POSLJEDNJI KARLOVAÈKI THE · PDF fileOZEN, Turska/Turkey, 21: Ovo je prvi put da sam se...

2
Meðunarodni volonterski kamp International Volunteer Camp 4.7.-15.7.2012. trictly speaking, there remains but one out of the original six bastions of SKarlovac fortifications. The throat of the bastion can be reached by Haulik Street and the peak is turned towards the Korana. It was named Corinthian in 1579 and St. Joseph's around 1752. It has been preserved by permanent military use (until the autumn 2010), that is, ownership. The bastion system in Karlovac was partially removed in 20th century, the bastions and curtains being turned into a new building space. The building was most radical during the 20th century period of modernism (3rd and 4th decade); however it had begun even before, in 1896, when a military barracks was built in a moat. However, gradually there was ripening of the consciousness about the importance of historic cores in general and the distinctiveness of Karlovac in particular. Actually, Karlovac is the first realization of the geometrically regular model of town-building that was conceived in Renaissance Italy and is usually referred to as Città ideale. Regular hexagram perimeter and orthogonal layout of streets, squares and blocks of buildings have also been empirically testified during the period of increasingly efficient offensive and defensive artillery. Unfortunately, some recent publications, even "Art history of Croatia" easily and groundlessly give up this primacy to Novy Zamky in Slovakia whose location was, indeed, determined before Karlovac’s but the building of which began later. A study conducted by the Art history institute in Zagreb around Karlovac's 400th anniversary can be considered a milestone in the development of preservation and seeking for a sustainability model. Ever since, it has considerably directed the related activities. However, even this study has caused some dubious solutions that should be mentioned here, as presently the treatment of St. Joseph's bastion is to be considered. This refers to the case of the building of an aged care home on St. Elizabeth's bastion that de facto showed insecurity concerning the treatment of the bastion system. Obviously, in 1979 it was difficult to perceive soft and friable clay structures (the very substance of the bastion) as a cultural monument that is to be passed on to the future generations. On the other hand, there was a radical demand to cleanse the spatial layout of the Star-shaped core so, bravely enough, the demolition of a school in the moat (near Radiæ Street) was proposed. This example was mentioned because in the meantime there were several propositions to treat St. Joseph's bastion the very same way, following the model constituted by St. Elisabeth's bastion. However, since that time many European cities have solved the same problem, that is, how to treat remaining bastion systems. Obviously, the bastions have been integrated as very attractive, mostly recreational, segment of the urban tissue which preserves its historic outlook. It will suffice to mention Zamošæ in Poland and Naarden in the Netherlands. There is an additional attribute of attraction to the St. Joseph's bastion, the last remaining building structure of the type proper to the bastions, the so called "Bosanski magazin" ("Bosnian magazine"), dated by an inscription from 1850 on its transom. It served as an artillery warehouse. A longitudinal magazine is placed upon the main axes of the bastion and thus surrounded by the remnants of the mass of clay. The level of the clay gradually rises up to the second floor level. The ground floor is thus accessible from the front side and the upper floor by the ramp at the back side. It is built in brick and topped by a tall roof. The construction of oak poles and floors is especially interesting in the attic. Although nearby there are some new worthless structures from the second half of the 20th century and some recent addition to the very magazine, there is no substantial (and easily removable) compromising of the space and the historic structures. The most serious threat to the last remaining bastion is its devaluation and "cleansing of its historical memory". Ideological filtration of information, related mostly to the changing political systems in the 20th century, has diverted the public from embracing this and many similar architectural memories of one of the key periods of Croatian but also European history, when Karlovac stood at the border of two great empires. Most assuredly, such attitude influenced already mentioned and narrowly perceived case of St. Elisabeth’s bastion. Therefore, this years' cleaning campaign on the St. Joseph’s bastion is more than a communal practicality. It is also a demand for the right of being present and the right of preserving memories; an important contribution to defining what is permitted, possible and desirable. Although often bitter and unfruitful, the dispute and the exchange of the ideas among the people of Karlovac have never dried up. trogo uzevši, od šest bastiona Karlovaèke zvijezde preostao je jedan. Na Sgrlo ovoga bastiona dolazi se Haulikovom ulicom, okrenut je prema Korani, godine 1579. imenovan je Koruškim, oko 1752. godine sv. Josipa. Oèuvala ga je neprekinuta vojna uporaba (do jeseni 2010.) odnosno vlasništvo. Karlovaèki bastionski sustav djelomièno je ukonjen u 20. stoljeæu, a na bastionima i kurtinama stvoren je novi graðevinski prostor. Izgradnja je bila najradikalnija 20-ih i 30-ih godina, u razdoblju Moderne, no zapoèela je i prije, godine 1896., kada je u šancu sagraðena jedna vojarna. Ipak, postupno je dozrijevala i svijest o važnosti povijesnih jezgri opæenito, kao i saznanje o posebnostima one karlovaèke. Naime, Karlovac je prvo ostvarenje geometrijski pravilnog modela gradogradnje stvorenog u renesansnoj Italiji koji se obièno naziva Città ideale. Pravilni heksagramski obod i pravokutni raster ulica, trgova i blokova takoðer je i prokušani model utvrðivanja u doba sve snažnije napadaèke i obrambene artiljerije. Nažalost, u novije vrijeme neka izdanja, èak i "Povijest umjetnosti u Hrvatskoj" olako i neosnovano prepuštaju to prvenstvo Novyim Zamkyima u Slovaèkoj, èiji položaj je doduše ubiciran prije karlovaèkog, ali je izgradnja zapoèela kasnije. Meðašem u razvoju zaštite i traženja modela održivosti može se smatrati studija koju je o 400-godišnjici Karlovca naèinio Institut za povijest umjetnosti u Zagrebu i koja je znaèajno usmjerila aktivnosti povezane s povijesnom jezgrom. Ipak, i iz ove studije su proizišla neka problematièna rješenja na koja se u ovoj prilici treba osvrnuti buduæi da sada treba promišljati tretman bastiona sv. Josipa. Rijeè je ponajprije o izgradnji staraèkog doma na prostoru bastiona sv. Elizabete pri èemu je de facto iskazana nesigurnost u pogledu postupanja s bastionskim sustavom. Oèito je da 1979. godine nije bilo lako doživjeti meke i prhke zemljane strukture (dakle samo supstancu bastiona), kao spomenik kulture kojeg valja ostaviti u nasljeðe buduæim generacijama. S druge strane, vrlo je radikalno podržano proèišæavanje prostorne dispozicije Zvijezde, pa je istovremeno, vrlo hrabro, predloženo i rušenje škole u šancu blizu Radiæeve ulice. Ovaj primjer je spomenut jer je u meðuvremenu bilo nekoliko prijedloga za istovjetni tretman bastiona sv. Josipa, slijedeæi model uspostavljen na bastionu sv. Elizabete. Ipak, otad su mnogi europski gradovi rješavali isti problem, to jest, kako pristupiti ostacima bastionskog sustava i, bjelodano, bastioni su integrirani kao vrlo atraktivna, mahom rekreacijska, sastavnica gradskog tkiva koja èuva svoj povijesni izgled. Dostajat æe spomenuti Zamošæ u Poljskoj i Naarden u Nizozemskoj. Bastion sv. Josipa ima još i dodatni atribut atraktivnosti: posljednju preostalu povijesnu bastionsku graðevinu, tzv. "Bosanski magazin", kojega datira natpis na nadvratniku iz 1850. godine, a služio je kao artiljerijsko skladište. Dugaèki Magazin položen je na glavnu os bastiona, a okružuju ga ostaci zemljane mase koja se postupno podiže za otprilike jedan kat, stoga se prizemlju pristupa s proèelne strane, a na kat preko rampe na zaèelnoj strani. Zidan je opekom i natkriven visokim krovom. Konstrukcija hrastovih stupova i podova osobito je zanimljiva u potkrovlju. Premda u toj zoni postoje još neke nevažne graðevine iz druge polovice 20. stoljeæa, a i samom Magazinu su prizidani noviji dijelovi, nema bitnog, lako uklonjivog, kompromitiranja prostora i spomenièkih struktura. Najveæa prijetnja zadnjem preostalom bastionu je njegovo obezvreðivanje i "èišæenje od povijesnog sjeæanja". Ideološki filtriranje informacija, povezano najviše s promjenama politièkih sustava u 20. stoljeæu, odvratilo je širu javnost od toga da prigrli ovu i sliène graditeljske uspomene na jedno od kljuènih razdoblja hrvatske, ali i europske povijesti, kada je Karlovac stajao na granici dvaju carstava. To je zacijelo utjecalo i na, u biti, preusko sagledani sluèaj spomenutog bastiona sv. Elizabete. Tako je ovogodišnja akcija èišæenja na bastionu sv. Josipa koliko praktièni komunalni èin, toliko i traženje prava na prisutnost i prava na sjeæanje, te jedan, nimalo beznaèajni, prilog definiranju onoga što je dopušteno, moguæe i poželjno. Premda èesto žuèljiva i ne baš plodonosna, rasprava i razmjena ideja meðu Karlovèanima ionako nikada nije presahla. OSLJEDNJI PKARLOVAÈKI BASTION HE LAST TBASTION OF KARLOVAC Meðunarodni volonterski kamp International Volunteer Camp 4.7.-15.7.2012. Tekst / Text: Igor Èulig Fotografije / Photos: Ivana Franciškoviæ i Zvonimir Gerber 3D model, rendering & compositing: Neven Cetinjanin Grafièki urednik / Graphic editor: Marko Pekiæ, Radar d.o.o. Tisak / Printed by: Tiskara Ivan GRAD KARLOVAC Pokrovitelji volonterskog kampa / Supporters of the volunteer camp: Zahvaljujemo se Kinoklubu Karlovac na suradnji, te centru MUZA na ustupljenom prostoru za boravak volontera. / Special thanks to Cinema Club Karlovac for cooperation and to MUZA centre for accomodating the volunteers. OZEN (24) Odlièno se provodim. Zabavljamo se, smijemo se i kupamo, a takoðer i radimo. I'm having an amazing time. We have fun, we laugh, we swim and we also work. TERESA (22) Ako želimo napraviti štogod dobro, moramo naporno raditi. If we want to make some good things, we must work hard. OSLJEDNJI PKARLOVAÈKI BASTION HE LAST BASTION OF T KARLOVAC OSLJEDNJI PKARLOVAÈKI BASTION HE LAST TBASTION OF KARLOVAC Organizatori volonterskog kampa i izdavaèi / Organizers of the volunteer camp and publishers: Ivana Franciškoviæ (Eko Pan), Nikolina Lisac (TZGK) i Vesna Balta (NUF) Zlatko Uzelac pomoænik ministra kulture RH za kulturnu baštinu / The Assistant Minister of Culture, Cultural Heritage dept. Što se tièe ureðenja bastiona Sv. Josipa, rijeè je o izuzetno važnom projektu jer su karlovaèke fortifikacije meðu najznaèajnijima, ne samo u Hrvatskoj, nego i uopæe. Karlovac do sada nije posveæivao veliku pažnju obnovi fortifikacija, te smo tim više smo spremni podržati projekte obnove. Ministarstvo æe se ukljuèiti i u projekt ureðenja bastiona Sv. Karla te kompletnog prostora izmeðu dva bastiona. As far as the rebuilding of the St. Joseph’s bastion is concerned, it is a project of the utmost importance as the Karlovac’s fortifications are among the most important, not only in Croatia but in the world. So far Karlovac hasn’t shown much concern for the renewing of its fortifications; therefore we are all the more ready to support the renewal project. The ministry will also partake in the renewal of St. Karl’s bastion as well as the entire area in between these two bastions.

Transcript of POSLJEDNJI KARLOVAÈKI THE · PDF fileOZEN, Turska/Turkey, 21: Ovo je prvi put da sam se...

Page 1: POSLJEDNJI KARLOVAÈKI THE · PDF fileOZEN, Turska/Turkey, 21: Ovo je prvi put da sam se pridružio radnom logoru. Odlièno se provodim. Zabavljamo se, smijemo se i kupamo, a takoðer

Meðunarodni volonterski kampInternational Volunteer Camp

4.7.-15.7.2012.

trictly speaking, there remains but one out of the original six bastions of SKarlovac fortifications. The throat of the bastion can be reached by Haulik Street and the peak is turned towards the Korana. It was named Corinthian in 1579 and St. Joseph's around 1752. It has been preserved by permanent military use (until the autumn 2010), that is, ownership.

The bastion system in Karlovac was partially removed in 20th century, the bastions and curtains being turned into a new building space. The building was most radical during the 20th century period of modernism (3rd and 4th decade); however it had begun even before, in 1896, when a military barracks was built in a moat.

However, gradually there was ripening of the consciousness about the importance of historic cores in general and the distinctiveness of Karlovac in particular.

Actually, Karlovac is the first realization of the geometrically regular model of town-building that was conceived in Renaissance Italy and is usually referred to as Città ideale. Regular hexagram perimeter and orthogonal layout of streets, squares and blocks of buildings have also been empirically testified during the period of increasingly efficient offensive and defensive artillery. Unfortunately, some recent publications, even "Art history of Croatia" easily and groundlessly give up this primacy to Novy Zamky in Slovakia whose location was, indeed, determined before Karlovac’s but the building of which began later.

A study conducted by the Art history institute in Zagreb around Karlovac's 400th anniversary can be considered a milestone in the development of preservation and seeking for a sustainability model. Ever since, it has considerably directed the related activities. However, even this study has caused some dubious solutions that should be mentioned here, as presently the treatment of St. Joseph's bastion is to be considered.

This refers to the case of the building of an aged care home on St. Elizabeth's bastion that de facto showed insecurity concerning the treatment of the bastion system. Obviously, in 1979 it was difficult to perceive soft and friable clay structures (the very substance of the bastion) as a cultural monument that is to be passed on to the future generations. On the other hand, there was a radical demand to cleanse the spatial layout of the Star-shaped core so, bravely enough, the demolition of a school in the moat (near Radiæ Street) was proposed.

This example was mentioned because in the meantime there were several propositions to treat St. Joseph's bastion the very same way, following the model constituted by St. Elisabeth's bastion. However, since that time many European cities have solved the same problem, that is, how to treat remaining bastion systems. Obviously, the bastions have been integrated as very attractive, mostly recreational, segment of the urban tissue which preserves its historic outlook. It will suffice to mention Zamošæ in Poland and Naarden in the Netherlands.

There is an additional attribute of attraction to the St. Joseph's bastion, the last remaining building structure of the type proper to the bastions, the so called "Bosanski magazin" ("Bosnian magazine"), dated by an inscription from 1850 on its transom. It served as an artillery warehouse. A longitudinal magazine is placed upon the main axes of the bastion and thus surrounded by the remnants of the mass of clay. The level of the clay gradually rises up to the second floor level. The ground floor is thus accessible from the front side and the upper floor by the ramp at the back side. It is built in brick and topped by a tall roof. The construction of oak poles and floors is especially interesting in the attic.

Although nearby there are some new worthless structures from the second half of the 20th century and some recent addition to the very magazine, there is no substantial (and easily removable) compromising of the space and the historic structures.

The most serious threat to the last remaining bastion is its devaluation and "cleansing of its historical memory". Ideological filtration of information, related mostly to the changing political systems in the 20th century, has diverted the public from embracing this and many similar architectural memories of one of the key periods of Croatian but also European history, when Karlovac stood at the border of two great empires. Most assuredly, such attitude influenced already mentioned and narrowly perceived case of St. Elisabeth’s bastion.

Therefore, this years' cleaning campaign on the St. Joseph’s bastion is more than a communal practicality. It is also a demand for the right of being present and the right of preserving memories; an important contribution to defining what is permitted, possible and desirable. Although often bitter and unfruitful, the dispute and the exchange of the ideas among the people of Karlovac have never dried up.

trogo uzevši, od šest bastiona Karlovaèke zvijezde preostao je jedan. Na Sgrlo ovoga bastiona dolazi se Haulikovom ulicom, okrenut je prema Korani, godine 1579. imenovan je Koruškim, oko 1752. godine sv. Josipa. Oèuvala ga je neprekinuta vojna uporaba (do jeseni 2010.) odnosno vlasništvo.

Karlovaèki bastionski sustav djelomièno je ukonjen u 20. stoljeæu, a na bastionima i kurtinama stvoren je novi graðevinski prostor. Izgradnja je bila najradikalnija 20-ih i 30-ih godina, u razdoblju Moderne, no zapoèela je i prije, godine 1896., kada je u šancu sagraðena jedna vojarna.

Ipak, postupno je dozrijevala i svijest o važnosti povijesnih jezgri opæenito, kao i saznanje o posebnostima one karlovaèke.

Naime, Karlovac je prvo ostvarenje geometrijski pravilnog modela gradogradnje stvorenog u renesansnoj Italiji koji se obièno naziva Città ideale. Pravilni heksagramski obod i pravokutni raster ulica, trgova i blokova takoðer je i prokušani model utvrðivanja u doba sve snažnije napadaèke i obrambene artiljerije. Nažalost, u novije vrijeme neka izdanja, èak i "Povijest umjetnosti u Hrvatskoj" olako i neosnovano prepuštaju to prvenstvo Novyim Zamkyima u Slovaèkoj, èiji položaj je doduše ubiciran prije karlovaèkog, ali je izgradnja zapoèela kasnije.

Meðašem u razvoju zaštite i traženja modela održivosti može se smatrati studija koju je o 400-godišnjici Karlovca naèinio Institut za povijest umjetnosti u Zagrebu i koja je znaèajno usmjerila aktivnosti povezane s povijesnom jezgrom. Ipak, i iz ove studije su proizišla neka problematièna rješenja na koja se u ovoj prilici treba osvrnuti buduæi da sada treba promišljati tretman bastiona sv. Josipa.

Rijeè je ponajprije o izgradnji staraèkog doma na prostoru bastiona sv. Elizabete pri èemu je de facto iskazana nesigurnost u pogledu postupanja s bastionskim sustavom. Oèito je da 1979. godine nije bilo lako doživjeti meke i prhke zemljane strukture (dakle samo supstancu bastiona), kao spomenik kulture kojeg valja ostaviti u nasljeðe buduæim generacijama. S druge strane, vrlo je radikalno podržano proèišæavanje prostorne dispozicije Zvijezde, pa je istovremeno, vrlo hrabro, predloženo i rušenje škole u šancu blizu Radiæeve ulice.

Ovaj primjer je spomenut jer je u meðuvremenu bilo nekoliko prijedloga za istovjetni tretman bastiona sv. Josipa, slijedeæi model uspostavljen na bastionu sv. Elizabete. Ipak, otad su mnogi europski gradovi rješavali isti problem, to jest, kako pristupiti ostacima bastionskog sustava i, bjelodano, bastioni su integrirani kao vrlo atraktivna, mahom rekreacijska, sastavnica gradskog tkiva koja èuva svoj povijesni izgled. Dostajat æe spomenuti Zamošæ u Poljskoj i Naarden u Nizozemskoj.

Bastion sv. Josipa ima još i dodatni atribut atraktivnosti: posljednju preostalu povijesnu bastionsku graðevinu, tzv. "Bosanski magazin", kojega datira natpis na nadvratniku iz 1850. godine, a služio je kao artiljerijsko skladište. Dugaèki Magazin položen je na glavnu os bastiona, a okružuju ga ostaci zemljane mase koja se postupno podiže za otprilike jedan kat, stoga se prizemlju pristupa s proèelne strane, a na kat preko rampe na zaèelnoj strani. Zidan je opekom i natkriven visokim krovom. Konstrukcija hrastovih stupova i podova osobito je zanimljiva u potkrovlju.

Premda u toj zoni postoje još neke nevažne graðevine iz druge polovice 20. stoljeæa, a i samom Magazinu su prizidani noviji dijelovi, nema bitnog, lako uklonjivog, kompromitiranja prostora i spomenièkih struktura.

Najveæa prijetnja zadnjem preostalom bastionu je njegovo obezvreðivanje i "èišæenje od povijesnog sjeæanja". Ideološki filtriranje informacija, povezano najviše s promjenama politièkih sustava u 20. stoljeæu, odvratilo je širu javnost od toga da prigrli ovu i sliène graditeljske uspomene na jedno od kljuènih razdoblja hrvatske, ali i europske povijesti, kada je Karlovac stajao na granici dvaju carstava. To je zacijelo utjecalo i na, u biti, preusko sagledani sluèaj spomenutog bastiona sv. Elizabete.

Tako je ovogodišnja akcija èišæenja na bastionu sv. Josipa koliko praktièni komunalni èin, toliko i traženje prava na prisutnost i prava na sjeæanje, te jedan, nimalo beznaèajni, prilog definiranju onoga što je dopušteno, moguæe i poželjno. Premda èesto žuèljiva i ne baš plodonosna, rasprava i razmjena ideja meðu Karlovèanima ionako nikada nije presahla.

OSLJEDNJIPKARLOVAÈKIBASTION

HE LASTTBASTION OFKARLOVAC

Meðunarodni volonterski kampInternational Volunteer Camp

4.7.-15.7.2012.

Meðunarodni volonterski kampInternational Volunteer Camp

4.7.-15.7.2012.

Meðunarodni volonterski kampInternational Volunteer Camp

4.7.-15.7.2012.

trictly speaking, there remains but one out of the original six bastions of SKarlovac fortifications. The throat of the bastion can be reached by Haulik Street and the peak is turned towards the Korana. It was named Corinthian in 1579 and St. Joseph's around 1752. It has been preserved by permanent military use (until the autumn 2010), that is, ownership.

The bastion system in Karlovac was partially removed in 20th century, the bastions and curtains being turned into a new building space. The building was most radical during the 20th century period of modernism (3rd and 4th decade); however it had begun even before, in 1896, when a military barracks was built in a moat.

However, gradually there was ripening of the consciousness about the importance of historic cores in general and the distinctiveness of Karlovac in particular.

Actually, Karlovac is the first realization of the geometrically regular model of town-building that was conceived in Renaissance Italy and is usually referred to as Città ideale. Regular hexagram perimeter and orthogonal layout of streets, squares and blocks of buildings have also been empirically testified during the period of increasingly efficient offensive and defensive artillery. Unfortunately, some recent publications, even "Art history of Croatia" easily and groundlessly give up this primacy to Novy Zamky in Slovakia whose location was, indeed, determined before Karlovac’s but the building of which began later.

A study conducted by the Art history institute in Zagreb around Karlovac's 400th anniversary can be considered a milestone in the development of preservation and seeking for a sustainability model. Ever since, it has considerably directed the related activities. However, even this study has caused some dubious solutions that should be mentioned here, as presently the treatment of St. Joseph's bastion is to be considered.

This refers to the case of the building of an aged care home on St. Elizabeth's bastion that de facto showed insecurity concerning the treatment of the bastion system. Obviously, in 1979 it was difficult to perceive soft and friable clay structures (the very substance of the bastion) as a cultural monument that is to be passed on to the future generations. On the other hand, there was a radical demand to cleanse the spatial layout of the Star-shaped core so, bravely enough, the demolition of a school in the moat (near Radiæ Street) was proposed.

This example was mentioned because in the meantime there were several propositions to treat St. Joseph's bastion the very same way, following the model constituted by St. Elisabeth's bastion. However, since that time many European cities have solved the same problem, that is, how to treat remaining bastion systems. Obviously, the bastions have been integrated as very attractive, mostly recreational, segment of the urban tissue which preserves its historic outlook. It will suffice to mention Zamošæ in Poland and Naarden in the Netherlands.

There is an additional attribute of attraction to the St. Joseph's bastion, the last remaining building structure of the type proper to the bastions, the so called "Bosanski magazin" ("Bosnian magazine"), dated by an inscription from 1850 on its transom. It served as an artillery warehouse. A longitudinal magazine is placed upon the main axes of the bastion and thus surrounded by the remnants of the mass of clay. The level of the clay gradually rises up to the second floor level. The ground floor is thus accessible from the front side and the upper floor by the ramp at the back side. It is built in brick and topped by a tall roof. The construction of oak poles and floors is especially interesting in the attic.

Although nearby there are some new worthless structures from the second half of the 20th century and some recent addition to the very magazine, there is no substantial (and easily removable) compromising of the space and the historic structures.

The most serious threat to the last remaining bastion is its devaluation and "cleansing of its historical memory". Ideological filtration of information, related mostly to the changing political systems in the 20th century, has diverted the public from embracing this and many similar architectural memories of one of the key periods of Croatian but also European history, when Karlovac stood at the border of two great empires. Most assuredly, such attitude influenced already mentioned and narrowly perceived case of St. Elisabeth’s bastion.

Therefore, this years' cleaning campaign on the St. Joseph’s bastion is more than a communal practicality. It is also a demand for the right of being present and the right of preserving memories; an important contribution to defining what is permitted, possible and desirable. Although often bitter and unfruitful, the dispute and the exchange of the ideas among the people of Karlovac have never dried up.

trogo uzevši, od šest bastiona Karlovaèke zvijezde preostao je jedan. Na Sgrlo ovoga bastiona dolazi se Haulikovom ulicom, okrenut je prema Korani, godine 1579. imenovan je Koruškim, oko 1752. godine sv. Josipa. Oèuvala ga je neprekinuta vojna uporaba (do jeseni 2010.) odnosno vlasništvo.

Karlovaèki bastionski sustav djelomièno je ukonjen u 20. stoljeæu, a na bastionima i kurtinama stvoren je novi graðevinski prostor. Izgradnja je bila najradikalnija 20-ih i 30-ih godina, u razdoblju Moderne, no zapoèela je i prije, godine 1896., kada je u šancu sagraðena jedna vojarna.

Ipak, postupno je dozrijevala i svijest o važnosti povijesnih jezgri opæenito, kao i saznanje o posebnostima one karlovaèke.

Naime, Karlovac je prvo ostvarenje geometrijski pravilnog modela gradogradnje stvorenog u renesansnoj Italiji koji se obièno naziva Città ideale. Pravilni heksagramski obod i pravokutni raster ulica, trgova i blokova takoðer je i prokušani model utvrðivanja u doba sve snažnije napadaèke i obrambene artiljerije. Nažalost, u novije vrijeme neka izdanja, èak i "Povijest umjetnosti u Hrvatskoj" olako i neosnovano prepuštaju to prvenstvo Novyim Zamkyima u Slovaèkoj, èiji položaj je doduše ubiciran prije karlovaèkog, ali je izgradnja zapoèela kasnije.

Meðašem u razvoju zaštite i traženja modela održivosti može se smatrati studija koju je o 400-godišnjici Karlovca naèinio Institut za povijest umjetnosti u Zagrebu i koja je znaèajno usmjerila aktivnosti povezane s povijesnom jezgrom. Ipak, i iz ove studije su proizišla neka problematièna rješenja na koja se u ovoj prilici treba osvrnuti buduæi da sada treba promišljati tretman bastiona sv. Josipa.

Rijeè je ponajprije o izgradnji staraèkog doma na prostoru bastiona sv. Elizabete pri èemu je de facto iskazana nesigurnost u pogledu postupanja s bastionskim sustavom. Oèito je da 1979. godine nije bilo lako doživjeti meke i prhke zemljane strukture (dakle samo supstancu bastiona), kao spomenik kulture kojeg valja ostaviti u nasljeðe buduæim generacijama. S druge strane, vrlo je radikalno podržano proèišæavanje prostorne dispozicije Zvijezde, pa je istovremeno, vrlo hrabro, predloženo i rušenje škole u šancu blizu Radiæeve ulice.

Ovaj primjer je spomenut jer je u meðuvremenu bilo nekoliko prijedloga za istovjetni tretman bastiona sv. Josipa, slijedeæi model uspostavljen na bastionu sv. Elizabete. Ipak, otad su mnogi europski gradovi rješavali isti problem, to jest, kako pristupiti ostacima bastionskog sustava i, bjelodano, bastioni su integrirani kao vrlo atraktivna, mahom rekreacijska, sastavnica gradskog tkiva koja èuva svoj povijesni izgled. Dostajat æe spomenuti Zamošæ u Poljskoj i Naarden u Nizozemskoj.

Bastion sv. Josipa ima još i dodatni atribut atraktivnosti: posljednju preostalu povijesnu bastionsku graðevinu, tzv. "Bosanski magazin", kojega datira natpis na nadvratniku iz 1850. godine, a služio je kao artiljerijsko skladište. Dugaèki Magazin položen je na glavnu os bastiona, a okružuju ga ostaci zemljane mase koja se postupno podiže za otprilike jedan kat, stoga se prizemlju pristupa s proèelne strane, a na kat preko rampe na zaèelnoj strani. Zidan je opekom i natkriven visokim krovom. Konstrukcija hrastovih stupova i podova osobito je zanimljiva u potkrovlju.

Premda u toj zoni postoje još neke nevažne graðevine iz druge polovice 20. stoljeæa, a i samom Magazinu su prizidani noviji dijelovi, nema bitnog, lako uklonjivog, kompromitiranja prostora i spomenièkih struktura.

Najveæa prijetnja zadnjem preostalom bastionu je njegovo obezvreðivanje i "èišæenje od povijesnog sjeæanja". Ideološki filtriranje informacija, povezano najviše s promjenama politièkih sustava u 20. stoljeæu, odvratilo je širu javnost od toga da prigrli ovu i sliène graditeljske uspomene na jedno od kljuènih razdoblja hrvatske, ali i europske povijesti, kada je Karlovac stajao na granici dvaju carstava. To je zacijelo utjecalo i na, u biti, preusko sagledani sluèaj spomenutog bastiona sv. Elizabete.

Tako je ovogodišnja akcija èišæenja na bastionu sv. Josipa koliko praktièni komunalni èin, toliko i traženje prava na prisutnost i prava na sjeæanje, te jedan, nimalo beznaèajni, prilog definiranju onoga što je dopušteno, moguæe i poželjno. Premda èesto žuèljiva i ne baš plodonosna, rasprava i razmjena ideja meðu Karlovèanima ionako nikada nije presahla.

OSLJEDNJIPKARLOVAÈKIBASTION

HE LASTTBASTION OFKARLOVAC

Meðunarodni volonterski kampInternational Volunteer Camp

4.7.-15.7.2012.

Meðunarodni volonterski kampInternational Volunteer Camp

4.7.-15.7.2012.

Tekst / Text:Igor Èulig

Fotografije / Photos:Ivana Franciškoviæ i Zvonimir Gerber

3D model, rendering & compositing:Neven Cetinjanin

Grafièki urednik / Graphic editor:Marko Pekiæ, Radar d.o.o.

Tisak / Printed by:Tiskara Ivan

GRAD KARLOVAC

Pokrovitelji volonterskog kampa / Supporters of the volunteer camp:

Zahvaljujemo se Kinoklubu Karlovac na suradnji, te centru MUZA na ustupljenom prostoru za boravak volontera. / Special thanks to Cinema Club Karlovac for cooperation and to MUZA centre for accomodating the volunteers.

OZEN (24) Odlièno se provodim. Zabavljamo se, smijemo se i kupamo, a takoðer i radimo. I'm having an amazing time. We have fun, we laugh, we swim and we also work.

TERESA (22) Ako želimo napraviti štogod dobro, moramo naporno raditi. If we want to make some good things, we must work hard.

OSLJEDNJIPKARLOVAÈKIBASTION

HE LASTBASTION OFTKARLOVAC

OSLJEDNJIPKARLOVAÈKIBASTION

HE LASTTBASTION OFKARLOVAC

OSLJEDNJIPKARLOVAÈKIBASTION

HE LASTTBASTION OFKARLOVAC

Organizatori volonterskog kampa i izdavaèi / Organizers of the volunteer camp and publishers:

Ivana Franciškoviæ (Eko Pan),Nikolina Lisac (TZGK) i Vesna Balta (NUF)

Zlatko Uzelacpomoænik ministra kulture RH za kulturnu baštinu / The Assistant Minister of Culture, Cultural Heritage dept.

Što se tièe ureðenja bastiona Sv. Josipa, rijeè je o izuzetno važnom projektu jer su karlovaèke fortifikacije meðu najznaèajnijima, ne samo u Hrvatskoj, nego i uopæe. Karlovac do sada nije posveæivao veliku pažnju obnovi fortifikacija, te smo tim više smo spremni podržati projekte obnove. Ministarstvo æe se ukljuèiti i u projekt ureðenja bastiona Sv. Karla te kompletnog prostora izmeðu dva bastiona.

As far as the rebuilding of the St. Joseph’s bastion is concerned, it is a project of the utmost importance as the Karlovac’s fortifications are among the most important, not only in Croatia but in the world. So far Karlovac hasn’t shown much concern for the renewing of its fortifications; therefore we are all the more ready to support the renewal project. The ministry will also partake in the renewal of St. Karl’s bastion as well as the entire area in between these two bastions.

Page 2: POSLJEDNJI KARLOVAÈKI THE · PDF fileOZEN, Turska/Turkey, 21: Ovo je prvi put da sam se pridružio radnom logoru. Odlièno se provodim. Zabavljamo se, smijemo se i kupamo, a takoðer

OZEN, Turska/Turkey, 21: Ovo je prvi put da sam se pridružio radnom logoru. Odlièno se provodim. Zabavljamo se, smijemo se i kupamo, a takoðer i radimo. Karlovac je lijepi grad zbog svojih rijeka i odliènog piva.

ZSOFIA, Maðarska/Hungary, 25: Nadam se da æe jednog dana, kada sve bude ureðeno oko tvrðave, ljudi uživati u tom novom prostoru i muzeju grada.

ANTAL, Maðarska/Hungary, 19: Zadovoljna sam sa smještajem, ljudi su dragi, volim raditi sa njima. Posao je težak no znamo da, ako želimo napraviti štogod dobro, moram naporno raditi.

TERESA, Austrija/Austria, 22: Uživam doprinositi ali takoðer i nauèiti ponešto od lokalne zajednice. Sjajno je što nas je Eko Pan upoznao s nekim lokalnim ljudima. Uživam jer je posao posve razlièit od onog što obièno radim na sveuèilištu. Dobro je za opuštanje i promišljanje.

MARTA, Španjolska/Spain, 21: Mislim da je Karlovac lijepo mjesto u kojem se dobro provodim . Krajolici su lijepi, volim se kupati u rijeci. Naš je zadatak pomalo težak, ali biti æe od koristi.

ALBA, Španjolska/Spain, 21: Ljudi s kojima sam u kampu zanimljivi su i zabavni. Karlovac je lijep grad a posjeæivati rijeke je zabavno. Provoditi ove dane s ljudima iz razlièitih zemalja sjajno je iskustvo.

MAGDALENA, Austrija/Austria, 23: Radni kamp u Karlovcu je odlièno iskustvo koje širi naše obzore. Sjajno je pomagati lokalnu zajednicu i raditi s ljudima iz cijelog svijeta. Zaista nauèiš koliko su zajednica i zajednièki rad važni. Nadam se da æe lokalna zajednica uživati u muzeju i novom prostoru koji stvaramo – premda mi je nekako žao drveæa kojega sijeèemo.

ALEXANDRA, Kanada/Canada, 21: Mislim da su kampovi lijep naèin da se upozna ljude iz cijelog svijeta, da se upozna i pomogne lokalnoj zajednici i stekne drukèije iskustvo. Odlièno se zabavljam u Karlovcu i s grupom s kojom živim! Definitivno dobar project.

STEFAN, Slovaèka/Slovakia, 24: Student sam i odluèio sam se za radni kamp jer bih želio pomoæi lokalnoj zajednici. Izabrao sam Hrvatsku jer želim nauèiti nešto novo o ovoj zemlji i takoðer o Karlovcu.

ANASTASIA, Rusija/Russia, 24: Sudjelujem u Eko Panovom volonterskom projektu jer volim pomagati ljudima a zaista me zanima vidjeti Hrvatsku. Sviða mi se Karlovac. Lijep je to stari grad i uživam pomagati muzeju. Nadam se da æete uživati posjetiti muzej i pogledati naš posao.

astion je obrambeni element, najèešæe položen u ugao utvrda i namijenjen smještaju artiljerije. Tlocrtom je peterokutan, visinom izjednaèen s okolnim bedemima. Dulje, prednje stranice zovu se Bfase a kraæe, stražnje stranice zovu se flanke.

astion is a defensive element, usually placed at the corner of a fortress, designed to accommodate artillery. Pentagonal by layout, it is of the same height as the surrounding Bwalls. Longer, frontal sides are called faces and shorter, rear sides are called flanks.

This is the first time that I've joined a work camp. I'm having an amazing time here. We have fun, we laugh, we swim and also we work. Karlovac is a nice city with its rivers and delicious beer.

I hope that one day when all the work is done around the fortress, people will enjoy this new space and museum of their city.

I am satisfied with accommodations, the guys are nice, I like working with them. The job is hard, but we know that if we want to make some good things, we must work hard.

I enjoy contributing, but also learning something from the local community. It is great that Eko Pan let us meet some locals. I enjoy the work that is completely different from what I usually do at university. It's good to relax and reflect.

I think that Karlovac is a nice place where I am spending good times. There are beautiful landscapes; I love to swim in the river. Our task is a little hard, but it will be of value.

The people who stay in this work camp are interesting and funny. Karlovac is a nice city and going to the river is funny. Sharing these days with people from different countries is a great experience.

This work camp is a great experience that broadens one's horizons. It's great to support local community and to work with people from all over the world. You really learn how important community and working together actually is. I hope the local community will enjoy the museum and a new space we are creating – though I feel sorry for all the trees we are cutting.

I think the camps are a nice way to get to know people from all over the world, to meet and help the community and to live a different experience. I have a great time in Karlovac and the group I'm living with. It's definitely a good project.

I'm a student and I have chosen to join the work camp because I would like to help local community. I choose Croatia because I want to learn something new about this country and also about Karlovac.

I partake in Eko Pan volunteer project because I like to help people and I'm really interested to see Croatia. I like Karlovac. It is nice old city and I enjoy helping the museum. I hope you will enjoy visiting museum and looking at our work.

STEFAN (24) Želim nauèiti nešto novo o Hrvatskoj i takoðer o Karlovcu. I want to learn something new about Croatia and also about Karlovac.

MAGDALENA (23) Sjajno je pomagati lokalnu zajednicu i raditi s ljudima iz cijelog svijeta. It's great to support local community and to work with people from around the world.

10. srpnja / July 10 radionica u Bosanskom magazinu na Bastionu sv. Josipa / workshop in the Bosnian magazine on the St. Joseph's bastion (Stjepan Lonèariæ, dipl.ing.arh. / arch.)