1956;17;183PediatricsPneumonia in Newborn Infants

  

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ISSN: 0031-4005. Online ISSN: 1098-4275.PrintIllinois, 60007. Copyright © 1956 by the American Academy of Pediatrics. All rights reserved.

by the American Academy of Pediatrics, 141 Northwest Point Boulevard, Elk Grove Village,it has been published continuously since 1948. PEDIATRICS is owned, published, and trademarked PEDIATRICS is the official journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics. A monthly publication,

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ORIGINAL ARTICLES 183

(lel rehydratatioii, le apparentia initial de iste

infantes non es usualmente lo que on associa

con dishydratation. Le turgor cutanee es de-

ceptivemente normal; le globos ocular non es

infundate; e le signos de disfallimento del cir-

culation peripheric es nunquam prominente.

Le absentia de signos de dishydratation e le

evidente affection del systema nervose central

duce generalmente al diagnose initial de un

infection del systema nervose central o de un

altere catastrophe e causa frequentemente un

1)ostPonimento del uso de un adequate therapian fluido. Quando un punctura lumbar es execu-

tate, un elevation del nivello proteinic in le

fluido spinal es regularmente discoperite como

Ic sol anormalitate. Le electroencephalogramma

es diffusemente anormal.

Iste genere de deficit de aqua in excesso de

electrolyto resulta de un combination de plure

factores. Le ration de aqua es basse in conse-

quentia de anorexis e vomito. Iso- o hypertonicsolutiones salin ha frequentemente essite ad-

ministrate a iste patientes como parte de un

mal-cogitate therapia, e le perdita de aqua

via le pelle e le pulmones e a transverso Ic

tubo gastrointestinal es considerabile. In plus,

iste infantes non succede a adequatemente con-

centrar le urina, e assi Ic dishydratation es

accentuate ancora plus. Le incapacitate a con-

centrar le urina pare esser un defecto transiente

iue dispare quando Ic infantes es rehydratate.Studios de balancia esseva executate in un

numero de infantes. Iste studios monstra que

Ic deficit de aqua occurre quasi integremente

a! costo del fluido intracellular. Durante ledisveloppamento del condition e durante Icrecuperation ab illo Ic natnum e Ic kalium del

corpore monstra pauc perdita o augmento.

Del altere latere, un satis marcate retention

de chloruro es manifeste durante Ic genese del

condition. Illo se perde externemente durante

Ic recuperation.

Le therapia de iste infantes se face Ic melio

per medio de solutiones parenteral que contine50 a 60 mEq de natrium per litro. I! pare que

Ic uso de solutiones continente kalium es plus

tosto contra-indicate. Le rapide adjustamento

del concentrationes electrolytic per medio del

administration de solutiones de glucosa debeesser evitate proque iste procedimento tende a

accentuar Ic disturbation del systema nervose

central. Le signos e symptomas del systema

nervose central dispare quando Ic concentra-

tiones plasmatic ha retornate a nivellos normal.

PNEuxI0NIA iN NEWBOHN INFANTS, Alexander J. Schaffer et al. (J.A.M.A., 159:663,October 15, 1955.)

The occurrence of pneumonia in newborn infants has been recognized by pathologistsfor many years. The authors are of the opinion that pediatricians have not recognizedthis condition as often as they should and that early diagnosis will permit successfultreatment. The authors refer to a form of pneumonia which may develop in utero01 in the first few hours of life in contrast to the forms of pneumonia well known tooccur later in the neonatal period from a variety of established etiologic agents.The organisms found in the pulmonary inflammation in the fetal lung usually arethose conimonly found in the maternal vagina. The pathogenic mechanisms which

per11�it these organisms to invade the fetal lung are discussed. Pneumonia in theearly neonatal period usually occurs in cases where membranes rupture more than6 hours before delivery, who were the products of prolonged and complicated labors,01 in premature infants. Details of treatment to he instituted in newborn infantsdemonstrating signs indicative of pneumonia are discussed. The authors suggest thatpneumonia is a sole cause of death in 6 to 9 per cent of all stillborn or newborninfants. Infants affected with pneumonia at birth commonly show signs of illnesssuch as would be expected from pneumonia, although the manifestations may besubtle and all the usual symptoms and signs are not regularly present. The authorsstate that if pediatricians were to be suspicious of the diagnosis of pneumonia in thenewborn and observe the symptoms described, the diagnosis would be made morefrequently and successful therapy might be instituted. They also have hopes thatsome cases might be prevented by remembering the conditions during the later stagesof pregnancy which may result in pneumonia in the fetus.

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1956;17;183PediatricsPneumonia in Newborn Infants

  

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Online ISSN: 1098-4275.Copyright © 1956 by the American Academy of Pediatrics. All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0031-4005. American Academy of Pediatrics, 141 Northwest Point Boulevard, Elk Grove Village, Illinois, 60007.has been published continuously since 1948. PEDIATRICS is owned, published, and trademarked by the PEDIATRICS is the official journal of the American Academy of Pediatrics. A monthly publication, it

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