POLI 423 – Presidential Elections Frankie Clogston.
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Transcript of POLI 423 – Presidential Elections Frankie Clogston.
POLI 423 –Presidential Elections
Frankie Clogston
OutlineHistory What Media?Free/paid Media and AdsMedia Effects – Magnitude and MechanismsBias and Spin of the MediaPrimary Season and Presidential CampaignCampaign Infrastructure and technologyEffects of the Internet and New Media Environment
Presidential Campaigns and The Media
What are the types of “media”? Pamphleteering, Campaign literature Newspapers. . . Radio. . . Television – Network and cable Internet, Twitter Television Ads Cell phones Entertainment/comedy/ talk shows
HistoryThrough late 19th Century – Era of the “Mute
Tribune”End of 19th Century – FDR – Party-centered to
Candidate Centered Politics; Increased Campaigning and Media
FDR – The Modern Presidency/ Mass MediaJohn F. Kennedy – The Television Era 1990’s – Internet, Multimedia
Presidential Campaigns and The Media
What are the types of “media”?Free vs. Paid MediaWho pays?
PartyCandidatePACs
Media EffectsDo the media have effects on presidential
elections?Movement from thesis of minimal effects to
effects via mechanisms of framing, priming and agenda setting effecting rational voters
Contemporary study on diverse effects of disaggregated media
Media Effects - Mechanisms
What are the mechanisms by which the media has an effect? Framing Priming Agenda-setting Horse race Mistakes/blunders – “game changers” Issues Adversarial Journalism/ Personal Attacks Investigative Journalism
Media EffectsWhat is the target electorate?What are the implications for the campaign?
The Primary CampaignDoes media have more or less of an effect in the
primary campaign?How do resource-poor, less known candidates
benefit or suffer from the primary process?
24 hour/ 365 day campaign
What was life like before the 24 hour cycle?What are the effects of the 24 hour news cycle?What are the effects of the “permanent
campaign?”
Media Effects – via PrismBias/ SpinDisaggregation and self-selectionHow/when can candidates get their message to
all the voters? Unmediated forum? Disaggregated channels?
Modern Campaign Infrastructure and
TechnologyPresident – separate campaign staffCandidates – large campaign staff, including
consultants and pollstersPollsFocus GroupsOrganizational and Fundraising Technology –
Direct Mail, Internet
Questions. . . What kind of candidate does this produce?
What skills are necessary in this campaign and media environment?
Endurance, Message Discipline, Unblemished Personal Life, Fundraising Skills
Does this process produce the best candidate? Is it good for democracy?
Effects of Internet and New Media Environment
What is the ability of Presidential Candidates to Control the Message?
What are the effects on self-segregation and polarization in the electorate?
Does the high-choice environment produce more diverse and better information to voters?
Do we have a more or less informed electorate?