Plant Tissues (1).ppt
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Transcript of Plant Tissues (1).ppt
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Plant Tissues: Overview
Meristems, Simple Tissues, &Complex Tissues
Many of the figures found in this presentation are from the internet sitehttp://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/ and a CD entitled Plant Anatomy by
Richard Crang & Andrey Vassilyev published by McGraw Hill.
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/ -
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Meristematic tissues localizedregions of cell division
Apical MeristemsPrimary or Transitional Meristem Primary growth
Protoderm gives rise to epidermis
Ground meristem gives rise to ground tissueProcambium gives rise to 1
ovascular tissue
Lateral MeristemsVascular cambium 2
ovascular tissue
Cork cambium or phellogen peridermIntercalary Meristems (found in the nodes of grasses)
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Illustration from: http://biology.nebrwesleyan.edu/benham/mitosis/
1. Interphase
2. Prophase
3. Metaphase4. Anaphase
5. Telophase
6. Cytokinesis
Cell Division: Mitosis (nuclear division) +Cytokinesis (cytoplasmic division)
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Root Apical Meristem
1. Root capinitials
2. Protoderm3. Ground
meristem4. Procambium
5. Root cap
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Lateral Meristems secondarygrowth in woody plants
Basswood root in cross sectionBasswood stem in cross
section; 1, 2, 3 year old stems
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Secondary_Growth/Woody_Stems/Tilia_Stem/Secondary_Growth/1-2-3-year_old_stems_MC_.phphttp://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Secondary_Growth/Roots/Tilia_Root_xs/Whole_root_large_MC_.php -
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Intercalary Meristems in Grasses
http://www2.mcdaniel.edu/Biology/wildamerica/grasslands/graslandoutline.html
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Simple Tissues consisting of onecell type
Parenchyma thin walled & alive at maturity; oftenmultifaceted.
Collenchyma thick walled & alive at maturity
Sclerenchyma thick walled and dead at maturitySclerids or stone cells cells as long as they are wideFibers cells longer than they are wide
Epidermis alive at maturityTrichomes pubescence or hairs on epidermis Root Hairs tubular extensions of epidermal cells
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Parenchyma
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Collenchyma
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Sclerenchyma
Right-hand illustration modified from: Weier,Stocking & Barbour, 1974, Botany: An
Introduction to Plant Biology, 5th Ed.
SCLERIDS FIBERS
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Epidermis stoma, trichomes, & root hairs
http://www.ucd.ie/botany/Steer/hair/roothairs.html
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Cells_&_Tissues/Stomata_Zebrina_epidermis/Chloroplasts_in_guard_cells.php -
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Complex Tissue
Xylem water conducting tissue; parenchyma, fibers,vessels and/or tracheids, and ray cells. Phloem food conducting tissue; sieve-tube members(no nucleus at maturity, cytoplasm present),companion cells, fibers, parenchyma, and raycells. In flowering plants, sieve-tube members and companion cells arise from the same mother cell.Periderm protective covering; composed of cork
and parenchyma.Secretory structures responsible for making latex,resins, nectar and other substances produced andstored in channels inside the plant body.
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Xylem
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Phloem
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Periderm cork & parenchyma
TWIG WITH LENTICELS
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Secondary_Growth/Woody_Stems/Tilia_Stem/Secondary_Growth/Periderm_MC.html -
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Secretory Structures
nectar (flowers) from nectariesoils (peanuts, oranges, citrus) from accumulation of glands and elaioplasts.
resins (conifers) from resin canalslacticifers (e.g., latex - milkweed, rubber plants,opium poppy)hydathodes (openings for secretion of water)digestive glands of carnivorous plants (enzymes)salt glands that shed salt (especial in plants adapted toenvironments laden with salt).