Portonovo Project
description
Transcript of Portonovo Project
The chemical monitoring of organic pollutants using passive samplers within the framework of the PORTONOVO project (water quality in
harbours of the Atlantic area)
Marie-Hélène Dévier1, Nathalie Tapie1, Angel Belles1, Karyn Le Menach1, Maria Gonzalez-Rey2, Maria Bebianno2, Beatriz Echavarri Erasun3, José Antonio
Juanes de la Peña3, Hélène Budzinski1
1 EPOC (UMR 5805), LPTC, CNRS, University of Bordeaux 1, Talence, France;
2 IH Cantabria, University of Cantabria, 39005 Santander, Spain
3 CIMA, University of Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
Portonovo Portonovo ProjectProjectwww.portonovoproject.or
g
Atlantic Area Programme 2007 – 2013 : Interreg project PORTONOVOPriority 2 - Marine Environment & Renewable EnergiesFinancing: 1 800 000 € (60% ERDF)
PORTONOVO (Nov. 2009 – Feb. 2012):
to standardize a methodology for the water quality management in port areas all over along the Atlantic Area
Installation of a common tool allowing a sustainable management of harbour waters ("Decision Supporting System", DSS)
Economic development
Hydromorphological changes
"Good ecological potential"
"Good chemical status"
Ports Water Framework Directive (WFD)
Heavily modifie
d
water bodies
(HMWB)
What has to be protected? What does it have to be protected from? How can it be protected?
"Good ecological status"
"Good chemical status"
Lead partner: University of Cantabria (Santander, Spain) José A. Juanes de la Peña, Environmental Hydraulics Institute "IH Cantabria"
11 partners + 12 associated partners: - Spain: 3 partners (plus 2 associated partners) - France: 3 (+5) - Portugal: 3 (+3) - United Kingdom: 2 (+2)
Partners of the project
Ports associated to the project
Belfast
Cherbourg
Falmouth
BordeauxSantander
Portimao
Aveiro
Huelva
very different hydromorphological et socio-economical characteristics
Interconnected activities
EPOC mainly involved in activity 6, but also in activity 7
3) Establishment of management zonesActivities ERA & Indicators - Monitoring
1) Identification of HMWB zones
Salinity <30 ‰ <30 ‰ >30 ‰ >30 ‰Renewal rate Low (> 7days) High (≤ 7 days) Low (> 7days) High (≤ 7 days)
Type T1 T2 C1 C2
Coastal watersTransitional watersHMWB types:
Act. 3 – Governance: Cherbourg Urban Community - CUC (FR)
2) Division in relation to the water renewal rate
Act. 5 – Environmental modelling: Instituto Superior Técnico - IST (PT)
Act. 4 - Environmental Risk Assessment: IH Cantabria (SP)
48% 52%
Methodology to identify and characterise environnemental hazards in port areas (point and diffuse sources)
ECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL CHEMICAL STATUS
Biological indicators
Physico-chemical indicators
Invertebrates
Chlorophyll a
Macroalgaes
Angiosperm
General conditions
Specific pollutants
Water
Transparency
Oxygenation
Nutrients
Total Hydrocarbons
Other pollutants (water basin district)
Specific pollutants
Sediment
Organic conditions
Chemical conditions
Bioassays
Biomarkers
Priority substances
Annex X WFD/ Member state
Water Sediment Biota
Environm.qualitystandards (EQS)
Passive samplers
Other pollutants (water basin district)
EQS EQS
Bioaccumulation
ValvometryHFNI
Phytoplancton
Fish
ECOLOGICAL POTENTIAL CHEMICAL STATUS
Biological indicators
Physico-chemical indicators
Invertebrates
Chlorophyll a
Macroalgaes
Angiosperm
General conditions
Specific pollutants
Water
Transparency
Oxygenation
Nutrients
Total Hydrocarbons
Other pollutants (water basin district)
Specific pollutants
Sediment
Organic conditions
Chemical conditions
Bioassays
Biomarkers
Priority substances
Annex X WFD/ Member state
Water Sediment Biota
Environm.qualitystandards (EQS)
Passive samplers
Other pollutants (water basin district)
EQS EQS
Bioaccumulation
ValvometryHFNI
Phytoplancton
Fish
Act. 6: Indicators and environmental monitoring: AZTI Tecnalia (SP)
Which ones ?Support of new tools and
of relevant indicators
Methodology for the evaluation of the water quality in port areas
Installation of a tool allowing for the processing, storage and interchange of all information related with water quality under a decision making perspective
Validation of the methodology and DSS through case studies application
Act. 7 - Decision Supporting System (DSS): Falmouth Harbour Commissioners (UK)
Passive sampling as complementary approach relevant to the chemical monitoring
- Time-integrated average (TWA) concentrations and episodic events
- Quantification of extremely low pollution levels in water, undetected using conventional spot sampling
- Simplified logistics which permits to increase the number of sampling sites and the frequency of monitoring (as well as simplification of analyses)
Time
Co
nce
ntr
atio
n
From spot sampling(snapshot concentration) …
… To integrative sampling(time-weighted average concentration)
Time
Co
nce
ntr
atio
n
From spot sampling(snapshot concentration) …
… To integrative sampling(time-weighted average concentration)
Passive samplers
SPMD Semi Permeable Membrane Device
hydrophobic organic compounds
POCISPolar Organic Chemical Integrative Sampler
hydrophilic organic compounds
Silicone strips
hydrophobic organic compounds
Port of Bordeaux: Gironde estuary (France)6 port terminals along 100 km
Pauillac
Bordeaux
Le Verdon
Blaye
Ambes
Bassens
Pauillac
Bordeaux
Le Verdon
Blaye
Ambes
Bassens
• POCIS PRC (Performance Reference Compounds)• 49 Pesticides + 21 Pharmaceuticals • Continuous since April 2010 (Bordeaux) or summer/winter (Pauillac)
Fungicides 5Insecticides 4Herbicides 28Pesticides metabolites 12NSAIDs 7Antidepressants 4Anxiolytics 4Bronchodilatators 4Antilipemiant 1Alkaloid 1
Variable and diluted environment making the chemical quality assessment very difficult (complex transferts, tidal dynamics, particulate load...)
Passive sampling
Most frequently detected compounds in Bordeaux (annual mean)
Pesticides
(frequency = 100% & max. concentrations > 10 ng/L)
Pharmaceuticals
(frequency = 90% & max concentrations > 2 ng/L)
Minority pesticides: 5% Except caffein and theophylline > 50%
Ibuprofen8%Paracetamol
41%
Aspirin25%
Others (minor.)
Naproxen5%
Gemfibrozil1%
Ketoprofen6%
Carbamazepine7%
Nordiazepam
Diclofenac6%
Metolachlor ESA42%
Metolachlor OA11%
S-Metolachlor26%
Triazines & metabo.
8%
Chlorotoluron1%
Diuron2%
Thiamethoxam4%
Propiconazole1%
Carbetamide1%
Carbendazim2%Imidacloprid
2%
0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700
800
Apr-10 May-10 Jun-10 Jul-10 Aug-10 Sep-10 Oct-10 Nov-10 Dec-10 Jan-11 Feb-11
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n i
n n
g/L
Metolachlor OA
Metolachlor ESA
Metolachlor
Seasonal variations of levels S-metolachor and its metabolites (Bordeaux)
Most frequently detected compounds in Bordeaux (annual mean)
Pesticides
(frequency = 100% & max. concentrations > 10 ng/L)
Pharmaceuticals
(frequency = 90% & max concentrations > 2 ng/L)
Minority pesticides: 5% Except caffein and theophylline > 50%
Ibuprofen8%Paracetamol
41%
Aspirin25%
Others (minor.)
Naproxen5%
Gemfibrozil1%
Ketoprofen6%
Carbamazepine7%
Nordiazepam
Diclofenac6%
Metolachlor ESA42%
Metolachlor OA11%
S-Metolachlor26%
Triazines & metabo.
8%
Chlorotoluron1%
Diuron2%
Thiamethoxam4%
Propiconazole1%
Carbetamide1%
Carbendazim2%Imidacloprid
2%
Detection of very low concentration levels (POCIS)
Effects of these chemical coktails on aquatic organisms ?
PesticidesConcentration
(ng/L)Pharmaceuticals
Concentration (ng/L)
Irgarol 1.43 Gemfibrozil 3.20Linuron 0.37 Bromazepam 0.86Terbutryn 1.64 Fluoxetine 1.26Promethryn 0.46 Alprazolam 0.86Terbutylazine 1.12 Diazepam 0.57Propazine 0.14 Amitriptiline 0.56Ametryn 0.13Nicosulfuron 0.68 Bordeaux, August 2010Hexazinone 0.89Chlorotoluron 1.35Isoproturon 0.73134-dichlorodiphenylurea 1.07Metsulfuron-methyl 0.13Carbofuran 0.14Flazasulfuron 0.10Prosulfuron 0.17Methiocarb 0.03Azoxystrobin 1.37Flusilazole 1.15Diflufenican 0.53Fluazifop-p-butyl 0.03
(Minority compounds only)
Port of Portimao (Portugal)
WWTP
port authority buildings
Marina de Boca do Rio
Arade River
PAB MBR
In collaboration with the University of Algarve
0
10
20
30
40
50
Triaz.&
met
abo.
Imid
aclo
prid
Carben
dazim
DMST
Terbut
hrin
Diuro
n
Irgar
ol
DMSA
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n (
ng
/L)
MBR Aug. MBR Sept. MBR Oct.
PAB Aug. PAB Sept. PAB Oct.
PAB
MBR
Main pesticides detected in POCIS during 3 months
Also used as antifoulants (DMSA: dichlofluanid
metabolite)
Pharmaceuticals (POCIS): carbamazepine, paracetamol, ibuprofen, diclofenac, naproxen, gemfibrozil (1 - 100 ng/L), diazepam, nordiazepam, alprazolam, amitriptyline (0.1 - 1 ng/L) + caffein, theophylline (~70-80%)
Port of SantanderIn collaboration with IH Cantabria
POCIS
SPMD
Silicone strips
Analyses in progress
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
Atrazin
e
Atrazin
e-2-
hydr
oxy
Terbu
thyla
zine
S-Met
olach
lor
Met
olach
lor O
A
Met
olach
lor E
SA
DMST
Terbu
thrin
Diuro
n
Irgar
ol
DMSA
Co
nc
en
tra
tio
n (
ng
/L) POCIS nylon
POCIS PES
Main pesticides detected in POCIS (1 month)
PAHs in SPMD (1 month)
[PAH] in ng/LSPMD
(CV<7%)
Filtered surface water
(03/02/2011)
Filtered surface water
(24/02/2011)Naphthalene <3 2.7 4.2Acenaphthylene 0.24 nd 0.5Acenaphthene 0.47 0.5 0.8Fluorene 1.02 0.6 1.2Dibenzothiophene <0.1 0.7 0.6Phenanthrene 1.69 1.9 3.9Anthracene 0.12 0.1 0.2Fluoranthene 1.64 1.3 4.4Pyrene 0.90 0.9 2.5Benzo(a)anthracene 0.12 0.5 0.2Triphenylene + Chrysene 0.33 1.0 0.92,1-Benzonaphtothiophene 0.07 0.3 0.2Benzo(b)fluoranthene + Benzo(k)fluoranthene + Benzo(j)fluoranthene
0.92 nd nd
Benzo(e)pyrene 0.33 nd ndBenzo(a)pyrene 0.21 nd ndPerylene <0.1 nd ndIndeno(123-cd)pyrene 0.14 nd ndDibenzo(ah)anthracene + Dibenzo(ac)anthracene
<0.1 nd nd
Benzo(ghi)perylene 0.12 nd ndTotal PAHs 8.30 10 20
Proposed revised EQS probably by far lower than actually
CONCLUSION
Portonovo objective:
Installation of a Decision Supporting System (DSS) for the balanced management of activities in harbour waters as well as a monitoring of the environmental quality in harbours along the Atlantic Area
www.portonovoproject.org
Passive sampling as complementary approach in the WFD:
Confirmed interest of passive samplers for the chemical monitoring in the context of the WFD (other than logistics ...):
Determination of TWA concentrations (although freely-dissolved conc.) Detection of numerous pesticides and pharmaceuticals in port waters Detection of pollutants undetected using conventional spot sampling (< 0.1 ng/L) Detection of WFD priority pollutants (atrazine, simazine, diuron, isoproturon, PAHs) and some other pollutants, notably those included in the ongoing review of the WFD priority pollutants (irgarol, terbutryn, ibuprofen, diclofenac)
Thank you for your attention!
www.portonovoproject.org