PLM 316.pdf

© SAP AG LO816 Preface-1

SAP AG 2001

/2��3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH��&RQWUROOLQJ�)XQFWLRQV

/2��/2��3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�&RQWUROOLQJ�)XQFWLRQV3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�&RQWUROOLQJ�)XQFWLRQV SAP AG

n System R/3

n Release 4.6C

n April 2001

n Material Number 50045188


SAP AG 2001

&RS\ULJKW��6$3�$*��$OO�ULJKWV�UHVHUYHG�1R�SDUW�RI�WKLV�SXEOLFDWLRQ�PD\�EH�UHSURGXFHG�RU�WUDQVPLWWHG�LQDQ\�IRUP�RU�IRU�DQ\�SXUSRVH�ZLWKRXW�WKH�H[SUHVV�SHUPLVVLRQ�RI6$3�$*��7KH�LQIRUPDWLRQ�FRQWDLQHG�KHUHLQ�PD\�EH�FKDQJHGZLWKRXW�SULRU�QRWLFH�$OO�ULJKWV�UHVHUYHG�

&RS\ULJKW

7UDGHPDUNV�n Some software products marketed by SAP AG and its distributors contain proprietary software

components of other software vendors.

n Microsoft®, WINDOWS®, NT®, EXCEL®, Word®, PowerPoint® and SQL Server® are registeredtrademarks of Microsoft Corporation.

n IBM®, DB2®, OS/2®, DB2/6000®, Parallel Sysplex®, MVS/ESA®, RS/6000®, AIX®, S/390®,AS/400®, OS/390®, and OS/400® are registered trademarks of IBM Corporation.

n ORACLE® is a registered trademark of ORACLE Corporation.

n INFORMIX®-OnLine for SAP and INFORMIX® Dynamic ServerTM are registered trademarks of Informix Software Incorporated.

n UNIX®, X/Open®, OSF/1®, and Motif® are registered trademarks of the Open Group.

n HTML, DHTML, XML, XHTML are trademarks or registered trademarks of W3C®, World WideWeb Consortium, Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

n JAVA® is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc.

n JAVASCRIPT® is a registered trademark of Sun Microsystems, Inc., used under license fortechnology invented and implemented by Netscape.

n SAP, SAP Logo, R/2, RIVA, R/3, ABAP, SAP ArchiveLink, SAP Business Workflow, WebFlow, SAP EarlyWatch, BAPI, SAPPHIRE, Management Cockpit, mySAP.com Logo and mySAP.com are trademarks or registered trademarks of SAP AG in Germany and in several other countries allover the world. All other products mentioned are trademarks or registered trademarks of theirrespective companies.


SAP AG 2001

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH��30�

/HYHO�� /HYHO��

��5 days

Maintenance Processing:Operational Functions

��3 days

Maintenance Processing:Controlling and Reporting

�� 3 days

Preventive Maintenanceand Service

��3 days

Document ManagementSystem

��3 days

��3 days

The Cross ApplicationTime Sheet (CATS)

�� 2 days

Structuring and ManagingTechnical Objects

��3 days

InvestmentManagement

�� 2 days

WCM Work ClearanceManagement

��3 days

Plant Maintenance

Classification


SAP AG 2001

&RXUVH�3UHUHTXLVLWHV

l /2��3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH��/HYHO��


SAP AG 2001

7DUJHW�*URXS

l 3DUWLFLSDQW� 0DQDJHU�RI�SURMHFW�WHDP� 0HPEHUV�RI�WKH�SURMHFW�WHDP�UHVSRQVLEOH�IRU�GHYHORSLQJ�WKH

&RQWUROOLQJ�IXQFWLRQV�LQ�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH��DQG�ZKR�VKRXOGWKHUHIRUH�GHILQH�WKH�UHOHYDQW�V\VWHP�VHWWLQJV

l 'XUDWLRQ��GD\V

1RWHV�WR�WKH�XVHUn The training materials are QRW�WHDFK�\RXUVHOI�SURJUDPV.�They FRPSOHPHQW�WKH�FRXUVH�LQVWUXFWRUV

H[SODQDWLRQV.�Your material includes space for noting down this additional information.

© SAP AG LO816 1-1

SAP AG 2001

&RQWHQWV�

&RXUVH�2YHUYLHZ

l &RXUVH�JRDOl &RXUVH�REMHFWLYHVl &RXUVH�FRQWHQWl &RXUVH�RYHUYLHZ�GLDJUDPl 0DLQ�EXVLQHVV�VFHQDULR

© SAP AG LO816 1-2

SAP AG 2001

$W�WKH�FRQFOXVLRQ�RI�WKLV�FRXUVH��\RX�ZLOO�EH�DEOH�WR�

l 3HUIRUP�&RQWUROOLQJ�IRU�PDLQWHQDQFH�RUGHUVl 8VH�WKH�UHSRUWLQJ�IXQFWLRQV�IRU�WKH�3ODQW

0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHPl $GDSW�WKH�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP

&RXUVH�*RDO

© SAP AG LO816 1-3

SAP AG 2001

Unit 5 %XGJHWLQJ�DQG�FRVWSODQQLQJ

Unit 6 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP

Unit 1 &RXUVH�RYHUYLHZUnit 2 ,QWURGXFWLRQUnit 3 &RVWV�LQ�PDLQWHQDQFH

SURFHVVUnit 4 6HWWOHPHQW�RI�RUGHUV

3UHIDFH

$SSHQGL[

&RXUVH�&RQWHQW

© SAP AG LO816 1-4

SAP AG 2001

&RXUVH�2YHUYLHZ

l &RXUVH�RYHUYLHZl ,QWURGXFWLRQl &RVWV�LQ�WKH�PDLQWHQDQFH�SURFHVVl 6HWWOHPHQW�RI�RUGHUVl %XGJHWLQJ�DQG�FRVW�SODQQLQJl 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP

© SAP AG LO816 1-5

SAP AG 2001

l ,Q�WKH�FRPSDQ\��WHFKQLFDO��FRVW�RULHQWHG�REMHFW�EDVHG�DQG�DUHD�VSHFLILF�GHWDLOV�VKRXOGEH�HYDOXDWHG��7KH�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP��30,6��LV�XVHG�IRU�WKLVSXUSRVH�

0DLQ�%XVLQHVV�6FHQDULR

© SAP AG LO816 2-1

SAP AG 2001

l &RVW�WUDFNLQJ�LQ�PDLQWHQDQFH�SURFHVVHV�DQGRUJDQL]DWLRQDO�VWUXFWXUHV

,QWURGXFWLRQ

© SAP AG LO816 2-2

SAP AG 2001

8QLW�2EMHFWLYHV

l 'HVFULEH�WKH�YDOXH�IORZ�IRU�WKH�GLIIHUHQW�SURFHVVHVLQ�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH

l 'HVFULEH�WKH�UHOHYDQW�RUJDQL]DWLRQDO�XQLWV�LQ)LQDQFLDO�$FFRXQWLQJ�DQG�&RVW�$FFRXQWLQJ��DQGWKHLU�OLQN�WR�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH

$W�WKH�FRQFOXVLRQ�RI�WKLV�XQLW��\RX�ZLOO�EH�DEOH�WR�

© SAP AG LO816 2-3

SAP AG 2001

&RXUVH�2YHUYLHZ�'LDJUDP

%XGJHWLQJ�DQG�FRVWSODQQLQJ


&RVWV�LQPDLQWHQDQFH�SURFHVV


6HWWOHPHQW�RI�RUGHUV6HWWOHPHQW�RI�RUGHUV

,QWURGXFWLRQ,QWURGXFWLRQ

&RXUVH�RYHUYLHZ&RXUVH�RYHUYLHZ

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP

© SAP AG LO816 2-4

SAP AG 2001

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVV�2YHUYLHZ

��

�� "!#��

�$�� %��&��'��( �� &)

l 1RWLILFDWLRQ�RIXQSODQQHGPDLQWHQDQFHUHTXLUHPHQWV

l 5HOHDVH�RISODQQHGPDLQWHQDQFHZRUN

l 5HDVRQ�IRU�RWKHUPDLQWHQDQFHSODQV

�*�� +,� ��$�� -+,��

�*�� +,��%�� -+��%��

�� -+,��

n You can generate a maintenance order in three ways:

é In exceptional cases, owing to a breakdown or malfunction identified during production

é As planned, resulting from the scheduling of object-based maintenance plans, in which theperiodic due dates for inspection and maintenance work were determined

é Through other scheduled maintenance plans, such as revisions, modifications, or newdevelopments executed depending on requirements and capacity levels

n The maintenance order is thereby a critical integration object within the SAP components. It containsall the business information for monitoring the cost of maintenance activities.

© SAP AG LO816 2-5

SAP AG 2001

9DOXH�&RQFHSWV�LQ�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH

�� -+� ��

&RVWV

6HWWOHPHQWV $FWLYLWLHV

'HELW"

&UHGLW"

([SHQGLWXUH"

5HYHQXH"

n Based on the type of task (order type) and the processing stage, the values in the order can bedifferentiated according to costs, activities and settlements.

n &RVWV��In general, costs refer to the consumption of resources in order to ensure the necessaryoperational production capacity.

n $FWLYLWLHV��Activities are the result of the products and services required to execute an operation.

n 6HWWOHPHQWV��Settlements�are the partial or complete transfer of costs from one object to another.

n The maintenance order is GHELWHG�with FRVWV�at the rate of the respective resources consumed.

n 6HWWOHPHQW�means that the order is FUHGLWHG by transferring costs to another object.

n The FRVWV of an order generally correspond to H[SHQGLWXUH, whereas DFWLYLWLHV cannot normally beseen as UHYHQXH, since they are not sold.

© SAP AG LO816 2-6

SAP AG 2001

9DOXH�)ORZ�LQ�WKH�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVHV

,QVSHFWLRQ3UHYHQWLYH�PDLQWHQDQFH5HSDLU

5HIXUELVKPHQW

¶�3ODQQLQJè�'HELWLQJ�ZLWK�FRVWV��RI�SODQQHG�UHVRXUFHV

·�([HFXWLRQè�'HELWLQJ�ZLWK�FRVWV��RI�FRQVXPHG�UHVRXUFHV

¸�6HWWOHPHQWè�&UHGLWLQJ�ZLWK�FRVWV��RI�FRQVXPHG�UHVRXUFHV

¶�3ODQQLQJè�'HELWLQJ�ZLWK�FRVWV��RI�SODQQHG�UHVRXUFHV·�([HFXWLRQè�'HELWLQJ�ZLWK�FRVWV��RI�FRQVXPHG�UHVRXUFHVè�&UHGLWLQJ�ZLWK�DFWLYLWLHV��IURP�GHOLYHU\�RI��UHIXUELVKHG�PDWHULDOV¸�6HWWOHPHQWè�&UHGLWLQJ�RI�EDODQFH�IURP��FRVWV�RI�UHVRXUFHV��FRQVXPHG��DQG�VHUYLFHV�SURYLGHG

.�/10 243657,8�9;:;8

<>=�? @;A6BCDFE�G,D

<H=�? @;A6BCDIE�G,D

n In the case of the repair, inspection, or maintenance order, the respective order is:

é Debited with planned costs of required resources

é Debited with the actual costs of these resources each time resources are consumed

é Credited with the relevant actual costs settled (through settlement, the order forwards the costs ofresources consumed)

n In the case of a refurbishment order, the order is:

é Debited with the planned cost of required resources

é Debited with the actual costs of these resources each time resources are consumed

é Credited with the value of the refurbished materials following delivery

é Credited with the relevant actual costs settled (through settlement, the order forwards thedifference between the actual cost of resources consumed and services)

n In general, activities and settlements are classed as negative costs.

© SAP AG LO816 2-7

SAP AG 2001

5HVRXUFH�LQGHSHQGHQWRUGHU�SODQQLQJ

(VWLPDWHG�FRVWV

5HVRXUFH�UHODWHGRUGHU�SODQQLQJ

3ODQQHG�FRVWV

2UGHU�H[HFXWLRQ

$FWXDO�FRVWV

&RVWV�LQ�WKH�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVHV

n Depending on the stage of order processing, you can differentiate between the following costs:

é (VWLPDWHG�FRVWVIn resource-independent order planning, to specify the expected costs for an order.The estimated costs are entered manually in the order.

é 3ODQQHG�FRVWVThe system automatically determines planned costs for the order when order-specific resources arescheduled (operations with internal service, materials...).You cannot maintain planned costs manually.

é $FWXDO�FRVWVSince resources (internal services, materials...) are consumed for an order, the order isautomatically debited with actual costs during costing.You cannot enter actual costs manually.

© SAP AG LO816 2-8

SAP AG 2001

&OLHQW

&KDUW�RI�DFFRXQWV

%XVLQHVV�DUHD

&RPSDQ\�FRGH

��

&$86

��

*.5

JK�K�KL�M��NO��PQ�#��P��

R K�K�KL�M��S�S��

J�K�K�KL�M��N��PQ�#��P��

R K�K�KL�M��SS��

(QWHUSULVH�9LHZ��)LQDQFLDO�$FFRXQWLQJ

2UJDQL]DWLRQDO�6WUXFWXUH��

n &OLHQW��The client represents the company, and forms the data basis for the entire company.

n &KDUW�RI�DFFRXQWV��Each company code in the SAP system uses G/L accounts from one specificchart of accounts. The general ledger accounts are unique within a chart of accounts.The identification of the chart of accounts can be freely defined.

n &RPSDQ\�FRGH��In Financial Accounting, business transactions are mainly entered, saved, furtherprocessed and managed at the level of company code. You can set up several company codes foreach client, so that you can process the accounts of several independent companies/subsidiaries at thesame time. You must set up at least one company code.

n %XVLQHVV�DUHD��The business area represents an organizational unit, for which an internal reportingprocedure can be created. More than one business area can be attributed to a company code; thesebusiness areas can also be valid for other company codes. The business areas must therefore have thesame importance in all company codes. The use of this organizational level is optional. You usebusiness areas to create balance sheets and profit and loss statements for additional internal areas, aswell as for company codes.

© SAP AG LO816 2-9

SAP AG 2001

&OLHQW

&KDUW�RI�DFFRXQWV

&RPSDQ\�FRGH

&RQWUROOLQJ�DUHD

��

&$86

��

*.5

��

86$�

(QWHUSULVH�9LHZ��&RVW�$FFRXQWLQJ



n &KDUW�RI�DFFRXQWV��Each company code in the SAP system uses G/L accounts from one specificchart of accounts. The general ledger accounts are unique within a chart of accounts.The identification of the chart of accounts can be freely defined.

n &RQWUROOLQJ�DUHD��Complete cost accounting can be performed within a controlling area. There isgenerally a 1:1 relationship between controlling area and company code. You can assign more thanone company code to a controlling area for the purposes of cost accounting for all company codes.

n &RPSDQ\�FRGH��In Financial Accounting, business transactions are mainly entered, saved, furtherprocessed and managed at the level of company code. You can set up several company codes foreach client, so that you can process the accounts of several independent companies/subsidiaries at thesame time. You must set up at least one company code.

© SAP AG LO816 2-10

SAP AG 2001

&OLHQW

&RQWUROOLQJ�DUHD

&RPSDQ\�FRGH

��

��

��

��

�� 86$�

3ODQW

(QWHUSULVH�9LHZ��3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH



n &RQWUROOLQJ�DUHD��Complete cost accounting can be performed within a controlling area.

n &RPSDQ\�FRGH��The company code is an organizational unit in financial accounting and representsan independent unit to be balanced. From a cost accounting perspective, a company code is assignedto a controlling area.

n 3ODQW��The plant is a very important unit in Logistics. It generally represents a production locationwithin a company, and is assigned to the company using the company code.

© SAP AG LO816 2-11

SAP AG 2001

3ODQW 0DLQW��SODQW 3ODQQLQJ�SODQW

�� &HQWUDO

PDLQWHQDQFH�SODQQLQJ

'HFHQWUDOL]HGPDLQWHQDQFH�SODQQLQJ

0DLQWHQDQFH�ZRUN�FHQWHUV

0DLQWHQDQFHREMHFWV

��

6LJQLILFDQFH�RI�SODQW

2UJDQL]DWLRQDO�8QLWV�LQ�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH

n 0DLQWHQDQFH�SODQW��The maintenance plant is the plant where the technical systems or objects of acompany are installed.

n 0DLQWHQDQFH�SODQQLQJ�SODQW��The maintenance planning plant represents the organizational unitwhere maintenance requirements are planned. You can manage capacity units in Plant Maintenanceas maintenance work centers here.

n A maintenance planning plant can plan the maintenance requirements for several maintenance plants.If maintenance planning is undertaken in a maintenance plant, the plant is also a maintenanceplanning plant.

© SAP AG LO816 2-12

SAP AG 2001

��&RQWUROOLQJ�DUHD

0DLQWHQDQFHREMHFW

0DLQWHQDQFHZRUN�FHQWHU

��&RVW�FHQWHU

��&RVW�FHQWHU

&RVW�FHQWHU�XVDJH�LQ�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH

2UJDQL]DWLRQDO�8QLWV�LQ�&RVW�$FFRXQWLQJ

n &RVW�FHQWHU��A cost center is an organizational unit within a controlling area that clearly indicates aseparate area where costs arise. You can make this delimitation from a functional, accounting, spatialand/or cost stewardship perspective.

n You can use a cost center in Plant Maintenance to:

é Define the cost stewardship for a specific maintenance object

é Establish the organizational assignment of a work center from a cost accounting perspective.

© SAP AG LO816 2-13

SAP AG 2001

,QWURGXFWLRQ��8QLW�6XPPDU\

l 'HVFULEH�WKH�YDOXH�IORZ�IRU�WKH�GLIIHUHQW�SURFHVVHVLQ�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH

l 'HVFULEH�WKH�UHOHYDQW�RUJDQL]DWLRQDO�XQLWV�LQ)LQDQFLDO�$FFRXQWLQJ�DQG�&RVW�$FFRXQWLQJ��DQGWKHLU�OLQN�WR�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH

<RX�DUH�QRZ�DEOH�WR�

© SAP AG LO816 3-1

SAP AG 2001

l (VWLPDWHG�RUGHU�FRVWVl 3ODQQHG�DQG�DFWXDO�FRVW�GHWHUPLQDWLRQ�LQ�RUGHUl &RVW�YLHZV�LQ�PDLQWHQDQFH�RUGHUl &RPPLWPHQWV�PDQDJHPHQW�DQG�RYHUKHDG�FRVWLQJl 6SHFLDO�DQG�DGGLWLRQDO�IXQFWLRQV�RI�RUGHU�UHODWHG

FRVW�FRQWUROOLQJ

&RVWV�LQ�WKH�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVV

© SAP AG LO816 3-2

SAP AG 2001

8QLW�2EMHFWLYHV

$W�WKH�FRQFOXVLRQ�RI�WKLV�XQLW��\RX�ZLOO�EH�DEOH�WR�l 3HUIRUP�D�FRVW�HVWLPDWHl 'HVFULEH�WKH�UXOHV�DQG�SUHUHTXLVLWHV�IRU

GHWHUPLQLQJ�SODQQHG�DQG�DFWXDO�FRVWVl &DOFXODWH�RYHUKHDG�UDWHVl 0DQDJH�FRPPLWPHQWVl 8VH�WKH�GLIIHUHQW�FRVW�YLHZVl 0DNH�WKH�UHOHYDQW�VHWWLQJV�LQ�&XVWRPL]LQJ

© SAP AG LO816 3-3

SAP AG 2001










© SAP AG LO816 3-4

SAP AG 2001

l 7KH�FRVWV�RI�PDLQWHQDQFH�WDVNV�DUH�SURFHVVHG�LQWKH�PDLQWHQDQFH�RUGHU�

l 7KH�FRVWV�FDQ�WKHUHE\�EH�SODQQHG�RUPRQLWRUHG�LQ�GHWDLO�IRU�HDFK�SURFHVVLQJSKDVH�RI�WKH�RUGHU�

l 7ZR�GLIIHUHQW�FRVW�YLHZV�DUHDYDLODEOH�IRU�DQDO\VLV�

%XVLQHVV�6FHQDULR

© SAP AG LO816 3-5

SAP AG 2001

5HVRXUFH�LQGHSHQGHQWRUGHU�SODQQLQJ

(VWLPDWHG�&RVWV�RI�WKH�0DLQWHQDQFH�2UGHU

å�2YHUDOO�HVWLPDWLRQ��(VWLPDWLRQ�EDVHG�RQ��YDOXH�FDWHJRULHV

n Before the order is released, you can enter estimated costs in the form of a manually entered cut-offvalue. You can enter these estimated costs in resource-independent order planning. This enables youto specify the expected costs for an order.

n Estimated costs are recorded in the 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP for subsequentevaluation.

© SAP AG LO816 3-6

SAP AG 2001

å 2YHUDOO�HVWLPDWLRQÅ 6SHFLILFDWLRQ�RI�WRWDO�RUGHU�YDOXHÅ (VWLPDWLRQ�EDVHG�RQ�YDOXH�FDWHJRULHV

� (VWLPDWLRQ�EDVHG�RQ�YDOXH�FDWHJRULHVÅ 6SHFLILFDWLRQ�RI�YDOXH�IRU

HDFK�UHVRXUFH�W\SHÅ 7KH�WRWDO�RUGHU�YDOXH�LV�XSGDWHGÅ 6SHFLI\LQJ�WRWDO�RUGHU�YDOXH

LV�QR�ORQJHU�SRVVLEOH

á�2UGHU�FUHDWLRQ

á�RUGHU�SODQQLQJ

O�2UGHU�UHOHDVH

à�2UGHU�H[HFXWLRQ

à�2UGHU�FRPSOHWLRQ

2SWLRQV�IRU�(VWLPDWLQJ�&RVWV

© SAP AG LO816 3-7

SAP AG 2001

�&RVW�HVWLPDWLRQF 'HILQLWLRQ�RI�FRVW�HVWLPDWH�YHUVLRQF 'HILQLWLRQ�RI�FRVW�SURILOH

5HOHYDQW�6HWWLQJV

© SAP AG LO816 3-8

SAP AG 2001

3ODQQHG�DQG�$FWXDO�&RVW�'HWHUPLQDWLRQ�LQ�2UGHU

3ODQQHG�DQG�DFWXDO�FRVWGHWHUPLQDWLRQ�LQ�RUGHU

&RVW�YLHZV�LQ�PDLQWHQDQFH�RUGHU

&RPPLWPHQW�PDQDJHPHQWDQG�RYHUKHDG�FRVWLQJ

(VWLPDWHG�RUGHU�FRVWV

6SHFLDO�DQG�DGGLWLRQDO�IXQFWLRQV�RIRUGHU�UHODWHG�FRVW�FRQWUROOLQJ

© SAP AG LO816 3-9

SAP AG 2001


3ODQQHG�FRVWV

2UGHU��

�� 2SHUDWLRQ��

&RPSRQHQW'*��

&RVWLQJ

3ODQQHG�&RVWV�IRU�WKH�2UGHU

n 3ODQQHG�FRVW�FDOFXODWLRQ in the order takes place automatically either when you save the order, orduring order processing (if an appropriate cost determination function is initiated).

© SAP AG LO816 3-10

SAP AG 2001

2UGHU�H[HFXWLRQ

$FWXDO�FRVWV • 7LPH�FRQILUPDWLRQV• 0DWHULDO�ZLWKGUDZDOV• *RRGV�UHFHLSWV

&RVWLQJ

$FWXDO�&RVWV�IRU�WKH�2UGHU

2UGHU��

n The DFWXDO�FRVW�FDOFXODWLRQ takes place automatically each time resources are used and booked withreference to the order.

© SAP AG LO816 3-11

SAP AG 2001

3ODQQHG�FRVWHVWLPDWH

$FWXDO�FRVWHVWLPDWH

3ODQQLQJ�RIUHVRXUFHV

&RQVXPSWLRQRI�UHVRXUFHV

&RVWLQJ�UXOHV

,QWHUQDO�SURFHVVLQJ�!�2SHUDWLRQV��

�� !� �� "�# "��$��

6WRFN�PDWHULDO�!�&RPSRQHQWV�� % �� &��'� ��($��)+*-,$+�

. )$�+�� '� "�

��0/21�� &

. )�� "�#/435�6� �

9DOXLQJ�2UGHU�5HVRXUFHV

n Both planned and actual costing procedures use specific rules for putting a value on resources. Theserules can be the same for resources planned and resources consumed, but it is not imperative.

n In principle, the value placed on internal service assigned to an operation is calculated from the rateassigned to the activity type for this purpose.

n For stock materials, the price is taken from the material master records.

© SAP AG LO816 3-12

SAP AG 2001

3XWWLQJ�D�9DOXH�RQ�0DLQWHQDQFH�:RUN

0DLQWHQDQFHZRUN�FHQWHU

��&RVW�FHQWHU

��$FWLYLW\�W\SH

�7�� "�8 "��( �� 9;:<�<�<

= ��>� ��+�� +�?�7�� # ��$A@ � B��C�� D ��6� ��,�( E�� F

��

��

&RVWLQJ�GDWD�IRU�PDLQWHQDQFH�ZRUN�FHQWHU

n $FWLYLW\�W\SH��Activity types represent the activities performed in cost centers within a controllingarea.

n Assignment of a maintenance work center to a cost center and the definition of activity typesassigned to the cost center together form the basis for valuation of maintenance work.

n The charge for this maintenance work is defined in an activity type plan and is composed of fixedand variable components. This rate can then be used to put a value on activities in the cost estimate.

© SAP AG LO816 3-13

SAP AG 2001

&RVWLQJ�IRU�SODQQHG�DQG�DFWXDO�FRVWVF $VVLJQPHQW�RI�FRVWLQJ�YDULDQW�WR�WKH�RUGHU�W\SH

5HOHYDQW�6HWWLQJV

�

© SAP AG LO816 3-14

SAP AG 2001

&RVWLQJ�W\SH

9DOXDWLRQ�YDULDQW

What is costing used for?

How are UHVRXUFH�W\SHV valued?

Product costing / XQLW�FRVWLQJ

l Strategy sequence for material valuation

l Strategy sequence for internal processing

l Strategy sequence for external processing (operation)

3ULFLQJ�VWUDWHJ\

&RVWLQJ�9DULDQWV�LQ�'HWDLO

© SAP AG LO816 3-15

SAP AG 2001

&RVW�9LHZV�LQ�0DLQWHQDQFH�2UGHU






© SAP AG LO816 3-16

SAP AG 2001

2UGHU

&RVW�HOHPHQW 3G( �+� �� !)$�$(H5I�I�I�I�IH5I�J�I�I�IKML+N I�I�IO�O�O

L�P O I�IH N O I�IH P�P O N�KQ O N�PH N O I�IL�R�R O J K

9DOXH�FDWHJRU\ S >� '� *8� �$C 35( �+� �� )$�+(T�U�V&W2XYU�ZM[�[ ZM\5]^X_ V�]M`ba-ced VgfGh7X'Z�ciZb[j2k�V�WbXYUGZb[$l�W2X6m2d `�WO�O�O

H P�P O N�KK J O I�II O I�I

L+R�R O J KN�n O N�PI O I�I

L I�I�I O I�IN I�I O I�In I�I�I O I�I

2SHUDWLRQ��

2SHUDWLRQ�Q

o"� F+�6�$�+(p>�$��+� ��>S B$ F$�!��( >�� >q7r �8*8� F��6� ��( >3G)��+s��>�� 9��F��)+��*8�� b��" F>

30&2

&RVW�9LHZV�LQ�0DLQWHQDQFH�2UGHU

Two views with differing levels of detail are used to monitor costs in the maintenance order:

n The cost report displays costs according to cost elements and thereby reflects the cost accountingview. You can also identify quantities here.Moreover, you can identify the amounts debited and credited during settlement.

n The cost overview displays the order costs in a condensed form, for example, after all the costelements for stock materials have been combined into one value category for stock withdrawals. Thefocus here is more on displaying costs by type of resource rather than on account assignment ofindividual resources.You cannot identify quantities and credits here.

© SAP AG LO816 3-17

SAP AG 2001

q ��C�� t�<:�:�u�vD ��( )$>-� � wGxzy= ��>� ��( �*#�� >

��+( �${ = �+>� b1��>�)�( �>�| q ��C�+��( �${ = �+> b1G�>+)�( F>�| q ��C�$�

3�( �+� �� )$�+( 3G( �+�#}G)�� '� �� 0�� )$�+( }G)�� ~�<<�<;~p<�<�� v�~ ��>�s��~�<<�<;�M14~~��~�� x2�$��G�� 9

�$� <�< �$� �� -3 = :83 =~�<�� <�< :$� <�< �E3 = ~�3 =

/5�$<�<�<�<�< = ��>�)+*-�� G�E�$�b�"� r *#�� +�� ( > ~�� <�< �$� �� t;3 = v;3 =~�<<�<;�G��&~p<�<�< ��>�s��G�6)�,+,$+�/5�$<�v�<�<�< w�>$#��$+�� 9E>�)��( � �>E��

�� <�< �� <�< ~#3 = ~#3 =�� <�< �� <�< ~#3 = ~#3 =

�+�� u ~t�t$� v�u �8� :E��+�� u ~t�t$� v�u �8� :E��~�~�� u :$��~� t� � �

��v<�< �6~��~ < % �+� �� +�$��F��+�$�$� �/Mu�~ ��<�<�< �M� ��$� b� �� F��'��( �� ;��/�/^��,��

'HWDLOHG�&RVW�$QDO\VLV�ZLWK�&2�5HSRUW

n In addition to identifying the costs incurred by a specific cost element, you can also use the costreport to analyze which planned or consumed resources were responsible for planned or actual costs.For internal services, you can identify, for example, the main cost element and activity type and, forstock materials, the plant and material number.

© SAP AG LO816 3-18

SAP AG 2001

�&RVW�DQDO\VLV�XVLQJ�YDOXH�FDWHJRULHVF 'HILQLWLRQ�RI�YDOXH�FDWHJRULHVF $VVLJQPHQW�RI�FRVW�HOHPHQWV

WR�YDOXH�FDWHJRULHV

5HOHYDQW�6HWWLQJV

© SAP AG LO816 3-19

SAP AG 2001

&RPPLWPHQWV�0DQDJHPHQW�DQG�2YHUKHDG�&RVWLQJ






© SAP AG LO816 3-20

SAP AG 2001

2UGHU 3ODQQHG ��$FWXDOFRVWV��FRVWV &RPPLWPHQWV&RPPLWPHQWV

� 6HSDUDWH�YDOXH�EDVHG�LGHQWLILFDWLRQ�RI�VSHFLILF�UHVRXUFHV��XVXDOO\H[WHUQDO�PDWHULDOV�DQG�VHUYLFHV

� &RPPLWPHQW�YDOXHV�DUH�DGPLQLVWHUHG�ERWK�IRU�RUGHU�SODQQLQJ�DQGH[HFXWLRQ

0DQDJLQJ�2UGHU�&RPPLWPHQWV

n A FRPPLWPHQW�refers to a contractual or up-and-coming obligation that will result in actual costsbeing incurred.The commitments management function allows you to record and analyze these obligations withregard to their cost and financial impact, for example, for purchase orders.

n The order commitment refers to the separate updating and monitoring of specific resources,particularly those which must be procured externally.

n Commitment values are updated during the planning and execution phases of the order. That is, thecommitment value is influenced by both the planned costs and actual costs.

n Commitment management must be activated in Customizing for each order type.

© SAP AG LO816 3-21

SAP AG 2001


&RPPLWPHQWFUHDWLRQ

• $VVLJQPHQW�RI�QRQ�VWRFN�FRPSRQHQWV• 6FKHGXOLQJ�RI�H[WHUQDO�RSHUDWLRQV

&RPPLWPHQWV&RPPLWPHQWV3ODQQHGFRVWV

&RPPLWPHQW�� 3ODQQHG�FRVWV

&RPPLWPHQW�&UHDWLRQ

n The value of the commitment is created based on the value of the planned resources for an order.

n Since a commitment value for internal services, for example, is not created, it may be that thecommitment value is less than the planned costs for the order.

© SAP AG LO816 3-22

SAP AG 2001

• &RQYHUVLRQ�RI�SXUFKDVH�UHTXLVLWLRQV�LQWRSXUFKDVH�RUGHUV

• 0DQXDO�UHFRUGLQJ�RI�SXUFKDVH�RUGHUV3ODQQHGFRVWV

&RPPLWPHQWV�!�3ODQQHG�FRVWV

2UGHU�UHODWHG�SODQQLQJRI�DGGLWLRQDO�UHVRXUFHV��LQVWLJDWLRQ�RI�SXUFKDVH

&RPPLWPHQWXSGDWH

&RPPLWPHQWV&RPPLWPHQWV

8SGDWH��RU�&UHDWLRQ��RI�&RPPLWPHQWV

n Raising the order commitment may take place as a result of activities performed outside of orderprocessing - for example, conversion of purchase requisition to a purchase order with price increase,or manual entry of purchase requisitions assigned to orders

n This step may result in the commitment values exceeding the planned costs.

© SAP AG LO816 3-23

SAP AG 2001

3ODQQHG ��$FWXDOFRVWV�� FRVWV

• 5HFRUGLQJ�JRRGV�UHFHLSWV�ZLWK�UHIHUHQFH�WRSXUFKDVH�RUGHUV�EHORQJLQJ�WR�WKH�RUGHU

&RPPLWPHQWV&RPPLWPHQWV

&RPPLWPHQW�! ��

2UGHU�UHODWHG�HQWU\RI�UHVRXUFHV�FRQVXPHG

&RPPLWPHQWUHGXFWLRQ

&RPPLWPHQW�5HGXFWLRQ

n The order commitment is reduced when certain planned steps are performed, for example, a receiptof goods with reference to a purchase order. The commitment values to be reduced are determined asa result of the actual costing process.

n Ideally, the order commitment is reduced to zero once all the obligations incurred through theplanning process have been met.

© SAP AG LO816 3-24

SAP AG 2001

2UGHU

'LUHFW�FRVWV�IRU�� 0DWHULDO� ,QWHUQDO�DFWLYLW\

'HWHUPLQDWLRQRI�RYHUKHDGV

2YHUKHDG�FRVWV�IRU�� 0DWHULDO� ,QWHUQDO�DFWLYLW\

2YHUKHDG�&RVWLQJ

n In addition to placing a direct value on planned or consumed resources for an order and representingthese as planned or actual costs, you can also determine overheads.

n 2YHUKHDGV refer to the flat-rate, percentage or amount of the markup on direct costs that enables youto assign overhead costs for a controlling object, based on the original source of the costs.Overheads are levied, for example, on the costs of material cost centers, by debiting the relevantorder with overheads according to the material withdrawn for an order, whilst the correspondingmaterial cost centers are credited.Another common overhead is administration costs.

n Overheads enable you to charge resources, such as administration or transport, to an order eventhough these do not appear as separate items.

n Such overheads generate additional planned costs if they refer to planned resources. If they affectconsumed resources, they represent additional actual costs and are identified as such in the order.

© SAP AG LO816 3-25

SAP AG 2001

2UGHU��

�� +�� '� �� "�8 "��2SHUDWLRQ��

&RPSRQHQW'*��

&RVWLQJ•�&RVWLQJ�YDULDQW��3ODQQHGÕ�&RVWLQJ�VKHHW

F�'HWHUPLQLQJ�RYHUKHDGV�RQ�SODQQHG�FRVWV��LV�DQ�LQWHJUDWHG�VXE�IXQFWLRQ�RI�WKH��SODQQHG�FRVW�FDOFXODWLRQ

'HWHUPLQLQJ�3ODQQHG�2YHUKHDGV

n The determination of overheads on planned costs is part of the planned cost calculation, that is, itoccurs automatically when you save the order or alternatively, during order processing if anappropriate cost determination function is initiated.

n To determine overheads, a costing sheet must have been entered against the costing variant forplanned costs for the appropriate order type.

© SAP AG LO816 3-26

SAP AG 2001

• 7LPH�FRQILUPDWLRQV• 0DWHULDO�ZLWKGUDZDOV• *RRGV�UHFHLSWV• ��

&RVWL

QJ

•�&RVWLQJ�YDULDQW��$FWXDOÕ�&RVWLQJ�VKHHW

F�2YHUKHDGV�RQ�DFWXDO��FRVWV�PXVW�EH��GHWHUPLQHG��VHSDUDWHO\

'HWHUPLQLQJ�$FWXDO�2YHUKHDGV

2UGHU��

n You can also determine overheads for actual costs if you have entered a costing sheet in the costingvariant for actual costs.

n However, overheads on consumed resources are not determined automatically with eachconsumption posting (completion confirmation, material withdrawal, and so on), but must bedetermined especially. Only then is the order debited with overheads on actual costs.

© SAP AG LO816 3-27

SAP AG 2001

�&RPPLWPHQWV�PDQDJHPHQWF ,GHQWLILFDWLRQ�RI�RUGHU�W\SH

'HILQLQJ�RYHUKHDGVF $VVLJQPHQW�RI�D�FDOFXODWLRQ�SURFHGXUH

��WR�WKH�YDOXDWLRQ�YDULDQW�� SDUW�RI�FRVWLQJ�YDULDQW��RI�WKH�UHVSHFWLYH�RUGHU�W\SH

5HOHYDQW�6HWWLQJV

�

© SAP AG LO816 3-28

SAP AG 2001

&RVWLQJ�VKHHW How and for what areoverheads assigned?

l consists ofl Which parts of the costs are

assigned overheads?l Which cost elements are

assigned overheads?

%DVLV

l How much is assigned?2YHUKHDG

l How is this credited?&UHGLW

&DOFXODWLRQ�3URFHGXUH�LQ�'HWDLO

© SAP AG LO816 3-29

SAP AG 2001

6SHFLDO�DQG�$GGLWLRQDO�)XQFWLRQV






© SAP AG LO816 3-30

SAP AG 2001

�� +��M�� -� � �G z¡¢^£��¤�� ¥#��¤��

¦ � �+� §$¨ �#¢M£+��¤b©�� ¤��ª��+�¦ � �� §$¨ �8¢M£+�¤b©G�� ¤F��ª��$�

«�� ¦�¬ ¤ �$�+� «G� � �# �� ¤'� ¤ § ¦0¬ ¤ �$�+� �� ¤�� ¤ §®5¯ ��°�� $�#£�±�£�²$�+� � ¤�� ³E� � ²�² � � ��E´�´ ��´ �� °�´ µ�� « ¢®M¶ � µ�� ·M� �� ¬ ¤b� ��¤F��'� �� ¬ ¤�� ¸�� ¤ § ´�´ �$��´ �+� ��´ �+� � �8¹ ��E¹

¯ ��$´ ��º ¯ ��$´ ��#º® ��µ�� » ��¬ ¤F£�� §#��¬ ¤�� ¸�� ¤ §®�® ·�� ¸$�� §

�$��´ �+� ��°�´ °�� 8¹ ¼®�® ·��½�� ¤

¯ ��$´ ��º ¯ ��$´ ��#º

¾ �� ¤�� ¤ § £$±�³�£�£+�+�8¥ � � � ± ��¬ ¤ � �F�� « ¢ � « ¢

®�®6®4¿5�+� � � ¬ � µ��À��´ �+� µ ¯ °$´ °��

&RVW�&RQWUROOLQJ�ZLWK�5HIXUELVKPHQW

n In the case of refurbishment, an order also identifies not only planned and actual costs, but "newvalues" too. These result from the refurbishment of the material "to be delivered".

n The cost report (CO report) identifies these activities as negative values under 'HOLYHU\.

© SAP AG LO816 3-31

SAP AG 2001

�6XE��2UGHU��

2UGHU��


2UGHU�+LHUDUFKLHV�LQ�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH

Each order is an operational elementand can be used in both planning andexecutionEach order can have an independentassignment and control for:- Object reference- Order type- Settlement . .Cost tracking can be performed at thelevel of individual orders and theorder hierarchy

5HSDLU�VDQG�WUDS

(OHFWULFDO�ZRUN

3DLQWLQJ

n You can use order hierarchies to represent larger maintenance activities and monitor these from acost perspective.

n There are no constraints on the use of orders here. They can have a different reference object andanother settlement rule.

n Each order can also carry costs that can be monitored for the whole hierarchy using reporting.

© SAP AG LO816 3-32

SAP AG 2001

+LVWRULFDO�2UGHUV�LQ�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH

)RU�GRFXPHQWDWLRQ�RQO\

l 5HIHUHQFH�REMHFWl 5HIHUHQFH�GDWH

l 0DQXDO�PDLQWHQDQFH�EDVHGRQ�YDOXH�FDWHJRULHV��(VWLPDWHG�FRVWV��3ODQQHG�FRVWV��$FWXDO�FRVWV

+LVWRULFDORUGHU��

&RPSOHWHGRSHUDWLRQV

5HTXLUHGPDWHULDOV

,QFXUUHG&RVWV

n You can use a historical order to provide documentation about work that has already been executed.

n There is no integration of the resources planned or consumed:

é No subsequent (automatic) material withdrawals

é No subsequent (automatic) completion confirmations

é No values assigned to resources with the actual prices (costing)...

n Actual quantities and actual costs are entered manually in the historical orders.

n You can use the order list for direct deletion of historical orders.

© SAP AG LO816 3-33

SAP AG 2001

&RVWV�LQ�WKH�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVV��8QLW�6XPPDU\

l 3HUIRUP�D�FRVW�HVWLPDWHl 'HVFULEH�WKH�UXOHV�DQG�SUHUHTXLVLWHV�IRU

GHWHUPLQLQJ�SODQQHG�DQG�DFWXDO�FRVWVl &DOFXODWH�RYHUKHDG�UDWHVl 0DQDJH�FRPPLWPHQWVl 8VH�WKH�GLIIHUHQW�FRVW�YLHZVl 0DNH�WKH�UHOHYDQW�VHWWLQJV�LQ�&XVWRPL]LQJ


© SAP AG LO816 3-34

([HUFLVHV

8QLW�� &RVWV�LQ�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVV7RSLF�� (VWLPDWHG�2UGHU�&RVWV

At the conclusion of these exercises, you will be able to:

• Define the cost profile for orders

• Find the cost estimate version

• Use estimated costs in the maintenance order

To simplify the decision-making process, standard orders shouldbe used at IDES if possible with manually planned estimatedcosts.

Data Used in PM Courses:

'HVFULSWLRQ 7UDLQLQJ�6\VWHP ,'(6*HQHUDO

Controlling area: 1000 1000

Company code: 1000 1000

Plant: 1000 1000

Storage location 0001 0001

Purchasing organization 1000 1000

G/L account 417000 417000

Vendors 1000, 1101, 1102

SRV-1

1000

© SAP AG LO816 3-35

7HFKQLFDO�2EMHFWVEquipment TEQ-## P-1000-N001

Inspection equipment 10003540,

10003541

10003540,

10003541

Equipment with bill ofmaterial

T-SM0100 – T-SM0120

Configurable equipment P-6000-N001 P-6000-N001

Functional locations K1

## (*)

SERV-PRO-RZ-##

K1

SERV-PRO-RZ-##

Operating hours counter for

FL -> K1-M01-2, K1-M01-3, K1-M02-2, K1-M02-3

Created in course

Status profile for equipment PMSTAT

0DWHULDOV�DQG�%LOOV�RI�0DWHULDOMaterials:

Pump without serialnumber – batch standardprice

Pump with serial number –batch standard price

Pump with serial number –batch moving average price

Pump without serialnumber – batch movingaverage price

T-FP1##

T-FP2##

T-FP3##

T-FP9##

P-2001

P-2002

P-2003

P-2009

Material with condition-based valuation (standardprice valuation)

P-2001 P-2001

© SAP AG LO816 3-36

Serial number profile

(stock check = 1 > warning)

PM1 PM1

Configurable material P-6000 Not available

Bill of material for materialP-6000

P-6000 Not available

Materials for material BOMP-1000

(plant 1000, resp. 4)

100-100

100-400

DG-1000

100-600

100-431

KR117185

WL-1000

G-1000

M-1000

100-100

100-400

DG-1000

100-600

100-431

KR117185

WL-1000

G-1000

M-1000

Materials for equipmentBOM

T-SM0100 – T-SM0120

(plant 1200, resp. 4)

DPC9021

C-1112

R-1120

R-1131

R-1160

DPC9021

C-1112

R-1120

R-1131

R-1160Configurable material (service) INSPECTION_SERVI

CE

:RUN�&HQWHUVWork Centers T-ME##

T-EL##

T-EX##

Mechanics

Electrics

© SAP AG LO816 3-37

7DVN�/LVWV�DQG�0DLQWHQDQFH�3ODQQLQJTask lists PUMP_WTG

PUMP_REP

MM-CALIB

PUMP_WTG

PUMP_REP

MM-CALIB

Profile 0000001 0000001

Maintenance plans

Service procurement

PM/QM link

50

600000000000

51, 52

50

600000000000

51, 52

Maintenance strategy:performance-based

DFL DFL

Cycle set ZS ZS

Configurable general tasklist for maintenance plan inconjunction withconfigurable equipment

PUMP_WTG 6 PUMP_WTG 6

(old status)

Maintenance plan withconfigurable equipment andgeneral task list

Maintenance plan 80

1RWLILFDWLRQ�DQG�2UGHU�3URFHVVLQJService masters 100131, 100132 100131, 100132

Order type for generatinginspection lots

PM06 PM06

Control key for internalservice processing

PM05 PM05

Standard text keys PM00001 – PM00008 PM00001 – PM00008

Settlement profile forrefurbishment (for ordertype PM04)

PM_AWA

Order type for investmentorders

PM07

Service masters for internalservice processing (controlkey PM05)

100020, 100021

© SAP AG LO816 3-38

&RVW�&HQWHUV�DQG�$FWLYLW\�7\SHVCost centers

Installed

technical systems

External company

4300

4110

4350

4300

4110

4350

Activity types 1410 (repair)

1610 (external)

1410 (repair)

1610 (external)

Allocation cost element foractivity type 1610

2XWOLQH�$JUHHPHQWV��)UDPHZRUN�2UGHUVOutline agreements

Pipe laying (vendor 1102)

Services (vendor 1101)

4600000023

4600000024

4600000024 (pipe laying,vendor 1101)

Framework order forservices

4500007351

6HUYLFHMaintenance contract 40000077Configurable material(service)

INSPECTION_SERVICE

Sold-to-party 1171

&ODVVHVVariant class (used inconfigurable equipment andgeneral task list)

CL_P600 CL_P600

3URMHFW�DQG�,QYHVWPHQW�3URJUDPProject I/5001 I/5001

Project profile PM00001 PM00001

Investment Program PM-INV Not available

© SAP AG LO816 3-39

1-1-1 Display the cost estimate version in Customizing.

How do you proceed?

What is the cost estimate version?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

1-1-2 Display the cost profile in Customizing.

How do you proceed?

Which value categories does the cost profile contain?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Value category Description

1-1-3 Cost estimation

Create an order of order type PM01 directly for your equipment TEQ-##.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Enter sufficient estimated costs for your value categories.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 3-40

What estimated costs have you entered?

Value category Estimated costs

What are the total estimated costs for the order?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Save the order. What order number is assigned by the system?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 3-41

8QLW� &RVWV�LQ�WKH�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVV7RSLF� 3ODQQHG�DQG�$FWXDO�&RVW�'HWHUPLQDWLRQ�LQ

2UGHU


• Perform planned and actual cost calculation

• Find the relevant settings for costing, such as the costingvariant, valuation variant and order-specific calculationparameters

During the planning phase for a maintenance order, a costsituation should be displayed in the form of planned costs, whichare calculated based on the scheduled resources.

The consumption of resources should be recorded using actualcosts.

1-2-1 Planning an order

Change your order and perform order planning.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Plan at least one operation with control key PM01 and assign TEQ-## to it as astock component from the bill of material for your equipment.

How do you proceed?

Operation planning

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Material assignment

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Put the order in process.

© SAP AG LO816 3-42

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

1-2-2 Executing an order

Enter a completion confirmation of time for your order.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

1-2-3 Withdraw the planned material for your order with reference to the reservation.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

1-2-4 Determining the rules for the planned cost estimate

Use the Customizing function, relevant order and other data to check thedetermination of planned costs for the order.

Which Customizing settings are relevant for the planned cost estimate?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

What other data is relevant for costing purposes in the case of:

Internal activity

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Stock components

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 3-43

8QLW� &RVWV�LQ�WKH�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVV7RSLF�� &RVW�9LHZV�LQ�0DLQWHQDQFH�2UGHU


• Use cost reports in the order

• Assign cost elements to value categories

During the planning and execution of the maintenance order, itshould be possible to display the cost situation transparently atany time.

The data can be displayed according to the relevant valuecategories or cost elements.

1-3-1 Analyzing order costs

Display the planned and actual costs for your order according to value categories.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

What are the planned and actual costs for the order?

Value category Planned costs Actual costs

© SAP AG LO816 3-44

1-3-2 Display the planned and actual costs (debit) for your order by cost element.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

What are the planned and actual costs for the order?

Cost element Plan Actual

1-3-3 Checking the assignment of cost elements to value categories

How are cost elements assigned to value categories?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Which value category is derived from which cost element?

Cost element Value category

© SAP AG LO816 3-45

8QLW� &RVWV�LQ�WKH�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVV7RSLF�� &RPPLWPHQWV�0DQDJHPHQW


• Use commitment management

• Make the necessary settings

At IDES, services and materials are often procured externally.The legal obligation, entered into with the vendor following thepurchase, should be assigned to the order as a commitment.

1-4-1 Activating Commitments Management

Check in Customizing whether commitments management is active for the ordertype used by you. How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

1-4-2 Planning an order

Enter an order with order type PM01 and plan an operation with control key PM02and operation quantity 2 AU (activity units), then enter a valuation price.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

1-4-3 Release the order and save the changes. How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 3-46

1-4-4 Checking a Commitment Value

Check whether a commitment value is assigned for your order.

How do you proceed?

What commitment is displayed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

1-4-5 Executing an order

Enter a purchase order for 1 AU (activity unit) for your order and then check thecommitment value.

How do you proceed?

Which purchase order number is assigned?

What commitment is displayed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

1-4-6 Enter a goods receipt for 1 AU for your order.

How do you proceed?

Which document number is assigned?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

1-4-7 Checking a Commitment Value

Check the current commitment value assigned to your order.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 3-47

8QLW� &RVWV�LQ�WKH�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVV7RSLF�� 2YHUKHDG�&RVWLQJ


• Perform overhead costing

• Make the necessary settings

At IDES, the general administration costs are transferred to themaintenance orders through overhead rates. The bases forcalculation can be freely defined.

1-5-1 Check the calculated overhead rates for the order created above.

How do you proceed?

Which overheads have been calculated automatically?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

1-5-2 Plan an additional, internally processed operation in your order with standard timeof one hour.

How do you proceed?

Perform a cost determination. Which overheads are calculated automatically?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 3-48

1-5-3 Determining and Checking Actual Overheads

Perform an actual overhead determination for your order.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

1-5-4 Use the cost report to check whether overheads are assigned for actual costs.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

1-5-5 Determining the Rules for Overhead Costing

Use the Customizing function, relevant order and other data to determine theoverheads for planned costs in the order.

Which Customizing settings are relevant for determining overheads?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

1-5-6 Which cost element is marked with “apply overhead” in the above order?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

1-5-7 Use the example of an internal activity to display schematically how overheads aredetermined.

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 3-49

�6ROXWLRQV

8QLW� &RVWV�LQ�WKH�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVV7RSLF� (VWLPDWHG�2UGHU�&RVWV

1-1-1 6$3�PHQX�→�7RROV�→�$FFHOHUDWHG6$3�→�&XVWRPL]LQJ�→�(GLW�3URMHFW6$3�5HIHUHQFH�,0* button

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH3URFHVVLQJ�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→�*HQHUDO�'DWD�→�'HILQH9HUVLRQ�IRU�&RVW�(VWLPDWHV�IRU�2UGHUVCost estimate version: 6 ** Costing for maintenance order

1-1-2 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH3URFHVVLQJ�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→�*HQHUDO�'DWD�→�'HILQH'HIDXOW�9DOXHV�IRU�+LVWRULFDO�2UGHUV�DQG�&RVW�(VWLPDWHV

9DOXH�FDWHJRU\ 'HVFULSWLRQ400 Internal material / Spare parts

415 External material

417 External activity

615 Internal personnel

800 Revenues

890 Spare parts (internalproduction)

999 Other

1-1-3 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→2UGHU�→�&UHDWH��*HQHUDO�* Order entry

Order type: PM01Equipment: TEQ-##

&RVWV tab page

© SAP AG LO816 3-50

8QLW� &RVWV�LQ�WKH�PDLQWHQDQFH�SURFHVV7RSLF� 3ODQQHG�DQG�$FWXDO�&RVW�'HWHUPLQDWLRQ�LQ�2UGHU

1-2-1 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→2UGHU�→�&KDQJH* Operation planning: 2SHUDWLRQV�tab page

Work center: T-MExxControl key: PM01Activity type: 1410Work: Enter number

* Material planning: Double click on the operation,�&RPSRQHQWV�tab page,�/LVWbutton

)RU�H[DPSOH��* Put in process: 3XW�LQ�SURFHVV�EXWWRQ

1-2-2 * Time Confirmation

6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ →&RPSOHWLRQ�&RQILUPDWLRQ�→�(QWU\�→�,QGLYLGXDO�7LPH�&RQILUPDWLRQ�RU&ROOHFWLYH�7LPH�&RQILUPDWLRQ�→�:LWK�6HOHFWLRQ

1-2-3 * Material withdrawal:

6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→&RPSOHWLRQ�&RQILUPDWLRQ�→�*RRGV�0RYHPHQW�→�*RRGV�0RYHPHQW

)LHOG�1DPH�RU�'DWD�7\SH 9DOXHVMovement type 261

Plant 1000

Storage location 0001

)RU�RUGHU button Order number

© SAP AG LO816 3-51

1-2-4 SAP menu → Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Edit Project

6$3�5HIHUHQFH�,0* button

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH3URFHVVLQJ�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→�)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU2UGHU�7\SHV�→�&RVWLQJ�'DWD�IRU�0DLQWHQDQFH�2UGHUV

→�$VVLJQ�&RVWLQJ�3DUDPHWHUV�DQG�5HVXOWV�$QDO\VLV�.H\VSelect line with plant 1000 and order type PM01

*RWR��'HWDLOPlanned costing variant PM01

Actual costing variant PM01

→�0DLQWDLQ�&RVWLQJ�9DULDQWVValuation variant PM01

→�'HILQH�9DOXDWLRQ�9DULDQWVSelect line with valuation variant PM0 (maintenance order)

* Stock material -> Material valuation

Strategy 7 Valuation price based on price control in material master

* Internal activity

Strategy 1 Planned activity price for period

Other necessary entries:

* Stock material

Required quantity of component

Relevancy to costing = ‘X’ (component detail screen)

Price in material master (View: Financial Accounting 1)

* Stock material from bill of material

Relevancy to costing = ‘X’ of BOM item must be set

* Internal activity

Work in the operation

Activity type in the operation

Control key with costing = ‘X’ (Customizing of control keys)

© SAP AG LO816 3-52

8QLW� &RVWV�LQ�WKH�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVV7RSLF� &RVW�9LHZV�LQ�0DLQWHQDQFH�2UGHU

1-3-1 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→2UGHU�→�&KDQJH* Cost analysis based on value categories:

&RVW�RYHUYLHZ tab page

1-3-2 * Cost analysis based on cost elements:

3ODQ�DFWXDO�UHSRUW button in the cost overview based on value categories

or ([WUDV��&RVW�UHSRUWV��3ODQ�DFWXDO�FRPSDULVRQ

1-3-3 6$3�PHQX�→�7RROV�→�$FFHOHUDWHG6$3�→�&XVWRPL]LQJ�→�(GLW�3URMHFW6$3�5HIHUHQFH�,0* button

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH3URFHVVLQJ�→�%DVLF�6HWWLQJV�→�6HWWLQJV�IRU�'LVSOD\�RI�&RVWV�→�$VVLJQ�&RVW(OHPHQWV�WR�9DOXH�&DWHJRULHV

© SAP AG LO816 3-53

8QLW� &RVWV�LQ�WKH�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVV7RSLF� &RPPLWPHQWV�0DQDJHPHQW

1-4-1 SAP menu → Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Edit Project


3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH3URFHVVLQJ�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→�)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU2UGHU�7\SHV�→�&RQILJXUH�2UGHU�7\SHVSelect line with order type PM01

*RWR��'HWDLO

1-4-2 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→2UGHU�→�&UHDWH��*HQHUDO�* Order entry

Order type: PM01Equipment: TEQ-##

* Operation planning

Control key: PM02Operation quantity: 2 AUPrice:

1-4-3 Order – Functions - Release

2UGHU��6DYH

1-4-4 SAP menu → Logistics → Plant Maintenance → Maintenance Processing → Order→ Display

([WUDV�→�&RVW�UHSRUWV�→�%XGJHW�FRPPLWPHQWVList: Budget/actual/commitment

Commitments: _________________

The purchase requisition commitment is displayed.

© SAP AG LO816 3-54

1-4-5 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�0DWHULDOV�0DQDJHPHQW�→�3XUFKDVLQJ�→�3XUFKDVH2UGHU�→�&UHDWH�→�9HQGRU�6XSSO\LQJ�3ODQW�.QRZQClick on the symbol for selection variants and select the option 3XUFKDVHUHTXLVLWLRQV. Then use, for example, the name of the requisitioner to search for thepurchase requisition – note: you must have defined the name already in the order.

Then use the symbol $GRSW to copy the purchase requisition to the work area (righthand area of the screen).

)LHOG�1DPH�RU�'DWD�7\SH 9DOXHVVendor 1000

Purchasing organization 1000

Purchasing group 008

Company code 1000

Purchase requisition From order

The purchase order commitment is displayed in the order.

1-4-6 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�0DWHULDOV�0DQDJHPHQW�→�3XUFKDVLQJ�→�3XUFKDVH2UGHU�→�)ROORZ�2Q�)XQFWLRQV�→�*RRGV�5HFHLSWUse the selection fields to choose *RRGV�UHFHLSW and 3XUFKDVH�RUGHU. Then enterthe purchase order number and confirm the entry.

Set the indicator ,WHP�2. in the detailed data (the lower screen area), then save.

1-4-7 SAP Menu →Logistics → Plant Maintenance → Maintenance Processing → Order→ Display

([WUDV�→�&RVW�UHSRUWV�→�%XGJHW�FRPPLWPHQWVList: Budget/actual/commitment

Commitments: _________________

The commitment is completely broken down, according to the goods receiptquantity of the purchase order quantity. If the goods receipt quantity is smaller thanthe purchase order quantity, the difference between goods receipt and purchaseorder is retained in the order as a commitment.

© SAP AG LO816 3-55

8QLW� &RVWV�LQ�WKH�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVV7RSLF� 2YHUKHDG�&RVWLQJ

1-5-1 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→2UGHU�→�&KDQJH* &RVWV�WDE�SDJHOverhead costs have been calculated automatically for planned costs.

1-5-2 Enter time and description in the order, RSHUDWLRQ�OLVW tab page, control key PM01.

Then 'HWHUPLQH�FRVWV button (calculator symbol);

Return to the cost overview using &RVWV tab page; overheads have been re-determined for the planned costs that are cumulated in the value category“Overhead costs”.

1-5-3 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→&RPSOHWLRQ�→�,QGLYLGXDO�3URFHVVLQJ�→�'HWHUPLQH�$FWXDO�&RVW�6XUFKDUJHVEnter order number and period (= current month) and fiscal year, then execute.

1-5-4 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→2UGHU�→�&KDQJH* &RVWV�WDE�SDJH

1-5-5 The relevant parameter for calculating overheads is the FRVWLQJ�VKHHW, which isassigned to the order type as part of the FRVWLQJ�YDULDQW.SAP menu → Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Edit Project


3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH3URFHVVLQJ�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→�)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU2UGHU�7\SHV�→�&RVWLQJ�'DWD�IRU�0DLQWHQDQFH�2UGHUV�→�$VVLJQ�&RVWLQJ3DUDPHWHUV�DQG�5HVXOWV�$QDO\VLV�.H\VOrder type PM01 in planning plant 1000 >> costing variant PM01 is assigned to theorder type.

© SAP AG LO816 3-56

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH3URFHVVLQJ�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→�)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU2UGHU�7\SHV�→�&RVWLQJ�'DWD�IRU�0DLQWHQDQFH�2UGHUV�→�0DLQWDLQ�&RVWLQJ9DULDQWVCosting variant PM01 consists of a costing type 0DLQWHQDQFH�RUGHU and a valuationtype 0DLQWHQDQFH�RUGHU.

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH3URFHVVLQJ�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→�)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU2UGHU�7\SHV�→�&RVWLQJ�'DWD�IRU�0DLQWHQDQFH�2UGHUV�→�'HILQH�9DOXDWLRQ9DULDQWVValuation variant 0DLQWHQDQFH�RUGHU with key PM0

The valuation variant contains the valuation strategies for the individual resourcesin the order.

2WKHU tab page

>> The valuation variant has a 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH costing sheet

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH3URFHVVLQJ�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→�)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU2UGHU�7\SHV�→�&RVWLQJ�'DWD�IRU�0DLQWHQDQFH�2UGHUV�→�0DLQWDLQ�&RVWLQJ�6KHHW3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH costing sheet with key COPM

This contains the bases for calculation: PMEL (internal activity), PMMT (internalmaterial) and PMFR (external service/material) and the respective overhead linesELZU, MTZU and FRZU.

1-5-6

)LHOG�1DPH�RU�'DWD�7\SH 9DOXHVCost element 417000 Calculation basis PMFR

Overhead FRZU =20% forplanned and actual overheads

Cost element 615000 Calculation basis PMEL

Overhead ELZU =10% forplanned and actual overheads

1-5-7 Cost Element 615000 for Internal Activity in Order

Order type >> Costing variant

Costing variant >> Valuation variant

Valuation variant >> Costing sheet

Costing sheet >> Calculation basis PMEL for cost element 615000

>> Overhead ELZU for basis PMEL = 10%

© SAP AG LO816 4-1

SAP AG 2001

6HWWOHPHQW�RI�2UGHUV

l 2UGHU�VHWWOHPHQW�RYHUYLHZl 6HWWOHPHQW�RI�REMHFW�EDVHG�SUHYHQWLYH�PDLQWHQDQFH�

LQVSHFWLRQV��DQG�UHSDLUVl &RVW�FRQWUROOLQJ�DIWHU�VHWWOHPHQWl ,QWHUSOD\�

2UGHU�VHWWOHPHQW��2UGHU�FRPSOHWLRQ

© SAP AG LO816 4-2

SAP AG 2001

8QLW�2EMHFWLYHV

l 0DNH�DQ�RUGHU�VHWWOHPHQWl 0DNH�WKH�UHOHYDQW�VHWWLQJV�LQ�&XVWRPL]LQJl 3HUIRUP�FRVW�FRQWUROOLQJ�DIWHU�VHWWOHPHQW


© SAP AG LO816 4-3

SAP AG 2001










© SAP AG LO816 4-4

SAP AG 2001

l $W�,'(6��PDLQWHQDQFH�RUGHUV�DUH�XVXDOO\�VHWWOHG�WRWKH�FRVW�FHQWHU�RI�WKH�REMHFW�IURP�ZKLFK�WKH�FRVWVRULJLQDWHG�

l +RZHYHU��LQ�VRPH�FDVHV��LW�VKRXOG�DOVREH�SRVVLEOH�WR�VHWWOH�PDLQWHQDQFH�RUGHUVWR�RWKHU�DFFRXQW�DVVLJQPHQWV��VXFKDV�:%6�HOHPHQWV�RU�LQWHUQDO�RUGHUV�

%XVLQHVV�6FHQDULR

© SAP AG LO816 4-5

SAP AG 2001

��

��

0DLQW��RUGHU&RVW�RULJLQ"

Ì�'HELWLQJ�ZLWK�DFWXDO�FRVWV��WKURXJK�FRQVXPSWLRQ�RI��UHVRXUFHV

�� !��"��

# � � �$ �� %

""2UGHU�6HWWOHPHQW�2YHUYLHZ��0RWLYDWLRQ

n You can use the maintenance order as an instrument for planning and executing maintenance work.This means that the order initially bears all the costs that result from the planning and consumptionof resources.

n The costs generated by consuming the resources required appear on the debit side of the order asactual costs.

n You should answer the following questions in order to ensure that cost allocation and tracking adhereto the allocation-by-cause principle:

• Is the order really the originator of the costs?

• What is the role of the maintenance object or maintenance requester?This is the basis of order settlement.

© SAP AG LO816 4-6

SAP AG 2001

0DLQW��RUGHU

��

&RVW�RULJLQ&RVW�FROOHFWRU

Í�&UHGLWLQJ�ZLWK�DFWXDO�FRVWV��WKURXJK�VHWWOHPHQW

&RVW�RULJLQ

Ì�'HELWLQJ�ZLWK�DFWXDO�FRVWV��WKURXJK�FRQVXPSWLRQ�RI��UHVRXUFHV

2UGHU�6HWWOHPHQW�2YHUYLHZ��3URFHVV�)ORZ

# � � �$ �� %

�� !��"��

��

n Depending on the type of task, the order is settled to its actual originator and credited with the costsof resources consumed.

n Order costs are borne by another receiver which is also a cost accounting object. This may, forexample, be the cost center of the maintenance object or the organizational unit that requested thiswork to be executed.

n The order is therefore merely a "collector" of all costs incurred during the planning and executionphases with the purpose of tracking them from a cost-related perspective.

© SAP AG LO816 4-7

SAP AG 2001

6HWWOHPHQW�RI�0DLQWHQDQFH�7DVNV

6HWWOHPHQW�RI�REMHFW�EDVHGSUHYHQWLYH�PDLQWHQDQFH�LQVSHFWLRQV�DQG�UHSDLUV

&RVW�FRQWUROOLQJ�DIWHU�VHWWOHPHQW

,QWHUSOD\��2UGHU�VHWWOHPHQW��2UGHU�FRPSOHWLRQ

2UGHU�VHWWOHPHQW�RYHUYLHZ

© SAP AG LO816 4-8

SAP AG 2001

��&��

��&RVW�FHQWHU

'( � � ��) � � �+*�� !&��%, � "��-" �&. � ��"/! $10 �� &.2� �" � ! � ��"

2UGHU�H[HFXWLRQ

$FWXDOFRVWV��!��

3 � �4�� )� � �5*6 &! �5� �� % �� .�� 5!��%, � "��7"

2UGHU�VHWWOHPHQW

$FWXDOFRVWV� ��

'8 � � � � � �5*6 � "��9".��:� $ �� 4� � "��7��% $ ��

0DLQW��RUGHU5HIHUHQFHREMHFW

6HWWOHPHQW�RI�5RXWLQH�0DLQWHQDQFH�7DVNV

n The "routine" maintenance tasks that arise through the technical administration of a specificmaintenance object are generally settled to the cost center of this object.

n To do this, the corresponding cost center must have been specified as the receiver in the settlementrule for the order.

n The actual costs for the order are passed on to the cost center which is debited. At the same timethese costs are credited to the order.

n The balance of actual costs for the order after complete settlement equals zero whilst the actual coston the cost center is greater than zero.

© SAP AG LO816 4-9

SAP AG 2001

2UGHU�VHWWOHPHQW

3RVVLEOH�DFFRXQW�DVVLJQPHQW�REMHFWV 6HWWOHPHQW�UHFHLYHU�V�

&RVWFHQWHU

6DOHVRUGHU

)L[HGDVVHW 2UGHU :%6

HOHPHQW 1HWZRUN *�/DFFRXQW

; �:��. � �9� � �<%�� >="��) $ ��

0DLQW�RUGHU

$FFRXQW�$VVLJQPHQW�2EMHFWV�LQ�2UGHU�6HWWOHPHQW

n There are other possible settlement receivers in addition to the cost center. Generally, this dependson the type of task performed.

n Tasks of an investment nature that simultaneously improve the value of the asset could be settled toan asset within asset accounting, and larger tasks, such as shutdown projects, could be settled to therelevant WBS element.This is governed by the specific settlement rule for the order.

© SAP AG LO816 4-10

SAP AG 2001

6HWWOHPHQW�UXOH

'LVWULEXWLRQ�UXOH�V�

is valid for thewhole order

l consists of

l Which rule is valid for which settlement type?l To which receiver should settlement be made?l What percentage of the actual costs should be

settled?

0DLQW�RUGHU

2UGHU�6SHFLILF�6HWWOHPHQW�5XOHV

n The settlement rule is fixed for the whole order, since the order as a whole is the object of the costtracking process.

n The settlement rule specifies the receiver of the actual costs for an order.

© SAP AG LO816 4-11

SAP AG 2001

&RQWHQWV

7LPH

l Manually, provided the order can be changed: Optionall For order release: Optional or obligatoryl For order completion: Obligatory

l Without default:Manual maintenance

l With default:From location and accountassignment data in the order

0DLQW�RUGHU

&UHDWLQJ�D�6HWWOHPHQW�5XOH

n You can create a settlement rule automatically or manually, and with or without a default value fromthe system.

n A settlement rule must be created on technical completion of the order at the latest.

n Although you usually only define a settlement rule once during order processing, the settlement itselfis a separate process that can be repeated many times.

© SAP AG LO816 4-12

SAP AG 2001


2UGHU��


l 1R�VSHFLDO�VHWWLQJV�IRU�VXE�RUGHUV

l &RS\LQJ�RI�GLVWULEXWLRQ�UXOH�V�IRU�PDLQ�RUGHU

l &RS\LQJ�RI�GLVWULEXWLRQ�UXOH�V�IRU�VXSHULRU�RUGHU

l 7UDQVIHU�RI�PDLQ�RUGHU�DVVHWWOHPHQW�UHFHLYHU

l 7UDQVIHU�RI�VXSHULRU�RUGHU�DVVHWWOHPHQW�UHFHLYHU

6HWWOHPHQW�5XOH�IRU�6XE�2UGHUV

5HSDLU�VDQG�WUDS

(OHFWULFDO�ZRUN

3DLQWLQJ

n You use the order type in Customizing to define how the settlement rule should be determined forsub-orders. The account assignment proposal, which has been maintained in the settlement profile, isthereby overridden for sub-orders.

n You can choose between the following settings:

• Copying the distribution rule(s) for the main order

• Copying the distribution rule(s) for the superior order

• Transfer of main order as settlement receiver

• Transfer of superior order as settlement receiver

• No special settings for sub-orders

n If settlement to the main order or superior order is set for an order type (if you are using it as a sub-order), the system automatically creates a VHWWOHPHQW�KLHUDUFK\. The lowest level order is assignedthe highest priority. This means it is settled first before any other orders. The main order is assignedthe lowest priority level and is settled last.

n This ensures that settlement is always complete, and that it takes place in the correct order.

n You can also create settlement hierarchies manually (see CO documentation).

© SAP AG LO816 4-13

SAP AG 2001

Warehouse

Work ctr

? � 4� �A@�B�C�B�D�@ ;2� B�EF8 . ! �+� � "�* $ ��

;(! $G0 ;�H C�B�B�I

DV�QHZDV�QHZ�&�

�&�

�&�

6HWWOHPHQW

UHIXUELVKHGUHIXUELVKHG

IDXOW\IDXOW\

0DWHULDO�3��0DWHULDO�3��

�&�

�&�

6HWWOHPHQW�RI�5HIXUELVKPHQW�2UGHU

n The refurbishment order is settled directly to the material stock.

n The order is GHELWHG by the value of the corresponding batch on UHPRYDO of the defective part (C3).The order is similarly debited when working time is confirmed.

n In the case of JRRGV�UHFHLSW after refurbishment, the order is FUHGLWHG with the value of the batch"refurbished" (C2). This credit is shown as a negative debit.

n In RUGHU�VHWWOHPHQW, acquisition posting for the batch of refurbished materials can be carried out intwo ways:

é Price control 6WDQGDUG�SULFH: acquisition for the batch "refurbished" will be posted at the value ofthe standard price. The difference between refurbishment costs and the valuation of the batch"refurbished" will be posted as a credit memo to a price difference account (FI).

é Price control 0RYLQJ�DYHUDJH�SULFH: acquisition for the batch "refurbished" will be posted at thevalue of the actual increase in value, that is, the value of the effort in terms of work and materialposted

n This leads to an increase in the moving average price on the material level.

n A SUHUHTXLVLWH for settling to the material stock is that you define a settlement profile inCustomizing where the material is set as a default account assignment. This settlement profile isassigned to the order type for refurbishment.

n The settlement rule "Material" will be determined automatically during refurbishment.

© SAP AG LO816 4-14

SAP AG 2001

&RVW�5HSRUW�IRU�5HIXUELVKPHQW��

Planned Actual Planned quantity Actual quantity

404000 Spare parts 200.00 200.00615000 Direct activity allocation for repairs 612.55 612.55 5.00 H 5.00 HDebit 812.55 812.55 5.00 H 5.00 H895000 Factory production orders -2,500.00Credit -2,500.00Total -1,687.45 812.55 5.00 H 5.00 H


404000 Spare parts 200.00 200.00615000 Direct activity allocation for repairs 612.55 5.00 HDebit 812.55 200.00 5.00 H895000 Factory production orders -2,500.00Credit -2,500.00Total -1,687.45 200.00 5.00 H

�� &RVW�UHSRUW�DIWHU�VWRFN�ZLWKGUDZDO

�� &RVW�UHSRUW�DIWHU�WLPH�FRQILUPDWLRQ

n 1. Cost report after stock withdrawalThe order is debited with the value of the defective part (here: valuation price of batch C3 -defective). Under planned costs, the value of a part in the target batch appears under credit (here:valuation price of batch C2 - refurbished) - of the part to be created - as negative costs.

n 2. Cost report after time confirmationThe order is also debited with the value for the hours worked (’Actual’ column).

© SAP AG LO816 4-15

SAP AG 2001

&RVW�5HSRUW�IRU�5HIXUELVKPHQW��


404000 Spare parts 200.00 200.00615000 Direct activity allocation for repairs 612.55 612.55 5.00 H 5.00 HDebit 812.55 812.55 5.00 H 5.00 H895000 Factory production orders -2,500.00 -2,500.00Credit -2,500.00 -2,500.00Total -1,687.45 -1,687.45 5.00 H 5.00 H


404000 Spare parts 200.00 200,00615000 Direct activity allocation for repairs 612.55 612,55 5.00 H 5.00 HDebit 812.55 812.55 5.00 H 5.00 H895000 Factory production orders -2,500.00 -812.55Credit -2,500.00 -812.55Total -1,687.45 5.00 H 5.00 H

�� &RVW�UHSRUW�DIWHU�JRRGV�UHFHLSW

�� &RVW�UHSRUW�DIWHU�VHWWOHPHQW

n 3. Cost report after goods receiptAfter the goods receipt of the refurbished part, the value for the part in the target batch appears (here:batch C2 - refurbished) as negative costs (= credit memo) under actual costs.

n 4. Cost report after settlementA refurbishment order is settled directly to the material stock. When the order is settled, the previousdebit on the order is replaced by the YDOXDWLRQ�SULFH�RI�WKH�WDUJHW�EDWFK�[�QXPEHU�RI�UHIXUELVKHGSDUWV - and the resultant increase in value of the material stock is replaced by the debit from theactual resources required (DFWXDO�ZRUNLQJ�WLPH��PDWHULDOV�XVHG). This total is settled directly tothe material and leads to an increase in the total stock value and thereby the moving average price.

© SAP AG LO816 4-16

SAP AG 2001

Quantity Stock value

10 $ 30,000.00 21 $ 52,500.00 9 $ 1,800.00

$ 84,300.00 ��

Condition Price Quantity Stock value

C1 $ 3,000.00 10 $ 30,000.00 C2 $ 2,500.00 20 $ 50,000.00 C3 $ 200.00 10 $ 2,000.00

Stock value $ 82,000.00 Moving average price ��

Quantity Stock value

10 $ 30,000.00 21 $ 50,812.55 9 $ 1,800.00

$ 82,612.55 ��

Stock value before processing

6WRFN�YDOXH�GXULQJSURFHVVLQJ

6WRFN�YDOXH�DIWHUVHWWOHPHQW

(IIHFW�RI�5HIXUELVKPHQW�RQ�6WRFN�9DOXH�RI�0DWHULDO

n The total stock value of the material increases after settlement by the effective resources required(working time + material, here: five hours to a total of $ 812.55).

n As a result, the moving average price is also increased at the level of overall material.

n If the partial stocks (batches) are valued at a standard price, the stock value after settlement is thesame as during processing, in other words, the effective resources required do not enter the materialvaluation; the valuation is only oriented to the standard price of the target batch.

© SAP AG LO816 4-17

SAP AG 2001

7LPH�ZKHQ�VHWWOHPHQW�UXOH�FUHDWHGF 'HILQLWLRQ�RI�WLPH�IRU�HDFK�RUGHU�W\SH

2UGHU�VHWWOHPHQWF $VVLJQPHQW�RI�D�VHWWOHPHQW�SURILOH�WR�WKH�RUGHU�W\SH

5HOHYDQW�6HWWLQJV

6HWWOHPHQW�UXOH�IRU�VXE�RUGHUVF 'HILQLWLRQ�RI�VHWWOHPHQW�UHFHLYHU

IRU�VXE�RUGHUV

�

�

�

© SAP AG LO816 4-18

SAP AG 2001

6HWWOHPHQW�SURILOH How to settle, and to where?

l If and how settlement is made?l To which receiver types can settlement be made?l Which receiver category should be proposed?

l determines

l proposesl Assignment from original to settlement cost elements

$OORFDWLRQ�VWUXFWXUH

6HWWOHPHQW�3URILOH�LQ�'HWDLO

© SAP AG LO816 4-19

SAP AG 2001

&RVW�&RQWUROOLQJ�$IWHU�6HWWOHPHQW

6HWWOHPHQW�RI�REMHFW�EDVHG�WDVNVIRU�SUHYHQWLYH�PDLQWHQDQFH�LQVSHFWLRQV�DQG�UHSDLUV


,QWHUSOD\��2UGHU�VHWWOHPHQW��2UGHU�FRPSOHWLRQ


© SAP AG LO816 4-20

SAP AG 2001

JLK<M�NOK PRQTSRSVURWX�Y�Z [ NT\^] _ `�acbd�eR\Rf�N Z NOghN�_Vfi\

j _ Y,Z k�l Nhd�e,\Vf�m�NV\ [�Z fi\�nRJoK<M�N,Kj _ Y�Z k�l Npd�e,\Tf�m�NV\ [�Z f>\�nVJLK<M�N�K

q�Z Y _ j2r f [�Y,Z q�Z Y _hs [RY _Tf] f k j(r f [�Y,Z s [RY _Vf9] f k

SRt�uTv Pxwzy{ UVtVQRQVQRQ JLK<M�N�K�\�NTfif Z NRg|NO_Rf{9{ a�NTfif Z N�gzN,_Rf SRt�uTv Pxwzy{9{7{/}&Y,Z Y _ r N t�uxuVv tRU

{ w�QVQRQVQRQ d/e�_R\ [ g^~Rf9] e�_ze��K YV� g Y f<N,K9] Y�Z \ ux�Vv QVQ ��v tR� P q d W q d{ w�QVWRQVQRQ `�\�NheO��e�~�N,K Y f9] _R�z\ [ ~�~ Z ] NV\zvRv wOtVv QVQ wOtRv QVQ u q d u q d

w,�x�Ov tRU uTPVP�v WRU tp� Sz�t�uxuVv tRU S�tOuTv PTw � �

{ UOu�tRQVQRQ ��] KiN r f�] _Rf>NOK_ Y�Z�YRr f9] ��] f k vRv{9{ ��N��] f

SRtOuTv PTwpy Sp��ySp��ySp��y

� �

w�u�QRQ ��N r,� _�] rVYOZ \�N,K��] r N

'HWDLOHG�&RVW�$QDO\VLV�ZLWK�&2�5HSRUW

n Following settlement, the order is credited with the actual settled costs. This is shown in the costreport (CO report) for the order.

n An order is fully settled when the sum of the actual costs equals zero.

© SAP AG LO816 4-21

SAP AG 2001

2UGHU�H[HFXWLRQ


•3 � $�0 % �� . � � $ �� "

•�^�� %� � �+*�4 � � � ��% "

• � �� 0 �7"•3o? 0 � "��)�"&�.9�� $�0 % �� !��%�"�! � &*&� � )��"

2WKHU�SRVWLQJV


2UGHU�VHWWOHPHQW

$FWXDO�FRVWV� ��

0DLQW�RUGHU

2UGHU�'HELWV�$IWHU�6HWWOHPHQW

n A fully settled order can be further debited by actual costs. This is particularly the case for ordersthat extend over a number of posting periods.

n This means that the balance of actual costs for the order is once again greater than zero, and can bereturned to zero with another settlement.

n The system allows you to perform a settlement, so long as you have not fully completed the order.

© SAP AG LO816 4-22

SAP AG 2001

2UGHU�6HWWOHPHQW�DQG�2UGHU�&RPSOHWLRQ

6HWWOHPHQW�RI�REMHFW�EDVHG�WDVNVIRU�SUHYHQWLYH�PDLQWHQDQFH�LQVSHFWLRQV�DQG�UHSDLUV


,QWHUSOD\�2UGHU�VHWWOHPHQW��2UGHU�FRPSOHWLRQ


© SAP AG LO816 4-23

SAP AG 2001

;(% ��

3 � �� %<%��<��)

JoKiM�N,K

l�3O

DQQLQ

J

l�5H

OHDVH

l�([

HFXWL

RQ

l�&R

PSOHW

LRQ��FRQ

ILUPDWL

RQl�7H

FKQLF

DO��FR

PSOHWLRQ

l�6H

WWOHPH

QW

l��%

XVLQH

VV�

��FR

PSOHW

LRQ

• 2UGHU�QRW�PRGLILDEOH• 3RVWLQJV�FDQ�EH�PDGH�WR�WKHRUGHU

• 3RVWLQJV�FDQQRWEH�PDGH�WR�RUGHU

7LPH

2SWLRQV�IRU�2UGHU�&RPSOHWLRQ

n The completion of an order consists of many steps:

• The order is technically completed from a maintenance perspective as soon as all the necessarytasks have actually been executed. No cost flows take place in this case.Only the settlement rule is defined here, if it has not already been specified. You can no longermodify the order.

• After technical completion, you can settle the order when you choose. The order is credited withthe actual costs.It is possible to debit the order with additional costs and then make another settlement.

• A fully settled order (that is, when the actual costs are equal to zero) can be fully completed, inother words, completed from a business perspective. After this point, you can no longer debit theorder with actual costs.

© SAP AG LO816 4-24

SAP AG 2001

2UGHUVHWWOHPHQW

7HFKQLFDOFRPSOHWLRQ

�%XVLQHVV�FRPSOHWLRQ

» Is there a settlement rule?

» Balance of actual costs = 0?

2UGHU�VWDWXV��7HFKQLFDOO\�FRPSOHWHG

%DODQFH�RI�DFWXDO�FRVWV� ��

2UGHU�VWDWXV��&RPSOHWHG5HVHW�SRVVLEOH

» Is there a settlement rule?» Balance of actual costs = 0?

2UGHU�6HWWOHPHQW��!�2UGHU�&RPSOHWLRQ

n The prior definition of a settlement rule is the prerequisite for technical completion of the order. Theorder is then flagged as 7HFKQLFDOO\�FRPSOHWHG and can no longer be changed.

n As a prerequisite for settlement, the order must:

• Contain a settlement rule

• Have a balance of actual costs not equal to zeroOnce the settlement procedure has been completed, the balance of actual costs equals zero.

n An order can be completed from a business perspective if it:

• Has been fully settled

• Has no actual costsAn order of this type is flagged as "closed" and can no longer be debited with actual costs. Youcan reset this status if you wish.

© SAP AG LO816 4-25

SAP AG 2001

6HWWOHPHQW�RI�2UGHUV��8QLW�6XPPDU\

l 0DNH�DQ�RUGHU�VHWWOHPHQWl 0DNH�WKH�UHOHYDQW�VHWWLQJV�LQ�&XVWRPL]LQJl 3HUIRUP�FRVW�FRQWUROOLQJ�DIWHU�VHWWOHPHQW


© SAP AG LO816 4-26

([HUFLVHV

8QLW� 6HWWOHPHQW�RI�2UGHUV7RSLF� 6HWWOHPHQW�RI�2EMHFW�%DVHG�3UHYHQWLYH

0DLQWHQDQFH��,QVSHFWLRQV�DQG�5HSDLUV


• Settle orders

• Define settlement cost elements

The costs collected on the maintenance order during theexecution of a maintenance task should either be forwarded to therecipient periodically or when the task is completed.

2-1 Verifying the Settlement Rule

Display the settlement rule for your order.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

What settlement rules do you find?

Cat. Receiver Percent Settlement type No.

© SAP AG LO816 4-27

2-2 Verifying the Settlement Profile

Use the Customizing function to determine the settlement profile for your order.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

The settlement profile for your order is:

_____________________________________________________________

2-3 Determine which allocation structure has been assigned to the settlement profile.Determine from which debit cost element the credit cost element for your order isdefined.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

The allocation structure is:

_____________________________________________________________

Which credit cost elements are valid for which debit cost elements in your order?

Debit cost element(cost element under which theorder posts debits as actual costs)

Credit cost element(cost element from which theorder is settled)

2-4 Settling an order

Settle your order.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 4-28

8QLW� 6HWWOHPHQW�RI�2UGHUV7RSLF� &RVW�&RQWUROOLQJ�$IWHU�6HWWOHPHQW

• Definition of cost controlling after settlement

2-5 Analyzing order costs

Display the actual costs per cost element for your order.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

What settlements (credits) are posted by the order?

Cost element Actual (credits)

© SAP AG LO816 4-29

6ROXWLRQV

8QLW� 6HWWOHPHQW�RI�2UGHUV7RSLF� 6HWWOHPHQW�RI�2EMHFW�%DVHG�3UHYHQWLYH

0DLQWHQDQFH��,QVSHFWLRQV�DQG�5HSDLUV

2-1 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→2UGHU�→�&KDQJH6HWWOHPHQW�UXOH symbol or *RWR�→�6HWWOHPHQW�UXOHPayroll rules:

Cat. Receiver Percent Settlement type No.KST 4110 100 GES 1KST 4110 100 PER 2

2-2 SAP menu → Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Edit Project


3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH3URFHVVLQJ�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→�)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU2UGHU�7\SHV�→�&RQILJXUH�2UGHU�7\SHVSelect line with order type PM01

*RWR��'HWDLOSettlement profile 40

2-3 SAP menu → Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Edit Project


3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH3URFHVVLQJ�→�%DVLF�6HWWLQJV�→�*HQHUDO�2UGHU�6HWWOHPHQW�→�0DLQWDLQ6HWWOHPHQW�3URILOHVSelect line with settlement profile 40

*RWR��'HWDLOAllocation structure PM

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH3URFHVVLQJ�→�%DVLF�6HWWLQJV�→�*HQHUDO�2UGHU�6HWWOHPHQW�→�0DLQWDLQ$OORFDWLRQ�6WUXFWXUHVSelect line with allocation structure PM

Select assignments

© SAP AG LO816 4-30

Use the assignments to verify the position of the debit cost element:

Select assignment line -> Choose origin -> Double-click on cost element group

Cost element 400000 is contained in assignment 010 ‘Material usage’

Cost element 615000 is contained in assignment 030 ‘Internal activities’

Determine the settlement cost element for each origin

Select assignment line -> Choose settlement cost elements

Cost element 400000 is settled on cost element 651000

Cost element 615000 is settled on cost element 652000

2-4 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→&RPSOHWLRQ�→�,QGLYLGXDO�3URFHVVLQJ�→�6HWWOH

Controlling area: 1000 (set dialog box for controlling area)

Order: Enter order numberSettlement period: Enter current monthFiscal year: 2001Processing type: 1Test run: (not active)

© SAP AG LO816 4-31

8QLW� 6HWWOHPHQW�RI�2UGHUV7RSLF� &RVW�&RQWUROOLQJ�$IWHU�6HWWOHPHQW

2-5 SAP menu → Logistics → Plant Maintenance → Maintenance Processing → Order→ Change

&RVWV tab page, $FWXDO�SODQ�UHSRUW button

Settlement

Cost element

651000 Order settlement for material

652000 Order settlement Internal activity

© SAP AG LO816 5-1

SAP AG 2001

l 2YHUYLHZ�RI�EXGJHWLQJ�RSWLRQVl ,QGLYLGXDO�EXGJHWVl 0DLQWHQDQFH�SURMHFWVl ,QYHVWPHQWV

%XGJHWLQJ�DQG�&RVW�3ODQQLQJ

© SAP AG LO816 5-2

SAP AG 2001

l 'HVFULEH�WKH�GLIIHUHQW�RSWLRQV�IRU�EXGJHWLQJ�DPDLQWHQDQFH�RUGHU

l &RXSOH�PDLQWHQDQFH�RUGHUV�WR�SURMHFWVl /LQN�PDLQWHQDQFH�RUGHUV�WR�LQYHVWPHQW�SURJUDPVl &UHDWH�LQYHVWPHQW�RUGHUV


8QLW�2EMHFWLYHV

© SAP AG LO816 5-3

SAP AG 2001






6HWWOHPHQW�RIRUGHUV

6HWWOHPHQW�RIRUGHUV




© SAP AG LO816 5-4

SAP AG 2001

l /DUJHU�SURMHFWV��VXFK�DV�QHZ�GHYHORSPHQWV�RUPRGLILFDWLRQV��ZKLFK�LQYROYH�WKH�PDLQWHQDQFHGHSDUWPHQW��DUH�QRW�SURFHVVHG�XVLQJ�DQ�LQGLYLGXDOPDLQWHQDQFH�RUGHU��EXW�DV�D�SURMHFW�RULQYHVWPHQW�PHDVXUH�

l 'HSHQGLQJ�RQ�WKH�FKRVHQ�SURFHVVLQJPHWKRG��WKH�PDLQWHQDQFH�RUGHUV�DUHWKHQ�DVVLJQHG�WR�D�:%6�HOHPHQW�RUDQ�LWHP�LQ�DQ�LQYHVWPHQW�SURJUDPDQG�FRQWUROOHG�DFFRUGLQJO\�

%XVLQHVV�6FHQDULR

© SAP AG LO816 5-5

SAP AG 2001

2YHUYLHZ�RI�%XGJHWLQJ�2SWLRQV

,QGLYLGXDO�EXGJHWV

0DLQWHQDQFH�SURMHFWV

,QYHVWPHQWV

2YHUYLHZ�RI�EXGJHWLQJ�RSWLRQV

© SAP AG LO816 5-6

SAP AG 2001

,QYHVWPHQW�SURJUDPV�DQG�LWHPV

3URMHFWV�DQG�:%6�HOHPHQWV

,QYHVWPHQW�DQG�PRGLILFDWLRQ�RUGHUV

��

��

��! ��#" ��

%XGJHWLQJ�(OHPHQWV��2YHUYLHZ

n An LQYHVWPHQW�SURJUDP�is a hierarchical structuring of intended business activity to realizeinvestments for an approved year.

n An LQYHVWPHQW�SURJUDP�LWHP is a "node" of an investment program. It refers to a responsibleorganizational unit, for which the user can define additional characteristics (for example, investmenttype). An investment program item contains budgeted and planned values.

n A SURMHFW�builds the framework for an intended business activity with a fixed objective that shouldbe achieved using the resources specified.The project contains dates and obligatory organizational data.

n A :%6�HOHPHQW�is an individual element of the Work Breakdown Structure (WBS) that shows thehierarchical organizational structure of a project. A WBS element describes either a concrete task ora task that can be further sub-divided.

n 0RGLILFDWLRQ�RU�LQYHVWPHQW�RUGHUV are a special type of maintenance order used to represent largemaintenance processes. Specific cost monitoring uses these orders, because most lead to changes infixed assets.

© SAP AG LO816 5-7

SAP AG 2001

,QYHVWPHQW�LWHP

:%6�HOHPHQW

0DLQWHQDQFHRUGHU

6FHQDULR��,0�36�30

6FHQDULR��36�30

6FHQDULR��30

6FHQDULR��,0�30

%XGJHW�'HILQLWLRQ�DQG�'LVWULEXWLRQ��,0�36�30

n 6FHQDULR��In this scenario, you define investment programs and roughly structure them usinginvestment positions. The intended business activity is described in greater detail in the form ofprojects and WBS elements. You assign individual maintenance orders to the respective WBSelement.You define the budget at the level of the respective investment item and distribute it amongst thesubordinate WBS elements. The orders all use the budget of the WBS element to which they areassigned.

n 6FHQDULR��Investment programs/items are not applicable here. You define intended businessactivity in the form of projects and structure them in individual WBS elements. You assign the WBSelements to specific maintenance orders that use the budget defined at WBS element level.

n 6FHQDULR��: The maintenance order itself bears the budget defined for specific individual tasks.

n 6FHQDULR��Here you can typically define all-year-round maintenance programs as investmentprograms and structure them using investment items. You assign maintenance orders to investmentitems.You can define the budget at the level of the respective investment item and distribute it among theassigned orders.

© SAP AG LO816 5-8

SAP AG 2001

,QGLYLGXDO�%XGJHWV



,QYHVWPHQWV


© SAP AG LO816 5-9

SAP AG 2001

0DLQWHQDQFH�RUGHU��2YHUDOO�EXGJHW�� <HDU�� <HDU�� <HDU��

7$ LPH�FRQILUPDWLRQ

V

%LOOLQJGRFXPHQWV

0DWHULDO�FRQVXPSWLRQ

0DLQWHQDQFH�2UGHU��%XGJHW

n From the CO view, a budget can be assigned to the order. To do this, the order type must have abudget profile.

n This budget is assigned as both an overall budget and annual budget. The sum total of the annualbudgets must not exceed the overall budget.

n In order hierarchies, the budget applies to each individual maintenance order.

n Active budget control takes place for actual postings. The type of message (error message, warningmessage or information) can be defined in the Customizing for CO.

n However, planned costs are only checked against the budget if they lead to a commitment, that is,only external services/materials are checked. To perform this check, the commitments managementmust have been activated for the order type.

© SAP AG LO816 5-10

SAP AG 2001

%�&('*)+ ,.-(/�0 & 132�)�)4&!5(687 + 9�:�;< )�=!&*)>0 ? @(A

BC2D=!E�&FA>G�&�H*/ )�AI+ < )�=!&�)4@�+!G#&F@�2�0 A4@BC2(=�E�&FA�G>&*H*/#)4A+ < )�=!&D)J@�+!G#&(@!2�0 A�@

BK2D=�E�&LA M�68A�2D'�0 1C/!NONO? A�NP&�5LA�@QM�RD'!? 0 '*S�0 &T(ULV(WFW(T WDUFU(UFX UFU YLVFU(U(X UFU Z(UFUDX U(U[

\FU(ULUDX U(UWDUFU(UFX UFU YLVFU(U(X UFU Z(UFUDX U(U\FU(ULUDX U(U

��&XUUHQW�EXGJHW��$FWXDO��&RPPLWPHQWV��LI�&RPPLWPHQWV�0DQDJHPHQW�DFWLYH� �$YDLODEOH�EXGJHW

&RQWUROOLQJ�RI�%XGJHWHG�2UGHUV

n An order is budgeted by entering a budget against the individual order. This also sets the systemstatus "Budgeted".

n Budget control takes place using a report that is integrated with the processing of the order andshows the relevant values according to the above rule.

n You can check what funds are available for actual costs. In this case, planned values are onlyconsidered if they lead to a commitment update.

© SAP AG LO816 5-11

SAP AG 2001

%XGJHW�SURILOH How is the budget managed?

l Which budget values can be maintained?l On which value is the availability check based?

l determines

5XOHVl Which operations are subject to the check?l What are the check prerequisites?l Which subsequent processing is triggered?

%XGJHW�3URILOH�LQ�'HWDLO

© SAP AG LO816 5-12

SAP AG 2001

0DLQWHQDQFH�3URMHFWV



,QYHVWPHQWV


© SAP AG LO816 5-13

SAP AG 2001

&URVV�GHSDUWPHQWDO

$JUHHPHQWV3URMHFW�+LHUDUFK\

3ODQQLQJ�DQG�&RQWUROOLQJ

ProductionAccountingSD

CostsDates Resources

Purchasing

Budget

5ROH�RI�3URMHFWV

n Projects are tasks with special features:

é They are usually complex, unique and involve a high level of risk.

é They have precise budgets that are agreed between two or more parties.

é They are of limited duration and are also cost and capacity intensive.

é They are subject to certain quality requirements.

é They are usually strategically important for the project owner.

n Projects are generally integrated into the operational procedures of a company. You will need anorganizational form for the project that relates the project to the relevant departments involved tomanage all the necessary tasks in the execution of the project.

© SAP AG LO816 5-14

SAP AG 2001

] ��#�_^ ��`I�3a#� ��

�3��! ��#"�� b_�� c��

de��gf��ch

�3��! ��#"��ij��_hk�� h��C��fl�� _^�"!�c^K�I�

. . .. . .

7m �,�0�(7m �,�0�(

] �c�c^�" �_^��_��>n �3o ��J��n �C��p� � q � ��o � r��c� ��s�t�u�v wyx�z|{�} xI{�z|u

~P� � x ��v�x�u � � {Kt ��u#x ��}#xg{�v��>t�v�xJv] �c�_^�"��_^��_��>n � �K��o � �_� ��

wyu x�xJ�Ju!��u!��x

Costs,deadlines

Costs,deadlines

Budget

Costs,revenues,

commitments

Maint.order

Accountassignment

object

)XQFWLRQDO�6WUXFWXUH

n A project is a XQLTXH�HYHQW�RI�OLPLWHG�GXUDWLRQ that involves many different departments in itsrealization.A project describes a complex, structured task within a controlling area.It is used to monitor and control this task with regard to GDWHV, UHVRXUFHV, FDSDFLWLHV, FRVWV,UHYHQXHV and IXQGV.A project is split into different phases.

n A work breakdown structure (WBS) is a project model that represents the tasks to be performedhierarchically. It is a IRUPDO�WRRO to make a project more transparent and manageable.The work breakdown structure (WBS) represents the hierarchical organizational structure of aproject.

n WBS elements are the individual RSHUDWLRQDO�VWUXFWXUH�HOHPHQWV of the work breakdown structure(WBS).They describe either a concrete task or a task that can be further sub-divided.

© SAP AG LO816 5-15

SAP AG 2001

5HTXHVWHGEXGJHW

&RVW�SODQQLQJ

2YHUDOO�SODQQLQJ�YDOXH

%RWWRP�XSVXPPDWLRQ

��_��_�_��

��

��

�>0 '*5�5(&D=�@!2�NB�2F=�E�&FA�K? @(A�)�? SDX�(� �c��c� F¡�¢£ F¤_¥_��¡�¦�§c�4¨ F¤�(� �_§c�4¡4¨ §_��© �|¡ � ¥ª#��§�«��¤L¨ §��© �|¡ � ¥��_�

¬�u!v z �

3z ��® u } x � xJz|{K} x�{�z|u

¯�v �J{�u �

$SSURYHGEXGJHW

%XGJHWLQJ

%XGJHW

7m RS�GRZQGLVWULEXWLRQ

&RVW�3ODQQLQJ�DQG�%XGJHWLQJ

n Costs must be estimated as accurately as possible in the FRVW�SODQQLQJ phase. Funds are madeavailable in the form of a budget in the approval phase.

n The budget differs from cost planning for the project by its compulsory nature. The EXGJHW is theIUDPHZRUN decided upon by the management to manage project costs within a certain time period.

© SAP AG LO816 5-16

SAP AG 2001

25,*,1$/

6833/(0(17

5(78516

75$16)(5

&855(17

5(/($6(

7m RWDO��

��

(OHYDWRU�&RQVWUXFWLRQ(OHFWULFDO�SDUWV

0HFKDQLFDOSDUWV��

%XGJHW

3URMHFW�VWUXFWXUH

<HDUV

%XGJHWLQJ�2SWLRQV��2YHUYLHZ

n The first phase of budgeting is to establish the original budget for the WBS elements that should beused as controlling elements. The budget can first be laid down as an overall budget and thendistributed over individual years.

n The current budget is the original budget modified by supplements, returns or transfers.

n The budget is released successively on the basis of the current budget.

© SAP AG LO816 5-17

SAP AG 2001

�°�� 3��! ��#" �� !��3��! ��#" �C��b�� c��>��Co ��n ± ��o ��>n ± ��K�!²��>">^ �_� ��

:%6HOHPHQW RUGHU RUGHU

• ³ ��b_��K� �c� ��´�>b�� I��

• µ�¶�·�¸#¹*º�·#¹*»c¼ ½�¼ º¼ ¾�½¿ ½!·ÁÀJ¹�Â ¹ ¿*Ã ¹

• Ä �I�K� � b��>bC��Åk#��K� "´��•q ��^��I"#��Æ�I��o ��I�>��e��o ��K��4��n

•��o �K��#�#�.��" ��#�� • Ç "!�_^��o��" �>�#��

•± ��Æ��I��o � ��#�"�� ^�Å� �� b�� >��^��" ��

$FWLYH�FKHFN�RI�DYDLODELOLW\�RI�IXQGV

3URFHVVLQJ�RI�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URMHFWV

� Project definition and planning takes place in the Project Information System. The project structure(including the operational WBS elements, dates, costs, and budgets) is agreed here.

� In planning project-related maintenance work, you can use the link to the project system for twopurposes:

• To coordinate the scheduling of complex projects

• To monitor and control financial resources for complex projects

� If you assign a maintenance order to a WBS element, you can:

• Copy the dates of the WBS element as basic dates for the order

• Copy the budget of the WBS element as available funds to be compared to the planned ordercosts

n If you are carrying out project-based maintenance orders, the link between the order and the WBSelement enables you to perform an active availability check on the financial resources that have beenallocated. Planned and actual values are checked against the budget at WBS element level.

n You cannot divide the budget among individual orders at this level.

© SAP AG LO816 5-18

SAP AG 2001

3URMHFW�0DQDJHPHQW�LQ�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH

0DLQW��RUGHU�� 0DLQW��RUGHU��2SHUDWLRQ��2SHUDWLRQ��2SHUDWLRQ��

2SHUDWLRQ��2SHUDWLRQ��2SHUDWLRQ��

l &RVW�SODQQLQJ�DQG�FRQWUROIRU�LQGLYLGXDO�RUGHUV

l 5HVRXUFH�SODQQLQJl 6FKHGXOLQJ

:%6��HOHPHQW��

:%6��HOHPHQW��

��

0DLQW��RUGHU��2SHUDWLRQ��2SHUDWLRQ��2SHUDWLRQ��

l &RQWURO�RI�SODQQHG�FRVWVZLWK�UHIHUHQFH�WR�SURMHFWVWUXFWXUH

l 7È RS�GRZQ�EXGJHWLQJl 0RQLWRULQJ�RI�IXQGV

n Scheduling, budget planning and monitoring of schedules and budgets is performed at the level ofthe respective WBS element.

n Scheduling and planning of resources for individual tasks is performed at the level of the respectiveorder, with reference to the deadlines in the WBS element and in adherence to the budget.

© SAP AG LO816 5-19

SAP AG 2001

��:%6�HOHPHQW

³ ��k�� _��nlfÉ� ��a�#"��^#��o!"#�>� ��>b" ��^>�� _� ��>b��>��^��"��

2UGHU�H[HFXWLRQ

$FWXDOFRVWV�!��

� ��#�� n�f´� �ca"�^��_��K� ��k��o ��>"��bK��"!��^#��o"#�>�#��

2UGHU�VHWWOHPHQW

$FWXDOFRVWV� ��

³ ��kK� ��fl� ��a´" �>��b_��KÊ��C�#��_o �>Á��#�

0DLQW��RUGHU�:%6�DVVLJQHG�

�°�� ! ��#"!�

6HWWOHPHQW�RI�3URMHFW�5HODWHG�7Ë DVNV

n Project-related maintenance tasks that are performed within the framework of a larger overall projectare generally settled to WBS elements. The corresponding WBS element must be entered as thereceiver in the settlement rule for this purpose.

n The actual order costs are thereby transferred to the WBS element, which means that the WBSelement is credited while the order itself is debited with these costs.

n The balance of actual order costs equals 0 after full settlement while the actual costs of the WBSelement are greater than 0.

© SAP AG LO816 5-20

SAP AG 2001

'DWHV &DSDFLW\

)XQGV

�� _��I� ��#"!�

ÌKÍgÎ8Ï#Ð�Ñ Ò Ó Í�Ñ Ô#Õ Ñ Ô�Ö

× Î(Í�Ñ ÎFØ�Ù ÚyÍÚcÏ�Û*ÍÕÜ Õ Í�Ý�ÒFÕJÝDÍIÚ Þ Û ß�Ô�Ù�ÛDÎ*à*Ñ Ô*Ö

3URMHFW�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP��6WUXFWXUH

n The Project Information System is available to you as an analysis tool for complex maintenanceprojects.

n The information system enables you to view and analyze project data from the perspective ofcapacity, dates or financial resources.

n In addition, the information system allows you to exchange project information with internal andexternal participants.The integration of MS Excel, MS Word and MS Project means that you can use data from yourproject for additional planning and calculation purposes or for planning your project decentrally.

© SAP AG LO816 5-21

SAP AG 2001

%XGJHW3ODQ

$FWXDO$YDLODEOH

6WUXFWXUH

&RVW�HOH

PHQWV

/LQH�LWH

PV

3URMHFW�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP��&RVWV

n The information system for costs enables you to display actual data for budgets, costs and revenuesas summaries and with differing levels of detail.

n The information base can be described as a data cube. You can define the axes for this data cube andnavigate within it both horizontally and vertically.You can use a drilldown function to analyze and select the level of information you want to see.

© SAP AG LO816 5-22

SAP AG 2001

3URMHFW�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP��&RVW�5HSRUWV

• Project definition

• WBS element

• Project definition

• WBS element Internal processing operation

• WBS element Network operation

wáx�zâ{�} x�{�z�u°zâuLã � zâx �• Document master

record

~á� � x�u��Ju��äu��x�z|uLã � z|x � å�æ ��u æ xgu!�çz|uLã � z|x �

6WDQGDUG�UHSRUW�WUHH9>@F&!)�AI)�&D&�Y 9#@(&!)!A�)4&(&è5

n The UHSRUW�WUHH is used for to gather all reports centrally within a component and arrange them inhierarchical order. The reports are the end nodes on the report tree. Different report types may becombined in a report tree.

n The VWUXFWXUH�UHSRUW makes a comparison of planned/actual/budget/available values for projects,project hierarchies or WBS elements for all cost elements.

n The FRVW�HOHPHQW�UHSRUW can be used to evaluate the following objects in the project by cost element:Projects, WBS elements and networks.

n The OLQH�LWHP�UHSRUW enables you to evaluate single postings flexibly according to different criteria.For example, line item reports exist for planned, actual, committed and budgeted values for projectcosts, revenues and finances.

© SAP AG LO816 5-23

SAP AG 2001

5XOHV�IRU�FRS\LQJ�D:%6�HOHPHQW�WR�DQ�RUGHUF 'HILQH�WUDQVIHU�RI�SURMHFW�QXPEHU

5HOHYDQW�6HWWLQJV

�

© SAP AG LO816 5-24

SAP AG 2001

,QYHVWPHQWV



,QYHVWPHQWV


© SAP AG LO816 5-25

SAP AG 2001

,QYHVWPHQW�0DQDJHPHQW��2YHUDOO�6WUXFWXUH

,QYHVWPHQW�3URJUDP

,WHP�

,WHP�

,WHP�

3ODQQLQJ %XGJHWLQJ ([HFXWLRQ

6HWWOHPHQW�DQGFDSLWDOL]DWLRQ

8WLOL]DWLRQ�DQGPDLQWHQDQFH&KDQJH5HSODFHPHQW

LQYHVWPHQW

© SAP AG LO816 5-26

SAP AG 2001

,0�5HOHYDQW�7Ë HUPV

)XQFWLRQDOORFDWLRQ

)XQFWLRQDOORFDWLRQ

,QYHVWPHQWSURMHFW

,QYHVWPHQWSURMHFW

)L[HG�DVVHW)L[HG�DVVHW (TXLSPHQW(TXLSPHQW,QYHVWPHQWSURJUDP

,QYHVWPHQWSURJUDP

,0,0 &2&2 ),�),�$$$$3636 3030

,QYHVWPHQWRUGHU

,QYHVWPHQWRUGHU

,QYHVWPHQWRUGHU

,QYHVWPHQWRUGHU

n The Investment Management module has few data objects of its own. Most have been borrowedfrom other applications.

n Plant Maintenance terms also used in Investment Management include "functional location", whichyou can enter as an attribute of an investment position and "order", which you can assign to aninvestment item.

© SAP AG LO816 5-27

SAP AG 2001

6WUXFWXUH�RI�LQYHVWPHQW�SURJUDP

éëê�ì ícîIê�ï4ï�ð4ì>ñ�ò�îIó�òéëêKôÅõ�ò�ì�öÁ÷ ê�ø�óù�ú û ð�ì#ó û#û ò�îIó òü îê>ýcð í�÷�ó�ì�í�ó�îü ï ò�ì í

,QYHVWPHQW�SURJUDP�LWHP

éëê�ì ícî�ê�ï4ï�ð4ì>ñ�ò�îIó�òéëêKô�õ#ò�ì�öÁ÷ ê�ø�ó'HILQLWLRQ�RI�LQYHVWPHQW�SURMHFW

éPê�ôÅõ�ò�ì�öl÷�ê�ø�óùyú�û ð�ì#ó û#û ò�îIó òü î�ê>ý�ð í�÷�ó�ì í�ó�îü ï ò�ì í

:%6�HOHPHQWV

éPê�ì�í�îê�ï4ï�ðJì�ñ�ò�îó òéPêKôpõ#ò�ì öl÷#ê�ø�óùyú û ð�ì#ó û û ò�îó òü îIê�ý�ð íC÷�ó�ì í�ó�îü ï ò�ì#í

,QYHVWPHQW�RUGHUV

,QYHVWPHQW�0DQDJHPHQW�'DWD��2YHUYLHZ

n You can make organizational assignments for individual program items, as well as identifying whichtasks can be linked to the program item.

© SAP AG LO816 5-28

SAP AG 2001

,QYHVWPHQWSURJUDP,QYHVWPHQWSURJUDP

$VVHWVLQYHQWRU\

&RVW�FHQWHUV

6HWWOHPHQW

,QYHVWPHQWSODQQLQJ ,QYHVWPHQW� &RPSOHWLRQ 8VDJH

3ODQ�EXGJHW

,QYHVWPHQWRUGHUV

6HWWOHPHQW(TXLS�PHQW

3ODQQLQJ %XGJHWLQJ ,QYRLFHV 6HWWOHPHQW

0DLQWHQDQFH

,QYHVWPHQWSURMHFWV

,QWHUQDOVHUYLFHV

)ORZ�RI�9DOXHV�LQ�,QYHVWPHQW�0DQDJHPHQW

n Investment orders and tasks (orders or projects) can be connected with one another using the optionof integrated planning and budgeting.

n The assigned funds from purchase orders, invoices, internal services and so on are assembled on thecapital investment measures. You can report on these values from an investment programperspective.

n Actual assignments are periodically settled to the receiver in cost accounting or, if capitalization isnecessary, to the fixed assets under construction. Settlement is made to final assets after construction.

n During the usage phase, you can monitor maintenance costs using pieces of equipment or functionallocations.

© SAP AG LO816 5-29

SAP AG 2001

,QYHVWPHQW�LWHP

0DLQWHQDQFHRUGHU

EXGJHW

3ODQQHGFRVWV

$FWXDOFRVWV

&RVW�DJJUHJDWLRQ

3DVVLYH�DYDLODELOLW\�FKHFN

,0�30��6FHQDULR��:LWKRXW�%XGJHW�'LVWULEXWLRQ�

n This scenario assumes that no active availability check should be made for a budget that has beendefined for an investment item, but rather that the funds budgeted should only be compared in thereporting of planned and actual values of the investment measures. Distribution of the budget of aninvestment item to the assigned maintenance orders is therefore not necessary.

n Planned and actual order costs will be aggregated according to the bottom-up principle using thereporting function in Investment Management and can therefore be compared with the appropriatebudget.

© SAP AG LO816 5-30

SAP AG 2001

,QYHVWPHQW�LWHP

0DLQWHQDQFH�RUGHU

EXGJHW

EXGJHW

'LVWULEXWLRQ&RVW�DJJUHJDWLRQ

Planned costs$FWXDOFRVWVCommitment *

$FWLYHDYDLODELOLW\�FKHFN

*) if commitments management active

3DVVLYH�DYDLODELOLW\�FKHFN

,0�30��6FHQDULR��ZLWK�%XGJHW�'LVWULEXWLRQ�

n This scenario assumes that the budget for an investment item is distributed to the assignedmaintenance orders.The budget defined at order level is used as the basis for an active availability check that isperformed at order level.In principle, only the actual order costs are subject to this check - and, if commitments managementis active, the share of planned costs for the commitment update.

n As in the first scenario, planned and actual order costs will be aggregated according to the bottom-upprinciple using the reporting function in Investment Management and can therefore be comparedwith the appropriate budget.

© SAP AG LO816 5-31

SAP AG 2001

5HSRUWLQJ�DQG�$QDO\VLV�([DPSOHV�LQ�,0��

""""

þ êlÿ��#ò�íKó��#íIó�ì#í��#ò��>ó í��óê�îñ�ò�ì�ð ��ò ícð ê�ì#ò�ï�ò�îó ò ûø�ð û ícî�ð ú í�ó�øÁí��#óKð4î� ú ø�ñ�ó í ûò�÷>îê û û ÷#ê�ì�÷>îó í�óôÁó ò û�ú îIó û � û ò�ý�ï ê�ò í û í_ð�ï4ïò��ò�ðJï ò��ï ó �

� ê�ÿ ô ú ÷��´ê�ý�í��#ó ú ø�ñ�ó í ð û û í_ð�ï�ïò��ò�ð�ï ò��ï ó ð4ì í��>óÉê�îñ�ò�ì�ð ��ò�ícð ê�ì#ò�ïò�î�ó#ò û�� #ó�îó��#ò û ô.ê�îIó�í��#ò�ì�� ê>ý�í��ó� ú ø�ñ�ó íKò�ï�î�ó�ò#ø�ö�#ó ó�ìú û ó#ø ú õ �

� ��ò�íCê�î�ñ�ò�ìKð �*ò�ícð ê�ì#ò�ïò�îIó#ò û �#ò��ó.î�ó�÷�ó�ð �>ó#øÁò ú øKñ�ó�íCê�ý ï ó û#û í��ò�ì�� ê>ý�í��#ó�õ�ï ò�ì�ì�ó#ølý ú ì�ø û �""

© SAP AG LO816 5-32

SAP AG 2001

$QDO\VLV�RI�3ODQQLQJ�DQG�%XGJHW�'HYLDWLRQV

3ODQ�EXGJHW�FRPSDULVRQ�LQ�SURJUDP &XUUHQW�GDWH��,QYHVWPHQW�SURJUDP ��)URP�LWHP QRW�DVVLJQHG$SSURYHG�ILVFDO�\HDU ��

� 3ODQ�%XGJHW�&RPSDULVRQ�LQ�3URJUDP�3ODQ�%XGJHW�&RPSDULVRQ�LQ�3URJUDP��2YHUYLHZ2YHUYLHZ

7� RWDO,QYHVWPHQW�SURJUDP�LWHP��3ODQQHG��%XGJHW��'LIIHUHQFH� ��,QYHVWPHQWV�(1 ��

�� $GPLQLVWUDWLRQ�LQYHVWPHQWV�� $GPLQ��%XLOGLQJV �� $GPLQ��)LWWLQJV ��

�� 3URGXFWLRQ�LQYHVWPHQWV �� 6DOHV�LQYHVWPHQWV ��

� ��,QYHVWPHQWV�*% ��

,QYHVWPHQWV��(1�3ODQQHG��%XGJHW��'LVWULEXWHG��

n This report provides the following business information:The planned value in the R/3 Investment Management module represents the funds requested byorganizational units for the implementation of their capital investment measures, whereas the budgetshows the funds actually approved. The report enables you to see which requested funds wereapproved in full for which organizational units, where cuts were made and the extent of these cuts.

© SAP AG LO816 5-33

SAP AG 2001


""þ êÁÿ �#ò�í�ó��#íIó�ì í��>ò��ó�í��#óê�îñ�ò�ì�ð ��ò í�ð ê�ì�ò�ï*òKî�ó#ò ûø�ð û ícî_ð ú í�ó#ø�í��ó�ð�î! ú ø�ñ�ó�í ûò�÷>î�ê û û ÷ ê�ì�÷�îIó�í�óôÁó#ò û�ú îó û � û ò ý_ï ê�ò�í û í_ð�ï�ïò��ò�ð4ï ò��ï ó �

� ��ð ÷��´ê�îñ�ò�ì�ð ��ò�ícð ê�ì>ò�ïò�îó ò û �#ò��>ó�îIó#÷#ó�ð ��ó#ø�ò ú ø�ñ�ó�í�ê>ý ï ó û û í��#ò�ì�� ê>ýCí��#ó�õKï ò�ìCì#ó#ø ý ú ì�ø û �""

� ê�ÿ ô ú ÷��´ê�ý�í��#ó ú ø�ñ�ó í ð û û í_ð�ï�ïò��ò�ð�ï ò��ï ó ð4ì í��>óÉê�îñ�ò�ì�ð ��ò�ícð ê�ì#ò�ïò�î�ó#ò û�� #ó�îó��#ò û ô.ê�îIó�í��#ò�ì�� ê>ý�í��ó� ú ø�ñ�ó íKò�ï�î�ó�ò#ø�ö�#ó ó�ìú û ó#ø ú õ �""

© SAP AG LO816 5-34

SAP AG 2001

$QDO\VLV�RI�%XGJHW�'LVWULEXWLRQ�RQ�7Ë DVNV

%XGJHW�GLVWULEXWLRQ�RQ�WDVNV &XUUHQW�GDWH��,QYHVWPHQW�SURJUDP ��)URP�LWHP QRW�DVVLJQHG$SSURYHG�ILVFDO�\HDU ��

� %XGJHW�GLVWULEXWLRQ�RQ�WDVNV�%XGJHW�GLVWULEXWLRQ�RQ�WDVNV��2YHUYLHZ2YHUYLHZ

,QYHVWPHQW�SURJUDP�LWHP��3URJ��EXGJ��7DVNV�EXGJ��'LVWULE��EXGJ��'LVWULE�'LVSOD\�LQ � �� ,QYHVWPHQWV�(1� ��

�� 6DOHV�LQYHVWPHQWV �� $GPLQ��%XLOGLQJV �� $GPLQ��)LWWLQJV ��

�� 3URGXFWLRQ�LQYHVWP�� 6DOHV�LQYHVWPHQWV� ��

� ,QYHVWPHQWV�*%� ��

%XLOGLQJV��

3URMHFW�� 3ODQ��%XGJHW��'LVWULE��$YDLO

3ODQQHG�%XGJHW�'LVWULEXWHG

7� RWDO

,QYHVWPHQW�3URJUDP

,QYHVWPHQW�PHDVXUH

n This report provides the following business information:The budget that has been assigned to the organizational units is distributed across specific investmentmeasures. Some of these measures have either not been created as orders or projects in the system or,at the very least, have not been budgeted. The discrepancy between the budget for the measures andthat for the superior program item in the hierarchy indicates how much of the budget can bedistributed on investment measures, or whether you, as the person responsible for your budget, havealready fully distributed your budget.

© SAP AG LO816 5-35

SAP AG 2001


""""

� ê>ÿ ô ú ÷��´ê�ý�í��ó ú øKñ�ó í ð û û í�ð ïJïò��ò�ð4ï ò��ï ó ð4ì í"�#óÉê�îñ�ò�ìKð ��ò�ícð ê�ì#òKïò�î�ó�ò û � � ��ó�îIó��ò û ô.ê�îó�í��#òKì�� ê>ýCí��#ó� ú ø�ñ�ó�íKò�ï�îó ò#ø�ö#ó#ó�ì ú û ó#ø ú õ �

""� ��ð ÷��´ê�îñ�ò�ì�ð ��ò�ícð ê�ì>ò�ïò�îó ò û �#ò��>ó�îIó#÷#ó�ð ��ó#ø�ò ú ø�ñ�ó�í�ê>ý ï ó û û í��#ò�ì�� ê>ýCí��#ó�õKï ò�ìCì#ó#ø ý ú ì�ø û �

þ êlÿ��#ò�íKó��#íIó�ì#í��#ò��>ó í��óê�îñ�ò�ì�ð ��ò ícð ê�ì#ò�ï�ò�îó ò ûø�ð û ícî�ð ú í�ó�øÁí��#óKð4î� ú ø�ñ�ó í ûò�÷>îê û û ÷#ê�ì�÷>îó í�óôÁó ò û�ú îIó û � û ò�ý�ï ê�ò í û í_ð�ï4ïò��ò�ðJï ò��ï ó �

© SAP AG LO816 5-36

SAP AG 2001

$QDO\VLV�RI�%XGJHW�$YDLODELOLW\

%XGJHW�GLVWULEXWLRQ�LQ�SURJUDP &XUUHQW�GDWH��,QYHVWPHQW�SURJUDP ��)URP�LWHP QRW�DVVLJQHG$SSURYHG�ILVFDO�\HDU ��

� %XGJHW�GLVWULEXWLRQ�RQ�WDVNV�%XGJHW�GLVWULEXWLRQ�RQ�WDVNV��2YHUYLHZ2YHUYLHZ

,QYHVWPHQW�SURJUDP�LWHP��%XGJHW��'LVWULEXWHG $YDLODEOH ��$YDLO�� ,QYHVWPHQWV�(1 ��

�� 6DOHV�LQYHVWPHQWV �� $GPLQ��%XLOGLQJV ��

�� $GPLQ��)LWWLQJV �� 3URGXFWLRQ�LQYHVWV� �� 6DOHV�LQYHVWPHQWV� ��

�� ,QYHVWPHQWV�*%� ��

<HDU��

3URMHFW�� 3ODQ��%XGJHW� 'LVWULE�$YDLODEOH

�� 3ODQ��%XGJHW�'LVWULE��$YDLODEOH

%XLOGLQJV��

��,QYHVWPHQW�3URJUDP

,QYHVWPHQW�PHDVXUH

n This report provides the following business information:The availability check is a central function in investment controlling. The function of the report is toallow a passive availability check. This means you use the report to check resource use.

© SAP AG LO816 5-37

SAP AG 2001

,QYHVWPHQW�2UGHU

,QYHVWPHQW�RUGHU

��$#%�'& ó!ÿ õ ú ôpõ�ð4ì�ñû íIò ícð ê�ì

JHQHUDWHV

$VVHW�XQGHU�FRQVWUXFWLRQ

n You use investment orders to help perform tasks that have to be capitalized.Example: The maintenance or plant engineer at an automobile production plant wants to representthe construction of a new tool (for example, a press).

n Through the investment order, an asset under construction (AuC) is created with an asset number inAsset Accounting. All the tasks performed are debited to the order for this asset.

n You can maintain the technical system under construction in the order. You can also specifyinformation relevant to an investment reason, investment support measure, or asset evaluation.

n Similarly, you can also simulate depreciation.

n If the asset has been completed, you can create a complete asset in Asset Accounting from the order.

© SAP AG LO816 5-38

SAP AG 2001

6HWWOHPHQW�RI�,QYHVWPHQW�2UGHU

,QYHVWPHQW�RUGHU

�(��#%�)& ó!ÿ õ ú ôpõ�ð�ì�ñû íò�ícð ê�ì

'LVWULEXWLRQ�UXOHVl Cost center (settlement type VOR)

l Fixed asset (settlement type AuC)

during the first settlementis created automatically

6HWWOHPHQW�UXOH

n The investment order can be settled in two ways:

é 100% settlement to the technical system under construction that was generated by the order.

é Settlement of costs partly to the technical system under construction and partly to a cost center.

n If the only some of the costs are settled to the cost center, the distribution rule for the cost center iscreated manually before settlement with settlement type VOR (periodic preliminary settlement).

n The distribution rule for a fixed asset is not created manually in either case, but automatically duringthe first settlement.

© SAP AG LO816 5-39

SAP AG 2001

�5XOHV�IRU�FRS\LQJ�DQ�LQYHVWPHQWSURJUDP�WR�WKH�RUGHUF 'HILQH�WUDQVIHU�RI�LQYHVWPHQW�SURJUDPF $VVLJQ�,0�DVVLJQPHQW�NH\�WR�RUGHU�W\SHF 'HILQH�ILHOGV�IRU�,0�DVVLJQPHQW

�

5HOHYDQW�6HWWLQJV

�2UGHU�W\SHV�DQG�LQYHVWPHQWPDQDJHPHQWF 0DUN�RUGHU�W\SHV�IRU�LQYHVWPHQW

PHDVXUHVF 'HILQH�LQYHVWPHQW�SURILOHV

© SAP AG LO816 5-40

([HUFLVHV

8QLW�� %XGJHWLQJ�DQG�&RVW�3ODQQLQJ7RSLF�� ,QGLYLGXDO�%XGJHWV


• Assign a budget to a maintenance order

• Describe the effects of the budget

Standing orders are to be carried out at IDES

3-1 A standing order for small repairs needs a budget for the current fiscal year.

What is the general prerequisite for allocation of a budget?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

3-2 Create the standing order for the current fiscal year (to begin with, without release).

What number is assigned?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

3-3 Allocate a budget of 10,000 to your standing order.

How do you proceed?

What happens when you allocate the budget?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 5-41

3-4 Plan internal and external operations.

Which costs are checked against the order budget?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 5-42

8QLW�� %XGJHWLQJ�DQG�&RVW�3ODQQLQJ7RSLF�� 0DLQWHQDQFH�3URMHFWV


• Assign a maintenance order to a project

• Verify the budget of a WBS element

• Control the budget monitoring of maintenance orders for theproject

• Monitor maintenance costs for the project

At IDES, complex maintenance tasks should be controlled andmonitored using projects.

For this purpose, the maintenance orders, which represent the partsteps, are assigned to a WBS element.

4-1 The modification of clarification plant ## should be processed using a project that issub-divided into two larger projects: Mechanical and electrical work.

Display the structure of project I/5001.

How do you proceed?

What are the basic dates?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

4-2 During mechanical work, the maintenance department must erect scaffolding. Plana maintenance order for this with order type PM01 and schedule the relevantoperations.

Assign this order to the WBS element I/5001.

How do you proceed?

What are you asked?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 5-43

4-3 Maintain a suitable settlement rule for the order.

How do you proceed?

Put the order in process. Which order number is assigned?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

4-4 Check the planned costs for the order.

Which costs have been calculated?

Check whether these planned costs also appear at WBS element level. How do youproceed?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

4-5 Check the budget for the project. What is the total budget for the WBS element?What is the budget for the current fiscal year?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

4-6 Which costs for maintenance orders can be checked against the budget for the WBSelement?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

4-7 Enter a time confirmation for your order and then check the cost situation for orderand project.

How do you proceed?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 5-44

4-8 Settle the order to the WBS element.

How do you proceed?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 5-45

8QLW�� %XGJHWLQJ�DQG�&RVW�3ODQQLQJ7RSLF�� ,QYHVWPHQWV


• Use investment programs to monitor complex maintenancetasks

• Create investment orders

At IDES, certain complex projects, such as new developments,should be monitored using investment programs.

Individual investment orders should be created for particulartasks which must be capitalized.

5-1 The modification of clarification plant ## should be processed using an investmentprogram that is sub-divided into two larger projects: Mechanical and electricalwork.

Display the structure of investment program PM-INV.

How do you proceed?

Which items are defined?

Which system statuses are set?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

5-2 During mechanical work, the maintenance department must erect scaffolding. Plana maintenance order for this with order type PM01 and schedule the relevantoperations.

Assign this order to investment program item PM-INV-1.

How do you proceed?

Plan at least one internally processed operation with a standard time and then putthe order in process.

Which order number is assigned?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 5-46

5-3 How can you achieve automatic assignment of the order (during creation) to aprogram item?

List the Customizing settings that must be maintained for this.

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

5-4 Check the budget for program item PM-INV-1.

What is the total value and what value is specified for the current fiscal year?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

5-5 Define a budget of 5,000 UNI for your order. This should be performed duringbudget distribution from the program item.

How do you proceed?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

5-6 Which order costs can be checked against the budget distributed for the programitem?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

5-7 Use the general structure and value list to check the cost situation for the programitem.

How do you proceed?

The planned costs, budget values, actual costs and commitments for the ordersshould be displayed here (in this sequence).

Which fields must be activated?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 5-47

5-8 The new development of a sand trap within the mechanical cleaning of yourclarification plant ## should be processed using a separate investment order.

Use order type PM07 to configure an investment order for this purpose andgenerate an asset under construction with the following values:

Investment profile 000001

Scale 2

Investment reason 40

Environmental protectioninvestment

20000

How do you proceed?

Which asset number is assigned?

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

5-9 Describe the additional steps for processing the investment order.

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 5-48

6ROXWLRQV

8QLW�� %XGJHWLQJ�DQG�&RVW�3ODQQLQJ7RSLF�� ,QGLYLGXDO�%XGJHWV

3-1 A budget profile must be assigned to the order type. You define this in Controlling,and assign it as follows in PM Customizing:

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH3URFHVVLQJ�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→�)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU2UGHU�7\SHV�→�&RQILJXUH�2UGHU�7\SHV

3-2 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→2UGHU�→�&UHDWH��*HQHUDO�

3-3 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→2UGHU�→�%XGJHW�→�2ULJLQDO�%XGJHW�→�&KDQJHBudget effect: System status BUDG is set at order header level. In the &RVWV tabpage in the order, you can use the button 5HSRUW�EXGJHW�FRPPWV to see the budget.

3-4 In the planned costs area, only those costs that result in a commitment are checkedagainst the budget. In this case, commitment management must have been activatedfor the order type.

In the actual costs area, all resource consumption (services/materials) is checkedagainst the budget.

If the budget is exceeded when you post actual costs, the budget must besupplemented. You can use transaction COFC to perform follow-up posting formissing actual costs.

© SAP AG LO816 5-49

8QLW�� %XGJHWLQJ�DQG�&RVW�3ODQQLQJ7RSLF�� 0DLQWHQDQFH�3URMHFWV

4-1 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3URMHFW�6\VWHP�→�3URMHFW�→�6SHFLDO�0DLQWHQDQFH)XQFWLRQV�→�6WUXFWXUH�3ODQQLQJ�→�'LVSOD\�3URMHFWProject I/5001

WBS element I/5001-1 mechanical work: 01.01.1999 - 31.07.2005

WBS element I/5001-2 electrical work: 01.06.1999 - 31.12.2005

4-2 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→2UGHU�→�&UHDWH��*HQHUDO�Order entry

Order type: PM01

Reference object: Functional location ##

$GGLWLRQDO�GDWD tab page, :%6�HOHPHQW field >> I/5001-1

You are asked whether the dates for the WBS element should be transferred.

4-3 In the order header, 6HWWOHPHQW�UXOH button;

delete the standard rule; then make the following entries:

)LHOG�1DPH�RU�'DWD�7\SH 9DOXHV&DW� :%66HWWOHPHQW�UHFHLYHU�V� ,�� 6HWWOHPHQW�W\SH 3(5

Another line can be added with the same data, but which is used as settlement typeTOT (total). This is used for complete settlement of the order, if settlement is notalways periodic.

© SAP AG LO816 5-50

4-4 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→2UGHU�→�&KDQJH

&RVWV�WDE�SDJH

6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3URMHFW�6\VWHP�→�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP�→�)LQDQFLDOV→�&RVWV�→�3ODQ�%DVHG�→�+LHUDUFKLFDOPlan/Actual/Variance

Enter and execute project I/5001 and WBS element I/5001-1

4-5 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3URMHFW�6\VWHP�→�)LQDQFLDOV�→�%XGJHWLQJ�→2ULJLQDO�%XGJHW�→�'LVSOD\

)LHOG�1DPH�RU�'DWD�7\SH 9DOXHVTotal budget (7RWDO button) ��Budget current year (<HDUbutton)

��

4-6 Both the planned and actual costs for the orders are checked against the budget.External costs are checked, as are costs for external services and materials.

Note that the budget for the WBS element is not visible in the order.

4-7 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→&RPSOHWLRQ�&RQILUPDWLRQ�→�(QWU\�→�,QGLYLGXDO�7LPH�&RQILUPDWLRQ�RU&ROOHFWLYH�7LPH�&RQILUPDWLRQ�→�:LWK�6HOHFWLRQthen

6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→2UGHU�→�&KDQJH&RVWV�WDE�SDJH

6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3URMHFW�6\VWHP�→�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP�→�)LQDQFLDOV→�&RVWV�→�3ODQ�%DVHG�→�+LHUDUFKLFDOPlan/Actual/Variance

Enter and execute project I/5001 and WBS element I/5001-1

4-8 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→&RPSOHWLRQ�→�,QGLYLGXDO�3URFHVVLQJ�→�6HWWOH

© SAP AG LO816 5-51

8QLW�� %XGJHWLQJ�DQG�&RVW�3ODQQLQJ7RSLF�� ,QYHVWPHQWV

5-1 6$3�PHQX�→�$FFRXQWLQJ�→�,QYHVWPHQW�0DQDJHPHQW�→�3URJUDPV�→�0DVWHU'DWD�→�,QYHVWPHQW�3URJUDP�6WUXFWXUH�→�'LVSOD\Program PM-INV

$SSURYDO�\HDU�± enter current year

Double click on PM-INV-1 to confirm

)LHOG�1DPH�RU�'DWD�7\SH 9DOXHVProgram item PM-INV-1

System status BUDG REL

5-2 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→2UGHU�→�&UHDWH��*HQHUDO�Order entry

Order type: PM01


*RWR�→�$VVLJQPHQWV�→�,QYHVWPHQW�SURJUDPIf only one investment program exists for the current fiscal year, this is proposed:

PM-INV

>>enter program item PM-INV-1

5-3 For automatic assignment, the following settings must be maintained inCustomizing:

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH3URFHVVLQJ�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→�)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU2UGHU�7\SHV�→

→�'HILQH�7UDQVIHU�RI�3URMHFW�RU�,QYHVWPHQW�3URJUDPValue: 1

Define Relevant Fields for Assignment of IM Program

© SAP AG LO816 5-52

The IM assignment key must contain the fields, according to which the assignmentshould be made (for example, company code, plant or functional location).

$VVLJQ�,0�$VVLJQPHQW�.H\�WR�2UGHU�7\SHVThe IM assignment key must be assigned to the order type configured for thetransfer of the IM program.

5-4 6$3�PHQX�→�$FFRXQWLQJ�→�,QYHVWPHQW�0DQDJHPHQW�→�3URJUDPV�→%XGJHWLQJ�→�'LVSOD\�2ULJLQDO)LHOG�1DPH�RU�'DWD�7\SH 9DOXHVTotal budget for item PM-INV-1 ��81,Budget for current fiscal year ��81,

5-5 6$3�PHQX�→�$FFRXQWLQJ�→�,QYHVWPHQW�0DQDJHPHQW�→�3URJUDPV�→%XGJHWLQJ�→�%XGJHW�'LVWULEXWLRQ�→�(GLWSelection:

)LHOG�1DPH�RU�'DWD�7\SH 9DOXHVInvestment Program PM-INV

Select current tasks Active

Original Active

Orders Active

Execute and enter budget for the order (both total value and value for current fiscalyear).

5-6 All actual costs and commitments are checked against the budget. Planned coststhat do not lead to a commitment (such as internal activity) are not checked againstthe budget.

© SAP AG LO816 5-53

5-7 6$3�PHQX�→�$FFRXQWLQJ�→�,QYHVWPHQW�0DQDJHPHQW�→�3URJUDPV�→�,QIR6\VWHP�→�,QYHVWPHQW�0DQDJHPHQW�5HSRUWV�→�3URJUDPV�±�&XUUHQW�'DWD�→6WUXFWXUH�DQG�9DOXH�/LVW�IRU�,QYHVWPHQW�3URJUDPV�→�*HQHUDO�9DOXH�/LVW

)LHOG�1DPH�RU�'DWD�7\SH 9DOXHVPlanned values for tasks 1

Budget values for tasks 2

Actual values 3

Commitment values 4

5-8 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�0DLQWHQDQFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→2UGHU�→�&UHDWH��*HQHUDO�Order type: PM07


,QYHVWPHQW tab page; enter the specified parameters; then $VVHW�XQGHU�FRQVWUXFWLRQbutton

5-9 The investment order is debited with the costs (= times and materials) for the newdevelopment. The processing here works in the same way as for the standard order.

If the work is finished, a complete asset is generated from the order (,QYHVWPHQW tabpage). This leads to the automatic creation of a distribution rule in the investmentorder (settlement rule with account assignment category ANL and newly generatedasset number as receiver).

Finally, the order is settled to the completed asset (asset is activated).

© SAP AG LO816 6-1

SAP AG 2001

l 30,6�DQG�/,6��%DVLFVl (QKDQFHPHQW�RSWLRQVl )OH[LEOH�DQDO\VHVl (DUO\�:DUQLQJ�6\VWHPl 2XWORRN��/,6�DQG�%XVLQHVV�,QIRUPDWLRQ�:DUHKRXVH��%:�

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP

© SAP AG LO816 6-2

SAP AG 2001

8QLW�2EMHFWLYHV

l 'HVFULEH�GDWD�ZDUHKRXVH�FRQFHSWVl 3HUIRUP�VWDQGDUG�DQDO\VHVl &UHDWH�\RXU�RZQ�NH\�ILJXUHV�DQG�LQIRUPDWLRQ

VWUXFWXUHVl 8VH�IXQFWLRQV�IURP�WKH�(DUO\�:DUQLQJ�6\VWHPl 'HILQH�DQG�SHUIRUP�IOH[LEOH�DQDO\VHVl 3RVLWLRQLQJ�RI�/,6�DQG�%:


© SAP AG LO816 6-4

SAP AG 2001

l 7KH�GHYHORSPHQW�RI�FRVWV��GDPDJH�DQG�EUHDNGRZQVVKRXOG�EH�PRQLWRUHG�DW�GLIIHUHQW�OHYHOV�XVLQJH[LVWLQJ�DQDO\VHV�

l ,I�DQ�H[FHSWLRQDO�VLWXDWLRQ�RFFXUV��DQDXWRPDWLF�ZDUQLQJ�VKRXOG�EH�VHQW�WRWKH�PDQDJHPHQW�

l 6HOI�GHILQHG�DQDO\VHV�EDVHG�RQLQWHUQDO�LQIRUPDWLRQ�VWUXFWXUHVVKRXOG�EH�FUHDWHG�IRU�VSHFLDOHYDOXDWLRQV�

%XVLQHVV�6FHQDULR

© SAP AG LO816 6-5

SAP AG 2001

30,6�DQG�/,6��%DVLFV

(DUO\�:DUQLQJ�6\VWHP

(QKDQFHPHQW�2SWLRQV

)OH[LEOH�DQDO\VHV


2XWORRN��/,6�DQG�%XVLQHVV,QIRUPDWLRQ�:DUHKRXVH��%:�

© SAP AG LO816 6-6

SAP AG 2001

(:6(DUO\�:DUQLQJ

6\VWHP

(:6(DUO\�:DUQLQJ

6\VWHP

)OH[LEOH�DQDO\VLV)OH[LEOH�DQDO\VLV

6WDQGDUG�DQDO\VLV

3URJUHVVLYH�DQDO\VLVWHFKQLTXHV

•��

• �� • � �� !�"�� #�

$�%&'&()(*�+ ��!�, �#�"� �.-

'DWD�:DUHKRXVH�&RQFHSWV��2YHUYLHZ

n This unit explains the concept behind the Data Warehouse in LIS.

n The individual levels of this concept are considered in greater detail and the Logistics DataWarehouse presented with its different information systems.

© SAP AG LO816 6-7

SAP AG 2001

/,6&�&/% �� % � &103214 � % � %65 78439

2.% �: (�% � &/()% � ; (<% �=�>?=A@BDCDE6EF F F F F FF F F F F FF F F F F F

B CDCHGF F F F F FF F F F F FF F F F F F

IJI KI�I KL#M�NL#M�NO�PO�PQ IQ I L#IL#I

L#LL#LI/I KI�I KR IR IS�ISTI U�VHW1X�Y[Z]\6^�_

/RJLVWLFV�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP��/,6�

n SAP Logistics offers a range of application-related information systems, all of which have the sameuser interface and comparable basic functionality.The way in which data is stored is identical in all Logistics Information Systems. A range of specialtools and working methods serve to underline the typical character of a Data Warehouse in theLogistics Information System.

n Individual Logistics Information Systems include:

é SIS Sales Information System

é PURCHIS Purchasing Information System

é INVCO Inventory Controlling

é WMIS Warehouse Management Information System

é PPIS Production Planning Information System

é QMIS Quality Management Information System

é PMIS Plant Maintenance Information System

é RIS Retail Information System

© SAP AG LO816 6-8

SAP AG 2001

'DWD�:DUHKRXVH�&RQFHSWV

2QOLQH7UDQVDFWLRQ3URFHVVLQJ

DATAWARE-HOUSE

OLTP

OLAP 2QOLQH$QDO\WLFDO

3URFHVVLQJ

`6a b c d e d fg e hAi

,QIR�VWUXFWXUHV

%XVLQHVV,QWHOOLJHQFH

6$3�5�� 6$3�5��

/,6�XSGDWH

6��6�� 6��6��6��6��

6��6��

n Newer Data Warehouse concepts use a triple-level model strategy for implementing more efficientintegrated information systems.

n The three levels sub-divide the entire data flow from data acquisition in operational systems to thepresentation of information.

n Operational, integrated applications in OLTP systems are the basis for data acquisition. Largequantities of master and process data occur in these systems, the presentation of which is ultimatelyto be improved using information systems.

n Application data is condensed into a small number of detailed key figures and managed separately inthe database tables of a Data Warehouse system.

n A number of analysis tools are available in a third step for evaluating the statistical data obtained.

n These tools offer various analysis options and provide an efficient instrument for rapid decision-making in modern management.

© SAP AG LO816 6-9

SAP AG 2001

2/732/732/73

jlkjlk j�mjnmj�o�pqlqsrj#o�pqlqsrj#o�po#t�uj�o�po#t#u

6$3�5�� 6$3�5��v[Rv[RO�PO�P

I�II/I L#LL#L

l 2/73�V\VWHPVw 0DSSLQJ�EXVLQHVV

SURFHVVHVw 0DQDJLQJ�PDVWHU�DQGRSHUDWLRQDO�GDWD1RQ�6$3�V\VWHPV

`6a b c d e d fg e hxi

/,6�XSGDWH

2QOLQH�7UDQVDFWLRQ�3URFHVVLQJ

l /,6�XSGDWH�IRUSURFHVVLQJ�RSHUDWLRQDOGDWD

w ([WUDFWLRQw $JJUHJDWLRQw .H\�ILJXUH�FDOFXODWLRQ

n R/2 and R/3 modules, as well as modules from non-SAP systems, are possible as integratedapplication modules at OLTP level.

n Large quantities of data accumulate in the system from the mapping of business processes.

n Special update modules are used to anchor the logistics information systems to the SAP R/3 OLTPapplications. The LIS update function uses data aggregation to implement one of the most importantbasic principles of the entire LIS concept.

n Update programs reduce the amount of operational data to its statistically-relevant parts. Theycompress data using periodical and object-related cumulation procedures and calculate meaningfulkey figures from the operational data using formulas and relationships.

n The updating of statistical data for the LIS can run parallel to the processing of operational data toensure the consistency between the LIS information and data in operational applications. The updatecan also take place periodically to reduce system overload in the application systems.

n The LIS components in R/3 have also been coupled with external OLTP systems.

n This means that operational data from an SAP R/2 application can subsequently be transferred to theLIS update programs of an SAP R/3 System, enabling LIS to be used as an R/3 OLAP applicationfor an R/2 OLTP system.

© SAP AG LO816 6-10

SAP AG 2001

3ULQFLSOHV�IRU�8SGDWLQJ�'DWD

8SGDWLQJ�LQ�LQIRUPDWLRQ�VWUXFWXUHV8SGDWLQJ�LQ�LQIRUPDWLRQ�VWUXFWXUHV

6WDQGDUG�DQDO\VHV6WDQGDUG�DQDO\VHV )OH[LEOH�DQDO\VHV)OH[LEOH�DQDO\VHV

/RFDWLRQ�UHODWHG/RFDWLRQ�UHODWHG 0DQXIDFWXUHU�UHODWHG0DQXIDFWXUHU�UHODWHG

1RWLI��EUHDNGRZQ�DQDO\VLV&RVW�LQIRUPDWLRQ

0DLQWHQDQFHREMHFWV

0DLQWHQDQFHSODQQLQJ

y"z6{}| ~ |D� � � � �{"� | � � � � � � | � � �H~�� | � � � | � � � � � � | � � �D~�6� | ~"� | � � � | � � � ��{�� | � � �D~�� D� � �{��H� � � � | � � �H~

0DLQWHQDQFHSURFHVVLQJ

n Data is updated in aggregated form within the respective information system in the "informationstructures". This occurs at the same time as the various editing functions of the operationaltransactions in the application.

n The information structures form the basis of the available analyses.

© SAP AG LO816 6-11

SAP AG 2001

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP�(YHQWV�LQ�8SGDWLQJ�.H\�)LJXUHV

4 �"��#��!�•

$ � �� !�#�#�� •

*�� H��•

5 �� #�� •�J� , �� &RPPXQLFDWLRQ&RPPXQLFDWLRQ

VWUXFWXUHVVWUXFWXUHV

0&,4)0&,4)0&,300&,30

��'�� '��!� ��,QIRUPDWLRQ�VWUXFWXUHV,QIRUPDWLRQ�VWUXFWXUHV

0 � , ��2 � � ��

¡ Z¢Z#£ ¤�¥�_¦^n¥l\�§n¨�©}^sY.¨�£ ¤#ª#«H^]Z8\A§¬^s�^�¥l\HZ#®• ¯ ªn¥�°s\�£ §#¥[±n²[² §n°]±¢\�£ §�¥• ³#´ ª#£ µn_.^�¥¢\• ¶ §n\�£ ¨"£ °¢±]\�£ §�¥•§�«x·�^#«

¸ �"��"�� ¹[º �� ,

, �� »�!�� , �#�"�

n Object and document data are transferred to the interface between the application and informationsystem when you end the relevant editing function - create/change with subsequent saving.

n The communications interfaces only make the data available within the program, that is, there is nopermanent location for data storage.

n The update program of the respective information structure records the relevant data for thecorresponding key figure and updates it in the respective information structure. The data updatedhere is permanent and is available for the relevant standard analysis and every other evaluation tool(flexible analysis, ABAP/4 and so on).

© SAP AG LO816 6-12

SAP AG 2001

&RQWUROOLQJ�&RVW�8SGDWHV

¼ ½ ¾ ¿ ½ÁÀ Â Ã À

2UGHUF\FOH

30,6

&XVWRPL]LQJ•�6HOHFWLRQ�RI�YDOXH��FDWHJRULHV�IRU��FRVW�SURILOH

&XVWRPL]LQJ•�$VVLJQPHQW�RI�FRVW��HOHPHQWV�WR�YDOXH��FDWHJRULHV

&XVWRPL]LQJ•�$VVLJQPHQW�RI�YDOXH��FDWHJRULHV�WR�FRVW��NH\�ILJXUHV

0DVWHU�GDWD•�'HILQLWLRQ�RI��FRVW�HOHPHQWV

&XVWRPL]LQJ•�'HILQLWLRQ��RI�YDOXH��FDWHJRULHV

n Maintenance costs are updated by the following key figures in the information structures S061,S062, S065 and S115:

é Total costs planned

é Total costs (actual)

é Internal labor costs

é Internal material costs

é External labor costs

é External material costs

é Service costs

é Other costs

n The key figures for total costs are summarily updated independently of all other criteria to providethe planned and/or consumed resources for an order.

n Updates to the other six key figures refer to the actual costs for an order and may be differentiatedusing value categories.In Customizing, you can control which value categories are relevant for updating which key figures.

© SAP AG LO816 6-13

SAP AG 2001

/RJLVWLFV�'DWD�:DUHKRXVH

,QGLYLGXDO�LQIR�VWUXFWXUHV,QGLYLGXDO�LQIR�VWUXFWXUHV

,QIR�VWUXFWXUH��3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH,QIR�VWUXFWXUH��3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH4 �� #��!�� Maintenance plantFunctional locationEquipment...

3HULRG�XQLW .H\�ILJXUHMonthlyWeeklyDaily...

No. of notificationsNo. of ordersNo. of breakdownsTotal actual costs...

6WDQGDUG�LQIR�VWUXFWXUHV6WDQGDUG�LQIR�VWUXFWXUHV

l ,QIR�VWUXFWXUHVw 7UDQVSDUHQWw $JJUHJDWLRQ�FULWHULD

w Characteristics

w Period unitw 0HDVXUDEOH�TXDQWLWLHV

w Quantitative keyfigures

w Qualitative keyfigures

w 'LYHUVHLQIR�VWUXFWXUHV�LQVWDQGDUG�V\VWHP

w 6WUDLJKWIRUZDUG�WRROVIRU�FUHDWLQJ�LQGLYLGXDOLQIR�VWUXFWXUHV

`6a b c d e d fg e hxi /RJLVWLFV�'DWD�:DUHKRXVH

& � ��#��D��& � �"��#�!D�� .-��- & � ��( ��D�� !��#�& � ��( �!D��"�!��!��

& � ��»��»�!��& � ��!��!�� & � � , � �� J�#��1�� #�& �� , � �� 1�� #�

n The individual physical tables of the Logistics Data Warehouse are described as informationstructures and clearly described in the SAP Data Dictionary. Information structures (or infostructures) have a typical structure.

n Analysis objects from the real world are transferred as evaluation groups to the info structures asFKDUDFWHULVWLFV. Statistical information is updated for characteristics, such as IXQFWLRQDO�ORFDWLRQV orHTXLSPHQW in aggregated form. 2UJDQL]DWLRQDO�HOHPHQWV, such as ORFDWLRQ, SODQW�VHFWLRQ orPDLQWHQDQFH�SODQQHU�JURXS are used as characteristics in info structures.

n The WLPH�EDVH offers another possibility for aggregating data. Data is compiled for each period andfor each characteristic. With regard to the period unit, you can choose between daily, weekly andmonthly data compression.

n Logistics key figures are updated for each characteristic combination and period unit. These includequantitative amounts that provide information about measurable subjects. .H\�ILJXUHV can beascertained for each evaluation group through cumulation, such as DFWXDO�FRVWV, or they can besimple counters, such as QXPEHU�RI�RUGHUV.

n Info structures are available in the standard SAP System for a number of application areas. Easy-to-use tools enable you to group characteristics and key figures into individual info structures accordingto your own criteria and supply them with data using separate update programs.

© SAP AG LO816 6-14

SAP AG 2001

3ODQQLQJ 3ODQQHU ��1R��RI 1R��RI��1R��RI 'RZQ�SODQW �JURXS QRWLILFDWLRQV RUGHUV��GRZQWLPHV WLPHV ��

&KDUDFWHULVWLFV�� .H\�ILJXUHV

7LPH�EDVH7LPH�EDVH

0RQWK0RQWK

157005

398

Ä Å Å ÆÄ Å Å ÆÇ6È¢g a É"iAg Ê6Ë Ì Í bxÍ aÄ�Î�Ï�Æ�Ð�ÑÒÓ�ÅDÄ ÔxÄ ÄAÄ Î�Ä ÏAÄ ÆÄ Ð Ä ÑxÄ Ò�Ä ÓAÄ ÅAÎ Ô6Î ÄÎ Î Î Ï6Î Æ�Î ÐxÎ ÑAÎ Ò6Î ÓÎ Å Ï Ô6Ï Ä

%XLOGLQJ�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6WUXFWXUHV

n Three elements are essential for constructing information structures:

é &KDUDFWHULVWLFV that correspond to individual levels or objects for updating and cumulating data

é 3HULRG�XQLWV used to order data chronologically

é .H\�ILJXUHV that represent individual aggregated information

© SAP AG LO816 6-15

SAP AG 2001

6$3�%XVLQHVV�,QWHOOLJHQFH

6WDQGDUG�DQDO\VHVÕ¢Ö]×[Ø¢Ö¢Ù}ÚÛlÛ]ÛÜ}Ý�Þ}Ý�ß]àÛlÛ]Û!á Ö�â àsÝÛlÛ]Û

)OH[LEOH�DQDO\VHV ,QGLYLGXDO�HYDOXDWLRQ

([FHO/,%

ã�äå�æ ç è ç é

ê è ë�ì

3ODQQLQJ

`xa b c d e d fg e hAi 6$3�%XVLQHVV�,QWHOOLJHQFHl 6WDQGDUG�DQDO\VHVw 1XPHURXV�VWDWLVWLFDO

IXQFWLRQVw )UHH�QDYLJDWLRQl )OH[LEOH�DQDO\VHVw &RQWUROODEOH�OD\RXWw )RUPXOD�GHULYDWLRQl ,QGLYLGXDO�HYDOXDWLRQVw /RJLFDO�GDWDEDVHVw $%$3��l /RJLVWLFV�,QIRUPDWLRQ

/LEUDU\w &ODVVLILFDWLRQ�RI�NH\ILJXUHVw 5HWULHYDO�IXQFWLRQV

l 3ODQQLQJw 'LVWULEXWLRQ�IXQFWLRQVw ,QWHUDFWLYH�JUDSKLFVw )RUHFDVW�VXSSRUWl 1RQ�6$3�UHVRXUFHVw 1DWLYH�64/w ([FHO

n A number of different RQOLQH�DQDO\VLV methods are provided by the Data Warehouse at %XVLQHVV,QWHOOLJHQFH level.

n 6WDQGDUG�DQDO\VHV offer a variety of analysis perspectives, support numerous statistical functions,allow free navigation and facilitate the enrichment of statistical data with background data from theoperational systems at OLTP level.

n )OH[LEOH�DQDO\VHV can be generated using reporting tools, according to the criteria you have defined.These analyses have a variable list layout and, like standard analyses, can be represented graphically.

n Moreover, all forms of individual evaluation and processing of warehouse information are possibleusing SAP ABAP/4, as the data is stored in clear and accessible form in the Logistics DataWarehouse.

n In addition to the actual costs from operational applications, planning data can also be managed indifferent versions in the Logistics Data Warehouse. Special planning tools support you withdistribution functions, interactive graphic and forecasting techniques when entering planning data.Planned/actual comparisons can be processed using standard analyses.

n The Logistics Data Warehouse is an open system and also allows analyses to be performed usingnon-SAP tools, such as Excel or native SQL.

© SAP AG LO816 6-16

SAP AG 2001

5HSRUWLQJ�LQ�6WDQGDUG�$QDO\VHV

)XQFWLRQVABC analysis

Classification

Dual classification

Plan/actual comparn.

Cumulation curve

Correlation

$GGLWLRQDOLQIRUPDWLRQ

Master dataDocumentsInformation

Planning plant: ��

PM planner group: %Dí�í

Month Plannedcosts

02.199803.1998

25,00035,000

20,00030,000

Planning plant: 1000PM plannergroup

Plannedcosts

Actual costs

60,00040,000

50,00040,000

& � ��!�� J� � � �)�!��!� î�� Plannedcosts

Actual costs

100,000200,000

90,000195,000

'ULOOGRZQDFFRUGLQJ�WRSODQQHU�JURXS

Planningplant

10002000

'ULOOGRZQDFFRUGLQJWR�SHULRG I99

IT1

Actual costs

Time series

'DWD�VHOHFWLRQMultiple selection

Selection optionsVariants

Self-defined Hierarchies

n 6WDQGDUG�DQDO\VHV offer extensive functions for generating wide-ranging presentations and analysesfrom the database in the LIS.

n The database for a standard analysis is set by defining the analysis object (for example, purchasinggroup, vendor or material group) and by setting default selections.

n The data can then be displayed in a structured form using an initial list, together with differentdrilldown lists. Individual analyses can be archived.

n Master data or documents can be displayed using standard application transactions from the differentexplosion levels.

n A number of special functions are available for individual analysis of the key figures andcharacteristics attributes, on which an analysis is based. All functions for evaluating statistics aresupported graphically.

© SAP AG LO816 6-17

SAP AG 2001

'HIDXOW�6HWWLQJV

6WDQGDUG�GULOO�GRZQ�

3UH�VHOHFWLRQ�RI�NH\�ILJXUHV

5HFRPPHQGDWLRQ�RI�VHOHFWLRQ�SHULRG

�

�

�,QLWLDO�JUDSKLF��\HV��QR'ULOOGRZQ�ORJ�RQ�SDJH�KHDGHU&ROXPQ�ZLGWK�FKDUDFWHULVWLF�NH\�ILJXUH&KDUDFWHULVWLF�GLVSOD\�WH[W�QXPEHU

8VHU�VHWWLQJV�IRU�HDFK�DQDO\VLV�

/LVW�SDUDPHWHUV

n You can make default settings for each standard analysis that are valid for each user. These defaultsettings may also be defined as user-specific.

n You can predefine the standard drilldown, a presentation of key figures, the default value for aselection period and different list parameters for designing the list layouts.

n You can subsequently change the key figure selection and list layout design in the standard analyses.

© SAP AG LO816 6-19

SAP AG 2001

(QKDQFHPHQW�2SWLRQV��2YHUYLHZ

(�4¦%6ïDïHï(�4¦%HïDï6ï(�4�%HïDï6ï(�4¬%HïDï6ï4 ��ð� � �! �#�#��

�� #� � �"�#�

% ��"� ��#�� <�� "��

�.��n��'�� 1�� '��'��

�/�� , �!� , � �!� , �� ñHò/ó ±�«H±[°s\6^�«�£ Z¢\�£ °sZ�ôn©õ^¢Y.¨"£ ¤�ªn«6^sZ�ô·�±}\x^3¨"£ ^�² ·�ö�� , �� , �� , ��#�� !�

ñ6ò/ó ±�«D±[°s\6^�«�£ Z]\�£ °sZ�ôn©÷^¢Y.¨�£ ¤�ª�«6^¢Z�ô·�±¢\x^1¨�£ ^n² ·nö

�1ø� ��'ø� �� í�ù �� í�ù ��1��'��

�'�!� ��ú , ��D�� ,% ��"� � �û�#�� )�� #� � �"��

$SSOLFDWLRQ

�'�� ú , �#��D�� , � �� , ��#��D�!��ñ6òJó ±�«H±[°}\x^#«A£ Z]\�£ °}Z�ôn©÷^¢Y.¨�£ ¤�ª�«6^¢Znô·�±s\x^3¨�£ ^n² ·[Z�ö

� �!��!� ,� �!�� ,

4 ��û� � �� #�� J��

n The (standard) information structures form the basis of the standard analyses.

n Should the location of the available information (key figures) and their aggregation (characteristics)of the standard analyses not meet requirements, other analysis methods may be used as follows:

é 6HOI�GHILQHG�LQIRUPDWLRQ�VWUXFWXUHV based on existing or self-defined field catalogs in thestandard system.

é 6HOI�GHILQHG�ILHOG�FDWDORJV for functionally grouping key figures or characteristics that areavailable in the communication structure.

é $SSHQG�VWUXFWXUHV for communications structures in which new key figures or characteristics aredefined.

n For flexible analysis, you can create your own HYDOXDWLRQ�VWUXFWXUHV with reference to availableinformation structures or DDIC tables (see topic flexible analysis).

© SAP AG LO816 6-20

SAP AG 2001

'HFLGLQJ�:KLFK�7RRO�WR�8VH��

r�+RZ�FDQ�,�FRYHU�H[WUD�LQIRUPDWLRQ�UHTXLUHPHQWV"ü Z\ ó ^¦£ ¥l¨A§�«�_8±]\"£ §�¥£ ¥3Z¢\x±#¥]·�±n«x·T£ ¥l¨x§¦Z]\�«�ª[°¢\�ª�«6^¢Z

ñ ¨x§�«#^sý�±l_þµ�² ^]ôsÿ¦£ \ ó §n\ ó ^�«° ó ±#«D±�°÷\A^�«�£ Z]\"£ °}Z�ô[§[\ ó ^n«µ[^�«"£ §#·Tªn¥#£ \6ö±}�±n£ ² ±��n² ^��

�� !� ��" ��#��$&%'�($)�� %��*�+,��)�#-��" ��.�&�� !� ��" ��#��$&%'�($)��

ü Z3\ ó ^Zl\x±�¥�·n±�«6·�¨"£ ^n² ·¬°¢±l\6±n² §�¤nZ¨A§�«#° ó ±[«A±¢°]\6^n«�£ Z[\�£ °¢Z¢VA©÷^¢Y.¨�£ ¤�ª�«x^sZªlZl±��² ^/�� (� ��0 ��#��$&%'�($)��1 � ��- $& ��2��3��. ��&�)��4��(� �� %��)� �.2�

Í�,QIRUPDWLRQ�VWUXFWXUH��!�)LHOG�FDWDORJ��!�&RPPXQLFDWLRQ�VWUXFWXUH

1

1

<

<

© SAP AG LO816 6-21

SAP AG 2001

'HFLGLQJ�:KLFK�7RRO�WR�8VH��

ü Z3\ ó ^£ ¥s¨�§�«x_�±s\"£ §�¥¬£ ¥°[§�_ _ ª#¥�£ °¢±l\�£ §�¥.Z¢\"«�ªl°¢\"ªn«x^sZ±¢l±�£ ² ±5�#² ^6�

¡ µnµ[^n¥�·�Z]\"«�ªl°]\�ª�«6^¢Z±]Z.^n¥ ó ±#¥l°l^]_¬^�¥l\�§n¨°l§#_¬_þª#¥�£ °¢±¢\"£ §�¥3Z]\�«�ª[°¢\"ªn«6^¢Zò «H^l±s\6^

ò «H^l±¢\6^3Z[^n² ¨�7H·n^]¨�£ ¥[^l·�¨�£ ^�² ·°¢±¢\6±�² §#¤lZ3ÿ¦£ \ ó ªlZ]±[¤n^.§n¨°]§#_¬_ ª#¥�£ °¢±]\�£ §�¥3Z¢\"«�ª[°¢\�ªn«x^sZ

ò «H^l±¢\6^3Z[^n² ¨�7H·n^]¨�£ ¥[^l·�¨�£ ^�² ·°¢±¢\6±�² §#¤lZ3ÿ¦£ \ ó ªlZ]±[¤n^§�¨�±#µnµ[^�¥�·¦Z]\�«"ªl°¢\�ª�«6^¢Z

ò «H^l±¢\6^3Z[^n² ¨87H·n^]¨�£ ¥[^l·£ ¥]¨x§�«x_¦±¢\�£ §#¥.Zl\�«�ª�°}\"ª#«H^1ÿ¦£ \ óªlZ]±[¤n^8§n¨�Zl^n² ¨87H·n^]¨�£ ¥[^l·¨�£ ^�² · °¢±]\6±n² §�¤nZ

ò «H^l±¢\6^8Z[^�² ¨87H·n^]¨�£ ¥l^l·£ ¥¢¨x§�«x_¬±}\ £ §�¥8Zl\�«�ª�°s\�ª#«H^'ÿ¬£ \ óªlZ¢±�¤�^.§n¨�Z[^�² ¨876·�^]¨�£ ¥[^]·¨�£ ^[² · °¢±]\6±n² §n¤nZ

r�+RZ�FDQ�,�FRYHU�H[WUD�LQIRUPDWLRQ�UHTXLUHPHQWV"Í�,QIRUPDWLRQ�VWUXFWXUH��!�)LHOG�FDWDORJ��!�&RPPXQLFDWLRQ�VWUXFWXUH

1

<

© SAP AG LO816 6-22

SAP AG 2001

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP�$QDO\VLV�2SWLRQV��2YHUYLHZ

9;:&<=9>:�<=9>?@A9;?�@A9B=A�C9;=&A�C

9>�� D �� (� ��0 ��#��$&%'�($)��

l 6HOI�GHILQHGDQDO\VHV��)XQFWLRQDOLW\�DVIRU�VWDQGDUGDQDO\VHV

EGFGHGIJI�IE;FGHKI�I�IE;FGHKIJI�IEGF;HKIJI�I

9G�.� ��(��'L��$��#� �� $�%��$)��

l )OH[LEOH�DQDO\VHV��6LPSOH��JHQHUDWHG��HYDOXDWLRQ��OLVW�

D ��M�� 0 �#��$�%'��$.��

9NCCO=9NCCO=9;A�P�<9;AP&<9>AP)C9>AP)C

Standard analyses- Hierarchybreakdown- Graphic tools- ...

© SAP AG LO816 6-23

SAP AG 2001

QR��)�S?A<&A=?

1HZ�NH\�ILJXUH1HZ�NH\�ILJXUH

$QDO\VLV�RI�WRROV

,QIR�VWUXFWXUHV

0DLQWHQDQFH�GDWD

��

30��30��30��

No. of hours of internal processing

�

��KUV��KUV��KUV

$FWXDO�ZRUN��2SHUDWLRQV

'HILQLWLRQ�RI�,QWHUQDO�.H\�)LJXUHV

n You can define internal key figures in the form of FRVW�NH\�ILJXUHV or TXDQWLW\�NH\�ILJXUHV.n The necessary structures for definition of internal key figures are simple to use, and are pre-defined

in Customizing.

© SAP AG LO816 6-24

SAP AG 2001

'HILQLWLRQ�RI�,QWHUQDO�.H\�)LJXUHV��6HTXHQFH

� � �

� �

'HILQH�GDWDHOHPHQW'&867&2676'&867+2856

(QKDQFHFRPPXQLFDWLRQVWUXFWXUH0&,30&2865

'HILQH�ILHOGFDWDORJ�DQGLQIR�VWUXFWXUH

'HILQH�XSGDWHIRUPXOD

'HILQH�XSGDWHUXOHV�IRU�IRUPXOD

�&XVWRPL]LQJ�(QWHU�NH\�ILJXUHV$VVLJQ�YDOXHFDWHJRULHV

n 1. You can use a template (for example, DCUSTCOSTS for cost key figures RU DCUSTHOURS forquantity key figures) to create a new data element for the key figure that is to be generated.

n 2. The key figure is defined as a field in the communications structure MCIPMCOUSR (append).

n 3. The new field is copied to a user defined field catalog. This catalog forms the basis for the creationof an internal info structure.

n 4. You use the update formula to define which key figures (dependent on assignments in table/viewV_PMCOCKF) should be updated in an information structure.

n 5. The update rules define how a key figure should be updated: What event - for example,maintenance order - cumulative or as a counter, or with what unit, and controlled by which formula(see 4).

n 6. You must first enter the new key figure under customer specific key figures in Customizing. Valuecategory(ies) whose values/quantities need to be updated for the key figure are then assigned to thiskey figure.

n You can find a detailed description of the procedure as follows:

• Transaction ICKF

• Execute help for application

© SAP AG LO816 6-25

SAP AG 2001

5HOHYDQW�6HWWLQJV

�8SGDWH�FXUUHQF\F 'HILQLWLRQ�RI�FXUUHQF\�IRU�PDLQWHQDQFH�VWDWLVWLFV

�8SGDWLQJ�RI�FRVW�NH\�ILJXUHVF $VVLJQPHQW�RI�YDOXH�FDWHJRULHV

WR�FRVW�NH\�ILJXUHV

�&XVWRPHU�VSHFLILF�NH\�ILJXUHVF 'HILQLWLRQ�RI�FXVWRPHU�VSHFLILF

NH\�ILJXUHV

© SAP AG LO816 6-27

SAP AG 2001

,QGLYLGXDO�(YDOXDWLRQV��)OH[LEOH�$QDO\VHV

T�U5VOWYX�Z [�V6\5]6] [5W/\^X�Z [V_�`&U'Z aObNc5V�Xd>[&V/X�e

f L&��$�� g�h-&��&2��-�)��%��i�.�� #� %'

0DUFK�� $XJXVW��$FWXDO�FRVWV

2UGHUV�FUHDWHG

66

24

188

42

240

75

26

1610

49

445

240,000 UNI

100,000 UNI

40,000 UNI60,000 UNI

114,000 UNI

75,000 UNI65,000 UNI

Total

.��3��P-1000-N001ET-01

.��3��P-1000-N003

ET-99

200,000 UNI

90,000 UNI

40,000 UNI50,000 UNI

110,000 UNI

60,000 UNI50,000 UNI

$FWXDO�FRVWV2UGHUV�FUHDWHG

Q�� j%��k ��*)� )�)��&�l%�� &�� k ��O�%��$�)�5%��

f L&)��$�� g�h-&��&2��m �'+"�� 2M$)��

CO=&:CO=: AA=AA=n ?@n ?@

3LFN�XSWHFKQLTXH

n You use the IOH[LEOH�DQDO\VHV in the LIS as a program generator. To do this, you describe the menu-controlled form and content of the required list and the system generates the program in thebackground after you have pressed the appropriate button. The resulting list is quite basic but stilloffers a variety of options for interactive processing.

n The IOH[LEOH�DQDO\VLV function offers the following DGYDQWDJHV compared to the VWDQGDUG�DQDO\VLV:n You can use this technique to merge characteristics and key figures from different info structures or

Data Dictionary tables in a list.

n You can choose between different layout variants.

n You can calculate new key figures for existing key figures using formulas you yourself have defined.

n The function "Evaluation" enables you to describe a report function in the LIS. A program object isconcealed behind the term "Evaluation" which controls data preparation and retrieval.

n You can select characteristics and key figures using a "pick-up" technique. Similarly, you can definethe list layout using a simple selection.

© SAP AG LO816 6-28

SAP AG 2001

)URP�'DWDEDVH�WR�'DWD�3UHVHQWDWLRQ

o � ��

(YDOXDWLRQVWUXFWXUH

(YDOXDWLRQVWUXFWXUH

(YDOXDWLRQVWUXFWXUH

(YDOXDWLRQ(YDOXDWLRQ

'DWDSUHVHQWDWLRQ

'DWDSURFXUHPHQW

/RJLFDOGDWD�YLHZ

3K\VLFDOGDWDEDVH

'DWDEDVH�WDEOHV

/,6�WDEOH�GHVFULSWLRQ

5HSRUWV

'',&WDEOHV'',&WDEOHV

,QIRVWUXFWXUHV

,QIRVWUXFWXUHV

n You require an "evaluation structure" in the LIS to control the data retrieval for evaluations. Theydescribe the possible data sources for your evaluations. These data sources can either be LQIRUPDWLRQVWUXFWXUHV or normal '',&�WDEOHV.

n An evaluation structure basically contains a list of characteristics and key figures, though these maycome from different physical database tables.

n The name of the evaluation structure must begin with ’ZF’ (for example: ZFMARA).

n Evaluations are created with reference to evaluation structures. The characteristics and key figures ofan evaluation structure are possible rows and columns in your evaluation list.

n Report writer objects are generated at the same time as evaluation structures and evaluations; theyserve as libraries for evaluation structures and reports.

n A list of data that can be modified and interpreted by a variety of functions appears at datapresentation level when you perform an evaluation.

© SAP AG LO816 6-29

SAP AG 2001

)OH[LEOH�$QDO\VLV��6LPSOH�([DPSOH

o � �

9>A�C'<9>A�CO<�p-�.��%'�i q Cq <

m �'+"�� 2K$)�� m Cm <

E;FGH CEGF;H C��-�)�4�%'�i q Cq <r �K�4�s$)� � o +��$��

m �'+"�(� 2�$)�� m Cm <

'DWDSUHVHQWDWLRQ

'DWDSURFXUHPHQW

/RJLFDOGDWD�YLHZ

3K\VLFDOGDWDEDVH

,QIR�VWUXFWXUH

(YDOXDWLRQVWUXFWXUH

(YDOXDWLRQ

6��6��

n For every info structure in the Logistics Information System, there automatically exists an evaluationstructure of the same name in which all key figures and information structures are indexed. You cantherefore easily create evaluations for both standard and self-defined information structures, withoutfirst having to create an evaluation structure.

n The above slide shows how to proceed from the physical database - in this case, an informationstructure - to the data presentation for a simple example. The data in this example does not comefrom different data sources and the evaluation structure will already have been created during thecreation of the info structure.

© SAP AG LO816 6-30

SAP AG 2001

(YDOXDWLRQV��/D\RXW�2SWLRQV

r $)��%'�� &)�� )%�� fut $)��*�� )��q �M��#-

f L��$��(� ��ug��-�)�&2��f L&)� $&�� M�ug��-��&2)��-��&%'�i m �'+"�(� 2�$)�4�� v�� I r �M��s$)�

w � ��)��l%�� x %'�#$�)�'%��

9G�)� ��%'�%�-��4�%'�4�)�#� ��(� %' "�#��.��'L&)��$��#� �� $&%��$)��

9;�� &%'�GyO�'+�� 2M$)�� j��4�u�

�'L��$��#�� (��$&%'�#$.��h��&�� y'�'+�(� 2M$)�� 0��4�u��#��4�

z e�\'{�|5} ~�W^Xi} z [5|^X8|�� Xi[OX8\O] ��] \'V'V6c/�hW6[6|6XJ|p� X8[OX�\'] �T�U'VOWYX�}O] ['W_`&U5Z aObNc5V�Xdv[&VYX4e o �+��$��u%��4��

��2.��i+3 �� %'�� 0��K� �K��-��2)�M�i+j &�� %�� 0��M�,��&�4-Normal displayCompare columns Col. comparisoncharacter./ key fig.Compare columns Col. Comparison keyfig./character.Characteristic for selection only

Column repetitions<

z e�\'{8}O��&�T�U5VOWYX�}O] [OWO}_�`&U5Z a6bNc5V�XdB[&V/X�e

z e�\'{8}O�.��T�UOVOWYXi}O�O[OWO}_'`&U'Z a6bpc5V�X

��/} �Y� �/�6} ��z e^\�{�}5�u��&��.��T�U'VOW�Xi}5�O[OW6}_`&U5Z aObpc5V^X

�.� ��z e�\'{�| ��/} �Y��/�6} �6��/} �Y��/�6} �6�T�U5VOWYX�}O] [OWO}_'`&U'Z aObNc5V�X

n In addition to selecting individual characteristics and key figures, you also have further layoutoptions at your disposal.

n You can modify the position of characters in a list using the evaluation category. This enables you todefine column comparisons of characteristics per key figure, of key figures per characteristic, ordefine a characteristic for selection only. You can define the evaluation category for severalcharacteristics, but only one column comparison is ever possible for a particular characteristic.

n You can take the subsequent list layout into account in the layout control function for checkingpurposes.

n You can use formulas to calculate values for newly-defined key figures from the values of existingkey figures. Their position in the subsequent list can be changed after the formula has been createdusing the key figures function.

n You can define numerous layout parameters, such as line texts, line totals, number and date formatwhen creating the evaluation. However, you can also adapt this parameter when printing the list.

© SAP AG LO816 6-31

SAP AG 2001

([HFXWLQJ�(YDOXDWLRQ��)XQFWLRQDOLW\

f L&)��$�� M�ug��;�� )$.� �� f L&��$&�� g��G� )$)� ��

�h�4��&�s��+0� I�f � 1 )�4�� h-&��&%��i�)�#� �#� %' ��pf.t $.�J*��,��f.k �8A)C

A� I CO?&?@A&= I CO?&?@A&P I CO?&?@

��f.k �8A�<

x %'�#$��'%�� C'��COA�A&� AAA=A�A&� AAACOA�A&� AAACO@�A&� AAA<<�A&� AAA�&A�A&� AAA

�R�4�*)-)� % 1 � �4- &�� &%�� M��%�-)�)� t $��

9>��+3%&��$��

Definition of textsCover pageHeaderFooterFinal pageComments

9v$��,�,��#� �M� � ��L�� o �.%�)�5�M��J�� .� 1 ��g

f�� &�l��&��$�%��,�+�)�K$)�)� ��%��J� %�y��J�&2

Layout parameterLine textsLine totalsNumber and date formatsColumn width....

f ��)�.�#-)�4�� )-&�K� �0L��$��f ��u�#-)�� )-&��0L&��8$��M�&�� M� �k -)�4�� )-&�M� � <AA&� A�AA�G�� I ��M� I C x %'��$�.�5%�� &��

� ��#�J�&�R��-)�4� )-�� jL��$�� 3�)��"�#�J� ��)��

9G'L��q �.�3�.�� J�j� � ��4�%'�i

f)� *&�M��

© SAP AG LO816 6-33

SAP AG 2001

(:6(DUO\�:DUQLQJ

6\VWHP

(:6(DUO\�:DUQLQJ

6\VWHP

w $)��%�-�� .��&2 D 9w $.�4%�-� .��&2 D 9

9G.� �� D 99;�� D 9

D ��L&�.��+D ��L��+�N��#��K�J��J�&2�N��#��J��J��2

IIII�I�I

w � .�� q )��4��%� D 9w � �� q ��&%�� D 9

'LVSOD\VGHILQHG�HPHUJHQF\

VLWXDWLRQV+LJKOLJKWLQJ�RIVSHFLILF�GDWD

(DUO\�:DUQLQJ�6\VWHP��2YHUYLHZ

6[[[6[[[,QIR

VWUXFWXUHV,QIR

VWUXFWXUHV

n The (DUO\�:DUQLQJ�6\VWHP��(:6� allows you to search for H[FHSWLRQDO�VLWXDWLRQV and therebyhelps you to recognize and react to potential problems at an early stage.

n LIS provides the data to be analyzed by the EWS. The EWS can be used in all Logistics InformationSystems.

n The EWS is based on LQIRUPDWLRQ�VWUXFWXUHV. The information updated in the structures can beanalyzed using the EWS. This also applies to data that will be updated by your own programs, forexample, from an external system.

n You can use the EWS to display defined emergency situations and to highlight specific data.

© SAP AG LO816 6-34

SAP AG 2001

(DUO\�:DUQLQJ�6\VWHP��2SWLRQV

Complete list with highlighted exceptionsituations

6\VWHP�GULYHQData review(for example, weekly)

(YHQW�GULYHQreview of PRGLILHGdata (for example, daily)

,QWHUDFWLYH 3HULRGLF�DQDO\VHV

Filter: Only the exceptionsituations are issued

�v�� &�.��&�� +& )� Equip-ment

Total act.costs

Orderscreated

40.00043.00035.000

253831

•

ET-00100466ET-99

�� .��&)� +� )� Equip-ment

Total act.costs

Orderscreated

43.00035.000

38 31

100466ET-99

LISdata

Excep

tion

Excep

tion

)D[0DLO:RUNIORZ

)D[0DLO:RUNIORZ

n You can use the EWS interactively in standard analyses or run it periodically in the background.

n If you use the system interactively, the warning situation will either be highlighted in a differentcolor in standard analyses or filtered in the exception analysis function. This enables you torecognize warning situations at an early stage.

n In the case of periodical analyses, the list of exception data is automatically sent to the desiredrecipient by fax, mail or workflow.

© SAP AG LO816 6-35

SAP AG 2001

3HULRGLF�$QDO\VLV

6\VWHP�GULYHQ��$QDO\VLV�RI�DOO�GDWD��'DWD��IRU�H[DPSOH��ZHHNO\

(YHQW�GULYHQ��$QDO\VLV�RI�GDWD�PRGLILHG��VLQFH�ODVW�UHYLHZ��IRU�H[DPSOH��GDLO\

,QIRUPDWLRQ�E\�:RUNIORZ

,QIRVWUXFWXUHV

,QIRVWUXFWXUHV

(:6(:6

(:6(:6

3HULRGLF$QDO\VLV

6'

00

30

WR�XVHU0DLO )D[

n Planning background jobs in periodic analyses removes the need to use an interactive search functionto look for exception situations. The dataset is systematically searched for exception situations at afrequency determined by you (hourly, daily, weekly or monthly). Should an exception occur, youcan be informed by mail, fax or workflow and so begin subsequent processing.

n Periodic analysis can take place in two ways:

n System-driven: The entire dataset to be selected is checked for exception situations. Use: Monthlyclosing report - gives an overview of exception data.

n Event-driven: Only data that has changed since the last review is read and checked. The exceptiontriggers an HYHQW. You must define this event in the %XVLQHVV�:RUNIORZ, triggering a workflow.Use: Monitoring of current operation over short intervals. You can find further information aboutevents in the online help - %DVLV��%XVLQHVV�0DQDJHPHQW��6$3�%XVLQHVV�:RUNIORZ.

n You should be aware of the following restrictions when executing periodic analyses: Only oneperiodic analysis can be created for each exception. You must therefore decide between a system-driven or event-driven analysis. Although you can create a number of exceptions for an infostructure, you can still only create one event-driven analysis for each info structure.

© SAP AG LO816 6-36

SAP AG 2001

'HILQLQJ�([FHSWLRQV

157157 005005396396

x %�� L��R��) �4��&��.�4�3��&�� +� �� k �� )�)�4� 1 ��#y5�#� � 19G�.�&�,� ��J�r �k �� )�)�4� �M� �#��)$�#�� J� ��

f)� %��*��#� ��ug9B$)� �� t $��)��K*.�4�)%�� )�J��2f�� %��*�#� ��ug�9v$)� �� t $��K*)��)%�� )�J�&2

&KDUDFWHULVWLFVr $)�&%'�!� �� )%��#� ��f�t $)��*�� )��q ��-

f)� %��*�#� �M�ug�p-&��%��(� �� %' f)� %��*��#� ��g�p-�)��%��4�� %'

��-&�)�� %�-�)�4�%'�4�� !� %'

.H\�ILJXUHV

5HTXLUHPHQWVx %'�#$�)�5%�� 0<&A�� AAA

f)� %�)*�#� �M�ug��K� t $)�J�4�� i f)� %��*��#� ��ug)�K� t $.�J��3��i

� ��&�3�� t $)�J��3�)��i

9;�)� ��%��KyO��+j�#� 2�$.��

([FHSWLRQ��

([FHSWLRQ

,QIR�VWUXFWXUH,QIR�VWUXFWXUH6��

n You must perform the following steps when creating an exception:

é Since you must always create an exception with reference to an information structure, you mustconsequently select the characteristics from this info structure. The sequence of the characteristicsdefines the subsequent standard breakdown and the level at which the requirements are checked.

é You also select the key figures from the info structure. You can subsequently define exceptionrequirements for the selected key figures.

é You define subsequent processing in a third step.

é The individual elements of this third step are described in greater detail over the following slides.

© SAP AG LO816 6-37

SAP AG 2001

5HTXLUHPHQWV

7KUHVKROG�YDOXH7KUHVKROG�YDOXH

7UHQG7UHQG

w � )�"¡��%'�!$��'%�.�s*�� w � )�"¡��%'��$��5%�u��*�)�� &�M�

��([FHSWLRQ

��([FHSWLRQ

157157 005005396396

.H\�ILJXUHV

5HODWLRQVKLS and or

5HTXLUHPHQWVActual costs > 20,000Actual costs - positive trend

f)� %��*��#� ��ug)�K� t $.��3��i f�� %��*�#� ��ug��G� t $)�8�� i

� ��#�8��3�� t $)�J�4�&�,��i

9;�� &%��KyO�+0�#� 2M$)��

9>�� &%'�Ky5��+0�#� 2K$)�� 9>�� %��Ky5�'+j�#� 2�$u��

6HOHFWLRQActual costs

3RROOrders createdPlanned costs..................


n You select the decisive key figures for defining an exception situation from the key figures for theinfo structure.

n You can define several requirements for one or more key figures. You can define WKUHH�W\SHV�RIUHTXLUHPHQWV in this case:

n ([DPLQDWLRQ�RI�WKUHVKROG�YDOXHV: The key figure values that either exceed or fall short of a definedthreshold value are identified, for example, value of incoming order > 200,000.

n Examination of trend: Those key figure values that show a specified (for example, negative) trendare identified.

n Planned/actual comparison: The key figures, for which actual values deviate from planned values bymore than a specified percentage (for example, 10%), are identified.

n The different requirements that you have defined can be linked to one another using "and" or "or".

© SAP AG LO816 6-38

SAP AG 2001

&KDUDFWHULVWLFV

�h-��)�� j%�-�)��%��4�� (� %' ��-&�.�� 0%�-��&%��)�� %�

6HOHFWLRQFunctionallocationEquipmentMonth

3RROOrder typeMaintenanceactivity type

��([FHSWLRQ

��([FHSWLRQ

fut $)��*��,��-��%'��(� �#� %ug q ��4�� .��h-&��%�� #� %)g q ��)��

Q�*

EQET-01 ET-20

&KDUDFWHULVWLFVFunctional locationEquipmentMonth

f�� %��*�#� ��ug�h-&)��&%�� #� %� f)� %��*�#� �M�ug��-�.��&%'��)�� #� %�

�p-&�u�� %�-��&%'��(� �� %'

¢

��-��4&%'��)�� #� %£L&��$��

7KH�NH\�ILJXUHV�FKHFNDOZD\V�WDNHV�SODFH�DW�WKHORZHVW�FKDUDFWHULVWLF�OHYHO


n You can select all the characteristics of an info structure when defining the characteristics for anexception.

n In this case, it is important to know that you define the aggregation level at which the exceptioncheck takes place when selecting the characteristics. The key figure check always takes place at thelowest characteristic level.

n You use the sequence of selected characteristics to set the standard drilldown sequence in a standardanalysis that starts with the exception.

n You have the option of only allowing the requirements for certain characteristic values to bechecked. By clicking on the selected characteristic, you display a selection screen where you canspecify the restriction. This is important if you select a large quantity of data in a subsequent analysisbut still want to restrict the checking of requirements to certain characteristic values.

© SAP AG LO816 6-39

SAP AG 2001

6XEVHTXHQW�3URFHVVLQJ

&KDUDFWHULVWLFV .H\�ILJXUHV157157 005005

396396��([FHSWLRQ

��([FHSWLRQ

6WDQGDUG�DQDO\VLVActive for std. analysis

Color in list

f�� %��*�#��ug�9v$)� �� t $��&�K*)��u%�� .�J�&2f.� %��)*�#� ��Mg�9>$)�& �� t $��;*)��)%�� )�8�&2

¢n

3HULRGLF�DQDO\VLVActive for period analysis

Transfer to workflow Send mail

Fax

Form Transfer to distribution list DL name

¢

n During subsequent processing, you determine whether the exception is active for the standard and/orperiodic analysis.

n Moreover, you determine the color in which the exception values that are derived from therequirements should be highlighted in the standard analysis.

n You can also define the type of further processing for the result of a periodic analysis (workflow,mail, distribution list or fax).

© SAP AG LO816 6-41

SAP AG 2001

6$3�%XVLQHVV�,QIRUPDWLRQ�:DUHKRXVH

l 'DWD�:DUHKRXVH�V\VWHP�ZLWK�RSWLPL]HG�VWUXFWXUHV�IRUUHSRUWLQJ�DQG�DQDO\VLV

l 2/$3�HQJLQH�DQG�WRROVl ,QWHJUDWHG�PHWD�GDWD�UHSRVLWRU\l 'DWD�H[WUDFWLRQ�DQG�GDWD�VWDJLQJ�LQ�2/73

¤ Preconfigured support for data sources from R/3 Systems¤ BAPIs for data sources from non-SAP systems

l $XWRPDWHG�'DWD�:DUHKRXVH�PDQDJHPHQWl $GPLQLVWUDWRU�:RUNEHQFK�IRU�FRQWUROOLQJ�DQG�PDQDJLQJ

n In view of the picture we have just painted, SAP has decided to produce its own Data Warehousesolution that aligns the reporting tasks as a stand-alone business component and even assign it aseparate server with its own database and SAP System - the SAP Business Information Warehouse.

n All of the requirements and objectives mentioned above have been met in the conception andarchitecture of the SAP Business Information Warehouse.

n A decisive advantage of the SAP Business Information Warehouse is the fact that all of the businessknow-how from over 25 years of software development in the commercial environment is evident inthe form of a meta data repository in the Business Information Warehouse.

n SAP R/3 Systems can be configured as OLTP systems and supply the SAP Business InformationWarehouse with all of the SAP Business Content in the form of so-called InfoSources.We will be going into these interrelations in greater detail in this course.

© SAP AG LO816 6-42

SAP AG 2001

%XVLQHVV�,QIRUPDWLRQ�:DUHKRXVH�$UFKLWHFWXUH

%XVLQHVV,QIRUPDWLRQ:DUHKRXVH6HUYHU

$GPLQLVWUDWRU:RUNEHQFK

¥~>��¦¥�~G��¦

�UG�SDUW\�2/$3FOLHQW


2/$3�SURFHVVRU2/$3�SURFHVVRU2/$3�SURFHVVRU

6WDJLQJ�(QJLQH6WDJLQJ�(QJLQH6WDJLQJ�(QJLQH

§J¨©�ª.«h¬)&®�¯§�¨©�ª)«�¬)�®¯°£®±�²,³K²±�²´;®�µ&ª�¯)¶ ±4ª�·�¸°R®�±�²l³K²�±4²´K®.µ&ª�¯)¶ ±�ª�·i¸

¹ ³Kº¹ ³Kº

FOLHQW

%XVLQHVV([SORUHU

¥&~G�¦¥~;�¦

n BW uses a multi-level architecture to provide the maximum degree of flexibility.

n BW can extract and use data provided by a variety of sources. These include R/3 and R/2 systems,non-SAP systems, flat files, commercial data providers and even other BW systems.

n The BW server provides all the necessary tools to model, extract, store and access the data. Sincethe description of the data, regardless of source, is contained in a common meta data repository, datafrom a variety of sources can be combined for enhanced analysis possibilities.

n Users of BW can access the data through the SAP-supplied Business Explorer, or use third-partypresentation tools which are certified for use with a common BAPI interface.

© SAP AG LO816 6-43

SAP AG 2001

%XVLQHVV,QIRUPDWLRQ:DUHKRXVH6HUYHU

$GPLQLVWUDWRU:RUNEHQFK

»/¼&½�¾»�¼�½/¾



2/$3�3URFHVVRU2/$3�3URFHVVRU

6WDJLQJ�(QJLQH6WDJLQJ�(QJLQH»�¼�½�¾»�¼�½�¾

§J¨©�ª)«�¬)�®¯§8¨©�ª)«�¬)�®�¯°¿®�±�²À³M²�±�²´;®�µ&ª�¯.¶ ±4ª�·i¸°R®�±�²À³M²�±�²´G®)µ&ª�¯)¶ ±�ª�·i¸

¹ ³Kº¹ ³Mº

FOLHQW

%XVLQHVV([SORUHU

'DWD�H[WUDFWLRQ��WUDQVIRUPDWLRQã ,QIRUPDWLFDã (7,ã 3ULVP�6ROXWLRQVã 76,o ,QIRUPDWLRQ�%XLOGHUVo 6\VWHPIDEULNo &DUOHWRQo RWKHUV

'DWD�H[WUDFWLRQ��WUDQVIRUPDWLRQã ,QIRUPDWLFDã (7,ã 3ULVP�6ROXWLRQVã 76,o ,QIRUPDWLRQ�%XLOGHUVo 6\VWHPIDEULNo &DUOHWRQo RWKHUV

'DWD�3URYLGHU♦ $&�1LHOVHQ��86$�♦ 'XQ��%UDGVWUHHW♦ RWKHU�SURMHFW�

VSHFLILF

'DWD�3URYLGHU♦ $&�1LHOVHQ��86$�♦ 'XQ��%UDGVWUHHW♦ RWKHU�SURMHFW�

VSHFLILF

)URQWHQGã %XVLQHVV�2EMHFWVã $UFSODQã &RJQRVã 6HDJDWH�6RIWZDUHo %ULRo RWKHUV

)URQWHQGã %XVLQHVV�2EMHFWVã $UFSODQã &RJQRVã 6HDJDWH�6RIWZDUHo %ULRo RWKHUV

��cYÁÂ Ã#Ä!Å ÆJÇ È�Ç Ä#ÉÊ Ç ËMÌÍÅ�ÄÍÌ(Î!Å Î�Æ Ç Ï�Ë��c�ÁÂ Ã(Ä!Å Æ�Ç ÈJÇ Ä(ÉÊ Ç ËMÌÍÅ Ä!Ì!ÎÍÅ Î#Æ�Ç Ï/Ë

%:�6WUDWHJ\��$Q�2SHQ�6\VWHP

n BW uses an open architecture, allowing the use of third party data extraction tools, reporting toolsand even third-party sources of data. These tools must pass complete certification testing before theyare approved for use with BW.

© SAP AG LO816 6-44

SAP AG 2001

´MÐ8Ñ ¹�ÒÓKÔ Õ µ)µ)Ö�¶ ×²±�¶ ª�¨�¯´�Ð8Ñ ¹RÒÓ;Ô3Õ µ)µ)Ö�¶ ×�²�±#¶ ªK¨¯

¹�Ò&ÓKÔ´K®.µ&ª�·�±#¶J¨&Ø¹"ÒÓKÔ

´;®)µ&ªM·�±�¶�¨&ØÔ ·�ª)ÙK¬&×'±#¶ ªM¨,³G²±�²Ú)Û&±�·�²�×±4ª�·

Ô ·4ª.Ù�¬&×�±�¶�ª�¨,³;²�±�²Ú)Û�±#·�²&×�±4ªM·

%XVLQHVV�,QIRUPDWLRQ:DUHKRXVH�6HUYHU

»/¼&½/¾»�¼�½�¾

%XVLQHVV�([SORUHUÕ ¨�²)Ö ¸&ÜO®)·

Ý4Þ&ª�¯±�®�Ùß�¸,°£ºàÚ�Û�×�®�Ö áÕ ¨�².Ö ¸�ÜO®�·

Ý4Þ�ª�¯±�®�Ùs�¸À°¿ºâÚ�Û�×®)Ö á ã ·4ª&ä£¯�®�·ã ·4ª�ä¿¯�®�·

å>ª�¨l´MÐ8Ñ Ô ·4ª)ÙM¬&×�±(¶ ª�¨l³G²�±�²Ú�Û&±#·�²�×'±#ª�·

å;ªM¨,´MÐ8Ñ Ô ·�ª)Ù�¬&×±�¶ ª�¨À³K²�±�²Ú)Û�±#·�²�×�±4ª�·

å>ª�¨,´KÐ8Ñ ¹�ÒÓKÔ Õ µ.µ)Ö�¶ ×�²±#¶ ª�¨¯å;ª�¨l´MÐ8Ñ ¹RÒÓKÔ Õ µ)µ)Ö�¶ ×�²�±#¶ ª�¨�¯

Ñ�·�Ù�µ�²)·�±�¸ ¹"Ò'Õ�Ô ×�Ö�¶ ®�¨±Ñ)·4Ù�µ&²�·�±�¸ ¹�Ò'Õ�Ô ×�Ö�¶ ®)¨±

§J¨©�ª.«h¬)&®¯§�¨©�ª)«�¬)�®�¯

¹ µ&®�·�²±�¶ ª�¨�².Ö³G²±�²0º�±#ª�·�®¹ µ�®)·�²�±#¶ ªM¨�²)Ö³;²�±�²jº�±4ªK·�®

Ñ�·4Ùsµ�².·�±8¸ ¹�Ò'ÕRÔ ×�Ö�¶ ®�¨±Ñ�·�Ù�µ&²)·i±�¸ ¹RÒ'Õ�Ô ×)Ö�¶ ®�¨±Ñ�·�Ùßµ�²)·�±�¸ ¹"Ò'ÕRÔ ×�Ö�¶ ®)¨±�¯Ñ�·�Ùsµ&²�·�±�¸ ¹�Ò'Õ�Ô ×�Ö�¶ ®�¨±i¯

°£®�±�²l³K²�±4² °£²�¨�²&Ø)®�·°£®±�²,³G²�±�²3°R²�¨�²�Ø�®�·

ºK±�²�ØM¶�¨&Ø�ÚG¨&ØM¶�¨�®ºG±�²�Ø�¶J¨�Ø�ÚK¨�Ø�¶�¨�®

$GPLQLVWUDWRU:RUNEHQFKÕ ÙuæÀ¶�¨.¶ ¯±#·�²�±�¶ ª�¨Õ Ù.æ�¶�¨)¶ ¯�±�·4²±�¶ ª�¨

º>×�Þ�®&Ù�¬)Ö�¶J¨�Øº>×�Þ�®�Ù�¬)Ö�¶�¨&Ø

°�ª�¨)¶ ±4ªM·°Rª�¨)¶ ±#ª�·

¹"Ò'ÕRÔßÔ ·4ª)×�®�¯¯&ªM·¹�Ò�Õ£ÔßÔ ·4ª.×�®¯¯�ª�·°R®�±�²,³G²�±�²´;®)µ&ª�¯)¶ ±4ª�·�¸°£®�±�²l³K²�±4²´;®)µ&ª�¯.¶ ±4ª�·i¸

§J¨�©�ª)«�²�±�²�Ö ª.Ø§J¨©�ª.«v²�±�²)Ö ª)Ø

¹�Ò Úuç�³ ã ©4ª�· ¹�ÒÕ¿ÔßÔ ·4ª&è�¶ Ù�®�·¹0Ò Úuç�³ ã ©�ª�· ¹"Ò'Õ£Ô�Ô ·�ª&è.¶ Ù�®.·é�ê�ëé)ê^ë

³;²�±�²,°¿²�¨�²&Ø�®�·³G²�±�²,°�²)¨&²�Ø�®�·³;²�±�²,°¿²�¨�²&Ø�®�·³G²�±�²,°�²)¨&²�Ø�®�·

ºK±�²�ØM¶�¨&Ø�ÚG¨&ØM¶�¨�®ºG±�²�Ø�¶J¨�Ø�ÚK¨�Ø�¶�¨�®

%:�$UFKLWHFWXUH�'HWDLOV

n This graphic provides a more detailed view of the BW architecture.

n For R/3 source systems, SAP provides a range of production data extractor programs to simplify thetask of using R/3 data.

n For non-R/3 systems, the customer can either develop their own extractor programs, or use one ofthe certified third-party tools available.

n On the BW server, data is stored in one or more InfoCubes. Additionally, the operational data store,or ODS, can be used to store the raw incoming data. The InfoCatalog serves as a repository forquery results.

n The Business Explorer consists of two tools; the Business Explorer Analyzer that is used to createand run queries, and the Business Explorer Browser that is used to retrieve existing reports from theInfoCatalog.

© SAP AG LO816 6-45

SAP AG 2001

%:�DQG�/,6��/LPLWDWLRQV

7RRO %XVLQHVV�&RQWHQW�IRU�30�&6�

•�7KH�/,6�LV�QRW�EHLQJ��GHYHORSHG�IXUWKHU�DV�D�WRRO��DQG�LV�LQIHULRU�WR�%:•�7KH�/,6�FRQWDLQV�FXUUHQW�GDWD��DQG�WUDQVDFWLRQ�GDWD

•�%:�LV�VWLOO��LQIHULRU�WR�WKH�/,6��1R�WHFKQLFDO��NH\�ILJXUHV��07%)�0775��1R�RSWLRQ�WR�UHSUHVHQW��IOH[LEOH�FRVW��VWUXFWXUH•�&URVV�DSSOLFDWLRQ�HYDOXDWLRQV��DUH�HDVLHU�WR�SHUIRUP�LQ�%:��EXW�QRW�\HW�LPSOHPHQWHG•�%:�KDV�D�VWUDWHJLF��VWDWXV�LQ�WKH�ZRUNSODFH�

© SAP AG LO816 6-46

SAP AG 2001

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP��8QLW6XPPDU\

<RX�DUH�QRZ�DEOH�WR�l 'HVFULEH�GDWD�ZDUHKRXVH�FRQFHSWVl 3HUIRUP�VWDQGDUG�DQDO\VHVl &UHDWH�\RXU�RZQ�NH\�ILJXUHV�DQG�LQIRUPDWLRQ

VWUXFWXUHVl 8VH�IXQFWLRQV�IURP�WKH�(DUO\�:DUQLQJ�6\VWHPl 'HILQH�DQG�SHUIRUP�IOH[LEOH�DQDO\VHVl 3RVLWLRQLQJ�RI�/,6�DQG�%:

© SAP AG LO816 6-47

([HUFLVHV

8QLW� 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP7RSLF� 30,6�DQG�/,6��%DVLFV


• Use standard analyses

At IDES, the standard analyses performed in the system shouldbe performed for cost and damage analyses.

([HUFLVHV��WR��DUH�RSWLRQDO

6-1-1 Performing a Standard Analysis

Perform a cost analysis for order types PM01 and PM02 for the year 1999.

How do you proceed?

Adjust the display of the characteristic so that the key and description are displayed.Change the column width for the characteristic so that the key and description canbe read clearly.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

6-1-2 Display the key figure 2UGHUV�FUHDWHG as a time axis graphic.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 6-48

6-1-3 Show the key figures 7RWDO�SODQQHG�FRVWV and 7RWDO�DFWXDO�FRVWV in this analysis.Hide the key figure 7RWDO�HVWLPDWHG�FRVWV.Save these settings as your user settings.

How do you proceed?

Perform a comparison between the key figures for 7RWDO�SODQQHG�FRVWV and 7RWDODFWXDO�FRVWV.How can the key figures be switched on?

How do you proceed for the comparison?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

6-1-4 Change the drilldown to 0RQWK.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Call up the time axis graphic for the key figures 7RWDO�SODQQHG�FRVWV and�7RWDODFWXDO�FRVWV. How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

Send the time axis graphic to your neighbor by express mail.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 6-49

8QLW� 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP7RSLF� (QKDQFHPHQW�2SWLRQV


• Create a new info structure

• Create your own key figure

The standard analyses pre-defined in the system are not sufficientfor certain evaluations. For example, it should be possible tomake evaluations concerning the number of hours worked byinternal workshops over a specific period of time.

6-2-1 What steps are necessary for the creation of a new information structure?

Follow the steps through in Customizing (display only).

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

6-2-2 If a characteristic (or a key figure) is to be used that is not in the current fieldcatalog, what additional steps do you need to perform?


_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 6-50

6-2-3 The maintenance manager wants to evaluate the number the hours worked byinternal workshops.

To do this, a new key figure for 1R��KRXUV��LQWHUQDO�SURFHVVLQJ must be created.

Note the sequence of steps required to create this new key figure.

What steps are required?


_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

6-2-4 What steps do you need to perform to make the new key figure available in the newinformation structure?


_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 6-51

8QLW� 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP7RSLF� )OH[LEOH�$QDO\VHV


• Perform flexible analysis

The use of flexible analyses at IDES provides added options forevaluations, for example, using formulas to link different keyfigures together and thereby create “new” key figures.

6-3-1 Defining Flexible Analyses

Create a new evaluation A## for info structure S061 with the following values:

&KDUDFWHULVWLFV .H\�ILJXUHVPlanning plant Total costs (actual)

Planner group Total costs (planned)

Month Percentage deviation of planned andactual costs (as formula)

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 6-52

6-3-2 Performing Flexible Analyses

Perform your evaluation A## for planning plant 1000, the current month andplanner groups I00 - I20.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 6-53

8QLW� 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP7RSLF� (DUO\�:DUQLQJ�6\VWHP


• Create an exception

• Schedule an exception

If the costs for maintenance work in a given plant reach aspecified limit, then the manager should be informedautomatically.

6-4-1 The manager wants to be warned automatically if the actual costs in maintenanceplant 1000 exceed a limit of 5,000,000 UNI.

Note the sequence of steps required to create an exception.

List the individual steps?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

6-4-2 Create an exception for info structure S601, whereby a mail should be sentautomatically to your user LO816-## if the afore-mentioned limit is reached.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 6-54

6-4-3 Create a periodic analysis for your exception EX##.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

6-4-4 Schedule your periodic analysis so that the first check takes place after 10 minutes.The analysis should be performed daily.

How do you proceed?

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

_____________________________________________________________

© SAP AG LO816 6-55

6ROXWLRQV

8QLW� 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP7RSLF�� 30,6�DQG�/,6��%DVLFV

6-1-1 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP6WDQGDUG�$QDO\VHV�→�&RVW�$QDO\VLV- Use ‘Multiple selection’ button for order type;

enter PM01 and PM02 as ‘single value selection’;Copy

- Enter 01.1999 to 12,1999 as analysis period

Perform cost analysis

Set characteristic:

6HWWLQJV�→�&KDUDFWHULVWLF�→�.H\�DQG�'HVFULSWLRQand

6HWWLQJV�→�&ROXPQ�ZLGWK�→�&KDUDFWHULVWLFFor example, column width 30

6-1-2 Position cursor on key figure ‘Orders created’

9LHZ�→�7LPH�D[LV

6-1-3 (GLW�→�&KRRVH�NH\�ILJXUHVSelect the key figures 7RWDO�SODQQHG�FRVWV and 7RWDO�DFWXDO�FRVWV and copy them tothe active area; move the key figure (VWLPDWHG�WRWDO�FRVWV to the inactive area.

Save the user settings:

6HWWLQJV�→�6DYH�VHWWLQJV��Key figure comparison:

Position cursor on key figure 7RWDO�SODQQHG�FRVWV(GLW�→�&RPSDULVRQV�→�7ZR�NH\�ILJXUHVChoose 7RWDO�DFWXDO�FRVWVContinue

© SAP AG LO816 6-56

6-1-4 &KDQJH�GULOOGRZQ��0RQWK button

*RWR�→�7LPH�D[LV�JUDSKLFChoose 7RWDO�SODQQHG�FRVWV and 7RWDO�DFWXDO�FRVWVContinue

*UDSKLFV�→�6HQGEnter receiver LO816-## and activate checkbox for express mail;

Choose 6HQG symbol

© SAP AG LO816 6-57

8QLW� 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP7RSLF� (QKDQFHPHQW�2SWLRQV

6-2-1 Sequence of steps:

1. Create a new self-defined info structure

2. Link characteristics and key figures from available field catalogs

3. Generate info structure

4. Generate and activate update for info structure

5. If necessary, rebuild info structure (load available data)

Paths and execution – see section 6-2-4

6-2-2 If the characteristic/key figure that you want is available in a communicationsstructure, you must create a new field catalog that makes reference to thecommunication structure.

If the characteristic/key figure you want is not available in a communicationsstructure, you must newly create it (see following section).


1. Define data element (templates DCUSTCOSTS and DCUSTHOURS)

2. Enhance communication structure (MCIPMCOUSR)

3. Define field catalog (with new key figure)

4. Enter your own key figure in PM Customizing

5. Assign a value category to the key figure in PM Customizing

Execution:

6$3�PHQX�→�7RROV�→�$%$3�:RUNEHQFK�→�'HYHORSPHQW�→�$%$3�'LFWLRQDU\�� Data type (data element): Enter DCUSTHOURS and copy

�� Database table: Change 0&,30&2865. Then choose $SSHQG�VWUXFWXUH or create a new append structure (if applicable). Double click on the data element and enter reference field MCIPM SUNIT

© SAP AG LO816 6-58

�� Field catalog in Customizing:

SAP menu → Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Edit Project


/RJLVWLFV��*HQHUDO�→�/RJLVWLFV�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP��/,6��→�/RJLVWLFV�'DWD:DUHKRXVH�→�'DWD�%DVLV�→�)LHOG�&DWDORJV�→�0DLQWDLQ�6HOI�'HILQHG�)LHOG&DWDORJVYou can see the new data element in the right hand column (source table) under1RWLILFDWLRQ�LWHP

�� 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHPV�IRU�3ODQW0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�&XVWRPHU�6SHFLILF�.H\�)LJXUHV�→'HILQLWLRQ�RI�&XVWRPHU�6SHFLILF�.H\�)LJXUHV

�� 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHPV�IRU�3ODQW0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�&XVWRPHU�6SHFLILF�.H\�)LJXUHV�→9DOXH�&DWHJRULHV�DQG�RU�$FFRXQWLQJ�,QGLFDWRUV�IRU�,QWHUQDO�.H\�)LJXUHV


6. Create a new info structure

(with characteristics and key figures from existing field catalogs)

7. Generate info structure

8. Define update rules:

Copy the formula template for quantity key figures to create the formula.Define update rules (with reference to the formula), generate and activate theupdate.

9. Rebuild info structure

10. Copy created version to active version

© SAP AG LO816 6-59

Execution:

Access Customizing using:

6$3�PHQX�→�7RROV�→�$FFHOHUDWHG6$3�→�&XVWRPL]LQJ�→�(GLW�3URMHFW6$3�5HIHUHQFH�,0* button

then

�� /RJLVWLFV��*HQHUDO�→�/RJLVWLFV�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP�→�/RJLVWLFV�'DWD:DUHKRXVH�→�'DWD�%DVLV�→�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6WUXFWXUHV�→�0DLQWDLQ�6HOI�'HILQHG�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6WUXFWXUHV- For example, S666, enter description, application 07, type of IS standard

- Button &KRRVH�FKDUDFWHULVWLFV > Choose characteristics (for example, fieldcatalog for order header - characteristics)

- Button &KRRVH�NH\�ILJXUHV > Choose key figures (for example, field catalogfor order header - key figures)

�� Choose *HQHUDWH symbol >> answer query about development class with /RFDOREMHFW button

- >> Info structure is created

�� /RJLVWLFV��*HQHUDO�→�/RJLVWLFV�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP�→�/RJLVWLFV�'DWD:DUHKRXVH�→�8SGDWLQJ�→�8SGDWLQJ�'HILQLWLRQ�→�6SHFLILF�'HILQLWLRQ�8VLQJ8SGDWH�5XOHV�→�0DLQWDLQ�)RUPXODVDouble click on 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH, click on 5RXWLQH�QXPEHU 2, and enter yourkey figure

/RJLVWLFV��*HQHUDO�→�/RJLVWLFV�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP�→�/RJLVWLFV�'DWD:DUHKRXVH�→�8SGDWLQJ�→�8SGDWLQJ�'HILQLWLRQ�→�6SHFLILF�'HILQLWLRQ�8VLQJ8SGDWH�5XOHV�→�0DLQWDLQ�8SGDWH�5XOHV- Info structure S666, Update group 26

- Choose Generate symbol, then $FWLYDWH�XSGDWH button

- Position cursor on line containing info structure S666, and call up detailscreen

- >> Period - month, activate asynchronous update (2)

- Confirm and save

�� /RJLVWLFV��*HQHUDO�→�/RJLVWLFV�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP�→�/RJLVWLFV�'DWD:DUHKRXVH�→�'DWD�%DVLV�→�7RROV�→�6HWXS�RI�6WDWLVWLFDO�'DWD�→$SSOLFDWLRQ�6SHFLILF�6HWXS�RI�6WDWLVWLFDO�'DWD�→�3HUIRUP�6HWXS��3ODQW0DLQWHQDQFH- Select 6HWXS��3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH ,6 line

- Enter info structure S666; save under version &(

© SAP AG LO816 6-60

�� Press F3 to go back one step and select line 6HWXS��&RS\�'HOHWH�9HUVLRQV.- Enter info structure S666 and choose &RS\�YHUVLRQV button

6RXUFH�LQIR�VWUXFWXUH��6��6RXUFH�YHUVLRQ��7DUJHW�LQIR�VWUXFWXUH��6��7DUJHW�YHUVLRQ��

- Execute >> a dialog box appears: [ records converted

An analysis can be performed with the new info structure under the followingpath:

SAP menu → Logistics → Plant Maintenance → Information System →Standard Analyses → User-Defined Analysis

© SAP AG LO816 6-61

8QLW� 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP7RSLF� )OH[LEOH�$QDO\VHV

6-3-1 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP�→�)OH[LEOH$QDO\VHV�→�(YDOXDWLRQ�→�&UHDWH&KDUDFWHULVWLFV button > Choose characteristics

.H\�ILJXUHV button > Choose key figures

Position cursor on 7RWDO�SODQQHG�FRVWV key figure and choose button ,QVHUW�)RUPXODEnter name 9DULDQFH��Enter an open round bracket in entry line;

then double-click on 7RWDO�DFWXDO�FRVWV key figure; enter minus symbol; thendouble-click on 7RWDO�SODQQHG�FRVWV key figure; enter a closed round bracket

then a forwards slash; double-click on 7RWDO�SODQQHG�FRVWV key figure;

enter * 100;

confirm

6-3-2 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP�→�)OH[LEOH$QDO\VHV�→�(YDOXDWLRQ�→�([HFXWHEvaluation structure: S061

Evaluation: A##

Execute

© SAP AG LO816 6-62

8QLW� 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP7RSLF� (DUO\�:DUQLQJ�6\VWHP


1. Create an exception

2. Create a periodic analysis

3. Schedule a periodic analysis

6-4-2 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP�→�(DUO\:DUQLQJ�6\VWHP�→�([FHSWLRQ�→�&UHDWH- Enter EX##, description and info structure S061

- Button &KRRVH�FKDUDFWHULVWLFV, select 0DLQWHQDQFH�SODQW characteristic and copy

- Position cursor on 0DLQWHQDQFH�SODQW characteristic and &KDUDFWHULVWLF�YDOXHVbutton > Enter value 1000

- &RQGLWLRQV button, enter currency UNI

- Button &KRRVH�NH\�ILJXUHV, select 7RWDO�DFWXDO�FRVWV key figure and copy

- Position cursor on 7RWDO�DFWXDO�FRVWV and button 'HILQH�FRQGLWLRQ- >> Activate threshold analysis, confirm and enter condition > 1,000,000

- )ROORZ�RQ�SURFHVVLQJ button, set value for &RORU�LQ�OLVW to 3 in standard analysis

- For the periodic analysis, activate $FWLYH�IRU�SHULRGLF�DQDO\VLV and 6HQG�PDLO;enter LO816-## as address

- Save exception

6-4-3 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP�→�(DUO\:DUQLQJ�6\VWHP�→�3HULRGLF�$QDO\VLV�→�$UHD�WR�$QDO\]H�→�&UHDWHEnter exception EX##, activate 6\VWHP�GULYHQ, button &UHDWHEnter and create variant name VAR##; confirm next screen; the required values(maintenance plant 1000, exception EX## and currency UNI) are already proposed;continue with F3; enter a description for the variant; save and go back using F3

© SAP AG LO816 6-63

6-4-4 6$3�PHQX�→�/RJLVWLFV�→�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�→�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHP�→�(DUO\:DUQLQJ�6\VWHP�→�3HULRGLF�$QDO\VLV�→�'LVSDWFKEnter exception EX## and button 'LVSDWFK'DWH�WLPH button, enter current date and time + 10 minutes; activate 5HIUHVKSHULRGLFDOO\; 3HULRG�YDOXHV button > daily;

save;

Check the status of actual costs by executing location analysis manually and, ifnecessary, create an order that exceeds the limit value accordingly.


&XVWRPL]LQJ�3DWKV��2UGHU�&RQWUROOLQJ�DQG�5HSRUWLQJ

Access to Customizing:

SAP menu → Tools → AcceleratedSAP → Customizing → Edit Project


)LHOG�1DPH�RU�'DWD�7\SH 9DOXHVSettlement profile for order type 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→

0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU�2UGHU�7\SHV�→&RQILJXUH�2UGHU�7\SHV

Maintain settlement profile 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→%DVLF�6HWWLQJV�→�*HQHUDO�2UGHU�6HWWOHPHQW→�0DLQWDLQ�6HWWOHPHQW�3URILOHV

Settlement Rule for Sub-Orders 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU�2UGHU�7\SHV�→6HWWOHPHQW�5XOH��'HILQH�7LPH�DQG'LVWULEXWLRQ�5XOH

Indicate order types for investmentmeasures

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU�2UGHU�7\SHV�→2UGHU�7\SHV�DQG�,QYHVWPHQW�0DQDJHPHQW�→,QGLFDWH�2UGHU�7\SHV�IRU�,QYHVWPHQW0HDVXUHV

Valuation variant 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU�2UGHU�7\SHV�→&RVWLQJ�'DWD�IRU�0DLQWHQDQFH�2UGHUV�→'HILQH�9DOXDWLRQ�9DULDQWV

Budget – rules for availability check &RQWUROOLQJ�→�,QWHUQDO�2UGHUV�→�%XGJHWLQJDQG�$YDLODELOLW\�&RQWURO�→�'HILQH�7ROHUDQFH/LPLWV�IRU�$YDLODELOLW\�&RQWURO

Define budget profile &RQWUROOLQJ�→�,QWHUQDO�2UGHUV�→�%XGJHWLQJDQG�$YDLODELOLW\�&RQWURO�→�0DLQWDLQ�%XGJHW3URILOH�!!�&KRRVH�³%XGJHW�3URILOH�IRU�&22UGHUV´


Assign budget profile to order type 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU�2UGHU�7\SHV�→&RQILJXUH�2UGHU�7\SHV

Definition of customer-specific key figures 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHPV�IRU�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFHDQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�&XVWRPHU�6SHFLILF.H\�)LJXUHV�→�'HILQLWLRQ�RI�&XVWRPHU�6SHFLILF�.H\�)LJXUHV

Definition of value categories 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→%DVLF�6HWWLQJV�→�6HWWLQJV�IRU�'LVSOD\�RI�&RVWV→�0DLQWDLQ�9DOXH�&DWHJRULHV

Create field catalog /RJLVWLFV��*HQHUDO�→�/RJLVWLFV�,QIRUPDWLRQ6\VWHP��/,6��→�/RJLVWLFV�'DWD�:DUHKRXVH�→'DWD�%DVLV�→�)LHOG�&DWDORJV�→�0DLQWDLQ6HOI�'HILQHG�)LHOG�&DWDORJV

Define update rules /RJLVWLFV��*HQHUDO�→�/RJLVWLFV�,QIRUPDWLRQ6\VWHP��/,6��→�/RJLVWLFV�'DWD�:DUHKRXVH�→8SGDWLQJ�→�8SGDWLQJ�'HILQLWLRQ�→�6SHFLILF'HILQLWLRQ�8VLQJ�8SGDWH�5XOHV�→�0DLQWDLQ8SGDWH�5XOHV

Create information structure /RJLVWLFV��*HQHUDO�→�/RJLVWLFV�,QIRUPDWLRQ6\VWHP��/,6��→�/RJLVWLFV�'DWD�:DUHKRXVH�→'DWD�%DVLV�→�,QIRUPDWLRQ�6WUXFWXUHV�→0DLQWDLQ�6HOI�'HILQHG�,QIRUPDWLRQ6WUXFWXUHV

Define investment profile 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU�2UGHU�7\SHV�→2UGHU�7\SHV�DQG�,QYHVWPHQW�0DQDJHPHQW�→'HILQH�,QYHVWPHQW�3URILOHV

Costing sheet 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU�2UGHU�7\SHV�→&RVWLQJ�'DWD�IRU�0DLQWHQDQFH�2UGHUV�→0DLQWDLQ�&RVWLQJ�6KHHW

Costing variant 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU�2UGHU�7\SHV�→&RVWLQJ�'DWD�IRU�0DLQWHQDQFH�2UGHUV�→0DLQWDLQ�&RVWLQJ�9DULDQWV


Cost profile 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→�%DVLF6HWWLQJV�→�6HWWLQJV�IRU�'LVSOD\�RI�&RVWV�→'HILQH�'HIDXOW�9DOXHV�IRU�9DOXH�&DWHJRULHV

Cost estimate version 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→�%DVLF6HWWLQJV�→�6HWWLQJV�IRU�'LVSOD\�RI�&RVWV�→'HILQH�9HUVLRQ�IRU�&RVW�(VWLPDWHV�IRU�2UGHUV

PMIS set-up /RJLVWLFV��*HQHUDO�→�/RJLVWLFV�,QIRUPDWLRQ6\VWHP��/,6��→�/RJLVWLFV�'DWD�:DUHKRXVH�→'DWD�%DVLV�→�7RROV�→�6HWXS�RI�6WDWLVWLFDO'DWD�→�$SSOLFDWLRQ�6SHFLILF�6HWXS�RI6WDWLVWLFDO�'DWD�→�3HUIRUP�6HWXS��3ODQW0DLQWHQDQFH

Commitments management for order type 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU�2UGHU�7\SHV�→&RQILJXUH�2UGHU�7\SHV

Define transfer of project number 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU�2UGHU�7\SHV�→'HILQH�7UDQVIHU�RI�3URMHFW�RU�,QYHVWPHQW3URJUDP

Define transfer of investment program 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU�2UGHU�7\SHV�→'HILQH�7UDQVIHU�RI�3URMHFW�RU�,QYHVWPHQW3URJUDP

Currency for maintenance statistics 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHPV�IRU�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFHDQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�'HILQH�&XUUHQF\�IRU0DLQWHQDQFH�6WDWLVWLFV

Time for maintenance of settlement rule 3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU�2UGHU�7\SHV�→6HWWOHPHQW�5XOH��'HILQH�7LPH�DQG'LVWULEXWLRQ�5XOH


Assignment of IM assignment key to ordertype

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�2UGHUV�→)XQFWLRQV�DQG�6HWWLQJV�IRU�2UGHU�7\SHV�→$VVLJQ�,0�$VVLJQPHQW�.H\�WR�2UGHU�7\SHV

Assignment of cost elements to valuecategories

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�6HUYLFH�3URFHVVLQJ�→%DVLF�6HWWLQJV�→�6HWWLQJV�IRU�'LVSOD\�RI�&RVWV→�$VVLJQ�&RVW�(OHPHQWV�WR�9DOXH�&DWHJRULHV

Assignment of value categories to cost keyfigures

3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFH�DQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→,QIRUPDWLRQ�6\VWHPV�IRU�3ODQW�0DLQWHQDQFHDQG�&XVWRPHU�6HUYLFH�→�$VVLJQ�9DOXH&DWHJRULHV�WR�0DLQWHQDQFH�&RVW�.H\�)LJXUHV

PLM 316.pdf

Documents

Transcript of PLM 316.pdf