Polyethylene/Aluminium/ Polyethylene (PE-AL-PE)...

IAPMO IGC-India 308-2014

Polyethylene/Aluminium/Polyethylene (PE-AL-PE) Composite Pipes

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IAPMO Standard for India IAPMO IGC-India 308-2014 Polyethylene/Aluminium/Polyethylene (PE-AL-PE) Composite Pipes Published: October 2014 Published by International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO) 5001 East Philadelphia Street, Ontario, California, 91761, USA 1-800-854-2766 • 1-909-472-4100 Visit the IAPMO Online Store at: www.IAPMOstore.org Visit the IAPMO Standards website at: www.IAPMOstandards.org Copyright © 2014 by International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials (IAPMO) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America

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IAPMO IGC-India 308-2014 Polyethylene/Aluminium/Polyethylene (PE-AL-PE) Composite Pipes

IAPMO Notes (1) The use of the singular does not exclude the plural (and vice versa) when the sense allows. (2) The use of IAPMO Standards is completely voluntary; their existence does not in any respect preclude anyone,

whether he has approved the standards or not, from manufacturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures not conforming to the standards.

(3) This standard was developed using an open process and in accordance with IAPMO Standards Policy S-001, Standards Development Process, which is available on the IAPMO Standards website (www.IAPMOstandards.org).

(4) During its development, this Standard was made available for public review, thus providing an opportunity for additional input from stakeholders from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public at large. Upon closing of public review, all comments received were duly considered and resolved by the IAPMO Standards Review Committee.

(5) This Standard was developed in accordance with the principles of consensus, which is defined as substantial agreement; consensus implies much more than a simple majority, but not necessarily unanimity. It is consistent with this definition that a member of the IAPMO Standards Review Committee might not be in full agreement with all sections of this Standard.

(6) Although the intended primary application of this Standard is stated in its scope, it is important to note that it remains the responsibility of the users of the Standard to judge its suitability for their particular purpose.

(7) IAPMO Standards are subject to periodic review and suggestions for their improvement will be referred to the IAPMO Standards Review Committee. To submit a proposal for change to this Standard, you may send the following information to the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials, Attention Standards Department, at [email protected] or, alternatively, at 5001 East Philadelphia Street, Ontario, California, 91761, and include “Proposal for change” in the subject line: (a) standard designation (number); (b) relevant section, table, or figure number, as applicable; (c) wording of the proposed change, tracking the changes between the original and the proposed wording;

and (d) rationale for the change.

(8) Requests for interpretation should be clear and unambiguous. To submit a request for interpretation of this Standard, you may send the following information to the International Association of Plumbing and Mechanical Officials, Attention Standards Department, at [email protected] or, alternatively, at 5001 East Philadelphia Street, Ontario, California, 91761, and include “Request for interpretation” in the subject line: (a) the edition of the standard for which the interpretation is being requested; (b) the definition of the problem, making reference to the specific section and, when appropriate, an

illustrative sketch explaining the question; (c) an explanation of circumstances surrounding the actual field conditions; and (d) the request for interpretation phrased in such a way that a “yes” or “no” answer will address the issue.

(9) Attention is drawn to the possibility that some of the elements of this Standard may be the subject of patent rights. IAPMO is not to be held responsible for identifying any or all such patent rights. Users of this Standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights is entirely their responsibility.

(10) IAPMO does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this Standard, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing this Standard against liability for infringement of any applicable patents, nor assumes any such liability. Users of this Standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, are entirely their responsibility.

(11) Participation by federal or state agency representative(s) or person(s) affiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this Standard.

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IAPMO IGC-India 308-2014 Polyethylene/Aluminium/Polyethylene (PE-AL-PE) Composite Pipes 0 Introduction

This Standard was developed and is intended for the India market. 1 Scope 1.1 General 1.1.1 This Standard covers co-extruded polyethylene/aluminium/polyethylene (PE-AL-PE) composite

pipes comprising a welded aluminium (AL) tube laminated by a melt adhesive to two layers of polyethylene (PE) in nominal sizes 1216, 1620, 2025, 2532, 3240, 4050, 5063, 6375, 7590, and 90110 and specifies requirements for materials, physical characteristics, performance testing, and markings. Note: The first two digits of the nominal size indicate the approximate inside diameter, in mm, and the following digits indicate the nominal outside diameter, also in mm. For example, a 2025 pipe means the inside diameter is approximately 20 mm and the outside diameter is approximately 25 mm.

1.1.2 PE-AL-PE composite pipes covered by this Standard are intended for use in

(a) residential and commercial water supply systems; (b) residential heating systems; and (c) compressed air systems.

1.1.3 PE-AL-PE composite pipes covered by this Standard are rated for

(a) 1,200 kPa a 23 ºC; and (b) 600 kPa at 65 ºC.

1.1.4 This Standard does not cover

(a) PE-AL-PE composite pipes consisting of metallic layers not welded together; and (b) fittings and connectors.

1.2 Terminology

In this Standard, (a) “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy to

comply with the Standard; (b) “should” is used to express a recommendation, but not a requirement; (c) “may” is used to express an option or something permissible within the scope of the

Standard; and (d) “can” is used to express a possibility or a capability.

October 2014 1 For IAPMO Staff Use Only. Distribution Prohibited.


Notes accompanying sections of the Standard do not specify requirements or alternative requirements; their purpose is to separate explanatory or informative material from the text. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and can be written as requirements.

1.3 Units of Measurement

SI units are the primary units of record in India and in global commerce and are the units used in this Standard.

1.4 Amendments

Proposals for amendments to this Standard will be processed in accordance with the standards-writing procedures of IAPMO.

1.5 Patents

The user’s attention is called to the possibility that compliance with this Standard might require use of an invention covered by patent rights. By publication of this Standard, no position is taken with respect to the validity of any such claim(s) or of any patent rights in connection therewith. If a patent holder has filed a statement of willingness to grant a license under these rights on reasonable and nondiscriminatory terms and conditions to applicants desiring to obtain such a license, then details can be obtained from IAPMO.

2 Reference Publications

This Standard refers to the following publications, and where such reference is made, it shall be to the current edition of those publications, including all amendments published thereto. IS 737 Indian Standard - Wrought aluminium and aluminium alloy sheet

and strip for general engineering purposes - Specification IS 2530 Indian Standard - Methods of test for polyethylene moulding

materials and polyethylene compounds IS 4905 Indian Standard - Methods for Random Sampling IS 7328 Indian Standard - High Density Polyethylene Materials for Moulding

and Extrusion IS 9845 Indian Standard - Determination of Overall Migration of

Constituents of Plastics Materials and Articles Intended to Come in Contact with Foodstuffs - Method of Analysis

IS 10141 Indian Standard - Positive List of Constituents of Polyethylene in Contact with Foodstuffs, Pharmaceuticals and Drinking Water

IS 10146 Indian Standard - Polyethylene for its Safe Use in Contact with Foodstuffs, Pharmaceuticals and Drinking Water

ISO 4427-1 Plastics piping systems -- Polyethylene (PE) pipes and fittings for

water supply -- Part 1: General



3 Abbreviations

The following abbreviations apply in this Standard: AL — aluminium PE — polyethylene UV — ultraviolet

4 General Requirements 4.1 Description

PE-AL-PE composite pipe comprises a welded aluminium (AL) tube laminated to two layers of polyethylene (PE), one on the inside of the aluminium tube and the other one on the outside. The PE layers are bonded to the aluminium tube by a polymeric adhesive during the extrusion process. Note: In this standard, “PE-AL-PE composite pipe” is referred to as “PE-AL-PE pipe”.

4.2 Materials 4.2.1 Polyethylene

Polyethylene resin shall be PE 63, as specified in ISO 4427-1, complying with or exceeding the properties specified in Table 1.

4.2.2 Ultraviolet (UV) Light Protection 4.2.2.1 Polyethylene used in the manufacture of the outside layer of PE-AL-PE pipe shall be

compounded with carbon black to provide UV light exposure stabilization. The carbon black content of the polyethylene resin shall be 2.5 ± 0.5% by mass when tested in accordance with Clause 10 of IS 2530 and the distribution shall be uniform throughout the compound.

4.2.2.2 Polyethylene used in the manufacture of the inside layer of PE-AL-PE pipe may be compounded

with carbon black at the option of the manufacturer. 4.2.3 Aluminium

Aluminium used in the metallic tube (layer) of PE-AL-PE pipe shall comply with or exceed the following properties, when tested in accordance with IS 737: (a) Minimum elongation: 18%. (b) Ultimate tensile strength: 85 MPa.

4.2.4 Reworked Material

Reworked material shall not be used in the manufacture of PE-AL-PE pipe. 4.3 Dimensions and Methods of Measurement 4.3.1 Aluminium Thickness

The wall thickness of the aluminium tube shall be as specified in Table 2.



4.3.2 Pipe Dimensions of PE-AL-PE pipe shall be as specified in Table 3 when measured in accordance with Section 6, except that the thickness of the outside PE layer overlaying the aluminium tube weld shall have a minimum thickness of half of that specified in Table 3.

4.3.3 Coils

The inside diameter of PE-AL-PE pipe coils shall be not less than 20 times the outside diameter of the PE-AL-PE pipe.

4.3.4 Methods of Measurement 4.3.4.1 Outside Diameter

The outside diameter of pipes shall be the average of two measurements taken at right angles. 4.3.4.2 Out-of-Roundness

The out-of-roundness shall be measured as the difference between the maximum and minimum outside diameters measured at the same cross-section of the pipe.

4.3.4.3 Wall Thickness

Wall thicknesses shall be measured using a dial Vernier or ball-ended micrometer. In addition, measurements (a) shall be made using a hand held magnifying glass or a laboratory microscope equipped with

graduated reticule capable of measuring to the nearest 0.1 mm; and (b) of the outside PE layer shall be made at six points around the circumference, ensuring that

only one of the measurements is at the aluminium weld. 4.3.4.4 Coiled Pipe

Coiled PE-AL-PE pipe may be re-rounded in accordance with the manufacturer’s written instructions prior to taking measurements.

4.4 Toxicity

PE-AL-PE pipe intended to convey or dispense water for human consumption through drinking or cooking shall comply with the applicable requirements of IS 10146.

4.5 Workmanship and Finish

The internal and external surfaces of PE-AL-PE pipe shall be smooth, clean, and free from grooving and other defects. The ends shall be cleanly cut and shall be square with the axis of the pipe. Slight shallow longitudinal grooves or irregularities in the wall thickness shall be allowable provided that the wall thickness complies with the requirements of this Standard.



5 Testing Requirements 5.1 Burst Pressure Test 5.1.1 General

The burst pressure test shall be conducted at 25 ± 5 ºC. 5.1.2 Test Specimens

The test specimens for the burst pressure test shall consist of five pieces of PE-AL-PE pipe, each approximately 200 mm long, taken consecutively from one length of pipe.

5.1.3 Conditioning

The test specimens shall be conditioned at ambient laboratory conditions for not less than 16 h. 5.1.4 Test Procedure

The burst pressure test shall be conducted as follows: (a) Seal the ends of the test specimens with suitable end fittings.

Note: The ends of the test specimens may be free or fixed. (b) Increase the pressure uniformly within 60 to 70 s to the pressure specified in Table 4 or until

failure occurs. (c) Record the pressure at failure.

5.1.5 Performance Requirements

The burst pressures (i.e., pressures at failure) shall be not less than those specified in Table 4. 5.2 Sustained-Pressure Test 5.2.1 Test Specimen

The test specimen for the sustained-pressure test shall consist of one piece of PE-AL-PE pipe between 250 and 750 mm long.

5.2.2 Conditioning

The test specimen shall be conditioned in a water bath for not less than 2 h at each of the test temperatures (i.e., at 20 ± 1 ºC and 60 ± 1 ºC).

5.2.3 Test Procedure

The sustained-pressure test shall be conducted as follows: (a) Assemble the test specimen in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation instructions.

Seal the free ends of the test specimen with end fittings and connect to a suitable hydrostatic pressure source.

(b) Immerse the test specimen in water at 20 ± 1 ºC or 60 ± 1 ºC, as appropriate. Refer to Step (d).

(c) Gradually increase the hydrostatic pressure until the test pressure specified in Table 5 is attained.

(d) Maintain the test pressure to within ±0.07 MPa of the set pressure for at least (i) 1 h for the test conducted at 20 ± 1 ºC; and (ii) 10 h for the test conducted at 60 ± 1 ºC.



5.2.4 Performance Requirements There shall be no localized swelling or weeping and the pipe shall not burst or separate from the joints.

5.3 Hydrostatic-Creep Test 5.3.1 Test Specimens

The test specimens for the hydrostatic-creep test shall consist of a three pieces of PE-AL-PE pipe each between 250 and 750 mm long.

5.3.2 Conditioning

The test specimens shall be conditioned in a water bath at 95 ± 1 ºC for not less than 2 h. 5.3.3 Test Procedure

The hydrostatic-creep test shall be conducted as follows: (a) Assemble the test specimens in accordance with the manufacturer’s installation

instructions. Seal the free ends of the test specimens with end fittings and connect to a suitable hydrostatic pressure source.

(b) Immerse the test specimens in water at 95 ± 1 ºC. (c) Gradually increase the hydrostatic pressure until the test pressure specified in Table 6 is

attained. (d) Maintain the hydrostatic pressure within ±0.07 MPa of the test pressure for 170 h.


There shall be localized swelling or weeping and the pipe shall not burst or separate from the joints.

5.4 Thermal Stability to Oxidation Test 5.4.1 Test Apparatus

The test apparatus for the thermal stability to oxidation test shall consist of (a) a differential thermal analyzer cell that allows purging within 1 min using successive gases at

the specified flow rate, calibrated using pure (i) indium to give values that lie within 156.6 ± 0.5 ºC; and (ii) tin to give values that lie within 231.9 ± 0.5 ºC; and

(b) aluminium pans, large enough to accommodate the test specimens in solid or molten form. 5.4.2 Test Specimens

Test specimens for the thermal stability to oxidation test shall consist of three discs each with a mass of 15 ± 0.5 mg prepared as follows: (a) Remove a core section from the PE-AL-PE pipe with the core drill directed radially through

the pipe wall. The diameter of the core section shall be just less than inside diameter of the aluminium pan of the thermal analyzer. Care should be taken not to overheat the core section during the coring operation.

(b) Separate the layers of the core section (i.e. inside surface, outside surface, and mid-wall) into three discs using a scalpel. Note: The inside surface, outside surface, and mid-wall are, as a minimum, the places that are to be tested individually.




The thermal stability to oxidation test shall be conducted as follows: (a) Establish a nitrogen flow of 50 mL/min through the differential thermal analyzer cell. (b) Verify that when a gas switchover (e.g., from nitrogen to oxygen) is made, the gas flow will

continue at the specified rate of 50 mL/min. (c) Place a test specimen in an aluminium pan. (d) Place the aluminium pan with the test specimen and also an empty aluminium control pan

into the differential thermal analyzer cell. (e) Increase the temperature at a rate of 20 ºC per minute to 200.0 ± 0.1 ºC and allow the

temperature in the differential thermal analyzer cell to stabilize. (f) Start to record a thermograph (i.e. a plot) of the temperature differential against time. (g) When steady conditions under nitrogen are reached (i.e., after 5 min), switch to oxygen and

mark this point on the thermograph. (h) Continue to run the thermograph until the exothermic oxidation has occurred and has

reached its maximum. 5.4.4 Interpretation of the Results

The thermal stability to oxidation of the test specimen shall be the arithmetic mean of at least five oxidation induction time measurements at 200.0 or 210.0 ºC. The oxidation induction time is the time from the introduction of oxygen to the intercept of the extended base line and the extended tangent drawn to the exotherm at the point of maximum slope as shown in Figure 1.

5.4.5 Test Report

The test report for the thermal stability to oxidation test shall include at least the following: (a) the identification of the test specimens; and (b) the individual test results, expressed in minutes.

5.4.6 Performance Requirement

The minimum oxidation induction time shall be greater than 20 min. 5.5 Pigment Dispersion Test (Only for Coloured Pipe other than Black) 5.5.1 General

The pigment dispersion test shall be conducted only on pipes with the outside layer coloured in a colour other than black.

5.5.2 Test Apparatus

The test apparatus for the pigment dispersion test shall consist of (a) a microtome; (b) a microscope capable of at least 100X linear magnification with a circular field of view of at

least 0.70 ± 0.07 mm in diameter; and (c) microscope slides and cover slips.



5.5.3 Test Specimen Test specimens for the pigment dispersion test shall consist of six pieces (a) cut from a cross-section of the PE-AL-PE pipe using the microtome;

Note: It is easier to take microtome sections when the pipe is cooled below room temperature. (b) 10 to 20 μm thick with an area of approximately 7.0 mm2; and (c) taken from different parts of the pipe cross-section.


The pigment dispersion test shall be conducted as follows: (a) Place the test specimens on a microscope slide so that each one is equidistant from its

neighbors and from the adjacent edges of the slide. (b) Cover the test specimens with Canada balsam. (c) Place a slide cover slip over the Canada balsam and the test specimens. (d) Examine the six test specimens through the microscope at a 100 ± 10X linear magnification. (e) Scan each test specimen in its entirety and compare the worst field of view of each test

specimen with the standard photomicrographs in Figure 2. (f) Assign a numerical rating, from 1 to 6, for the pigment dispersion in each test specimen, in

accordance with Figure 2. (g) Record the rating of each test specimen.

5.5.5 Test Report

The test report shall include the (a) identification of the pipe from which the test specimens were taken; and (b) individual rating of each test specimen.

5.5.6 Performance Requirement

The grading for each individual test specimen shall be 3 or less. 5.6 Delamination Test (Only for Pipe Sizes 1216 to 3240) 5.6.1 General

The delamination test shall be conducted on pipe sizes 1216 to 3240 only. 5.6.1 Test Specimen

The test specimen for the delamination test shall consist of a piece of PE-AL-PE pipe approximately 300 mm long.


The delamination test shall be conducted as follows: (a) Cut a spiral along the test specimen at 45 ± 5º and covering a distance equivalent to at least

five times the outside pipe diameters. (b) Firmly hold the test specimen at the uncut end and open the spiral.

Note: Pliers may be used to grip the spiral-cut pipe. (c) Examine the spiral-cut pipe wall visually, on the sides, for evidence of delamination between

the AL and PE layers. 5.6.3 Performance Requirement

There shall be no signs of delamination or separation between the test specimen layers.



5.7 Layer Separation Test (Only for Pipe Sizes 4050 and Larger) 5.7.1 General

The layer separation test shall be conducted at 23 ± 2 ºC (73 ± 4ºF) and on pipe sizes 4050 and larger only.

5.7.2 Test Apparatus

The test apparatus for the layer separation test shall consist of a tension testing device with suitable pull-off device (see Figure 3).

5.7.3 Test Specimen

The test specimens for the layer separation test shall consist of five sections of PE-AL-PE pipe, each approximately 10 mm long, cut at random intervals from one section of pipe.


The layer adhesion test shall be conducted as follows: (a) Mechanically separate, to about 5 mm and on the opposite side to the welding seam, the

outside PE layer, together with the aluminium layer, from the inside PE layer of the test specimens, using the pull-off device. Note: Separating the layers 5 mm allows clamping.

(b) Examine the adhesion of the outside PE layer to the aluminium tube. (c) Mount the test specimen and clamp the 5 mm tab in the tension testing device. (d) Remove the outside layer with a linear speed of 50 mm/min. (e) Record the force diagram.


The minimum adhesive force per each 10 mm pipe strip shall be as specified in Table 7 and there shall be no signs of delamination or separation between the outside PE layer and the aluminium tube.

5.8 Pipe Ring-Strength Test 5.8.1 Test Apparatus

The test apparatus for the pipe ring-strength test shall be a tensile testing machine.

5.8.2 Test Specimen The test specimens for the pipe ring-strength test shall consist of 15 rings of PE-AL-PE pipe 25 ± 1 mm long, taken consecutively from one section of pipe. The ring sides shall be parallel and at 90 ± 2º to the pipe axis.


The pipe ring-strength test shall be conducted as follows: (a) Mount each test specimen on two steel rods with a diameter of at least 4 mm. (b) Arrange the test specimen so that the aluminium tube weld is at 90º to the tensile axis as

shown in Figure 4. (c) Run the tensile test at a crosshead speed of 50.0 ± 2.5 mm/min. (d) Record the peak force.




The minimum ring strength shall be as specified in Table 8. 6 Markings and Accompanying Literature 6.1 Pipe Markings

PE-AL-PE pipe complying with this Standard shall be marked with the (a) nominal pipe size; (b) manufacturer’s name or trademark; (c) material designation (i.e., PE-AL-PE); (d) intended service, where applicable; (e) maximum rated working pressures at 23 ºC and 65 ºC; (f) IAPMO standard designation (i.e., “IAPMO IGC-India 308”); and (g) date or date code of manufacture.

6.2 Coils

In addition to the markings specified in Section 6.1, each coil of PE-AL-PE pipe shall be labeled with the (a) machine number or identification; (b) length of the coil, expressed in meters; and (c) weight of the coil, expressed in kg.

6.3 Marking Characteristics 6.3.1 Markings shall be legible and visible at the time of dispatch of materials from the manufacturing

facility. Marking on pipe shall be spaced at intervals of not more than 1 m. 6.3.2 Labels shall be of suitable dimensions and adequately attached to each pipe coil.

Table 1 Polyethylene Properties

(See Section 4.2.1)

Property Test Method Test Parameters Requirement

Antioxidant IS 2530, Clause 17 — ≤ 0.3% by mass

Density IS 7328, Annex A

23 ºC 942.0 to 960.0 kg/m3

27 ºC 940.4 to 958.4 kg/m3

Melt Flow Index

IS 2530, Clause 7 190 ºC and 5 kg 0.20 to 1.40 g/10 min



Table 2 Aluminium Thickness

(See Section 4.3.1)

Nominal Pipe Size

Minimum Thickness, mm Tolerance, mm

1216 0.17 +0.02

1620 0.17 +0.02

2025 0.19 +0.02

2532 0.23 +0.02

3240 0.23 +0.02

4050 0.23 +0.02

5063 0.50 +0.02

6375 0.60 +0.02

7590 0.70 +0.02

90110 0.80 +0.02 Note: The first two digits of the nominal pipe size indicate the approximate inside diameter, in mm, and the following digits indicate the nominal outside diameter, also in mm. For example, a 2025 pipe means the inside diameter is approximately 20 mm and the outside diameter is approximately 25 mm.



Table 3 Pipe Dimensions (See Section 4.3.2)

Nominal Pipe Size

Outside Diameter, mm Maximum Out-of-Roundness, mm

Total Wall Thickness, mm Minimum Outside PE Layer Thickness, mm Minimum Tolerance Minimum Maximum

1216 16.00 +0.30 0.40 1.70 2.10 0.40

1620 20.00 +0.30 0.60 1.90 2.30 0.40

2025 25.00 +0.30 0.60 2.30 2.80 0.40

2532 32.00 +0.50 0.80 2.90 3.50 0.40

3240 40.00 +0.50 1.00 3.40 4.00 0.40

4050 50.00 +0.50 1.30 3.90 4.50 0.40

5063 63.00 +0.50 1.40 4.80 5.40 0.80

6375 75.00 +0.50 1.50 5.80 6.40 0.80

7590 90.00 +0.60 1.60 6.80 7.40 1.00

90110 110.00 +0.60 1.60 7.00 7.80 1.00

Table 4 Minimum Burst Pressures

(See Section 5.1.3 and 5.1.4)

Nominal Pipe Size

Minimum Burst Pressure, MPa

1216 5.5

1620 4.5

2025 3.5

2532 3.0

3240 3.0

4050 3.0

5063 3.0

6375 3.0

7590 3.0

90110 3.0



Table 5 Sustained-Pressure Test Pressures

(See Section 5.2.3)

Nominal Pipe Size

Sustained Pressure, MPa

at 20 ºC at 60 ºC

1216 2.7 2.3

1620 2.4 2.3

2025 2.4 2.3

2532 2.0 1.8

3240 2.0 1.8

4050 2.0 1.8

5063 2.0 1.8

6375 1.9 1.7

7590 1.8 1.6

90110 1.7 1.5

Table 6 Hydrostatic-Creep Test Pressures

(See Section 5.3.3)

Nominal Pipe Size

Pressure, MPa

1216 1.0

1620 0.8

2025 0.8

2532 0.7

3240 0.7

4050 0.6

5063 0.6

6375 0.6

7590 0.6

90110 0.6



Table 7 Layer Separation Test —

Minimum Adhesive Force (See Section 5.7.5)

Nominal Pipe Size

Minimum Adhesive Force per 10 mm Pipe Section, N

4050 50

5063 60

6375 70

7590 70

90110 70

Table 8 Minimum Ring Strengths

(See Section 5.8.4)

Nominal Pipe Size Ring Strength, N

1216 1,900

1620 1,900

2025 2,100

2532 2,400

3240 2,500

4050 2,500

5063 3,500

6375 4,100

7590 4,700

90110 5,300



Figure 1 Thermograph of the Temperature Differential against Time

(See Section 5.4.4)



Figure 2 Pigment Dispersion Photomicrographs

(See Section 5.5.3)



Note: The diameter of the roller shall be 95% of the pipe inside diameter, where di is the pipe inside diameter

Figure 3

Layer-Separation Test Apparatus (See Section 5.7.2)

Figure 4 Ring-Strength Test

(See Section 5.8.3)


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