Population Distribution & Environmental Issues. Desalination Water Pollution Desertification.
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Transcript of Population Distribution & Environmental Issues. Desalination Water Pollution Desertification.
MIDDLE EAST – HUMAN-ENVIRONMENT
INTERACTION
Population Distribution & Environmental Issues
WORDS TO KNOW
Desalination Water Pollution Desertification
MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES
Water Supply Very limited in Middle East
Many countries must use desalination to get drinking water
Process of removing salt from salt water to make it okay for drinking and farming
Few rivers in the area Tigris, Euphrates, Jordan and Nile rivers Used for drinking water and generate power
If you don’t have a river in your region, you must find alternate methods for drinking water and power.
MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES Rights to Water Supply
Disputes over rights to water supply and other natural resources in the region
Water rights Agreements about how countries can use the
water in a region.
MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES Israel, Jordan and
Palestinians Rely on the same scarce
water supply on the West Bank
Israel has the most power – so they have the ability to claim more water.
What happens if they build a dam?
Recycle the water so many people have access to water without a major shortage
MAJOR ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES Water Pollution
Port cities Ports make it easier to ship things Water is often polluted by the shipping
industry
Oil is the main export Oil spills are one of the main causes for
water pollution in the Persian Gulf
SUMMARIZING STRATEGY – THINK, PAIR, SHARE
How does a limited supply of water affect how nations treat each other?
Does the Middle East suffer from a small amount of water supply, unequal distribution of water, or both? Why???
How has water rights caused conflict in the Middle East?
DESERTIFICATION
The process of land turning to desert
ACCORDING TO RECENT STUDIES
the desert is making a comeback in the Middle East, with fertile lands turning into barren wastes that could further destabilize the area, according to a recent AFP report
OIL DISTRIBUTION – WORLD
OIL DISTRIBUTION – MIDDLE EAST
OIL DISTRIBUTION
OIL DISTRIBUTION
World’s largest source of oil - Persian Gulf Pollution issues – air and water
Damage to refineries during war Not repairing damages
Pollution was a strategy used during war Dumped oil into Persian Gulf Burned oil wells to prevent USA from gaining control
Lack of water supply makes the pollution issue even bigger.
OIL DISTRIBUTION
How does oil distribution impact the development of countries with and without oil? Standard of Living - GDP Literacy Rate
STANDARD OF LIVING – AVERAGE INCOME
LITERACY RATE
SUMMARIZING ACTIVITY – THINK-PAIR-SHARE
If a country does not have oil fields, what type of economy do they have?
If a country is poor, what type of literacy rate do they have? Why???
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION
How do rivers and deserts impact where people live, where they work and how they travel?
People settle around the limited fresh water supply.
Civilizations concentrate around fertile soil. People aren’t going to settle in a hot desert . . . . Why?
Crops are grown within these areas. Subsistence Farming – Grow enough only for their families.
Most people within the Middle East are nomads (wander) within the desert regions.
POPULATION DISTRIBUTION
NATURAL RESOURCES
Most economies were once based on farming
Discovery oil – main source of income Governments with large oil deposits
stopped investing in other parts of their economies.
Countries without oil are poorer.
LAND USE AND RESOURCES
TRANSPORTATION
How do deserts and rivers impact transportation in the Middle East? Rivers provide transportation routes
Remember . . . There are few rivers in the region.
Deserts and mountains are transportation barriers
Difficult to produce and transport goods.
SUMMARIZING ACTIVITY – THINK-PAIR-SHARE
How has the development of the oil industry in the Middle East impacted other industries within those countries?