Position, Navigation, and Timing Branch C2D, Battle ... · PDF filePosition, Navigation, and...
Transcript of Position, Navigation, and Timing Branch C2D, Battle ... · PDF filePosition, Navigation, and...
Soldier Navigation Architecture Study
Presented by Van Tran / Gina Guiducci
August 3, 2009
Position, Navigation, and Timing BranchC2D, Battle Command DivisionFort Monmouth, NJ
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Who We Are
Department of Defense (DoD)
Department of the Army (DA)
Army Materiel Command (AMC)
Research, Development and Engineering Command (RDECOM)
Communications-Electronics Research, Development and Engineering Center (CERDEC)
Command and Control Directorate (C2D)
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Introduction
• The Army has a growing need to conduct operations in urban and indoor environments.
• The Communications Electronic Research, Development and Engineering Center's (CERDEC) Command and Control Directorate (C2D) is pursuing several programs to develop positioning capabilities for dismounted Soldier operating in these environments.
Examples:– Militarized 3D Locator (M3DL)
– Radio Frequency Adaptive Technologies Integrated with Communications And Location (RADICAL)
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The following are examples of tactics, techniques and procedures:
• Individual movement techniques.
• Battle drills.
• Weapon positioning in an urban area.
• Roadblock and vehicle search procedures.
• Dismounted and mounted urban navigation.
• Urban scanning techniques.
• Quick fire techniques.
• Assault fire techniques.
• Hasty urban firing positions.
• Prepared urban firing positions.
US Army HQ, Training Circular 90-1, “TRAINING FOR URBAN OPERATIONS”
Typical Military Missions
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Typical Urban Terrains
Subterranean
Shanty
Financial District
Urban Sprawl
High Density Inner City
Heavy Industry
Light Industry
Cultural Center
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M3DL Background
• M3DL builds on the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) * Advanced 3D Locator (A3DL) program
– A3DL addressed firefighters and first responders applications
– M3DL addresses Soldiers operating in urban environments
– M3DL designed for military applications
• Requires replacing commercial subsystems with military subsystems (e.g. GPS, military communications / RF ranging radios)
• Top level architecture is very similar to A3DL* For more information on DHS Location Tracking, Contact, PM, DHS S&T
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A3DL vs M3DL Comparison
Falcom JP14-R /SiRFStar III chipset
Honeywell Baro Altimeter
MicroStrain IMU
Advanced Pedometry algorithms
PowerPC440 Processor (separate chip)
Decentralized Cooperative Navigation (DCN) algorithms
Backpack configuration
* Military GPS Rec’vr
Doppler Veloc-IMU; DRM 4000
Decentralized Cooperative Navigation (DCN) algorithms
* Configuration baseline subject to change / trade studies.
MSSI RF RangingReceiverICI Mobiquiti ad hoc mesh network radio
Military Comms / Ranging Radio
Honeywell Baro Alt OEM Configuration
MicroStrain IMU
A3DL M3DL – Trade Studies *
PowerPC440 Processor (embedded)
*
*
*
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M3DL Technical Baseline Concept
M3DL
(Technical Baseline)
OR
Ranging Radio
IMUDoppler MGPS 1
MGPS 2
M3DLNav CCA
3.5” x 2.5”
M3DLProcessor
CCA3.5” x 2.5”
DRM 4000
Trade Studies
Battery
Ethernet
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Deliverables / Activities
•Deliverables– Monthly Reports– Operation Manual– Interface Design Description– 20 – M3DL Systems– Final Report
•Activities– Kick-off Meeting– Trades Studies– Technical Interchange Meeting– Final Demo
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RF Adaptive Technologies Integrated with Communications And Location (RADICAL)
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RF ADaptive Technologies Integrated with Communications And Location
(RADICAL)Purpose: Develop and demonstrate software that identifies
available spectrum dynamically (RF-aware) for tactical communications and for position location in GPS-degraded environments
Products:• Software module that enables spectrum policy
management for Dynamic Spectrum Access (DSA) enabled radios (e.g. PRC-148/152)
• Architecture to integrate and enhance DARPA Disruption Tolerant Networking (DTN) for future use in Army tactical networks such as WIN-T
• Software for position locating based on Net Assisted Navigation and RF Ranging techniques
Payoff:• Reliable message delivery in disruptive
communications environment• Provide position locating in GPS
degraded environments
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RADICAL Navigation Technologies
Goal:
Develop RF based software modules for integration into soldiers’ radio systems.
- Capable of insertion with a wide variety of soldiers’ radio systems.
- Minimal impact to the hardware configuration of the communications or navigation equipment.
Activities:
- Soldier Navigation Architecture Study (SNAS)
- Network Assisted Navigation Software Development
- RF Ranging Software Development
- Test & Integration Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited
RF Ranging
• Estimate range between soldiers based on the time of flight of the communications packets.
• Active RF Ranging – Require transmit signals designated for ranging – Require more the radio’s resources – More accurate – Better control
• Passive RF Ranging. – Range measurements take advantage of the existing
communication signals passing between radios – Require less resources. – Less accurate– Rigid
• Both methods are being examined for use in the RADICAL application.
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Network Assisted Navigation
• Improve the performance of GPS based navigation systems by providing data via the radio network to the GPS receiver.
• Using radio network to share position and measurement data between nodes to improve the overall position accuracy.
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FY 09 Soldier Navigation Architecture Study (SNAS)
Objective:
- Identify and rank candidate navigation architecture to support the transition of the RADICAL navigation technologies to fielded systems.
- Design a navigation architecture over the Platoon of dismounted Soldiers that satisfies the individual Soldier position performance needs while optimizing the navigation system attributes.
- Identify and address future position capabilities for the Soldier.
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Soldier Navigation Architecture Study Approach
• Perform Investigations – Identify dismounted Soldier navigation needs,
relevant navigation systems operational and physical characteristics, constraints as well as representative operational scenarios.
• Identified system attributes, (e.g., Cost, Power, Performance, Weight, Size, Robustness, …)
– Conduct Technology survey to identify candidate technologies
• Develop Trade Study Methodology – Set weights for system attributes– Establish System Performance Metrics
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Soldier Navigation Architecture Study
Approach (Cont.)• Candidate Architectures
– Develop candidate architectures
– Pare down candidate architectures and contributing technologies for analysis
• Conduct trade
– Include baseline architectures (i.g., current dismounted Soldier system)
– Baseline architectures with RADICAL technologies and other technologies
– Conduct simulation for performance evaluation
– Rank architectures
• Document Trade Study
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System Attributes
• Navigation Error• Cost• Power• Weight• Size• Integrity • Availability• Security• Complexity (Ease of Use)
•••
Attributes space
nRa∈
a1
a3
a4
Attribute 1 (e.g., Cost)
Attr
ibut
e 2
(e.g
., N
avig
atio
n Er
ror)
a2
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Weighting Attributes
• System parametric constraints
• System threshold values
• System goal values
Attribute Measure of Performance Examples
• Low Cost / High Cost
• Small Size / Large Size
• Low Error / High Error
Max
imal
Con
stra
int
Thre
shol
d Va
lue
Goa
l Val
ue
G
T
M
f(a)(Sys
tem
Effe
ctiv
enes
s)-1
Hig
hly
Effe
ctiv
e
In
effe
ctiv
e
Attribute (Measure of Performance)
Ideal
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RADICAL Progress and Way Ahead
• Progress
– Met with users and Program Managers of fielded systems for technology transition
– Interviewed dismounted Soldiers on system attributes and operational scenarios
– Reviewed system specification and capability development document
• Next steps
– Interim Soldier Navigation Architecture Study Report
– Broad Agency Announcement (BAA) for RADICAL navigation technologies (Sept/Oct 2009)
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