Grade SMYSB 35,000X42 42,000X52 52,000X60 60,000

ENGINEERING QUICK REFERENCE CARD

For On-Plot Piping: ASME B31.3

tmin= t /0.875

For Off-Plot Piping: ASME B31.4

Notes: E, for off-plot piping, is not included as it equals 1.00 for all welded or seamless pipe used by Saudi ARAMCO.Mill tol. is not subtracted for off-plot piping.DF (Design Factor) SAES-L-003 unless otherwise noted.(Location Class defined in ASME B31.8 & SAES B-064)Location Class 1 (Cross Country Piping) 0.72 Location Class 2 , (Highways) 0.60field manifolds, jumpovers, scrapers 0.60 Subkha or tidal flats 0.60 Location Class 3 (≤440 m of SSD fence) 0.50 Well head manifolds (Oil/SWD/PWI) 0.50 SAES-L-022Location Class 4 (≤500 m of residences) 0.40

Threaded Piping1) Minimum thread engagement (SAES-L-010)

Nominal Pipe Size½ & ¾” 1 to 1½” 2 to 3”* 4”*

Min. Number of Threads Engaged6 7 8 10

*Max. threaded connection size in hazardous service is 1½”. Larger sizes are restricted to air and utility water.2) Seal weld all threaded connections in hazardous service. INSP

to visually check all seal welds under op. press.3) Do not seal weld:

a) Thermowellsb) Plugsc) Union couplingsd) Instr. piping downstream of root valvee) Downstream of root valve discharging to gravity sewer.

Instrument Tubing

Hydrostatic Pressure Calculations SAES-L-056Lower of:1) Flange Limit2) 90% Yield (Use off-plot piping formula with DF=0.90)

a) for on-plot piping, t = 0.875tnom

b) for off-plot piping t = tnom 3) Revalidation of existing piping only, use Code requirements:

a) On-plot piping, Phydro = 1.5 x MAOP (ANSI B31.3)b) Off-plot piping, Phydro = 1.25 x MAOP (SAES-L-056)

MAOP = 1200 psig for Ghawar Field wells (SAES-L-022)c) Oil well head manifolds, Phydro = 1.4 x MAOP

(ASME B31.8, Loc. Class 3)d) Water well head manifolds, Phydro = 1.25 x MAOP

(ASME B31.8, Loc. Class 1)MAOP = 3000 psig (oil & water inj. wells)

Notes: Item #3 must always be met or exceeded by Items 1 & 2.Do not use item #3 above for limiting testing pressures for new piping or new spools.Do not inspect a line under hydrotest. Lower the pressure to MAOP after the hydrotest to inspect for leaks.

Mill Tolerances for Wall Thickness (API 5L Table 9)

Pipe Size Type Grade B X42 & Higher≤2” All +20.0% -12.5% +15.0% -12.5%3-18” All +15.0 -12.5 +15.0 -12.5≥20” Welded +17.5 -12.5 +19.5 -8.0≥20” Smls +15.0 -12.5 +17.5 -10.0

Flange & Valve Pressures (for CS flanges A-105, A-350 LF2)ANSI ClassGroup 1.1

MAWP.* (psig)

Hydro Press.(psig)

Valve Seat Test P (psig)

150 285 450 315300 740 1125 815600 1480 2225 1630800+ 1975 2975 2175900 2220 3350 24451500 3705 5575 40752500 6170 9275 6790

API 6A ≤14” ≥16”3000 3000 6000 4500 30005000 5000 10,000 10,000 500010,000 10,000 15,000 15,000 10,000

*Working Pressure at -20ºF to 100ºF. See ANSI B16.34 for other temperature and material ratings. Other materials (eg stainless steels) can also be found on the Hot Tap Manual, Attach #10.+ API Standard 602

S =16,700 (316L SS) =16,500 (Monel)D = tube OD (usually 0.500 in.)

Y = 0.4 For CS & SS < 900OFS = 20,000 psig For Grade BE = 1.00 For Smls, 0.85 ERW or 0.95 SAWP = Design Pressure, psigD = Outside Diameter, inchtmin = Min Thick Requ’d, inchtnom = Nominal Thick, incht = Calculated Thick, inch

Welded Piping SAES-L-010Pipes to be welded should have a thickness ratio of 1.5 or less. This includes matching pipe of a lower grade. For ratios greater than 1.5, a transition piece should be used.

Stress Relief

On-Plot Welds ≤¾" do not require stress relief. ANSI B.31.3Off Plot Welds ≤1¼” do not require stress relief. ANSI B.31.4Welds 1¼”-1½” do not require stress relief if a min. preheat temp. of 200 ºF is used.

Minimum Wall

For on-plot piping, tmin = t/0.875 (B31.3)For off-plot corroded pipelines, tmin = 0.9 t(calculated pressure design thickness) For off-plot isolated pitting, 0.2t< tmin <0.9t depending upon the effective length (Lm) of the corrosion.1) Use Sleeve97 to evaluate off-plot and on-plot corrosion.2) SAEP-306 applies to corroded off-plot piping.

Dead Leg SAES-L-012

L>3D or L>1.22 m (L=length of dead leg, D= pipe OD)A dead leg may be internally coated rather than removed.

Restriction Orifice Sizing

Gas (P1>2P2)

Liquids (d/D<0.3)

Line Sizing (Single phase) Chemical Engineering Rules of ThumbLiquid: Size pipe for velocity of 5+D/3 ft/s or 2.0 psi/100 ftPump Suction: Size for 1.3+D/6 ft/s, 0.4 psi/100 ft Max. Liquid Velocity CS lines/HC service = 4.6 m/s SAES-L-032

Gas: Size for 20D ft/s, 0.5 psi/100ft where D=pipe size (inches)Max. Gas Velocity = 18.3 m/s SAES-L-032

Volume of gas at T&PPV=ZNRT

Pumps

where eff=pump efficiency

Evaporation Rates From Pits (Bill Conners-CSD/Env. Engrg)Winter 85 mm per month Summer 295 mm per monthOverall Average 166 mm per month orPit size to be 1000 m2 per GPM water inflowElectrical

Depth of Cover (SAES-L-046 is confusing)Camel crossings 0.914m (3 ft)Rig road crossings 1.524m (5 ft)U/G piping 0.450m (SAES-L-012)

MaterialsA-105 flanges 12” and smaller are acceptable in Class 150 & 300.A-105 flanges 6” and smaller are acceptable in Class 600.Otherwise use A-350 LF2, LF6 Cl 1 or 2, A-707 L3 or L5Pipe for sour wet service to be seamless or meet 01-SAMSS-016.Use CPCV for sweet water piping-not galv. pipe.

Common Plant Paint Coating SystemsAPCS Common Usage2A Internal coating of all vessels and piping in water

service.2B Internal coating of drinking water tanks3 External coal-tar epoxy coating of steel in immersion

service. (eg. Steel in the oil recovery pit)4 Aluminum paint for structural steel or plant piping to.

80ºC6 Structural steel for another color than aluminum to

70ºC9 Battery room floors10 External coating of buried concrete anchors or pipe

supports.12 Steel and concrete floors26 Maintenance coating over APCS-4 or 6 where surface

prep. is limited to hand/power tools. (Typically for repainting equipment where sandblasting cannot be used.)

100 Shop applied (Qahtani) internal baked epoxy pipe coating

109 Tapewrap for flowlines to repair existing tape wrap only.

113 Maintenance for external coating of pipelines such as camel crossings and short lengths of buried pipe.

Miscellaneous

Water Cut

Oil Shrinkage Factor = 0.96 (between GOSP & terminal storage)(UOED/SGUOEU-080/94)SCECO Power $0.0268/KW-Hr (UOED/SGUOEU-769/94)Gas Value $0.73/MMBTU (HPPT gas = 1220 BTU/SCF)

Useful Engrg. Programs Found under J:\UOED\ENGR\

NAME DESCRIPTIONOrivalve 32 Control Valve Folder. Supercedes Oricalc2. Sizes

control valves, flow orifices & venturis, calculates meter factors, size restriction orifices. Optimized for GOSPs & WIPS

Isacv Sizes Control Valves For Fisher And Others (ISA).

Mconvert An excellent program to convert any unit to another.

Pipe Sizing Three programs for pipe sizing in excel including three phase.

Headerx Under Pipe Sizing folder. Calculates back-pressures in flare lines. Use to size flare and relief lines.

Hottap97 Hottap calculations Sleeve97 Evaluate corroded piping, calculate sleeve

thickness for pressure and non-pressureHydinhib Calculation of hydrate points and inhibitor

treatments for gas linesJustheat Piping heat loss with and without insulationHeatalyz Economics of installing insulationRvalve Sizes ISA relief valvesThremxa Sizes thermal relief valvesCrosby Sizes Crosby relief valves specificallyVliqhor Calculates the volume of liquid by height in a

horizontal vesselVessel Calculates vessel weight

W=lb/hr d=bore (in)P1= psia T1=ºRZ=compress. ºR=ºF+4601=upstream 2=dwnstream

Q=gpm d=bore (in)H=ft liquid ΔP=psid

P=psia V=cu. FtR=10.73 T=ºR=ºF+460Z=compressibility factor=0.97 HPPT gas =0.98 LPPT gasN=lb-moles (1 lb-mole=380 SCF gas)

I=amps V=voltsE=motor eff. (name plate or data sht)≈0.90 for 480 V motors≈0.95 for 4160V or 13.8 kV motors Pf=power factor (name plate or data sht) ave Pf ≈0.90

Remaining Life Calculation

1) The design pressure and pipe schedule can be found from the line designation table for desalting or from the relief pressure and piping specifications for gas gathering.

2) The minimum wall is measured by INSP in millimeters. Convert to

inches .

3) The pipe wall around the corrosion can be found from the corrosion survey.

4) Corrosion Corrosion = original wall – remaining corroded wall thickness.

Original wall

a) Nominal wall or

b) The nominal wall plus (positive)mill tolerance.

5) Corrosion rate

assume corrosion started when piping was originally installed For the oil side, assume corrosion started when desalting was installed. (ie. No corrosion occurred when the GOSP was operating with zero water cut)

assume all corrosion occurred over the past 5 years.

calculate three ways: original piping installation under both original wall assumptions and the 5 year corrosion rate using nominal wall only.

6) tmin use ASME B31.3 (on-plot) or B31.4 (off-plot)

7) Remaining Life (years) =

(Calculate for the three scenarios)

8) Based on the remaining life table, what pipe should be replaced during T&I or routine shutdown can be determined.

Note: The pipe should be replaced immediately if the remaining wall is below the minimum wall. For off-plot piping, the minimum wall should be as calculated for corroded pipelines as per SAEP-306.