Plants What Is a Plant? Types, Structures, Functions and Adaptations
Unit Overview pages Section 21.1 Summary pages 559 - 563
Plants A plant is: multicellular eukaryotic Most produce their own food Have thick cell walls of cellulose Section 21.1 Summary pages Plant Types Plants Non Vascular Vascular Vascular seeded Vascular
non-seeded Gymnosperms Angiosperms Plant Types Non Vascular
only have cell walls to provide support, so they are small, low plants. lacks roots, true leaves, and stems ** Plant Types: nonvascular
produce spores Live and depend on moist environments Reproduction and Survival mosses, liverworts and hornworts. Plant Types Vascular veins Two Major Groups:
Seedless Vascular Plants Vascular Seed Plants Vascular tissues transports food/water Xylem - transports water and minerals Phloem - transports food/nutrients Plant Types: vascular Seedless Have a vascular system
reproduce only by SPORES Leaves are called fronds Plant Types: vascular Seeded
have vascular tissue, use seed to reproduce and have leaves, stems and roots. Seeds allow for greater reproductive success Embryo Food Supply Seed Coat Plant Types: vascular/seeded
Gymnosperms - naked seed -seeds NOT protected by fruit Conifers - Cone-bearing plants - Cones are either male or female - Largest and most diverse group of gymnosperms Most are evergreen Plant Types: vascular/seeded
Angiosperms Flowering plants produce seeds enclosed withina fruit. - Produce fruits with 1 or more seeds - Fruit aid in seed dispersal Plant Types Angiosperms
2 types: determined by the number of cotyledons Monocotone seed leaf Ex. Corn, grass Dicottwo seed leaves Ex: Trees, shrubs, sunflowers, most flowers 1 seed leaf 2 seed leaves Plant Types Monocot: Petals in multiples of 3
Parallel network of veins vascular bundles scattered throughout the stem. Ex: grasses, orchids, lilies, and palms. Plant Types vascular bundles that form a ring Dicots Network of veins
Petals of multiples of 4 or 5 Most shrubs and trees (except conifers), cacti, wildflowers, garden flowers, vegetables, and herbs. vascular bundles that form a ring Plant Structures and Adaptation
Roots Stems Leaves Cuticles Seeds / Reproduction Plant Structures and Adaptations
Roots - structures that allow plants to obtain water/nutrients from soil Tap- prop Fibrous- aerial Plant Structures and Adaptations
Stems - provides support for growth and food storage. Xylem and phloem Plant Structures and Adaptations
Protection and Reproduction Cuticles - waxy coating on the outside of plant that prevents water loss Seeds/spores -keep reproductive cells from drying out Plant Structures and Adaptations
Tissue Stomata: controls the exchange of gases, and water loss Guard cells: control the opening and closing of stomata. Plant Structures and Adaptations
Leaves - structural adaptations for functions release irritants Cactus spines are modified leaves that help reduce water loss and provide protection Plant Structures and Adaptations
Carnivorous plants - have leaves with adaptations that can trap insects or other small animals. grow in places where the soil is thin or poor in nutrients Pitcher plant, Venus fly trap Plant Structures and Adaptations
Course flower in full bloom gives off an odor of rotting flesh. Attracts pollinators; flies and beetles. Plants Flowers "What's in a name? That which we call a rose By any other name would smell as sweet." Romeo and Juliet (II, ii, 1-2) Plants Angiosperms Flowering; seeds enclosed in a fruit
contains the reproductive structures that the fruit develops from. Flowers are reproductive structures for angiosperms