Plant facilitation and animal interaction research gaps
Transcript of Plant facilitation and animal interaction research gaps
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community ecology is dead
@cjlortie
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long live network ecology
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millions of plants are not necessarily a network
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individuals counted are not necessarily interactions
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examine one thing at a time
maybe two
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ignore
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ignore
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ignore
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ignore
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habitat
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resource
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difficult to be an expert
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pairwise contrasts
maybe two & sometimes iterative sets of two
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two is not double the work
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3
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two
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3
interaction set model
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explore viability of this model
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scientific synthesis is the integration of evidence
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synthesis
counterweight to hyper-specialization
copes with data deluge
diversity promotes discovery
conceptualizes complexity
controlled vocabulary
data
combine & mine disparate datasets
develop novel insight tools
integrate theoreticians, practitioners, & modelers
link to education & application
scientific synthesis
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what connects & what matters
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synthesis tools
textbook examples
narrative reviews
vote counting
combining probabilities
systematic reviews
meta-analysis
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narrative vote probability meta
study restriction no no no yes
statistical significance yes yes yes no
n & power no no yes yes
mean effect no no yes yes
magnitude of effect no no no yes
variation no no no yes
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hypothesis or problem
set of studies
predictions or queries
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research landscape = systematic review
evidence = meta-analysis
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A systematic review attempts to identify, appraise and synthesize all the empirical evidence that meets pre-specified eligibility criteria to answer a given research
question. Researchers conducting systematic reviews use explicit methods aimed at minimizing bias, in order to
produce more reliable findings that can be used to inform decision making.
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evidence = meta-analysis
A meta-analysis is a systematic review (to some extent)that includes strength of evidence.
- usually an effect size estimate.
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e +
weighted difference of t - c
Rii = (t - c)/(t + c)
lnRR = natural log(t/c)
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meta-analysis contrasts & combines evidence from different studies using effect size measures and appropriate statistics
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first step is drawing the big picture of how facilitation in plants & animals connect
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3
Alohomora
systematic review of plant facilitation complexes with animals
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positive interactions globally
shrub-animal-plant & shrub-plant-animal
n = 77evidence map
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consilience in form and function between plants and animals
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shrub interactions with animals
direct 54% indirect 46%
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3
examples of field approaches
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Westphal, Bean, Butterfield, Michalet
shrub-animal-plant & shrub-plant-animal
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Noble, Liczner, Butterfield
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Liczner, Westphal
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Westphal & Liczner
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Ruttan
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count & co-occurrence
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alternative mechanisms - ecophysiology
coupler
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mechanisms
indirect shrub effects on annuals
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ecophysiology & mechanisms
direct microclimatic drivers
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ecophysiology & mechanisms
direct microclimatic drivers
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ecophysiology & mechanisms
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ecophysiology & mechanisms
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opportunities
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extended phenotype
many outward products including animal artefacts
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nested complexes of interactions
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bidirectional plant-animal interactions
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contrasted interaction strengths
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management of high-stress ecosystemsneeds comprehensive estimates of community dynamics
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novelty proposed is purely in leverage of both plant facilitation and established animal ecology
ecophysiology needed
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ecoblender.org