POLITICS

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“polis”- city state“scire”- to knowProcess that determine who shall

occupy roles of leadership in the govt. and how powers of the govt. shall be exercised (Lazarte)

Study of the power and the powerful, of the influence and the influential, of the rulers and the ruled and the authority and the authoritative. (Daquila)

POLITICS

The art and science of governance; the means by which the will of the community is arrived at and implemented. (Daquila)

Struggle for powerArtistic use of science and technology

to obtain the needs, wants, interests and values beneficial to individuals and society

1. Power-authoritative/coercive capacity to get things done.

2. Rule- regulation or law that controls the conduct or behavior of people.

3. Authority-power inherent in the position or function that allows an incumbent to perform assigned duties and assumed delegated responsibilities.

4. Influence- power exerted over others often through one’s position, intellect, force of character or degree of accomplishment, wealth etc.

ESSENTIAL ELEMENTS OF POLITICS

P- power, process, people, purposeO- organization, opportunity, on-lineL- leadership, law, libertyI- influence, impact, innovativenessT- timeline, training, trustworthinessI- issues, intelligence, integrityC- communication, costs, charismaS- security, style, strategy

ESSENTIAL TERMS RELATED TO POLITICS

Theories and principles learned will help men develop a proper perspective and sound judgement in achieving a better synthesis of the changing modern world.

Understand the structural components of the political environment and the problems that control it.

Politics is everywhere.Develop a positive attitude in dealing w/

political problemsActively participate in the affairs of the state

WHY STUDY POLITICS?(LAZARTE)

When it uses the cardinal rules of scientific logic1. Studies political phenomena/problem2. Develop a hypotheses3. Collect data4. Statistically manipulate the data and

to validate the hypotheses

WHAT MAKES POLITICS A SCIENCE?

WHAT MAKES POLITICS AN ART?

study of politics (Lazarte)social science which deals w/ the systematic

study of state and government (Zulueta)systematic study of state and government (De

Leon)an academic discipline which studies political phenomena (Dannug)study of the state, its institutions, laws and

processes, power structures, patterns, distribution and relationship between individuals and group

POLITICAL SCIENCE

Understand the govt.Part of liberal educationEducation for citizenship

GOALS/USES OF POLITICAL SCIENCE

Former DILG Sec. Robledo

IS POLITICS DIRTY? IS POLITICS GOOD OR BAD?

Good3 G’s- gutsy

disposition, glorious programs and good performance.

Good Politics= Good Governance=Good Politician

GUIAPO’s (Good Uncorrupted Achievements in politics)

Bad

3 G’s- guns, goons and gold

Bad Politics=Bad Governance=Bad Politician

TRAPO’s (Traditional Politicians)

POLITICS MAY BE EITHER:

- (UNDP) the exercise of political, economic and administrative authority in the management of the country’s affairs at all levels.

- process of decision-making and the process by which decisions are implemented (or not implemented).

GOVERNANCE

Governance is what a "government"

does. It might be a geo-political government (nation-state), a corporate government (business entity), a socio-political government (tribe, family etc.), or any number of different kinds of government, but governance is the physical exercise of management power and policy

Government

it is the instrument (usually collective) that does it

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN GOVERNANCE AND GOVERNMENT

CHARACTERISTICS OF GOOD GOVERNANCE

Participation by both men and women is a key cornerstone of good governance. Participation could be either direct or through legitimate intermediate institutions or representatives. It is important to point out that representative democracy does not necessarily mean that the concerns of the most vulnerable in society would be taken into consideration in decision making. Participation needs to be informed and organized. This means freedom of association and expression on the one hand and an organized civil society on the other hand.

PARTICIPATORY/PARTICIPATION

Good governance requires fair legal frameworks that are enforced impartially. It also requires full protection of human rights, particularly those of minorities. Impartial enforcement of laws requires an independent judiciary and an impartial and incorruptible police force.

RULE OF LAW

Transparency means that decisions taken and their enforcement are done in a manner that follows rules and regulations. It also means that information is freely available and directly accessible to those who will be affected by such decisions and their enforcement. It also means that enough information is provided and that it is provided in easily understandable forms and media.

TRANSPARENCY

Good governance requires that institutions and processes try to serve all stakeholders within a reasonable timeframe.

RESPONSIVENESS

There are several actors and as many view points in a given society. Good governance requires mediation of the different interests in society to reach a broad consensus in society on what is in the best interest of the whole community and how this can be achieved. It also requires a broad and long-term perspective on what is needed for sustainable human development and how to achieve the goals of such development. This can only result from an understanding of the historical, cultural and social contexts of a given society or community.

CONSENSUS-ORIENTED

A society’s well being depends on ensuring that all its members feel that they have a stake in it and do not feel excluded from the mainstream of society. This requires all groups, but particularly the most vulnerable, have opportunities to improve or maintain their well being.

EQUITY AND INCLUSIVENESS

Good governance means that processes and institutions produce results that meet the needs of society while making the best use of resources at their disposal. The concept of effi ciency in the context of good governance also covers the sustainable use of natural resources and the protection of the environment.

EFFECTIVENESS AND EFFICIENCY

Not only governmental institutions but also the private sector and civil society organizations must be accountable to the public and to their institutional stakeholders. Who is accountable to whom varies depending on whether decisions or actions taken are internal or external to an organization or institution. In general an organization or an institution is accountable to those who will be affected by its decisions or actions. Accountability cannot be enforced without transparency and the rule of law.

ACCOUNTABILITY