Plate Tectonics Tectónica de placa. Tectonic Plates The lithosphere is broken into many large and...

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Plate Tectonics Tectónica de placa

Transcript of Plate Tectonics Tectónica de placa. Tectonic Plates The lithosphere is broken into many large and...

Page 1: Plate Tectonics Tectónica de placa. Tectonic Plates The lithosphere is broken into many large and small slabs of rock called tectonic plates. La litosfera.

Plate Tectonics

Tectónica de placa

Page 2: Plate Tectonics Tectónica de placa. Tectonic Plates The lithosphere is broken into many large and small slabs of rock called tectonic plates. La litosfera.

Tectonic Plates

• The lithosphere is broken into many large and small slabs of rock called tectonic plates.

• La litosfera está rota en muchas losas grandes y pequeñas de placas tectónicas llamadas roca.

Page 3: Plate Tectonics Tectónica de placa. Tectonic Plates The lithosphere is broken into many large and small slabs of rock called tectonic plates. La litosfera.

Tectonic Plates

Page 4: Plate Tectonics Tectónica de placa. Tectonic Plates The lithosphere is broken into many large and small slabs of rock called tectonic plates. La litosfera.

Continental Drift• In 1912 German scientist, Alfred Wegener proposed a

hypothesis known as continental drift. • En científico de 1912 alemanes, Alfred Wegener

propuso una hipótesis conocida como deriva continental.

• According to Wegener’s hypothesis, Earth’s continents were once joined in a single landmass and gradually moved, or drifted, apart.

• Según la hipótesis de Wegener, los continentes de la tierra fueron ensamblados en una sola tierra emergida y movidos gradualmente, o mandilados una vez, aparte.

Page 5: Plate Tectonics Tectónica de placa. Tectonic Plates The lithosphere is broken into many large and small slabs of rock called tectonic plates. La litosfera.

Fossil Evidence

• The fossils of an ancient reptile, Mesosaurus had been discovered in South America and western Africa.

• Los fósiles de un reptil antiguo, Mesosaurus habían sido descubiertos en Suramérica y África occidental.

• Its fossils were not found anywhere else in the world.• Sus fósiles no fueron encontrados en cualquier otro lugar

en el mundo.• This fact could easily be explained if South America and

Africa were once joined.• Este hecho podría ser explicado fácilmente si Suramérica y

África fueron ensambladas una vez.

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Climate Evidence• Greenland today lies near the Arctic Circle and is mostly

covered in ice. Yet fossils of tropical plants can be found on its shores.

• Groenlandia está situada hoy cerca del Círculo Polar Ártico y se cubre sobre todo en hielo. Con todo los fósiles de plantas tropicales se pueden encontrar en sus orillas.

• South Africa today has a warm climate. Yet its rocks were deeply scratched by ice sheets that once covered the area.

• Suráfrica tiene hoy un clima caliente. Con todo sus rocas fueron rasguñadas profundamente por las hojas de hielo que cubrieron una vez el área.

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Geologic Evidence

• The best evidence for continental drift came from the kinds of rocks that make up the continents.

• La mejor evidencia de la deriva continental vino de las clases de rocas que componen los continentes.

• The type of rock found in Brazil matched the rock found in western Africa.

• El tipo de roca encontró en el Brasil emparejó la roca encontrada en África occidental.

Page 8: Plate Tectonics Tectónica de placa. Tectonic Plates The lithosphere is broken into many large and small slabs of rock called tectonic plates. La litosfera.

Pangaea• The continents had once been joined in a huge

supercontinent he called Pangaea.• Los continentes habían sido ensamblados una vez en

un supercontinent enorme que él llamó Pangaea.• This giant continent reached from pole to pole and

was centered over the area where Africa lies today.• Este continente gigante alcanzado de poste al poste y

fue centrado sobre el área donde está situada África hoy.

Page 9: Plate Tectonics Tectónica de placa. Tectonic Plates The lithosphere is broken into many large and small slabs of rock called tectonic plates. La litosfera.

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Page 10: Plate Tectonics Tectónica de placa. Tectonic Plates The lithosphere is broken into many large and small slabs of rock called tectonic plates. La litosfera.

The Theory of Plate Tectonics

• Wegener could not explain how the continents moved.

• Wegener no podría explicar cómo los continentes se movieron.

• In the mid- 1900s, scientists proved that tectonic plates move.

• En los 1900s mid-, los científicos probaron que las placas tectónicas se mueven.

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Seafloor Mapping

• Scientists began mapping the sea floor in detail in the 1950s

• Los científicos comenzaron a trazar el piso de mar detalladamente en los años 50.

• They found huge underwater mountain ranges, called Mid-ocean ridges.

• Encontraron las gamas de montaña subacuáticas enormes, llamadas los cantos de alta mar.

Page 12: Plate Tectonics Tectónica de placa. Tectonic Plates The lithosphere is broken into many large and small slabs of rock called tectonic plates. La litosfera.

Mid-ocean Ridge

• Scientists learned that the ridges form along cracks in the crust.

• Los científicos aprendieron que los cantos forman a lo largo de las grietas en la corteza.

• Molten rock rises through these cracks, cools, and forms new oceanic crust.

• La roca fundida se levanta a través de estas grietas, refresca, y forma la nueva corteza oceánica.

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Seafloor Mapping• Scientists drilled into the sea floor from a specially

equipped vessel called the Glomar Challenger. • Los científicos perforaron en el piso de mar de un

recipiente especialmente equipado llamado Glomar Challenger.

• The rock samples revealed that the youngest rock is closest to the ridge, while the oldest rock is farthest away.

• Las muestras de la roca revelaron que la roca más joven está la más cercana al canto, mientras que la roca más vieja está lo más lejos posible ausente.

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Tectonic Plates• As the sea floor moves, so do the tectonic plates and their

continents.• Como el piso de mar se mueve, haga tan las placas tectónicas y

sus continentes.• At ocean trenches oceanic crust is sinking into the

asthenosphere.• En los fosos de océano la corteza oceánica se está hundiendo

en la astenosfera.• Old crust is being destroyed at the same rate that new crust is

forming.• La corteza vieja se está destruyendo a la misma tarifa que la

nueva corteza está formando.

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Seafloor Spreading