Plant Kingdom - WiFiStudy.com...Gymnospemae The gymnosperms are the naked-seeded plants...
Transcript of Plant Kingdom - WiFiStudy.com...Gymnospemae The gymnosperms are the naked-seeded plants...
Plant Kingdom
BRYPOPHYTA ब्रायोफाइट
Known as amphibians of plant kingdom, Dominant phase is
gametophyte.
Sex organs are known as Antheridium and Archegonium
(female part)
Divides into two types on the basis of their structure and
reproduction
Liverworts - Marchantia and Riccia
Mosses – Funaria
Pteridophyta•First terrestrial plants to possess vascular
tissues
and need water for fertilisation.
•Dominant phase is 'sporophytic.
•Leaves modified to form sporophylls
bearing: sporangia. Sporangia undergoes to
form spores.
(i) Psilopsida – e.g., Psilotum
(ii) Lycopsida – e.g., Lycopodium and
selaginella
(iii) Sphenopsida – e.g., Equisetum
(iv) Pteropsida – e.g., Dryopteris, Adiantum and
Pteris
GymnospemaeThe gymnosperms are the naked-seeded plants
(gymno-naked; sperma-seed), i.e., their ovules are
exposed and not enclosed in ovaries and hence the
seeds are naked without fruits.
The sporophytic (dominant phase) plants are
shrubs or moderate sized or large tress; Sequoia
(giant redwood tree) is the tallest tree species.
They have tap root system; they show
symbiotic association with fungi to form
mycorrhizae (as in Pinus) or with N,-
fixing cyanobacteria to "form coralloid
roots (as in Cycas).
Vascular bundles are well developed
AngiospermsThese are called flowering plants as the reproductive
organs are borne on flowers.
Vascular bundles are well developed, where Xylem has
vessels and tracheid's and helps in
Translocation of water and nutrients where as phloem has
sieve cells and companion cells and helps in transparation
of food sugar). prepared by leaves by the process of
photosyntheses
Flowers are reproductive structure, may be
bisexual or unisexual and plants may be
monoecious or dioecious. Eg: All flowering plants.
True fruits - when thalamus is not included in the
formation of fruit,
False fruit - when thalamus is included in the
formation of fruit: Eg ; Strawberry and Apple.
In Angiosperms female sex organs of a
flower is the pistil 1 gynoecium. Pistil has
three parts overy, style, stigma.
Male sex organs, each stamen has two parts
- a filament and an ather
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