Pip/Tazo: Back in the cards!
Transcript of Pip/Tazo: Back in the cards!
August 2012 IN THIS ISSUE
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Pip/Tazo: Back in the cards! Dealingyouanewwinninghandforsusceptibilitytesting
bioMérieux’s In-Booth Knowledge Forum at the 2012 ASM featured two exciting talks on MALDI-TOF Mass
Spectrometry by Dr. Melissa Miller from UNC School of Medicine, Chapel Hill and Dr. Christine Ginocchio from
Hofstra University North Shore-LIJ Health System School of Medicine, Lake Success, NY.
bioMér ieuxConnect ion August 2012
MALDI-TOFDrawsCrowdatASM2012
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Dr.Miller’stalkcenteredonthe“PowerandPromise”ofMALDI-TOFtechnologyforfutureuseinclinicalmicrobiology.ShedemonstratedthebioMérieuxVITEK®MS*system’sabilitytoconsolidatetheaccurateidentificationsofabreadthofdifferentorganismgroups.TheperformanceofthosestudiedrangedfromroutineGramnegativerodsandGrampositivecocci,variousgenera/speciesofYeastandnon-fermentingGramnegativerodsisolatedfromCysticFibrosispatients.
Dr.Ginocchio’spresentationfocusedonthe“PositiveImpactonResultsandWorkflow”oftheVITEKMS.Shesharedherexperienceswithanelegantworkflowaidedbythesystem’sPrepStation.ThePrepStation’sgraphicalsoftware,simplesample
acquisitionandidentificationresultreportingmaketheVITEKMSeasytouse.HertalkalsofocusedonimpressiveresultsgeneratedacrossGramnegativeandGrampositiveorganismsincludingseveralanaerobicspecies.
TheinterestinVITEKMSMALDI-TOFtechnologywasveryhighasevidencedbythe“standing-room-only”settingforbothtalkswithattendeesspillingintotheperipheryofthepresentationarea.Bothpresentationscanbeviewedonlineatwww.biomerieux-usa.com/education>Symposia>2012ASM.
*Researchuseonly.Notforclinicaluse.
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C O M I N g S O O N :
NewVITEK®2GNASTcardswillbeavailableOctober 1, 2012!
bioMér ieuxConnect ion August 2012
WearepleasedtoannouncethatthenewformulationofPiperacillin/Tazobactam(Pip/Tazo)hasbeengrantedmarketclearancebytheFDA,andwillbeofferedonnewGramnegativeantibioticsusceptibilitytest-ing(GNAST)cardsforboththeVITEK®2andVITEK®2Compactsystems.ThenewGNASTcardswillalsoofferre-developedImipenemwithimprovedperformanceandnewMICcallingranges.
ThenewVITEK2GNASTcardswillrequiresoftwareversion5.04.ThismandatorysoftwareupdateshouldonlybeappliedtoVITEK2systemsinstalledwithVITEK2SystemsSoftware5.01.TheVITEK25.04productupdateincludes:
• Piperacillin/Tazobactamwithnewformulation- MICcallingrange≤4-≥128
• Imipenemwithexpandedcallingrange - NewMICcallingrange≤0.25-≥16
Amulti-centerevaluationofthenewPip/TazoforuseonthenewGNASTcardsforVITEK2andVITEK2Compactsystemswasperformedusingbothclinicalandchallengeisolates.PerformancewasstrongcomparedtoastandardbrothmicrodilutionmethodusingCLSIbreakpoints,showing94.8%
essentialagreement,and94.3%categoricalagreement.
TheAST ConfiguratorisaninteractivetoolthatwillhelpyouandyourclinicianschoosewhichnewGNASTcardisrightforyourinstitution.Simplyplugintheantibioticsthatmeetyourformularyneeds,andtheASTConfiguratortoolwillrecommendthemostlogicalVITEK2cardforyou.Pleasevisitthelinkbelow,andbeginusingtheASTConfiguratortooltoday!
www.totalast.com
VITEK®2GramNegativeSusceptibilityTestCards
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A vA I L A B L e O C TO B e r 1 , 2 0 1 2
SoftwareRequirements:VersionPC5.04ForelectronicmenuandthemostcurrentVITEK2information,pleasevisitwww.biomerieux-usa.com/vitek2Pleasenote:Yourcustomernumberisneededtoaccessthissite.
AST-gN66 (413398)
AmpicillinAmpicillin/Sulbactam
CefazolinCefepimeCefoxitin
CeftazidimeCeftriaxone
CiprofloxacinErtapenem
ESBLConfirmationTestGentamicin
Imipenem(newformula)Levofloxacin
NitrofurantoinPiperacillin/Tazobactam
TobramycinTrimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN70 (413401)
AmikacinAmpicillin
Ampicillin/SulbactamAztreonamCefazolinCefepime
CeftriaxoneCiprofloxacinErtapenem
ESBLConfirmationTestGentamicinMeropenemNitrofurantoin
Piperacillin/TazobactamTigecyclineTobramycin
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN67 (413399)
AmikacinAmpicillin
Ampicillin/SulbactamCefazolinCefepime
CeftazidimeCeftriaxone
CiprofloxacinErtapenem
ESBLConfirmationTestGentamicin
Imipenem(newformula)Levofloxacin
NitrofurantoinPiperacillin/Tazobactam
TobramycinTrimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN71 (413402)
AmikacinAmpicillin
Ampicillin/SulbactamAztreonamCefazolinCefepime
CeftriaxoneCiprofloxacinErtapenem
ESBLConfirmationTestGentamicin
Imipenem(newformula)MeropenemMoxifloxacin
NitrofurantoinTigecyclineTobramycin
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN68 (413431)
AmikacinAmpicillin
Ampicillin/SulbactamCefazolinCefepime
CeftazidimeCeftriaxone
CiprofloxacinDoripenemErtapenem
ESBLConfirmationTestGentamicinLevofloxacin
NitrofurantoinPiperacillin/Tazobactam
TobramycinTrimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN72 (413403)
Amoxicillin/ClavulanicAcidAmpicillinCefalotinCefazolinCefepimeCefoxitin
CefpodoximeCeftazidimeCeftriaxoneCefuroximeCiprofloxacinGentamicinLevofloxacin
NitrofurantoinPiperacillin/Tazobactam
TetracyclineTobramycin
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN69 (413400)
Amoxicillin/ClavulanicAcidAmpicillin
Ampicillin/SulbactamCefazolinCefepime
CeftazidimeCeftriaxone
CiprofloxacinErtapenem
ESBLConfirmationTestGentamicin
Imipenem(newformula)Levofloxacin
NitrofurantoinPiperacillin/Tazobactam
TobramycinTrimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN73 (413404)
AmikacinAmpicillin
Ampicillin/SulbactamCefazolinCefepimeCefoxitin
CeftazidimeCeftriaxone
CiprofloxacinESBLConfirmationTest
GentamicinLevofloxacinMeropenemNitrofurantoin
Piperacillin/TazobactamTobramycin
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-XN06 (413944)*
AmikacinAztreonamCefalotin
CefotaximeCefotetanCefoxitin
CefpodoximeCeftizoximeCefuroximeDoripenemMeropenemMoxiflaxacinNalidixicAcidNorfloxacinPiperacillinTetracyclineTicarcillin
Ticarcillin/ClavulanicAcidTigecycline
AST-gN74 (413941)
AmikacinAmpicillin/Sulbactam
AztreonamCefazolinCefepimeCefoxitin
CeftazidimeCeftriaxoneErtapenemGentamicinLevofloxacinMeropenemNitrofurantoin
Piperacillin/TazobactamTetracyclineTigecyclineTobramycin
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
*LinkswithAST-GN69
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bioMér ieuxConnect ion August 2012
AST-gN75 (413432)
AmikacinAmpicillin
Ampicillin/SulbactamCefazolinCefepimeCefoxitin
CeftazidimeCeftriaxone
CiprofloxacinErtapenem
ESBLConfirmationTestGentamicinLevofloxacinMeropenemNitrofurantoin
PiperacillinTobramycin
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN80 (413437)
AmpicillinAmpicillin/Sulbactam
AztreonamCefazolinCefepime
CeftazidimeCeftriaxoneErtapenem
ESBLConfirmationTestGentamicinLevofloxacinMeropenemNitrofurantoin
Piperacillin/TazobactamTigecyclineTobramycin
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN85 (413874)
AmikacinAmpicillin
Ampicillin/SulbactamAztreonamCefazolinCefepime
CefpodoximeCeftazidimeCeftriaxone
CiprofloxacinDoripenemErtapenemGentamicinMeropenemNitrofurantoin
Piperacillin/TazobactamTigecycline
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN76 (413433)
AmikacinAmpicillinCefazolinCefepimeCefoxitin
CeftazidimeCeftriaxone
CiprofloxacinErtapenem
ESBLConfirmationTestGentamicin
Imipenem(newformula)Levofloxacin
NitrofurantoinPiperacillin/Tazobactam
TigecyclineTrimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN81 (413438)
AmikacinAmoxicillin/ClavulanicAcid
AmpicillinCefazolinCefepimeCefoxitin
CeftazidimeCeftriaxone
CiprofloxacinErtapenemGentamicinLevofloxacinMeropenemNitrofurantoin
Piperacillin/TazobactamTobramycinTetracycline
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN86 (413942)
Amoxicillin/ClavulanicAcidAmpicillin
Ampicillin/SulbactamCefazolinCefepime
CeftazidimeCeftriaxoneCefuroximeCiprofloxacinErtapenem
ESBLConfirmationTestGentamicin
Imipenem(newformula)Levofloxacin
NitrofurantoinTetracyclineTobramycin
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN77 (413434)
AmikacinAmoxicillin/ClavulanicAcid
AmpicillinAztreonamCefazolinCefepimeCefoxitin
CeftriaxoneCiprofloxacinErtapenemGentamicin
Imipenem(newformula)Levofloxacin
NitrofurantoinPiperacillin/Tazobactam
TigecyclineTobramycin
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN82 (413439)
AmikacinAmpicillin/Sulbactam
AztreonamCefazolinCefepime
CeftazidimeCeftriaxone
CiprofloxacinErtapenemGentamicin
Imipenem(newformula)LevofloxacinMeropenem
Piperacillin/TazobactamTigecyclineTobramycin
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN87 (413943)
AmikacinAmpicillin/Sulbactam
CefazolinCefepime
CeftazidimeCeftriaxone
CiprofloxacinErtapenem
ESBLConfirmationTestImipenem(newformula)
LevofloxacinMeropenemNitrofurantoin
Piperacillin/TazobactamTobramycin
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN78 (413435)
AmikacinAmpicillin
Ampicillin/SulbactamCefazolinCefepimeCefoxitin
CeftazidimeCeftriaxone
CiprofloxacinErtapenem
ESBLConfirmationTestImipenem(newformula)
MoxifloxacinNitrofurantoin
Piperacillin/TazobactamTigecycline
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN83 (413440)
AmikacinAmoxicillin/ClavulanicAcid
AmpicillinAmpicillin/Sulbactam
AztreonamCefazolinCefepime
CefotaximeCefoxitin
CeftazidimeCeftriaxoneCefuroximeCiprofloxacinGentamicinMeropenemNitrofurantoin
Piperacillin/TazobactamTrimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN89 (414367)
Amoxicillin/ClavulanicAcidAmpicillinAztreonamCefalotinCefazolinCefipime
CeftazidimeCeftriaxoneErtapenemGentamicinLevofloxacinMeropenemNitrofurantoin
Piperacillin/TazobactamTetracyclineTobramycin
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN79 (413436)
AmikacinAmpicillin
Ampicillin/SulbactamCefazolinCefepimeCefoxitin
CeftazidimeCeftriaxone
CiprofloxacinErtapenem
ESBLConfirmationTestGentamicinMeropenemNitrofurantoin
Piperacillin/TazobactamTobramycin
Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
AST-gN84 (413410)
Amoxicillin/ClavulanicAcidAmpicillinAztreonamCefazolinCefepime
CeftriaxoneCiprofloxacinErtapenem
ESBLConfirmationTestGentamicin
Imipenem(newformula)LevofloxacinMeropenemNitrofurantoinTetracycline
Piperacillin/TazobactamTrimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole
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bioMér ieuxConnect ion August 2012
Agar-BasedTestingbyanMICMethodCriticaltotheManagementofCysticFibrosisPatients
Treatmentinvolvesantibiotictherapytoinhibittheprogressionoftheseinfections.PatientstypicallyvisittheirCFcliniceverythreemonths,duringwhichtheantibioticsusceptibilityoftheirlungfloraisassessedandtheirantibiotictherapyre-evaluated.BecauseoftheuniquepropertiesofbacteriagrowingintheCFlung,evaluationoftheirantibioticsusceptibilityrequiresspecialprotocolsandtechniquesinsteadofthehigh-throughputautomatedmeth-odsemployedformostsamplesinhospitalmicrobiologylaboratories.
bioMérieuxspokewithDr. Blake Buchan,AssociateDirectorofMicrobiologyatDynacareLaboratories,Milwaukee,WIandInstructorofPathologyattheMedicalCollegeofWiscon-sinaboutthespecificissuessurroundingantibioticsusceptibilitytestingforCFisolates.
bioMérieux:DosomelabsspecializeinCFsampletesting?Ifso,why?Isittheequipment,location,labstaffspecialty?
Dr. Buchan:Thereareanumberofhospitals/labsthatareaccreditedbytheCFFounda-tion.ThesecentersarereviewedperiodicallytobesurethattheyareadheringtoCFFoun-dationguidelinesforpatientmanagementandmonitoring/treatmentofCF.ThesecenterstypicallyhaveCFspecialistsonstaffwhoseepatientsbutmayalsohavefacultyinvolvedinactiveresearchprogramsrelatingtoCFandCFmicrobiology.BothChildren’sHospitalofWisconsinandFroedtertHospital/MedicalCollegeofWisconsinareCFFoundationaccreditedcenters.
bioMérieux:ExplaintheproblemsthatarisewhenrelyingonautomatedASTtotestCFsamples.
Dr. Buchan:AutomatedASTsystemsareaneffectivemethodtodetermineMICsformanyofthepathogensencounteredintheclinicallab.IntervalmonitoringofmicrowellculturestodetectgrowthinthepresenceofvariousconcentrationsofantibioticcanreducethetimeittakestoestablishanMIC.However,thesesystemsarenotidealforassessingMICofisolatesfromtheCFlung.
Growthcharacteristicsoftheseisolatescanbequiteabnormalandverydifferentfrom“wildtype”strains.Recurrent/continualexposuretoantibioticscanleadtomutationsthatsignificantlyreducethegrowthrateofsomeofthebacteriapres-ent.Agreatexampleisthesmallcolonyvariants(SCVs)ofS.aureusthatariseinresponsetosulfamethoxazole/trimethoprimtherapy.SimilarreductionsingrowthratecanbeseeninP.aeruginosa,resultingfrommutationsthatconferresistance,
The cause of cystic fibrosis (CF) is a mutation to the cystic fibrosis
transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTr) gene, which is a common
recessive mutation among those of european descent. In individuals that
are homozygous, the mutation disrupts ion transport in the epithelial
cells lining the passageways of the lungs, digestive system, pancreas,
and many other organs. In the lungs, this leads to the buildup of a thick
mucus that fosters chronic infections.
orastheresultofgrowthasabiofilm.Au-tomatedASTsystemscanbeunder-callingofresistanceinthesestrains.ThisoccursbecausenogrowthisdetectablewithinthesamplingtimeframeestablishedintheASTsystemalgorithm.
Anothermajordifferencebetweeniso-latesobtainedfromtheCFlungandthoseobtainedfromotherinfectionsismodalityofgrowth,specificallygrowthasabiofilm.P.aeruginosainparticularwilltendtogrowasabiofilmintheCFlungwhichleadstowholesalechangesingeneexpressionincludingtheoverproductionofalginate.Whenisolatedinculturethesestrainsgrowasextremelymucoidcolonies.Thiscancausetwoproblems.First,thereisageneralreductioningrowthrateasthebacteriaexpendadisproportionalamountofenergyproducingallofthisalginate.Second,thecoloniesarecomposedoffarlessviablebacteria.Thatis,mostofthemassofthecolonyisalginate.WhenmakingstandarddilutionsoftheseisolatesforautomatedAST,youmaysignificantlyunderestimatetheactualCFU/mlpresentandtherebysignificantlyunderinoculatetheautomatedAST.Similartotheeffectofslowgrowingbacteria,theneteffectcanbeunder-callingofresistance.
bioMérieux:TheCysticFibrosisFounda-tionhasrecommendedusingagar-based
methodssuchasdisk-diffusionorEtest®.Whatarethebenefitstosuchmethodsoverthealternatives?
Dr. Buchan:Severalthingscometomind.Agar-basedmethodsofASTarebasedonend-pointobservations(beit18or24hours)ratherthanalgorithmsaimedatdeterminingifgrowthoccurredoverconsecutivetimeintervals.Itpreventscall-ing“susceptible”tooearlyandpotentiallymissinggrowthofslowergrowingbacteriaatlatertimepoints.
Anotheradvantageofagar-basedmethodspertainingspecificallytoisolatesfromCFpatientsisthegrowthmodalityonsolidmediumversusinbrothmicrowells.Growthonsolidmediumbettermimicstheenviron-mentoftheCFlung.Specifically,itallowsthegrowthofP.aeruginosaasabiofilm.Forvariousreasonsrangingfromphysicalproperties(reduceddiffusionofantibiotics)tometabolicproperties(generallyreducedrateofmetabolisminabiofilm),isolatesgrowingasabiofilmaremoreresistanttoantibioticsthanfree-livingor“planktonic”counterparts.ItmakessensetoassessthesusceptibilityofisolatesgrowingasabiofilmratherthanplanktonicallyinbrothsincethisistheformthatantibiotictherapymustbeeffectiveattreatingduringCFexacerbations.
AnothercharacteristicofP.aeruginosagrowinginbiofilmsistheevolutionofdifferentcolonymorphotypesandatrendtowardincreasedantibioticresistance.Oneofthemanifestationsofthiscanbe“het-eroresistance”.Thisoccurswhenthereisasubpopulationwithinaculturethathasincreasedresistancetoadrugduetoarecentmutationorreducedgrowthrate.ThisphenomenonismorecommoninGram-positiveorganismsbutisalsoseeninP.aeruginosaisolatedfromCFlungs.Onsolidmedia,heteroresistanceisobservedastinyisolatedcolonieswithinthediskorEteststripzoneofinhibition.Whensubcultured,thesecolonieswilloftendemonstrateele-vatedresistanceascomparedtotheparentstrain.Strainsdisplayingheteroresistancecouldberefractorytotherapyduetotheresistantsubpopulation.Withbroth-basedtestingthisresistantsubpopulationiseasytooverlooksinceitisonlyaminorconstitu-entofthebacterialpopulationandmaynotachievesufficientgrowthtobedetectedbyautomatedASTsystems.
Agar-baseddiskorEtestmethodsalsoallowthelabtobenimbleinresponsetochangesinhospitalformulary,newantibiot-ics,andchangingbreakpoints.RevisionofbreakpointscanbeamajorproblemforautomatedASTpanelsthattypicallyhavea
narrowrangeofdilutionsforeachantibi-otictomaximizethenumberofantibioticsthatcanbeincludedonasinglepanel.Ifbreakpointsarerevisedoutofthisrange,manufacturersneedtodevelopnewpanelsthatneedtobeevaluatedbytheFDAthroughclinicaltrials.Thiscandramaticallyslowtimetomarketanddelayadoptionofnewbreakpointsbyclinicallaboratories.Incontrast,diskdiffusionmethodandEtestarecapableofmuchwidergradientsofantibioticconcentrationallowingflexibilityinadjustingtochangingbreakpoints.
TO READ THE FULL INTERVIEW WITH DR. BUCHAN, please visit Connection Online, www.biomerieux-usa.com/connection
EarlyinCF,theisolatesarerelativelysusceptibletomanyantibiotics.Asresistanceincreases,MICdatacanbeusedtochangeoroptimizetherapy.
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bioMér ieuxConnect ion August 2012
BlakeW.Buchan,PhD,isInstructorofPathol-ogyattheMedicalCollegeofWisconsinandAssociateDirectorofMicrobiologyatDynacareLaboratories,Milwaukee,WI.HisinterestsincludeMALDI-TOFMS,PCR,andMicroarray-baseddiagnosticsforthedetectionofbacterial,viralandfungalpathogens,aswellasdetectionofthoseetiologiesdirectlyfromspecimensandtheuseofnoveltechniquesforantimicrobialsusceptibilitytesting.
CO
easyMAG®
Sputum
Isola
Color Gram
chromID™
Smart IncubatorSystem VITEK® 2
VITEK MS™
Myla®
VILINK®
Etest®
VITEK® 2 AES™
Detection Collection Sample Prep Culture Identification Sensitivity Interpretation Reporting Decision
EasyQ®/ARGENE
The Microbiology Pathway:from Collection to Care
CollectionThe Pathway
ContaminationWorkflow issues
Sample Prep
Avoid rework
Culture
Quality
Identification
Time and Coverage
Sensitivity
Time and Coverage
Interpretation
Intelligence
Reporting
Efficiency
Care
Confidence
FormoreinformationaboutEtest®forCFisolateAST,contactyourlocalsalesrepresentativeorvisitwww.biomerieux-usa.com/Etest
P A g E 8
BabyBoomersandSepsis:TheLoomingCrisisandtheToolstoAvertIt
Those65yearsofageandolderaccountforone-eighthofthetotalU.S.population,yetthisgroupaccountsfortwo-thirdsofallsepsiscases—andtheBabyBoomergenera-tionisnowincreasingthispatientdemo-graphicexponentially.Fortunatelytherearetoolssuchasprocalcitonin(PCT)testing,alongwithEarlyGoalDirectedTherapy(EGDT)forsepsisthathospitalscanrelyontosavelives.Thechallengeisgettingmorehospitalstousethesetools.
“ThefirstU.S.BabyBoomerswillturn65in2011,inauguratingarapidincreaseintheolderpopulationduringthe2010to2030period.Theolderpopulationin2030ispro-jectedtobedoublethatof2000,growingfrom35millionto72million,”accordingtoastudypublishedbytheU.S.Dept.ofCensusin2005titled“65+intheUnitedStates:CurrentPopulationReportsSpecialStudy.”
Datapresentedatthe2011CHESTcon-ferencedemonstratetheimpactsepsisishavingonpatients65andolderwhohaveanunderlyingmedicalconditionthatleadstoimmunosuppression.ThestudybyFernandezetal.concludedthatelderlypatientswithseveresepsisandimmunosup-pression,lungmetastasis,neutropenia,andcisplatintherapyhavea30-daymortalityratemuchhigherthansepsispatientsinthisagegroupwhodonothavetheseconditionsortherapies.Theseimmunosuppressed
patientsrepresentedextremelycommon(andgrowing)diseasestatesandtherapiesincludingcancerandsteroidtherapy.
Twostepscouldbetakenimmediatelytohelppreventthisloomingcrisis:
1. Requirehospitalstomakesepsisacoremeasureandpushforstandardizingprotocolsandreportingmortalityrates.Untilthathappens,sepsiswillbeoneofhundredsofproblemscompetingforscarceresourcesandprioritystatus.
2. Adoptscreeningtestsforsepsis,suchasPCT,asstandardbloodtestsforallelderlypatientswhoareadmittedtothehospital.Asnotedearlier,thispopulationisatincreasedrisk,andmaynotalwaysdisplaytheclassicSIRS(systemicinflam-matoryresponsesyndrome)criteriabecauseofcomorbidconditionsandconcomitantmedications.
PCTisoneofthemoreusefulbiomarkersforsepsis.Itwillrisewellbeforelactatelevels,
allowingearlytherapypriortothedevelop-mentofshockforsepticpatients.PCTcouldbecomeanothermarkertobringpatientsintoEGDTbesidesbloodpressureandlactatelevels.PCTalsoprovidesanearlierdiagnosisofinfectioninpatientsalreadyinthehospitalforotherreasons.Earlyappropri-ateantibioticsmaybethemostimportanteffectorofmortalityinsepsis,andPCTwilloftenrisebeforeclinicaldiagnosisofinfec-tionismade,allowingforearlierinitiationofantimicrobials.PCTwillalsohelpdistinguishsepsisfromnon-sepsisSIRS.Andfinally,PCTcanassistindefiningthecauseofshockorlacticacidosisinunstablepatientsthatpres-entbutforwhomdiagnosisisstillunclear.PCTriseswithbacterialsepsis,butusuallydoesnotincasesofhypovolemic,cardio-genic,orobstructiveshock.
Forthetruthtobetold,wephysiciansarejustnotasgoodatdiagnosingsepsisaswethinkweare.Withoutadditionalbiomark-erslikelactateandPCT,doctorsattemptingtodiagnosesepsisatthebedsideareonlyabout70-80percentaccurate.Forsuchadeadly(buttreatable)condition,thissimplyisn’tgoodenough.Ibelievethatthroughmorewidespreaduseofprocalcitonin,95percentaccuracyisveryattainable.
The number of sepsis cases in the United States is increasing and, due to an aging population, an increase in underlying conditions that can cause immunosuppression and the growing problem of antibiotic resistance, the sepsis-vulnerable community is getting larger.
WithoutadditionalbiomarkerslikelactateandPCT,doctorsattemptingtodiagnosesepsisatthebedsideareonlyabout70-80%accurate.
bioMér ieuxConnect ion August 2012
MarkOltermann,M.D.,isdirectoroftheMedicalICUandViceChairmanoftheDepartmentofInternalMedicineatJohnPeterSmithHospital,a430-bedLevel1
traumacenterinFortWorth,Texas.Hemanagesfourfull-timeintensivistsatthehospital,whichishometothecountry’slargest
FamilyPracticeResidency.
Every 3-4 seconds someone dies of sepsis.
Join the fight against sepsis – World Sepsis Day September 13, 2012.
Formoreinformation,visitwww.world-sepsis-day.orgorwww.SepsisKnowFromDay1.com.
“MortalityofElderlyPatientsWithImmunosuppressionandSevereSepsis,”JuanFernandez,MD;AndrewShorr,MD;EricMortensen,MD;AntonioAnzueto,MDandMarcosRestrepo,MD,CHEST2011,abstract.
Procalcitonin,anewbiomarkerwithrapidresultsin20minutesforclearindicationsof:
• Systemicbacterialinfections• SevereSepsis• SepticShock
Severe Sepsis Strikes 750,000 Americans Every Year.*The first hour is critical – the first 24 hours can be decisive.Procalcitonin provides critical biomarker information that can helpincreasetheaccuracyofearlysepsisdiagnosis.
Learn more at: www.SepsisKnowFromDay1.com
VisitusatIDWeek2012,October17-21,inSanDiegoatBooth#421.
*AngusDC,Linde-ZwirbleWT,LidickerJ,etal.EpidemiologyofseveresepsisintheUnitedStates:Analysisofincidence,outcome,andassociatedcostsofcare.CritCareMed2001;29:1303-1310.
©2012BIOMÉRIEUX,INC.•BIOMÉRIEUX,THEBLUELOGOANDVIDASAREUSEDPENDINGAND/ORREGISTEREDTRADEMARKSBELONGINGTOBIOMÉRIEUXSAORONEOFITSSUBSIDIARIES.
Gold is the new blackNew BacT/ALERT® media
Taking a leap forward with Adsorbent Polymeric Beads (APB) media
Gold is the new blackNew BacT/ALERT® media
Taking a leap forward with Adsorbent Polymeric Beads (APB) media
• StreamlinedmethodforupdatingBacT/ALERT®3Dfirmware
• KeyboardnavigationontheEditDataRelationshipsscreens
• Electronicrecordoffirmwareupdatesandbarcodecustomizations
• ForSelectLinkconfigurationsonly:Time-to-DetectionresultincludedwhensendingpreliminaryresultstotheLaboratoryInformationSystem(LIS)
• Bottlereadingsrecalculatedintheeventofanalgorithmchangewhenidentifyinganonymouslyloadedbottles
Thefirmwareupdatehasanew“AlgorithmRecalculation”featurethatdecreasesthenumberoffalsepositivesduetoanonymouslyloadedbottles.Onceananonymouslyloadedbottleisscanned,anewmessageboxwillappear.
Whenbottlesareloadedanonymously,readingsareanalyzedusingthestandarddefaultalgorithm.WiththeB.40firmwareupdate,whenanonymousbottlesareidentified,thefirmwarewillre-analyzethebottlereadingsusingthealgorithmspecificforthatbottletype.
WhentheBacT/ALERT3DVersionB.40firmwarerecognizesthatthebottletypeusesanalgorithmotherthanthestandarddefaultalgorithm,analarmsoundsandaCode931operatormessageappearstoinformtheoperatorthatthetestresultwillberecalculated.
Newoperatormessageboxappearsonceanonymousbottleisscanned:
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B.40FirmwareUpgrade
C O M I N g S O O N :
bioMér ieuxConnect ion August 2012
bioMérieux will begin shipping out the latest firmware update for the BacT/ALerT® 3D system.
The following features are included in the BacT/ALerT 3D version B.40 firmware update:
Keep this article as a reminder of the Algorithm recalculation message.
B.40 Firmware upgrade
Old Algorithm
New Algorithm
Bottle ID
Coming Soon:
Beginning in March, bioMérieux will begin shipping out the latest firmware update for the BacT/ALERT® 3D system. The following features are included in the BacT/ALERT 3D Version B.40 firmware update:
streamlined method for updating BacT/ALERT® 3D firmwarekeyboard navigation on the Edit Data Relationships screenselectronic record of firmware updates and barcode customizationsfor SelectLink configurations only: Time-to-Detection result included when sending preliminary results to the Laboratory Information System (LIS)bottle readings recalculated in the event of an algorithm change when identifying anonymously loaded bottles
The firmware update has a new “Algorithm Recalculation” feature that decreases the number of false positives due to anonymously loaded bottles. Once an anonymously loaded bottle is scanned, a new message box will appear.
When bottles are loaded anonymously, readings are analyzed using the standard default algorithm. With the B.40 firmware update, when anonymous bottles are identified, the firmware will re-analyze the bottle readings using the algorithm specific for that bottle type.
When the BacT/ALERT® 3D Version B.40 firmware recognizes that the bottle type uses an algorithm other than the standard default algorithm, an alarm sounds and a Code 931 operator message appears to inform the operator that the test result will be recalculated.
New operator message box appears once anonymous bottle is scanned:
Keep this article as a reminder of the Algorithm Recalculation message.
B.40 Firmware upgrade
Old Algorithm
New Algorithm
Bottle ID
Coming Soon:
Beginning in March, bioMérieux will begin shipping out the latest firmware update for the BacT/ALERT® 3D system. The following features are included in the BacT/ALERT 3D Version B.40 firmware update:
streamlined method for updating BacT/ALERT® 3D firmwarekeyboard navigation on the Edit Data Relationships screenselectronic record of firmware updates and barcode customizationsfor SelectLink configurations only: Time-to-Detection result included when sending preliminary results to the Laboratory Information System (LIS)bottle readings recalculated in the event of an algorithm change when identifying anonymously loaded bottles
The firmware update has a new “Algorithm Recalculation” feature that decreases the number of false positives due to anonymously loaded bottles. Once an anonymously loaded bottle is scanned, a new message box will appear.
When bottles are loaded anonymously, readings are analyzed using the standard default algorithm. With the B.40 firmware update, when anonymous bottles are identified, the firmware will re-analyze the bottle readings using the algorithm specific for that bottle type.
When the BacT/ALERT® 3D Version B.40 firmware recognizes that the bottle type uses an algorithm other than the standard default algorithm, an alarm sounds and a Code 931 operator message appears to inform the operator that the test result will be recalculated.
New operator message box appears once anonymous bottle is scanned:
Keep this article as a reminder of the Algorithm Recalculation message.
2012 EVENTS CALeNDAr
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