Plasma Antenna and its applications
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PLASMA ANTENNA
BY, S . SWETHA - 14251A1744 K . VYSHNAVI - 14251A1730
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ANTENNAAntenna is a metallic structure used to propagate EM wave such that maximum intensity is in intended direction.It is an electromagnetic radiator, transducer,
sensor and impedance matching device used in systems such as radio broadcasting ,
broadcast television, radar etc.
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What is ‘PLASMA’?Fourth state of matterPlasma can be defined as a set of
quasi-neutral particles with free electric charge carriers which behave collectively
LIGHTENING NEON LIGHTS
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PLASMA ANTENNA It is a type of radio antenna currently
in development in which plasma is used instead of the metal elements of a traditional antenna.A plasma antenna can be used for both transmission and reception.
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• Plasma antenna technology employs ionized gas enclosed in a tube (or other enclosure) as the conducting element of an antenna
• Plasma antennae can be configured to operate up to 20GHz.
• Plasma allows radio frequency signals to be transmitted or received as ionized gas is an efficient conducting element.
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• If W > Wp. EM wave frequency is greater than plasma frequency (an inherent property of plasma), so wave propagates in plasma and the plasma has dielectric properties which are electrically controllable.
• If W < Wp. The wave is vanishing with the plasma medium. The wave can be absorbed or reflected depending on the collision frequency.
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• The Nyquist formula states that the noise power is proportional to temperature However, the Nyquest formula assumes that the electron collision rate is much higher than the applied frequency.
RKT
• This is not always true in a plasma. If the collision rate is smaller that the applied frequency, the noise in this frequency range is greatly reduced.
Thermal noise in plasma antenna……
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Methods of producing radiations:
There are two methods of producing radiation: m-radiation method
d-radiation method
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Specifications Traditional Antenna Plasma Antenna
Construction Metal Plasma
Power Lower Higher
Efficiency Low High
Weight Higher Lower
Size Large Small
Ringing Effect Yes No
Transmission/Reception Uses RF sinusoidal signals
Uses short pulse during the time of transmission/reception
Noise HigherLower, plasma antenna has low collision rates among its charge carriers.
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Comparision of radiation patterns:
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Block diagram of simple monopole plasma antenna
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Directivity comparision at 1GHz
Gain comparision at 1GHz
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ADVANTAGESInvisible to radarNo ringing effectMore efficientDynamically reconfigurableFast transmissionLow interferenceHigh gainWide bandwidthResistant to electronic warfare
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DISADVANTAGESComplex DesignMore power consumptionAlways stable and repeatable
plasma volumes are requiredCost required for ionising plasma
is moreMaintenance to repair or replace
the unit components will be high
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APPLICATIONSRadio and television broadcastingSpace communicationsMilitary applicationsFaster internetPublic safety networks
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AVAILABLEAvailable Plasma Sonics Ltd. Co.Specifications Glass -Pyrex Tube Length > 3 Tube Diameter -25mm Mount Dimensions- 12.5 inches X 21 inches Price: $ 380
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CONCLUSIONTechnology Currently being under
development Could greatly impact future of
communicationsBetter performance than metal antennas
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REFERENCES Journals and websites [1]Kumar, Rajneesh; Bora, Dhiraj; , "A reconfigurable
plasma antenna,"Journal of Applied Physics, vol.107, no.5, pp.053303-053303-9, Mar 2010
[2] Xue-Shi Li; Fan Luo; Bin-Jie Hu; , "FDTD Analysis of Radiation Performance of a Cylinder Plasma Antenna," Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, IEEE, vol.8, no., pp.756-758, 2009 doi: 10.1109/LAWP.2009.2022963
http://www.plasmas.org/what-are-plasmas.htm http://www.essortment.com/plasma-fourth-state-
matter-40444.html http://intuitor.com/resonance/radioTVres.html http://www.plasmasonics.com/tube.html
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