Ports as a place

Logistic II “A”Date: January/18/2016

Laura AndradeDavid CotoDavid CoxArianna EspinozaNicole GarcíaHelanny RendónCarolina Vélez

• LecturerMr Max GalarzaGrade: 10

History› Guangzhou  - Qin Dynasty (221 – 206 B.C.)› Canopus - Egypt Alexandria.› Athens' port of Piraeus (6th – 5th century BC)› Lothal ancient Indus valley civilisation (3700 BC)› Ostia Antica was the port of ancient Rome (113 BC)

Modern history› Hudson River (New York – New Jersey)› 1921 created the Port of New York Authority› 1922  Port Newark› 1962 Elizabeth-Port Authority Marine Terminal -

world's first container port› 1985 the busiest container port in the world

A port (or seaport) is a place at which the transfer of cargo and passengers to and from waterways and shores occurs.The transfers are made to and from vessels.

Port is a place equipped to facilitate the necessary relation between ships and the land.

Talley, Port Economics.

Robinson, “Maritime Policy & Management.”

› Cargo port (handling only the transfer of cargo)› Passenger port (handling only the transfer of

passengers)› Combination cargo/passenger port (handling the transfer

of both cargo and passengers).

Importance of ports› According International Chamber of Shipping

(2012), about 90% of world trade is carried by sea.› Allow connectivity between maritime and terrestrial

areas.› Facilitates the relationship between the country and

their business partners.

Disadvantages› Some ports have shallow waters where ships

converge thereby making them vulnerable to maritime accidents.

› Ports are places where costly delays can occur, cargo could be damaged.

Structure

Facilitate access to different vessels, and maneuverAccess to the main and side channel.

Maritime Zone

Composed by some docks (according to the type of goods)Facilitate berthing and mooring of vessels.

Land Zone

Allow access, traffic, parking and operation of land transport, and storage of godos (imports or exports).Customs services

Shuttle land modes.

Types of ports

Built on sea location (most along coastline).Receive small and large vessels.Have special facilities (warehouse, restaurants)

Seaports

Built on smaller water bodies (rivers or lakes).Access to the sea with a canal system.Not able to allow deep draft ship traffic.

Inland Ports

• Water does not freeze during the frosty winters.

• Examples:• Japan’s Kushiro• Vostochny Port

(Russia

Warm Ports

Types of ports: Use

Engaged to the management of goods or passengers (international/national maritime traffic).Receive: cabotage vessels and height.

To business

Engaged in the handling goods related to industries established in the port area

Industrials

Engaged to handle boats and specific products of fishery industry.

Fishing

Type of port: Use

Engaged to the management of goods or passengers (international/national maritime traffic).Receive: cabotage vessels and height.

Tourist

Engaged in the handling goods related to industries established in the port area

Military

RefugeA place where a ship in need of assistance can take action to stabilise its condition, reduce the hazard to navigation, protect human life and the environment.A situation for use of refuge:› In case the safety of life on distressed ship is not in

jeopardy but the vessel has been damaged and cannot be left in its current location without causing further damage.

Difference between Ports and Terminals

› Ports are strategic geographical locations which are situated at the edge of ocean, seas, rivers, or lakes. These locations are then developed to inculcate facilities for loading and unloading of cargo ships.

› Terminal is the set of facilities at a port where loading and unloading of cargo/container takes place. Some of the most common types of terminals are container terminal, bulk cargo terminal, LNG terminal etc.

Sources

CILTEC. (2012). Puertos marítimos | Trade and Logistics Innovaction Center. Retrieved January 16, 2016, from http://www.ciltec.com.mx/es/infraestructura-logistica/puertos-maritimos

DGPM. (n.d.). Definición y clasificación de puertos. Retrieved from http://www.puertoensenada.com.mx/upl/sec/Capitulo_02_Definicion_y_Clasificacion.pdf

Robinson, R. (2010). Maritime policy & Management. Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03088830210132623

Rúa, C. (2006). Los puertos en el transporte marítimo. Retrieved from https://upcommons.upc.edu/bitstream/handle/2117/289/8.%20Rua.pdf?sequence=1

Talley, W. (2009). Port Economics. Retrieved from http://www.univpgri-palembang.ac.id/perpus-fkip/Perpustakaan/Geography/Geografi%20manusia/Ekonomi%20Pelabuhan.pdf