PLASTICS - Kar
Transcript of PLASTICS - Kar
PLASTICS
•THE WORD “PLASTIC” COMES FROM GREEK WORD “PLASTIKOS” THAT MEANS “TO FORM”.
•PLASTIC IS ALSO A POLYMER LIKE THE SYNTHETIC FIBRE.
•PLASTIC IS DEFINED AS A MATERIAL THAT CAN BE HEATED AND MOULDED IN ANY SHAPE AFTER COOLING.
•PLASTIC CAN BE-
RECYCLED,REUSED,COLOURED,MELTED,ROLLED INTO SHEETS OR MADE INTO WIRES.
ARRANGEMENT OF UNITS IN PLASTICS
• (a) LINEAR ARRANGEMENT OF UNITS IN PLASTICS
• (b) CROSS-LINKED ARRANGEMENTS OF UNITS IN PLASTICS
THERMOPLASTICS
• PLASTIC WHICH GETS DEFORMED EASILY ON HEATING AND CAN BE BENT EASILY ARE KNOWN AS THERMOPLASTICS.
• EXAMPLES-POLYTHENE AND PVC
• THESE ARE USED FOR MANUFACTURING TOYS,COMBS AND VARIOUS TYPES OF CONTAINERS.
ARTICLES MADE OF THERMOPLASTICS
THERMOSETTING PLASTICS
• PLASTICS WHICH WHEN MOULDED ONCE,CAN NOT BE SOFTENED BY HEATING ARE CALLED THERMOSETTING PLASTICS.
• EXAMPLES-BAKELITE AND MELAMINE
• BAKELITE IS USED FOR MAKING ELECTRICAL SWITCHES,HANDLES OF VARIOUS UTENSILS ETC.
• MELAMINE IS USED FOR MAKING FLOOR TILES ,KITCHENWARE AND FABRICS WHICH RESIST FIRE.
ARTICLES MADE OF THERMOSETTING PLASTICS
USEFUL PROPERTIES OF PLASTICS
• CHEMICALLY UNREACTIVE
• POOR CONDUCTORS OF HEAT AND ELECTRICITY
• MOULDED INTO DIFFERENT SHAPES
• QUITE CHEAP AND EASILY MADE
• LIGHT, STRONG AND DURABLE
PLASTICS AND ENVIRONMENT
BIODEGRADABLE
• A MATERIAL WHICH GETS DECOMPOSED THROUGH NATURAL PROCESSES,SUCH AS- ACTION BY BACTERIA ,IS CALLED BIODEGRADABLE.
• EXAMPLES: PAPER,COTTON CLOTH,WOOD,WOOLLEN CLOTHES,PEELS OF VEGETABLE AND FRUITS,LEFTOVER FOODSTUFF,ETC
NON-BIODEGRADABLE
• A MATERIAL WHICH IS NOT EASILY DECOMPOSED BY NATURAL PROCESSES IS TERMED NON BIODEGRADABLE.
• EXAMPLE: TIN,ALUMINIUM ,OTHER METAL CANS ,PLASTIC BAGS, ETC.
HARMFUL EFFECTS OF PLASTICS ON THE ENVIRONMENT
• PLASTICS ARE NON-BIODEGRADABLE AND DO NOT DECOMPOSE FOR SEVERAL YEARS.
• WHEN PLASTICS ARE BURNT, TOXIC FUMES ARE RELEASED INTO THE ATMOSPHERE CAUSING POLLUTION.
• THEY HAVE CAUSED MANY HEALTH AND ENVIRONMENTAL HAZARDS.
Harmful effects of plastics
STEPS THAT ARE REQUIRED TO PROTECT ENVIRONMENT
• WE SHOULD NEVER THROW PLASTIC BAGS OR OTHER PLASTIC ARTICLES INTO WATER BODIES,DRAINS OR ROADS.
• WE SHOULD CARRY COTTON OR JUTE BAGS FOR SHOPPING.
• WE SHOULD BUY PRODUCTS WITH LESS PLASTIC PACKAGING.
• WE SHOULD ENCOURAGE THE PEOPLE TO RECYCLE AND REUSE THE PLASTIC.
AS A RESPONSIBLE CITIZEN REMEMBER
THE 5R PRINCIPLE.
•REDUCE •REUSE •RECYCLE •RECOVER •REFUSE
5R
REDUCE
REUSE
RECYCLE RECOVER
REFUSE
REDUCE
• THIS MEANS THAT WE SHOULD USE LESS.
• FOR EXAMPLE-
• SAVE ELECTRICITY BY SWITCHING OFF UNNECESSARY LIGHTS AND FANS.
• SAVE WATER BY REPAIRING LEAKY TAPS.
• DO NOT WASTE FOOD.
REUSE
• REUSING MEANS USING THE SAME THINGS AGAIN AND AGAIN.
• INSTEAD OF THROWING PAPERS,WE CAN REVERSE IT AND USE IT AGAIN.
• PLASTIC BOTTLES CAN BE USED TO STORE ITEMS.
RECYCLE
• THIS MEANS WE SHOULD COLLECT ITEMS LIKE PLASTICS,PAPER,GLASS,METAL AND USE THESE MATERIALS TOMAKE NEW PRODUCTS INSTEAD OF USING NEW PLASTIC OR METALS.
• EXAMPLE-
• WE SHOULD USE THE KIND OF PLASTIC WHICH CAN BE RECYCLED TO MAKE NEW PRODUCTS,LIKE THERMOPLASTICS.
RECOVER
• MEANS CONVERTING WASTE INTO RESOURCES
• WASTE PLASTIC BOTTLES OR CUPS WITHOUT HANDLES CAN BE USED FOR GROWING PLANTS.
REFUSE
• IT IS SIMPLY SAYING NO AND LOOKING INTO REUSABLE ALTERNATIVES.
• REFUSE SINGLE USE PLASTICS LIKE
DISPOSABLE COFFE CUPS,UTENSILS AND STRAWS.
IT WILL HELP YOU TO ELIMINATE A LOT OF WASTE FROM THE VERY BEGINNING.