René Descartes

René Descartes

René Descartes (born on the 31 March 1596 in France, died on the 11 February 1650 in Sweden) was a French mathematician, scientist, and philosopher. He was one of the first to abandon scholastic Aristotelianism, because he formulated the first modern version of mind-body dualism, from which stems the mind-body problem, and because he promoted the development of a new science grounded in observation and experiment, he has been called the father of modern philosophy.

René Descartes

„Cogito ergo sum”

=

„Je pense, donc je suis”

=

„I think, therefore I am”

~René Descartes

René Descartes One of Descartes' most enduring

legacies was his development of Cartesian or analytic geometry, which uses algebra to describe geometry. Descartes invented the convention of representing unknowns in equations by x, y, and z, and knowns by a, b, and c. He also pioneered the standard notation that uses superscripts to show the powers or exponents; for example, the 4 used in x4 to indicate squaring of squaring. He was first to assign a fundamental place for algebra in our system of knowledge, and believed that algebra was a method to automate or mechanize reasoning, particularly about abstract, unknown quantities.

Vocabulary

abandon -porzucić

Aristotelianism – teoria Arystotelesa

mind-body dualism/problem – związek pomiędzy duchowością (mentalnością /umysłem) a fizycznością

stem – rdzeń

development – rozwój

enduring – stały

legacies – spuścizna,dziedzictwo

the convention of representing unknows – konwencja o przedstwieniu niewiadomych

equations – równanie

notation – zapis, symbol

exponent – wykładnik potęgowy

indicate - oznacza

superscript – (dosł) – zapisany u góry, indeks

assign – przydzielać

reasoning – rozumowanie

particularly – szczególnie

quantities – ilości, wielkości

Exercises(Keep calm, it's nothing difficult :)

1. Fifteen less than twice a number

= 15 - 2x

= 2x + 15

= 2x - 15

= None of the above.

2. Three times a number, increased by seventeen

= 3(a + 17)

= 3a + 17

= (17 + 3)a

= None of the above.

3. The product of nine and a number, decreased by six

= 9(m - 6)

= 6(9 - m)

= 9m - 6

= None of the above.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Descartes http://www.britannica.com/biography/Rene-Descartes

XX Secondary School in Gdańsk, PolandSupervision: Agnieszka Jackiewicz

Consultation: Maria Hebel, Jolanta Chamerska

Author: Magdalena Jarska, Dominika Nowicka