Possible Triggering Effect of Influenza Vaccination on Psoriasis

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    Possible Triggering Efect o Inuenza Vaccination onPsoriasisAli Tahsin Gunes, Emel Fetil, Sevgi Aarsu, !zlem!zbagcivan, an" #ale $aba%eva

    &e'artment o &ermatolog%, Facult% o (e"icine, &ouz E%lul)niversit%, Inciralt*, ++-. Izmir, Ture%

    /eceive" 00 !ctober 0.1-2 Acce'te" 0+ (arch 0.1

    Aca"emic E"itor3 #4 #eite

    5o'%right 6 0.1 Ali Tahsin Gunes et al4 This is an o'en accessarticle "istribute" un"er the 5reative 5ommons Attribution #icense,7hich 'ermits unrestricte" use, "istribution, an" re'ro"uction in an%

    me"ium, 'rovi"e" the original 7or is 'ro'erl% cite"4

    Abstract

    Psoriasis is a chronic, recurrent, immune8me"iate" inammator%"isease an" it can be 'rovoe" or e9acerbate" b% a variet% o"iferent environmental actors, 'articularl% inections an" "rugs4 Ina""ition, a 'ossible association bet7een vaccination an" the ne7onset an":or e9acerbation o 'soriasis has been re'orte" b% anumber o "iferent authors4 The aim o this stu"% is to investigate

    the efects o inuenza vaccination on 'atients 7ith 'soriasis4 ;ere,7e re'ort the

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    inammator% "isease or "uring its course4 Although a "irect an"causal relationshi' bet7een vaccination an" the are o the "iseasehas not been "etecte" b% an% substantial research stu"ies, these'ublications have given rise to a belie among some clinicians thatvaccination ma% have a triggering efect 1C-B4Psoriasisis one o the 7orl"Ds most re>uent chronic, recurrent, an"inammator% "iseases, afecting aroun" 0 o the 'o'ulation an" ischaracterize" b% er%thematous scal% 'la>ues on the sin B4 It isno7 recognize" as an immune8me"iate" inammator% "isease B4Furthermore, the 'rinci'le 'athogenetic actor is "e

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    !ur observational clinical stu"%evaluate" -+ 'soriasis 'atients7hose "iseases ha" been triggere" ater receiving vaccinations orinuenza4 Patients ha" a histor% o using one o the t7o t%'es oinactivate" inuenza vaccine trivalent t%'es A an" $ =s'lit virion?4Among these, Va9igri' Sano< Pasteur, 7hich containe" three"iferent strains o the inuenza virus A:$risbane:@:0..8 =;1K18?lie strain, A:$risbane:1.:0..8 =;+K08? lie strain, an"$:$risbane:.:0..H8lie strain 7ith some a"Luvants =e4g4, ovalbumin,thimerosal, ormal"eh%"e, an" neom%cin?, 7as use" in +- o the'atients =@41 o the total sam'le?2 Fluari9 Gla9oSmithMline$iologicals, 7hich containe" three "iferent strains o the inuenzavirus A:$risbane:@:0.., IV/81-H =;1K1?, an A:$risbane:1.:0..8lie virus A =;+K0?, an" $:$risbane:.:0..H 7ith some a"Luvants=e4g4, ovalbumin, ormal"eh%"e, an" gentamicin sulate?, 7ere use"

    in @ o the 'atients =0.4@ o the total sam'le?4! the -+ 'atients =0 emale, 1 male?, + =H? ha" mi9e" 'la>uet%'e an" guttate 'soriasis, three o the 'atients =? sufere" rom'almo'lantar 'soriasis, an" another three =? sufere" rom'soriasis on the scal'4 There 7as an e9acerbation o 'ree9isting'soriasis ater vaccination in + =H+4? o them 7hile it 7as the

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    vaccination eNcac% =.?, an" ear concerning the 'soriasis aretriggering efect =1? as maLor concerns 1@B4Substantial a"vances have been achieve" in un"erstan"ing thegenetics an" 'athomechanisms o 'soriasis in recent %ears4 It isconsi"ere" to be a 'rimaril% Th18t%'e "isease characterize" b% Th1c%toines an" a 're"ominance o 5&HO cells in the e'i"ermis an"5&-O cells in the "ermis , B4 5urrentl%, it is recognize" as one othe immune8me"iate" inammator% "iseases B4 Increasingl%,'soriasis is being un"erstoo" as an autoimmune "isease althoughno "eualene, sorbitol,albumin, neom%cin, an" gentam%cin?, 7e cannot i"enti%, 7ithcertaint%, the res'onsible agent or the autoimmune 'henomenaeither the inectious com'onent o the vaccine or the a"Luvant0, +, 01B4 (ost o the re'orte" 'soriasis e9acerbations in theliterature 7ere relate" 7ith inuenza vaccines 7ith a"Luvants,although onl% one 'atient 7ith guttate 'soriasis "escribe" an

    e9acerbation ater 0..@ monovalent ;1K1 vaccine inusion 7ithouta"Luvant 1B4!ver the %ears numerous re'orts have raise" the sus'icion o thesaet% o vaccines in autoimmunit% an" in 'ersons alrea"%"iagnose" 7ith autoimmune con"itions4 $ecause o the 'o'ularit%an" the 7i"es'rea" use o inuenza vaccine, its efects have beene9amine" in man% autoimmune con"itions 0B4 Inuenza vaccinescontain ormol8inactivate", 'uriue 'otential to 'rovoe immune8me"iate"'roblems, trials com'aring the a"verse efects o the t7o t%'es oinuenza vaccines =s'lit virion an" surace antigen? "i" not

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    area as local or generalize" reactions4 #ocal reactions inclu"ingtransient re"ness, in"uration, e"ema, 'ain, an" ecch%moses are notrare an" are usuall% relate" to a nons'eciuest re'orting an% case 7ho

    "escribes 'soriasis onset or are ater ;1K1:seasonal vaccination4The% receive" ee"bac rom "ermatologists concerning 1.'atients 'resenting 7ith a 'soriasis o ne7 onset =? or 7ith a7orsening o 'reviousl% "iagnose" 'soriasis =? 7ithin + monthsollo7ing the 0..@ monovalent ;1K1:seasonal vaccination4 Amongthem, si9 'atients 7ith the ue t%'e 7ith a me"ian onset o H "a%sater vaccination =range C- "a%s?4 Even though "ata or these'atients is available, the "ate coul" not 'rovi"e a reliable estimation

    o the rate o vaccination8relate" reaction because o theuncertainties concerning the actual number o 'soriatic 'atientsun"ergoing vaccination, an un"erestimation o the inci"ence "ue toun"erre'orting, an" un"er"iagnosis4 5onse>uentl%, the authorsclaim that even i it is not a ver% strong efect, inuenza vaccinationis associate" 7ith 'soriasis are 1B4

    !ur stu"% has a number o limitations inclu"ing the lac o a controlgrou' an" ollo78u' evaluations 7hich coul" 'rove causalcorrelation bet7een vaccine an" clinical maniestation4 &es'ite

    these 'otential limitations, our observations ma% 'artiall% su''ortthe a''arent association bet7een inuenza vaccination an" the

    http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2015/258430/#B22http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2015/258430/#B24http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2015/258430/#B16http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2015/258430/#B17http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2015/258430/#B16http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2015/258430/#B17http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2015/258430/#B22http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2015/258430/#B24http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2015/258430/#B16http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2015/258430/#B17http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2015/258430/#B16http://www.hindawi.com/journals/jir/2015/258430/#B17
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    "evelo'ment o 'soriasis4 The act that no other 'rovoing actors7ere oun" in our 'atients 'romotes this relationshi'4

    Although sta'h%lococcal, stre'tococcal, measles, an" varicellavaccines have also been a''lie" 'reviousl% in the treatment o

    'soriasis, an earl% re'ort "escribe" t7o cases o 'soriasis in"uce"b% $5G vaccination an" inuenza vaccination un"er the name oQ'soriasis vaccinalisR 1., 0.B4 Subse>uentl%, e9tremel% rare caseso 'soriasis, 'soriasis8lie guttate eru'tions, an" 'soriaticarthro'ath% have been re'orte" ollo7ing $5G vaccination an" acase o 'soriasis 7as re'orte", as triggere" b% the tetanus8"i'htheria vaccination 11C1-B4 A""itionall%, a case8control stu"%re'orte" rubella vaccination as a ris actor or 'soriatic arthro'ath%1B4 The etiological relationshi' bet7een 'soriasis an" thevaccination remains uncertain4 It 7as claime" that the vaccination

    ma% trigger an e9acerbation o 'soriatic sin lesions itsel2 ho7ever,these vie7s also concur 7ith the 7ell8no7n Moebner 'henomenonthat occurs in 'soriasis, that is, the "evelo'ment o ne7 'la>ues atthe locations o sin inLur% 1B4 /esearchers also in"icate" that the$5G an" tetanus8"i'htheria vaccines, "ue to the m%cobacterial heatshoc 'roteins in the case o the $5G an" "i'htheria to9oi" in thecase o the tetanus8"i'htheria vaccines, in"uce I#8 'ro"uction,7hich, in turn, 'romotes the "evelo'ment o Th1 cells 10C1-B4Previous stu"ies ha" also "emonstrate" a signiuentl%, our "ata suggests that the ;1K1 inuenza vaccines,7hich 7ere use" in the [email protected]. season, have the 'otential to

    trigger "evelo'ment o 'soriasis4 Thereore, it is im'ortant not onl%

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    to no7 the 'rotective 'otential o inuenza vaccines but also toun"erstan" their 'otential to 'rovoe 'soriasis4

    ;o7ever, as 'reviousl% suggeste", although the a"ministration othe inuenza vaccine has been associate" 7ith 'soriasis in some

    'atients, their ver% lo7 inci"ence an" mil" clinical course, combine"7ith the general lac o high level o evi"ence, "o not 7arrant anaban"onment o the immunization 'ractice consi"ering theavorable cost8efectiveness ratio o the vaccine use4 Thereore, 7erecommen" the ollo78u' o such in"ivi"uals an" suggest urtherlarge8size", controlle", an" 7ell8constructe" clinical research stu"iesgoing or7ar", 7hich ma% con

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    1., ''4 [email protected], 0..@4 Vie7 at Publisher Vie7 at GoogleScholar Vie7 at Sco'us

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http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2009.07.008http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Psoriasis%E2%80%94as+an+autoimmune+disease+caused+by+molecular+mimicry&author=H.+Valdimarsson&author=R.+H.+Thorleifsdottir&author=S.+L.+Sigurdardottir&author=J.+E.+Gudjonsson&author=A.+Johnston&publication_year=2009http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Psoriasis%E2%80%94as+an+autoimmune+disease+caused+by+molecular+mimicry&author=H.+Valdimarsson&author=R.+H.+Thorleifsdottir&author=S.+L.+Sigurdardottir&author=J.+E.+Gudjonsson&author=A.+Johnston&publication_year=2009http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-70349546279&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=41fd3b43ece600789621cc1ff5fef84chttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2007.08.015http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Triggering+psoriasis%3A+the+role+of+infections+and+medications&author=L.+Fry&author=B.+S.+Baker&publication_year=2007http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-36048994573&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=e4bcdb5d3e510c5d54f38d3febeda1dehttp://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-36048994573&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=e4bcdb5d3e510c5d54f38d3febeda1dehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61128-3http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Pathogenesis+and+clinical+features+of+psoriasis&author=C.+E.+Griffiths&author=J.+N.+Barker&publication_year=2007http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34447539622&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=0419189efa6e2e8075693a3f40b1b502http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Psoriasis+vaccinalis%3B+report+of+two+cases%2C+one+following+B.C.G.+vaccination+and+one+following+vaccination+against+influenza&author=W.+Raaschou-Nielsen&publication_year=1955http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/50.3.178http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/50.3.178http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Guttate+psoriasis-like+lesions+following+BCG+vaccination&author=R.+Koca&author=H.+C.+Altinyazar&author=G.+Numano%C4%9Flu&author=M.+%C3%9Cnalacak&publication_year=2004http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-3042681292&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=21d7dfd3809225f7ba050dafa1a4431ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.2340/00015555-0496http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/00015555-0496http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Psoriatic+skin+lesions+induced+by+BCG+vaccination&author=K.+Takayama&author=T.+Satoh&author=M.+Hayashi&author=H.+Yokozeki&publication_year=2008http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-56749122314&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=d3e754e0ad155ada12b317c0187f2da4http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=New-onset+psoriasis+and+psoriatic+arthritis+in+a+patient+treated+with+Bacillus+Calmette-Gu%C3%A9rin+(BCG)+immunotherapy&author=J.+Dudelzak&author=A.+R.+Curtis&author=D.+J.+Sheehan&author=J.+L.+Lesher+Jr.&publication_year=2008http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=New-onset+psoriasis+and+psoriatic+arthritis+in+a+patient+treated+with+Bacillus+Calmette-Gu%C3%A9rin+(BCG)+immunotherapy&author=J.+Dudelzak&author=A.+R.+Curtis&author=D.+J.+Sheehan&author=J.+L.+Lesher+Jr.&publication_year=2008http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-52449112570&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=428c0cac8474095f5a6e4eae3058ee32http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15569527.2012.727936http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Psoriasis+triggered+by+tetanus-diphtheria+vaccination&author=V.+C.+Macias&author=D.+Cunha&publication_year=2013http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Psoriasis+triggered+by+tetanus-diphtheria+vaccination&author=V.+C.+Macias&author=D.+Cunha&publication_year=2013http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84869394485&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=b1c0e1f8789333c11196478d1b94675chttp://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2007.073932http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2007.073932http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Environmental+risk+factors+for+the+development+of+psoriatic+arthritis%3A+results+from+a+case-control+study&author=E.+Pattison&author=B.+J.+Harrison&author=C.+E.+M.+Griffiths&author=A.+J.+Silman&author=I.+N.+Bruce&publication_year=2008http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-42449132893&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=63c1ba84cad756d47ca915cfc1dad201http://dx.doi.org/10.5021/ad.2013.25.4.489http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=New+onset+guttate+psoriasis+following+pandemic+H1N1+influenza+vaccination&author=M.+S.+Shin&author=S.+J.+Kim&author=S.+H.+Kim&author=Y.+G.+Kwak&author=H.-J.+Park&publication_year=2013http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84892145754&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=6694596f5b2b3250f51f021b47cfc48fhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000362808http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000362808http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=National+Survey+of+Psoriasis+flares+after+2009+monovalent+H1N1%2Fseasonal+vaccines&author=E.+Sbidian&author=P.+Eftekahri&author=M.+Viguier&author=et+al.&publication_year=2014http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2009.07.008http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Psoriasis%E2%80%94as+an+autoimmune+disease+caused+by+molecular+mimicry&author=H.+Valdimarsson&author=R.+H.+Thorleifsdottir&author=S.+L.+Sigurdardottir&author=J.+E.+Gudjonsson&author=A.+Johnston&publication_year=2009http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Psoriasis%E2%80%94as+an+autoimmune+disease+caused+by+molecular+mimicry&author=H.+Valdimarsson&author=R.+H.+Thorleifsdottir&author=S.+L.+Sigurdardottir&author=J.+E.+Gudjonsson&author=A.+Johnston&publication_year=2009http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-70349546279&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=41fd3b43ece600789621cc1ff5fef84chttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clindermatol.2007.08.015http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Triggering+psoriasis%3A+the+role+of+infections+and+medications&author=L.+Fry&author=B.+S.+Baker&publication_year=2007http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-36048994573&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=e4bcdb5d3e510c5d54f38d3febeda1dehttp://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-36048994573&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=e4bcdb5d3e510c5d54f38d3febeda1dehttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(07)61128-3http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Pathogenesis+and+clinical+features+of+psoriasis&author=C.+E.+Griffiths&author=J.+N.+Barker&publication_year=2007http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-34447539622&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=0419189efa6e2e8075693a3f40b1b502http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Psoriasis+vaccinalis%3B+report+of+two+cases%2C+one+following+B.C.G.+vaccination+and+one+following+vaccination+against+influenza&author=W.+Raaschou-Nielsen&publication_year=1955http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/50.3.178http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tropej/50.3.178http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Guttate+psoriasis-like+lesions+following+BCG+vaccination&author=R.+Koca&author=H.+C.+Altinyazar&author=G.+Numano%C4%9Flu&author=M.+%C3%9Cnalacak&publication_year=2004http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-3042681292&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=21d7dfd3809225f7ba050dafa1a4431ahttp://dx.doi.org/10.2340/00015555-0496http://dx.doi.org/10.2340/00015555-0496http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Psoriatic+skin+lesions+induced+by+BCG+vaccination&author=K.+Takayama&author=T.+Satoh&author=M.+Hayashi&author=H.+Yokozeki&publication_year=2008http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-56749122314&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=d3e754e0ad155ada12b317c0187f2da4http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=New-onset+psoriasis+and+psoriatic+arthritis+in+a+patient+treated+with+Bacillus+Calmette-Gu%C3%A9rin+(BCG)+immunotherapy&author=J.+Dudelzak&author=A.+R.+Curtis&author=D.+J.+Sheehan&author=J.+L.+Lesher+Jr.&publication_year=2008http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=New-onset+psoriasis+and+psoriatic+arthritis+in+a+patient+treated+with+Bacillus+Calmette-Gu%C3%A9rin+(BCG)+immunotherapy&author=J.+Dudelzak&author=A.+R.+Curtis&author=D.+J.+Sheehan&author=J.+L.+Lesher+Jr.&publication_year=2008http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-52449112570&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=428c0cac8474095f5a6e4eae3058ee32http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/15569527.2012.727936http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Psoriasis+triggered+by+tetanus-diphtheria+vaccination&author=V.+C.+Macias&author=D.+Cunha&publication_year=2013http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Psoriasis+triggered+by+tetanus-diphtheria+vaccination&author=V.+C.+Macias&author=D.+Cunha&publication_year=2013http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84869394485&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=b1c0e1f8789333c11196478d1b94675chttp://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2007.073932http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/ard.2007.073932http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=Environmental+risk+factors+for+the+development+of+psoriatic+arthritis%3A+results+from+a+case-control+study&author=E.+Pattison&author=B.+J.+Harrison&author=C.+E.+M.+Griffiths&author=A.+J.+Silman&author=I.+N.+Bruce&publication_year=2008http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-42449132893&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=63c1ba84cad756d47ca915cfc1dad201http://dx.doi.org/10.5021/ad.2013.25.4.489http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=New+onset+guttate+psoriasis+following+pandemic+H1N1+influenza+vaccination&author=M.+S.+Shin&author=S.+J.+Kim&author=S.+H.+Kim&author=Y.+G.+Kwak&author=H.-J.+Park&publication_year=2013http://www.scopus.com/scopus/inward/record.url?eid=2-s2.0-84892145754&partnerID=K84CvKBR&rel=3.0.0&md5=6694596f5b2b3250f51f021b47cfc48fhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000362808http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000362808http://scholar.google.com/scholar_lookup?title=National+Survey+of+Psoriasis+flares+after+2009+monovalent+H1N1%2Fseasonal+vaccines&author=E.+Sbidian&author=P.+Eftekahri&author=M.+Viguier&author=et+al.&publication_year=2014
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