PoetryPoetry

Preview and ReviewPreview and Review

http://kidskonnect.com/subject-index/20-language-arts/343-figurative-language.html

Lines and StanzasLines and Stanzas• Lines: similar to sentencesLines: similar to sentences

– Example: “Roses are red…”Example: “Roses are red…”

• Stanzas: similar to paragraphsStanzas: similar to paragraphs– One of the divisions of a poem, One of the divisions of a poem,

composed of two or more lines usually composed of two or more lines usually characterized by a common pattern of characterized by a common pattern of meter, rhyme, and number of lines. (meter, rhyme, and number of lines. (http://www.thefreedictionary.com/stanzahttp://www.thefreedictionary.com/stanza))

– Examples: Examples: http://www.poetry-online.org/noyes_dadhttp://www.poetry-online.org/noyes_daddy_fell_into_the_pond.htmdy_fell_into_the_pond.htm

Narrative PoetryNarrative Poetry

• Tells a storyTells a story

• Example: Example: The Cremation of Sam McGeeThe Cremation of Sam McGee

• Contains plot:Contains plot:– Exposition, rising action, climax, falling Exposition, rising action, climax, falling

action, resolutionaction, resolution– Characters: main, minorCharacters: main, minor– Setting: time & place; when & whereSetting: time & place; when & where

HaikuHaiku

• 3 lines3 lines

• 5-7-5 (rhythm)5-7-5 (rhythm)

• JapaneseJapanese

• Topic: natureTopic: nature

A storm is coming (5)A storm is coming (5)

It is thundering outside (7)It is thundering outside (7)

I am scared to death! (5)I am scared to death! (5)22ndnd class (2010-2011) class (2010-2011)

It is flooding here. (5)It is flooding here. (5)

A tornado is coming! (7)A tornado is coming! (7)

I think I might die! (5)I think I might die! (5)

33rdrd class (2010-2011) class (2010-2011)

LimericksLimericks• To begin, a limerick is a funny little poem To begin, a limerick is a funny little poem

containing five lines. It has a very containing five lines. It has a very distinctive rhythm and rhyme pattern.distinctive rhythm and rhyme pattern.

• 5 lines, AABBA, lines 1, 2, 5 longer & lines 5 lines, AABBA, lines 1, 2, 5 longer & lines 3,4 are shorter3,4 are shorter

• Example 1:Example 1:– There once was a fellow named Tim (A) There once was a fellow named Tim (A) – whose dad never taught him to swim. (A) whose dad never taught him to swim. (A) – He fell off a dock (B) He fell off a dock (B) – and sunk like a rock. (B) and sunk like a rock. (B) – And that was the end of him. (A) And that was the end of him. (A)

http://www.gigglepoetry.com/POETRYCLASS/limerickcontesthelp.html

Limerick continued…Limerick continued…

• Example 2:Example 2:– There once was a young girl named Jill.There once was a young girl named Jill.– Who was scared by the sight of a drill. Who was scared by the sight of a drill. – She brushed every day She brushed every day – So her dentist would say, So her dentist would say, – ““Your teeth are so perfect; no bill.”Your teeth are so perfect; no bill.”

http://www.gigglepoetry.com/POETRYCLASS/limerickcontesthelp.html

Figurative Language vs. Sound Figurative Language vs. Sound DevicesDevices

• Figurative Figurative LanguageLanguage– HyperboleHyperbole– SimileSimile– MetaphorMetaphor– PersonificationPersonification

• Sound DevicesSound Devices– Alliteration Alliteration

(repetition)(repetition)– OnomatopoeiaOnomatopoeia– RhymeRhyme– Rhyme schemeRhyme scheme

HyperboleHyperbole

• ExaggerationsExaggerations• Examples:Examples:

– My backpack weighs a ton.My backpack weighs a ton.– I’m so sick, I think I’m dying!I’m so sick, I think I’m dying!– It’s so fluffy! I think I’m going to die!It’s so fluffy! I think I’m going to die!– It’s raining cats and dogs!It’s raining cats and dogs!

• Ex. Definition: hyper … bole (bowl… Ex. Definition: hyper … bole (bowl… cannot be hyper: this is exaggerated)cannot be hyper: this is exaggerated)

Simile vs. MetaphorSimile vs. Metaphor

• SimileSimile– Compare 2 “unlike” Compare 2 “unlike”

things things (nouns/pronouns)(nouns/pronouns)

– Uses like or asUses like or as

http://www.graves.k12.ky.us/schhttp://www.graves.k12.ky.us/schools/gcms/ksmith/Similes%20andools/gcms/ksmith/Similes%20and%20Metaphors.ppt%20Metaphors.ppt

• MetaphorMetaphor– Compare 2 “unlike” Compare 2 “unlike”

things things (nouns/pronouns)(nouns/pronouns)

– Don’t use like or asDon’t use like or as

http://jc-schools.net/writeaway/similie-metaph.ppt#256,1,Slide 1

PersonificationPersonification

• Giving an animal or Giving an animal or object human object human characteristicscharacteristics

• Example: some Disney Example: some Disney characterscharacters– ex. Mickey Mouseex. Mickey Mouse

– ElmoElmo– GoofyGoofy– TeapotTeapot– Scooby DooScooby Doo– And Scrappy tooAnd Scrappy too– Bugs BunnyBugs Bunny– Roger RabbitRoger Rabbit– The Cookie MonsterThe Cookie Monster

– Daffy DuckDaffy Duck– Minnie MouseMinnie Mouse– Lightening McQueenLightening McQueen– Daisy DuckDaisy Duck– Annoying Orange Annoying Orange

(YouTube)(YouTube)– Howard the DuckHoward the Duck– Mater (Tow Mater)Mater (Tow Mater)– PlutoPluto– Chip and DaleChip and Dale– Sponge BobSponge Bob

AlliterationAlliteration

• Repetition of the same sound of 2 or Repetition of the same sound of 2 or more wordsmore words

• Ex. Ex. “The Raven” by Edgar Allan Poe“The Raven” by Edgar Allan Poe• Examples:Examples:

– Tongue twisters Tongue twisters – Peter piper…Peter piper…– Sally by the Seashore…Sally by the Seashore…– Woodchuck chucking wood…Woodchuck chucking wood…

OnomatopoeiaOnomatopoeia

• Words that represent sounds that Words that represent sounds that things makethings make

• Examples:Examples:– Clock… tic tocClock… tic toc– Doorbell… ding dongDoorbell… ding dong– Bee… buzzzzzBee… buzzzzz

Rhyme and Rhyme SchemeRhyme and Rhyme Scheme

• Rhyme: words that sound the sameRhyme: words that sound the same

• Rhyme Scheme: a pattern of rhymesRhyme Scheme: a pattern of rhymes– End rhyme: words at the ends of linesEnd rhyme: words at the ends of lines– Internal rhyme: words in the same lineInternal rhyme: words in the same line– Common rhyme patterns: aabb, ababCommon rhyme patterns: aabb, abab

• Poems do NOT have to rhymePoems do NOT have to rhyme

RepetitionRepetition

• Something is repeatedSomething is repeated

• Words, lines, stanzasWords, lines, stanzas

• Example: lineExample: line– John Mayer, “Waiting on the world to John Mayer, “Waiting on the world to

change”change”

• Examples: The Cremation of Sam McGeeExamples: The Cremation of Sam McGee– Words: coldWords: cold– Stanzas: 1Stanzas: 1stst and last and last

ImageryImagery

• Putting images in your mind or Putting images in your mind or relating them to your experiences.relating them to your experiences.

• Words, phrases, lines, etc.Words, phrases, lines, etc.– Pictures in your mindPictures in your mind– Reminder of your experiencesReminder of your experiences

Analyze (technical)Analyze (technical)

• Poetry basicsPoetry basics (lines, stanzas, main idea, (lines, stanzas, main idea, mood, speaker, vocabulary)mood, speaker, vocabulary)

• Figurative languageFigurative language (Hyperbole, Simile, (Hyperbole, Simile, Metaphor, Personification)Metaphor, Personification)

• Sound devicesSound devices (Alliteration, (Alliteration, Onomatopoeia, Rhyme, Rhyme scheme, Onomatopoeia, Rhyme, Rhyme scheme, Repetition)Repetition)

• ImageryImagery– Pictures in your mindPictures in your mind– Reminder of your experiencesReminder of your experiences

Evaluate (opinion)Evaluate (opinion)

• Based on:Based on:– Your experiencesYour experiences– Things you’ve seenThings you’ve seen– Your beliefsYour beliefs– Etc.Etc.

DescriptiveDescriptive

• Describing for imageryDescribing for imagery

• Using:Using:– AdjectivesAdjectives– AdverbsAdverbs

Other:Other:

• Use Use dictionariesdictionaries to spell words correctly to spell words correctly• Use a Use a thesaurusthesaurus to find new vocabulary to find new vocabulary

instead of the same instead of the same “boring, elementary “boring, elementary school”school” words words

• Use your Use your experiencesexperiences to relate to poetry to relate to poetry• Write to express your Write to express your feelingsfeelings about about

things happening in your lifethings happening in your life• Write for Write for pleasurepleasure