Piper Seneca II - Airborne · PDF fileVH-JBP (Version: 20160714) - 2 - Performance –...

QQuuiicckk RReeffeerreennccee HHaannddbbooookk

Piper Seneca II

VH-JBP

Last revised: 14 July 2016

© 2016 Airborne Aviation Pty Ltd

www.airborne-aviation.com.au

THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK

Contents

Aircraft Overview

General Information ........................................................................... 1

Equipment and Features ..................................................................... 1

Recency and Restrictions ..................................................................... 1

Panel Photo ....................................................................................... 1

Performance – Specifications

Summary of Aircraft Performance and Specifications .............................. 2

Operating Limitations

Airspeeds .......................................................................................... 3

Power Plant ....................................................................................... 4

Fuel System ...................................................................................... 4

Tyre Pressures ................................................................................... 4

Manoeuvre / Load Limits ..................................................................... 4

Weight & Balance

Weight and Moment Tabulations .......................................................... 5

Loading Arrangements ........................................................................ 6

Centre of Gravity Moment Envelope ...................................................... 7

Sample Configurations ........................................................................ 8

Performance Charts

Takeoff Distances at 1927 Kgs (4250 Lbs) ............................................. 9

Landing Distances at 1817 Kgs (4006 Lbs) ........................................... 10

Checklists

Normal Operations ............................................................................ 11

Emergency Operations ....................................................................... 24

Notes

Your Personal Notes .......................................................................... 34

NOTICE

The information and figures contained in this booklet are to be used for general purposes only. This document is

not a substitute for the approved aeroplane flight manual.

Report errors to [email protected]

VH-JBP (Version: 20160714) - 1 - www.airborne-aviation.com.au

Aircraft Overview

This Seneca is our multi-engine and IFR trainer.

It is ideal for Instrument Rating training (IFR) and Multi Engine

endorsements for pilots wishing to further their skills. With long endurance,

big load carrying abilities and a high cruise speed this aircraft is also great

for cross-country touring.

Equipment & Features

- Dual NAV/COM

- Garmin 530

- Bendix/King HSI

- Strike Finder

- DME, VOR, ADF

- HF Radio

- Transponder

- Dual axis autopilot with altitude pre-select

Recency & Restrictions

Private Hire: Company check flight and type endorsement.

Dual training: No restrictions.

Recency: Flown type (or similar) in last 45 days.

Panel Photo


Performance – Standard Specifications

SPEED

Maximum at Sea Level ....................................................... 170 KTS

Cruise, 80% Power at 7000 Ft ............................................. 175 KTS

CRUISE

Using recommended lean mixture with fuel allowance for engine start, taxi,

takeoff, climb and 45 minutes reserve.

65% Power at 6000 Ft ............................................... Range 700 NM

465.6 Litres Usable Fuel .............................................. Time 4.4 HRS

RATE OF CLIMB AT SEA LEVEL @ 2141 Kgs: ...............................1200 FPM

SERVICE CEILING: ................................................................. 25,000 FT

TAKEOFF PERFORMANCE - MTOW @ Sea Level:

Ground Roll ....................................................................... 1100 FT

Total Distance Over 50 Ft. Obstacle ...................................... 1420 FT

LANDING PERFORMANCE:

Ground Roll ....................................................................... 1400 FT

Total Distance Over 50 Ft. Obstacle ...................................... 2620 FT

STALL SPEED:

Flaps Up, Power Off ............................................................ 63 KIAS

Flaps Down, Power Off ........................................................ 61 KIAS

MAXIMUM WEIGHT:

Takeoff............................................................................ 2073 Kgs

Landing ........................................................................... 1969 Kgs

Zero Fuel ......................................................................... 1814 Kgs

STANDARD EMPTY WEIGHT ..................................................... 1454 Kgs

MAXIMUM USEFUL LOAD ............................................................ 619 Kgs

BAGGAGE ALLOWANCE ................................................................ 90 Kgs

WING LOADING ............................................................... 22.0 Lbs/Sq Ft

POWER LOADING ................................................................ 11.4 Lbs/HP

FUEL CAPACITY ................................................................... 484.5 Litres

OIL CAPACITY .............................................................................. 8 QTS

ENGINES: 2 x Continental ........................................................ TSIO-360

200 BHP at 2575 RPM

PROPELLER: Diameter – 2 -blade ................................................... 76 IN

Constant Speed, Hydraulically Actuated, Fully Feathering.

The above performance figures are based on the indicated weights, standard atmospheric conditions, level hard-surface dry runways and no wind. They are calculated values derived from flight tests conducted by Piper Aircraft Inc. under carefully documented conditions and will vary with individual airplanes and numerous other factors affecting flight performance.


Operating Information

AIRSPEEDS - NORMAL OPERATIONS

Takeoff:

Normal Climb Out ............................................................. 100 KIAS

Short Field Takeoff, Flaps 25º, Speed at 50 ft ........................ 69 KIAS

Enroute Climb, Flaps Up:

Normal, sea level .............................................................. 120 KIAS

Best Rate-of-Climb ............................................................. 89 KIAS

Best Angle-of-Climb ............................................................ 76 KIAS

Landing Approach (1969.5 Kgs):

Normal Approach Flaps Up ................................................... 92 KIAS

Normal Approach, Flaps FULL ............................................... 87 KIAS

Short Field Approach, Flaps FULL .......................................... 78 KIAS

Balked Landing (1969.5 Kgs):

Maximum Power, Flaps 20º .................................................. 89 KIAS

V-Speeds:

Vne (never exceed) .......................................................... 195 KIAS

Vno (Maximum structural cruising speed) ............................ 163 KIAS

Vfe (Stage 1) ................................................................... 138 KIAS

Vfe (Stage 2) ................................................................... 121 KIAS

Vfe (Stage 3) ................................................................... 107 KIAS

Vle .................................................................................. 129 KIAS

Vlo.................................................................................. 107 KIAS

Vmca ................................................................................ 66 KIAS

Design Maneuvering Speed:

2141 Kgs ......................................................................... 136 KIAS

1391.6 Kgs ...................................................................... 121 KIAS

Maximum Demonstrated Crosswind Velocity:

Takeoff or landing ............................................................ 17 KNOTS

Stall Speed:

Flaps Up, Power Off ............................................................ 63 KIAS

Flaps Down, Power Off ........................................................ 61 KIAS

Unless otherwise noted, the speeds listed above are based on a maximum

weight and may be used for any lesser weight. To achieve the performance

specified in the performance section for take-off distance of the aircraft

approved flight manual, the speed appropriate to the particular weight

must be used.


POWER PLANT

Oil Type: ........................................................................ W100 / 15W50

Oil Quantities

Maximum: (Company policy) .................................................. 7 QTS

Minimum: (Company policy) ................................................ 5.5 QTS

Engine operating limits including RPM, pressures, and temperatures, can be

found by referring to the green arcs and red lines on applicable gauges.

Detailed information can also be found in the approved flight manual.

FUEL SYSTEM

Total Capacity: .................................................................. 484.5 Litres.

Total Usable: ..................................................................... 465.6 Litres.

Fuel Consumption per hour: ................................. 90 litres / 23.6 gallons.

Approved Fuels:

Option A ......................................... 100LL Grade Aviation Fuel (Blue)

Option B .......................................... 100 Grade Aviation Fuel (Green)

TYRE PRESSURES

Nose wheel: ............................................................................... 31 PSI

Main wheels: .............................................................................. 51 PSI

MANOEUVRE / LOAD LIMITS

This aeroplane is certified in the normal category. The normal category is

applicable to aircraft intended for non-aerobatic operations. These include

any manoeuvres incidental to normal flying, stalls (except whip stalls).

Aerobatic manoeuvres, including spins, are NOT approved.

Flight Load Factors:

Flaps Up ............................................................................... +3.8g

No inverted manoeuvrers approved

The design load factors are 150% of the above, and in all cases, the

structure meets or exceeds design loads.


Weight and Balance

SAMPLE LOADING PROBLEM


LOAD CHART


SAMPLE CONFIGURATIONS

WARNING

THIS TABLE IS PROVIDED AS A GUIDE ONLY. THE AEROPLANE NEEDS TO BE LOADED WITHIN THE SPECIFIED CENTRE OF GRAVITY MOMENT ENVELOPE FOUND IN THE APPROVED FLIGHT MANUAL.

MMAAXXIIMMUUMM PPAASSSSEENNGGEERR && BBAAGGGGAAGGEE WWEEIIGGHHTTSS

- 75% cruise power @ 6000 FT - 23.6 gal / 90 litres per hour. - 45 minute reserve fuel included in fuel required.

- Taxi fuel not included, add approximately 10 litres. - Nose baggage max. 45 Kg, rear baggage max. 45 Kg.

1.0 Hour Flight Fuel Required: 41.3 gals / 157.5 litres / 113 Kg

Pax / Baggage: 463 Kg 1.5 Hour Flight Fuel Required: 53.1 gals / 202.5 litres / 145 Kg

Pax / Baggage: 369 kg 2.0 Hour Flight

Fuel Required: 64.9 gals / 247.5 litres / 226 Kg Pax / Baggage: 288 Kg 3.0 Hour Flight Fuel Required: 88.5 gals / 337.5 litres / 290 Kg Pax / Baggage: 224 Kg

4.0 Hour Flight

Fuel Required: 112.1 gals / 426 litres / 307 Kg Pax / Baggage: 207 Kg 4.4 Hour Flight Fuel Required: 122.5gals / 465.6 litres / 335 Kg

Pax / Baggage: 179 Kg


Performance Charts

TAKE OFF DISTANCE NORMAL PROCEDURE


CLIMB PERFORMANCE


POWER SETTING TABLE - 45% AND 55% POWER


POWER SETTING TABLE - 65% AND 75% POWER


LANDING DISTANCE NORMAL PROCEDURE


Checklists – Normal Operations

This section describes the recommended procedures for the conduct of

normal operations for the Seneca II. All of the required procedures and

those necessary for the safe operation of the airplane as determined by the

operating and design features of the airplane are presented.

These procedures are provided to present a source of reference and review

and to supply information on procedures which are not the same for all

aircraft. Pilots should familiarize themselves with the procedures given in

this section in order to become proficient in the normal operations of the

airplane.

PREFLIGHT INSPECTION

CABIN

1. Pilots Operating Handbook and GPS handbook -- AVAILABLE IN THE

AEROPLANE.

2. Air sickness bags -- ONBOARD.

3. Aeroplane weight and balance -- WITHIN LIMITS.

4. Aeroplane performance and range -- COMPUTED AND SAFE.

5. Landing gear control – DOWN POSITION.

6. Avionics -- OFF.


WARNING

WHEN TURNING ON THE MASTER SWITCH, USING AN EXTERNAL POWER SOURCE, OR PULLING THE PROPELLERS THROUGH BY HAND, TREAT THE PROPELLERS AS IF THE MAGNETOS WERE ON. DO NOT STAND, NOR ALLOW ANYONE ELSE TO STAND, WITHIN THE ARC OF THE PROPELLERS, SINCE A LOOSE OR BROKEN WIRE OR A COMPONENT MALFUNCTION COULD CAUSE THE PROPELLERS TO ROTATE.

7. Master Switch -- ON.

8. Landing gear lights -- 3 GREEN, NO RED.

9. Fuel quantity -- ADEQUATE PLUS RESERVE.

10. Cowl flaps -- OPEN.

11. Master switch -- OFF.

12. Ignition switches -- OFF.

13. Mixture controls -- IDLE CUT-OFF.

14. Trim indicators -- NEUTRAL.

15. Flaps -- CHECK OPERATION.

16. Controls -- FULL FREE AND CORRECT.

17. Pitot and static systems -- DRAIN using tap under dashboard on right

hand side of pedestal

18. Empty seats -- FASTEN BELTS.

19. Crossfeed drains -- DRAIN at least a cupful of fuel (using sampler cup)

from each sump location to check for water, sediment, and proper fuel

grade before each flight and after each refuelling. If water is observed,

take further samples until clear and then gently rock wings to move

any additional contaminants to the sampling points. Take repeated

samples from all fuel drain points until all contamination has been

removed. If contaminants are still present, refer to below WARNING

and do not fly aeroplane.

WARNING

IF, AFTER REPEATED SAMPLING, EVIDENCE OF CONTAMINATION STILL EXISTS, THE AEROPLANE SHOULD NOT BE FLOWN. TANKS SHOULD BE DRAINED AND SYSTEM PURGED BY QUALIFIED MAINENANCE PERSONNEL. ALL EVIDENCE OF CONTAMINATION MUST BE REMOVED BEFORE FURTHER FLIGHT.

OUTSIDE CABIN

6. Crossfeed drains -- CLOSED.

7. Right wing, aileron and flap -- CHECK security, condition, freedom of

movement.

8. Right main gear -- NO LEAKS.

a. Strut -- PROPER INFLATION.


b. Tyre -- CHECK for proper inflation and general condition

(weather checks, tread depth and wear, etc).

9. Right wing tip -- CHECK.

10. Right leading edge -- CHECK.

11. Fuel cap -- OPEN, check quantity and colour, SECURE.

12. Right engine nacelle -- CHECK OIL, minimum 5.5 quarts.

13. Right propeller and spinner -- CHECK condition and security.

14. Cowl flaps -- OPEN and secure.

15. Fuel drains -- DRAIN at least a cupful of fuel (using sampler cup) from

each sump location to check for water, sediment, and proper fuel grade

before each flight and after each refuelling. If water is observed, take

further samples until clear and then gently rock wings to move any

additional contaminants to the sampling points. Take repeated samples

from all fuel drain points until all contamination has been removed. If

contaminants are still present, refer to above WARNING and do not fly

aeroplane.

16. Nose section CHECK.

17. Nose gear -- NO LEAKS.

a. Strut -- PROPER INFLATION.

b. Tyre -- CHECK for proper inflation and general condition

(weather checks, tread depth and wear, etc).

18. Tow bar -- REMOVED AND STOWED.

19. Landing light -- CHECK.

20. Forward baggage door -- SECURE AND LOCKED.

21. Windshield -- CLEAN.

22. Left wing, engine nacelle, and landing gear -- CHECK as on right side.

23. Pitot tube -- CLEAR, checked, cover removed.

24. Stall warning vanes -- CHECK.

25. Rear door -- LATCH.

26. Left static vent -- CLEAR.

27. Dorsal fin air scoop -- CLEAR.

28. Empennage -- CHECK.

29. Stabilator -- CHECK security, condition, freedom of movement.

30. Right static vent -- CLEAR.

31. Antennas -- CHECK.

32. Navigation and landing lights -- CHECK.


BEFORE STARTING ENGINE

1. Pre-flight Inspection -- COMPLETE

2. Passenger Briefing -- COMPLETE

3. Seats, Seatbelts, Shoulder Harnesses -- ADJUSTED and FASTENED.

4. Brakes -- TEST and PARKING BRAKE SET

5. Circuit Breakers -- CHECK IN.

6. Electrical Equipment -- OFF.

WARNING

AVIONICS MUST BE OFF DURING ENGINE START TO PREVENT POSSIBLE DAMAGE TO AVIONICS.

7. Avionics -- OFF.

8. Cowl Flaps -- OPEN.

9. Alternate Air -- OFF.

10. Alternators -- ON.

11. Landing gear control -- RECHECK DOWN POSITION.

STARTING ENGINE (With Battery)

1. Fuel selector -- ON

2. Mixtures -- FULL RICH.

3. Throttles -- FULL FORWARD.

4. Prop controls -- FULL FORWARD.

5. Propeller area -- CLEAR.

6. Master switch -- ON.

7. Ignition switches (mags) -- ON.

8. Auxiliary fuel pump -- OFF.

9. Primer -- ON, see figure below for priming time. Typically 5 seconds.


10. Throttle -- CRACKED.

11. Confirm area around aircraft is clear -- call “CLEAR PROP!”

12. Starter -- ENGAGE (release when engine starts).

13. Throttle -- ADVANCE slowly to obtain 1000 RPM

14. Auxiliary Fuel Pump -- LOW only as necessary to obtain smooth engine

operation.

15. Oil Pressure -- CHECK. Confirm rising within 30 seconds or shut down.

REPEAT STEPS 10 - 15 FOR RIGHT ENGINE

16. Alternators -- CHECK.

17. Gyro pressure -- CHECK.

18. Navigation lights and flashing beacon -- ON as required.

19. Avionics Master Switch -- ON

20. Radios/Navaids/GPS -- ON. Set as required

21. Flaps -- RETRACT.

STARTING ENGINE WHEN FLOODED

1. Mixture -- IDLE CUT-OFF.

2. Throttle -- FULL FORWARD.

3. Propeller -- FORWARD.


5. Ignition switches -- ON.


7. Propeller -- CLEAR.

8. Starter -- ENGAGE.

When engine fires:

9. Throttle -- RETARD.

10. Mixture -- ADVANCE slowly.

STARTING ENGINE (With External Power)


2. All electrical equipment -- OFF.

3. Terminals -- CONNECT.

4. External power plug -- INSERT in fuselage.

Proceed with normal start

5. Throttles -- LOWEST POSSIBLE RPM.

6. External power plug -- DISCONNECT from fuselage.

7. Master switch -- ON, check ammeter.

8. Oil pressure -- CHECK.


TAXIING

1. Taxi area -- CLEAR.

2. Throttle -- APPLY SLOWLY.

3. Brakes -- CHECK.

4. Steering -- CHECK.

5. Instruments -- CHECK indications in correct sense.

6. Heater and defroster -- CHECK.

7. Fuel selector -- ON, check crossfeed.

8. Autopilot -- OFF.

BEFORE TAKEOFF

1. Parking brake -- SET.

2. Passenger Seat Backs -- MOST UPRIGHT POSITION.

3. Seats, Seatbelts and Shoulder Harnesses -- CHECK SECURE.

4. Cabin Doors -- CLOSED and LOCKED.

5. Mixture controls -- FORWARD.

6. Prop. Controls -- FORWARD.

7. Throttle control -- 1000 RPM.

8. Manifold pressure lines -- DRAIN.

9. Prop. Controls -- CHECK FEATHERING, 300 RPM max. drop.

10. Throttle controls -- 1900 RPM.

a. Prop. controls -- CHECK GOVERNOR.

b. Prop. controls -- FULL FORWARD.

c. Alternate air -- ON then OFF.

d. Magnetos -- CHECK, max. drop 150 RPM, max. diff. drop 50

RPM.

e. Alternator output -- CHECK.

f. Gyro pressure gauge -- 4.5 to 5.2 in. Hg.

11. Throttles -- 800 - 1000 RPM.

12. Fuel selectors -- ON.

13. Alternators -- ON.

14. Engine gauges -- IN THE GREEN.

15. Annunciator panel -- PRESS TO TEST.

16. Flight instruments -- CHECK AND SET.

17. Mixtures -- SET.

18. Propellers -- SET in forward position.

19. Quadrant friction -- ADJUSTED.

20. Alternate air -- OFF.

21. Cowl flaps -- SET.

22. Wing flaps -- SET.

23. Trim -- SET.

24. Flight controls -- FULL FREE AND CORRECT.

25. Auxiliary fuel pumps -- OFF.


26. Pitot heat -- AS REQUIRED.

27. Self Brief -- COMPLETE (Aborted T/O, engine failure, departure, TEM)

28. Brakes -- RELEASE.

HOLDING POINT CLEAR CHECKS

1. C - Clear approaches (final, base and RWY?)

2. L - Lights: Landing, Taxi, Strobes - ON (Nav - if required, eg. NVFR)

3. E - Engine: T&P green, flaps – set as required

4. A - ALT – set on TRANSPONDER and (3000 or 1200)

5. R - Radio – Frequency set, volume tested, request clearance.

TAKEOFF

WARNING

DO NOT EXCEED 40 IN. HG. MANIFOLD PRESSURE.

FAST TAXI TURNS IMMEDIATELY PRIOR TO TAKEOFF RUN CAN CAUSE TEMPORARY MALFUNCTION OF ONE ENGINE DURING TAKEOFF.

NORMAL TAKEOFF

1. Wing Flaps -- 0º.

2. Mixture -- RICH (mixture may be leaned to Maximum Power Fuel Flow

placard value).

3. Power -- 39 IN.HG and 2575 RPM

4. Accelerate to 66-71 KIAS.

5. Elevator Control -- EASE BACK TO ROTATE TO CLIMB ATTITUDE.

6. Climb Speed -- 89 KIAS.

7. Brakes -- APPLY.

8. Gear -- UP.

SHORT FIELD TAKEOFF

1. Wing Flaps -- 25º (2nd notch).

2. Stab. trim -- SET.

3. Foot Brakes -- APPLY, full power before brakes release

4. Mixture -- Lean to obtain Maximum Power Fuel Flow placard value.

5. Power -- 39 IN.HG and 2575 RPM.

6. Brakes -- RELEASE.

Accelerate to 61 KIAS.

7. Control wheel -- ROTATE firmly to attain 69 KIAS through 50’.

8. Brakes -- APPLY.

9. Gear -- UP.


TAKEOFF CLIMB

1. Mixture -- FULL RICH.

2. Power (1000’ AGL) -- 33 IN.HG and 2500 RPM.

WARNING

DO NOT EXCEED 40 IN. HG. MANIFOLD PRESSURE.

3. Climb speed:

a. Vx 76 KIAS

b. Vy 89 KIAS

4. Auxiliary fuel pumps -- OFF (one at a time).

5. Fuel Flow -- CHECKED

6. Engine instruments -- CHECKED.

7. Cowl flaps -- AS REQUIRED.

CRUISE CLIMB

1. Mixture -- FULL RICH.

2. Power -- 31.5 IN.HG and 2450 RPM.

3. Climb speed -- 102 KIAS.


5. Cowl flaps -- AS REQUIRED.

CRUISE

75% POWER @ 6000’

1. Power -- 32.0 IN.HG and 2400 RPM

2. Rudder and Elevator Trim -- ADJUST.

3. Mixture -- LEAN (Approx 12GPH per Engine)


5. Cowl Flaps -- CLOSE.

DESCENT

1. Power -- CRUISE SETTING.

2. Mixture -- ENRICH with descent.

3. Cowl Flaps -- CLOSED.


BEFORE LANDING

1. Gear Warning Horn -- CHECK.

2. Seat Backs -- MOST UPRIGHT POSITION.

3. Seats, Seatbelts and Shoulder Harnesses -- CHECK SECURE.

4. Brakes -- Checked and OFF.

5. Undercarriage -- DOWN and locked, 129 KIAS MAX.

6. Mixture -- RICH.

7. Fuel selectors -- ON, check quantity, pressure.

8. Auxiliary Fuel Pump -- LOW.

9. Landing/Taxi Lights -- ON.

10. Autopilot -- OFF.

SHORT FINAL

1. Power -- REDUCE.

2. P -- Propellers Full Fine.

3. U -- Undercarriage CONFIRM DOWN AND LOCKED.

4. F -- Cowl Flaps Open

5. F -- Flaps Set as required

GO-AROUND/MISSED APPROACH

Full takeoff power -- 40 IN. HG. MAX. and 2575 RPM.

Establish Positive Rate of Climb.

1. Wing Flaps -- RETRACT.

2. Gear -- UP.

3. Climb Speed -- 89 KIAS (Minimum).


LANDING

1. Wing Flaps -- AS DESIRED (Not above 107 KIAS)

2. Airspeed -- 87 KIAS (Flaps FULL).

3. Power -- REDUCE to idle as obstacle is cleared.

4. Trim -- ADJUST as desired.

5. Touchdown -- MAIN WHEELS FIRST

6. Landing Roll -- LOWER NOSE WHEEL GENTLY.

7. Braking -- MINIMUM REQUIRED.


AFTER LANDING

1. Wing Flaps -- “Identified”, then RETRACT.

2. Auxiliary Fuel Pumps -- OFF (one at a time).


4. Pitot Heat -- OFF.

5. Radios/Navaids -- AS REQUIRED.

6. Landing/Taxi/Strobe Lights -- OFF/AS REQUIRED.

SHUT DOWN/SECURING AEROPLANE

1. Heater -- FAN 2 mins. then OFF (if used).

2. Throttles -- 1000 RPM.

3. Parking brake -- SET (if required).

4. Magneto switches -- CHECK L, R, then ON BOTH.

5. Avionics, electrical equipment -- OFF.

6. Mixtures -- IDLE CUT OFF.

7. Throttles -- CLOSED (once propellers have stopped).

8. Ignition switches -- OFF.

9. Master Switch -- OFF.

10. Fuel selectors -- ON.

11. Control lock -- INSTALL.

12. Running sheet figures -- COMPLETE.

13. Aeroplane interior -- TIDY.

14. Pitot cover -- INSTALL.


Checklists – Emergency Procedures

INTRODUCTION

Emergencies caused by aeroplane or engine malfunctions are extremely

rare if proper pre-flight inspections and maintenance are performed.

The following procedures are not exhaustive and if a situation arises in

flight that does not have an appropriate checklist in this booklet then

Section 3 of the approved flight manual should be consulted.

Procedures in this section shown in bold faced type are immediate action

items that should be committed to memory.

AIRSPEEDS

AIRSPEEDS FOR EMERGENCY OPERATION

VMCA (Minimum Speed for Control in Air) ......................... 66 KIAS

Engine Failure After Takeoff:

Single Engine Best Rate (BLUE LINE) ......................... 89 KIAS

Single Engine Best Angle ................................................. 78 KIAS

Manoeuvring Speed:

4570 Lbs ...................................................................... 136 KIAS

3068 Lbs ...................................................................... 121 KIAS

Precautionary Landing With Single Engine Power ...................... 100 KIAS

Landing With One Engine:

Wing Flaps 25º ............................................................... 91 KIAS

EMERGENCY LANDING GEAR EXTENSION

Check following before using emergency gear extension procedure.

1. Circuit Breakers -- CHECK.

2. Master Switch -- ON.

3. Alternators -- CHECK.

4. Navigation Lights -- OFF (daytime).

To extend, reposition clip downward clear of knob and proceed as follows:

1. Airspeed -- 85 KIAS Max.

2. Gear selector -- GEAR DOWN LOCKED position.

3. Emerg. gear extend knob -- PULL

4. Indicator lights -- 3 GREEN

Leave emergency gear extension knob out.


ENGINE FAILURES ENGINE FAILURE DURING TAKEOFF ROLL (Below 85 KIAS)

1. Throttles -- IDLE.

2. Brakes -- APPLY.

3. Wing Flaps -- RETRACT.

4. Mixtures -- IDLE CUT OFF.

5. Magneto Switches -- OFF.

6. Master Switch -- OFF.

ENGINE FAILURE IMMEDIATELY AFTER TAKEOFF

Control the aeroplane

1. Airspeed -- 89 KIAS (Best Single Engine Climb speed).

2. Rudder -- Opposite to Yaw. 3. “Five to live” -- Establish 5° roll to live engine.


5. Propellers -- FULL FINE.

6. Throttles -- 40 IN. HG. Max.

7. Gear -- UP.

8. Flaps -- UP.

9. Identify -- DEAD FOOT / DEAD ENGINE.

10. Confirm -- Retard throttle on suspected failed engine (no yaw,

pitch or change in sound will confirm this as the failed engine).

11. Feather -- propeller on failed engine (before RPM is below 800).

12. Mixture -- IDLE CUT OFF on failed engine.

SECURING INOPERATIVE ENGINE

1. Trim -- AS REQUIRED.

2. Auxiliary fuel pump -- OFF (except in case of engine driven fuel pump

failure).

3. Magnetos -- OFF.

4. Cowl flaps -- CLOSE ON INOP. ENGINE, as req. on operative engine.

5. Alternator -- OFF.

6. Electrical load -- MANAGE, reduce if req.

7. Fuel management -- OFF, consider crossfeed.


ENGINE FAILURE DURING FLIGHT (adequate performance & terrain

clearance)

Control the aeroplane

1. Airspeed -- 89 KIAS (Best Single Engine Climb speed).

2. Rudder -- Opposite to Yaw. 3. “Five to live” -- Establish 5° roll to live engine.


5. Propellers -- FULL FINE.

6. Throttles -- 40 IN. HG. Max.

7. Gear -- UP.

8. Flaps -- UP.

9. Identify -- DEAD FOOT / DEAD ENGINE.

10. Confirm -- Retard throttle on suspected failed engine (no yaw,

pitch or change in sound will confirm this as the failed engine).

Before securing inop. engine:

11. Fuel flow -- CHECK (if deficient, auxiliary fuel pump ON)

12. Fuel quantity -- CHECK.

13. Fuel selector (inop. engine) -- ON.

14. Oil temp & pressure -- CHECK.

15. Magnetos -- CHECK.

If engine does not start, complete securing inoperative engine checklist.

SINGLE ENGINE LANDING

1. Inop. Engine -- SECURE.

When certain of making field:

2. Landing gear -- EXTEND.

3. Wing flaps -- LOWER.

Maintain additional altitude and speed during approach.

4. Final approach speed -- 91 KIAS. 5. Wing flaps -- 25°.

SINGLE ENGINE GO-AROUND

WARNING

UNDER CERTAIN CONDITIONS A SINGLE ENGINE GO-AROUND MAY NOT BE POSSIBLE. BE AWARE OF YOUR ASYMETRIC COMMITAL HEIGHT.

1. Mixture -- FORWARD.

2. Propeller -- FORWARD.

3. Throttle -- OPEN SLOWLY TO 40 IN. HG.

4. Flaps -- RETRACT.

5. Landing gear -- RETRACT.

6. Airspeed -- 89 KIAS.

7. Trim -- SET.

8. Cowl flap operating engine -- AS REQ.


AIR START (UNFEATHERING PROCEDURE)

All steps apply to INOPERATIVE ENGINE.

1. Fuel Selector -- ON.

2. Auxiliary Fuel Pump -- OFF.

3. Throttle -- Open ¼ inch.

4. Propeller -- Forward to cruise RPM position.

5. Mixture -- RICH.

6. Magneto switches -- ON.

7. Starter -- Engage until prop windmills.

8. Throttle -- Reduce power until engine is warm.

If engine does not start, prime as required.

9. Alternator -- ON.

FUEL MANAGEMENT DURING SINGLE ENGINE OPERATION

When using fuel from tank on the same side as the operating engine:

1. Fuel selector operating engine -- ON.

2. Fuel selector inop. engine -- OFF.


When using fuel from tank on the side opposite the operating engine:

1. Fuel selector operating engine -- CROSSFEED.

2. Fuel selector inop. engine -- OFF.


USE CROSSFEED IN LEVEL FLIGHT ONLY

NOTE

DO NOT CROSSFEED WITH FULL FUEL ON SAME SIDE AS OPERATING ENGINE

SINCE RETURN FUEL FLOW WILL BE LOST THROUGH THE VENT SYSTEM.


FIRES DURING START ON GROUND

1. Cranking -- CONTINUE to get a start which would suck the flames

and accumulated fuel into the engine.

If engine starts:

2. Power -- 1700 RPM for a few minutes.

3. Engine -- SHUT DOWN and do not fly aeroplane.

If engine fails to start:

4. Mixture -- IDLE CUT OFF.

5. Throttle -- OPEN.

6. Starter -- CRANK ENGINE.

7. Fuel selector valves -- OFF.



10. Magneto switches -- OFF.

11. Parking brake -- RELEASE.

12. Fire extinguisher -- OBTAIN.

13. Aeroplane -- EVACUATE.

14. Fire -- EXTINGUISH using fire extinguisher, wool blanket or dirt.

15. Fire damage -- INSPECT, repair damage or replace damaged

components or wiring before conducting another flight.

ENGINE FIRE IN FLIGHT

All steps apply to AFFECTED ENGINE.

1. Fuel selector -- OFF.

2. Throttle -- CLOSE.

3. Propeller -- FEATHER.

4. Mixture -- IDLE CUT-OFF.

5. Heater -- OFF.

6. Defroster -- OFF.

If terrain permits land immediately.


CABIN FIRE/ELECTRICAL FIRE IN FLIGHT

Land aeroplane as soon as possible.


2. Vents, cabin air -- CLOSED.

3. Heater -- OFF.

4. Fire extinguisher -- ACTIVATE.

5. Avionics master switch -- OFF.

6. All other switches (except magneto switches) -- OFF.

WARNING

AFTER DISCHARGING FIRE EXTINGUISHER AND ASCERTAINING THAT THE FIRE HAS BEEN EXTINGUISHED, VENTILATE CABIN.

7. Vents, cabin air -- OPEN when it is ascertained that fire is completely

extinguished.

If fire has been extinguished and electrical power is necessary for

continuance of flight to the nearest suitable airport or landing area:


9. Circuit breakers -- CHECK for faulty circuit, do not reset.

10. Radio switches -- OFF.

11. Avionics master switch -- ON.

12. Radio/electrical switches -- ON one at a time, with delay after each

until short circuit is localised.

WING FIRE

1. Light switches -- OFF.

2. Pitot heat -- OFF.

3. Sideslip to keep flames away from cabin and fuel tank.

Land as soon as possible using flaps only on when final approach.

VACUUM SYSTEM FAILURE

Pressure below 4.5 in. Hg.

1. RPM -- Increase to 2575.

2. Altitude -- descend to maintain 4.5 in. H.g.

Beware of LSALT/terrain clearance.

Use electrically powered flight instruments to monitor vacuum powered

flight instrument performance.

STATIC SOURCE BLOCKAGE

(Erroneous instrument readings suspected)

1. Static pressure alternate source valve -- ON.

2. Airspeed/Altitude -- See Flight Manual (Section 5) for correction table.


ICING

INADVERTENT ICING ENCOUNTER

1. Pitot heat -- ON.

2. Divert or change altitude to obtain an outside air temperature that

is less conducive to icing.

3. Heater -- ON.

4. Defroster -- ON.

5. Increase propeller RPM to minimize ice build-up on propeller blades.

6. Watch for signs of induction air filter icing. An unexplained loss of

manifold pressure could be caused by ice blocking the air intake filter.

Adjust the throttle as desired to set manifold pressure. Adjust mixture,

as required for any change in power settings.

7. Plan a landing at the nearest airport. With an extremely rapid ice build

up, select a suitable “off airport” landing site.

8. With an ice accumulation of as little as ¼ inch or more on the wing

leading edges, be prepared for significantly higher stall speed.

9. Leave wing flaps retracted. With a severe ice build up on the

horizontal tail, the change in wing wake airflow direction caused by

wing flap extension could result in a loss of elevator effectiveness.

10. Perform a landing approach using a forward slip, if necessary, for

improved visibility.

11. Maintain at least 89 KIAS on final.

12. Perform a landing in a level attitude.


LANDING WITH A FLAT MAIN TYRE

1. Approach -- NORMAL.

2. Wing flaps -- FULL DOWN.

3. Touchdown -- GOOD MAIN TYRE FIRST, hold aeroplane off flat tyre as

long as possible with aileron control.

4. Directional control -- MAINTAIN, using brake on good wheel as

required.

LANDING WITH A FLAT NOSE TYRE

1. Approach -- NORMAL.

2. Wing Flaps -- As required.

3. Touchdown -- ON MAINS, hold nose wheel off the ground as long as

possible.

4. When nose wheel touches down, maintain full up elevator as

aeroplane slows to stop.

ELECTRICAL MALFUNCTIONS

AMMETER SHOWS EXCESSIVE RATE OF CHARGE

(Full scale deflection)

1. Alternator -- OFF.

2. Nonessential electrical equipment -- OFF.

Terminate flight as soon as practicable.

LOW VOLTAGE ANNUNCIATOR ILLUMINATES DURING FLIGHT

(Ammeter indicates discharge)

1. Avionics -- OFF

2. Alternator circuit breakers -- CHECK IN.

3. Master switch -- OFF (ALT and BAT)

4. Master switch-- ON.

5. Low voltage annunciator -- CHECK OFF.

6. Avionics -- ON.

If low voltage light illuminates again:

7. Alternators -- OFF.

8. Non-essential radio and electrical equipment -- OFF.

Terminate flight as soon as practicable.


PASSENGER BRIEFINGS

It is important to brief your passengers thoroughly prior to flight, and also

keep passengers updated during the flight. Included are some suggestions

for items to be included in your briefs.

PRIOR TO GOING AIRSIDE

Passengers should stay with you while airside for security and safety.

No smoking anywhere while airside or in the aircraft.

Stay away from other aircraft and be alert to hazards.

Overview of flight and expected flying conditions.

Does anybody require the toilet before we take-off?

ON THE GROUND

Don’t scare your passengers by talking about engine failures, fires, or

similar – simply ensure they are told to follow your instructions and

know how to operate the doors and/or emergency exits.

Adjustment of seat belts and seat position.

Location of sick bags.

An intercom is provided so passengers can easily communicate.

Passengers to minimise chat when radio is busy, or as requested.

Front seat passenger should be encouraged to point out any aircraft

spotted that might be of conflict – another set of eyes is always useful.

Front seat passenger briefed on not interfering with controls.

If any passengers have any concerns during the flight they should be

encouraged to raise them.

Be sure to ask your passengers if they have any questions.

Encourage passengers to read the self-briefing cards if available.

IN FLIGHT

A running commentary of sights that can be seen, locations flown over

and how the flight is progressing can be useful.

Update your passengers about any change of plans.

Check on the status of your passengers regularly.

Should a situation arise in flight you should remain calm. Communicate

clearly and confidently the situation and your intentions to passengers.


SELF BRIEFING - DEPARTURE

A takeoff briefing should clearly state your plan-of-action for both when

everything goes as planned and when they do not!

“He who fails to plan, plans to fail!”

You should brief yourself on the following points:

How you plan on taking off and departing the aerodrome.

Consider any threats relevant to the departure and manage them.

Reasons for an aborted takeoff and how to execute it.

Dealing with an engine failure with runway remaining.

Dealing with an engine failure at low level with no runway remaining.

SELF BRIEFING - ARRIVAL

The arrival is the single most demanding phase of flight, and the one that

carries the highest risk. As with a departure briefing, a thorough self brief

on arrival is the key to a smooth and arrival.

You should brief yourself on the following points:

How you plan on conducting your approach to the aerodrome, and what

clearance or joining procedure you anticipate based on ATIS / AWIS.

Example: Join upwind for RWY 06 at 1,800ft descending on upwind to 1,300ft.

Any NOTAMS relevant to your approach and landing.

Example: RWY 10/28 closed due soft wet surface.

Consider any threats relevant to the arrival and manage them.

Example: Particularly strong crosswind and in-to-wind runway not available. - Revise crosswind procedure, be go-around minded if unstable. - Consider diversion if necessary.

The type of approach and landing you plan on making.

Example: Reduced flap setting due to strong winds, final speed 65-75kts.

If needing to go-around, the actions required to execute the procedure.

Example: Full power, raise nose, establish positive climb, flaps up slowly, communicate with ATC or other aircraft.


THREAT AND ERROR MANAGEMENT

TEM is an approach to flying that seeks to equip the pilot with the skills to

recognise and counter everyday problems which, if ignored, could result in

accidents or incidents.

Not all threats can be anticipated, it is unrealistic to make contingency

plans to try to cover unexpected events. Experience shows that many

threats can be anticipated, the first step is to identify likely threats. Once a

threat has been identified, it must be managed.

If you identify a threat that cannot be managed you should not go flying!

Example Threat Management

High number of aircraft

operating at aerodrome

Extra vigilance of traffic in the circuit through visual means and radio

monitoring.

Tower closed, CTAF procedures

in operation

Without additional safety of tower protection maintain an enhanced

lookout and radio monitoring.

Short Runway Ensure correct short field take-off or landing procedures are used and

that performance has been confirmed.

Terrain or obstacles Maintain enhanced situational awareness, also modify departure or

arrival as appropriate.

Landing in to setting sun Use another runway if possible. Wear sunglasses and be go-around

minded if unhappy with any aspect of the approach.

Adverse Weather ie. Crosswind on landing

Ensure correct crosswind procedures are adopted and you are up to the task (aircraft and/or crosswind recency). Be go-around minded if

the approach or landing becomes unstable. Request an alternate

runway if operationally required or preferred.

Your recency Study aircraft procedures prior to flight and take extra time to

perform checks and monitor your own performance, or take a safety

pilot.

Aircraft status

ie. COM1 distorted / unreadable

Utilise COM2 for primary communications if available, otherwise

divert or abort flight after troubleshooting.

NOTAMS Familiarise yourself with changes to regular procedures and include in departure or arrival briefs.

ERROR MANAGEMENT

The TEM model accepts that it is unavoidable that pilots, as human beings,

will make errors. While errors may be inevitable, safety of flight requires

that errors that occur are identified and managed before flight safety

margins are compromised.

Identification of errors requires aircraft/systems/procedure knowledge and

situational awareness. Analyse your own performance and identify errors

before they lead to an undesired aircraft state or more serious error.


USEFUL INFORMATION

Location Frequency

Camden Tower / CTAF(R) 120.1

Ground 121.9

ATIS / AWIS 125.1

Training Area Sydney Radar 124.55

Bankstown Preferred diversion airport

Tower / CTAF(R) 132.8

Ground 119.9

ATIS / AWIS 120.9

NDB 416

Wedderburn CTAF 122.55

The Oaks CTAF 126.7

Airborne Aviation Airborne Base 119.2

Phone (02) 4655 7200

SYDNEY/Bankstown (YSBK)


Notes

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………… ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

Piper Seneca II - Airborne · PDF fileVH-JBP (Version: 20160714) - 2 - Performance –...

Documents

Transcript of Piper Seneca II - Airborne · PDF fileVH-JBP (Version: 20160714) - 2 - Performance –...