Po bech05

Copyright © 2008 Wolters Kluwer Health | Lippincott Williams & Wilkins

Chapter 5

Finding and Critiquing Evidence: Research Literature Reviews

Chapter 5

Finding and Critiquing Evidence: Research Literature Reviews


Purposes of a Literature ReviewPurposes of a Literature Review

• Identification of a research problem

• Orientation to what is known/not known

• Determination of gaps or inconsistencies in a body of research

• Determination of a need to replicate a study

• Identification of clinical interventions that need to be tested


Purposes of a Literature Review (cont’d)Purposes of a Literature Review (cont’d)

• Identification of relevant conceptual frameworks for a research problem

• Identification of suitable designs and data collection methods

• Identification of experts who could be used as consultants on a project

• Assistance in interpreting findings and developing implications


Sources of Information in a Research Literature Review

Sources of Information in a Research Literature Review

•Principal reliance on primary sources (research reports written by researchers who conducted the study)

•Less reliance on secondary sources (summaries of studies by others)

•Peripheral use of anecdotal reports, opinion articles, case reports


Types of Search in Electronic DatabasesTypes of Search in Electronic Databases

Subject searchSearch for topics or keywords in the database

Textword searchSearch for specific words in text fields of the database record

Author searchSearch for a specific researcher


Key Electronic Databases for Nurse Researchers

Key Electronic Databases for Nurse Researchers

•CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature)

•MEDLINE® (Medical Literature on-Line)

•The Institute for Scientific Information’s (ISI) Web of Knowledge


Example of a Printout From a CINAHL Search

Example of a Printout From a CINAHL Search


Example of a Printout From a PubMed Search

Example of a Printout From a PubMed Search


Abstracting and Recording InformationAbstracting and Recording Information

•Coding the studies

•Literature review protocols

•Literature review matrixes


Codes for Results Matrix/Coding in Margins

Codes for Results Matrix/Coding in Margins


Example of a Literature Review Protocol Example of a Literature Review Protocol


Critiquing Studies and Evaluating the Evidence

Critiquing Studies and Evaluating the Evidence

•Research critiques of individual studies

•Evaluating a body of research


Analyzing and Synthesizing InformationAnalyzing and Synthesizing Information

Theme Analysis:

• Substantive themes

• Theoretical themes

• Methodologic themes

• Generalizability/transferabilty themes

• Historical themes

• “Researcher” themes


Preparing a Written Literature ReviewPreparing a Written Literature Review

•Organizing the review

•Writing a literature review

1. Content

2. Style


Guidelines for Critiquing Literature Reviews

Guidelines for Critiquing Literature Reviews

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