MRS. BOARD

Poetry Terminology

RhymeThe repetition of similar

ending soundsTwinkle, twinkle, little star,

How I wonder what you are.Up above the world so high,Like a diamond in the sky.Twinkle, twinkle, little star,How I wonder what you are!

Rhyme scheme

The pattern that a poem follows:For example  There once was a big brown cat      a

  That liked to eat a lot of mice.         b  He got all round and fat                   a  Because they tasted so nice.            b

Now you try! Write a short poem that follows “abab” rhyme scheme

meterThe basic rhythmic structure

of a verse or lines in verseAnd the sound of a voice

that is still

Hickory Dickory Dock Hickory Dickory Dock,

The mouse ran up the clock.The clock struck one,The mouse ran down!Hickory Dickory Dock.

Iambic pentameter10 syllables for each line into 5 pairs The following line from John Keats' "Ode to

Autumn" is an example:"To swell the gourd and plump the hazel shells"

To | swell, the | gourd, and | plump, the | ha zel | shellsHere each iambic pair is separated by a |

To swell The Gourd And Plump The Ha- -zel shells

Da Dum Da Dum Da Dum Da Dum Da dumTo Be Or Not To be Tha

t Is the Ques- tion

Da Dum Da Dum Da Dum Da Dum Da dum

syntax

Paying attention to the syntax in poetry means you look at the grammatical order of the words

The order of the poems’ words, or syntax, conveys an emotional, psychological and spiritual impact

“O Romeo, Romeo, wherefore art thou Romeo?”

My mords are all wixed up

Diction

the linguistic style, the vocabulary, and the metaphors used in the writing of poetry.

Each poet has their own style, but you can also copy the style of others Who have we read

about this year that wanted to be poet, but always copied the style of others?

Form

the length of the lines, their rhythms, their system of rhymes and repetition.

type of poem where these features have been shaped into a pattern, especially a familiar pattern. Acrostic or shape poem

Another sense of "form" is to refer to simple and open-ended forms free verse – essentially has NO form Sonnet - has a very STRICT form Haiku – has a STRICT form

couplet

Humpty Dumpty sat on a wall/Humpty Dumpty had a great fall/All the king's horses and all the king's men/Couldn't put Humpty together again!

Stanza Do not go Gentle into that Good Night

byDylan Thomas

Do not go gentle into that good night, Old age should burn and rave at close of day; Rage, rage against the dying of the light. Though wise men at their end know dark is right, Because their words had forked no lightning they Do not go gentle into that good night.

Good men, the last wave by, crying how bright Their frail deeds might have danced in a green bay, Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

Wild men who caught and sang the sun in flight, And learn, too late, they grieved it on its way, Do not go gentle into that good night.

Grave men, near death, who see with blinding sight Blind eyes could blaze like meteors and be gay, Rage, rage against the dying of the light.

And you, my father, there on the sad height, Curse, bless me now with your fierce tears, I pray. Do not go gentle into that good night. Rage, rage against the dying of the light.  

Challenge Fill out

the RHYME SCHEME of this poem

Imagery Writing that appeals to the 5

senses Spring The newborn flowers blossom 

in all sizes and vivid colors.When you walk by, their sweet and luscious aromas ensnare you..The beautiful butterflies titterAround the light grassy areas.The trees are full of lush, dark green leaves.Spring is when you can really savor the intense scent of nature.

Alliteration

Alliterative Absurdities If you caught a captious curate killing kippers for the cook,

In the cloisters with a club yclept1 a cleek2,Would you say he was as wilyAs a cunning crocodilyCatching cockles with a corkscrew in a creek?

If you beheld a battleboat bombarding Biscay BayWhile the big guns bellowed bold from brazen throat,Would you say it was as funnyAs a bouncing blue-backed bunnyBlowing bubbles with a bobby in a boat?

If you saw a driveling dreamer drowning ducklings in a ditch,And deducting data dry as dust to see,Would you say that this death-dealerWas of ducks and drakes a stealer,Or of Darwin's dead ideas a devotee?

Irony

Contradiction of what is expected and what really happens Verbal Situational Dramatic

Rime of the Ancient Marinerby Samuel Taylor Coleridge

Water, water, every where,And all the boards did shrink;Water, water, every where,Nor any drop to drink.

Symbolism

These are common SYMBOLS in English poetry

Sleep is often related to death. Dreams are linked to the future or fate.

Seasons often represent ages: spring--youth, summer--prime of life, autumn--middle age, winter--old age or death.

Water is sometimes linked to the idea of birth or purification.

Colors are often linked to emotions: red--anger, blue--happiness, green--jealousy. They are also used to represent states of being: black--death or evil, white--purity or innocence, green--growth.

Onomatopoeia

•FREE VERSE•SONNET•LYRIC

•NARRATIVE•BALLAD

Examples of Poetry

•ELEGY•EPIC•ODE

•HAIKU

Free versethe poet makes up the rules for each poem!I Dream'd in a Dream

by Walt Whitman

  I DREAM'D in a dream I saw a city invincible to the attacks of the    whole of the rest of the earth,  I dream'd that was the new city of Friends,  Nothing was greater there than the quality of robust love, it led    the rest,  It was seen every hour in the actions of the men of that city,  And in all their looks and words.

Sonnet

Fourteen line poem in iambic pentameter with a prescribed rhyme scheme

Iamb – a two syllable unit of sound (toDAY, forGET, gaRAGE)

Pentameter – means measure five

“Today I will forget to weep for you”

Fourteen lines of iambic pentameter with a rhyme scheme of ababcdcdefefgg and a structured message consisting of three four-line premises and a two-line (a couplet) resolution.

My college life has left me without sleep. I study every night locked in my room. The loneliness doth cause my soul to weep, The walls at times feel almost like a tomb. My social life has vanished in the haze That drifts about me when I think of love, And hours doeth creep by in a blurry daze With hope of romance stolen from above. My health is really starting to erode. I cannot walk and talk ‘cause I must pant And wheeze because my bod cannot the load Endure; and as to run, well I just can’t. So from the doctor I must seek some help. I bet he will suggest I eat some kelp.

http://users.scc.spokane.edu/jroth/courses/literature%20131/poetry%20chest%20files/sonnets%20made%20easy.htm

Lyric Dying

byEmily Dickinson

I heard a fly buzz when I died;The stillness round my formWas like the stillness in the airBetween the heaves of storm.

The eyes beside had wrung them dry,And breaths were gathering sureFor that last onset, when the kingBe witnessed in his power.

I willed my keepsakes, signed awayWhat portion of me ICould make assignable,-and thenThere interposed a fly,

With blue, uncertain, stumbling buzz,Between the light and me;And then the windows failed, and thenI could not see to see.

Narrative

A poem that tells a story, like a narrative essay

The Creamation of Sam McGeehttp://www.wordfocus.com/wordactcremation

.html

balladOn Top of Spaghetti On top of spaghetti,All covered with cheese,I lost my poor meatball,When somebody sneezed.

It rolled off the table,And on to the floor,And then my poor meatball,Rolled out of the door.

It rolled in the garden,And under a bush,And then my poor meatball,Was nothing but mush.

The mush was as tastyAs tasty could be,And then the next summer,It grew into a tree.

The tree was all covered,All covered with moss,And on it grew meatballs,And tomato sauce.

So if you eat spaghetti,All covered with cheese,Hold on to your meatball,Whenever you sneeze.

often have verses of four lines

usually have a rhyming pattern: either  abac  or aabb or  acbc (usually the easiest to rhyme)

Ballads contain a lot of dialogue. 

Action is often described in the first person

http://www.elyrics.net/read/g/guns-n_-roses-lyrics/november-rain-lyrics.html

November Rain by Guns N’ Roses

Elegy

In Flanders Fieldsby John McCrae, May 1915

In Flanders fields the poppies blowBetween the crosses, row on row,That mark our place; and in the skyThe larks, still bravely singing, flyScarce heard amid the guns below.

We are the Dead. Short days agoWe lived, felt dawn, saw sunset glow,

Loved and were loved, and now we lieIn Flanders fields.

Take up our quarrel with the foe:To you from failing hands we throwThe torch; be yours to hold it high.If ye break faith with us who dieWe shall not sleep, though poppies growIn Flanders fields.

Epic

“The Iliad” and “The Odyssey” by Homer are the most famous example of epic poetry

“The Song of Hiawatha” by Longfellow http://www.hwlongfellow.

org/poems_poem.php?pid=62

Epic Poems are long, serious poems that tells the story of a heroic figure.

odeDedicated To Someone Or Something Which Captures The Poets Interest Or Sevres As An Inspiration For The Ode ...

An Ode to HalloweenWhen you see a childIn a costume scary and wildYou know it is Halloween.

When kids go trick-or-treatsAnd get lots and lots of sweetsYou know it is Halloween.

When the trees give up their yellow leavesAnd the dead give back their R.I.P.sYou know it is Halloween.

An Ode to scrumptious snacksAn Ode to skeletons that clack

An Ode to DraculaAn Ode to tarantulasAn Ode to Halloween

An Ode to the year’s best timeAn Ode to clocks that chimeAn Ode to Halloween

Haiku

Japanese poem 3 unrhymed lines of 5-7-5

syllablesHere's a Haiku to help you

remember how to write a Haiku

I am first with fiveThen seven in the middle -- Five again to end.

"What am I?" Haikus: Green and speckled legs,

Hop on logs and lily pads Splash in cool water.

In a pouch I grow,On a southern continent -- Strange creatures I know.