• PIs: Harvard, NCAR, Scripps, NOAA•Global and seasonal survey of CO2, O2, CH4, CO, N2O, H2,

SF6, COS, CFCs, HCFCs, O3, H2O, CO2 isotopes, Ar, black carbon, and hydrocarbons (over 80 species).•NSF / NCAR Gulfstream V• Five 3-week campaigns over 3 years, across Pacific

between 87 N and 67 S • Continuous profiling between surface and 10-14 km• 64 flights, 460 flight hours, 922 profiles• hippo.ucar.edu, www.eol.ucar.edu/hippo, hippo.ornl.gov

Canterbury, New Zealand Brooks Range, AlaskaPago Pago, American Samoa

HIPPO Aircraft Instrumentation – over 100 measurements of over 80 unique species

O2:N2, CO2, CH4, CO, N2O , other GHGs, CO2 isotopes, Ar/N2, COS, halocarbons, solvent gases, marine emission species, many more

Whole air sampling: NWAS (NOAA), AWAS (Miami), MEDUSA (NCAR/Scripps)

O3 (1 Hz)NOAA GMD O3

T, P, winds, aerosols, cloud waterMTP, wing stores, etc

Black Carbon (1 Hz)NOAA SP2

H2O (1 Hz)Princeton/SWS VCSEL

CO, CH4, N2O, CFCs, HCFCs, SF6, CH3Br, CH3Cl, H2, H2O

NOAA- UCATS, PANTHER GCs (1 per 70 – 200 s)

CO (1 Hz)NCAR RAF CO

O3 (1 Hz)NOAA CSD O3

CO2 (1 Hz)Harvard OMS CO2

O2:N2 , CO2 (1 Hz)NCAR AO2

CO2, CH4, CO, N2O (1 Hz)Harvard/Aerodyne - QCLS

Northern Hemisphere seasonal progression: Jan 2009, Mar 2010, Apr 2010, Jun 2011, Jul 2011, Aug 2011, Sep 2011, Oct 2009, Nov 2009

Altit

ude

Latitude

Science Highlights:• Critical tests of global atmospheric CO2 transport

models that will improve global carbon budgeting

• Spatially integrating CO2 data provides constraints on surface fluxes that are independent of biases in atmospheric transport models

• NCAR AO2 instrument detected the broad influence of Southern Ocean O2 fluxes for the first time, providing information on ocean biogeochemistry and tests for models of carbon-climate feedbacks

• High N2O found by the QCLS instrument aloft over the tropics had not been detected by surface networks, implying significant revisions to global N2O budgets

• Enhanced CH4 concentrations near surface of Arctic, emission from biogenic sources or fossil fuel extraction

• Asian pollution observed high in the Arctic troposphere, biomass burning plumes from SE Asia contributed to large BC loadings over Pacific, and BC loadings in the Southern Hemisphere were much lower than expected

• Short-lived gases emanating from various marine environments across Pacific and from industrial areas

• Signatures of global atmospheric transport modes and influence of convection, isentropic transport and Stratosphere/Troposphere exchange

HIPPO Science Team: Harvard University: S. C. Wofsy, B. C. Daube, R. Jimenez, E. Kort, J. V. Pittman, S. Park, R. Commane, B. Xiang, G. Santoni; (GEOS-CHEM) D. Jacob, J. Fisher, C. Pickett-Heaps, H. Wang, K. Wecht, Q.-Q. Wang

National Center for Atmospheric Research: B. B. Stephens, S. Shertz, P. Romashkin, T. Campos, J. Haggerty, W. A. Cooper, D. Rogers, S. Beaton , R. Lueb, A. Watt

NOAA ESRL and CIRES: J. W. Elkins, D. Fahey, R. Gao, F. Moore, S. A. Montzka, J. P. Schwartz, D. Hurst, B. Miller, C. Sweeney, S. Oltmans, D. Nance, E. Hintsa, G. Dutton, L. A. Watts, R. Spackman, K. Rosenlof, E. Ray

UCSD/Scripps: R. Keeling, J. Bent

Princeton: M. Zondlo, M. Diao

U. Miami: E. A. Atlas

TCCON: V. Sherlock, G. Keppel-Aleks,D. Wunsch

JPL: M. J. Mahoney; (AIRS) M. Chahine, E. Olsen

Cooperating modeling groups: ACTM P. Patra, K. Ishijima; GEMS-MACC R. Engelen; TM3/TM5 Sara Mikaloff-Fletcher