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ABOUT NASIK 

 Nashik is one of the most important cities of Northern Maharashtra. Nashik, in Maharashtra,

is situated at a distance of 200 km from Mumbai (Bombay) as well as Pune. he city has become the center of attraction because of its beautiful surroundin!s and cool and pleasant

climate. Nashik has a personality of its own due to its mytholo!ical, historical, social and

cultural importance. he city, "ibrant and acti"e on the industrial, political, social and

cultural fronts, has influenced the li"es of many a !reat personalities. he ri"er #oda"ari

flows throu!h the city. emples and !hats on the banks of #oda"ari ha"e made Nashik one

of the holiest places for $indus all o"er the %orld.

& deli!htful town, usually bustlin! with fer"ent crowds, Nasik is a classic m'lan!e of the past

and the present. t pa"es way to many fascinatin! forts and royally !raceful temples that

 possess an aura of euberance. his part of the terra firma is more than a dream destination

for *ealous lo"ers of !lorious tra"el. t plays abode to most of the industries located in

Maharashtra, includin! the +ecurity Printin! Press of the !o"ernment, the nations currency

 printer. he core of commerce and trade, it was earlier the countrys lar!est market arena.

%idely held as the land that produces the maimum "arieties of fruits and "e!etables, it is

ri!htly labelled as the !reen belt area. t lod!es a !reat di"ersity of tourist attractions,

reli!ious domains and the nature at its bountiful and beautiful best. his land of e-uisite

!randeur witnessed / years of eile suffered by a hero, a hero named ord 1ama (of the

1amayana fame). he ord spent his years of eile in the forests of this land.

he splendour of Nasik tells you all about the ma!nificence of the place. ts fame has

au!mented by leaps and bounds due to its propin-uity to +hirdi, a "ery famous pil!rima!e

centre, where thousands cram to ac-uire darshan of +hri +ai Baba. ew of the attractions here

are mentioned below.

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Nashik district

ocation of Nashik district in Maharashtra

Country ndia

State Maharashtra

Administrative

division Nashik 3i"ision

Headquarters  Nashik 

Tehsils

. Nashik , 2. +innar , 4. !atpuri, /.

rimbak, 5. Niphad, 6. 7eola, 8. Peth,

9. 3indori, :. ;handwad, 0.

 Nand!aon, . +ur!ana, 2. <alwan,

4. 3eola, /. Ba!lan, 5.

Male!aon=>

Government

  !ok Sa"ha

constituencies

. Nashik , 2. 3indori (+), 4. 3hule 

(shared with 3hule district) Based on

(?lection ;ommission website)

Area

  Total 5,540 km2 (6,000 s- mi)

#o$ulation (200)

  Total /,:98,:24

  %ensity 420@km2 (940@s- mi)

&a'or hi(h)ays  N$A4, N$A50

20.0000 N, 84.8900 ?

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 G*OG+A#HICA! #+O,I!* O, NASHIK 

 Nashik is at a hei!ht of 565 meters abo"e sea le"el. he ri"er #oda"ari passes throu!h

 Nashik. Nashik has Cal!aon district at its ?ast and North ?ast, +urat and 3an! districts at its%est, 3hule district at its North, hane district at its +outh %est and %est, &uran!abad

district at its +outh ?ast and &hmedna!ar district at its +outh. Nashik has 4 talukas.

he %eather of Nashik is pleasant , dust free and non corrosi"e. he coldest month is

3ecember with minimum temperature of upto 6 de!ree ; and maimum 29.4 de!ree ;. he

hottest month is May with minimum temperature of upto 2.5 de!ree ; and maimum /2.5

de!ree ;. he a"era!e rainfall is 800 mm and is mostly durin! Cune A +eptember. 1elati"e

humidity is maimum 62D and minimum /4.65D. t may be better mentioned that the

a"era!e temperature is risin! and there is a slow decrease in rainfall.

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 #I!G+I&AG* TOU+IS& IN NASHIK 

#anchavati

1i"er #oda"ari flows throu!h Nashik and its

 Northern part is called as Pancha"ati. t is said that

lord +hri 1am and +ita alon! with aman stayed at

Pancha"ati for some time. hus Pancha"ati has

!ained holy importance. here are fi"e Banyan (Ead) trees and hence the area is called

Pancha"ati.Nearby is +ita #umpha (ca"e) where +ita is said to ha"e stayed for some time

Sita Gum$ha -he #umpha (i.e. ;a"e) is near the fi"e Banyan

trees in Pancha"ati. Fne can enter the ca"e with

the help of a "ery narrow staircase. he ca"e has

the idol of +hree 1am, aman and +ita. o

the left, one can enter into the ca"e ha"in! the

+hi"a in!a. 3e"otees belie"e that 1a"an

kidnapped +ita from the same place.

+amkund.Gandhi &emorial

he most important place in

Pancha"ati is 1amkund. t is so

called because ord 1ama is belie"ed

to ha"e taken bath there. Mortal

remains (&sthi) immersed in this kunda, are immediately absorbed in the water. & dip in this

sacred kunda is considered "ery pious. +ituated nearby is #andhi ake (ala") ha"in! a

memorable monument made out of white marble, in memory of the ather of the Nation. he

ashes were dropped in 1amkund after #andhiGi passed away on 40th Canuary :/9. Mr.

 Nehru was also present on this occasion.

Kalaram mandir

&nother important temple is that of <ala 1am. his temple was built by Peshwas. here are

!reat processions and utsa" on 1amna"ami, 3asara and ;haitra Padwa ($indu new year 

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day). he specialty of the temple is that it was built with black stones.he stones were

 brou!ht from 1amsheG 200 years a!o. t took 24 lakhs of rupees and 2000 workers to build

the temple in 2 years. he ape of the temple is made up of 42 tons of !old. n :40, 3r.

&mbedkar performed +atya!raha, to allow the entry of $ariGans into the temple.

Naroshankar Tem$le -

+ituated in Pancha"ati area, on the bank of ri"er #oda"ari A

fondly called, as !an!a by Nasikites H is Naroshankar emple

of 1ameshwar built by Naroshankar

1aGebahaddur in 8/8. he architectural style of the temple is

called IMayaI style. t is one of the most beautiful pieces of

temple architecture of the 9th century. he main temple is on a platform. 1ather than inside

of the temple, sculpture on the outer part is stunnin!. t has rows of strikin! desi!ns. Fne

layer is of decorati"e lacework. he net one is that of peacocks holdin! bead !arlends. n

four directions are statues of the saints in Padmasana A one holdin! rosary, the other one a

holy book A they are all scholars. +ome of the statues are deformed A their hands are broken.

here is also an assembly of animals A ti!ers, monkeys,elephants etc. his depicts that $indu

culture is not limited only to human bein!s but also has relation with birds, animals, trees,

and nature in !eneral.

he temple is surrounded by feet fortification. n its four corners are umbrellas A called

IMe!hadambariI or IBarasatiI. Fne of them was washed away by #oda"ari floods and only

three are eistin! presently. he fortification also centres a IBell houseI in the front part. he

famous bell , called INaroshankar BellI is fied there. he bell is a "ictory memorial o"er

Portu!uese. he Maratha 1uler BaGirao PeshwaJs youn!er brother ;himaGi &ppa won the

fort of Easai a!ainst Portu!uese. he famous kni!ht of Peshwas A Mr Naroshankar

1aGebahaddur played a critical role in this war. &fter winnin! the fort, Easai Portu!uese

;hurch bell was remo"ed, marched on elephant till Nashik with !reat celebration and offered

to Naroshankar as a medal A an award for his bra"ery. t is made of bron*e, with si feet

diameter. he year en!ra"ed on it is :2. he bell Gin!le can be heard up to 5 miles, it is

said. his bell and its rin!in! is so famous that a phrase is coined after it in Marathi. f a

woman is talkin! in a "ery hi!h pitch, she is called INaroshankarachi !hantaI.

1ecently the Municipal ;orporation of Nashik undertakes reno"ation of the bell.

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Sundarnarayan Tem$le -

+undarnarayan temple is situated at the corner of &hillyabai $olkar 

Brid!e. he story !oes like this K Erinda 3e"i was a "ery pious and

faithful wife of Calandar A a wicked demon. Calandar, a mi!htycrook, was the de"otee of ord +hi"a. Pleased with his prayers and

impressed by Calandars wifes chastity, ord +hi"a !a"e him a boon

that made him immortal.

Godavari Tem$le -

he #oda"ari emple was built by ?lder Madha"rao Peshwas mother, #opikabai in 860.

his temple is open for de"otees only durin! the period of <umbhamela (once in 2 years)

for 4 months. t is also called #an!a emple.

$oly places at 1i"er #oda"ari

Akshardham 

 Near apo"an, on &!ra road the +wami Narayan temple or &kshardham is located. 7ears a!o,

this was Bramhachari (Bachelors) &shram. he trustees of the temple run a school in the

+anskrit medium.

Gondesh)ar Tem$le-

he #ondeshwar temple is a "ery beautiful temple built in the

$emadpanthi style of &rchitecture. 3urin! the &dilshahi rule in

Maharashtra, &hmedna!ar was the capital. &odakesh)ar-

his ancient temple of #anapati facin! east is situated at &sarachi

Ees on the road from 1amkund to the cemetery. he idol has an ori!inal shape of a modak 

and hence is called Modakeshwar. &ccordin! to a le!end, modaks used to be found in this

temple. he temple owner Eilas <shemkalyaniLs ancestor <esha"rao <shemkalyani saw in

dream a #anapati at this place. %hen he came to this place, he really found a swayambhu

#anapati.

&ain +oad Gana$ati-

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temple. he deity is lo"in!ly called 3holya because of its impressi"e hu!eness A aptly called

ambodar, Eishalkay etc. he temple is fre-uented by colle!e students and is "ery crowded

durin! the day. #aikwad family looks after the idol and the temple.

Navshya Gana$ati -

his #anapati was installed by &nandibai durin! the period of Peshwa at &nand"alli on

#an!apur road !oin! towards +omeshwar. Pre"iously an independent "illa!e is now within

 Nashik city limits. +ince this #anapati answers to the offerin!s in prayers (na"as), it is called

 Na"shya #anapati. 1ecently a local +hi" +ena corporator took the lead to reno"ate this

temple. & small path dotted by trees on either side leads to the ri"er and this temple on the

slope near the ri"erbank is worth a "isit.

Shitaladevi Tem$le -

he temple is situated near the #oraram emple. he de"otees belie"e that the !oddess

+hitala cures diseases like +mallpo, ;hickenpo etc. But now since smallpo has been

eradicated and ;hickenpo can be treated if fatal, the importance of this temple has lessened.

Bala'i &andir -

his temple, situated at the I1amsetuI brid!e near +arkarwada, was built in 88. he idols

in the temple were found by #anapatibu"a #osa"i in the small "illa!e of Panna"A"elli in

amil Nadu. he ord BalaGis crown is made out of !old embedded with pearls and

diamonds. BalaGiwale rust looks after the maintenance of the temple.

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&urlidhara Tem$le -

he temple situated in #oraram ane, was built by late +hri 3adabu"a in 929. he temple

has a "ery beautiful idol of lord <rishna with flute.

Ka$urthala Chatri -

Between #ada!e MaharaG Brid!e and 1amsetu brid!e, there is 40 feet hi!h <apurthala ;hatri

(umbrella) made of marble stone. n 980, former kin! of <apurthala (PunGab) died in ?den.

he ;hatri was built in his memory. n front of the ;hatri is the <apurthala 3haramshala.

Katya &aruti 0Hanuman Tem$le1 -

his temple of $anuman towerin! to a hei!ht of idol is .5 feet, is situatednear aman brid!e, built in 88, by +hri 1a!hunath Bhatt <arte.

#anchratnesh)ar -

 Nearby is the Panchratneshwar temple buit in 859. t has +hi"alin!a from the times of the

ord +hri 1ama.

Guru Gan(esh)ar /ed &andir -

he Eed Mandir was built with the aim of studyin! ndian culture and Eed and Puranas. &

 pri"ate trust of Mr +arada founded the temple.he temple is the eample of modern interiors

 built with talian Marble. he entrance to the temple is "ery lar!e and attracti"e with !lasses

and flood li!hts.

2ash)antrao &ahara' &emorial -

his temple of +aint 7ashwantrao MaharaG 3eo Mamaledar is situated on the banks of the

ri"er #oda"ari. t was built in 998 after the +amadhi of 3eo Mamaledar. 7ashwantrao

MaharaG was the Mamaledar (ci"ile ser"ant) at +atana.

/itthal tem$le -

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Fn the way to Prin..& <ulkarni ?ducational nstitute, is situated the Eitthal Mandir. he

temple is dedicated to Eitthal and 1akhmai. %orshipped by de"otees, the temple is a maGor 

attraction since it is "ery clean and spacious.

&uktidham -

Muktidham temple is situated in Nashik 1oad. Built by ate +hri CayramBhai Bytco, is

ma!nificient peice of architucture, made with marble form Makran in 1aGastan, and by

1aGastani scluptors. ni-ue to this temple are ei!hteen chapters of #eeta written on the walls.

 

Other tem$les -

Fther beautiful temples are #ora 1am, ?kmukhi 3atta, &d"aiteshwar, &rdha Nari

 Nateshwar, Mukteshwar, Narkeshwar, 3utondya Maruti, aminarayan temple.

Shri Kailash &ath -

n addition to many temples and reli!ious places, Nashik also has schools where Eedas are

tau!ht. Fne of the Eedas +chools in Nashik is +hri <ailas Math. +hri <ailas Math is a rust.

his institution is one of the old reli!ious institutions, workin! for the last 89 years. he

institution was established on :th 3ecember :20 by +wami 1hidayanand MaharaG. $e

 became I+anyasiI A hermit, at a "ery early a!e and as su!!ested by his #uru +hri

Brahmanand +araswati, he opened a school for teachin! Eedas. $is disciples Pandit

+hridharshastri %are and Bhaiyashastri #ar!e became famous on National le"el. n :25

after the demise of +wami 1hidayanandGi, his work was carried further by +wami

MohanandGi, +wami &nubha"anandGi, +wami MurlidharanandGi, +wami &khedanandGi and

+wami EidyanandGi +araswati.

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SIGHT S**ING IN NASHIK 

Somesh)ar 

Fn the way to #an!apur dam, tourists are fascinated by the

 beautiful nature spot called I+omeshwarI. here is a

temple of ord +hi"a and ord $anuman on the banks of 

the ri"er #oda"ari. he area is co"ered with !reenery all

o"er, with a pleasant climate. ourists can take pleasure of 

swimmin! and boatin! in the ri"er.+omeshwar has been a

fa"ourite location for many a filmshootin!s. Fn the way to +omeshwar, there is a "illa!e

named Anand)alli. t is so named because Peshwas A &nandibai and 1a!hobadada, li"ed

there for some time. he temple A Navasha Gan$ati was built by them.

%eolali Cam$ 

3eolali ;amp is an important ndian military center. 3eolali camp which is one of the oldest

center in ndia, is located 6 km away from Nashik. he center was set up by the British in

96. he area surrounded with !ardens, play!rounds and wide roads pro"es its uni-ueness.

&n officer of the rank of MaGor #eneral holds the position of the head of the &rtillery school

here.Beyond Military centre 3eolali market is famous for shoppin!s.&lso emple $ill nearby

is worth "isitin!. Fn the hill there is a famous temple of lord <handoba, hence the hill is

 popularly known as Khandobachi Tekadi  

n the days of the British 1aG, soldiers who cracked up

under the stresses and strains of life in British

ndia were in"ariably packed off to a military

 psychiatric hospital in the small Maharashtrian

cantonment town of 3eolali, near Nashik, to reco"er.

ts name became synonymous with ner"ous breakdown hence the ?n!lish idiom "to go

doolally", meanin! to become insane or eccentric.

Artillery Centre

Behind the Panda" ;a"es, is the bi!!est &rtillery ;enter in &sia.

his artillery center was shifted from Pakistan in :/8, and is

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now completin! its 50th year. he ndian armys officers and soldiers are trained here.

rainin! for Bofors #un is !i"en here. he area is under military and is restricted for

ci"ilians.

Bha(ur 

Bha!ur  is the birthplace of the freedom fi!hter, +watantrya Eeer +a"arkar and hence it has

!ained historical importance. here is also a beautiful temple of IBha!ur 3e"iI. Bha!ur is

situated 4 km away from 3eolali ;amp.

Takli 

akli is the place of saint +amarth 1amdas. $e was the #uru (teacher) of ;hatrapati +hi"aGi.

1amdas was a bramhachari (bachelor) all throu!h his life. $e promoted the $indu reli!ion

and told people the importance of simple li"in! and hi!h thinkin!. 1amdas ran away from his

marria!e procession and settled down at akli. $e meditated here for 2 years. $e was

de"otee of lord 1am and meditated with the words +hriram Cai 1am, Cai Cai 1am for 4

crores times. &fter such a lon! de"otion, he left. 1amdas +wamis ashram is preser"ed in his

memory at akli. here is also a beautiful $anuman temple surrounded with !reenery on the

 bank of ri"er Nandini or Nasardi.

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TOU+IST #!AC*S A+OUN% NASHIK 

Trim"akesh)ar Tem$le 

rimbakeshwar A one of the holy places of not only

Maharashtra but the whole ndia is near Nashik.

rimbakeshwar is one of the twel"e Cyotirlin!as in

ndia. he followin! "erse shall eplain the

importance of this sacred place and the net one

!i"es names of the wel"e Cyotirlin!as in ndia.

his says that anybody who "isits ryambakeshwar attains sal"ation. here is no sacred place

like ryambakeshwar, no ri"er like #oda"ari, no mountain like Brahma!iri etc. he reasons

for its bein! so sacred are A #oda"ari ri"er ori!inates in this place, its a place of Tri3

Sandhya Gayatri, the birth place of !ord Ganesha, a place of the 4irst Nath o4 Nath

Sam$radaya consistin! of Gorakhnath and others, a place where Nivrittinath was made to

imbibe the holy knowled!e by his #uru Gahininath, a place where Ni"rittinath made his

 brothers and sister attain the self by his preachin!. his is the holiest place to perform

Shraddha ceremony. Nirnaya Sindhu A a reli!ious book of $indus, mentions that this place,

where +ahyadri mountain and #oda"ari ri"er eist is "ery purifyin! on the whole earth and is

therefore "ery important for performin! +hraddha ceremony.

SA#TSH+UNGI %*/I /ANIK

$indu almanac considers three and half days as hi!hly auspicious. hey are

#udipadwa A $indus New 7ear, 3ushhera, 3iwali and &kshaytritiya.

ikewisedwellin! places of #oddesses in

Maharashtra are famous. ulGapur where ulGa

Bhawani dwells, <olhapur, the dwellin! place of 

&mbabha"ani, and Mahur where <ulaswamini

dwells.

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#AN%U !*NI

Pandu eni (also known as rirashmi ;a"es and other "ariations) (eni is Marathi word for 

ca"es), are a !roup of 2/ ca"es car"ed between the 4rd century B; and the 2nd century &3,

representin! the $inayana Buddhist ca"es and has nothin! to do with the characters of 

Mahabharata (the Panda"as). Most of the ca"es are Eiharas ecept for the 9th ca"e which is

a ;haitya.=> he location of the ca"es is a holy Buddhist site and is located about 9 km south

of Nashik, Maharashtra, ndia.

he ca"es were car"ed out from the /th century B; till the 2th century &3 as abodes for the

idols of the local kin!s. he ca"es lod!e idols of Buddha and Bodhisatt"a. +ome ca"es are

intricately connected by stoneAcut ladders that Goin them to the other ca"es. +teps lead to the

ca"es from the bottom of the hill. he peak of the Panda"leni is also accessible by trekkin! of 

about 20 mins but the path is well built with steps.

+ome of the ca"es are lar!e and contain numerous chambers A these rockAcut ca"es ser"ed as

a "iharas or monasteries for the disciples to meet and hear sermons. hey contain interestin!

sculptures. Fne of the "ihara ca"es is older and finer in sculptural detail and is thou!ht to be

nearly as old as the <arla ;a"e near ona"ala. &nother ca"e (ca"e No. 9) is a ;haitya and is

similar in a!e to the <arla ;a"e and has a particularly elaborate facade.

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The Yashwantrao Chavan Planetarium and

Science Centre

NASHIK – MAHARASHTRA

 

&ddressK rimabkeshwar 1oad A Nashik, /22 00, #uGarat

;ountryK N3&

atitudeK :5:/5I N A on!itudeK 84/640I ?

%ebsiteK httpK@@www.info"isiontechnolo!ies.com@i"tOs4.html

%ebsite 2K httpK@@nashikit.com@$ome@presidentOinau!uratesOnashikOf 

?mailK

PhoneK : 254A:922A9A::6

Fpened in 2008

3ome of 0.0m includin! 05 seats

Friented No

ilt No

3i!ital system ?"ans Q +utherlandK 3i!istar 4

Video system CRT : 5+1

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#!AN*TA+IU&

INT+O%UCTION

& planetarium (plural planetaria or planetariums) is a theatre built primarily for presentin!

educational and entertainin! shows about astronomy and the ni!ht sky, or for trainin! in

celestial na"i!ation.

& dominant feature of most planetaria is the lar!e domeAshaped proGection screen onto which

scenes of stars, planets and other celestial obGects can be made to appear and mo"e

realistically to simulate the comple motions of the hea"ens. he celestial scenes can be

created usin! a wide "ariety of technolo!ies, for eample precisionAen!ineered star balls that

combine optical and electroAmechanical technolo!y, slide proGector, "ideo and fulldome

 proGector systems, and lasers. %hate"er technolo!ies are used, the obGecti"e is normally to

link them to!ether to pro"ide an accurate relati"e motion of the sky. ypical systems can be

set to display the sky at any point in time, past or present, and often to show the ni!ht sky as

it would appear from any point of latitude on ?arth.

Planetaria ran!e in si*e from the $ayden Planetariums 2Ameter dome seatin! /24 people, to

threeAmeter inflatable portable domes where children sit on the floor. +uch portable planetaria

ser"e education pro!rams outside of the permanent installations of museums and science

centers.

he term planetarium is sometimes used !enerically to describe other de"ices which illustrate

the solar system, such as a computer simulation or an orrery. Planetarium software refers to a

software application that renders a threeAdimensional ima!e of the sky onto a twoA

dimensional computer screen. he term planetarian is used to describe a member of the professional staff of a planetarium.

Planetarium domes ran!e in si*e from 4 to 45 m in diameter , accommodatin! from to 500

 people. hey can be permanent or portable, dependin! on the application.

• Portable inflatable domes can be inflated in minutes. +uch domes are often used for 

tourin! planetaria "isitin!, for eample, schools and community centres.

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• emporary structures usin! !lassAreinforced plastic (#1P) se!ments bolted to!ether 

and mounted on a frame are possible. &s they may take some hours to construct, they

are more suitable for applications such as ehibition stands, where a dome will stay

up for a period of at least se"eral days.

•  Ne!ati"eApressure inflated domes are suitable in some semiApermanent situations.

hey use a fan to etract air from behind the dome surface, allowin! atmospheric

 pressure to push it into the correct shape.

• +maller permanent domes are fre-uently constructed from !lass reinforced plastic.

his is inepensi"e but, as the proGection surface reflects sound as well as li!ht, the

acoustics inside this type of dome can detract from its utility. +uch a solid dome also

 presents issues connected with heatin! and "entilation in a lar!eAaudience

 planetarium, as air cannot pass throu!h it.

• Flder planetarium domes were built usin! traditional construction materials and

surfaced with  plaster . his method is relati"ely epensi"e and suffers the same

acoustic and "entilation issues as #1P.

• Most modern domes are built from thin aluminium sections with ribs pro"idin! a

supportin! structure behind. he use of aluminium makes it easy to perforate the

dome with thousands of tiny holes. his reduces the reflecti"ity of sound back to the

audience (pro"idin! better acoustic characteristics), lets a sound system proGect

throu!h the dome from behind (offerin! sound that seems to come from appropriate

directions related to a show), and allows air circulation throu!h the proGection surface

for climate control.

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GA!A52

& (ala6y is a hu!e collection of !as, dust, and of stars and their solar systems. & !alay

is held to!ether by !ra"ity. Fur !alay, the Milky %ay, also has a in the middle.

%hen you look up at stars in the ni!ht sky, youLre seein! other stars in the Milky

%ay. f itLs really dark, far away from li!hts from cities and houses, you can e"en

see the dusty bands of the Milky %ay stretch across the sky.

 The Milky Way Galaxy stretches across the sky at the Trona

Pinnacles National Landmark in California. Photo by Ian Norman.

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here are many !alaies besides ours, thou!h. here are so many, we canLt e"en count them

all yetR he looked at a small patch of space for 2 days and found 0,000 !alaies, of all

si*es, shapes, and colors. +ome scientists think there could be as many as !alaies in the

uni"erse.

 This is the picture taken by the Hubble pace Telescope sho!in"

thousands of "alaxies. #$en the tiny dots are !hole "alaxies. The

uni$erse is a $ery bi" place%

+ome !alaies are spiralAshaped like ours. hey ha"e cur"ed arms that make it look 

like a pinwheel. Fther !alaies are smooth and o"al shaped. heyLre called

elliptical !alaies. &nd there are also !alaies that arenLt spirals or o"als. hey

ha"e irre!ular shapes and look like blobs. he li!ht that we see from each of these

!alaies comes from the stars inside it.

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+ometimes !alaies !et too close and smash into each other. Fur Milky %ay !alay will

someday bump into &ndromeda, our closest !alactic nei!hbor. But donLt worry. t wonLt

happen for about fi"e billion years. But e"en if it happened tomorrow, you mi!ht not notice.

#alaies are so bi! and spread out at the ends that e"en thou!h !alaies bump into each

other, the planets and solar systems often donLt !et close to collidin!.

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SO!A+ S2ST*&

he +olar +ystem is made up of all the planets that orbit our +un. n addition to planets, the

+olar +ystem also consists of moons, comets, asteroids, minor planets, and dust and !as.

?"erythin! in the +olar +ystem orbits or re"ol"es around the +un. he +un contains around

:9D of all the material in the +olar +ystem. he lar!er an obGect is, the more !ra"ity it has.

Because the +un is so lar!e, its powerful !ra"ity attracts all the other obGects in the +olar 

+ystem towards it. &t the same time, these obGects, which are mo"in! "ery rapidly, try to fly

away from the +un, outward into the emptiness of outer space. he result of the planets tryin!

to fly away, at the same time that the +un is tryin! to pull them inward is that they become

trapped halfAway in between. Balanced between flyin! towards the +un, and escapin! into

space, they spend eternity orbitin! around their parent star.

$ow 3id he +olar +ystem formJ

his is an important -uestion, and one that is difficult for scientists to understand. &fter all,

the creation of our +olar +ystem took place billions of years before there were any people

around to witness it. Fur own e"olution is tied closely to the e"olution of the +olar +ystem.

hus, without understandin! from where the +olar +ystem came from, it is difficult to

comprehend how mankind came to be.

+cientists belie"e that the +olar +ystem e"ol"ed from a !iant cloud of dust and !as. hey belie"e that this dust and !as be!an to collapse under the wei!ht of its own !ra"ity. &s it did

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so, the matter contained within this could be!in mo"in! in a !iant circle, much like the water 

in a drain mo"es around the center of the drain in a circle.

&t the center of this spinnin! cloud, a small star be!an to form. his star !rew lar!er and

lar!er as it collected more and more of the dust and !as that collapsed into it.

urther away from the center of this mass where the star was formin!, there were smaller 

clumps of dust and !as that were also collapsin!. he star in the center e"entually i!nited

formin! our +un, while the smaller clumps became the planets, minor planets, moons,

comets, and asteroids.

& #reat +torm

Fnce i!nited, the +uns powerful solar winds be!an to blow. hese winds, which are made up

of atomic particles bein! blown outward from the +un, slowly pushed the remainin! !as and

dust out of the +olar +ystem.

Because the inner planets are much closer to the +un, they are located where the solar winds

are stron!er. &s a result, the dust and !as from the inner +olar +ystem was blown away much

more -uickly than it was from the outer +olar +ystem. his !a"e the planets of the inner +olar 

+ystem less time to !row.

&nother important difference is that the outer planets are lar!ely made of !as and water,

while the inner planets are made up almost entirely of rock and dust. his is also a result of 

the solar winds. &s the outer planets !rew lar!er, their !ra"ity had time to accumulate

massi"e amounts of !as, water, as well as dust.

he +olar +ystem $as F"er 00 %orlds

t is true that there are only ei!ht planets. $owe"er, the +olar +ystem is made up of o"er 00

worlds that are e"ery bit as fascinatin!. +ome of these minor planets, and moons are actually

lar!er than the planet MercuryR

Fthers, such as o, ha"e acti"e "olcanoes. ?uropa has a li-uid water ocean, while itan has

lakes, ri"ers, and oceans of li-uid Methane. 7ou can read more about these ama*in! worlds

 by clickin! here.

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#!AN*T

Mercury

ts a tou!h life li"in! net to the sun but someones !ot to do it. ind out why

Mercury has more in common with the Moon than our own ?arth.

Mars

he 1ed Planet hasnt -uite been con-uered by humans yet but its had a few

interestin! "isitors in recent years. ind out more about this and the potential for

li-uid water on this rocky planet.

+aturn

his !as !iant is famous for its beautiful rin!s as well as bein! the second bi!!est

 planet in our solar system. earn about the ice crystals that make up the rin!s and

much more.

 Neptune

ierce storms ra!e on this planet at the ed!e of our solar system. 1ead about this

and other thin!s that make Neptune such an interestin! planet.

Eenus

+imilar in si*e to ?arth but Gust a little hotter, ok make that a lot hotterR Eenus is

like an o"en on a hi!h temperature thanks to its thick clouds which keep the heat

in.

Cupiter 

ts bi!, its an!ry and its home to some of the most etreme conditions in our

solar system. %elcome to Cupiter, where storms ra!e and intense !ra"ity rules.ranus

<een to stand out from the crowd, ranus rolls like a barrel rather than spinnin!

like ?arth. earn more about this and its lon! orbit around the sun.

Pluto

ts tou!h bein! the little !uy and no one knows this better than Pluto who isnt

e"en considered a planet anymore. +till, theres a lot to learn about an obGect that

orbits so far from the sun.

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+tars

&steroids

&steroids are small, airless rocky worlds re"ol"in! around the sun that are too small to be

called planets. hey are also known as planetoids or minor planets. n total, the mass of all

the asteroids is less than that of ?arths moon. But despite their si*e, asteroids can be

dan!erous. Many ha"e hit ?arth in the past, and more will crash into our planet in the future.hats one reason scientists study asteroids and are ea!er to learn more about their numbers,

orbits and physical characteristics.

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&*T*O+ 

& meteor is a bri!ht streak of li!ht in the sky (a Ishootin! starI or a Ifallin! starI) produced

 by the entry of a small meteoroid into the ?arths atmosphere. f you ha"e a dark clear sky

you will probably see a few per hour on an a"era!e ni!ht durin! one of the annual meteor 

showers you may see as many as 00@hour. Eery bri!ht meteors are known as fireballs if you

see one please report it.

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CO&*T

& comet is an icy body that releases !as or dust. hey are often compared to dirty snowballs,

thou!h recent research has led some scientists to call them snowy dirtballs. ;omets contain

dust, ice, carbon dioide, ammonia, methane and more. &stronomers think comets are

lefto"ers from the !as, dust, ice and rocks that initially formed the solar system about /.6

 billion years a!o.

+ome researchers think comets mi!ht ha"e ori!inally brou!ht some of the water and or!anic

molecules to ?arth that now make up life here. o research this hypothesis, the 1osetta

mission, which landed a probe on a comet on No". 2, 20/, is studyin! its nucleus and

en"ironment, obser"in! how it chan!es as it approaches the sun.

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GO%A/A+I +I/*+ 

he #oda"ari 1i"er is the second lon!est ri"er in ndia after the ri"er #an!es ha"in! its

source at ryambakeshwar, Maharashtra. t starts in Maharashtra and flows east for ,/65

kilometres (:0 mi) emptyin! into Bay of Ben!al drainin! the ndian states Maharashtra

(/9.6D), elan!ana( 9.9D), &ndhra Pradesh (/.5D), ;hhattis!arh (0.:D), Madhya Pradesh

(0.0D), Fdisha (5.8D) and <arnataka (./D) throu!h its etensi"e network of tributaries.

Measurin! up to a sta!!erin! 4,2,92 km2, it forms one of the lar!est ri"er basins in ndia,

only the #an!es and ndus (within ndian borders) ri"ers ha"e a draina!e basin lar!er than it.

n terms of len!th, catchment area and dischar!e, the #oda"ari ri"er is the lar!est in

 peninsular ndia and had been dubbed as the 3akshina #an!a A the +outh #an!es ri"er.

he ri"er has been mentioned in $indu scriptures since many millennia and continues to

harbour and nourish rich cultural herita!es. n the past few decades, the ri"er has been abused

with relentless construction of barra!es and dams. he ri"er delta, supportin! 82: persons@

km2 A nearly twice the density a"era!e for the nation, has been cate!orised as ha"in!

substantial risk to !reater risk of floodin! with risin! sea le"els.

he study found that the delta is at a !reater risk as the rate of sediment a!!radation (raisin!

the le"el of the delta throu!h sediment deposition) no lon!er eceeds relati"e seaAle"el rise. t

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further states that the suspended sediment load at the delta has reduced from 50S2 million

tons durin! :80H:8: to 58S2 million tons by 2000H2006, which translates into a threeAfold

decline in the past / decades. mpacts of this can be seen in destroyed "illa!es like ppada in

#oda"ari delta, destruction of Man!ro"e forests and fra!mentation of shoreline A possibly a

fallout of dam construction.

+aid to further epitomise the insensiti"ity towards #oda"ari, is the Pola"aram ProGect which

is touted to be !i!antic A both in terms of si*e and "iolations. 3eemed as bein! pointless and

 politically dri"en, the proGect raises -uestions about en"ironmental clearance, displacement of 

upstream human habitations, loss of forest co"er, technicalities in the dam desi!n which are

said to play down flood threats and unsafe embankments.

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%udhsa(ar ,alls7 Somesh)ar

ocated at a panoramic place, 3udhsa!ar %aterfalls in +omeshwar is re!arded as one amon!

the best in the entire world itself. his cascadin! falls is a fa"ourite picnic spot in the city,

which offers picture book scenery. he waterfalls reach its *enith durin! monsoon season

when the cascade displays plenty of water in it. he 0Ameter stretch of this cascade is often

crowed with people. &nother remarkable fact about this lo"ely falls is its creamy white water 

that !ot its name 3udhsa!ar. ;ar"ed steps on the rocks makes access to the top of this lo"ely

spot easy.

he atitude of +omeshwar is 6.:59/409. he on!itude of +omeshwar is

84.45/958000000. he atitude and on!itude of +omeshwar is 6.:59/409

84.45/958000000 respecti"ely. 6.:59/409 atitude and 84.45/958000000 on!itude

can be mapped to closest address of +omeshwar, +omeshwar, , ndia.