Planning for Climate Change

Adaptation in Kampala

Shuaib Lwasa

Department of Geography Geoinformatics and Climatic Sciences

Lwasa_s@caes.mak.ac.ug

Adaptation Metrics and Techniques for Agriculture and Water

Within the framework of the International Conference on

“Adaptation Metrics for Agriculture, Water and Resilient Cities”

24-25October 2018, UM6P - Benguerir, Morocco

Outline Introduction

Definitions

Adaptation

Adaptation Planning

Principles

Method

Case study

Profiling climate change actions and formulation of a plan

Vulnerability

Exposure

ƒ Sensitivity

Adaptive capacity

Stimulus

Statistical change in

meteorological variables

Exposure Unit

Operator of

action Receptor unit

Means: Resources,

Knowledge, Power For Planned Adaptation

Klaus Eisenack and Rebecca Stecker 2012

Adopted from Berrang L, 2012

Adaptation to what? • Flooding is the major climate

risk in Kampala

• Excess runoff exceeding the capacity of drains or streams

• Knock-on effects on Health

•Hydrological assessment

•A severe flood occurs at least every

year and the greatest flood

occurrence happened between 2000

and 2011

Legend

Roads

<all other values>

Tarmac Road

Murram Road (All weather)

XY XY XY Murram Road (Dry weather)

Motorable Track

Railway

Others

Spatial Vulnerability Index

Value

High : 9

Low : 1

Results

•The flood waters recede after a period of

between 1 day to 1 week

•Types of slow onset and flash floods

What actors are involved in adaptation? Governments

Corporations??

International institutions

Development Banks??

Donors

NGOs

Research institutions

people of poor countries in the frontline – urban poor, city authorities,

Linkages – how? Who? CBA?

Entry Point for adaptation Institutional readiness for adaptation important

Systems change, institutional realignment and comprehensive approach

The importance of urban infrastructure systems to support local adaptation

Soft systems support and ‘Transformative development’

The bulk of work lies at local level and the urban dwellers role is critical

Participatory Process

Engagement of

Stakeholders

Through to

Implementation of pilot

actions

Engagement with Stakeholders

Regular meetings with

the core stakeholder

group

Public consultation

methods to acquire

feedback

Participatory Adaptation Planning

Pathway

Phase 1:

Co-Diagnosis with

stakeholder

Phase 2:

Co-Testing

Phase 3:

Cycle loop

Neighbourhood Design

Livestock Poultry Crops

Gathering Views of stakeholders

Beneficiaries

The envisaged

neighborhood

Plot Utilization

Space-Confined Productive Greening

Micro to City Scale

Scaling adaptation

solutions • SuDS Solutions

• Plot level SuDS

• Public area SuDS

• Maintenance & Sustainability

• Related policy needs

combination of catchment planning / management and

engineering solutions

prevention of runoff through flood retention upstream

followed by slow release

Taking it to scale • Compulsory SuDS as part of building applications:

• Building regulations to include SuDS principles, resulting in a maximum discharge from a given development site (e.g. max. X ltr/h/m2 or max X% of the rainfall or requiring zero site runoff)

• Planning to consider retention in sub-catchments

• Adaptive urban-design where appropriate

• But incentivised planning since planners are the developers

Flood mitigation from neighborhood to

catchment scale

• Trend growth and most new buildings from now on

have a compulsory grass strip of 2 meter on the plot

• A total of 16555 houses (> 660,000 m2 grass, “80

soccer fields”)

Episodic monitoring of

Disasters and Loss Data

Peril and Hazard

Classification

Spatial analysis and vulnerability Assessments Multi-level

system for data

capture

Scenarios,

planning for

preparedness

CAVEATS FOR PLANNED ADAPTATION AND ACTION

• INSTITUTIONAL REFORM AND READINESS •CAPACITY TO RESPOND IN A SYSTEMIC MANNER •THINKING BIG AND STARTING SMALL •ADAPTATION FUND

The Sprawl

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BINDING

FRAMEWORK

SHUAIB LWASA CCCI KAMPLA

Requirements for Scaling Up

Local communities and institutions taking

action

Institutionalizing solutions

Innovative urban financing mechanisms

Embed risk reduction objectives

Address both adaptation and mitigation

Concluding remarks

Adaptation is locale and context specific

Adaptation is largely from learning by doing

Development can enhance resilience and thus adaptation to future impacts

The roles of different actors and entry points for adaptation

Thank you!

Thank you!

Thank you!