Pof Visit Report Ph

7/23/2019 Pof Visit Report Ph

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POF VISIT REPORT

INTRODUCTION:

A Power House is a place where various machines are installed for generation of

Electric Power. In Power House usually Chemical Energy is converted into Heat Energy then Heat

Energy is converted into Mechanical Energy then finally Mechanical Energy into Electrical Energy in

the form of Electric power.

THERMAL POWER PLANT:

A power plant in which thermal energy is used to produces electrical energy,

firstly thermal energy is converted in to mechanical energy and then via mechanical energy the

electricity is produces.BLOCK DIAGRAM:

.

PROCESSES OF GENERATING POWER :

WATER STORAGE TANKS:

Firstly water is stored in to the water storage tans these are lie the

reservoirs for the power plant.

Muhammad Tazweek UW-10-EE-BSc-87

Yasir Ahmad UW-10-EE-BSc-55



DEMINERALIZATION:

!eminerali"ation is a process to pure the water from e#tra minerals $y chemical process.

UNDER GROUND WATER R ESERVOIR :

After deminerali"ation process water is stored in to the underground water reservoirs.

R EMOVAL OF DISSOLVED GASSES:

!ue to deminerali"ation process water dissolved some gasses in to it the removal of that

gasses is very important this process is done via chemical % mechanical method.

HOT WATER TANK :

&hen water is pumped in to the hot water tan where water is initially heated.

ECONOMIZER :

&hen this water passes into the economi"er for pre heating or for usage of wasted hot gasses from $oiler.

BOILER :





&hen passes hot water in to the $oiler in which due to high heat energy water converts in to

saturated steam, in P'F ! shape water tu$e $oiler is used its capacity is () tons*hour.

SUPER HEATER :

For taing superheated steam from $oiler we passes saturated steam in to the super

heater mounted at the top of the furnace so saturated steam converts in to superheated steam. &he

furnace use in that $oiler is wet walled furnace. &he superheated steam has a pressure of +) psi and a

temperature of - /C.

TURBINES WITH GENERATORS:

&han the superheated steam provided to the tur$ines for producing mechanical

energy, the tur$ines of PP0 is a setup of (-M1, the tur$ines used are dou$le stage pressure velocity

compounding tur$ines attaches with generators through reduction gears.

&he steam provided at each tur$ine at a pressure of (.- 2ar % a temperature of - /C.

TURBINE WITH GENERATOR SETS:





No.01

3PM 4 56-

P'1E3 4 0 M1

No.02

3PM 4 6

P'1E3 4 6 M1

No.03

3PM 4 77(+

P'1E3 4 6 M1

R EDUCTION OF PRESSURE IN TURBINES:

(.- 2ar pressure approaches at Impulse wheel, 80(90-: $ar

pressure at First stage, 8(9+: at (nd stage. 2etween these stages steam taes via valve for commercial

purposes lie heating in P'F. &hen this electricity goes in to the ;rid through Control 3oom from there

it divides in to the su$ stations for further distri$utions.

GAS ENGINE PLANT:

&o fulfill electricity need P'F has also five gas 8IC: engine generators<

&his plant has a capacity of 0 M1 power productions according to the need.

ENGINE PROPERTIES:





&he engines are 1A3=&I>A =;((.

!iameter of each cylinder is ((mm.

Each engine set has a capacity of ( M1 power.

Engines run at super charged gas 8C?;:

Engine starts with Pneumatic air motors with pr of (6 2ar.

Engine contains 0( cylinders in @9type formation.

Air9fuel ratio maintained with MCC % PCC.

All the engines are water as well as air cooled.

All the gas engine plant controlled with P>C system Control office through which

electricity is provided to the P'F main ;3I! station and then distri$uted where we

need.

POF STEAM POWER PLANT:

&he total capacity of power generation of P'F P'1E3 H'=E is +M19

+5M1 from which the =&EAM P>A?& generates (5M1 of Electric Power. &he unit of =&EAM

P>A?&= having different capacities ;0 is 0M@, ;( is 6M@ % ;+ is 6M@.

&here are seven $oilersB one has capacity () tons and the remaining having + tons capacity.

MAIN COMPONENTS OF STEAM POWER PLANT:

Chemical Plant

Feed &an

Feed Pump

2oiler !rum

Pumps

!own Comer

p 3aiser

Furnace

Forced !raft Fan 8F! Fan:

Induced !raft Fan 8I!9Fan:

Economi"er

=uper Heaters

=team &ur$ine

Cooling &ower

Chimney

&ransformer





WORKING PRINCIPLE:

First of all the raw water is collected from the 1ah ;arden then the collected raw water is stored

in water tans. ?ow from the storage tans the water enters in the chemical plant for deminerali"ation

process. After removing the impurities from the water the water flows from the chemical plant. It

contains some amount of o#ygen 8'(: which is harmful for tur$ine then removing the o#ygen 8'(: from

the water passing through the =odium =ulfite plant which removes the 0D o#ygen from the water.

&hen the purified water pumped to the feed tan with the help of feed pump which wors on the

principle of centrifugal pump.

&hen from the feed tan the water flows to the $oiler drum the function of $oiler is to separated

the steam and water where the flows through the down comers to furnace where the water is in the

process of fire tu$es then the steam is flows through up raiser then steam enters to economi"e where the

temperature of steam increases and the temperature of flue gases decreases these gases are e#hausted

through Forces !raft Fan 8F!9Fan: with the help of chimney the temperature of flue gases at the e#haust

time is 0-6C then after the economi"er the steam enters into super heaters where the saturated steam is

produced then saturated stem is passing through no""les which increases the velocity of steam then the





steam is stries to the $lades of tur$ines in H.P tur$ine where the temperature of steam is +6C9

-C.&hen steams leaves the HP tur$ine enters to >P tur$ine in which the temperature of steam is C9

)C after striing the steam to tur$ine the tur$ine rotates where the electric generator is directly coupled

with same shaft the electric power is generated .

=o that the steam leaves the >P tur$ine and flows to condenser with the help of condensate pump

the function of condenser is that in which steam is converted in the form of water where the water is

again return to $ac to river or canals.

SUB STATION CONTROL & RELAY PANEL:

POF GAS POWER PLANT:

In P'F power house there is a gas power plant esta$lished in (( from the

French company wartsila which generates electric power with the usage of gas engine. &he total electric

power generation of P'F gas power plant is 0mw.

&here are five Electric ;enerators are installed each generator generates (M1 of Electric Power.

MAIN COMPONENTS OF GAS POWER PLANT:

Filter

Head

Ignition Coil

=elf =tarter

@alves

2earing





Pilot

=par Plug

Piston Cylinder Compressor

Heat E#changer

Fly 1heel

1ater Cooler

Engines

Com$ustion cham$er

&ur$o





WORKING PRINCIPLE:

First of all fresh air is collected from the atmosphere with a certain

pressure then fresh air enters to compressor then compressor compressed the fresh air and

e#hausted fresh air at a high pressure then the air enters to pilot where the com$ustion

process taes place through ignition spar plug then $urning process starts the piston

cylinders assem$ly wors, assem$ly the shaft rotates the shaft .&he shaft is directly

coupled to the Electric ;enerator finally Electric Power generates.

CONCLUSION:

In this visit of P'F Power we studied how thermal power station wor and understand its

operation. In this visit we gained much practical nowledge a$out steam power station.

&he thermal power stations are also used as $ase load $ecause its running time is more as

compare to diesel or hydral power station. And also the cost of electricity produced is less

as compare to diesel power station.

Pof Visit Report Ph

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