CONSERVJl.TION PLAN FOR No 30 HARRINGTON...

, , ','

CONSERVJl.TION PLAN

FOR

No 30 HARRINGTON STREET

THE ROCKS

Prepared by:

Jim Stephany Neridah Wyatt-Spratt September, 1986.

.1

LIST OF CONTENTS

Page

1.0 Introduction 1

1.1 Background 1.2 Limitations 1.3 Boundary of study 1.4 Methodology

2.0 Analysis of Documentary Evidence

2.1 The Western side of Sydney Cove 1788-1810 2.2 The Greenway Connection 2.3 William Reynolds 2.4 The Reynolds Sibling 2.5 Landlords and Tenants 1869-1890 2.6 Till the Turn of the Century 1890-1900 2.7 The Plague to the Present

3.0

List of HistoriCal Illustrations and Documents List of Historical Maps

Analysis of Physical Evidence

3.1 Phase One 1788-1830 3.2 Phase Two 3.3 Phase Three 3.4 Phase Four 3.5 Phase Five 3.6 Yard and Laneway

Drawing Nos. 01-10

4.0 Unsolved Problems

4.1 Investigation of Documentary Evidence 4.2 Investigation of Physical Evidence

5.0 Statement of Significance

5.1 Graded Zones of Significance 5.2 Constraints Arising out of Physical

Condition of the Place

6.0

6.1

6.2

Draft Conservation Plan

Application of Policy to No. 30 Harrington Street Recommendations for Future Use

2

10 '.

13

13

16

1 !

Appendices

Appendix One

Appendix Two

Appendix Three

Appendix Four

Appendix Five

Preliminary Report on Reynolds Cottage 30 Harrington street

Street Number Changes for ., Harrington Street

Documentation of Physical Evidence

Report on Mortar Samples Reynolds Cottage

Report on Structural Conditions of No. 30 Harrington Street

· . ..

I 11 I 11 I I

• => , • i

11

1.0 INTRODUCTION

1.1 Background

The. Rocks presents an accumulated urban landscape through which can be traced the inception of the colony a~d its subsequent growth. No. 30 Harrington Street is considered to be one of the oldest buildings within the Sydney district. This simple two storey, Colonial Georgian dwelling was used eor a combination of domestic and commercial purpose,::;.

The Rocks came under the control of the Sydney Cove Redevelopment Authority in 1970 and is listed as a Conservation Area by the Australian Heritage Commission in its Register of the National Estate. The Authority has a charter to restore, renovate and redevelop the area, while undertaking worthwhile preservation and restoration.

As part of the Authority's on going programme, No. 30 was scheduled into the Capital Works Programme for 1986/87. Initial investigation has been carried ou~, in relation to the condition and stability of the building prior to a proposal for the development of the site as it stands.[l] During these investigations and as a result of discussions between the Authority, Heritage Council and National Trust it was concluded that a conservation plan should be prepared for this site.

1.2 Limitations

The preparation of this report was limited by the following:-

1. 2.1

1. 2.2

Physical intervention on the fabric of Lhe building, was limited to superficial disturbance of the floors and walls for sampling purposes and to determine their construction.

No archaeological investigation was carried out on this site.

1.3 Boundary of Study

The boundary. of the study is the present site of No. 30 Harrington Street, The Rocks. Several aspects of Nos. 28 and 32 have been included where they are relevant.

In parts of the historical analysis of this site the area bounded by Harrington, Argyle and George Streets and Suez Canal has been referred to so as to place the cottage into its historical context.

1.4 Methodology

This report follows the format set out in J.S. Kerr, The Conservation Plan, The National Trust of Australia (N.S.W.), 1985, and in Guidelines to the Burra Charter - Conservation Policy, ICOMOS Australia, Draft 16 February, 1985.

1. See appendix one for further details.

I I SNYOPSIS

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

One of the oldest surviving domestic dwellings in The Rocks

is No.30 Harrington Street, c.1830. Only Cadmans Cottage

survives to pre-date this cottage built by William Reynolds,

an Irish Catholic blacksmith. It is also one of the rare

examples of small scale Colonial Georgian architecture to

be found in Sydney.

Both the original house and subsequent additions reflect the

changing social and economic position of the Reynolds. The

building demonstrates the way in which the house was redesigned

and adapted to suit changes in use. The range of nineteenth

century techniques and materia'ls clearly illustrates a

dramatic change in the standard and quality of work.

No.30 Harrington Street is an integral part of a streetscape

that has a unity of scale typifying the historic landscape

of The Rocks. It is significant building because of its age,

its intactness to the point that elements of the original

building have survived, and its ability to demonstrate its

history in its fabric.

.or .....

~ ','.

\', -,

t" :,_ ~ "'.

s

, -...,

- 2 -

2.0 ANALYSIS OF DOCUMENTARY EVIDENCE

2.1 The Western Side of Sydney Cove 1788-1810

David Collins in his Account of the Colony of New South Wales, records that the main body of convicts were settled on the western side of Sydney Cove. [2] They were soon moved to be replaced by the tents of the sick whose numbers increased daily. In March 1788, Governor Phillip returning from an exploratory journey to Botany Bay, found upwards of two hundred patients under the surgeons care.[3] He resolved that this worsening situation necessitated the construction of a building for the reception of the sick.[4] A convict sketch and description of the settlement three months after the landing described the western side of the Cove from north to south as being occupied by "the house and garden of Lieutenant Bell, the General Hospital and garden, the bake house and women's camp". [5] It is in the north west corner of the hospital grounds that No. 30 Harrington was built.

The Hospital dispensary and house for the Principal Surgeon were built of brick. "The brick layers having finished the judge advocate's house were employed in building a dispensary on the west side contiguous to the hospital. [6]

This complex was to be divided into a dispensary, a ward for the troops and a second ward for the convicts, the latter structure being constructed in wood with a shingled roof.

By 1792, High Street - later to become Sergeant Major's Row, then George Street - appears to be a defined "1:"oadway". James Meehan's plan of the Town of Sydney in 1807 shows little variation to the western side of Sydney Cove as described above. (Map 1). A residence for the Assistant Surgeons [7] had been erected at the northern end of the hospital complex. In the year 1810 Governor Macquarie stated that the hospital and grounds' had been much improved. (Illustration 1).

2.2 The Greenway Connection

Francis Howard Greenway arrived in the colony of New South Wales in February 1814 as a convict. [8] In November of this year he was appointed Acting Civil Architect - the first in the colony. In 1815 Governor Macquarie allowed

2. Collins, David Account of an English Colony in New South Wales, Vol. 1, 1798, 5.

3. IBid. The Surgeon General at the time of the First Fleet sick tents was John White.

4. Ibid. 5. This sketch and description possibly done by Francis Fowles

Sydney Takes Shape. * The following paragraphs, concern the block bounded by

Argyle and Globe Streets, George and Harrington Streets. This information places the site of No. 30 Harrington into

1 , its historical context. II 6. Collins. op. cit p.77. 7. Shown as Assistant Surveyor on Meehan's plan. 8. Having been convicted and sentenced for forging an

\' endorsement on a contract.

!Jf----~--

tI Lt 11

•

,I

- 3 -

Greenway and his family to take possession of the house and grounds of the former Assistant Colonial Surgeon, Dr. Redfern at 84 George Street.[9]- 8reenway claims to have possessed an endorsement which stated the following:

"Mr. Greenway proposes as Governor Macquarie has given him the ground according to the above plan - the plan showed a draft elevation of a building situated near the south side of Argyle Street between George and Har:.ington.[lO] An endorsement seemingly in Macquarie's handwriting approving the above dated 22 August, 1820 has disappeared. [11] So there is no surviving documentary evidence that would support Greenways legal claim to the above property. In fact , soon after commencing construction of his new residency, Greenway was told not to proceed, on the grounds that the land given to him was required for the use of the Government. [12,13j

Harper's plan of 1822 shows no additional structures on this block of land. (Map 2). The historical records of the following year state that an allotment of land bounded by Argyle and Harrington Street, Harrington Lane to the south and Greenway's residency to the east was leased to John Gleeson a labourer by His Excellency Sir Thomas Brisbane on 3 Jun~J 1823, for a period of twenty-one years.[14]. By

~ June"30, 1826, Gleeson conveyed his lease to Thomas Rvan, Chief-~lerk in the Principal Superintendent of convicis Office.(15] There appears to be no offici&l evidence for the registration of this transfer.

2.3 William Reynolds

9 .

10.

ll. 12. 13.

14. 15.

William Reynolds arrived in Sydney from Dublin in November, 1817 under life sentence. A blacksmith by trade he had received his Ticket of Leave prior t,o 1826, when permission was given for his marriage to Ann Clarke; a conditional· pardon was granted in 1835.[16] The November Census of 1828 records William and Ann Reynolds residing in Sussex Street and Napoleon Street.[17]

It seems the land was to be given to him not so much as a reward but to enable him to effect certain improvements as desired by Governor Macquarie. Ellis. M.H., Francis Greenway His Life and Times, 1949 p.219. Ibid. Ibid. 220. Attempt after attempt to part Greenway from this property failed chiefly out of compassion and the fact that no Government had immediate need for the land. Lands Department, Old System Title Book 52, No. 452. Gleeson and Ryan were sentenced to transportation in Tipperary, Ireland for different offences and arrived in Sydney together on the ship, Pilot in Jul~1817. Johnson. K. RAHS nevlsletter June/1972, p.3.

16. Ibid. / 17. Ibid. p. 4 .

,~

, t , , , • I

• • • • tI 11 11 11 tI tI , -' ~-I

18. 19. 20. 21.

22. 23.

- 4 -

In October, 1830 William Reynolds purchased land from Thomas Ryan for 100 pounds of lawful money of Great Britain.

The land was described as:

"All that plot or parcel of land or ground situate lying and being on the east side of Harrington Street in Town of Sydney containing in front to Harrington Street 68 feet and running in rear or depth backwards

- on the north 35 feet 6 inches. On a level line to the south 26 feet 6 inches ..... "

In January of the same year Ryan had sold the site on the corner of Argyle and Har~ington Streets to Frederick William Unwin, a solicitor for five hundred pounds sterling. This property was described as containing a stone built tenement or dwelling house. [18] Unwin in turn leased these premises for a decade or more to Caleb Salter who conducted a Public House called the Kings Head. [19] (Map 3).

When Allotment two of Section 84 was measured by Robert Russell in 1834 the allotment was claimed by.Francis Howard Greenway and' William Reynolds respectively .. (Map 3). Both Russell's plan and the Register of cases for the court of Claims, details the fact that Greenway was claiming ownership of this and other allotments in the area.[20] As ,discussed previously there is no official document to substantiate this, a fact which was recognised by the Government in April of that year when the Sheriff entered onto the land and evicted the Greenways giving possession to the Crown.

The~fore-mentioned Register of Claims states the claimants of Section 84 Allotment 2 as Rosetta Terry and others of Sydney represented by the attorneys Unwin & Mort.(21] Rosetta and Samuel Terry were also claiming the rights to Allotment One of the above section. The court reported in their favour for the latter allotment in 1841 subject, to the payment of a fine to the Crown for an encroachment of eight feet over the proposed property line. It is for this and no other reason that they have been officially recorded as claiming 'for Allotment 2.

The Reynolds had occupied the premises in Harrington Street since the 183Q)~, however, it was not until 1838 that the land title was officially gazetted. Little information can be found which details the lifestyle of the Reynolds family ... It was known he was a blacksmith, by an advertisement in the Australian which stated that a whitesmith had been assigned to one William Reynolds of Harrington Street.(22,23]

Ibid, p.3. Ibid. See Robert Russell 1834 - detail. Register of Cases for the Court of Claims Case No. 324: State Archives Office 2/2369. The Australian 3 April~1838. The Sydney Herald, 20 December, 1832 records th~ death of the wife of William Reynold, blacksmith of Harrlngton Street.

?

fI , , , ~ Ii 'I II II II II II II II II

'I II .1 !I

24.

25.

26.

- 5 -

On 25 February, 1841 a certified grant from the Crown was given to William Reynolds for ten perches of land in Harrington Street.[24] Following the death of 'William Reynolds on 24 April, 1841, his land and properties passed to his children, a son Mauric~ who became a solicitor and his daughter Margaret. The executor of Reynolds will was Michael Cannon, the licensee of t~e New York Hotel on the corner of Argyle and Harrington Streets. Cannon resided on

. the site of Greenway's house which had jUst been demolished.[~5J '

The premises in Harrington Street were leased immediately to Mathias Hooper, who had taken over the Public House. The Kings Head from Caleb Salter. [26] On 29 April, 184i, The Australian records the following:

"To ENGINEERS, MILLWRIGHTS AND FARMERS Mr. Blackman will sell by AUction on Monday, 3rd day of May, the stock in trade household furniture and the effects of the late Mr. William Reynolds by order of the executor Mr. Michael Cannon on the premises lately occupied by Mr. Reynolds, situate in Harrington Street, near the Customs House. .,

The Stock-in-Trade Consisting of iron ploughs, cheese presses, anchors, chain cables and several models of machinery worthy of the attention of millwrights machinists and ironmongers.

Also The household furniture, horses, gig cart and harness and about 100 tons of hay now in Stock at Kissing Point.

Terms: All purchases above £30 cash - by approved bills at 3 months".

Terms at Sale

The Australian 13/5/1841

NOTICE: - All outstanding debts against estate of the late William Reynolds of Harrington Street Sydney are requested to be sent into Mr. Michael Gannon Argyle Street for liquidation on or before the 1st June next and all those who stand indebted to said estate either by promissory.note or book debt will please to settle the same with me, on or before the 1st June.

13/5/1841 Michael Gannon, Executor

This grant was registered in 1855 and granted by Governor Gipps. See Doc. 1. A carpenter by trade, he worked from Cambridge Street in the 1820's while in the 1830's he was a builder and undertaker at 34 Gloucester Street. Thomas Ryan replaced Cannon as trustee of William Reynolds will and of the Harrington Street premises in 1847. Johnson, op cit; 4. Ibid.

/:

I f

, , , Ii , ,. , 11 11 ~

-IJ· la li II II II II II II ·:1

- 6 -

2.4 The Reynolds Siblings

There appears to be limited information concerning the siblings Maurice and Margaret Reynolds, except that they seemed uninterested in remaining in The Rocks neighbourhood. They travelled to England together and returned to Sydney in 1843.[27J From 1845 onwards the City Council began to rate or assess properties within the Sydney area. The first year of the rate records shows that the Reynolds family owned additional premises in the lanewav to the south of the above menti0ned property. These premi~es were inspected by the Sewerage and Health Board Commissioners and were described as:

"five houses containing two rooms rented at .a week ...... badly ventilated, although most of the windows are broken .... The first was dirty, the second filthy and the third disgustingly offensive ..... on the ground floor were several drunken women Other two houses occupied by families and kept clean - there is only one water closet for the five housesfl.[28J

What today are ~os. 28 to 30 were described as two, two storeyed, stone and shingled houses, each with four rooms and the necessary outhouses. The major difference to these with No.32 is that the latter was constructed in wood.

From north to south the occupants of these premises from 1848-1850 were Edward Buyers, a partner in the company Buyers and Lockhead \\Those off ices h'ere';~~earby, Edward \'lye and William Calder.[29J By 1852 there had been only one tenant change, the centre dwelling being leased to Charles P , • rlce.

Although these premises continued to be tenanted, it is evident from the land title records that the Reynolds were either poor financial managers or lived beyond their means. On 29 July, 1850 Maurice and Margaret Reynolds mortgaged the Harrington Street premises to John Brown esquire. [30J On 22 December, 1854 this mortgage was surrendered to the Reynolds yet eight days later a second mortgage with John Brown was registered. By October~ 1857, the records state that "Maurice Reynolds of 229 George Street and his sister Margaret had paid the sum of 425 pounds to John Brown". The money being that which vias owing from the mortgage of 1854.[31J

According to the Assessment books for the period 1853-58 one additional room is recorded in No. 28 and two in No. 30. From 1855 onwards, No.32 is described as a shop and dwelling. Along with Charles Price other tenants included Charles Murphy and Robert Cameron. On the corner of Argyle Street Rosetta Terry with tenant Honoria Douglas ran a two storey, twelve roomed licensed boarding house.

27. Ibid. 28. Sydney City and Suburban Sewerage and Health Board 11th

Progress Report 1875-76. 29. Assessment Book Harrington Street 1845,1848,1849. 30. Land Application Package, 4330 Lands Department. 31. Ibid.

~ .. ::

11

11 11

I , , 11 , 11 fI 11 11 11 11 PI I

11 11 ',I

- 7 -

Financial difficulties once again had the Reynolds, mortgaging the Harrington street premises. This time with civil engineer and surveyor Charles Edmund Langley of Crown Street and George Stabler _a merchant of 18 Kent Street for the sum of 1, 200 pounds. [ 32] .

2.5 Landlords and Tenants 1860-1890

The Harrington Street.premises formed part of the insolvent estate of Maurice Reynold of Eurwond, when it was sequestrated in 1860.[33] The market value of the property was considered to be about three thousand pounds at that time. It included No. 28-32 a house and adjoining land facing George Street and various small brick and stone houses in Reynolds Lane - now Suez Canal. [34J The latter properties in 1863 were described as unoccupied and "much out of repair' [35J although Maurice Reynolds is still recorded as the owner/landlord. However, the premises facing onto Harrington Street were now the property of William Scoles and he remained the owner until 1890. No. 32 operated as' a general store and grocery run by John Minett -until 1865, it was described asbout of repa~~~in 1863.

During this period the houses in Harrington Street were occupied by several long term tenants.

Joseph Day a mariner, lived in No. 28 from 1867 to 1879 after which time his wife Mary Ann is recorded as a laundress and lessee. She remained until 1882 while another member a~d the last occupier of the Day family, Edward, stayed till 1895.

John Scoles who is recorded as being a labourer, porter and carter over various years, leased No. 30 from 1866-1875. From 1879 to 1885 the occupant was John Cannon.

No. 32 was leased· to Mrs. Margaret Brennan from 1869 to 1879. During this time the shop operated continuously as a green grocery until 1880 when for two years, George McKay a bookbinder took up residence. From 1882 it was again a grocery shop run by Patrick Fahey.

One point is unclear from the historical records during this period. In January/ 1865 George Habler died and his will dating from 1850 conveyed his possessions after paying his debts and funeral costs to his wife Elizabeth Esther Habler. [36] On ,.~ovember (ID, 1870 Margaret Reynolds, st'ill in

" .....

32. Lands Department Old System Title No. 453 Book 52. 33. Johnson. Ibid p.60 Maurice Reynolds was discharged from

bankruptcy and died in 1878. 34. Ibid. 35. Assessment Books Harrington Street 1863. 36. Lands Department opp cit.

x "

, ~ ~ , , • • • • • • • • • -~ ~ • -~

• I

- 8 -

debt conveyed her remaining interest in the Harrington Street properties to Mrs. Habler and John Blacklard the . , latter from Ryde & Paramatta Rlver was the ~rustee of George Habler.[37] Problems arose becau~e according to the Assessment Books and as previously stated, William Scoles is noted as the owner of Nos. 28-32 Harrington Street in 1867 yet all the land title records consulted up to 1874 give no mention of a William Scoles.[38]

Another uncertainty within this periof that is unclear from the histurical records concerns No.32. This wooden two storey shop and dwelling at some stage was converted·to a rendered brick structure with an iron roof. The conversion occured somewhere between 1880 and 1891. The one anomally being that the Assessment Book of 1880 records No. 32 as having been converted yet in 1882 the original structure is described. [38] The main difficulty in obtaining a precise date for this conversion is the fact that the Council did not access properties in The Rocks area again until 1891. when a brick iron house was recorded.

2.6 Till the Turn of the century 1890-1900

In 1891 grocer~Patrick Fahey)the tenant of No. 32 1 is recorded as the new landlord of the Harrington Street premises. He·remained the owner until post 1900 after which time the New South Wales Government resumed ~he land as part of an overall plan for the Darling Harbour and Rocks area.

While Fahey continued to operate his grocery from No. 32 he leased No. 30 to Mr. and Mrs. Andrew Whilton from 1S91 to 1900. No. 28 was occupied continuously by Edward Day then Orr Williams until 1897 when the house is recorded as vacant. This situation remained until 1899 when Victor Josephson leased the property.

2.7 The Plague to the Present

At the turn of the century the plague hit Sydney and in particular, The Rocks. Residents of the area were quarantined and required by the.City Council to remain within set barricades, where they worked, cleansing, lime-washing, burning and in some cases demolishing houses. No. 30 like many nineteenth century houses in the area was built without damp coursing and cavity walls with the result that they were usually effected by rising damp. with the advent of the plague, earth was often placed under the floors to overcome the problem of plague carrying rats, this may explain the absence of sub-floor ventila~ion at the rear of this dwelling.

37. In legal terms the Conveyance of Equity of Redemption in Lot 2 Section 84 Harrington Street Lands Department Old System Title No. 506. 1873.

38. It appears that there must be some connection between Mrs. Halber and Mr. Scoles and perhaps a more intense search through the Land Title records might reveal this link.

- 9 -

In 1901 the Sydney Harbour Trust was established to maintain and manage the areas resumed by the Government, which were then leased. From 1902-1906 Patrick Fahey continued to tenant No. 32 while Ellen Sedgwick and John Coults leased No. 30 and 28 respectively.

In 1909 a Royal Commission for the Improvement of the City of Sydney recommended that Harrington Street along with others in The Rocks be widened and straightened. Following the recomm~ndations of this report, the level of ~arringto~ Street was raised with the result that the entrance doorway of No. 30 was similarly raised necessitating the addition of two steps down into the dwelling. A precise date for this road elevation is uncertain. A photograph of Harrington Street in 1900 clearly indicates that the work does not pre-date the 1909 report. (Illustration 2).

The properties in Harrington Street continued to be leased although for a number of intermittent years No. 32 was recorded as vacant. In 1914 John Coutts was still the tenant of No. 28 while George Henry occupied No. 30. By 1921 Coutts had been replaced by Edwin J. Brannigan while Mr. Henry remained the tenant until the 1936~s.

In the early 1930's the Maritime Services Board replaced the Sydney Harbour Trust as the landlords of The Rocks. In 1939 the tenants in Harrington Street were, at No. 28 Mr. A. Moot, No. 30 Mr. C. Cordon and Mr. Telcatt occupied No. 32.

~~ In 1970~Sydney Cove Redevelop~ent Authori~y ~as established. Properties in The Rocks continued to be leased, Nos. 30-32 being tenanted until SeptemberA 1984, while No. 28 as it has for several years, functions as a restaurant.

, , , fI

• fI

• • • • • ra

• , " Ii , .VI , t

Illus 1

Illus 2

Doc 1

Doc 2

LIST OF HISTORICAL ILLUSTRATIONS AND DOCUMENTS

Eyre, John, View of the west side of Sydney Cove 1806. The hospital buildings are in the middle ground of this sketch and the fence represents the block now bounded by George, Argyle and Harrington Streets.

Harrington Street, east side looking south from Argyle Street, c1901. Tyrell Collection

Copy of the Town Grant to William Reynolds for the properties in Harrington Street, 25 Februray 1841. Signed by Governor Gipps. Land Titiles Office

I

Copy of the Application Package for No 30 . Harrington Street, The Rocks. Land Tittles Office )

x.

x

I , I i i.

I

I

H i-J

t-' C (fl

_ ... ------ - -

____________________________ ~3 __ ""'"" .. "_ •• L''_'_.'_'_ •• '_'_ .. '_' .. ''''>.::.: •• .:. •• ::.. •• :..:.~"_'_ •• _ •• _ •• _~_._."_. _"_"_"_"_'«_V_J_"_'~_'_' __________ _

- - - - -DG XV1/26

\;--

IP-IP-............... ~ ................. s&

.-I'

\ "\.i W - .:1

[ I

!or\

;;:;;.-_. /7 cnmt~;4#;~/~~~'r:;1;~rct~riEl ~v Ihe Sr." ar Gall ar Ih. trrr£t.lI i!l(rrgllam af lUT£'-bV ~!~h/.~L. A W ___ ._ ~ .GruI :l:lrU.in 'nll "'"I.nll. (!l.U.UI.13.(tll'tHr TOWN. 'df,dlt'%"--- af tfi.;'faCth • • nll la Carlh; •

AC. - It- 9'crP• -'-- '(!fo nil la lur.a", In ... l.Srt4tlll~ lff •• ll .am •• e>rrttCrrJf:-KNolr YE, That. in order 10. promute the £S1:lblisltmcDl oC Towns ill Our Territory or NEW SoUTIl W.ALES, And in cooshJeration : of the QUII.rent )lcrelDaftcr resw~~dJ " of Our SJleer~ G~ceJ Ittv& GM.A.NTED. :a.nd ror Us, Our Heirs aud Succ~~ou •. Do J,bI.tl1y GRA~! uglo ZZ//,p'di;,;;;7,-';!.'/?/I/://dt.'i::/',/ . oC::/ffl' Ill'" "15:/': /1/e"0.G' -~-z::::,~/ la ~ ... f I1cirs :aDd Assii:ns, subject (0 the Conditions, R.esernuoDs, :I,~d ProYls.o~.0lcrCI~CI~~/~Dtiooe(Jpl\.LL ·flU,7J\1J0Imenl.or Parcel o( L~l1d, in Onrsaid Territory, cool:lioiD~by :au9}e:aslllcmcnt f!/1'/t!·r.rA"r/~I'A"/ fi.------r.;. '. /"/'" situ2JJ::d in O,e Town oC •

e/-/,N7--:(C'Y _? P.,ish or,4/{',<///:; ~.;:;,;. j'/--z;; Co.IIDly or(.Yi//,!{.j].f/'/:'i:/o«'/ , A~olmc~:;..&/ c .... r· .. - uC Section No ~ ~~~ /..!S~~J~': Cl .J 1 wrpc J < ~ / //.//1'

~/-/// ,Yi0~/-'iJ;.;r'/ut/rf2/~~;;~;:;<"J-7~;//,-,d:-/t/az!/'a/:;·c"r.,v/,~"'a>,.I"c:'~. ~: t:;// 1 //.' ""£r1:'.(~" i 51 .' 4u/ r:;.c,.ff'rl.t /" ",,~ /v-/L'" # rr./ ~/-/:;&////0-'7.-,/ t'rf:.// !7/"". ;(;/?/ ct"';- ,.,.,/.-., /h'l/I~' Of/ff' a./ /Tt'? ~//./r:'~./

//'./ , /./ /? .«" '. , . /-/.>. /:,.RP' / /' .. /" /- , /? /fir ,../~t'I'/.H. C)P' // c///(y'at'I'I~M/~/~ -/?'!/d ",;f{""'?//-':/('// ? ::'//1.:' '1'1'

(f'r,(/ t.'0;; ;:7.J..:,.., ("~'(/-/h:.,;J;;1f ~c/-// 4:-/& .~;J../£;-[r~:~./ ,--. "<"" «/6'4/£''';::./7// ;:/'£:"h/~/F! '/7:1 r.t''' q.~~/ r1)'u!/...h~.// m7<~ _ ,; k~a'f//J

··~fi~o{-~r////d c7A g/" 7r'//A4. ·/7.t'o//~.y a",.//(0h//o/./ ~/"-'4~J~ 1-"~/ j/t7/././l?'~';·~--;hh.: 1://///,1'.; t? g;,/",~t'/,/./Y'/.~t"/!-'&Z,"//",~·

. -. /? pt h 0;> //j/./" /~ £" ,/-~

i /r,/ #'/# z.Cv /.i'~d//~J /"1'2:' e/; /'/ '/ #///~.h .. ',y" /;{e--:.t:? ?.,,,.-/ ///-0,,/ '- 'r'ff,/r'C''(': /P' E I/?P '/ ~ # @ , '/'7 /AO . p7- -.I} .M' h- I (/ "(<,;~./<, /J/ vy....:.:7Tt::d' ?rr,,-/';;' //"j/ c' -1f: "?>'/<#'7/r'/7,/ &cI'7~,/pa,~,:/'#/, -0--' :? Vt't'/L'i

, , ~~il .n.tJ}e)\i~hls 3U\1'.1:cpu'leu.nc~"]J'I"'.Y.: Ihe,clu ~eluD~i~~; Za 'JJalll UDlu lIoe »idtt'Ia,//::Jf:"//,,,(? /~r ~ . kr/!:-a//.v ,:7!/r'/;!/I't'ccn '. . ,,,,'?/d hl'd U.if~.u,I·" =": ~ ~ ._.sS~us for CV?,/" )"lE~DI.Su' :lud P'ying 11Iere("!re Y~nly uolo Us! Our IJeir:i J.l\d Successors. the <l;uil-Ilent o~ Sum oC . ~ '2/(.'// .-/'//r/;;-//4"'/' ./. . SI.rI'D~,f,OtU ... \.. the First 1hy of July/' One thousaud ei;:hl hund~;l.l auu "z/fY'"I/f' ·J/.t://L '/ :uotil the Thirlieth

I~ ~. '- Day of Juue, Que thou~~P4 pp!!' huudrctl :11111 ///1'17//c,C/- .... _, bot!, .... inclusive, anu tiuiuct!foflh ~,,:::. \', Ihe SUID of cd/~~' .• ..,;//(U,,~(1d' - ..,./.. ·,.4C / c) -~,«.,..----~ ~. . Sterlin:, yearly for erer: eft cS.onl1itian. Th3! the nit! /JI/.t"IiI't7 //t/., .J//'f'(///a .... / ---\..\ \1 . . ~ ~c h L,/ Jl~irs, or As:.i~n:), ," '" or soml,) ofthcl1I, llo and shall "ilhin~~£4 -- yC'3r .... fi'rom·lhe doltll hereof. crecl. or C2USC).u p..: creclt:tI, a per-\. mancnl J)'VCllillg-hlJ!l:'c. Slurc. or olis('r suil;,;hlo Hlljhl~lI~ lIpun tha uill l.;u\ll. uf the full Y.lluo of ... .:../r-7/, --

l'u1II1I1:t Slcrliu;: ur upwlICllJI: AN., TUAT //.,. _%11111 Ihuy It.., Jlutl 1I11I~III·ulI'llrUcl 11}01M:r J)r:aill~ Iht/Ju~11 :'1111 {rollllhes:ame L:UHI lolho n('arest CUIUUlOU Urai!I, ur Sewcr; A~D ,,\).:;0 TUA·r·· //1'" _ auu they tlo :lIlU sh:loll iD o\"ery rcsfW1ct and at all tiU1CS herel(l~r, cOllfurm to the Goveromcnt fil'g'ulalions fUf the Lime-bdc;" :1OU 10 the l.aws allcl R'!DI~tiops 110" or heua(ler to ue in furce (or the ~tter re:ubiliug the Alignment of the Strcet:i in the s:1itl Town of ... , '/(/I'T//I"¥--- ; 3.Jeobilltlf NtUrrn,clr5~. A:w WI:: DO IIJ.:IIEUY Jh.sl:.lty& unlo Us, Our lJcirsalHJ SucceSSOU. f~lr power.Jtr UH, or Onr SuccC!>SO~. or fur the Govcrnor fur the time hcin:; of Our saidl'erritory, to resulIIe:lIul uke possession of alrer ~lIy put of the said l.:lIId. which m~y be rr..."quired ~t any time or times lu!re:lftcr, fIJr the improvcment of the said Tuwn, or for any Puhlic Purlt'.l:ioC, Tu·dYe Caleutl:tr Months Netice of it:. being se required, beiug' prcviou.dy giveD in the GOl:t:rmllenl Ga=elle or othct\yisc, and tho V:atUI;! of thc SAid L~ud, or of so much thereof as shall he so required, :lcd of any DuiltJiu:; staodin;; on the uiu require,l l.2uo, heln; r"id by the Governmtnt to the P.uty cutit!ed tberctu, at:1 ValnatioD fixed by Arbiunlori dlOlcn as hereiaafter mentioned; AND 'VG DO ALSO R£SEILY& unto Us, Our Heirs, :lDd Successors, and to the Governor for dIe lime beiug of Our said Territory, by such person or persons ~u sh:alt be duly authorised in Ih:a1 behalf, fult power 10 lI1Jk.e :lnd condocl throo:;h the said LaDd. all Common or Public Drains and Sewers which "12y be deemed expedieot, Three C:J.leocbr Months Noticu bein:;- previously ~iveu 10 tho Occupier or Owner thercof, :loud tbll D.lmlge which 211Y llllilding m~y Sust::liD thereby bcin:;p:aid (or by the Go,oernmeull') tho Parly entitled thereto, at 2 Y:lluation fixell hy Arbilralors 01<;; :Iofores:lid; ANn \Vb DO llSlltD\" DEer.An}:, Ih:ll iD cyery C:lSC of Arbilutiun lTllich nuy :Irise t1l!lIcr :'011 by virtuQ hereof, Oue Arhilr210r shall bll chosen by Ihe Governor for the time beiD: of Our s2id T('trilorr, and One by the then Owner or Owuers of the Slid und, which hfO Arbitntors (beforo th.q cute: upon fhe uid Arhilr;,;tioll) shall elect:a. Third :IS Umpire, whu shall oetermiuo :any disagreement between tho '1"uo said Arbilr.llors i Uut if lhe Owner or Owners of the s2id Laud sh:111 refuso or neglect 10

choOJO an Arbitrator on hii, her. Of tboir pJrl, within Ono CollcllltM Month :t.flllr heing rcqtlircll so 10 du, hy Public Advertisement iu Iha Goucnwwtl Ga::dlc, or utherwi$e, then hulh Aruitr:&tor.:l 1oh:111 bu chosen lJy Iho GOl'crnur fur the time bein~ of Our sJ.id Tcrrilory~ which Arbitr~lors shall :lJ:;o clect an UUJpirll in the ntJ.llner ahovo mentioned; ~Jt'abittelJ' ntwil!J~, TU.1.T if the afures::titl Quit.reol sh::tllbo :at 2ny time unluid for the sp::t.ce of Twenty Days after Ihd S2.mo sh:lll bccomo tlue (.t!though nu formal dem:1ncJ $hlll h:lYO heen lI\=l.cltl thereof) it sh:dl bo l:1wf1ll (\.Ir U", Our Heirs, ,1Ild Successors, or Ihe Guveruor fur lbe limo lk!iu{; of Uur S:lid Territory,o.r uther Per:W1l duly :authurisell in Ih~t behalf, h) rc-enter upon the sail.l LaDU~ or 20Y part theroof, \vilh its Appllrtenancei:. antI thence to r~mo\'o lhll said Gr2utee, 11.'-,/ Heirs, :l,ml Assi::;ns. =tnt! to huld the slme, ::tnd Ihe Ile1l13, Issues, :lod Prufi13 thereuf, lu 113.,00, no'Cl!ivo. :lncl take to niul (oe

" , tho use of Us, Our lIoirs, and SIICCelSOr~, until Wo or Thuy shall lllere\yilh ancl thereby be fully pJid :loll satisfi(Hl th~ \ ~, Quit.root clue Ihert.'OII, ::lntl cvery part thereof, .and :'Ill arrl!ars or (ho s::uno duI). at the tilll!! of Our s:1i<l entrYI or which sl",11 \ ~ ,,2ccrue uue durillg the lime or Our po!Sessioll by virtue Ihereof, tot:t!lher with nil costs aDd cliuge3 2uendin;; the uon-

~" " p:ayment o( Iho saill Quit.rcnt ::tOlt Uur enlry UJ10II Iho S:l.icl l.:lIul; \!ntbh:dt nI!IIt. TIIAT if thd Fees pay~blu un lhi:! ~\ ~ t\.l Our.Gr3.ot 00 not paicl. :lud the Gr:tnt ~l:aime~ by '!IO nid Grautee, ~r SOll10 p~uou .1:l\vfl!lIy :aulhorisetl ou Ill',,' bdl3J(,

'. ~ '~ • ~ willllu SIX CalencJ.u Mouths :lflec Notice of 11$ belll~ reJdy for ddl"ery sh .. 1I he ~lVeJl IU the Gove:nulle:lll Ga::ette or

\~ C \~. otherwise; Ott, i( lh~ Conditions, ficservatiolU, and Provisos herein conl:lined, or any p:ltt thereof, IJe uot duly ob~crvcr.! ~" ~,,"'" anr.! performer.! by the ~id Grantee, h ~<fl" Ileiu anti Assigns, thcn tm, said !.llld sh211 bo forfeited, aDd rcv~rt lIulo

~ '- " Us, Our 111lit':l :1.1)11 Succc:>sors; ::lllllthcso Pres.oul!'C. ;,;ncl evcry Ulaltt'c and tllill;:' hnroin cuntailled. :.hall cCol~U, :aull uelor'lIi'lc, ~"', :::md hccome :llJ::.olulcly vuitllo all iUleols :and purposes; nud it shaH be l:awful for Us, Our lleirs amI Succcs::,\.Irs, by Our .~ :.. ,Govcruor (or tha Lime being of Our nid T~rritory, or otber P!!rsen duI, authoriscd iu thill behalf, 10 re-cntcr upon :mtl

\ ~. '- ~ lake possession o( tho said LaDd or any put theeeo(, :lod the s2id Grantee. h W lIeirs and Assi);os, 2011 all Occ\lpil!u ~', ~J~. thereoftherefrom whelly lorcmu\'e; I£t'Ult Curnler \~rltb,ltel1, TU'&'T Wc b~fut ri);hls or:all P .. rli~, other than Ihe \~~ ~ GrJntee hereiD named, io the uDd hereby :r::t.nletl, sh:all enure ::t.1(.4 beheld harmle3s, 20Y tbiDg: io the3e Presents to Ihe

•• . ~ .~ .... contrary nolwilhslandiD~: III t;r~til1lalt!! WfHrtat, \Vc b:a.ve Cluscd tJ~ Our Gr:1ot 10 be sealed with the Se:ll of t ~ ~ \.. Our s2id Territory. . '\~, .... ... \ ,''X'' .... GIVEN under l"~ JJuJld r:f SI~ G£onc~Gll·I·~. ](n;gnl, Our Cuplain.Gen~raI wld Gocemor .. i".Chiifof ~ . \ "" .~~ O,!r Saifj;rerriJ05Y~. it~ p"tpellfuI'n.a, ru. Cjov~rws::ctt-llou.se, Syd'U!b i'!, New Syt;th&YCjIys aJousaid, ~ ~~, "..;: Ilm 12,/1{«//((h-' 'i//k day,!! uCITt't'/arl/ - ---- • ,,,I .. /'/f(7. /.' ---'\ ~ ... ~ Ylur cif Our Rii!J ,,;!snl.! ill the yearc!f Our Lord OnlthouJl1l1d erg)" hundred a."Cl//.'/7~/~ --

~\i:~~ Sig""I""'I~(i;;-"I"Prt~'H~) o~r ~ //..., --t? . ~J. dj'~/77//-·~I/;.- ~S. (Si~"J~~~,-D///> 7MJ

(Si .. ""I) . > /'I, / ~(7;:Y ~. _./ _ ~1 <> ~J • /n '1',," 'i.&m,r//.-t/ /,~, ,_'!./p//// (/- /'TtI'L./e ;;= tf'/ /"1" d Ei'lTEUE1) 011 l!cconlby-me, tU~_.~.,.~r;? -::--=r-- cl of {//I'rr1' ... fi //

O"~IIICJflsalJ(l tl;;/,'llUlldrcc/ "JUt L""'t·7~/.?A.p ·)-t... 0...... .,.' .::.-- ~ .. :) '- 'y;;.~ . .... . ~~~ypa> ,$;;-.;/<''/0'/':--'---'

I I .. Pr?;'.

I I I -I I : ~ ..

I:· I '.' f._

I I .{

I I I I I~~

I I I'

/"

I

: S C J[ B J) t.: L E It 1-; :I:' Jnl n E J) TO.'

(TO la: Sll'):Ot:U JI).' .\rl"Llc.\~T.)

! "j~l(l;Dy I},,-,,/ .qrr:rr jlnff"r .... ('f':' .Jd-(, q I! 0("/:, F(.( . ~; ;~T!' Ilr// 1// I~ .~ \. "('1" f· /> {."" /' I f' .:. .J ~) I 1(' ("/ " 1.' ("/ / ,/ \\!:" . J"c:>r",~<,t·(,., .</0 \.!}C-1<-"r-YCl.faU q (0.1uJ'1 "r ·.(~rA.<' J u,,,- /.. "1(' ~ . .... f' ..• 1/

'-.i ,1(.1I~H';'11<"<'1 /twl if.rlw" ~"'r~ .:er(; ,?/1i7J /c'l."~: .;:~ ... ,' .. ~.(,-&.-::-I ,.Lt- I/~ (!,..\O'(utn .· if/II ,r;·r!(u'<l'u"~,, .• ..f(, J/tc. Ji"J[,~'(",d .(,-;, .. f.j(n",in.,,·/ f:

1:.

If> r;;rt'1'

1c~7"'Jt'rrd

• / .·'1f 11 J . • r I;; /.' 11', /(~t7.1{£~71 0..<./.( JI 'I, .. (l(1r.r.n~;5-lrJ '/ ","",( /" " ~"'"''1''' :. "'/''''/

1. ~ {j;·a~..!r.. 1& 7.f{ ",).~~ ~'11 13Nk //.;// - ... _ ... --.: ____ .

.' "

'::' .::' ~ (/ . '.: "/'. . '7 1-,~ ." .. " /., I~ (:/!,~, "";I , .., _'..... .... ,; ./ .. 1:(' . ._',: c:lu.. !U_,-r!~

f< . .t.h./-:;:;,:,..,() f..l( fl :' ~ ~, I ...

!..?j:~·~IJ .. C<!1. to .... Ei I

//:, f../..1. . :- . '-. ,/' ;,. ... '.:

../ ..

.; r ~,., .. ,.

1ti-3'F' sn: 1:<11')1:-1 ~II - I "\'11:11:.\1

1I .... Im .... __ .. ~ ....... AdMftL •• '~~ .......... __ .. __ .. __ ~ __ ~ ____ w. __ ~ __ ~ ... ~WM~ ________________ __ I

. . -

11 , 11 11 11 i • I I • I I I I I I I , I I 11

Map 1

Map 2

Map 3

Map A .."

Map 5

Map 6

Map 7

Map 8

Map 9

Map 10

LIST OF HISTORICAL PLANS

James Meehan Survey, 1807 with present Street pattern overlaid - detail.

Harpers Plan of the Town of Sydney, 1822 - detail.

Robert Russell Survey of Allotments, 1834.

W.A. Caporn, Town of Syudney 1836 - detail.

Auction Plan, 1841- detail.

Trigometrical Plan for proposed sewerage reticulation, c.1857-65 - detail.

Percy Dove's plan of Sydney, 1880 - detail. A new Complete Wharf Street and Building Directory, Sydney 1880.

City of Sydney Section, 1887 - detail.

Darling Harbour and Observatory Hill, Resumption Plans, 1900 - detail.

Subdivision of Observatory Hill Lands, 1908 -detail.

I .:.' i. /' c·i· / I

~l-;\_: ;/

: , .. ."/. - .' I

~/ ~.• / J

If IG~

I l·

. . .. ., ?7 At; 'ci .y .. ~.:~: :.~.~ : :: .. : ......

As.s:JStont L· p. Sllrffl!O ..

. I, I. ',:. ! .

: .... .:

---.--~-- ...... "'-.,... j ':I'

I.

~r· .. - .. _._--- ----------

---------------------

I--------------------------------------~

I I IbTP¥rt.of~~,~:<04 n{(e--!tL.L,;11:o,~~ I~J~~~/ ~.'

."!,:, , .. '

-, ,-~ ~:

" .. ,'

I • - 'I ;: , -

I " .

'~.

•

I I

FJ 0 R C . ..

I ---~ - .~

J: -&r

i' ('1

I I

.:v:a /2 "

,-fIn 351;:,/123

I IG. 4~I09

I I H A R I -0 s T R

I

_ ............. .. ~\

I

I ,

----.~

./

6 ;'

/' --- -.--

- -

---- 1 ,/ 6i

, !

/

, !

-

-----~--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------,

r. "".-.-~'.:~ ..

t "/'':''I','ut'''Ml

" f. If~''"t''~ .... 'l.·P":/~.:.J 1 1- •... ! . .J '---'

11 J1 Ii' 1/ I IV c;. T 0 IV

!. 0 .. /t_f_ .(t_ C E tJ!f£.E 1 " .

STilE£. T

····~-·l

o ; . 1 , ilL re Ollllddldvn/

l \

STREET.

r"" .... ,,/77J,. ,-. ""n7""V"~ I

•• '~"""" 110 .. /

. i t !

- --0,..--,' - ,,' , .' . :.

lr it' (,,,' I' ,(

; 'I

. " .... ~

. r

\. .

la

I I . , ,

,.,.'- ,-----, I

..

--r,--I

t .

I I

11 11 [I 1 1 1 I I .L.

s T R E

STREET

T

~59 14 z.z '" 'I 11 ,_ ,~

u " .1 t U I

Q U A Y

~

I .J

MAP 7

!~ I I

A R ----~------- -

----..~="'~----..,--~~ -------~\-- -----------------------

I,

1 N G

c-

T

.. r---'~ . , . ,,-~., .... _-_ ... , -

~ ! I ? . , ,.: ,

I I I

"",":",L

o N ,);J

", r;:;.j ~ r-1 (, . : ; it' j":t. \ i: :/

t ~r-..:--~~:.:....-~--.--~---·r---'~,i.~-r~· ~,"-1-~

i i

,I !

I

• Gar{!iner's Bond

, ... 'J t

I

l.

~

S Y J

"_. - -"

L \-~ ,

\" -. l , I \ 'r··

I I ! 5 .. I " ~ I

jf·J_ I (.~

E-<

'Jl , . c. ( ~ ~ },

-" .,~ ~ ~,\r ~

~ rA • . " , -, .

1 "' I I

f .'

l

I p

I" .,..

.. ': ........... "_ ..... -

I \ I~\' \ I -~ / .-'--'-~-===--

--:.- - -

IEst~te er_ A. B le~ .

--... ... -~-

s

- . . \

-- "- ---T 0

--. -~ .'---

---- -- J

-\

I I ,

i i

/ I

/ /

Cl)

'-i

I

" c r/

/

f'--'1

~ i

i I

i. I

I ! '

i i ,

I

!

----"""""'" ----

I, 'NOTE.

...... - ......... ~----~----~-

c.. "- c;,

t c, 1\ s)

;:,-Q. ~

/;\1

/

I

'1 I I I I I 11 11

• ~ ~ ~ • I

~ 11 • • 1I

•

- 10 -

3.0 ANALYSIS OF PHYSICAL EVIDENCE

The following des'criptive analys;Ls of the physical evidence at No. 30 Harrington Street, The Rocks)will occasionally refer to the premises at No. 28' and 32 although no detailed study has yet been done of these properties for this report.

This section is to be read in conjunction with Appendix Three - Documentation of Physical Evidence and Appendix Four - Mortar Samples.

3.1 Phase One 1788-1830

It is clear from Harper's Plan of 1822 that no structures had been erected on the site now represent~d by Nos. 28 to 32 Harrington Street (Map 2). While a building was commenced on the Argyle Street. corner in February, 1823 by a convict baker, James Rambling, (1) the 1830 deed between Thomas Ryan ·and William Reynolds records no references to any structures on the land that Reynolds purchased in October of that year. The referral to an allotment, rather than premises further supports the evidence .that this site was vacant until c.1830.

3.2 Phase Two (Refer Drawing No. 02)

Robert Russell's survey of Sydney in 1834 clearly indicates the presence of three distinct buildings on the site being Allotment 2 (Map' 3). Nos. 28-30 being constructed of dressed sandstone with a shingled roof, evidence of which can be seen under the present iron one. A mortar sample taken from the wall between Rooms 1 and 3 of No. 30, verifies an early date for this initial phase of construction. At this point the house was spacially divided into four rooms (1,2,4,5). Original access to the floor above was by the stairs placed along the east wall of Room 1 as shown on Drawing No. 02. Another original feature that can be traced within the remaining fabric is the first floor window which has been converted into an opening between Room 4 and Landing 7. Its position matches that found at No. 28. The break in the east wall of Room 4 could possibly represent another window.

Built of brick, Room 3 contrasts to that of Rooms 1,2,4 and 5 suggesting that while this room appears on Russell's plan of 1834, it post dates that of the initial building phase representing the above four rooms. The presence of an external ventilation grill between Rooms 1 and 3 further supports this. The Room 3 extension is clearly independent of Room 3a and 3b since there is evidence of a stone foundation wall under the floorboards of Room· 3. This area may have served as an outhouse or kitchen that was attached to the main body of the house but with no internal access.

1. Johnson K. RAHS Newsletter p4

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

-I I I

- 11 -

A timber plate let into the stone wall located· approximately 1.2 metres above the floor in Room 6 suggests that it formed part of a skillion roof built over Room 3a. The presence of ceiling rather than floorboards in the former room further supports this.

Summary. Phase Two is represented by a ~.solid two storey Georgian stone structure with a brick ahd-~kiilion addition to the rear facade; J ~

3.3 Phase Three (Refer Drawing No. 03)

The mortar sample taken from the wall of Room 3a dates this section of the house as post 1840. There is no evidence of this addition present on an auction plan of 1841 (Map 5) and it remains absent until the Trigonometrical Survey 1857-65. (Map 6). Initially Room 3a and 3b w'ould have been a single space and a'massive timber lintel above doorways D2 and D3 suggests that during this phase this may have been a single opening. The skillion roof over Room 3 would have been extended to accommodate this nevl addition.

In summary this phase is represented by a further extension to the rear facade with internal access now possible throughout the house.

3.4 Phase Four (Refer Drawing No. 04)

This phase is represented by the erection of a party wall between 3a and 3b with the result that two doorways were created D2 and D3 plus the construction of Landing 7 and Room 8. The irregular angle of these additions can only be justified by the need for increased space and a desire for internal access to the backyard from No. 32. As a result doorway D5 was formed on the eastern side of the southern wall of No. 30.

With the addition of Landing 7 and Room 8 a new stairway was introduced along the southern wall of Room 3a.· This· necessitated the widening of door D4 which is clearly documented in the building fabric and shown on Drawing No. 04. The wall between Landing 7 and Room 8 is not original and the skirting board in the latter room suggests that this was a single space when first constructed with the. balustrade wrapping around the stairwell.

Since Room 6 is a later extension the northern wall of Landing 7 would have originally been an external brick or masonry wall for which no visible evidence remains.

In summary there aIe some anomalies within this Phase. A close study of the building materials clearly predates Landing 7 and Room 8 to that of Room 6. However it does not, like the mortar sample suggests correlate this work to the construction described in Phase One.

I I , I I -, I , I I I I , -, , -J I l I

- 12 -

3.5 Phase Five (Refer Drawing No, 05)

The similarity between building materials suggests that in this final construction phase the roof over Room 3, the wall between 3 and 3a and the northern wall of the first floor landing were demolished and Room 6 constructed. This addition resulted in a further level change within the house and the chimney has been extended to its present height to accom~odate this room.

The erection of a wall between 7 and 8 like the work above, shows similarities between the building materials and methods. The ceilings are bullnose and-quirk, tongue and groove lining board with 185 cover, the floors are of hardwood, butt jointed at 135/140 x 20. A mortar sample also dates the construction of the external toilet (Room 9) within this phase.

Apart from the use of different building materials the change in levels from 7 to 6 is representative of two separate building phases.

3.6 Yard and Laneway (Refer Drawings 06-09)

During the nineteenth century the outside yards often contained the kitchen and sanitation facilities for the household. While William Reynolds practised as a blacksmith the area behind Nos. 28-32 would have been actively used. Thus the rear yard area plays an integral part in the site's history. A number of factors drawn from the historical plans should be noted as they may relate to No. 30. This section should be read in conjunction with Drawing Nos. 06-09.

The Trigonometrical Plan of 1857-65 indicates that a fence has been erected from Nos. 28-30 separating them from No. 32 and the laneway. On the other side of the laneway are five outbuildings that run parallel to Nos. 28-32.

By the 1880s a new fence runs the length of the three properties and the laneway is described as a Right of Way. The outbuildings are described as being of two storeys.

By 1887 three distinct yards have been created and they appear to have extended to encompass the laneway ending at the line of outbuildings.

~-,.. ...................................... --,--

First Floor Plan

J -

1

I

Il

28

Ground Floor Plan

W6

W5

,r 11 V

L .J J'

W1 A ~ ~~ W2

HARRINGTON STREET

~ 'I

32

N w :::)

Vl

Druwing Number 01 Floor Plansl 1986

ill Scale 1 :100

-~~.--.---------------

o

Firs t Floor Plan

L -1--I L

r I--

r-I

,,\ .... r-

Ground Floor Plan

Rm4

J-

Rm3 r-

v

~ .. ~

Rm 1

.f n= J

RmS

Rm2

Drawing Number 02 Floor Plans, Phase 02

[) Scale 1 :100

---------------------

o

First Floor Plan

f\ . '"

0 c=J

L· , t"-

I

C 10-

t-I

,J....

l-

Gmund Floor Plan

Rm4

lr-4

r Rm3

'V

~~ Rm1

.f I1

Rm5

I

Rm3a

Rm2

-lA. I

Drawing Number 03 Floo r Plans I Phase 03

~ Scale 1:100

----_ .. _--------------

First Fl.oor Plan

Ground Floor Plan

o Rm4

I I Rm3

C I I .\-

Rm1

Rm8

Ld7

Rm5

Rm2

Drawing Number 04 Floor Plans, Phase 04

ill Scale 1 :100

.~ ' ... ' .... ~ ... 'sa ............ ~ ............ ~ _______ :

First Floor Plan

\ -t H , \

I ~

I I I I

Ground Floor Plan

toot t=t Rm6

a Rm4

0 c::::l

f Rm3 ./,--

Rm 1

Rm5

Rm5

Rm2

Oruwing Number 05 Floor Plans, Phase 05

~ ~cQle 1:100

, ~, ----------- __________ 1

\ \

1'0

~~r _- ~

I

r

-

--1 [

I I I

I

,

-

No. 28

-

1 1-, ~ ~

4 ~

i -1

~, . ~/ll\I!I;''''A-.I...,.,..I .... _;;.__>!'_ .. .I..,.~/..,J'''"'/.." . ..

. .""v.""' .. /.,."~/-,.,..I/.,,: .. /. -/, '/ / / ~t" ••••

I No. 30

AUCTION PLAN OF 1841

No. 32

.' -

I

>« :3 o « o 0:::

. Drawing Number 06 Rear Yard Plan

([) Scale 1:100

- .- - - - - - - - - .. iiIi Iiiiii .. ______ _

W/"'-__ /~ ,...;

">r"r~ /-/~)"..:'''''/~''/'''',g..., F~'" "'PJ'U~,.(- •

~ t I i~

~ '13;

No. 28 No. 30 , ~

v ... .?y~/~--~ , I

TRIGONOMETRICAL PLAN OF 1857-65

'" ~

;

;

~!a ,

.'"" I/,¥-.!t'v ....

''''7'-~/-.......,.."./...--~/~ .. 1-

No. 32

i,I ~.

;

1

Druwing Number 07 Rear Yard Plan

~ Scale 1:100

.- - --

t

l' .-

-------------- - - -I

, '

I

RIG HT OF WAY

No. 28 No. 30

PERCY DOVE PLAN OF 1880

No. 32

'. "

Druwing Number 08 Rear Yurd Plan

eD Scale 1:100

~------

~--------------------

No. 28 No. 30

ROCKS AND DARLING HARBOUR RESUMPTION PLAN OF 1900

No. 32

Oruwing Number 09 Rear. Yard Plan

® Scale 1 :100

----- .. _--------------

1 J!!=======Ib:===1h====~ j- - -+ +

Rml

Harrington st

,-------1-"1" ------I -1--

11t----l ~~====bd~~~=k====~~

.+ ~~

+-1

Cross Section A.A.

Rm6

rear yard

Drawing Number 10 Cross Section, 1986-Scale 1: 50

,

I I

:1 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ·1

- 13 -

4.0 UNSOLVED PROBLEMS

4.1 Investigation of Documentary Evidence

a.

b.

c.

An intensive search of Land Title records mayor may not clarify the connection between Williams Scoles and Elizabeth Habler.

A search of Court records concerning Maurice Reynolds bankruptcy may incr2ase our knowledge about the Reynolds Family.

Relationship of the Reynolds and consecutive tenants vlith changes in the building fabric in an attempt to determine why these additions occurred - usage patterns.

4.2 Investigation of Physical Evidence

a.

b.

c.

Investigation and excavation of associated surviving materials including: outhouse foundations at No. 30, paving at No. 32.

Investigation to find the laneway that is well documented in historical plans running parallel and behind Nos. 28 to 32.

Additional mortar sampling from the east wall of Room 3 and the wall between Room 3a and 3b to clarify, then dccermine. the time frame for their construction.

d. As discussed in Phase 5, originally between Landing 7 and Room 6, there would have been an external wall. Physical investigation of the wall between these two areas may determine its existence.

5.0 STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE

a.

b.

c.

d.

e.

This cottage is one of the oldest surviving domestic d\.;ellings in The Rocks and only Cadman I s Cottage survives to pre-date this structure. It is also one of the rare examples of small scale Colonial Georgian architecture to be found in Sydney.

The surviving building reflects the utilitarian function of the structure.

Both the original house and subsequent additions can demonstrate the Reynolds changing social and economic po:.: i tion.

Demonstrates use and range of nineteenth century building techniques and materials and illustrates a dramatic change in the standard and quality of work.

The fabric demonstrates the way a house can be redesigned and adapted to suit changes in usage. 4.1c)

(See

I I I I -I I I I I I I I I I

r.

g.

- 14 -

It is clear from the historical records that John Gleeson, Thomas Ryan, William Reynolds and Michael Cannon were friends as well as business acquaintances. In general terms they were typical examples of emancipated Irish Catholic convicts who achieved in Sydney. It also typifies the close links that were formed between The Rocks residents a community sense that survives till this day.

No. 30 Harrington street is part of an electric streetscape that has a unity-of scale typical of the historic Rocks landscape.

summarised it is significant because of its:

Age Intactness, to the point that elements of the original buildings have survived Association with The Rocks and its people Ability to demonstrate its history in its fabric

S.l GRADED ZONES OF SIGNIFICANCE

Common with most old places there are parts of varying degrees of importance. To enable the approach to its conservation to be as flexible as possible, the building has been divided into three zones of graded significance.

These are:

Zone 1.

Zone 2

Zone 3

Areas of Great significance

original house built by william Reynolds c.1830 including the exterior and interior of Rooms 1,2,4 and 5. Room 3.

Areas of considerable Significance

Later additions, Rooms 3a and 3b New staircase Landing 7 and Room 8

Areas of Some cultural significance

Room 6 including the extended chimney Historical evidence of the Right of Way that ran parallel to Nos. 28 - 32 potential evidenc<! of the outbuilding on the eastern side of the laneway External toilet, Room 9

?

I \

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

i -11

1 '

• I Ii I I 11 t.'ITT: I

-1 1

- 15 -

3 3

1 LJ I: 11 1 ~ I ,"'-

, ';-' --"c,--==---! L-' ---==---;-~..,....,,--------;::--1=~

GROUND FLOOR ZONING FIRST FLOOR ZONING

HARRINGTON STREET FRONTAGE

Some explanation of this downgrading is necessary. Room 3 has been included in Zone 1 since it was constructed soon after t~e main building, it3 proportions being s~npathetic yet clearly illustrating a dramatic change in the quality of materials and workmanship. Although the presence of outbuildings and the Right of Way are documented in historical plans, no visible surface evidence survives. Therefore a Zone 3 grading has been given because of its potential significance.

5.2 CONSTRAINTS ARISING OUT OF PHYSICAL CONDITION OF THE PLACE

General

In general the later additions have been substantial and remain intact. They' are on'the whole non sympathetic and of poor quality. Past construction methods have resulted in structural problems detailed in Appendix 5.

Room 3

structural damage to floor through wetrot due to the lack of sub floor ventilation External wall built on sub standard foundations. North wall of Rooms 3 and 6 not keyed into the main structure

Room 6

Originally designed as a ceiling the floor has sagged due to the excess weight placed upon it by the construction of this room.

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

- 16 -

Sub standard foundations and additions to the chimney have caused the east wall to tilt and the chimney has followed, distorting its shape.

White Ants

Past white ant activity is evident in Room 2 and further investigation is necessary to ascertain further infestation.

6.0 DRAFT CONSERVATION PLAN

The following format is to a major extent taken from J.S. Kerr Conservation Plan for Juniper Hall prepared for the National Trust.

The purpose of a conservation plan is to detail how best to retain and where possible enhance, the significance of a site. This is best achieved by finding a use that is both economically feasible and compatible with the significant fabric.

The following draft conservation policy has been based on:

the zones set out in 5.1 the evidence on elements of significance set out i~ 2.0 and 5.0 the likely requirements for a sympathetic use for ~he place. the principles of the Burra Charter.

The policy for No. 30 Harrington Street Shall be

In the following the appropriate sections of the Burra Charter have been cited:

a. Recogniz~ the original house and those extensions included in zones 1 and 2 as being of major significance.

b.

c .

d.

e.

To confine work in zones 1 and 2 to preservation, restoration, reconstruction and adaption where it does not reduce the significance of a place. (Articles 1.6 and 1.8, 11 and 19).

Confine work to zones 3 and It to preservation, restoration, reconstruction and adaption. (Articles 1.6 to 1.9, 11 and 12).

Recognize that new construction work on site is acceptable and appropriate and does not reduce or obscure the significance of the place. (Article 8).

Provide a contingency period during any excavation work for recording of sub-surface structures.

~I

II 1I I I I I I (

~

I I

I I

- 17 -

g. Principles of the Burra Charter dealt with in Articles 26-28, concerning the placement of the report in a permanent public archive and make publicly available.

6.1 APPLICATION OF POLICY TO NO. 30 HARRINGTON STREET

The practical application of these policies to the conservation of the fabric are set out below.

Preservation and Restoration

Within the zones 1 and 2 care should be taken to retain all of the elements listed below that are original or early and still survive.

opening and spaces floors including joists walls, plasterwork and moulding joinery door and window hardware fireplace and surrounds ventilators if they are original or early stablization of the east wall, as per engineers recommendations provide adequate sub floor ventilation for Room 3

Restoration and Necessary Reconstruction

Reconstruction

Floor of Room 3 to be removed so that excavation for sub floor ventilation can occur then reinsLated.

Removal of present Room 3 window so as to reinstate original for which there is evidence at No. 28.

Remove wall between Landing 7 and Room 8 and reinstate a balustrade around the stairwell.

Adaption; Zones Three ~0ll~0&1~ ~

Adaption is acceptable where the conservation of a place cannot otherwise be achieved and where the adaption does not substantially detract from its cultural significance.

Of areas 3a and 3b so as to provide services, such as kitchen and sanit~ry facilities.

upgrading the toilet, Room 9 by the addition of a hand basin.

I I I I I i ,I 11

~ I ~ ~ ~ , , , t ~

I I ~

I

- 18 -

New Construction

Any new work within the boundary of Nos. 28-32 should:

be distinctly subservient in scale to the area. permit the re~ention of the historic eastern view over George Street from Nos. 28-30. harmonise relationship with Suez Canal.

6.2 RECO~MENDATIONS FOR FUTURE USE

Nos. 28, 30 and 32 should continue the historical tradition and remain as separate tenancies. They are three independent buildings and any intervention into the fabric would be restricted to the principles outlined in the Burra Charter.

Option of extending the outside eating facilities of No. 28 with the development-of the yard and laneway.

Potential for new services, kitchen and sanitary facilities to be jointly shared.

That the occupants are sympathetic and aware of LDe heritage val~e of the building.


01.

02.

03.

04.

05.

06.

07.

08.

09.

10.

LIST OF PLAN DRAWING FOR NO. 30 HARRINGTON STREET

Floor Plans, 1986

Floor Plans, Phase 02




Rear Yard Plan, 1841

Rear Yard Plan, 1857-65



Cross section, 1986

I I-I I

li I I I ,

I I I

I I I I I I I I I I

•

APPENDIX ONE

PRELIMINARY REPORT ONREYNOLDS COTTAGE 30 HARRINGTON STREET

A. Originally investigated as part of the Capital Works Programme for 1986/87.

Initial work involved Mr. J. Stephany preparing measured plans of the cottage.

B. A structural examination of the building was required and Miller Milston & Ferris were engaged.

Their report states:

All walls in Rooms 1,2,4 & 5 are struc~urally safe.

Movement of up to 100mm has occurred in the rear vlall of Rooms 3,3a,3b,6,7 & 8.

Rear wall to Room 6 is unsafe, its condition leading to its eventual collapse. All other rooms are structurally safe.

Recommended action accorc1lng to Miller, l'1ilston & Ferris, was that the rear wall be~ween toilet and Door D2 should be demolished as should the rear wall of Room 6 .

A second opinion was recommended by t1erv Shearman and Donal Carr. As a result Colin Crisp of McBean and Crisp was consulted.

Mr. Crisp inspected the building and recommended that to assist his analysis of the stability of the walls a hole should be dug between the toilet and the rear wall of Room 3. This work was undertaken by two periodic contractors on 5 May, 1986. Trevor Kelly excavated the hole. Ray Meiers plumbed the rear wall of Room 3.

Oral recommendation from Mr. Crisp to Jim Stephany on 8 May, 1986 recommended that everything be retained. A

detailed report would be forthcoming. (Appendix 5).

The solution would be to underpin the external wall with piles. The underpin work would probably disturb the toilet area of the site.

C. At the invitation of Merv Shearman the following people were invited to give an opinion on the building.

-~------:.,. - --~.;:--

I I I I I i I I I I I I I I I I

Jeff Lawson Robert Brown Helen Temple

National Trust Heritage Branch Heritage Branch

There was a general consensus that the cottage was significant on several points.

1. One of the few remaining architectural structures of a "Georgian Type" in Sydney.

2. Reported to be one of the earliest surviving structures from early colonial times.

Recommended that a conservation plan should be established for No. 30 Harrington Street, The Rocks.

The above is a brief statement of what has occurred prior ~o an adoption of a conservation plan for No. 30 Harrington S~~ee~.

I I I I I I I I I I ·1 I

APPENDIX TWO

In any research involving the use of Assessment or Rate Books and Directories·the problem of changes in the street numbers is a usual occurence.

The changes at Nos 28-32 Harrington street, The Rocks are as follows.

1845 Nos 109-111 1848 Nos 755-757 1849 " 11 " 1851-52 Nos 100-103 1853-55 Nos 1-5 1855-1902 Nos 2-4 1925- Nos 28-32

I I I I !I I

i ·,1 i I

- 3 -

APPENDIX THREE

DOCUMENTATION OF PHYSICAL EVIDENCE

The facade of Nos. 28 to 30 Harrington Street typifies the symmetry and order of the Colonial Georgian style. The gabled roof, covered by galvanised iron sheeting and a shared brick chimney stack, centres the cottages. The wall is comprised of course sandstone rubble with raised pointing to simulate ashlar. The pointing, previously examined by Insearch as part of the restoration work done in 1981, contained a lime and sand putty mix. It appears to be the original mason's putty. There is clear evidence that these two cottages were built in separate stages due to the way the stone has been toothed at the party wall.

Each cottage has a centrally· placed entrance door of a simple, four panelled design with a brass door knob., It is flanked on either side by one six panel sash window with shutters, surmounted by a flat stone lintel. Above on the first floor are identical windows.

The rear facade of No. 30 has lost its symmetrical quality through additions. A skillion roof extension of galvanised iron is penetrated by a brick chimney stack. The walls of rendered brick are punctuated from north to south by a sliding glass window and two wooden battened doors adjacent to one another on the ground floor. While the upper level has a casement window and two six paned sash windows adjacent to one another in the same alignment as the two doors below.

ROOM 1

Ceiling and Cornice

Flooring

Walls

Ceiling 'V' jointed~ tongue and groove lining board, 100 cover . Evidence of original staircase opening Where the stairway was the ceiling is Double 'V' jointed, tongue and groove lining board 150 cover Timber quad cornice

Hardwood flooring, tongue and groove, 82 x 19 Floor joists 150 x 65/75 at 450 centres Evidence of original staircase, rear east wall

North, East, West,

plaster on stone plaster on stone plaster on stone

All architrave, dado and skirting profiles are at the end of this appendix.

I I

Doors

Windows

Skirting

Dado

- 4 -

East wall, entrance door of four panels, simple design (probably original) One pair butt hinges Brass door knob Architrave width 100 (not original)

Typical Colonial Georgian design reconstructed c.1980 6 paned sash window 850 x 680 Architrave

Bullnose skirting board, 150 wide Quad bottom but introduction of a pipe has disturbed this feature

890 off the floor 150 wide

Fireplace

Services

Painting

Other

Condition

Plain simple Georgian Style Stone surround, stone mantel Cast iron grate, Victorian design

Gas Telephone Electricity

Walls, sky blue Ceiling, white Window details, cream

Two steps down from doorway D1 to floor level Curtain brackets and pelmets on the east wall above the window

Generally fair to good

~ I I I I I I I I I I I I ,I I I I I I I I

. : : .. ' -

":". " "0

REPORT ON fibRTAR SM"lPLES

* * *

REYNOLDS COTTAGE)

TUF IJ~ SYD~JEY

BY

DR. G. S. GIBBONS

, / () , I 1.1

.A /\

~! :::.. f~I,Iu.;f--tJfV--'

~1 /V;/VV -- ~---7---------

G. S. Giboons

DEPART.HEh'T OF APPLIED GEOLOGY .

APPENDIX FOUR

THE NB'? SOUTH Vp.LES INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

JUNE, 1986

PROJECT NUMBER: 86/62/913

. ::::: S·: . ..:~:- ':.: -:: .'-':-.~I_:'::: :.f :,::::-::-.-':i.:;:' . -.:;:..;." 27G9:

r ....

I I I I I I I I I I I I I ,I

I I I I I

11

McBEAN CONSULTING

May 22,

APPENDIX

& CRISP PTY. LIMITED CIVIL AND STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS

1986

FIVE

';.

------ .,'

',-------..

. "

140 Arthur Street

North "Sydney 2060 Telephone: (02) 929 0255

Job Ko. 2234

REPORT TO SYDNEY COVE REDEVELOPMENT AUTHORITY , STRUCTURAL CONDITION OF EAST WALL AT

30 HARRINGTON STREET

,Under instruction from the Sydney Cove Redevelopment Authority, McBean & Crisp Pty.' Limited made an inspection of the property at 30 Harrington Street, The Rocks, to report on the condition of the East wall of the building, to determine a cause for damage to the wall and to offer remedial solutions.

The site was visited on May 5, 1985 and again on May 8. Prior to the sec.ond visit a foundation inspection hole had been dug and the East wall had been plumbed.

The building is a two storey cottag~ dating back to the first half of the 19th century. It is constructed in Stone masonry and brick and appears to have been built in stages of which the rear (East) section is one. The East addition is approximately 2.8 m wide x 8~ m long, near the centre of which is a dm·mstairs fireplace with flanking wall connecting the East wall to the original cottage. Upstairs, the chimney is freestanding within the floor space. The addition is roofed with a skillion structure whose ceiling is board lined.

OBSERVATIONS:

The East wall stands two stories high - 4".5 m. It is "held" at roof level by pitched rafters landing on a wall plate and at 1st floor- level by floor joists spanning back to the wall of the ,original cottage. Fixing of the floor joists to th~ wall is ~ubious. The cross wall between the East wall, fireplace, and origina~ cottage,was not effectively toothed into the original wall and has pulled away approximately 50 to 75 mm. There is a similar lack of bonding at the North end cross wall. Khere the chimney cross wall junctions the East wall there are signs of break awaY,with a crack of about 10 mm width. All cracking at these locations has'been'~he subject of earlier repairs. The downstairs fireplace, hearth and breast are relatively plumb on the South side but this is not matched on the North side \V.here the East edge leans out approximately 40 mm. The chimney stack bet~een the fi'rst floor & roof is seriously distorted in the manner indi~ated,in the attached sketches. An apparent outwards tilt of the East wall has included a tendency for the chimney to follow, but because it was restrained at roof level the distortion 'observed has occurred.

I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 1 \1

McBEAN & CRISP PTY. LIMiTED CONSUL TlNG CIVIL A~lO STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS

-2-

140 Arthur Stre;:: North Sydney 2060 Telephone: (02\ 9290255

The East wall of the building has a noticeable outwards lean which was checked at four locations. The measurements recorded are shown on the a~tached drawing 2234/1. This lean is obviously associateo with the internal damage referred to above.

An inspection hole was dug against the outsid~ face of the wall at approximately mid length to ~etermine the depth of the footi~q and the nature of the foundation. This reveals that the brick wall is supported 3 courses below grade on a sandstone footing whose underside is 700 mm below grade. At this level the foundation 'is a loose fill material, probably sandy loam which with the introduction of ground water from under the building had become very soft.

CAUSE:

The primary cause of failure of the East wall is instability o~ the foundation under both the length of th~ wall and possibly tte

. chimney. It is not clear whether the lack of support of the ~.·;all .whic·h has tilted and settled has dragged the chimney with it or whether the inadequate support extends under the chimney. All c= the damage observed relates to the unstable wall foundations.

REMEDY:

The only effective remedial measure is to underpin the wall to a solid base for the entire length of the wall and for part of the chimney.· .

Two methods are available. Continuous underp~nning.in brick or concrete is an option provided the firm base is not too deep. A sandstone bed is preferred as a firm base. Our experience is. that if a yellow clay base is found it probably overlies a sands~one bed at very little distance below. Closely spaced: bored piers with top haunches giving continuous support is the other option which ensures that support on rock is obtained.

With both systems it is possible to attempt jacking of the wall to partly reinstate its proper position. Even if part reinstate~ent

.is riot po~sible, either of' the underpinning systems will. stablise the wall against further settle~ent and filling.

The wor~ should be carried out by an experienced Contractor under the control of competent professional supervision.

MITED

Colln F C C"SP. BE. F.S A 5 P.I • FIE "us, FRS A

I I I 'I I I I L· I I

I I I

I I 'I I I I

: ':-' --- .. -.-'_- --, ; .----.---.-.----.--~

RID 3

RID 1

GROUND FLOOR HARRINGTON STREET FRONTAGE

c--~

3b

RID 2

I 1 I I 1 I 1

- -;;,,-

I' I 1

I 1 I

I I I 1 1 11

----------_ .. --

/'

IDl Rm 6 LW

Rm4

FIRST FLOOR HARRINGTON STREET FRONTAGE

- . ,

-:-~

Ld 7 Rm8

, ;

Rm5

II I I 1 I

1 I 1 1I

1 -

1 1 1 1 I I 1

REPORT ON MORTAR S~~~PLES FROM REYNOLDS COTTAGE

S I EVE S I Z E

> 2.0 mm

2 - 1.0 rillu

1 - 0.5 mm

.5 - 0.25 mill

.25 - 0.125 :mlil

.125 - 0.063 ID.Iil

< .063 :m:m

eartonate po...rcent

Shell fragrre.'1.ts %

I I I i I-

I

1

2.9

2.6

26.4

31.9

10.5

6.6

13.1

I 11

I

'I l'lir:or

TAB L E r

S A M P L E N U M B 2 3 I II 5 6

• J 4.2 .. 4 .3 .6

~

I 5.4 4.6 .2 4.9

I 6.5 I 15.1 5.6 6.9 4.7

75.3 I I 35.4 56.5 63.3 70.9

- ,. i : .. :::: I 11.5 19.1 11.9 3.7

, l.~

1 j 4.4 5.5 3.1 3.2

I ~ 6. S i

I I

I I !

l-L 3 11.9 7.0 12.9

I I

I 24 23 10 16 31

- 3% 3% 3%

E R 7 8

-I

I 1.4 I I

I I 14.-9 2.9 I I

69.1 I Q.9

I

17.0 I 13.7 i I i 6 .. 2 I

2.8 i

I ,

! l5.9 i I

8.2

, I

i i i ' , -, 17 ! !

! I

! 0:. rare

I 2%


REPORT ON" Mo"RTAR SAMPLE

FROM REYNOLDS COTTAGE

INTRODUCTION

INSEARCH Ltd. has been requested by Sydney Cove Redevelop

ment Authority to report on composition and possible

implications of mortar samples from Reynolds Cottage in The

Rocks, Sydney.

DESCRIPTION

Eight samples were submitted, as follows:

Sample 1. Slightly brownish, mid-grey loam, minor shell

fragments to 8IT~; very soft.

" Sample 2. "Cream, fine sand mortar, minor charcoal; very

soft.

Sample 3. Pale coffee-coloured, sandy loam mortar, 3%

shell fragments to 8 mm; very soft.

Sample" 4. Similar to Sample 3, but slightly paler; includes

small downy feather; few small granules of

charcoal.

Sample 5. Cream-coloured, sandy mortar; 3% shell fragments

to 6mm; small white clay-like specks to 2 rr~i

soft.

Sample 6. Coffee brown, silty or fine sandy mortar; 1%

shell fragments to 4 mm; very soft; generally

rather similar to Sample 4.

Contd.

I-1 I I I -I 1 I -

I I 1 1 1 ,

I I 1 I "

1 I I I

REPORT ON MORTAR SAMPLES' FROM :P\EYNO~ COTTAGE -,-I

/

DESCRIPTION (CONTD.)

Sample 7. Cream-coloured, firr~-sa~ ~rtari 2% shell --fragments to 5mm; ""7Bry ~:::::J:; generally

similar to Sample s~

Sample 8. Fawny-cream silty rr:..:::Jrta:::::-, :;::lightly porous;

rare very small sh~~l f:::::-~nts; 1% small

(1 mm) clay-like fL~cks; ;::!!oderately soft.

Samples 1, 2, 6 and 7' containe6.

were excluded before analysis_

some • .L.

;:-31nL. flakes; these

METHODS

Part of the sample was gently ~roke;-,,; ~"leighed, and treatC'\\

with hydrochloric acid of init~~l g~~~~gth 2 molar to

remove carbonate from shell fr-a.gmentz znd cured lime. T:~'(c'

residue was filtered and washe6, drL~/ and rewe~ghed.

Weight loss was interpreted as totaL ~rbonate.

The sample was then dry-sieve~ to lZ5 ~m mesh.

sample was then wet-sieved to 63 Vm ,

RESULTS

Results of ' analyses are presented in Table 1.

The ~~

When all aspects of samples are considered, it is clear

that samples 5 and 7 are almost identical; the sand gr~~i~\

but not the colour or lime contents, a~e similar in sam;~~~

1, 6, and 8i the sands in samples 3 and 4 are like one

another; sample 2 is different from all others, but br~~'

within the overall range of variation.

I' I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

REPORT ON MoRTAR SAMPLES FROM· REYNOlDS Con'AGE :. PAGE "3

INTERPRETATIONS

1. Samples 5 and 7 probably correlate, and may be

relatively late mortars.

2. Sample 1 is typical of an e.arlier type of mortar

(say, pre-1840) in terms of the high fines content

and lOvl lime content.

3. Since early mortars - especially with shell

4 .

fragments - are often variable in lime content, .....

and since colour variation may occur with weathering,

it may~e that samples 6 and 8 correlate with

sample 1.

Samples 3 and 4 are also of earlier type. They

may be themselves equivalent, but are somewhat less

likely to correlate with I, 6, 8.

I I I I I i I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

Ceiling

Flooring

Walls

Window

Skirting

Painting

Other

- 5 -

ROOM 2

Ceiling bullnose and quirk, tongue and groove, lining boards 215 cover

Hardwood flooring, butt jointed, 140 x 19 does not line up with Room 1 Floor joist 150 x 65/75 at 450 centre. Some of the floor boards were missing and as a result new floor joists are visible. Evidence of a lath and plaster wall and doorway shown in the floor joists.

East, plaster on stone South, plaster on stone West, plaster on stone

Reconstructed Colonial Georgian c.1980 6 paned sash window 850 x 680 Architrave .

Only quad remains

Walls, sky blue Ceiling, white Window details, cream

Curtain brackets and pelmets above window

Condition

Generally in good condition, some floor boards missing

ROOM 3

Ceiling and Cornice

Bullnose and quirk ceiling, tongue and groove lining board 150 cover This appears to be a non original ceiling, the lining boards being an addition. This is evident as the floor above has painted joists Rough hewn hardwood beam at the southern boundary of this room

. !

i .

---------------------------------:------------, I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I

Flooring

Walls

Windows

- 6 -

Hardwood flooring, tongue and groove 85 x 19 Floor joist 100 x 50 at 450 centres

North,

East, West,

Painted brick some disturbance around window, the bricks been reused with cement mortar Painted brick Painted brick

The original opening has been altered to accommodate a sliding glass window. 840 x 400. Evidence of previous opening measuring 1170 x 946, equal in size and location to that of No. 28 Harrington Street.

Fireplace

Stone hearth Timber surrounds Evidence from the ceiling suggest that at once a cabinet was built on top of the mantel to ceiling height

. Ventilation

Painting

Services

other

Ventilation grate on west wall East wall grate appears more recent than the above example, also a different pattern, situated at window height

The timber section of the southern wall is covered in a blue and white floral wall paper Ceiling, white Window details, white

Water - east wall Drainage - east wall Gas Electricity

Originally there would have been a wall between Rooms 3 and 3a as is evident from a support beam off the ceiling. The absence of_ some floor boards and the removal of a quantity of soil has uncovered a stone foundation wall that is parallel to the above beam. A timber plate 60 x 95 runs 2 metres north to south above the window height.

I

I I I

I i

I I

, . j


------ ---- ------ --------------~---

- 7 -

Condition

Very poor, whole room appears to be carelessly built Chimney and eastern wall not constructed on a firm foundation (See engineer's report Appendix 5)

ROOM 3A

Ceiling and Cornice

Flooring

Walls

Doors

Painting

Other

Condition

Double 'V' jointed, tongue and groove, lining board 150 cover

Hardwood flooring, tongue and groove, 85 x 19 Floor joist, 100 x 450 In adequate sub floor ventilation, some floor boards missing and evidence of wet rot

East, South,

West,

West,

East,

Painted brick Painted brick construction to a height of 1900, then timber, double 'V' jointed, tongue and groove, lining board 150 cover. Timber section covered by wallpaper Non perpendicular wall Painted stone above the door

The opening appears to have been widened, the southern reveal being original. Entrance appears to have been widened when the staircase was introduced. Timber battened and ledged door, lining board 140 cover Timber lintel spans across to No. 32 door.

Blue and white floral pattern wall paper on timber section of southern wall Staircase, cream

Two steps leading from Room 1 to 3 and 3a

Very poor Whole room appears to be roughly built Inadequate sub -floor ventilation

, .

, I I' , .

I I I I I I I I [I JI

11

11

~ .~ I~

~ , , , , I

Ceiling

Flooring

Walls

Door

Other

- 8 -

ROOM 3B

Exposed 50 x 100 joists

Tongue and groove flooring 100 x 14 cover

North,

West, East, South,

East, South,

Render brick covered by masonite to a height of 1900 Above this, rough sawn bevel siding 150 cover Stone covered by masonite Rendered brick Masonry wall has been disturbed by a later doorway Masonite cupboard'along the remainder of this wall .

Timber batten and ledged door 700 x 1650 Doorway the result of intervention into the wall. Timber batten and ledged door

Four steps door from doorway in the southern wall levels, necessitating four steps.

Condition

Generally good

Ceiling

Flooring

Walls

ROOM 4

Lath and plaster with 45 x 16 battens Access to the roof area by an access hatch

Pine flooring, butt jointed, random width 150 - 170 x 19 Floor joist, 150 x 65/75 at 450 centre Evidence of the original staircase, as seen in floorboard patching

North, Plaster on stone East, Plaster on stone South, Plaster on stone West, Plaster on stone

I I I I I I I I I I I I I

Doors

Windows

Skirting

Dado

- 9 -

South eastern doorway Height of opening 1980 Six panelled timber door height 1800 - Dimensions of this door suggests that it was originally the door belonging to the opening in the north eastern corner of this room Architrave South wall has a doorway which will be discussed in Room 5 Painted, cream

Colonial Georgian type 6 paned sash windows 700 x 600

Height of skirting board 140

Plain, 820 off the floor, present on all except the east wall, where there is evidence of its existence.

Ventilation

Services

Ventilation grill on west wall at window height, style suggests it is of a late date

Electricity

I Painting or Wall Decoration

I I I I

other

Wall, pink Ceiling, lemon Window and door details, cream

In the north eastern corner an opening has been cut into the wall.

Condition

Generally the room is in a good to fair condition

Ceiling

ROOM 5

Bullnose and quirk, tongue and groove, lining board 150 cover

: t

t i I

11 II t·

I . f , I ~

, I i

, t

I

I I I I I i I I I I I I

1I I

II II [I (I rl 'I

------~---------------------------------------------,

Flooring

Walls

Doors

Windows

Skirting

Dado

- 10 -

Pine, butt jointed flooring 140 x 19 Floor joist, 150 x 65/75 at 450 centres

North, East, South; West,

Lath and plaster Plaster on stone Plaster on stone Plaster on stone

Door constructed from two pieces of timber with bullnose and quirk worked into face to simulate battens Height 1850 Architrave same as window, in room 4 (see detail) Rim lock Shot bolt Hinges, one pair appear to be original Painted cream

6 paned sash windows 700 x 600 Architrave

Skirting height 140

There is evidence that a dado was present at one stage at a height similar to Room 4.

Ventilation

Services

Painting

Other

At the level of the window architrave - non original

Electricity Walls, pale pink Ceiling, pale lemon Window door and skirting, cream

Walls, pale pink Ceiling, pale lemon Window door and skirting, cream

Coat or hat rack on the north wall at the level of the door architrave

---- -------

I· I I I I I I I

·1 I

------.~--------------------------

- 11 -

Condition

Generally fair but drummy plaster is present on some of the walls.

Ceiling

Flooring

Walls

Door

Windows

Skirting

Fireplace

Services

ROOM 6

Double 'V' jointed, tongue and groove, lining boards 150 cover

Evidence indicates that this floor was originally the ceiling and joist for the roof over Room 3 Butt jointed hardwood ceiling boards painted underside 135/140 x 70 cover. Painted joists, 90 x 70 at 450 centres

North, Painted brick East, Painted brick South, Lath and plaster West, Painted stone Evidence of a roof line can be seen as a distinct disturbance into the fabric of the wall. A timber plate 75 thick is present in the northern corner at a height of 1065. An opening that led from Room 4 into this room has been covered with lining boards the same as the ceiling.

Ledge and batten timber, 1850 x 750.

Casement window, no architrave 960 x 1180

Evidence of quad on the east and west wall

Between the first floor and roof (see plans for position) is a free standing chimney, bricks width 65 appears to be bonded with a soft lime mortar.

Electricity

-11 I I I i I I I I

• I I I I I I I I .1 ~I

Painting

Other

Walls, pale pink Ceiling, lemon

- 12 -

Window details, white

There is a 480 change of floor level when entering this room

Condition

Floor and ceiling are in poor condition the later due to structural damage. The chimney is seriously distorted. See engineer's report for further detail Appendix 5.

Landing 7

Ceiling

Flooring

Walls

Doorway

Window

Skirting

Painting

Bullnose and quirk, tongue and groove lining boards 185 cover

Hardwood, butt jointed, 135/140 x 20

North, East, South, West,

Lath and plaster Plaster on brick Double 'V' jointed tongue and groove Plaster on stone

Opening from Room 4 onto the landing

6 paned sash window 710 x 610 different from that in Room 4 and 5

Plain 'V' jointed board, 170 wide

Walls, pale lime green Ceiling, lemon Window details, cream

I' I I i I I I I

I I I I 'I II I

Other

--------~----------------------------~~ .. ~-

- 13 -

Floor level changes from Room 4 to this landing drop of 680 Three steps A plain simple balustrade

Condition

Generally fair East wall needs replastering

Ceiling

Floors

Walls

Doors

Window

Skirting

Services

Painting

ROOM 8

Bullnose and quirk, tongue and groove, lining board 185 cover

Hardwood, butt jointed flooring, 135/140 x 20

North,

East, South, West,

Double 'V' jointed, tongue and groove, lining board 150 cover Plaster on brick Plaster on brick Plaster on brick

Ledged and battened timber door 1930 x 680 Architrave

6 paned sash windows, 710 x 600 Architrave

Skirting board 150 wide Absent on north wall

Electricity

Walls, lime green Ceiling, lemon Window details, cream

·1 I I I I I I I I I I I

I I I I I

- 14 -

condition

Drummy plaster on south wall. Plaster absent on east wall under the window.

ROOF

Rooms 4 and 5

Room 6

Ceiling joist, 150 x 65/75 at 450, centre morticed into pole plate Rafters, 100 x 65/75 at 450 Ridge, 140 x 25 Pole plate, 150 x 50 Fascia, 225 x 19 (?) Soffit, 225 x 19 butt jointed Timber shingles on 65 x 16 battens at 150 Wall plate, 100 x 75 corrugated iron roof Eaves gutter, half round profile

Rafters, 90 x 60 at 450 Timber shingles on 65 x 16 battens at 150 Corrugated iron

Landing 7 and Room 8

Room 9

Ceiling<

Flooring

Walls

Door

Rafters Corrugated iron

Single skin, galvanised skillion roof

Concrete floor

North, South, West,

Rendered brick painted on exterior Rendered brick painted on exterior Rendered brick painted on exterior

Batten and ledged timber door

Other

Pull flush white ceramic toilet system.

---,

\ n

DADO - Rooms 1,2,4 and 5

SKIRTING - Rooms 1 and 2

..

ARCHITRAVE - Windows 1,2,4,5,7 and 8 Doors 5 and 8

ARCHITRAVE - Doors 7 and 9

Druwi~ Number 11 Joinery Profiles Scale 1: 1

CONSERVJl.TION PLAN FOR No 30 HARRINGTON...

Documents

Transcript of CONSERVJl.TION PLAN FOR No 30 HARRINGTON...