POLI 346 research workshop
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Research Tips & Tricks
POLI 346 American Foreign Policy
Megan Fitzgibbons, Liaison Librarian
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Let’s talk about cookies
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Let’s talk about cookies
What’s in your cookies?
What’s in your term paper???
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Your task: in groups of 3
1. Find one information source that
you would use for a paper on
George Bush’s “axis of evil” speech.
2. Share what you found with the
class
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Too much information?
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Information flow
Academic analysis
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How do the messages of these sources differ?
Which is appropriate for your assignment?
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Choosing your ingredients
Information Type Description
Books (scholarly monographs) Broad, thorough, academic treatment of a subject.
Academic book chapters Examination of a specific topic. Similar to journal articles.
Scholarly journal articles Detailed scholarly examination of a topic. Peer-reviewed.
News & trade magazines Popular or non-scholarly treatment of a subject.
Government documents Official documents published by government agencies.
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The Course Guide
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This guide lists links to resources that will help you find information for
your assignment.
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Encyclopediasare an excellent
place to start!
Written by named experts
Gives a summary of
the topicLists further
reading
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Different from searching the web…
Databases are like directories for finding academic articles
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Other documents
Articles
Journals
Databases
Researchers
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Databases: What’s the difference???
Each database provider chooses different journals, books, etc. to include in their index.
Some are specialized directories (e.g., only legal journals), while some are broad (e.g., social sciences in general, with a few journals from each discipline).
You will find that some of the databases overlap, but they all have some unique content.
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My topic
Ronald Reagan and foreign policy
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Any of these databases is a good place to start. We’ll look at America: History & Life today.
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Try synonyms and alternative terms when
you search.
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21Limit to scholarly articles
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No full text here? Try to “FindIt” at McGill.
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Click to open the full text of the article
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Google Scholar: also a good place to find
articles and working papers. Set up your preferences to
see links to McGill.
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Search tip 1
“Exact phrase”
Examples:
“New York”
“Ronald Reagan”
“climate change”
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Search tip 2
AND
“foreign policy” AND bush
OR
“foreign policy” OR “foreign affairs”
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Americ*
America
American
Americans
Search tip 3: fill in the blank
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Search tip 4
Subject words
Look for the standardized subject words or “descriptors”
in the database
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Research process
1. Select a research tool
2. Find out what has been published
3. Find the text of the item
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Search the library catalogue for the journal title
Use CREPUQ or Interlibrary Loan (ILL)
If full text is not available online
If not available…
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Virtual Private Network
Off campus?
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Instructions for setting up the VPN
are here.
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Bibliography
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The Audacity of Hope.
Obama, Barack.
New York : Crown Publishers, 2006.
How to find…
Look for the title of the book in the catalogue
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American Review of Canadian Studies
34, no. 4 (2009):
“Bush/Harper? Canadian Malloy, Jonathan.
352-363.
How to find…
American Evangelical Politics Compared.”
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All articles are NOT listed
directly in the library catalogue!
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American Review of Canadian Studies
34, no. 4 (2009):
“Bush/Harper? Canadian Malloy, Jonathan.
352-363.
How to find…
American Evangelical Politics Compared.”
Look for the title of the journal in the catalogue
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Click to find the article on the journal’s website
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Academic integrity at McGill
“McGill University values academic integrity. Therefore all students must understand the meaning and consequences of cheating, plagiarism and other academic offences under the Code of Student Conduct and Disciplinary Procedures.”
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Plagiarism = stealing
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Citation woes?
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Why cite?
Credit Identify
Replicate Defend
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Tips for paraphrasing
1. Start early!
2. Take notes as you read. Put the original aside
when you write
3. Check the original again for accuracy
4. Quote unique phrases and terminology
5. Record your sources
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Original passage
Students frequently overuse direct quotation in taking notes, and as a result they overuse quotations in the final [research] paper. Probably only about 10% of your final manuscript should appear as directly quoted matter. Therefore, you should strive to limit the amount of exact transcribing of source materials while taking notes. Lester, James D. Writing Research Papers. 2nd ed. (1976): 46-47.
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/619/01/
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Paraphrase example
In research papers students often quote excessively, failing to keep quoted material down to a desirable level. Since the problem usually originates during note taking, it is essential to minimize the material recorded verbatim (Lester 46-47).
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/619/01/
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Plagiarism example
Students often use too many direct quotations when they take notes, resulting in too many of them in the final research paper. In fact, probably only about 10% of the final copy should consist of directly quoted material. So it is important to limit the amount of source material copied while taking notes.
http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/619/01/
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Credit where it’s due
Copyright ©1995-2009 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.
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Where do you find articles?
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Research process
1. Select a research tool
2. Find out what has been published
3. Find the text of the item
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Evaluate!
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VPN help
Library materials
Course guide
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Ask Us!
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Image Credits
Slide 1: Juggling by timailius http://www.flickr.com/photos/9914541@N05/2832728718/. License: Attribution-Noncommercial 2.0 Generic
Slide 2: Cookies by Mrs Magic http://www.flickr.com/photos/mrsmagic/1117398599/ License: Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 Generic
Slide 7: Information timeline. Created by Anna Stewart, Librarian, St. Edward’s University. Retrieved September 21, 2009 from: http://libr.stedwards.edu/about_library/depts/instruction/instr_class_docs.htm. Used with permission.
Slide 18: Life ring by mag3737 http://www.flickr.com/photos/50318388@N00/2071089166 / License: Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 Generic
Slide 18: Ronald Reagan by limeydog. License: Attribution-Noncommercial 2.0 Generic. http://www.flickr.com/photos/71378407@N00/2631203990 /
Slide 21: Yellow-Pages by metrostation. License: Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.0 Generic http://www.flickr.com/photos/28803949@N00/30441950/
Slide 50: Thief by desiretofire : music is the shape of silence http://www.flickr.com/photos/desiretofire/151851052 Slide 52: Citation flowchart: Gaunt, Jessica, Nigel Morgan, Rowland Somers, Rosemary Soper, and Erica Swain.
Handbook for Information Literacy Teaching. Cardiff, Wales: Cardiff University, 2007. http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/insrv/educationandtraining/infolit/hilt/index.html (accessed May 14, 2008).
Slide 54: Standing upon the shoulders of giants by mushonhttp://www.flickr.com/photos/74121966@N00/282287572/. Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 2.0 Generic