POISON ANTIDOTES

ACTIVATED CHARCOAL POWDER:

Formula: To make an Activated Charcoal slurry, you must:

1. Add 1 tsp. of Activated Charcoal Powder to an 8 oz. of a glass of PURE Water and stir.

NOTE: LOWER the Dosage to ½ tsp. or ADD Psyllium Husks, if the Person who NEEDS HELP. Has a tendency to become constipated. And drink through a Straw, if the grittiness is a PROBLEM.

Formula: To make Activated Charcoal Poultice, you must:

1. Use EQUAL amounts of Activated Charcoal Powder with Flaxseed Meal. Blend in Blender, the amount of Seed NEEDED to make the Meal.

2. Place the 2 Powders in a dry bowl and add Water SLOWLY as you stir, mixing into a Toothpaste consistency.

NOTE: 2 tablespoons of each Powder will take approximately 5 or 6 tablespoons of Water. This amount of Poultice Paste would make a Poultice approximately 6 x 6 inches.

3. Reach a DESIRED Consistency, that is NOT TOO WET to run all over, NOT TOO DRY to fall apart, and spread it EVENLY over a Macro porous Cloth, such as an UNBLEACHED (Preferably) Paper Towel or a Cotton Cloth.

4. Must now place the top of your Poultice “sandwich” over the Activated Charcoal laden Bottom layer.

5. Cover with a soft-type Cling Wrap (Saran Wrap).6. Place over Desired area of the skin to be treated (Sandwich on the skin with the saran wrap over

the top).7. Wrap Saran Wrap, a towel, or a stretch-type (Ace) Bandage around to secure the Sandwich in

place.8. Leave Activated Charcoal Poultice in place overnight or at least 1-2 hours, if applied during the

day.9. Always DISCARD an Activated Charcoal Poultice after use. DO NOT REUSE IT!

NOTE: The Activated Charcoal Poultice can be made SMALL by using a Band aid or made LARGE by using a Cotton Sheet.

UNIVERSAL POISON ANTIDOTE:NOTE: Make up the following Mixture AHEAD OF TIME, IF POSSIBLE!Formula: To make the Universal Poison Antidote, you must:1. Take 2 parts (Volume, NOT Weight) of Activated Charcoal Powder.2. Add 1 part STRONG WHITE OAK BARK TEA.3. Add 1 part Milk of Magnesia.4. Store in the Refrigerator (last 1-2 mos.), until NEEDED!

APPLICATION AND DOSAGES:You must act QUICKLY, since some POISONS can cause DEATH within a few minutes! First, if POSSIBLE, identify the POISON, and then follow the APPLICABLE information below to NEUTRALIZE that POISON!

If you can NOT IDENTIFY the POISON, you must:1. Give 2 – 4 Tablespoons orally, as QUICKLY as POSSIBLE, of UNIVERSAL POISON

ANTIDOTE with a SMALL amount of PURE WATER!2. Continue Treatment, until the desired RESULTS are achieved.

If a person has taken BAD FOOD (LESS than 1 hour before treatment), a NON-CORROSIV POISON. DRUG, TOXIN or HEAVY METAL, you must:

1. Give 1 – 3 tsp. of Lobelia Seed Pod Tincture to INDUCE VOMITING!

1A. or give 2 quarts of Warm Water, adding a SMALL amount of Lemon Juice, then

1B. Thrust your Finger down your Throat and tickle the UVULA (Flesh hanging down in back of throat) to INDUCE VOMITING!

2. Give 1 – 3 Glasses of Activated Charcoal Slurry per day.3. Continue this treatment, until the desired results are achieved.

NOTE: An OVERDOSE of LOBELIA SEED POD TINCTURE is NOT DANGEROUS, but causes SLIGHT sweating and Nausea. In fact, it can be used as an Emetic to promote VOMITING, if a TOXIC substance is swallowed except if it’s CAUSTIC, then an Activated Charcoal Slurry should be drank!

If a person has taken BAD FOOD (more than 1 hour before treatment), a STRONG CORROSIVE POISON or Petroleum Product, you must:

1. NOT INDUCE VOMITING!!2. Give 1 – 3 glasses of Activated Charcoal Slurry per day.3. Continue this treatment, until the desired RESULTS are achieved.

If a person has been BITTEN by a POISONOUS Reptile or Insect (also Bee or Wasp Stings), you must:

1. Give 1 – 3 Glasses of Activated Charcoal Slurry per day.2. Give 2 – 4 oz Echinacea Plus Tincture at ONCE!3. Apply an Activated Charcoal Poultice on the area of the Bite.

3A. Or CRUSH UP Plantain Leaves, then

3B. PRESS and HOLD the crushed Plantain Leaves onto the Bite for 10 – 15 minutes.

4. Continue this treatment, until the desired Results are achieved.

If a person has POISON IVY, you must:

1. Mix EQUAL parts of Aloe Vera Gel, Slippery Elm Powder and Activated Charcoal Powder together.

2. Apply a THIN layer of this Mixture over the AFFECTED area(s).3. Give 3 – 6 Glasses of Activated Charcoal Slurry.4. Continue this Treatment, until the desired results are achieved.

FINA NOTES:

An Alternative in an EMERGENCY, if Activated Charcoal Powder is NOT AVAILABLE, is Burnt Toast, bit it must be TOTALLY Carbonized and Pulverized to be a GOOD ADSORBENT and product the NEEEDED RESULTS! Activated Charcoal Powder Should be purchased to have AVAILBLE at ALL times, if and when it may be NEEDED! Also by itself, Activated Charcoal is the VERY BEST ANTIDOTE for FOOD POISONING! I should know because I had SERIOUS FOOD POISONING several times last year and used it VERY SUCCESSFULLY!! I don’t usually

recommend drinking Black tea (green tea is preferable), since it has VERY HIGH amounts of Caffeine, but , in a POISON EMERGENCY, it can be substituted, if the WHITE OAK BARK is not AVAILABLE! If you’re going to drink tea on a regular basis though, Green tea would be much healthier for you! I recommend Milk of? Magnesia in a POISON EMERGENCY, since it Neutralizes poisons, that are ACID. People take it for an UPSET Stomach, because it does NEUTRALIZE Stomach Acid! But since EXCESS Acid is NOT usually the PROBLEM, you should drink STRONG Ginger or Peppermint Tea or Lemon Water instead!

How does this POISON ANTIDOTE work? If the POISON is Alkaline, the Tannic Acid, that is in White Oak Bark (or Black) Tea will NEUTRALIZE that Alkaline POISON! If the POISON is Acid, the Milk of Magnesia will NEUTRALIZE that Acid POISON! Activated Charcoal Powder, even in VERY SMALL doses, can ADSORB HIGH QUANTITIES of very STRONG POISONS!

REFERENCES:

FIRST AID WITH HERBS – John Heinerman Herbs to the Rescue – Herbal First Aid Handbook – Kurt King, M. H. The Survivor’s Nutritional Pharmacy – A disaster Survival Guide – Cass Igram, D.O. Miracle Herbs for Everyday Emergencies and User’s Manual – Sam Biser And Dr. Richard

Schulze. The Save-Your-Life Herbal Video Collection and User’s Manual – Sam Biser and Dr.

Richard Schulze.

SODIUM THIOSULFATE

Indications

Sodium thiosulfate is indicated in poisoning from cyanide chlorate, bromated, iodine, cisplatin, mustard gas, and nitrogen mustard. However, this monograph deals only with the use od sodium thiosulfate as an antidote as an antidote in cyanide poisoning.

Route of administration

In cyanide poisoning, sodium thiosulfate should be given intravenously (absorption is poor after oral adminstration) as a bolus injection or by infusion over at least 10 min. when used to prevent cyanide poisoning during sodium nitroprusside therapy, it may be given either simultaneously by continous infusion or, alternatively, as a slow bolus injection.

Dose

The recommended initial does of adults in established cyanide poisoning is 8 to 12.5g (Chen et al., 1944; Chen and Rose, 1952), or 0.2 g/kg body weight (Sorbo, 1972). This dose is based on individual cases where does of this size have proven effective. Experimental data and theoretical considerations support these recommendations, though true validation is lacking.

For children relatively higher dose are generally recommended. For children with normal hemoglobin concentrations, A dose of approximately 410 mg/kg body wt has been suggested (Berlin, 1970) and many handbooks suggest doses in the range 300-500 mg/kg body weight. It should be noted that in those

sources which make these recommendations, sodium thiosulfate is used in combination with other antidotes, especially sodium nitrite.

The risk of cyanide poisoning in patients undergoing treatment with sodium nitroprusside is well documented. Sodium thiosulfate has been found to be ideal in this situation, and it has been recommended that the w/w ration for SNP and sodium thiosulfate should be at least 1:4 (Schulz et al., 1979b) and preferably, to obtain an excess of thiosulfate, 1:5-6. The antidote may be given either by continuous infusion, simultaneously with SNP (Schulz et al., 1982), or by bolus injection.

Other consequential or supportive therapy

The capacity of sodium thiosulfate to enhance the detoxification of cyanide in the body has been established in animals and man. As an antidote in cyanide poisoning, sodium thiosulfate alone, together with oxygen and necessary supportive therapy, is probably sufficient in mild to moderately severe cases.

It is also valuable in doubtful case of poisoning, where it may have both therapeutic and diagnostic value. In severe poisoning. Sodium thiosulfate alone, together with oxygen and necessary supportive therapy, is probably sufficient in mild to moderately severe cases.

In is also valuable in doubtful cases of poisoning, where it may have both therapeutic and diagnostic value. In severe poisoning, sodium thiosulfate should be given together with other antidotes, with which it acts synergistically.

Model information sheet

Uses

Sodium thiosulfate is indicated for use in cyanide poisoning.

Dosafe and route of administration (cyanide poisoning)

The initial dose in adults is (8 to)12.5 g of sodium thiosulfate given as an intravenous bolus injection/infusion over 10 (to 15) min. alternatively, the total initial dose can be calculated as 150-200 mg/kg body weight. Additional doses may be indicated according to the clinical course.

The initial dose in children is 400 (300-500) mg/kg body weight given intravenously as indicated above.

To prevent cyanide intoxication during SNP therapy, sodium thiosulfate should be given either by simultaneous infusion of a dose 5-6 times exceeding (w/w) the SNP dose or, alternatively, a bolus injection may be employed.

Precautions and contraindications.

There are no specific contraindications. The toxicity of sodium thiosulfate is low and toxic effects should not be expected unless does far exceed those recommended. In patients with renal insufficiency, dialysis can be considered for the more rapid elimination of thiocyanate (during long-term treatment).

Adverse effects

Adverse effects are mild and of minor importance compared to the risks associate with cyanide poisoning. Rapid injection of a hyperosmolar sodium thiosulfate solution has caused nausea nad vomiting (Ivankovich et al., 1983). Hypertension has been reported, due probably to the formation of sdasdccccccccthiocyathiocyanate, which is known to have hypotensive properties (Done, 1961). Other side effects attributed to excess thiocyanate production are nausea, headache, and disorientation. When thiosulfate was injected into dogs (vesey et al., 1985) no side effects were seen other than transient hypotension. Diuretic effects and osmotic disturbances are possible side effects (martindale, 1989).

Use in pregnancy/lactation

These aspects are seldom discussed in the literature and are of little relevance in this context. In a life-saving situation, the dosafe recommended above should not be modified in the case of pregnancy or lactation.

Storage

Injectable thiosulfate should be stored in ampoules. Storage over there years does not cause any significant change in composition. The solid substance may be stored in an airtight container for five years without change.

SODIUM THIOSULFATE

Indications

Sodium thiosulfate is indicated in poisoning from cyanide, chlorate, bromated, bromine, iodine, cisplatin, mustard gas, and nitrogen mustard. However, this monograph deals only with the use of sodium thiosulfate as an antidote in cyanide poisoning .

Route of administration

In cyanide poisoning, sodium thiosulfate should be given intravenously (absorption is poor after oral administration) as a bolus injection or by infusion over at least 10 min. when used to prevent cyanide poisoning during sodium nitroprusside therapy, it may be given either simultaneously by continuous infusion or, alternatively, as a slow bolus injection.

Dose

The recommended initial dose for adults in established cyanide poisoning is 8 to 12.5 g (Chen and Rose, 1952), or 0.2 g/kg body weight (Sorbo, 1972). This dose is based on individual cases where doses of this size have proven effective. Experimental data and theoretical considerations support these recommendations, though true validation is lacking.

For children relatively higher does are generally recommended. For children with normal hemoglobin concentrations, a dose of approximately 410 mg/kg body wt has been suggested (Berlin, 1970) and many handbooks suggest doses in the range 300-500 mg/kg body weight. It should be noted that in those sources which make these recommendations, sodium thiosulfate is used in combination with other antidotes, especially sodium nitrite.

The risk of cyanide poisoning in patients undergoing treatment with sodium nitroprusside is well documented. Sodium thiosulfate has been found to be ideal in this situation, and it has been recommended that the w/w ration of r SNP and sodium thiosulfate should be at least 1:4

Adverse effects

Adverse effects are mild and of minor importance compared to the risks associated with cyanide poisoning. Rapid injection of a hyperosmolar sodium thiosulfate solution has caused nausea and vomiting (Ivankovich et al., 1983). Hypotension has been reported, due probably to the formation of thiocyanate, which is known to have hypotensive properties (Done, 1961). Other side effects attributed to excess thiocyanate production are nausea, headache, and disorientation. When thiosufate was injected into dogs (Vesey et al., 1985) no side effects were seen other than transient hypotension. Diuretic effects and osmotic disturbances are possible side effects (Martindale, 1989).

Use in pregnancy/ lactation

These aspects are seldom discussed in the literature and are of little relevance in this context. In a life-saving situation, the dosage recommended above should not be modified in the case of pregnancy or lactation.

Storage

Injectable thiosulfate should be stored in ampoules. Storage over three years does not cause any significant change in composition. The solid substance may be stored in an airtight container for five years without change.

POISON ANTIDOTE

Acetominophen NAC (N-acetylcysteine)Anticholinergics PhysostigmineAnticoagulants (Warfarin/ Coumadin, Heparin) Vitamin K1, protamineBenzodiazepines Supportive Care, Flumazenil*Botulism Botulinum AntitoxinBeta Blockers GlucagonCalcium Channel Blockers Calcium, ? Glucagon?Cholinergics Atropine, Pralodixime in Organophosphate

OverdoseCarbon Monoxide Oxygen, Hyperbaric OxygenCyanide Amyl Nitrate, Sodium Nitrate, Sodium

Thiosulfate, Hydroxycobalamin (Available in Europe)

Digoxin Digoxin Fab AntibodiesIron DeferoxamineIsoniazid PyridoxineLead BAL, EDTA, DMSAMethemoglobinemia Methelene BlueOpiods NaloxoneToxic Alcohols Ethanol Drip, Dialysis, Experimental trials

underway on Enzyme InhibitorsTricyclic Antidepressants Sodium Bicarbonate

ANTIDOTE/ DRUG INDICATION

Amyl nitrite (for inhalation) 1 Cyanides, nitritesAtropine (for injection) 1 Organophosphates, carbamatesBudesonide (for inhalation) * 1, 2 Irritant gasesBetamethasone (for injection) 1, 2 Irritant gasesCalcium gluconate (topical) 1 Hydrofluoric acidCalcium salts (for injection) ** Hydrofluoric acidCobalt edetate Cyanides (nitriles)Copper solution* 1 Phosphorus white (yellow)Dimercaproi* Arsenic, mercuryDimercaptopropane sulphonate (DMPS)*(for injection) (tablets)

Arsenic, mercury

Hydroxocobalamin (for injection) 1 Cyanides/ nitrites4- Dimethylaminophenoi (4-DMAP) CyanidesMethylthionine (methylene blue)(for injection)*

Nitrites, nitrobenzene (and other methaemoglobin-forming agents)

Obidoxime (for injection)* 1 OrganophosphatesOxygen 1 Carbon monoxide, cyanides, hydrogen

sulphide, irritant gases, nitritesPolyethylene glycoi 400 (topical) 1 PhenolPotassium permanganate + sodium bicarbonate (topical)* 1

Phosphorus, white (yellow)

Pralidoxime (for injection)* 1 OrganophosphatesSalbutamol (for inhalation)* 1 Irritant gasesSodium nitrite 1 Cyanides, nitritesSodium thiosulphate (for injection) 1 Cyanides, nitritesTerbutaline sulphate (for inhalation)* 1 Irritant gasesTetracaine hydrochloride (eye drops)* 1 For eye irrigationToluidine blue (for injection)* Nitrites, dinitrobenzene (and other

methaemoglobin-formingXanthine derivatives Irritant gases