Porous Polymers with their synthesis

1M.Ali Asghar& M.Hammad Saeed

M.Ali Asghar& M.Hammad Saeed 2

POROUS POLYMERS BY

Muhammad Ali Asghar&

Muhammad Hamad Saeed


CONTENTIntroductionMorphologyTypesPropertiesSynthesisApplicationquestions


INTRODUCTION

Surfaces having pores and cavitiesFor example: Ceramics, Foamsporous polymers have pores on the surface

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MORPHOLOGY OF POROUS POLYMERS

MorphologyThe study of shape, size, texture and phase distribution of physical objects.

Gels, Sorbents & porous polymer

Pores and cavities on the surface, formed by the cross linking or

M.Ali Asghar& M.Hammad Saeed


POROUS POLYMERS

Types of porous polymers Micro porousMacro porousHigh internal phase emulsion (HIPE)


MICRO POROUS POLYMERS

Cross linking of linear chainsResults by Co-polymerization Create small pores with in3-D matrix (gel)Soft and compress able at high pressurePore size is usually less than 30 angstrom Pore distribution is uniform


MACRO POROUS POLYMERS

High degree of cross liking Pores are larger than gelTotal pore volume 50% pores are formed independent of polymerizationPores ranges from 30 to 100 angstrom Pores are larger than gels but irregular


HIGH INTERNAL PHASE EMULSION (HIPE)

Pore volume can be 70% to 90%Micro size pores or cavities are formed instead of angstrom pores.Ranges from 1 to 50 micro meters


PROPERTIES Following properties will effect the morphology of porous polymers

Phase volume densitysurface area cavity sizeReactivityLiquid uptake


SYNTHESIS Micro porous polymers:Co-polymerization of styrene & divinylbenzene (DVB)size of the pores depend on the degree of cross linking As the percentage of DVB and degree of cross linking decreases, size of pores increases.


MACRO POROUS POLYMERPolymerization takes place in the presence of “porogens”.Thus, as polymerization proceeds, pores are formed in the spaces where porogens are found. Pore diameters are typically greater than 50 Å.


PREPARATION OF HIPE

HIPE structures are formed when an oil, water and suitable emulsifier are mixed with agitation.

The water becomes dispersed in the oil phase and as its concentration increases the consistency of the mixture changes to a thick liquid.

This resulting substance is the high internal phase emulsion and is quite stable sphere like structure.


APPLICATIONSCatalysts:As it is understood porous polymers have large surface area, which enhance the availability of reactivity sites. This makes these materials reactive

Hence if we attach the catalysts on with the surfaces of these polymers,

catalysts gets more chance to react


VACCINES PREPARATION

Porous polymers provide a culture for the preparation of vaccines

In image the person is holding a cancer vaccine.

Porous polymers provide space to keep the viruses and cells and to treat them.


CHROMATOGRAPHY

Porous polymers are used for chromatography materials.As porous texture supports the capillary action hence it will support the chromatography


OIL SPILL CONTROL

Porous polymers are used to control oil spill as they are powder polymers with ability to absorb the oil from water and form a gel and float on water

23M.Ali Asghar& M.Hammad Saeed

Porous Polymers with their synthesis

Engineering

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