Piston Engines Types
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Transcript of Piston Engines Types
Piston Engine Propulsion
Types and arrangements
Piston Engine Types - Layouts
Single Inline 3
Vee
Twin
Inline 4
Inline 5
Vee 5 Vee 6 Vee 8
Piston Engine Types - Layouts
Piston Engine Types - Layouts
Firing Order: -
1 – 4 – 3 – 2
Horizontally Opposed (Or flat) 4 Vee 8
1 – 8 – 4 – 3 – 6 – 5 – 7 – 2
Piston Engine Types – 2 Stroke Cycle
Port A –
Crankcase
Inlet
Port C -
ExhaustPort B –
Cylinder
InletPiston rising pulls
fuel/air mixture into
crankcase;
compression
causes combustion
Piston pushed
down forces
fuel/air mixture
into cylinderPiston at BDC
Stroke 2
Piston at TDC
Stroke 1
Mechanical Arrangement – Petrol
Engine Cross
Section
Same mechanical set-up
as petrol engine
Inlet Exhaust
But no spark plugs!
Direct
Injection
Indirect
Injection
Diesel
Combustion initiated by
hot compressed air
Mechanical Arrangement – Wankel Engine
Inlet
Port
Exhaust
Port
Casing
Spark
Plug
Output
Shaft
Rotating
Triangular
‘Piston’
Fixed (non-
rotating)
Pinion
This motion drives the rotating
crankshaft
Which in turn drives the output shaft
The piston rotates around the fixed pinion
But the shape of the piston and
the casing also make the
piston move up and down by a
small amount as well
Rotating
‘Crankshaft’
Engine Cross Section
Points of contact
marked in yellow
Chamber A
Engine Cycle
Chamber C
Inlet
Port
Exhaust
Port
Chamber B
Mechanical Arrangement – Wankel Engine
Mechanical Arrangement – Radial/Rotary Engines
Cylinders
Crankcase
Valve
Gear
Valve
Pushrod
Spark
Plug
Propeller
Mount
Bolts
Radial powered motorbike
Mechanical Arrangement – Radial/Rotary Engines
Radial
(viewed from the side)
Rotary
(viewed from the side)
28 Cylinder Radial
Model
aero
engine
Aircraft
Nose
Aircraft
Nose
RHONE
(viewed from the front)
Radial/Rotary
Flat Twin
Hand
Held
Is there any limits to size?
They go from tiny: -
Mechanical Arrangement – Engine Size
Cylinder
Liners
Cylinder
Block
Cylinder
Head
Bolts
Flywheel
Crankshaft