Please do the following• Take your seat right away!

• Open up your unipac to page 9.

• Turn off all electronic devices.

• Be ready to get started. I need all of the time today.

Thanks!!!!

World War IU.S. Involvement

1917-1919

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbggEGUaE28&feature=player_detailpage

I. Reasons to go to War in Europe:

Why go to war?• The U.S. doesn’t really have an issue

with anyone……at least at the start of the war.

• The U.S. tends to side with Great Britain and France due to past alliances.

• Great Britain works hard to gain American support.

• U.S. business and banks are providing economic support in the forms of goods and loans.

Drawn into the fight• Sinking of the Lusitania.

• Zimmerman Telegraph.

• Public pressure.• Protect business

interests - capitalism.

Wilson asks for war.....

• Reluctant at first.”The world must be made safe for democracy…”

• April 2,1917 he asks Congress for a declaration of war.

• April 6, 1917 Congress gives approval for war.

Some are already at war.• American Volunteer Corps.• French Foreign Legion• Canadian Forces

II. American War Intervention and Strategy – John J. Pershing

“Lafayette, we are here.”

-J. Pershing.

Pershing Appointed by Wilson

• 1916 John J. Pershing is appointed by Wilson to lead the American Expeditionary Force (AEF).

• Pershing is the only qualified candidate

• America only has 370,000 trained and ready troops in April of 1917.

Strategy for success?• Pershing stalls from June

1917 – October 1917.

• Will not commit doughboys to the French war effort.

• Needs time for trained soldiers to arrive in Europe.

New Recruits

War - A brand new ball game.

• Trench Warfare.

• Machine Gun/Artillery.

• Airplane.

• Chemical Warfare.

Trenches• Stalemate – when neither

side in a conflict can win.

• Impossible to gain ground.

• Dig in and hold out.

• What to do with the bodies?

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Little_Willie_d.jpg

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/f6/British_Mark_I_male_tank_Somme_25_September_1916.jpg

Machine Gun and Long Range Artillery

“The Vickers”

Field Artillery

Long Range Artillery

http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bf/ParisGunShellPreparation1918.jpeg

Airplane

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Aerial_view_Loos-Hulluch_trench_system_July_1917.jpg

Chemical Warfare

Soldiers in a blind line.Mustard Gas

Phosgene GasChloride Gas

Armistice is achieved• U.S. stops the advancing Germans in France –

Spring 1918.

• German lines have crumbled by October 1918.

• Armistice signed, and on the “11th hour of the 11th day of the 11th month” – the fighting ends

• U.S. Stats. 126,000 killed / 234,000 wounded

before and after

French Village of Esnes

III. The Home FrontWhat was going on in the States?

Help out now!• Selective Service Act of 1917.

-All men between 21-30 years of age must sign up for military service.

• Conscription had never been required.

• This upset many Americans.

Government Organizes

-Loyalty Acts of 1917 – “ensures common goal.”

-Espionage Act *– punishment for helping the enemy.

-Sedition Act – prohibited speech against the Government – censure mail.

-Trading With the Enemy Act – limited commerce

*later challenged and upheld by the Supreme CourtSchneck v. United States (1919)

“clear and present danger”

Government Organizes (cont)

-War Industries Board (WIB) – Headed by Bernard Baruch (Wall Street Broker)

- Set prices.- Controlled the flow of raw materials.

Committee on Public Information (CPI) – Headed by George Creel (Journalist)

- Sell the war to America.- Distribute posters and pamphlets.

What about John Q. Public?

• Bonds

• Rations

• Daylight Savings

• “Victory Gardens”