the pelvis.
• Descends retroperitoneally on the anterior surface of the psoas major.
• Passes anterior to bifurcation of common iliac.
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Blood supply of ureters
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Suprarenal (adrenal) glands:
Lie against posterior abdominal wall on superior poles of kidneys.Arterial supply:
Superior suprarenal arteries:From inferior phrenic artery.
Middle suprarenal artery:From abdominal aorta.
Inferior suprarenal arteries:From renal artery
Dr. Maria Zahiri
Dr. Maria Zahiri
Venous drainage:
Right suprarenal vein to inferior vena cava.Left suprarenal vein to renal vein.
Dr. Maria Zahiri
Dr. Maria Zahiri
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