PLANNING, DRAFTING, AND REVISING

English for Academic Purposes

Week 8

Planing

• Time spent planning a first draft pays off

during the writing process.

• A plan helps you reorganize the elements of

your argument from a form that may seem

coherent to you into one that will be both

coherent and persuasive to your readers.

AVOID TWO COMMON BUT FLAWED PLANS

1) A narrative of thinking : (Re)organize your

report around the core elements of your

argument—your claim and the reasons

supporting it.

2) A patchwork of sources : Readers want your

analysis, not a summary of your sources.

Drafting – Several Tips

1) Draft in a way that feels comfortable

2) Use key words to keep on track

3) Quote, Paraphrase, and summarize

appropriately.

4) Show readers how evidence is relevant

5) Overcoming writes’ block

Revising Argument

1) Identify the Substance of Your Argument:

Does the structure of your argument match

the structure of your report?

2) Evaluate the Quality of Your Argument: What

might cause your readers to reject your

argument?

Revising the organization 1) Do key terms run through your whole report? 2) Is the beginning of each section/subsection clear

?3) Does each major section begin with words that

signal how that section relates to the one before it?

4) Is it clear how each section relates to the whole?5) Is the point of each section stated in a brief

introduction or (less helpfully) at its end?6) Do terms that unify each section run through it?

Communicating Evidence Visually• Most readers grasp quantitative evidence more

easily in tables, charts, and graphs than they do in words. But some visual forms suit particular data and messages better than others.

• When the data are few and simple, readers can grasp them as easily in a sentence as in a table/figure.

• When you graphically present complex data, the most common choices are tables, bar charts, and line graphs, each of which has a distinctive rhetorical effect.

Writing Process – Video

The Writing Process Draft - YouTube.htm

My Website

http://eiseri.yasar.edu.tr/

Draft Presentation/Submission

Presentation : November 27-29

Submisson: November 29 Friday

Draft should:

• Print-out

• Be around 1500-2000 words

• Structured with proper introduction , body (with

headings) and conclusion

• Include citations and bibliography

• Late submissions and digital versions will not be

accepted.