Port Vila Urban Development Project: Septage … · The percolation pond downstream of the lagoons...

Environmental Management Plan November 2015

VAN: Port Vila Urban Development Project

SEPTAGE TREATMENT PLANT (STP)

Prepared by Ministry of Infrastructure and Public Utilities (MIPU), Government of Vanuatu Bank

for the Asian Development Bank.

This environmental management plan is a document of the borrower. The views expressed

herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff,

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of any territory or area.

GOVERNMENT OF VANUATU

PORT VILA URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

FINAL DRAFT

REPORT NUMBER: 18

Asian Development Bank Loan No.2832-VAN (SF)/G0275-VAN/G0276-

VAN

SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

FOR

SEPTAGE TREATMENT PLANT (STP)

November 2015

Specific Environmental Management Plan – Septage Treatment Plant

Port Vila Urban Development Project Contract No: 42391

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NAME OF PROJECT PORT VILA URBAN DEVELOPMENT PROJECT

REPORT TITLE SITE SPECIFIC ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN

REPORT FOR PORT VILA SEPTAGE TREATMENT PLANT

CONTRACT REFERENCE VAN005

DATE 04 NOVEMBER 2015

Notice

This report has been:

Prepared By: Vanuatu Project Management Unit (VPMU) Prepared For: Ministry of Finance Economic Management (MFEM) – the Executing

Agency – (EA). Ministry of Infrastructure Public Utilities (MIPU) – a key Implementing

Agency – (IA). Public Works Department (PWD) – a key Implementing Agency – (IA). Department of Environmental Protection Conservation (DEPC) – a key

Implementing Agency – (IA).

The specific purpose of the Site Specific Environment Management Plan (SEMP) is a report to

describe the process for establishing the environmental impacts and outcomes for the Port Vila

Septage Treatment Plant (STP).

This report may not be used by any person other than by the MFEM’s express permission. In any

event MFEM accepts no liability for any costs, liabilities or losses arising as a result of the use of or

reliance up the contents of this report by any person other than the MFEM and the project donor

agencies, the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and Department of Foreign Affairs & Trade –

Australian Government (DFAT).

CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS

(as of 02 October 2015)

Currency Unit Vanuatu Vatu (Vt)

USD $1.00 = Vatu $107.5

Vatu 100 = USD $.0.93

WEIGHTS and MEASURES

Metric system except for land areas (1 acre = 0.4 hectares)



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Table of Contents

1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .......................................................................................... 7 1.1 Background 7 1.2 Categorization 7 1.3 Project Description and Scope 7 1.4 Operation and Maintenance 8 1.5 Environmental Impacts 9 1.6 Environmental Benefits 9 1.7 Environmental Management Plan 10 1.8 Implementation Arrangements 10 1.9 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework 11 1.10 Conclusion and Recommendations 11 1.11 Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation 11 1.12 Grievance Redress Mechanism 11

2.0 BACKGROUND ...................................................................................................... 13 2.1 Legislation 13

3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION - SEPTAGE TREATMENT PLANT (STP) ................... 15 3.1 Introduction of land use at STP (Bouffa Landfill Site). 15 3.2 Current Environment at STP (Bouffa Landfill Site). 17 3.3 Construction Activities (Scope of Works) for the STP (Bouffa Landfill Site). 18 3.4 Operation and Maintenance 21

4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES ............................ 23 4.1 Introduction - Screening of Potential Impacts 23 4.2 Environmental Risk Management Framework (RMF) 23 4.3 General Impact Assessment 23 4.4 Hazardous Material and Waste Disposal 24 4.5 Air Quality 25 4.6 Noise Levels 26 4.7 Water Quality 26 4.8 Construction Material and Spoil Waste Management 27 4.9 Safety Issues 29 4.10 Construction Site 30

5.0 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATIONS, AND PARTICIPATION ....... 32 5.1 Provincial and Community Level Consultations 32 5.2 National Government Level Consultations for the STP 33 5.3 Project Disclosure 33 5.4 Project Communication Plan 34

6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) ................................................ 35



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6.1 Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) 37 6.2 Environmental Management Plan: Table 1 - EMP Mitigation Table (EmiT) 40 6.3 Environmental Management Plan: Table 2 - EMP Monitoring Table (EMoT) 53 6.4 Reporting 59

6.4.1 Construction Period Environmental Monitoring Report 59 6.4.2 Operating Period Annual Environmental Monitoring Report 59 6.4.3 Contractor Monthly Monitoring Reports 59 6.4.4 Construction Completion Report 59

7.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ....................................................... 60

8.0 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................ 61

9.0 ANNEXES ............................................................................................................... 62 Annex 1: PVUDP proposed Septage Treatment Plan for the Bouffa landfill Site

Resettlement Plan (PVUDP Document Number 38). REFER TO SEPARATE VOLUME 63 Annex 2: PVUDP Septage Treatment Options Study and Final Design Report (PVUDP

Document Number 5. REFER TO SEPARATE VOLUME 64 ANNEX 3: STP Rapid Environment Assessment (REA) – Sewage Treatment Checklist. 65 ANNEX 4: Threat Criteria and Consequence Scales STP Risk Management Framework. 68 ANNEX 4a: PVUDP First Public Disclosure & Consultation Attendance Sheet and

Summary Minutes – Bouffa STP. 80 ANNEX 4b: PVUDP Second Public Disclosure & Consultation Attendance Sheet – Bouffa

STP. 83 ANNEX 4c: PVUDP Second Public Disclosure & Consultation Summary Meeting Notes –

Bouffa STP. 85 ANNEX 4d. List of National Stakeholder Consulted 2011 – 2014. 87

List of Figures: Figure 1: Location of the Bouffa Land fill site in relation to Port Vila. Figure 2: Location of the STP within the Bouffa landfill site. Figure 3: Proposed Site Layout of the STP. Figure 4: General Grievance Mechanism Flow Chart for the PVUDP.

List of Tables: Table 1: Environmental Management Plan Mitigation Table (EMiT) Table 2: Environmental Management Plan Monitoring Table (EMiT)



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Abbreviations

ADB Asian Development Bank

CEMP Construction Environmental Management Plan

CEWP Construction Environmental Work Plan

CGPS Community Gender Participation Specialist

CLO Community Liaison Officer

DEPC Department of Environment Protection and Conservation

DFAT Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade – Australian Government

DSCD Design Supervision Capacity Development

EA Executing Agency

EHSG Environmental, Health Safety Guidelines

EIA Environmental Impact Assessment

EMCA Environmental Management Conservation Act

EMMP Environmental Management and Monitoring Plan

EMP Environmental Management Plan

ESO Environment and Safety Officer

ERLI Environmental Risk and Likely Impact

ERMF Environmental Risk Management Framework

GoV Government of Vanuatu

GRM Grievance Redress Mechanism

H&SE Health, Safety and Environment

HSP Health and Safety Plan

IA Implementing Agency

IEE Initial Environmental Examination

IP Indigenous People

IR Involuntary Resettlement

JICA Japanese International Cooperation Agency

Km Kilometres

M Metres

MFEM Ministry of Finance Economic Management

MIPU Ministry of Infrastructure and Public Lands

MOU Memorandum of Understanding

MSMP Materials and Spoil Management Plan

NES National Environmental Specialist

NGO Non-Government Organisation



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OH&S Occupational Health and Safety

PEA Preliminary Environmental Assessment

PPE Personal Protective Equipment

PRL Primary Risk Level

PVMC Port Vila Municipal Council

PVUDP Port Vila Urban Development Project

PWD Public Works Department

REA Rapid Environmental Assessment

RMF Risk Management Framework

SEMP Specific Environmental Management Plan

SHP Shefa Provincial Council

SPC Shefa Provincial Council

SPS Safeguard Policy Statement

SRL Secondary Risk Level

STP Septage Treatment Plant

VPMU Vanuatu Project Management Unit

WB World Bank



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1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

1.1 Background

1. The Asian Development Bank (ADB) using Australian Aid (DFAT) funds are assisting the Government of Vanuatu (GoV) to improve urban infrastructure and services in Port Vila urban area and the peri-urban areas. The objectives of the Port Vila Urban Development Project (PVUDP) includes:

Improvement to the Road Network and associated infrastructure such as footpaths, street lighting and signage boards;

Improvement of the drainage system; Construction of a Sludge Treatment Plant (STP);

Construction of new multi-purpose multi-user sanitation facilities; and refurbishment of existing public sanitation facilities;

Building hygiene awareness program among communities within the greater Port Vila Urban area;

Capacity development for the Government Agencies to handle Project Management in roads, drainage and sanitation; and

Prepare regulations for the collection and treating of septic tanks sludge.

2. The overall PVUDP will cover improvements to 22 km of roads, 25 km of improved drainage including sediment and pollutants traps at strategic points handling flood prone areas, the construction of a Septage Treatment Plant (STP) including a sludge collection and disposal system/s, refurbishment of existing public and communal sanitation facilities, and provide hygiene and health education to the community.

3. This report details the environmental assessment and potential environmental impacts that may result from the proposed improvements and rehabilitation of the Port Vila existing STP and provides a detailed Environmental Management Plan (EMP) that outlines specific actions for preconstruction, construction and operation components of the project that will be required to be delivered to ensure minimal environmental impacts will arise from the project.

4. The Port Vila community in general has a need to improve the ability to hygienically and effectively dispose of and process sewage. This facility matches those needs in a cost effective solution.

1.2 Categorization

5. The STP sub component project was separately categorized, through the ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) for the “Sewage Treatment” checklists, as environment Category B. This SEMP refers directly to the PVUDP scope of work required within the sub-component that falls under Output 2: Government has improved the sanitation system in greater Port Vila.

1.3 Project Description and Scope

6. The STP subproject site is located about 9.8 km from the city centre, situated within the existing Bouffa (Etas Elang) Landfill Site for well over 25 years. The site is on legal land title



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number 12/0921/004 leased by the government to the Port Vila Municipal Council (PVMC) for 48 hectares over 50 year period.

7. The site was originally cleared of native vegetation to develop cattle ranching in the past with the majority of the area cleared of all vegetation for use as the landfill site in 1991 and again in 2002 with funding assistance from the World Bank (WB) and the Japan International Corporation Agency (JICA), respectively. The site currently has little, if any resemblance to its original natural state and there are no orginal natural terrestrial habitats associated with the proposed project site due to a long history of significant modification.

8. The STP has been designed in accordance with international best practices, as outlined Septage Treatment Options Study and Final Design Report, February 2015 and provides the options, analysis, design, operations and maintenance considerations, cost estimate, construction period and institutional arrangements, as provided in Annex 2. The projects activities will include improvements over a total area of approximately 2 hectares constituting two primary parallel lagoons with useable volumes of 10,000m³. The outer dimensions will be 80m long x 40m wide x 5m deep. During construction the lagoons will be over-excavated by at least 1m, and built back to design levels by applying earth and compacting in 300mm layers. There will be single septage lagoons, connected by continuous discharge, leading to a percolation pond. The lagoons are designed for peak design year inflow of 15,600m³ per year.

9. The two lagoons consisting of mechanically compressed earth with run-off of the post-settlement effluent discharging into a percolation pond, through a series of valve-controlled outlet pipes. The percolation pond downstream of the lagoons is unlined and receives supernatant, where it is allowed to infiltrate into the ground. The water table at the proposed site is known to be over 40m below ground level.1

10. The Construction-phase activities will consist primarily of clearing of the existing sites vegetation, excavation and construction of the lagoons, ponds and fencing. All construction activities will be carried out according to international best practices intended to avoid and minimize adverse environmental impacts and based on the information presented herein through the Environmental Mitigation and Monitoring Plans (EMMP). These plans present the likely impacts caused by the construction and operational phases of the project and outline best practices mitigation measures to manage and lessen the impacts of these activities. These activities will be detailed in the construction company’s Construction Environmental Management Plan (CEMP).

1.4 Operation and Maintenance

11. The on going operation and maintenance of the facility has been considered during the design process. A community and government initiative was undertaken to understand the past operational and maintenance activities and to solicit support to continued these actions, including the projects role in promoting hygienic and effectively septage disposal. Stakeholder discussions will continue throughout the duration of the project to ensure information is exchanged and constructive dialogue is maintained with all stakeholders.

12. An Operation and Maintenance Manual will be produced, as part of the final design requirements that will include a training section for the plants operators and new owners.

1 PVUDP Draft Report Number 5, February 2015



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13. The responsibility for the septage treatment facility will need with the Port Vila Municipal Council that will manage operation and maintenance, revenue and expenditure.

14. Capacity building to be provided by DCSD and will occur in the form of on-site training and study.

1.5 Environmental Impacts

15. The SEMP concludes that there are no identifiable significant environmental impacts nor is the project deemed environmentally sensitive. The construction of the STP will result in a marked improvement to the existing environment and the management of Port Vila sewage.

16. Impacts arising from the construction and operation of the project are minor, very localized, and are acceptable, providing that the set of mitigations measures set out in the Environment Management Plan (EMP) are incorporated in the design, implemented, and monitored properly. Key Impacts include;

a. The STP is located within the existing Bouffa Landfill Site that has been highly modified (cleared, filled) and does not support any terrestrial ecological or biological (flora or fauna) endemic, endangered or significant biodiversity;

b. The STP site does not have any freshwater (rivers, streams), forests or agricultural activities associated with the STP area of influence.

c. The STP site, during periods of excess rainfall, will not discharge effluent into nearby water courses or streams.

d. Impacts on this ecosystem (flora or fauna) are expected to be very minor.

e. The STP does not impact any terrestrial conservation and/or protected area, sites of cultural, customary or heritage significance nor any national or international endangered or protected species.

f. Due diligence and proactive management of all construction aspects of the STP will ensure limited disturbance to the daily waste disposal and sludge treatment activities undertaken in the Bouffa Landfill (e.g. traffic, dust), and the collection, storage and correct disposal of waste material generated during construction.

g. Vanuatu laws and regulations associated with labour, employment, Occupational Health & Safety (OH&S) will be adopted, enforced and monitored during all construction activities associated with the project.

h. Climate change adaptation measures have been included in the STP design.

17. The EMP identifies potential minor environmental impacts arising from the project along with a corresponding schedule monitoring of mitigation measures to ensure potential impacts are maintained at insignificant levels. It also includes the institutional arrangements for implementing the EMP to ensure its effectiveness.

1.6 Environmental Benefits

18. The proposed works have been designed to ensure a substantial improvement to the management of Port Vila sewage and associated landfill site. These infrastructure improvements will result in improved treatment and disposal in septage handling and associated facilities and improved environmental management within government. Resulting in improvements to impacts to the environment and residence of Port Vila.



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1.7 Environmental Management Plan

19. The STP EMP, mitigation measures, environmental monitoring and capacity development are required to minimise the environmental impacts in the pre-construction, construction and operation phases of the STP. The Design, Supervision and Capacity Development (DSCD) consultant and Contractor will be tasked to a CEMP and the Contractor will be responsible for implementing the EMMP. The mitigation actions identified in this report need to be implemented by the contractor. The EMP is presented as section 6 of this report.

20. The EMP provides a set of mitigation, monitoring and management measures to be applied during STP implementation to avoid, reduce, mitigate, or compensate for adverse environmental impacts. The EMP prepared as part of this SEMP includes nine (9) preconstruction, (16) construction and (2) operational period mitigative and monitoring actions respectively. Most importantly, during the pre-construction phase will be the distribution of the environmental documentation, including the EMMP to all stakeholders including the successful Contractor(s) and the completion of a pre-construction briefing/workshop for PWD. During the construction period, environmentally responsible construction practices and management of all wastes will be essential.

21. Implementation of internationally recognised good construction environmental practices form the basis of the EMMP which covers issues such as erosion and sedimentation control, materials sourcing and spoil management, waste management, minimization of habitat disturbance, and worker and community health and safety. The EMMP will form part of the construction contract documents and the Contractor will be required to prepare a site-specific CEMP based on the contract EMP.

22. The main environmental controls incorporated into the design of the project are; i) ensure minimum environmental impacts at the Bouffa Landfill Site; and ii) design criteria that are based on available climate change modelling data used to ensure sewage collection and settlement ponds capacity is sufficient for high rainfall events.

1.8 Implementation Arrangements

23. The Executing Agency (EA) for the PVUDP is the Ministry of Finance and Economic Management (MFEM) and the project’s Implementing Agencies (IA) include the Public Works Department (PWD) under the Ministry of Infrastructure and Public Utilities (MIPU) and the Department of Environmental Protection and Conservational (DEPC). The DEPC is the lead agency for implementing the Environmental Management and Conservation Act (EMCA) 2010 and the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2011 and issuing of development consent for project development.

24. The PVUDP is managed by the VPMU assisted by the DSCD consultant, Roughton International in association with Qualao Consulting Ltd. The role of the VPMU is to;

a. Administer, manage, coordinate and oversee the implementation of major Vanuatu Government Infrastructure Projects, including the PVUDP; and

b. Coordinate and Facilitate projects funds between funding partners, the GoV and various stakeholders.



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1.9 Policy, Legal and Administrative Framework

25. The project shall comply with requirements of the Vanuatu Environmental Management and Conservation Act (EMCA) 2010 and the Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations 2011 that requires that for all major developments projects, a development clearance and development consent (and other permits) must be obtained from the DEPC before any work can commence. The development consent application must include an environment assessment and an EMMP.

26. This SEMP as part of the PVUDP Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) is intended to comply with the requirements of a Preliminary Environmental Assessment (PEA) as required under GoV regulations and meet the requirements of the ADB for Category B projects as described in the ADB’s Safeguard Policy Statements (SPS).

27. The objectives of the SEMP (PEA) are to: (i) assess the existing environmental conditions; (ii) identify potential environmental impacts; (iii) evaluate and determine the significance of the impacts; (iv) develop an EMP detailing mitigation measures, monitoring activities, reporting requirements, institutional responsibilities to address adverse environmental impacts; (v) carry-out public consultations to document any issues/concerns; and (vi) to ensure that such concerns are addressed in the project design.

1.10 Conclusion and Recommendations

28. The potential environmental impacts arising from the design, construction, operation and maintenance of the project will be relatively minor, localized and acceptable provided that the mitigation measures set out in the STP SEMP are implemented properly. The findings of the EMMP evaluation suggest that the STP will result in improvements to the environment from the existing disposal and treatment process for sewage in the Port Vila area.

1.11 Information Disclosure, Consultation and Participation

29. The STP subcomponent of the PVUDP planning and environmental concerns were discussed with relevant GoV Ministries, Departments, Provincial and Municipal governments, business owners and the general public stakeholders resulting in an agreement for the support of the scope of works of the STP project. The stakeholder consultation process followed the PVUDP communication plan and disseminated information to key stakeholders detailing the scale and scope of the project, expected impacts and the proposed mitigation measures. The process also gathered information on relevant concerns of the stakeholders and where relevant incorporated into the STP SEMP.

30. The final draft SEMP will be submitted to VPMU who will forward the document to the relevant GoV Ministries and Departments for their evaluation and clearance and to the ADB to ensure their safeguard policies are met. The final approved document will be disclosed to the public and included into the DEPC document register and up loaded on the ABD web site.

1.12 Grievance Redress Mechanism

31. A Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) for all subcomponents of the PVUDP has been developed and has been established to receive, evaluate and facilitate the resolution of affected people’s concerns, complaints and grievances about the environmental and social performance of the project. The GRM is based on accepted practices and government protocols in Vanuatu and provides an accessible, time-bound and transparent mechanism for the affected persons to voice



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and resolve social and environmental concerns linked to all projects undertaken within the PVUDP infrastructure development activities.



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2.0 BACKGROUND

32. Sustainable urban development through improved access to basic services such as sanitation facilities is an important priority for the government under its Priorities and Action Agenda (PAA) 2006-2015 and a medium-term action program, entitled “Planning Long, Acting Short Action Program.”2 The latter prioritizes a set of short- and medium-term development initiatives. This is also identified among the three core sectors for support under the ADB Country Partnership Strategy for Vanuatu (CPS) 2010-2014.3 The CPS also places emphasis on long-term support for country systems and capacities in core areas such as rural and urban infrastructure, which includes sewage management.

33. The expected impact of the PVUDP is the sustainable urban development of Port Vila and surrounding peri urban areas. The expected outcome is the Government of Vanuatu (GoV) has sustainably improved the hygiene situation and reduced water-based hazards in greater Port Vila. The project has 5 outputs with Output 2: Government has improved the sanitation system in greater Port Vila that is directly relevant to the development of a new STP. Output 2 will improve the disposal and treatment of sludge from domestic and commercial septic tanks by (i) improving the management of the privately operated sludge collection and disposal system and (ii) construction of a Sludge Treatment Plant (STP) and disposal facility.

34. The PVUDP IEE provides a detailed description of the existing environment and the projects environmental impacts associated with the scope of works to be undertaken in Port Vila and peri urban areas. This report provides the background information for the STP and should be referred for additional background information.

35. Port Vila’s sanitation infrastructure subsector has received minimal capital support since the time of independence in 1980. The system for removal and disposal of human waste from households and business premises is, at present, environmentally unsatisfactory, as untreated sludge is disposed of in open pits near major waterways, exposing the urban population to waterborne diseases. Communities as well as major public areas of the Central Business District (CBD) lack safe and hygienic sanitation facilities. The Port Vila community in general has a need to improve the ability to hygienically and effectively dispose of and process sewage.

36. The existing STP located at the Bouffa landfill site is woefully inadequate to meet the current and expected increase demands of the growing populations of Port Vila. The existing facility requires improvements to operational procedures and maintenance activities. The proposed STP improvements match these needs in a cost effective solution.

2.1 Legislation

37. As part of the PVUDP IEE report, an in depth regulatory review was undertaken of the nation’s environmental legislation and permitting processes to identify the regulative approvals that are required to ensure the projects sub-components can be undertaken. Detailed information

2 The PAA was developed with ADB support: ADB. 2004. Technical Assistance to the Republic of Vanuatu for a

Medium-Term Strategic Framework. Manila. 3 The two other sectors are transport and energy. ADB. 2009. Country Partnership Strategy: Vanuatu, 2010-2014.

Manila.



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pertaining to the legislation and permits has been articulated in this report and should be reviewed to for further information. The principal national legislations associate with the construction and operation of the Port Vila STP sub-project includes:

a. Environmental Management and Conservation Act No. 12 of 2002 (EMC) which provides for an affordable framework for environmental protection and compliance within Vanuatu;

b. Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations (Order No. 175 of 2011) which outlines the process for which an national environmental impact assessment is to be undertaken to seek government approval;

c. Water Resources Management Act No 9 of 2002 for the construction, operation and/or maintenance of any physical works related to the protection, management and use of water, including any storm water and/or wastewater works;

d. Waste Management Act No 24 of 2014 which provides for the protection of the environment through encouragement of effective waste services and operations;

e. Pollution Control Act of 2014 which provides for minimization and management for the discharge and emission of pollution and encourage all levels of government to work together to control the discharge and emission of pollution;

f. Physical Planning Act 22 of 1986 and building permits which are required for the erection of all buildings and structures associated with the projects scope of works;

g. Control of Nocturnal Noise Act (CAP 40) JR 14 of 1965) which prohibits excessive noise in Port Vila between 9pm and 5am; and

h. Health and Safety at Work (CAP 195) that provide for the health, safety and welfare of persons at work.

38. The Bouffa landfill area and the site associated with the STP sub-project is pubic land leased to the PVMC by the GoV. As such the by laws of the Shefa Provincial Council need to be adhered to during the STP development. In particular the Physical Planning Act No 22 of, which restrict developments without approved permits. A Building Permits will need to be applied for through the Shefa Provincial Council.



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3.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION - SEPTAGE TREATMENT PLANT (STP)

3.1 Introduction of land use at STP (Bouffa Landfill Site).

35. The Bouffa Landfill site is approximately 9.8 km to the east of Port Vila (Figure 1) and was established in 1995 and as such is one of the first multi purpose landfill sites within the Pacific Islands. The site is on legal land title number 12/0921/004 leased by the government under a “Special Lease” for over a 50-year period from the Port Vila Municipal Council (PVMC). It includes a total landfill area of 48 hectares of which approximately 2000m3 (200m x 100m) is to be used under the PVUDP for the disposal of septage (STP) and approximately 13 hectare have been allocated for the disposal and treatment of other household and commercial wastes derived from Port Vila (Figure 2). This SEMP includes only the parcel of land allocated to the STP and as such there will be no need to acquire private land.



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Figure 1: Location of the Bouffa Land fill site in relation to Port Vila.



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3.2 Current Environment at STP (Bouffa Landfill Site).

40. This section below provides a summary account of key baseline conditions pertaining to the physical and biological environments directly associated with the STP sub-project site. Detailed information pertaining to these baseline conditions has been articulated in the PVUDP IEE report and should be referred to for further background information. It is not the intension of this SEMP to duplicate information reported in the IEE, but to identify potential impacts directly related to the work activities associated with the STP that need to be addressed.

41. The scope of works for the STP is associated with the terrestrial environment only. The STP site is located within the Bouffa landfill site (Figure 1.) and as such is located on highly modified land that has been previously cleared of natural vegetation. The site was originally cleared of natural forests during the colonial era for cattle grazing and has been subsequently clear of all vegetation in 1995 and in 2001 for its current use (Figure 2). Resulting in an area of highly modified terrestrial ecosystem that lacks any habitat suitable for significant terrestrial flora and fauna biological populations and terrestrial biodiversity.

42. During the past two decades the Bouffa Landfill site has been used by non titled settlers from the villages of Eratap and Erakor for subsistence farming (e.g. root and vegetable crops). Through community stakeholder meetings and discussions undertaken by the PVUDP social team these subsistence vegetable crops have been removed from the area of influence of the STP. This process has been documented including Indigenous People (IP) and Involuntary Resettlement (IR) issues in “Involuntary Resettlement Impacts on the STP” (PVUDP report 17) and “Resettlement Plan for the Proposed Septage Treatment Plant for the Bouffa Landfill Site” (PVUDP report 38) which are included in Annex 1a and 1b, respectively. Both reports should be referred for additional information.

43. A number of non food crop trees have established themselves around the perimeter of the STP however as these are outside the area of influence of the scope of works will not be affected by the STP project.

44. The STP site locations does not include any freshwater streams or rivers, is not associated with any terrestrial protected or conservation areas, site of cultural, customary or heritage sites nor is it associated with or supports terrestrial ecological or biological (flora or fauna) endemic, endangered or significant biodiversity.

45. The nearest freshwater systems both of which are outside the boundaries of the Bouffa landfill site includes the Bouffa and the Teouma rivers which are approximately 460m and 920m respectively, away from the STP site.

46. The scope of works for the STP will result in no biological impacts of any significance on the terrestrial ecosystems within the area of influence for the STP sub-project site. The proposed scope of improvement works will have a direct positive impact on the disposal and treatment of sludge from domestic and commercial septic tanks at the Bouffa Landfill Site.

47. Climate change adaptation measures have been considered and integrated into the design and program of works for the STP sub component as well as the PVUDP. Increases in extreme weather patterns and events specifically associated with increased precipitation events will have a direct impact on the STP system capacity to manage these events and have been



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factored into the design. The damages caused by Tropical Cyclone Pam on 13 March 2015 are examples of impacts that are to be noted in the design of the STP.

Figure 2. Location of the STP within the Bouffa landfill site.

3.3 Construction Activities (Scope of Works) for the STP (Bouffa Landfill Site).

48. The PVUDP report entitled “Septage Treatment Options Study and Final Design Report, February 2015 (PVUDP report 5) provides the options, analysis, design, operations and maintenance consideration, cost estimate, contruction period and institutional arrangements for the STP project (Annex 2). Key components of the construction scope of works includes:

a. Clearing of the proposed STP site of existing vegetation; b. Construction of gravel based access road; c. Construction of an operators building; d. Excavation and construction of 2 primary lagoons; e. Excavation and construction of a single percolation pond; and f. Associated works within the subproject site.

49. The Bouffa Landfill Area is vee-shaped with proposed septage ponds to be located along the ridge. The STP and the associated facilities included two primary lagoons and one percolation pond that are connected through a series of valve-controlled outlet pipes. Figure 3 provides the layout plan for the STP. Each primary receiving lagoon will have a storage capacity of 10,000m³ with an outer dimension of 80m x 40m x 5m deep and have been designed for an annual peak inflow of 15,600m3 of septage.

50. The lagoons will be lined to prevent liquids quickly soaking into the soil and underlying limestone substrate. The lining will be with locally-occuring clay which is in abundance on site and



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mechanically compacted. PVC linings was not recommended as it will be easily damaged when dried sludge is removed with a backhoe. During construction the lagoons will be over-excavated by at least 1m, and built back to design levels by applying earth and compacting in 300mm layers.

51. The post-settlement effluent (supernatant) runoff from the lagoons will be discharged into a single percolation pond, through a series of valve-controlled PVC outlet pipes. The percolation pond will be located downstream of the lagoons, is unlined where the supernatant is allowed to infiltrate into the ground. The water table at the proposed site is known to be over 40m below ground.



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Figure 3: Proposed Site Layout of the STP



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3.4 Operation and Maintenance

52. The ongoing operation and maintenance of the STP facility has been considered during the design process. A community consultation process was undertaken to understand the projects role in promoting hygienic and effectively septage disposal.

53. An Operation and Maintenance Manual will be drafted as part of the final design requirements. Included in the designer’s brief will be training of the plants operators and new owners.

54. Normal regular operation and maintenance will typically be limited to:

a. Entering into a ledger some details of each septage truck using the facility – which company, date and time, volume of truck.

b. Collection of fees. This may be done on a “per trip” basis or as a monthly account. c. Periodical hosing down of septage inlet area around the receiving well. d. Monitoring lagoon levels e. Breaking up or raking any scum that may form on the lagoon surface.

55. Once a lagoon is full, and has been left to settle for a further period whilst the alternative lagoon is used to receive septage, the Operator will need to use the outlet valves to decant clarified effluent into the percolation pond as described in Section 8.5.4. The Operator will need to become familiar and experienced in using these valves properly.

56. More intensive operational requirements will come into play when a full lagoon has been drawn down to the level of the lowest outlet pipe, left to dry over a dry season and is ready to be de-sludged. This will require a backhoe and a truck of around 6m3 capacity. From Table 11 it is estimated that the lagoon will initially have around 340m3 of sludge that will need removing and placing into the landfill. It will take a skilled backhoe operator to collect the dried sludge without damaging the compacted earth lagoon base.

57. If it is assumed that one 6m3 truck load can be filled in 15 minutes, and that it takes a further 15 minutes to deliver the load to the landfill, then it will take around 5 days to empty the lagoon based on a 6 hour productive day. This will only occur once every 18-24 months initially and approximately once a year closer to the 2035 design year.

58. There will therefore need to be one full time Operator, present in the site office during working hours, with a small team for up to one week per year when a lagoon needs desludging.

59. The desludging team will consist of backhoe operator and one truck operator. It is likely that only one new full time staff member will be required as permanent Operator, with the annual/biannual desludging team taken from existing landfill staff.



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60. Day to day operational cost will be limited to the salary for the full time Operator and Site Supervisor.

61. Annual operating costs will include fuel for backhoe and 6m3 truck hire, with extra labour. Typical expected O&M annual costs, once the lagoons are both operating, is anticipated to be USD17,000 per annum (2015 figues). As the amount of septage anticipated to be deposited at the facility is between 10,100m3/year and 15,600m3/year, the revenue for collected septage to be deposit at the facility is around USD1.20 to USD1.70/m3 which is considered realistic and sustainable.

62. The responsibility for the septage treatment facility will need with the Port Vila Municipal Council that will manage operation and maintenance, revenue and expenditure.

63. Capacity building to be provided by DCSD will occur in the form of on-site training and study will be required for the following;

a. Revenue collection b. Use of lagoon outlet valves c. Periodical inspection of percolation pond for clogging d. Cleaning of receiving well area e. Manual raking of scum layer on the lagoon surface f. Managing vehicles – logging septage,volumes, receipt of payment g. Keeping lagoons clear of vegetation when not in use. h. Purpose of the lagoons and percolation ponds

64. To receive the most benefit from the septage treatment facility, and to have the maximum beneficial effect on the urban environment, it must receive all of the septage generated by septic tanks in Port Vila. Public awareness of septic tanks is crucial to meeting this target, and the following steps will occur to improve awareness:

a. How septic tanks work b. How to check if it is time to have the tank emptied c. Availability of guidelines on the proper construction of septic tanks d. What not to dispose of to the tank ( grease, oils for example) e. Soakaway pit for effluent

65. These will be conveyed through TV, radio coverage, a series of newspaper articles, posters in public areas and leaflet drops to households.



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4.0 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES

4.1 Introduction - Screening of Potential Impacts

66. The SEMP STP is categorized, through the ADB Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) for “Sewage Treatment” checklist, as Environment Category B in accordance with ADB Safeguard Policy Statement (SPS) 2009 (ADB, 2009). Therefore, as part of the STP SEMP process, a number of these potential impact issues and mitigation measures were identified (refer Annex 3) and thus were screened by the project’s environmental team to determine the level of environmental risk. These potential impacts were analysed through a standard Environmental Risk Management Framework (ERMF) and key issues documented in this report. The risks can be summarised as potential impacts associated with the (i) pre construction (ii) construction and (iii) operation/management phases of the project.

67. In addition, a summary of the potential environmental issues and their likely impacts on physical, biological, socio-economic and physical cultural resources and specific mitigation measures were identified to ensure all such environmental impacts can be avoided or managed to reduce impacts to acceptable levels. These are documented in sections 4.4 through 4.10 below.

68. The immediate goal and main effect of the sub-project component is to construct a new sanitation treatment plant at the PVMC Bouffa Landfill Site.

69. Through the PVUDP social safeguard screening assessment process it was found that there is no expected risk of landlessness, loss of home, and/or loss of major income source as a result of the project because it will not require acquisition of private or customary-owned land. However it was identified that public awareness, understanding and information exchange associated with the project is required to ensure continued community support and compliance. The PVUDP social safeguard assessments, including Indigenous People (IP) and Involuntary Resettlement (IR) issues associated with the STP have been documented in Report 17 “Involuntary Resettlement Impacts on the STP” and Report 38 “Resettlement Plan for the Proposed Septage treatment Plan for the Bouffa Landfill Site” (Annex 1a and b, respectively). Both these reports should be referred to for additional background information if required.

4.2 Environmental Risk Management Framework (RMF)

70. The environmental risk for the STP is based on international best practices. Annex 4 provides a detailed description of the processes undertaken to evaluate the risks associated with the STP and provides a risk assessment matric presenting the assessment results.

4.3 General Impact Assessment

71. The impact assessment is based on an Environmental Risk and Likely Impact (“ERLI”) approach. This approach is used to justify the risk ratings assigned to each of the elements identified. For each potential construction phase impact on the environment identified in this report, two key areas in the impact assessment process have been addressed:

a. Environmental Risk - This essentially considers the risk of irreversible change to natural ecological processes and community interaction; and

b. Likely Impact - This considers the likely impact of the proposal, as modified and undertaken in accordance with mitigation strategies (including any environmental management plan).



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72. The significance of the impacts is placed in an appropriate context in which to justifiably determine the impact’s significance. In particular, the duration of the impact (temporary versus permanent), reversibility has been considered and the ability of natural systems (including population, communities and ecosystems) to accept or assimilate impacts is addressed. Mitigation strategies are listed for each aspect recording a risk level; these factors have been pre-determined by the REA.

73. The Risk Management Framework (RMF) (Annex 4) identified that there are no identifiable significant environmental risks for the STP project scope of works. No high levels of risk were recorded for the construction and operational phases of the STP project.

74. Of the other nine (9) construction phase risks assessed four (4) recorded medium levels of risk, all of which are associated with elevated noise, dust and vibration levels during construction, and the potential waste materials and site contamination resulting from the work, three (3) recorded low levels and three (3) recorded very low levels of environmental risk. The low levels of potential environmental impacts are directly related to the highly altered site location of the STP. The one (1) operational environmental risk assessed resulted in a low level of risk associated with the long term cleaning and maintenance of the STP facility.

75. The environmental risks identified to be high and of medium risk values including mitigation actions are discussed below. In addition the below section includes a description of safety issues and concerns required to manage the construction phase, which includes protocols and guidelines required to ensure the construction site is managed and meets the requirements of the GoV. Those risks identified as low, very low or no risks are not discussed. Through due diligence and compliance to GoV building and environmental standards will ensure these potential risks remain very low.

4.4 Hazardous Material and Waste Disposal

Impact: Use of hazardous substances during construction, such as oils and

lubricants can cause significant impacts if uncontrolled or if waste is not

disposed correctly.

The contractor through the CEMP will articulate mitigation measures that

will control access to and the use of hazardous substances such as oils and

lubricants and control waste disposal.

Detailed information is documented in the PVUDP IEE, however key issues

pertaining directly to the STP project are discussed below.

Mitigation

Measures:

The contractor shall ensure implementation of such measures to include;

Ensure that safe storage of fuel, other hazardous substances and bulk

materials are agreed by DEPC and follow internationally recognized good

practice;

Hydrocarbon and toxic material will be stored in adequately protected site/s

consistent with national and local regulations and codes of practice to

prevent soil and water contamination;

Segregate hazardous wastes (oily wastes, used batteries, fuel drums) and

ensure that storage, transport and disposal shall not cause pollution and



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shall be undertaken consistent with national regulations and code of

practice;

Ensure all storage containers are in good condition with proper labelling;

Regularly check containers for leakage and undertake necessary repair or

replacement;

Store hazardous materials above possible flood level;

Discharge of oil contaminated water shall be prohibited;

Used oil and other toxic and hazardous materials shall be disposed of off-

site at a facility authorized by the DEPC;

Adequate precautions will be taken to prevent oil/lubricant/hydrocarbon

contamination of drainage channel beds;

Spill clean-up materials will be made available before works commence

(e.g., absorbent pads, etc.) specifically designed for petroleum products

and other hazardous substances where such materials are being stored;

Spillage, if any, will be immediately cleared with utmost caution to leave no

traces; and

All areas intended for storage of hazardous materials will be quarantined

and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations

complying with all the applicable statutory stipulations.

Provided the Material and Spoil Management Plan (MSMP) is prepared,

approved and implemented in accordance with the above

recommendations;

The environmental impacts associated with hazardous waste management

are expected to be negligible.

4.5 Air Quality

Impact: Air quality conditions within the STP project area are expected to be

temporally reduced during the construction phase of the project through

increased dust production resulting from construction activities and vehicle

movements. Impacts will be sporadic, short lived and subjected to the

existing weather conditions during the construction period.

The implementation of best practices mitigation and management

measures will greatly reduce potential impacts.

Mitigation

Measures:

Reduce the speed of all vehicles within the STP to a maximum of 30 Km/h and reduction of speed through settlement areas;

Speed limit signboards to be erected and fixed within the STP and settlement areas the vehicles travel through to reach the project site;

The material carrying trucks should be covered with a tarpaulin so that the construction material will not be spilled while transporting to the project site from the construction yard;

Facility for regular cleaning and wetting of the STP site should be provided to limit the dust emission where required and practical;



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Regularly cleaning (washing) of construction vehicles in a dedicated location to reduce dust;

The construction equipment and all vehicles used should be well maintained and emission level should be kept low; and

The construction debris will not be left on the construction site but it will be removed to a dedicated waste disposal sites.

4.6 Noise Levels

Impact: Temporary impacts in the immediate vicinity due to noise generating from

construction activities superimposed by existing vehicular noise within the

land file site. Noise levels in this area will increase due to the activities of

the project and are expected to range between 80 to 90 dB (A). The

magnitude of impacts will depend upon specific types of equipment to be

used, the construction methods employed and the scheduling of the work.

The largest noise impact will be generated from construction site traffic

transporting materials and equipment to the site and operation of machinery

at the site. This will be temporary and sporadic over the construction period.

Implementation of good practice construction methods such as using well

maintained powered mechanical equipment equipped with silencers would

ensure impacts are minimized and acceptable.

All construction operations will be scheduled to coincide and abide with the

Port Vila Control of Nocturnal Noise Act which restricting all associated

work activities of this project between the hours of 5 AM and 9 PM daily.

Mitigation

Measures:

Machinery and vehicles will be maintained regularly, with particular

attention to silencers and mufflers, to keep construction noise levels to

minimum;

Protection devices (ear plugs or ear muffs) will be provided to the workers

operating in the vicinity of high noise generating machines; and

All construction and vehicle movement that may increase noise levels will

be restricted to the hours of 5 AM to 9 PM daily.

4.7 Water Quality

Impact: During the construction phase of the project there is a very small potential,

if not correctly managed, for localised and short-term water contamination

resulting from runoff including suspended sediments and construction

contaminants entering the surrounding environment. This will only be during

periods of high rainfall during the short construction phase. All runoff will be

contained and very localised. There is also the potential of hazardous

chemicals (e.g. petrochemicals) resulting from the construction activities

being involved (see section 4.8 below). Construction activities that may

result in degrading the water quality include;



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Clearance of the project site and temporary stockpiling of excavated

materials;

Excavation and resurfacing works associated with construction of access

roads in the project area and site drainage and bunding systems.

Spoil disposal from excavation works.

Implementation of good practice construction methods will ensure impacts

are minimized and acceptable.

Mitigation

Measures:

A range of proven mitigation measures associated with good construction

practice will be implemented during the construction of the STP to avoid or

minimize sedimentation impacts in the project area. As a minimum these

mitigation measures will include:

Minimizing the vegetation clearance;

Cover/stabilize all exposed surfaces and excavated materials during

construction;

Close construction supervision to ensure the above measures are

implemented; and

Provisions of stop work during periods of rainfall and avoid the

construction during the nation’s wet season wet (January - April).

Effective implementation of the above mitigation measures will ensure that

the potential short term impacts on water quality resulting from the

construction phase of the Project will be reduced and managed.

4.8 Construction Material and Spoil Waste Management

Impact: Moderate amounts of limestone aggregates, sand and cement and other

equipment and materials will be required for the up-grade and replacement

construction of the ponds, pond walls, roads and drainage systems. It is

envisaged that a dedicated borrow pit /quarry will not be required for the

STP project and that aggregates can be sourced from existing sources on

Efate Island and the majority of fill required will be available on site.

Excavation activities will be limited with a corresponding limited volume of

excess spoil needing to be disposed of.

Material sources will be identified by the contractor and will be detailed in

MSMP as part of the CEMP. Both these management plans are detailed in

the PVUDP IEE however key issues pertaining directly to the STP project

are highlighted below.

The contractor will be required to prepare and implement a MSMP to

minimize the use of non-renewable resources and provide for safe disposal

of excess spoil. As a first priority, where surplus materials arise from the

removal of the existing surfaces these will be used elsewhere on the project

for fill (if suitable) before additional rock, gravel, soil or sand extraction is

considered. The MSMP will include as a minimum consideration of the



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following:

Required materials, potential sources and estimated quantities available; Impacts related to identified sources and availability; Excavated material for reuse and recycling methods to be employed; Excess spoil to be disposed of and methods proposed for disposal

endorsement/Permitted from PVMC and DEPC for disposal of excess spoil; and

Methods of transportation to minimize interference with normal traffic. Moreover the contractor will be responsible for;

Identifying suitable sources and obtaining all agreements associated

with the sources;

Fill requirements to minimize need for aggregates from other sources;

Managing topsoil, overburden, and low-quality materials so they are

properly removed, stockpiled short term near the site (covered to

prevent runoff), and preserved for reuse; and,

Arranging for the safe disposal of any excess spoil including provision

for stabilization, erosion control, drainage and re-vegetation provisions at

the disposal site.

Mitigation

Measures:

Contractor to prepare MSMP as part of CEMP;

Construction materials, such as sand, aggregate needed for concrete

should come from existing quarries, in compliance with government

regulations;

No dumping of the construction waste material allowed;

On wetlands, forest areas, coastal and other ecologically sensitive areas;

On private property without written consent of the owner;

In to any water course and should not contaminate any water course;

The vehicles used should be fitted with spill proof equipment;

There should be direction boards that are easy to read and accessible to all

construction staff providing route to be used to the disposal site, conformity

using this route needs to be ensured;

All workers at the disposal yard should be provided with

Safety attire (Personal Protective Equipment - PPE);

Proper training and knowledge associated with health hazards associated

with the work.

Effective implementation of the MSMP by the contractor as outlined above

will ensure that potential environmental impacts associated with the

management and disposal of construction materials will be negligible.



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4.9 Safety Issues

Impact: A Health and Safety Plan (HSP) as part of the CEMP is required to be

developed by the contractor to establish; (i) routine safety measures and

reduce risk of accidents during construction; (ii) include emergency

response and preparedness; and (iii) accidental spill procedures

highlighting the sizes and types of spills that may occur, and the resources

(onsite and/or offsite) that will be required to handle and treat the spill.

The HSP will cover both Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) (workers)

and community health and safety. The HSP will be appropriate to the

nature and scope of construction activities and as much as reasonably

possible meet the requirements of good engineering practice and national

regulations (OH&S Act, 2002). The HSP will include agreement on

consultation requirements (workers) established in the PVUDP

Communication Plan, establishment and monitoring of acceptable practices

to protect safety, links to the complaints management system for duration of

the works (in accordance with agreed Grievance Redress Mechanism

(GRM), and system for reporting of accidents and incidents.

Mitigation

Measures:

Before construction commences the contractor will conduct training for all

workers on environmental safety and environmental hygiene. The

contractor will instruct workers in health and safety matters as required by

good engineering practice and national regulations;

Ensure an adequate spill response kits are provided, accessible and that

designated key staff are trained in its use;

Ensure that first aid, including the provision of trained personnel, is

available on site and arrangements in place to ensure the removal for

medical attention of workers who have suffered an accident or sudden

illness at the construction site;

The manner in which first aid facilities and personnel are to be provided

should be prescribed by national laws or regulations, and drawn up after

consulting the competent health authority and representative organisations

of employers and workers concerned;

Regular meetings will be conducted to maintain awareness levels of health

and safety issues and requirements;

Legal working hours and official holidays to be respected;

Vanuatu minimum wage requirements to be observed;

Workers shall be provided (before they start work) with appropriate PPE

suitable for civil work such as safety boots, helmets, gloves, protective

clothes, goggles, and ear protection at no cost to the workers. Instructions

on their use around the construction site will be delivered as part of the

safety introduction procedures and site agents/foremen will follow up to see

that the safety equipment is used and not sold on;



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The site office and works yard will be equipped with first aid facilities

including first aid kits in construction vehicles;

Provision of potable water supply at the work site;

Child labour will be strictly prohibited for all activities supported by this

project;

There should be proper enforcement of the labour laws at the work place;

All signboards should be in Bislama (local language) and repeated in

either/or English and French, the two other official languages of Vanuatu;

and

All measures related to workers’ safety and health protection shall be free

of charge to workers. The worker OH&S plan is to be submitted by the

contractor before construction commences and should include public safety

and approved by PMU.

4.10 Construction Site

Impact: The workforce is expected to be small and it is unlikely that there will be

need for accommodation at the site. However, a site storage/maintenance

area is likely to be established for the duration of the construction period.

Worker’s access to portable toilets and associated sanitation facilities will

be provided at the STP work site.

The contractor will be required to adopt good management practices to

ensure that both physical impacts and social impacts associated with a

storage/maintenance area are minimized. All fuels, raw sewage,

wastewater effluent, and construction debris associated with the

construction storage/maintenance area is disposed of appropriately. Social

impacts have not been identified as an issue with the STP project, however

measures need to be in place to address potential conflict issues between

(i) workers, (ii) workers and the contractor and (iii) the contractor and works

with the general public. The STP is located within the Bouffa Landfill Site

and therefore interaction between the general public and contractor/workers

is low. Public understanding and support is required to ensure the success

of the project.

Mitigation

Measures:

The contractor will put up notice boards regarding the scope and schedule

of construction, as well as certain construction activities causing disruptions

or access restrictions;

The facilities (storage and maintenance) will be fenced and sign-posted and

unauthorized access or entry by general public will be prohibited;

All notice board to be written in Bislama and/or English and French;

For unskilled activities and labour, every effort to hire local people

(including women) for these positions should be a priority:

Accidental damage to utilities will be minimised by (i) obtaining plans from



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the Public Utilities identifying locations of pipelines, conduits and power

cables and (ii) consultation with staff on the location of utilities prior to

commencing excavation operations.

76. In summary, the SEMP concludes that there are no identifiable significant environmental impacts nor is the project deemed environmentally sensitive. The STP scope of works has a low environmental footprint. When completed there will result in a marked improvement to the environment due to the markedly better services and management of Port Vila sewage.

77. Impacts arising form the construction and operation of the project are minor, very localised and are acceptable, providing that the set of mitigation measures set out in the EMP are incorporated in the design, implemented and monitored correctly. Due diligence during the construction phase and careful monitoring is essential to ensure environmental impacts are minimal.



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5.0 INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATIONS, AND PARTICIPATION

78. The PVUDP IEE provides a detailed account of the formal and informal stakeholder consultations that have been undertaken with National, Provincial and Municipal Governments, business, Non Government Organisations (NGO’s), communities and the wider public and should be referred for additional information. Information discussed and obtained during these consultation activities where relevant, have been incorporated into the projects design, including the STP SEMP. Continued dialogue through formal and informal meetings will continue throughout the duration of the project to ensure information is exchanged and constructive dialogue is maintained with all stakeholders. In addition, stakeholder meetings and discussion were undertaken with by the PVUDP social safeguard unit associated with the STP, these separate reports should be reviewed for further information.

5.1 Provincial and Community Level Consultations

79. Shefa Provincial Government, Port Vila Municipal Council (PVMC) and community/business consultations in respect of both environmental and social issues associated with the STP were undertaken in Port Vila during October 2014 and between the months of March and April 2015. The purpose of these consultation were to (i) disseminate and communicate an overview of the project and its specific goals and objectives including the areas the project will operate in, (ii) initiate dialogue to discuss and gather information pertaining to the project in general and (iii) discuss any environmental issues/concerns relating to the project.

80. The project team met specifically (15.10.2014) with the Town Clerk (Mr. Ronald Sandy), Acting Town Planner (Mr. William Frank), and the Sanitation Officer (Mr. Roger Tari) of the PVMC and held initial meetings with Michel Kalorai, Secretary General of Shefa Provincial Council (SHP) the Area Council Secretaries for the sanitation areas and the elected councillors of the PVMC to (i) introduce and explain the project, including specific activities, requirements and time lines of work activities, (ii) environmental safeguard requirements of the project and its subcomponents, specifically the STP, (iii) initiate dialogue to discuss and gather information pertaining to the project in general and to any environmental issues/concerns relating to the project, (v) to initiate a professional working relationship and open communication lines with the SHP and PVMC and (vi) to request the PVMC assistance in supporting the projects consultation process.

81. Throughout the project design phase informal discussions have taken place with the Etas Elang community, SHP and PVMC that centred around the disclosure of information on the overall project and the sub components projects, which included descriptions of the potential environmental impacts, and to seek feedback relating to the project and any concerns.

82. A series of specific formal consultation meetings have been undertaken with the PVMC and the communities (Etas Elang) associated with the Bouffa landfill site. The initial public disclosure consultation meeting was undertaken on the 12th of March 2015 (refer Annex 4a for a detailed list of attendants and summary of the meeting) which was followed on by a second community consultation meeting on the 22 April 2015 (refer Annex 4b for the attendance list and Annex 4c for the minutes and summary of the meeting). Information obtained during these consultations has been documented and incorporated into the final design of the STP where required.

83. Key concerns raised in respect to the current issues associated with STP included; (i) health and sanitation concerns especially during periods of poor weather, (ii) population increase



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within Port Vila and capacity of the STP to manage this, (iii) the STP long term operation and management.

5.2 National Government Level Consultations for the STP

84. Roughtons in association with Qualao Consulting Lts commenced work on the PVUDP in 2013 and a number of concept design options for the STP were prepared from which consultation was undertaken (with a number of GoV Ministries and Departments, PVMC, communities and general public). These consultations led to additional design concepts being developed and reviewed (detailed in the PVUDP Septage Treatment Options Study and Final Design Report – February, 2015) resulting in an agreed final STP project design. This draft design has been used to inform the findings in this report.

85. Consultations at the national level were undertaken on a one on one basis with relevant government agencies and NGO’s associated the STP. The purpose of the consultations was to (i) briefly outline the key features of the project (locations, final design), (ii) ascertain key stakeholders’ views and concerns in relation to the proposed developments, and (iii) obtain information from the national level stakeholders on environmental and social characteristics of the sites that would assist in the preparation of the environmental compliance reports for the project.

86. A list of key national stakeholders consulted is provided in Annex 4d. Relevant information obtained and comments made during the consultations relating specifically to STP have been internally discussed and incorporated into the SEMP where appropriate. No significant environmental constraints on the proposed project were identified through the national level consultations with all those consulted being supportive of the project. The most significant comments from all stakeholders expressed the importance of project in ensuring Port Vila has a STP that can manage the communities wastes and provide this service efficiently whilst improving and maintaining the environment.

5.3 Project Disclosure

87. The initial disclosure of the STP project to the PVMC, SHP, key government, NGO, institutions and local communities stakeholders was undertaken during the community consultation and participation process delivered during the month of September – November 2014. This included a detailed description of the project, location and operation to ensure an understanding of the project was fully appreciated and included potential social and environmental impacts and proposed mitigation measures.

88. The SEMP STP will be disclosed appropriately to the communities in accordance with the government requirements as per EIA Regulations Order No. 175 (2011). The development of this document has included verbal discussions with appropriate stakeholders and invitation for comment on draft versions to ensure full understanding and compliance to national and municipal regulations. Equally important the ADB will review and comment on the draft report and all comments and recommendation will be reviewed and relevant information incorporated into the final document.

89. The PVUDP has a communication plan that is relevant to the STP sub project and will provide guidance on the content and spatial delivery of the communication package of the STP sub component.



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90. During the construction phase of the STP, the contractor will, as part of their contract, disclose information on the location and duration of all construction operations. The contractor will assign a liaison officer who will be responsible for receiving, and acting on complaints associated with the project. Consultation meetings will be held every month over the duration of the project (expected to be less than 1 year) to gather feedback and provide the opportunity for community members to air any concerns that need to be addressed during construction.

5.4 Project Communication Plan

91. The PVUDP communication plan has been developed and is discussed in detail in the projects IEE and should be referred for additional information. The projects communications plan has two objectives, which are both relevant to the STP scope of works. This includes;

a. At the project level, internal and external stakeholders are engaged and informed routinely

of the STP project outputs and outcomes to contribute, as necessary, for the effective delivery of the subproject component; and

b. For the civil works component, the objective is to ensure that the necessary communications are established to manage the contract in accordance with each party’s contractual obligations. Further, to engage, involve and inform communities and other local stakeholders adjacent to the project site/s and to provide all parties with a process to deal effectively with complaints arising from the civil works activities.



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6.0 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP)

92. An EMP addresses the environmental impacts during the design, construction and operational phases of a project. It outlines the key environmental management and safeguards that will be initiated by the project proponent to manage the project’s key environmental impacts. They provide tools for mitigating or offsetting the potential adverse environmental impacts resulting from various activities of the project and management measures that are to be applied during the project’s implementation to avoid, reduce and mitigate adverse environmental impacts.

93. The general purpose of the STP EMP is to;

a. Encourage good management practices through planning and commitment to environmental safeguarding and management;

b. Provide rational and practical environmental and social guidelines that will assist in minimizing the potential environmental impact of activities;

c. Helps in minimizing disturbance to the environment (physical, biological and ecological, socioeconomic, cultural, and archaeological);

d. Combat all forms of pollution through monitoring air, noise, land, water, waste and natural resources;

e. Prevent land degradation; f. Comply and adhere to all applicable laws, regulations, standards and guidelines of GoV

and the ADB safeguard policy for the protection of the environment; g. To adopt best practicable waste management for all types of waste (liquid and solid) with

the objective to prevention, minimization, recycling, treatment or disposal of wastes; h. Describe all monitoring procedures required to identify impacts on the environment and

social aspects; i. Train and bring awareness to employees and contractors with regard to environmental

obligations and compliance; and j. Reduce environmental and social risk and provide better Health, Safety and

Environment (HS&E).

94. The SEMP assessment of the development of a new STP has determined that the project will have no identifiable significant environmental impacts nor is the project deemed environmentally sensitive. Impacts arising from the construction of the project are minor, very localized, temporal specific and are acceptable, providing that the set of mitigations measures set out in the projects EMP is adhered to. There are no foreseeable environmental issues associated with the long term operation of the STP as long as regular maintenance is undertaken. The STP has been designed to international standards and of a suitable size to ensure current and expected use is accommodated.

95. This EMP has been developed to outline the measures that are to be implemented in order to minimize adverse environmental impacts associated with the construction of the STP. It serves as a guide for the contractor and the workforce on their roles and responsibilities concerning environmental management on site and outlines the potential environmental impacts their mitigation measures, roles and responsibilities and timescales.

96. The EMP has been presented in two cross referenced tables, defining impacts mitigative measures needed to prevent or reduce effects (the Environmental Mitigation Table or EMiT – Section 6.2) and monitoring actions to track compliance and effectiveness of the mitigative measure (the Environmental Monitoring Table or EMoT – Section 6.3). The EMP also includes



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location, time and responsibility information, permitting follow up investigators to track all work undertaken.

97. The STP EMP is to be used throughout the project’s life cycle–commissioning, mobilization, construction, operation and maintenance and is to be regularly updated and amended when required, to ensure alignment with progress. It has been developed to ensure it is directly linked to the overall Initial Enviornmental Examination (IEE) for the PVUDP and as such the implementation arrangements, environmental management responsibilities and institutional roles and responsibilities are the same. These are summarized briefly below however the PVUDP EMP should be referred for any additional background information.

98. The STP project will be implemented under a Design, Supervision and Capacity Development (DSCD) consultant team who will be responsible for all STP project works including the management of the works contractor. Provisions have been made for a National Environmental Specialist (NES) to be engaged to ensure environmental safeguards identified in this SEMP are implemented in accordance to GoV requirements.

99. The MFEM is the Executing Agency (EA) for the project and the MIPU, PWD and DEPC are the implementing agencies. The DEPC, supported by the DSCD, will be responsible for ensuring, on a day-to-day basis, that the EMP is implemented during each stage of the project’s delivery.

100. A contractor/s will be engaged to undertake the proposed STP construction activities based on the projects detailed and approved plans. The project’s contractor/s will be hired through a competitive tendering process that meets GoV requirements and procedures. The contractor will be responsible for ensuring that all design and construction environmental mitigation requirements specified are properly implemented during construction. The contractor will be required to describe the contactor’s construction methodology, measures and plans for implementing the EMP and as such must prepare a CEMP and a Social Environmental Management Plan for the STP construction site. The contractor will need to incorporate and adopt the following principles:

a. Compliance with the conditions of any approvals; b. Compliance with environmental legislation; c. Maintain a site diary and grievance registry; d. Manage environmental risks associated with the project; e. Maintain a healthy safe work practices for the workers, nearby commercial operators,

residents and the general public; f. Identify, control and where possible minimize the adverse environmental impacts arising

from the works; g. Prevent pollution, minimize waste and improve resource use efficiency; and h. Communicate openly with the government and the stakeholders regarding the

environmental performance.

101. The CEMP shall be reviewed by the VPMU and recommended for approval by the DEPC prior to the contractor’s mobilization to the site. The contractor will be required to report on the implementation status of the EMP to DEPC or its designator agency. The contractor’s requirements will be detailed in the scope of works and will include the following issues in no order of importance:



P a g e | 37

a. Erosion and Sediment Control: To minimize the amount of sediment lost from the site; b. Dust Control: Responsible to control the dust emission from the construction activity; c. Noise: Minimize the nuisance from the construction noise; d. Health and Safety: to provide for safety of construction personnel and local population; e. Traffic Safety: To minimize the risk of accidents during the construction; f. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): The contractor should provide all PPE to conform

to safety regulations; g. The labour (work force) should not interfere with the local population; h. Social and Community concern: to minimize social and community impacts; and i. Signage: The contractor should place signboards in an accessible location to inform the

general public about the hours of work.

102. The EMP prepared as part of this SEMP includes nine (9) preconstruction period mitigative and monitoring actions, sixteen (16) construction period mitigative and monitoring actions and two (2) operating period mitigative and monitoring actions.

103. Most important action required during the pre-construction phase will be the distribution of the environmental documentation, including the Environment and Mitigation Plans to all stakeholders including the successful contractor(s), acquisition of all permits and consent requirements, the completion of a pre-construction briefing/workshop for the relevant government agencies, the contractor and relevant key business and community stakeholders. During the construction period, environmentally responsible construction practices, management of all wastes and proper disposal will be required and will be enforced. Due diligence and consideration of the Bouffa Landfill operators, their customers and the general public need to guide construction activities to reduce inconveniences as best as possible. The development and implementation of a long-term maintenance program (including the allocation of suitable funds) is required to ensure the STP continues to successfully operate.

104. Reporting will be completed regularly during the construction period, and will include monthly reports from the contractor to the PVUDP, and quarterly reports prepared by the PVUDP to the VPMU as detailed in the EMP- EMoT.

6.1 Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM)

105. A PVUDP GRM has been established to address any concerns, complaints and grievances arising during the course of implementing the PVUDP and its subcomponent project including the STP. Members of the public may perceive risks to themselves or their property or have concerns about the environmental performance of the project. These issues may relate to construction and/or operations and therefore they will have rights to file complaints for the contractor and the VPMU to address promptly and sensitively, and for complaints to be made without retribution.

106. The GRM includes the following;

a. The Contractor will maintain a register of any community grievances and that register will record the grievance and the resolution measures taken. The Contractor’s Community Liaison Officer (CLO) will be frequently on site and will receive and register complains in the first instant. The register will be made available for inspection by the authorized representatives of the Employer.

b. There will be a dedicated landline number installed by the PVUDP and all complaints received will be recorded using a software spread sheet which will then be attended to



P a g e | 38

accordingly by the Community and Gender Participation Specialist (CGPS). This compliant spreadsheet will also be made available for inspection by the authorized representatives of the Employer.

c. Any land grievances associated with the civil works will follow the same procedure of communication where the complaint will be registered by the CLO or by contacting the dedicated landline established by the project. In considering that the Memorandum of Understanding (MOUs) or consents would have been already executed, this should already be a mitigation measure to avoid any significant grievances.

107. For all general GRM associated with the STP (and all sub components of the PVUDP) the following mechanisms will be used for all grievances (diagrammatically represented in Figure 4).

All minor land related grievances that can be resolved immediately on the site. Other land related grievances would be handled separately. The focus of the GRM is to resolve issues in a customarily appropriate fashion at the community level. Community concerns, complaints and grievances will be taken and registered into the Complaints log by the Contractor’s Community Liaison Officer (CLO). Should the CLO or an individual not be satisfied with any aspect of their communication in relation to issue on site, the matter will then be taken to the Resident Engineer. If the issue cannot be resolved by the Resident Engineer, then it will be referred to the Engineer or higher until the grievance is resolved. It is unlikely that non-land related grievances would progress beyond the Engineer level for resolution. Should a grievance proceed to the Employer level and resolution not be achieved at that level, then the Employer would have no option but to withdraw the Contractor from the site and for the grievance to be handled through legal processes. The Contractor will maintain a register of any community grievances and that register will record the grievance and the resolution measures taken. The register will be made available for inspection by any authorised representatives of the Employer. The Contractor will inform the Resident Engineer of all grievances received including those that have been resolved.

Resolution

No resolution

Individual or group

Community Liaison

Officer

Resident Engineer

Engineer

Employer



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Figure 4. General Grievance Mechanism Flow Chart for the PVUDP.

108. For the STP the following mechanisms will be used for all grievances;

a. For each site, a consent between VPMU and site stakeholders (including landholders if applicable) has been signed in which the stakeholders have agreed to the construction of the STP. Any minor land related grievances associated with the Contractor’s site operations are to be handled using the mechanism shown above. Any other land related grievances are not the responsibility of the Contractor, Field Superintendent or Engineer to resolve.

b. Land related grievances, other than minor grievances described above, will be managed in accordance with the Custom Land Management Act, Land Leases Act, Land Acquisition Act and Land Acquisition Act. The Act provides for the establishment of Customary Land Tribunals at village, custom level, sub-areas and higher levels and proscribes a dispute resolution process. The Act encourages parties involved in a customary land dispute to attempt first to resolve disputes in accordance with the rules of custom or in any other lawful way before taking the matter to a Tribunal. If a dispute has not been resolved by negotiation then the disputing parties can request the formation of a Village Land Tribunal, which will hear the dispute. Appeals are permitted at higher-level tribunals.

109. The following principals have been developed to ensure the successful GRM implementation, these include:

a. Mechanisms and procedures will provide for two-way communication;

b. Culturally and gender appropriate communication and consultation mechanisms will be used;

c. Existing communication methods will be used where they meet the individual communication needs;

d. The contracts for the rehabilitation and new STP will include Contractor obligations for communicating with project communities and stakeholders through a permanent CLO;

e. Complaints handling procedure will be established and will provide a process for dissatisfied complainants to take their complaints to a higher level;

f. Communication and consultation will be treated as a routine procedure; and

g. Communication procedures will be refined as necessary throughout the life of the STP sub project.



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6.2 Environmental Management Plan: Table 1 - EMP Mitigation Table (EmiT)

Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures

Location Time Frame Responsibility Implement-

ation

Supervision

1.0 PRE-CONSTRUCTION PERIOD

1.1 Development Consent and Permit Acquisition.

Consult VPMU and DEPC, submit SEMP STP and make development consent application under statutory process.

Approved EMP and any conditions of development consent are included in Contractors contract documents including: i) requirement for Contractor to seek approval

and update EMP if significant changes are made to original design,

ii) requirement for Contractor to prepare a CEMP (based on EMP) for approval beforecommencement of construction phase. The CEMP will demonstrate the manner (location, responsibilities, schedule/ timeframe, budget, etc.) in which the contractor will implement the mitigation measures specified in the EMP approved under MNRE development consent.

Disclose SEMP project documents including Communication plan and established GRM.

VPMU and DEPC Office

Once Contractor has been selected.

DSCD VPMU

1.2 Climate Change Adaptation Measures evaluated and incorporated into STP design.

Design criteria in respect to extreme weather events (e.g. cyclones, tsunami) resulting in flooding, strong winds.

Construction material used is salt water and tropical resistant, built to withstand high rainfall and practical for local conditions, including long term maintenance and cleaning.

VPMU and DEPC Office.

Civil design specifications in tender document & awarded contract.

DSCD VPMU, PWD



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

1.3 General ecological principles applied to design.

Ensure design takes into account minimal disturbance of surround ecosystems and sound management of wastes associated with the STP.


Incorporated into Engineer Design Documents

DSCD VPMU, PWD

1.4 Environmentally responsible procurement.

Specify in tender document qualified staffs are required to implement, manage, and monitor environmental and safety issues of the project.

EMP included in bid documents to ensure that mitigation measures are budgeted and to prepare the contractor for environmental responsibilities.

Contractor to submit site specific environmental management plan (CEMP) based on contractual EMP.


Specifications in tender document & awarded contract.

DSCD VPMU, PWD

1.5 Environmental capacity development.

DSCD to commit sufficient resources for project duration to oversee EMP implementation.

DSCD provide general training and awareness of safeguards requirements (e.g. workshops and on-the-job training).

Conduct contractor / workers’ orientation on EMP provisions.

DSCD and contractor.

Prior to start of site works and throughout construction phase.

DSCD and contractor

PWD

1.6 Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) measures not specified in Bid Documentation.

Inclusion of OH&S requirements in Bid Documentation including:

(i) Allocation of responsibility for safety inspections to a designated, qualified and experienced Health and Safety Officer (HSO) within the Contractor’s staff;

(ii) Training of workers on safety precautions, for themselves and others and for

STP work site and all associated work activities.

Prior to start of works program.

Project Contractor & DSCD

PWD



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

implementing emergency procedures; (iii) Provision of protective clothing and

equipment to workers as appropriate; (iv) Ensuring that vehicle and equipment

operators are properly licensed and trained; (v) Arranging for provision of first aid facilities; (vi) Emergency evacuation procedures; (vii) Provision for regular safety checks of

vehicles and material; (viii) Provision of hazard warning signs at the all

construction sites; and (ix) Requirement for the Contractor to maintain a

register of accidents detailing date, circumstances, severity, action taken and outcomes.

1.7 Potential risk of social disruption of waste disposal activities and interactions with community due to project of work.

Site office and works yard established in conjunction with PVMC to service STP.

Municipal and community protocols discussed/ agreed and all workers informed and aware as part of induction process.

Contractor responsible to ensure compliance of all workers to municipal and community rules and codes of conduct.

Appropriate signage and security in implemented at project sites.


Prior to start of works program.

Project Contractor & DSCD

PWD

1.8 Failure to brief, understand and train VPMU and Contractor(s) in EMP implementation.

EMP provided to DSCD within the STP SEMP. EMP included in contractors tender bid

documents. Workshop and information interactive

exchange opportunity delivered Information exchange

VPMU office Prior to start of works program.

DSCD PWD



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

1.9 Potential risks due to public not well informed on the Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) and how it is operated.

A stakeholder participatory meeting is required prior to commencement of work, to ensure business and general public are aware of the GRM and how it is operated.


Prior to start of works program

DSCD PWD

2.0 CONSTRUCTION PERIOD 2.1 Accident risks from mobilizing construction equipment.

To the extent possible, avoid the mobilization of heavy equipment’s at night.

All vehicle movements during standard daily working hours.

Over-width and over-length vehicles should display adequate warnings such as flashing lights, signs, and flags on extending parts of equipment.

Designated routes for construction vehicles, stakeholders informed, local speed limits and road rules adhered to.

Provision of signboards for the safe movement of the pedestrians.

Details of any necessary road or lane closure, diversion or deviations.

STP work site and all associated work locations.

Continuous during the Construction stage.

Contractor PWD,

Traffic Unit

of Vanuatu

Police

Force,

PVMC

Wardens

2.2 Accident risk from construction activity.

Safety awareness and education will be provided to

all workers and will include;

Warning and/or Precaution Signs on safety throughout the STP area.

Safety Helmets. Instruction on health and safety for the

workforce engaged in the construction. Establishment of all relevant safety measures



Contractor PWD,

Traffic Unit

of Vanuatu

Police

Force,

PVMC

Wardens



P a g e | 44

Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

required by GoV laws, donor agency and good engineering practices.

Provision and accessibility of first aid facilities at the construction sites.

2.3 Accidental damage to property.

Ensuring that all works operations take place in the presence of the Contractor’s Supervisor, who is responsible for ensuring all reasonable precautions are undertaken to prevent damage to property.

The contractor supervisor is fully aware of the STP GRM.



Contractor PWD,

Department

of Labour,

Traffic Unit

of Vanuatu

Police

Force,

PVMC

Wardens

2.4 Accidental damage to utilities

Obtaining plans from the PVMC and relevant government and public agencies showing the locations of pipelines and power cables, and mark prior to start of works program.

Consultation with local business on the location of utilities prior to commencing excavation operations.


Continuous but prior to the start of excavation works and during the Construction stage.

Contractor PWD,

Department

of Labour,

Traffic Unit

of Vanuatu

Police

Force,

PVMC

Wardens

2.5 Construction waste disposal and wastewater from construction site.

Preparation and implementation of waste management plan by contractor before start of work.

No waste should be dumped within the STP site;

Waste to be immediately removed from the STP site and disposed off at the projects dedicated and approved waste management



Contractor PWD,

DEPC,

Traffic Unit

of Vanuatu

Police

Force,



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

site. All wastewater is to be preventing as best as

possible from entering the adjacent terrestrial and coastal marine waters.

Siltation traps will be placed at the construction sites to regulate and manage wastewater sedimentation issues.

PVMC

Wardens.

2.6 Improper disposal of solid and liquid wastes.

Segregation of wastes shall be observed and provisions supplied (e.g. waste collection bins).

Organic (bio-degradable) waste material shall be collected and disposed of off-site by composting (burning allowed in designated land fill site in accordance with local regulations).

All non-hazardous wastes to be disposed off at the projects dedicated and approved waste management site.



Contractor PWD,

DEPC,

Traffic Unit

of Vanuatu

Police

Force,

PVMC

Wardens

2.7 Pollution due to use and storage of hazardous substances.

Hydrocarbon and toxic materials to be stored in adequately protected sites to prevent soil and water contamination, while vehicle maintenance and refuelling will be confined to areas in construction sites designed to contain spilled lubricants and fuels.

Fuel depot shall be provided with impervious flooring and bund/containment wall to keep spilled fuel/lubricant within the depot;

Used oil and other toxic and hazardous materials shall be disposed of in an authorized facility off-site.

Spill waste will be disposed at disposal sites



Contractor PWD,

DEPC,

Traffic Unit

of Vanuatu

Police

Force,

PVMC

Wardens.



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

approved by local authorities. All areas intended for storage of hazardous

materials will be quarantined and provided with adequate facilities to combat emergency situations complying all the applicable statutory stipulations.

The personnel in-charge of these sites will be properly trained and these areas will be access controlled and entry will be allowed only under authorization

2.8 Noise and Vibration.

Provide information to nearby residents about the duration of noise generating operations, especially traffic moving through communities.

Planning of construction operations to minimize public nuisance.

All construction vehicles and machinery to have working mufflers and they will be properly maintained and conform to GoV noise emission requirements.

Activities that will generate high noise levels will be scheduled to coincide with period when people are least likely to be affected.

All construction activities generating noise to be undertaken between the hours of 5 AM and 9 PM daily.

Enforcement of regulations subsequent to public awareness.



Contractor PWD,

PVMC,

DEPC,

Traffic Unit

of Vanuatu

Police

Force,

PVMC

Wardens

2.9 Dust and Air

Pollution.

Provide information to nearby community/residents about the duration of dust generating operations.

Maintain all construction vehicles to minimize toxic vehicle emission.



Contractor PWD,

DEPC,

Traffic Unit

of Vanuatu

Police



P a g e | 47

Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

Sprinkle water on the road surface to prevent dust emissions, is required.

Regular wetting or coverage of stockpiled material to ensure dust is not given off during windy conditions.

Prompt removal of waste material to reduce potential dust.

Force,

PVMC

Wardens.

2.10 Erosion and sediment control.

Storage and reuse of topsoil and stockpiles. Disposal of spoils off site. Coverage of all spoils at the site. Silt control, using sediment traps to collect and

prevent the distribution of materials during construction.

Vegetation disturbance/removal limited. Management of sediment laden water, when

required.


During the Construction stage.

Contractor PWD,

DEPC,

Traffic Unit

of Vanuatu

Police

Force,

PVMC

Wardens

2.11 Removal of vegetation.

Care needs to be exercised during construction to avoid physical damage to the existing trees outside the project site and below ground systems associated with STP to ensure survival.

Due diligence needs to be exercised in situations where practical root systems are required to be removed for construction and long term management of the STP.

If during contractors requires additional removal of trees and or root systems discussions and approval is required from the VPMU before work can be undertaken.


During the Construction stage.

Contractor PWD,

DEPC,

Traffic Unit

of Vanuatu

Police

Force,

PVMC

Wardens

2.12 Traffic

disruption during

Provide information to nearby community residents about the duration of traffic disruptions and

STP work site and all

Continuous during the

Contractor PWD,

DECP,



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

construction.

describe operations that will be undertaken. Employ “flag men” to regulate the traffic flow at

every construction area, if required. Minimise nuisance to daily activities within the

STP

associated work locations.

Construction stage.

Traffic Unit

of Vanuatu

Police

Force,

PVMC

Wardens

2.13 Minimize social and community impacts.

Methods of communication with key stakeholders, affected parties and the owners/occupiers of the neighbouring properties regarding the:

Likely timing and duration of work. Alternative routes. Access to properties.

Details of prior consultation and outline any measures developed with such group to manage or mitigate adverse effects.



Contractor PWD,

DEPC,

Traffic Unit

of Vanuatu

Police

Force,

PVMC

Wardens

2.14 Public Health

and Safety Risks.

Barriers (e.g., temporary fence) shall be installed at construction areas to deter accessif required.

The general public/local residents shall not be allowed in high-risk areas, e.g., excavation sites and areas where heavy equipment is in operation.



Contractor PWD,

DEPC,

Traffic Unit

of Vanuatu

Police

Force,

PVMC

Wardens

2.15 Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S).

Workers shall be provided with appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) such as safety shoes, hard hats, safety glasses, earplugs, gloves, etc.

The contractor shall orient workers on health and safety issues related to their activities as



Contractor PWD,

Department

of Labour,

Traffic Unit

of Vanuatu



P a g e | 49

Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

well as on the proper use of PPE. install channelling devices (e.g., traffic cones

and barrels) or fence to delineate the work zone.

Workers shall be provided with potable water supply.

Provision of distinguishing clothing or reflective devices or otherwise conspicuously visible material when there is regular exposure of workers to danger from moving vehicles.

Monitoring and control of the working environment and planning of safety and health precautions should be performed as prescribed by national laws and regulations.This includes;

Workers who have received appropriate training in accordance with national laws and regulations shall operate construction equipment.

The drivers and operators of vehicles and materials handling equipment shall be medically fit, trained and tested and of a prescribed minimum age as required by the government rules and regulation.

Safety provisions shall be brought to the notice of all concerned by displaying or notice board at a prominent place at the work locations.

The contractor shall be responsible for observance, by his sub-contractors, of all health and safety provisions.

The contractor should take adequate measures for the control of malaria and other

Police

Force,

PVMC

Wardens



P a g e | 50

Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

mosquito vector diseases. All vehicles used in the construction yard

should have reverse horns. There should be proper demarcation of work

areas with signage boards showing the work areas. The signboards should be in local language and English and/or French.

Suitable warning should be displayed at all places where contact with or proximity to electrical equipment can cause danger.

Persons having to operate electrical equipment should be fully instructed as to any possible danger of the equipment concerned. All the electrical equipment should be inspected before it is taken into use to ensure that it is suitable for its purpose.

Water transport tanks, storage tanks and dispensing container should be designed, used, cleaned and disinfected at suitable intervals in a manner approved by the competent authority.

Water that is unfit to drink should be conspicuously indicated by notices prohibiting workers from drinking it.

Secure storage areas should be provided for flammable liquids, solids and gases such as liquefied petroleum gas cylinder, paints and other such materials in order to deter trespassers.

Smoking should be strictly prohibited and no smoking notices be predominantly displayed in all places containing readily combustible or



P a g e | 51

Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

flammable materials Only suitably protected electrical installations

and equipment, including portable lamps, should be used.

Oil rags, waste and clothes or other substances liable to spontaneous ignition should be removed without delay to a safe place.

Fire-extinguishing equipment should be provided at construction camps, asphalt plants, storage areas for combustible materials and other areas where fire hazards are found. Such equipment shall be properly maintained and inspected at suitable intervals by a competent person.

2.16 Failure to prepare and submit monitoring reports.

The contractor(s) will be responsible for filing monthly monitoring checklist reports, defining the mitigative measures undertaken, issues arising and future activities-based on the EMP.

NA Within 1 week of each month

Contractor DSCD

3.0 OPERATION PERIOD 3.1 Management of road and drainage maintenance and cleaning.

Continue implementation of waste management plan,

All maintenance cleaning material stored in a secured covered regulated area.

Ensure protocols are in place to address potential accidental septic/sewage spillage/discharge and staff/community are suitable trained with correct equipment.

All maintenance work conducted according to pre-announced time schedule in consultation with key community stakeholders.

STP and associated roads &Drainage systems.

Quarterly PVMC PVMC, PWD

3.2 Health and Ensure correct OH&S procedures developed STP and When PVMC PVMC



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Environmental Issue

Project Activity

Mitigation Measures


ation

Supervision

safety risks associated with cleaning and removal of silt, oils and plastics from the drainage traps.

in the STP EMP are adopted and continued to be implemented during the operational phase, specifically including the maintenance and future repair activities of the roads and drainage systems.

Maintenance schedule is defined and costed to adequately cover the cost of maintenance is secured prior to the operation phase. Maintenance schedule should at least cover the operation life of the equipment.

associate roads & drainage systems.

Required. PWD PWD



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6.3 Environmental Management Plan: Table 2 - EMP Monitoring Table (EMoT)

Environmental Issue Monitoring Details Timing Executing Unit

Reporting Responsibility

1.0 PRE- CONSTRUCTION PERIOD 1.1 Development Consent and Permit Acquisition

Confirm with all stakeholders that permits and consent documentation has been acquired and received no later than 1 month before contractor mobilization

After the Contractor has been selected but before mobilization

DSCD

VPMU

1.2 Climate Change Adaptation Measures evaluated and incorporated into STP design.

Ensure that climate change adaptation measures are included in the STP design and reflected in the contractors tender bid documentation.

Prior to Commence ment of works

DSCD VPMU

1.3 General ecological principles applied to design.

Ensure that efforts have been made to reduce environmental impacts measures are included in the STP design and reflected in the contractors tender bid documentation.

Prior to Commencment of work

DSCD

VPMU

1.4 Environmentally responsible procurement.

Obtain written confirmation that environmentally responsible procurement measures are included in contract documentation and contractor has signed off.

Prior to commencement of work

DSCD VPMU

1.5 Environmental capacity development.

File a written record of the training session provided by DSCD for inclusion in the semi-annual report to ADB.


DSCD VPMU

1.6 Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S) measures not specified in Bid Documentation

Obtain written confirmation that OH&S measures are included in contract documentation and contractor has signed off.


DSCD VPMU

1.7 Potential risk of social disruption of Port Vila CBD activities and interactions with community due to project of work.

File meeting minutes of public consultation for submission to ADB in semi-annual monitoring report.


DSCD VPMU



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1.8 Failure to brief, understand and train VPMU and Contractor(s) in EMP implementation.

File a written record of the training session provided by DSCD for inclusion in the semi-annual report to ADB.

Within 3 weeks of commencement of construction

DSCD VPMU

1.9 Potential risks due to public not well informed on the Grievance Redress Mechanism (GRM) and how it is operated.

File meeting minutes of public consultation for submission to ADB in semi-annual monitoring report.


DSCD VPMU

2.0 CONSTRUCTION PERIOD 2.1 Accident risks from mobilizing construction equipment.

Visual inspection of project vehicles, access route, safety, hours of operation and conformity to EMP mitigation plan, records of non-compliance or grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.2 Accident risk from construction activity.

Visual inspection of project sites to ensure safety requirements (e.g. signage, safety gear, first aid), compliance to EMP and information exchanged, records of grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.3 Accidental damage to property.

Visual inspection of project sites, and records of grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.4 Accidental damage to utilities


Monthly, however important before construction initiated.

DSCD PWD



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2.5 Construction waste disposal and wastewater from construction site.

Visual inspection of waste within construction locations to ensure;

Waste management plan is used. Construction waste are collected, separated

and transported to approved land fill locations offsite,

No storage of waste on site, Sediment traps are in place managing

wastewater. Conformity to EMP mitigation plan, records of

non-compliance or grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.6 Improper disposal of solid and liquid wastes.


Waste management plan is used. Waste are collected, separated and

transported to approved land fill locations offsite,

No storage of waste on site, No spillage within site,

Conformity to EMP mitigation plan, records of non-compliance or grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.7 Pollution due to use and storage of hazardous substances.


Waste management plan is used. Waste are collected, separated and

transported to approved land fill locations offsite,

No storage of waste on site, No spillage within site,


Monthly DSCD PWD



P a g e | 56



2.8 Noises and Vibration.

Visual inspection of project sites, and records of grievance made and actions taken and conduct interviews with closest business to establish impacts and actions taken by contractor.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.9 Dusts and Air Pollution.


Monthly DSCD PWD

2.10 Erosion and sediment control.

Regular visual inspection of site for erosion and sediment issues and monitor;

Sediment pollution traps are in place managing wastewater.

Sediment collected are reused within the site or transported to approved landfill site.


Monthly DSCD PWD

2.11 Removal of vegetation. Visual inspection and document removal of trees/vegetation.

Visual inspection of accidental damage or panned removal of underground tree roots.

Ensure conformity to EMP mitigation plan, records of non-compliance or grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.12 Traffic disruption duringconstruction.

Visual inspection of project sites and roads used for transportation to ensure traffic is not congested, record grievance and ensure actions are undertaken. Liaise with stakeholders and community to highlight concerns and action required by the contractor to undertake.

Monthly DSCD PWD



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2.13 Minimize social and community impacts.

Regular informal and formal discussions with key stakeholders identify issues and/or grievance and address through positive actions.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.14 Public Health and

Safety Risks.

Visual inspection of project sites to ensure public access in the vicinity of the construction site is safe, requirements are clearly marked, accessible and readable. Record grievance and ensure actions are undertaken. Liaise with stakeholders and community to highlight concerns and action required by the contractor to undertake.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.15 Occupational Health and Safety (OH&S).

Ensure OH&S EMP requirements have been fully implemented and ensure compliance for all activities and personnel are maintained.

Ensure conformity to EMP mitigation plan, record issues of non-compliance or grievance made and actions taken.

Monthly DSCD PWD

2.16 Failure to prepare and submit monitoring reports.

Have available full record of monthly monitoring checklist reports.

Monthly from contractor

DSCD PWD

3.0 OPERATING PERIOD 3.1 Management of road and drainage maintenance and cleaning.

Continue implementation of a STP waste management plan based on a regular and planned maintenance schedule including protocols for the collection and safe management of different wastes products and emergence capability for hazardous wastes.

Ensure equipment is procured and maintained to ensure maintenance and cleaning operations can be undertaken.

Quarterly PWD PVMC

PWD, PVMC



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3.2 Health and safety risks associated with cleaning and removal of silt, oils and plastics from the drainage traps.

Ensure OH&S EMP requirements developed and implemented during the construction phase are adopted and continued to be used when maintenance work on the roads and drainage systems are undertaken. Full compliance should be maintained.

Ensure OH&S equipment required is procured ad used during all work activities.

During maintenance activities.

PWD PVMC

PWD, PVMC



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6.4 Reporting

110. The below schedule is proposed to be used by the Project to report on the activities undertaken within the STP sub-component. Reporting timelines will be finalised once the contractor has been selected and procedures have been met.

6.4.1 Construction Period Environmental Monitoring Report

111. The PVUDP will be submitting mandatory quarterly monitoring reports to the ADB, reporting on the EMP implementation and general environmental conditions as the construction progresses. It is expected that the DSCD will be reporting on a three monthly basis and these reports will be integrated into the PVUDP quarterly reports. Copies of these reports will also be submitted to the VPMU, MFEM, DECP and MIPU for their record and use, should they wish to conduct an audit. Reports will be submitted within two weeks of the end of each three-month period.

6.4.2 Operating Period Annual Environmental Monitoring Report

112. Once the project becomes operational, VPMU will also submit (document complied by the DSCD) annual environmental monitoring and compliance reports to ADB, reporting principally on the maintenance programme undertaken which ensures the long-term functions of the STP. Reports will be prepared for the first three years of operation and submitted to ADB. These reports will be prepared by the VPMU or a consultant retained by VPMU. Reports will be submitted within 4 weeks of the end of each monitoring year.

6.4.3 Contractor Monthly Monitoring Reports

113. Once the successful contractor has been appointed and at least one month before mobilization the DSCD will hold a 1 day briefing and workshop session to make clear the requirements of the EMP and the contractor’s responsibility. The monitoring and reporting requirements of the contractor will also be reviewed at this time.

114. Using the EMP tables presented here in, the contractor will be required to prepare a EMP implementation timetable, integrating the tasks defined in the EMP into the daily work schedule, referred to as the construction environmental work plan (CEWP). Secondly, the contractor will prepare a monitoring checklist and complete this monthly confirming actions taken according to the EMP. The checklist, accompanied by a set of photographs, will be submitted to the DSCD for use in the semi-annual monitoring report.

6.4.4 Construction Completion Report

115. Within three months of the end of the construction period, the contractor will be required to prepare a completion report, specifically addressing the handling and disposal of hazardous materials, construction wastes and overall management action undertaken for the project.



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7.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS

116. The SEMP concludes that there are no identifiable significant environmental impacts nor is the project deemed environmentally sensitive. The redevelopment of Port Vila’s STP will have a low environmental footprint and will result in a marked improvement to the services this facility provides to the communities and environment of Port Vila. Impacts arising from the construction and operation of the project are minor, localized, and are acceptable, providing that the set of mitigations measures set out in the EMP are incorporated in the design, implemented, and monitored properly. Key Impacts include;

a. The STP is located within the existing Bouffa Landfill Site that has been highly modified (cleared, filled) and does not support any terrestrial ecological or biological (flora or fauna) endemic, endangered or significant biodiversity;

b. The STP site does not have any freshwater (rivers, streams), forests or agricultural activities associated with the STP area of influence.

c. The STP site, during periods of excess rainfall, will not discharge effluent into nearby streams.

d. Impacts on this ecosystem (flora or fauna) are expected to be very minor.

e. The STP does not impact any terrestrial conservation and/or protected area, sites of cultural, customary or heritage significance nor any national or international endangered or protected species.

f. Due diligence and proactive management of all construction aspects of the STP will ensure limited disturbance to the daily waste disposal and sludge treatment activities undertaken in the Bouffa Landfill (e.g. traffic, dust), and the collection, storage and correct disposal of waste material generated during construction.

g. Vanuatu laws and regulations associated with labour, employment, Occupational Health & Safety (OH&S) will be adopted, enforced and monitored during all construction and monitoring activities associated with the project.

h. Climate change adaptation measures have been included in the STP design.

117. An EMP identifies potential environmental impacts arising from the project along with a corresponding schedule and monitoring of mitigation measures to ensure potential impacts are maintained at insignificant levels. It also includes the institutional arrangements for implementing the EMP to ensure its effectiveness.



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8.0 REFERENCES

ADB 2003. Environmental Assessment Guidelines. ADB Publication. 167p. ADB 2009. Safeguard Policy Statement. ADB Publication. 92p. Government of Vanuatu. 2002. Environmental Management and Conservation Act. Government of Vanuatu. 2011. Environmental Impact Assessment Regulations. PVUDP, June 2011, Initial Environmental Examination (IEE). PVUDP, August 2015. Initial Environmental Examination (IEE) Report Number 25 PVUDP, May 2014, Involuntary Resettlement Impacts on the STP (report 17). PVUDP, February 2015. “Septage Treatment Options Study and Final Design Report Number 5 PVUDP, August 2015. Proposed Septage Treatment Plan – Bouffa Landfill Site Resettlement Plan (Report Number 38)



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9.0 ANNEXES

Annex 1: PVUDP Proposed Septage Treatment Plan for the Bouffa landfill Site Resettlement Plan (PVUDP Document Number 38). Annex 2: PVUDP Septage Treatment Options Study and Final Design Report (PVUDP Document Number 5 Annex 3: STP Rapid Environment Assessment (REA) – Sewage Treatment Checklist. Annex 4: Threat Criteria and Consequence Scales STP Risk Management Framework. Annex 4a: PVUDP First Public Disclosure & Consultation Attendance Sheet and Summary Minutes – Bouffa STP. Annex 4b: PVUDP Second Public Disclosure & Consultation Attendance Sheet – Bouffa STP. Annex 4c: PVUDP Second Public Disclosure & Consultation Summary Meeting Notes – Bouffa STP. Annex 4d: List of National Stakeholder Consulted 2011 – 2014.


63

Annex 1: PVUDP proposed Septage Treatment Plan for the Bouffa landfill Site Resettlement Plan (PVUDP Document Number 38). REFER TO SEPARATE VOLUME


64

Annex 2: PVUDP Septage Treatment Options Study and Final Design Report (PVUDP Document Number 5. REFER TO SEPARATE VOLUME


65

ANNEX 3: STP Rapid Environment Assessment (REA) – Sewage Treatment Checklist.

Instructions:

This checklist is to be prepared to support the environmental classification of a project. It is to be attached to the environmental categorisation form that is to be prepared and submitted to the Chief Compliance Officer of the Regional and Sustainable Development Department.

This checklist is to be completed with the assistance of an Environmental Specialist in a Regional Department.

This checklist focuses on environmental issues and concerns. To ensure that social dimensions are adequately considered, refer also to ADB checklist and handbooks on (i) involuntary Resettlement, (ii) indigenous people planning, (iii) poverty reduction, (iv) participation, and (v) gender and development.

Answer the question assuming the “without mitigation” case. The purpose is to identify potential impacts. Use the “remarks” section to discuss any anticipated mitigation measures.

Country/Project Title: Vanuatu: Port Vila Urban Development Project

SCREENING QUESTIONS Y/N REMARKS A. Project Siting Is the Project area

Densely populated? N The project is located outside of the urban and peri-urban areas of Port Vila, Vanuatu largest town and is located within a designated landfill and waste treatment parcel of land managed by the Port Vila Municipal Council. The designated area does not have anyone living within its boundaries.

Heavy with development activities? N Development within the designated sites includes only those required by to manage the landfill site, including small buildings and equipment (earthmoving machinery).

Adjacent to or within any environmentally sensitive areas.

N The site is within a large municipal landfill and waste reception area that has been highlight modified for many years.

Cultural Heritage Site N

Protected Area N

Wetland N

Mangrove N

Estuarine N

Buffer Zone of Protected Area N

Special Area for Protecting Biodiversity

N

Bay N

B. Potential Environmental Impacts Will the project cause.


66

Impairment of historical/cultural monuments/areas and loss/damage to these sites?

N

The STP upgrade is not associated with any historic or cultural sites.

Interference with other utilities and blocking of access to buildings; nuisance to neighbouring areas due to noise, smell and influx of insects, rodents etc?

N The STP is located within a designated area and thus has no impact on urban and/or residential activities. The Upgrade of the existing STP and it management will contribute significantly a reduction to potential secondary side effects of its operation, resulting in an improved environment.

Dislocation or involuntary resettlement of people?

N Not associated with the STP.

Impairment of downstream water quality due to inadequate sewage treatment or release of untreated sewage?

N The redevelopment of the STP will strictly manage all sewage waste through their management systems preventing any potential surrounding leakage or contamination into the surrounding areas outside the scope of influence.

Overflows and flooding of neighbouring properties with raw sewage.

N The redevelopment of the STP has been designed and will be operated and managed correctly thus prevent the release of untreated sewage.

Environmental pollution due to inadequate septage disposal or industrial waste discharge illegally disposed in sewers?

N Correct management will prevent this.

Noise and Vibration due to blasting and other civil works?

Y Increased site-specific noise will result from construction activities and use of machinery. Very site specific, localized and short lived.

Discharge of hazardous material into sewers, resulting in damage to sewer system and danger workers.

N There is no discharge into any sewage system.

Inadequate buffer zone around pumping and treatment plants to alleviate noise and other possible nuisances, and protect facilities?

N The STP is located within the PVMC designated waste disposal land area and thus includes a significant buffer zone to prevent any negative impacts on the surrounding activities. No noise other nuisances are envisaged.

Social conflicts between construction workers from other areas and community workers?

N All work will be undertaken with the PVMC designated waste disposal land area, which excludes community’s interaction. Secondly the majority of construction workers will originate from the surrounding local communities and therefore no conflict perceived. Scope of works small and shorted lived.

Road blocking and temporary flooding due to land excavation during raining season?

N STP is not located nor associated with road systems and therefore have no impact on them. Excavation work not undertaken during the rainy season.

Noise and dust from construction activities?

Y Increased site-specific noise and dust will result from construction activities and use of machinery.

Traffic disturbance due to construction material transportation and wastes?

N Perceived as being very minor with all heavy machinery working within the Municipal guidelines (9pm to 5am).

Temporary silt runoff due to Y Perceived as being very minor and site specific. Only


67

construction? associated with the new STP not rehabilitation of existing sites.

Hazards to public health due to overflow flooding, and groundwater pollution due to failure of sewage system?

N The projects design and correct management will prevent this.

Deterioration of water quality due to inadequate septage disposal or direct discharge sewage water?


Contamination of surface and ground waters due to septage disposal on land?


Health and safety hazards to workers from toxic gases and hazardous material which maybe contained in sewage flow and exposure to pathogens in sewage and septage?



68

ANNEX 4: Threat Criteria and Consequence Scales STP Risk Management Framework.

Identification of Risk The risks identified for the subproject have been identified through the REA. Identified risks detailed in the REA and key environmental impact that related to site construction and operation are the only risks are evaluated for this project. Other potential risks that were deemed not relevant to the project and score zero environmental impact risk rating have not been included. Risk Analysis An important feature is the recognition of the fact that an event’s consequence extends beyond the environment. This methodology ensures that the full consequences of events are visible to risk owners and managers, and that community effects are considered, understood and treated. Each class of consequence is rated a score of 0-5. An analysis of each risk is undertaken to determine an environmental event’s likelihood of occurrence and its consequences. A five-level qualitative description of the likelihood and consequences for each risk enables a semi-quantitative method to be used to calculate a ‘score’ for each risk.

Consequence of Likelihood Definitions for Consequences and Likelihood are shown in the tables below.

Calculation of Risk Level Two levels of risk are used: The Primary Risk Level (PRL) is a conservative measure of risk, based on the most severe consequences across all the relevant criteria. PRL is calculated according to the equation: Primary Risk Level (PRL) = Likelihood Rating X Maximum Consequence Rating. The Secondary Risk Level (SRL) is a less conservative measure of risk, which incorporates all relevant criteria, not just the most severe ones. SRL is calculated according to the equation: Secondary Risk Level (SRL) = Likelihood Rating X Average Consequence Rating. In most circumstances PRL should be the preferred measure, as it is more conservative. Risk scores are banded into risk levels which provide a ‘plain English’ view of the risk. Scores will always be visible to enable prioritisation within bands. The bands, their threshold values and indicative management action and detailed below. Selection and Application of Controls Two levels of controls can be applied: Standard Controls are the inherent set of controls set out initially in the IEE, The Additional Controls are applied in case where the Expected Residual Risk is above a set limit.


69

Determination of Mitigation Measures Following the analysis of a risk it is necessary to investigate the options available for risk treatment and then determine the option that provides the greatest cost benefit. Risks may be treated in one or a combination of ways: a) Avoiding a risk by preventing the activity that leads to the risk eventuating; b) Reducing the likelihood of the risk eventuating; c) Reducing the consequences if the risk does eventuate; d) Transfer the risk; e) Retaining the risk. Risk Management Framework

Environmental

Aspect Description of Risk

Consequence

Rating

Likelihoo

d

Risk Level Controls Mitigation

Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments

Maximum Average High

(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 6.3

– 6.10

Based on

successful

control

Environmental Impacts Associated with the Existing Site Location of the PVUDP Scope of Works

Site close to or adjacent to any environmentally sensitive areas

No terrestrial nor marine sensitive areas within project area of influence.

Therefore Risk is non existent associated with the environmental sensitive areas,

No environmental impacts.

0 0 0 0 0 N/A N/A N/A No impacts at all

Environmental Impacts Associated with the Construction of the STP Scope of Works

Site contamination – land based hazardous materials used on site.

Hazardous substances (petrochemicals) sequestered in rock and/or soil, possible but unlikely.

Possible soil contamination at

2 1 1 2

Very Low

Risk

1

Very

Low

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

Audit

6.3, 6.7 Low Risk Additional control

provided by DEPC by

Auditing the project site

on regular schedule (e.g.

monthly). Expect a

residual low risk level.


70

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihoo

d


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 6.3

– 6.10

Based on

successful

control

sewage disposal site – contamination from sewage due to land use. Will remain but risk low and minor managed correctly.

Site contamination – land based hazardous material off site

Hazardous substances transported to site from landfill material (rock, soil), very limited and unlikely.

Landfill transported to site from regulated/ permitted quarry site –

Potential risk unlikely, very minor if any environmental impact.

1 1 1 1

Very Low

Risk

1

Very

Low

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

6.3, 6.7 Very Low

Risk

No change.

Most material used

located within site

Site Contamination - construction material

Construction material used during sewage and settlement pond development, access roads (gravel) - including limestone aggregates, sand, cement and steel.

Construction material acquired from existing

2 1 3 6

Medium

Risk

3

Low

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

6.7 Low Risk Low Risk level expected

with Standard Controls.


71

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihoo

d


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 6.3

– 6.10

Based on

successful

control

permitted sources. Reuse & recycle

construction material to reduce wastage and improve sustainability.

Potential risk very minor if managed correctly.

Site Contamination – Spoil and waste Disposal

Construction material disposed of in existing permitted locations.

Reuse & recycle construction material to reduce wastage and improve sustainability.

Potential risk very minor if managed correctly.

2 1 2 4

Low Risk

3

Low

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

6.3, 6.7 Low Risk No change

Site contamination - Fresh Water quality – turbidity & pollution

Very limited freshwater associated with the site

Storm water volume and sediment load potential to increase during construction phase.

Pollutants entering freshwater lenses

1 1 3 3

Low Risk

3

Low

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

6.6 Low Risk No change


72

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihoo

d


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 6.3

– 6.10

Based on

successful

control

very low as water depth 40m deep.

All water run off confined to site location – controlled through bunds.

Sediment traps to be used if required – construction outside rain season

Potential risk low if managed correctly.

Flora – terrestrial vegetation removal.

Very few trees and native vegetation to be removed

Site vegetation removed, limited to small area and small volume, predominately non-endemic grass and weeds.

All cleared land and constructed bunds to be top dressed after construction.

Potential risk low, very site specific and minor if any environmental impact.

1 1 5 5

Medium

Risk

5

Medium

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

6.3 Low Risk Potential low risk provided

standard controls applied.

Noise and Vibration _ Construction

Increase ambient noise level and ground vibration will

1 1 5 5 5

Medium

EMP 6.5, 6.9 Low Risk Risk can be reduced to

low, is standard controls


73

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihoo

d


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 6.3

– 6.10

Based on

successful

control

period. occur during construction due to transportation of materials and construction machinery.

Restricted to 9pm to 5am daily and due diligence relating to noise suppression through maintenance of vehicles and machinery.

No communities or business in close proximity – no impact expected.

Potential risk low, very minor if any environmental impact.

Medium

Risk

Risk SEMP

CEMP

are used.

Air Pollution – Construction period.

Increase ambient dust level and pollution will occur during construction due to transportation of materials (to and within site), surface removal and pond construction and use of construction machinery.

Restricted to 9pm to 5am daily and due

1 1 5 5

Medium

Risk

5

Medium

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

6.4, 6.9 Low Risk Risk can be reduced to

low, is standard controls

are used.


74

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihoo

d


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 6.3

– 6.10

Based on

successful

control

diligence using water suppression and covering of construction material during period of hot, dry and windy conditions.

Potential risk low, very minor if any environmental impact.

Site Contamination – Acid Sulfate soils

Soils containing iron sulphides may be exposed during construction (pond, road etc) resulting in acid leaching.

Any leaching will be minor, contained on site, potential leaching into water table very unlikely.

Potential risk unlikely, very minor and site specific if present.

1 1 1 1

Very Low

Risk

1

Very

Low

Risk

EMP

SEMP

CEMP

6.8 Very Low

Risk

No Change

Environmental Impacts Associated with the Operation of the STP Scope of Works

Cleaning and maintenance activities of the sewage

All work undertaken on site – no impact on the surrounding communities.

Potential increase in

1 1 2 2

Low Risk

2

Low

Risk

CAM

EMP

SEMP

6.3, 6.7 Low Risk No change


75

Environmental


Consequence

Rating

Likelihoo

d


Measures

Expected

Residual

Risk

Comments


(PRL)

Average

(SRL)

Standard/

Additional

Refer to

Section 6.3

– 6.10

Based on

successful

control

treatment plant ambient dust (air pollution) levels occurring during movement of waste products on site (truck, bull dozers etc). Use of water suppression and coverage of material moved.

Potential increase in noise level when machinery is used – restricted to p.m. – am daily.

Potential low risk, very minor if any environmental impact.

CEMP


76

Threat Criteria and Consequence Scales Rating Capability CSF

Mission

Environment Community CSF

Sustainability

Safety

(Staff CSF Public)

Compliance CSF

Reputation

Financial 5

Cata

str

op

hic

All activities cease. No

resumption for at least

12 months. Major

unacceptable delays in

delivery of capability

occurring at critical

times. Unable to

conduct missions.

Failure to achieve

critical performance

goals.

A long term

environmental harm.

Permanent irreparable

damage is caused to

the environment.

Significant, extensive,

detrimental long-term

impacts on the community

or public health. Irreparable

damage to highly valued

structures or locations of

cultural significance or

sacred value. Permanent

and significant loss of

scarce environmental

resources.

Multiple fatalities,

large number of major

injuries or

occupational illness

(acute or chronic).

Public exposed to a

severe, adverse long-

term health impact or

life-threatening

hazard.

Sustained detrimental

national or state media

reports. Subject of

parliamentary committee

hearing. Sustained

community outrage.

Potential large-scale class

action or prosecution with

significant fine or

imprisonment.

Extreme

financial loss

(>$10m) to

remedy.

4

Majo

r

All normal activities

curtailed. No

resumption of normal

activities for between 6

- 12 months. Major

delays of capability

delivery but at non-

critical times. Unable to

conduct missions.

Failure to achieve

some performance

targets.

Significant

environmental damage

with widespread

impacts. Damage may

be permanent.

Significant detrimental

impacts on the community

or public health. Major

damage to highly valued



sacred value. Significant

loss of scarce

environmental resources.

Single fatality or

serious non-

recoverable injury,

several major injuries.

Permanent

disablement. Public

exposed to a hazard

that could cause

injuries or moderate

adverse health effects.

Numerous detrimental

national or state media

reports. Subject of a

number of parliamentary

questions or ministerial.

Organised community

concern. High profile legal

challenge or prosecution

with heavy fine.

Major

financial loss

($0.5-10m) to

remedy.

3

Mo

de

rate

Most activities affected.

No resumption of

normal activities for up

to 6 months. Significant

delays resulting in

some reduction in

performance.

Moderate violation of

regulation or guideline

with moderate damage

to the environment and

significant clean-up

cost.

Detrimental impacts on the

community or public health.

Damage to valued



sacred value. Loss of

scarce environmental

resources.

A number of safety

incidents requiring

treatment by a

physician. Exposure of

public to a hazard that

could cause minor

injuries or minor

adverse health effects.

Illness requiring

treatment.

Detrimental national or

state media reports.

Subject of parliamentary

questions or ministerial.

Community concerns and

complaints. Some legal

constraints imposed

minimal fine.

Moderate

financial loss

($0.05-0.5m)

to remedy.


77

2

Min

or

Modification to planned

activities can be

expected. Minor delays.

Minor performance

degradation.

Minor violation of

regulation or guideline

with minimal damage

to the environment and

small clean up.

Immediately contained

on-site.

Minor impact on the

community or public health.

Minor damage to valued



sacred value. Minor loss of


A number of safety

incidents requiring

treatment by a

qualified first aid

person. Exposure of

public to a hazard that

does not cause injury

or affect health

adversely.

Detrimental local media

reports. Subject of local

government action.

Random substantiated

complaints from the

community. Minor

technical legal challenge

or breach.

Minor

financial loss

($0.005-

0.05m) to

remedy.

1

Insig

nif

ican

t

Some minor

modification to planned

activities may be

necessary. Insignificant

delays. Negligible

performance impact.

Negligible release or

damage that is

contained on-site and

is non-reportable. The

damage is fully

recoverable with no

permanent impact on

the environment.

Negligible social impact.

Negligible damage to

valued structures or

locations of cultural

significance or sacred

value. Negligible loss of


Minor of safety

incidents only.

Negligible impact on

staff or the public. No

lost work time.

Possibility of detrimental

local media reports. Trivial

substantiated complaints

from the community.

Negligible legal impact or

breach.

Insignificant

financial loss

(<$0.005m)

to remedy.

0

Nil

No impact on

schedules.

No environmental

impact.

No social impact, damage

to valued structures or

locations of cultural

significance or sacred

value or loss of


No incidents. No impact. No cost

impact.

Likelihood Table Rating LIKELIHOOD

The potential for risks to occur and lead to the assessed consequences 5 Almost

certain

Very high, may occur at least

several times per year

Probability over 0.8 A similar outcome has arisen several times per

year in the same location, operation or activity

4 Likely High, may arise about once per

year

Probability 0.5 - 0.8 A similar outcome has arisen several times per

year in Defence

3 Possible Possible, may arise about once in a

one to ten year period

Probability 0.1 - 0.5 A similar outcome has arisen at some time

previously in Defence

2 Unlikely Not impossible, likely to occur

during the next ten to twenty-five

years

Probability 0.04 - 0.1 A similar outcome has arisen at some time

previously in Defence, but action has been

taken to reduce the chance of recurrence


78

1 Rare Very low, very unlikely during the

next twenty-five years

Probability less than

0.04

A similar outcome has arisen worldwide.

Risk levels and Management Action (example) Risk Level (PRL or SRL)

Descriptor Indicative Management Action

16-25 Extreme Immediate action required, senior management will be involved

9-15.9 High Senior management attention needed and management responsibilities specified for

further action

4-8.9 Medium Manage by specific monitoring or response procedures, develop more detailed actions

as resources allow

1-3.9 Low Manage by routine procedures, unlikely to need specific application of resources


79


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ANNEX 4a: PVUDP First Public Disclosure & Consultation Attendance Sheet and Summary Minutes – Bouffa STP.

Date: 12 March 2015.

Location: Etas Elang Community .

Agenda: To discuss the Bouffa Sludge Treat Plant, a subproject component of the Port Vila Urban

Development Project (PVUDP)

Attendees:

NAME ADDRESS OCCUPATION

1 Chief Seule Jack Etas Elang (Bouffa) Gardener/Resident 2 Assistant Chief Hubert

Mertely “ “

3 Allan Obed “ “ 4 Robert Iawiman “ “ 5 John Willie “ “ 6 Andrew Mark “ “ 7 Api Kalo “ “ 8 Stephen Tonge “ “ 9 Amos Mathias PVMC Bouffa Landfill Site Manager 10 Phillip Firiam PVUDP Project Engineer/Surveyor 11 Ernest Bani PVUDP Environmental/Resettlement

Specialist

The meeting started at 2.15 pm. Ernest Bani, PVUDP Environmentalist and Resettlement Specialist welcomed everyone who were present and thank them for making the time to attend the meeting. He summarised the meeting rationale and objectives. The meeting was prompted by Output 2 of the PVUDP: Government has improved the sanitation system in greater Port Vila. The component is to improve the disposal and treatment of sludge from domestic and commercial septic tanks by (i) improving the management of the privately operated sludge collection and disposal system and (ii) construction of a sludge treatment plant (STP) and disposal facility. Due to the various subsistence/commercial gardening activities happening on and around the Bouffa Landfill site, it is important that the farmers are aware about the proposed STP component and for PVUDP team to share information on time frame and works to be happening. Stephen Tonge, a subsistence farmer from Etas Elang made a brief response by thanking the

PVUDP Team for organizing the meeting and for providing update information about the proposal

to construct the STP at the Bouffa Landfill site. He confirmed at the meeting that they are

awareness that they are planting their crops illegally and that they were fully aware that one day

they will have to move out from the Bouffa Landfill. They are fully aware that their activities within

the legal lease of the PVMC Bouffa Landfill are only temporary. He also confirmed that the current

gardening activities on site are temporary and they are ready to stop planting anytime if the PVMC

Bouffa Landfill Site Manager ask them to stop.


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Robert Iawiman, a representative of Tanna Community also reconfirmed that they are fully aware

about the status of the land and they will stop planting in the area as soon as they are informed

about works to be happening on site.

Assistant Chief Hubert Mertely on behalf of all the island communities at Etas Elang (Bouffa), he

expressed his appreciation to the PVUDP Team members for the update information. He said they

have been told about this by the PVMC. He continued by saying that they will not resist to

abundant their gardens when asked to vacate, as they do not have legal rights to the land. They

will harvest whatever is ready to be harvested and ask his people to stop planting any new crops

on site.

Ernest emphasized that it is very important that the representatives of the different island

communities communicate the information to their people. The PVMC will also be informed

accordingly about the likely date of construction of the STP so that the people are notified.

Action points: o PVUDP will continue to keep all the stakeholders informed about the work

schedules and timelines for the projects happening at the Bouffa Sludge Treatment Site. The meeting came to an end at 15:30pm.

Figure 1: PVUDP Environmental & Resettlement Specialist pointing to the location of the proposed STP.


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Figure 2: Island Community Representatives, Stephen Tonge (front) and Robert Lawiman (in white) contributing to the discussion

Figure 3: Assistant Chief Hubert Mertely confirming their preparedness to stop using the land for cropping when notice is served by the PVMC.


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ANNEX 4b: PVUDP Second Public Disclosure & Consultation Attendance Sheet – Bouffa STP.

Date: 22 April 2015.

Location: Assembly of God Church Yard, Etas Elang.

NAME ADDRESS OCCUPATION MALE (M) FEMALE (F)

Etas Elandg Community Representatives 1 Ps. Nehemiah Revival Church Pastor/Chairman, Disaster

Committee M

2 Jack Nauai “ Farmer M 3 Salome Settler (Etas) “ F 4 Lio “ “ “ 5 Anna “ House wife F 6 Suzanne “ “ F 7 Jennifer Joseph “ “ F 8 Marie “ “ F 9 Nelly “ “ F 10 Loloma Obed “ “/Farmer F 11 Katanie Kalran “ Farmer M 12 Stephen Tonge “ “ M 13 Janet James “ Housewife F

14 Sue Wawa “ “ “ 15 M.Purre “ Farmer/Settler M 16 Magret “ “ M 17 Lucy Edmond “ “ M 18 Alice Tari “ Settler/Housewife F 19 Micheline Tari “ “ F 20 Raeleen “ “ “ 21 Alice “ “ “ 22 Suvira “ “ “ 23 Jacklyn George “ “/Farmer M 24 Enna “ Settler/Housewife F 25 Christie “ “ F 26 Anna Kombe “ “ F 27 Nathaniel Wareat “ Settler M 28 Emillie Wareat “ “ F 29 Hanna Maurice “ “ F 30 Marie Chanel “ “ F 31 Samson “ “ M 32 Iata Andrew Etas Settler M 33 George Tama “ “ M 34 George Nako “ “ “ 35 Samuel Zecharia “ “ “ 36 Abel Neiboro “ “ “ 37 John Willy “ “ “ 38 John Kehap “ “ “ 39 Simeon Howen “ “ “ 40 Daniel “ “ “ 41 Bob-Naulen “ “ “


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42 Bal Howen “ “ “ 43 Robert Kori “ “ “ 44 Paul Koei “ “ “ 45 Harry Koly “ “ “ 46 John Nagiha “ “ “ 47 Jackie Tom “ “ “ 48 Rennie Mark “ “ “ 49 John Mauman “ “ “ 50 Wilson Johnas “ “ “ 51 Warry Philip “ “ “ Port Vila Municipal Council

Representatives

52 Ronald Sandy PVMC Town Clerk M 53 Roger Tari PVMC Sanitation Manager M 54 Amos Mathias PVMC Bouffa Landfill Manager M PVUDP Representatives 55 Ernest Bani PVUDP Deputy Team Leader M 56 Hannington Alatoa PVUDP Community Liaison

Specialist M

57 Daisy Warsal PVUDP Gender Participation Specialist

F

VPMU Representative

58 Catherine Malosu VPMU Environment & Social Officer

F


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ANNEX 4c: PVUDP Second Public Disclosure & Consultation Summary Meeting Notes – Bouffa STP.

Date: 22 April 2015.

Location: Assembly of God Church Yard, Etas Elang.

Agenda Items:

Acknowledgement, cooperation, mutual understanding

The proposed site of the Sludge Treatment Plant (STP)

Gardens on the proposed site of the STP

Formation of a committee to liaise with the Port Vila Municipality on the Bouffa Landfill

development activities

A quick meeting was called and convened at a church building at the Bouffa Landfill, many chiefs,

women, children, VPMU and PVUDP and the Municipal staff attended

The meeting opened by Pastor Nehemiah Martin of the Renewal Church with a prayer

Roger Tarry introduced the meeting and invited the Town Clerk (Ronald Sandy) spoke at length,

acknowledging the Etas Community for their support, cooperation and mutual understanding of the

issues they all confront in their everyday living in Etas.

He alluded everyone present about a recent statement made by a child in the media that: ‘Mani I

stap long toti, mo toti hemi stap lo mani’. He acknowledged the initiative (separation of rubbish into

3 categories) taken by the community.

Town Clerk said that if people are able to derive economic benefit from the Rubbish dump, they

should all be ready to contribute more in future development of the Bouffa Landfill especially with

the upcoming STP project. The Clerk said that the need for people to move gardens from the

project site cannot just be evicted and abundant, but that the PVMC will do all it is capable of

doing, to ensure there is minimum disruption to their livelihood. A solution must be found quickly as

the government is now in its final stages of the designs and implementation of the STP.

Before he finished, mentioned the PVUDP, especially the community about the STP, saying that

such project aims at improving the health status of not only the people of Port Vila, but also Etas

and Efate as a whole. He invited the etas Community to consider forming a committee which will

act as a reference point between the various stakeholders, especially the Clerk and his staff @ the

PVMC.

Roger invited Ernest Bani to talk about the PVUDP and especially the STP and how such a project

would need the participation of the Etas community, especially for those who currently use a

certain land area within the landfill for gardening. He stressed that the issue at hand is that of the

PVMC and the Etas Community.


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Following a short brief by Ernest, Roger asked the people at the meeting to consider how best they

should form the committee. One of their chiefs, (Samuel) stood up and thanked the Municipal

representatives and the PVUDP staff for the meeting, acknowledging and pledging that community

is ready to participate in activities that will improve both sanitation and health standards of the Etas

Community. He also assured everyone present that they community will ensure that the committee

is formed and the names of members will be submitted to the Clerk thereafter.

Then Pastor Nehemiah Martin spoke in support of the contributions from other speakers, and

adding that the STP and associated activities would contribute and provide opportunities for the

Etas community in training, education and employment. It would benefit the people of Etas in many

other ways, and it requires respect and transparent action on the part of everyone. His committee

supports the project and he looks forward to closer cooperation between and amongst all key

stakeholders.

The meeting ended at around 11am and Roger invited the Pastor to close with a prayer, after

which everyone shook hands with the project team and we headed back to Port Vila.

Present at the Etas Community Meeting.

Catherine Malosu (VPMU) Daisy Warsal (PVUDP) Ernest Bani (PVUDP) Hannington Alatoa (PVUDP) RogerTarry (PVMC) Rolland Sandy (Clerk, PVMC)

Notes by: Hannington Alatoa 22/04/15


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ANNEX 4d. List of National Stakeholder Consulted 2011 – 2014.

Name Title Agency Mr. Albert Williams Director Department of Environmental Protection and

Conservation. Ms. Touasi Tiwok Senior Principal Officer Department of Environmental Protection and

Conservation. Mr. Trinison Tari Senior Education &

Information Officer Department of Environmental Protection and Conservation.

Mr. Livo Mele Acting Director General Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry & Fisheries. Mr. Moses Amos Director Department of Fisheries Mr. Sompert Gereva Fisheries Biologist Department of Fisheries Mr.Erickson Sammy Hydrogeologist Department of Geology, Mines & Water

Resources Mr. Morris Stephen Senior Water Technician Department of Geology, Mines & Water

Resources Mr. Jerry Sampson Physical Planner Department of Local Authorities - Physical

Planning Unit Mr. Salesa Nihmei Manage, Climate &

Services Vanuatu Meteorological Service

Mr. Paul Gambetta Senior Cartographer Department of Lands Mr. George Borugu Director Department of Tourism Mr. Job Esau Wate Director Natural Disaster Management Office Mr. Francis Hickey Coordinator, Traditional

Resource Management Program

Vanuatu Cultural Centre

Mr. Richard Shin Resident Archaeologist Vanuatu Cultural Centre Mr. Andre Latipu Acting Director Department of Public Works Ms. Uravo Nafuki Environmental & Social

Impact Officer Engineering Support Unit

Department of Public Works

Mr.Ernest Lekelowia Assistant Secretary General

Shefa Provincial Government

Ms. Emil Mael Physical Planner Shefa Provincial Government – Physical Planning Unit

Ms. Shirley Laban Environmental Health Officer

Environmental Health Section

Mr. Pokoa Rarua Environmental Health Officer

Environmental Health Section

Mr. Austin Leo Maintenance Officer Wastewater Treatment Plant, Vila Central Hospital

Ms. Anthea Toka Secretary General Vanuatu Association of NGOs (VANGO) Dr. Chris Bartlett Climate Change Technical

Advisor to Vanuatu GTZ Pacific Island Regional Program Adaption to Climate Change

Mr. Peter Kelly Transport Sector Coordinator

AusAID

Mr. Marc Leopold Fisheries Scientist Institue de Recherche por le development (IRD) Ms.Sarah Mecartney Pacific Habitat Program

Manager UN Habitat

Ms. Angelika Planitz Sub regional Coordinator Pacific

UN International Strategy for Disaster Reduction

Mr. Michael Poustie PhD candidate and Researcher Water Quality

Monash University Australia


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Mr. Paul Smith General Manager Vanuatu Abattoirs Limited Mr. John Urvaru Chief Engineer Le Lagon Resort Mr. Wilson Aru Chief Engineer Palms Resort Ms. Katie Thomson Volunteer US Peace Corps - Reef Check Program


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