Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career
description
Transcript of Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career
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Welcome!
How to be an Expert in Process Pipe & Pipe Fittings
By: Varun Patel, B.E- Mechanical, PMP®
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I am Varun Patel…
• Mechanical Engineering
• Certified Project Management Professional- PMP®
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My Experience…
• More than 10 years in Oil & Gas Industry- Mainly Refinery and Offshore Platforms
• Work from Project initiation to Project Closed out of mega projects
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You will learn…
• What is Process piping & important
• What is Code, Standard & Specification
• Piping Components use in process piping such as Pipe, Pipe Fittings, Branch connection, Flanges, Gasket and Bolting.
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You will learn…
• Materials (Metal, Non-Metal)
• Manufacturing methods
• Inspection and Testing requirements
• Dimensions & Markings requirements
• Code & Standard used
• Common terminology used in industry
• And much more….5
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Best way to move forward….
• Watch Video tutorial
• Solve quizzed at the end of lecture
• If available − Check applicable Code & Standard − Check QA/QC & Inspection documents −Go and visit site and experience real materials
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Ideal for….
• Student who want career in Oil & Gas or other process Industry
• Career changer in Oil & Gas or other process Industry
• Construction professional working such as Pipe fitter, welder, fabricator, piping supervisor etc.
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Ideal for….
• Professional working in different discipline such as operation, maintenance, instrument, electrical, administrative or any other field
• This course does not covering Piping System Design, fabrication and site installation activities.
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What we have learned?• About your tutor
• Overview of course & What is ahead in course
• Why this course is ideal choices for you
• How you will maximize you learning
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Get 90% discount on my online course-How to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
Click the link - https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-oil-gas-career/?couponCode=FB10
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This is just an outline of my online courseHow to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
careerYou can boost your Oil & Gas Career in Just $10.Huge 90% discount on Pipe & Pipe Fitting Course.
Click the link to Enrolled now.https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-
oil-gas-career/?couponCode=FB10
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Process Piping
By: Varun Patel, B.E- Mechanical, PMP®
Source: Piping Component G_FORDHAM
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Process Industries
Source: Pixabay.com2
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What is Process Piping ?• Piping:
− Assembly of piping components used toconvey, distribute, mix, separate,discharge, meter, control, or stop fluidflows.
• Piping Systems:− Interconnected piping subject to the
same sets of design conditions.
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What is Process Piping ?
• Process:− A series of activities performed in
particular ordered to convert rawmaterial into an useful product
• Process Piping is interconnectedpiping used in process industries toconvert raw material in to usefulproducts.
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What is Process Piping ?• A Piping under the purview
of ASME Code - B31.3 is Process Piping
• A Process Piping Systems are design as per the guidelines given in ASME B31.3
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ASME B31.3 Process Fluid Service
• Category D Fluid Service− The fluid is nonflammable, nontoxic, and not damaging to
human tissue.− The design pressure does not exceed 150 psig (1035 kPa).− The design temperature is between -29°C and 186°C.
• Category M Fluid Service− a fluid service in which the potential for personnel
exposure is judged to be significant and in which a singleexposure to a very small quantity of a toxic fluid, causedby leakage, can produce serious irreversible harm topersons on breathing or bodily contact, even when promptrestorative measures are taken
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Types of ASME B31.3 Process Fluid
• High Pressure Fluid Service− High pressure fluids are those in which the Owner has
specified that the pressures will be in excess of thatallowed by the ASME B16.5 PN420 (Class 2500) rating forthe specified design temperature and material group.
• Normal Fluid Service− Everything else that does not cover under Category D,
Category M and High Pressure fluid service.− ASME B31.3 covers most of the process fluid in this
Category− Gauge
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Types of Process Fluid in Oil & Gas
• Process fluid are mainlyclassified as following;− Mainly Hydrocarbons services,
starting from Crude oil to finaldistilled products
− Gas such as Hydrogen, Nitrogen,Oxygen and Instrument air etc..
− Chemicals for dosing such aschlorine, anti corrosion liquidetc..
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Property of Process fluid use in Oil & Gas
•Flammable•Corrosive•Explosives•Volatile•Reactive •Hazardous to
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Material for process fluids
• To handle different kind of process fluids indifferent physical and chemical environments weneed different kind of piping materials.
• Material that are able to withstand under variousdesign condition are chosen from based on manyprocess parameters.
• Lets learn about these types of material in nextlecture
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What we have learned?
• Pipe
• Pipe fittings / components
• Piping / Piping System
• Process Piping
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Code, Standard & Specification
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What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
•Standard −A standard can be defined as a set of
technical definitions and guidelines-“how to" instructions for designers and manufacturers.
−They serve as a common language to defining quality and establishing safety criteria.
−Examples- ASTM standard, ISO standard.
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What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
•Why Standard is required ?−Standards are documents that establish
engineering or technical requirementsfor products, practices, methods oroperations.
−Build confidence about quality in users−Lower the cost of production as
requirements are standardize
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What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
•Code: A code is a standard that hasbeen adopted by one or moregovernmental bodies and has theforce of law, or when it has beenincorporated into a businesscontract
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What is Code, Standard & Specification ?
•Specification −Must meet requirements −Examples- Company Provided
specification, Product specification
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Piping Code & Standard• Provide a set of requirements for a safe,
reliable and economical installation and operation throughout the life of process plant
• Provide consistent dimensions and ratings so that components will fit together
• Improve system reliability
• Cost saving
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ASME B31.3 Process Piping Code•ASME B31.3 Code Covers−Requirements for materials−Components, −Design, −Fabrication, assembly, erection,−Examination, inspection, and
testing of piping.
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Dimension standard•Dimension Standard cover−Different standard for different components gives
product specific requirements
• Pipe −Pipe sizes, inside and outside diameters, wall thickness,
schedules, end types, permissible variance, markings and weight of pipe•ASME B36.10 - Welded & Seamless wrought iron pipes•ASME B36.19 - Stainless steel pipes
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Dimension standard• Pipe Fittings
− sizes, inside and outside diameters, wall thickness, ratings, end preparation, various tolerances and marking requirements
−Butt welded fittings;•ASME B16.9 - Factory-Made Wrought Butt welding Fittings•ASME B16.28 - Wrought Steel Butt Welding Short Radius Elbows
and Returns
−Socket & Threaded fittings•ASME B16.11- Forged Steel Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded
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Dimension standard• Flange:
− Pressure-temperature ratings, materials, various flange dimensions, tolerances, marking. Flange bolting dimension and gasket requirements are also included
−NPS ½ through NPS 24•ASME B16.5 - Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings
−NPS 26 through NPS 60−ASME B16.47 - Large Diameter Steel Flanges
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Dimension standard• Branch connection
−Pressure-temperature ratings, size and types, materials, dimensions, tolerances, marking and testing•MSS SP-97
• Bolting− Included in Flange dimension standard −ASME B16.5 /B16.47
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Dimension standard• Gasket:
−Materials, dimensions, tolerances, and markings for metal ring-joint gaskets, spiral-wound metal gaskets, and metal jacketed gaskets and type of filler material used
−ASME B16.20 - Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges-Ring-Joint, Spiral-Would, and Jacketed
−ASME B16.21- Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
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What we have learned?
•Code, Standard & Specification and why they are required
•Design standard
•Material standard
•Dimension standard
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
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Piping MaterialsSelection
By: Varun Patel, B.E- Mechanical, PMP®
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
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Piping Material Selection Criteria
• Process condition will impact selection of material− Service Fluids
•Corrosive - Sea Water, H2S, Ammonia, Acids etc..•Non-Corrosive – Lube oil, Air, Nitrogen etc.
− Temperature•Cryogenic•Low temperature•Medium temperature•High temperature
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Piping Material Selection Criteria
• Process condition will impact selection of material− High or Low Pressure
• Others factor that also considered
−Cost−Availability−Weldability−Manufacturability
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Piping Material Selection Criteria
• Material property that considered before selection−Ultimate Tensile Strength− Yield Strength− Elasticity− % Elongation−Hardness− Toughness− Creep resistance− Fatigue Resistance
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Classification of Piping MaterialPiping Material
Metal
Ferrous
Cast Iron
Carbon Steel
Alloy Steel
Stainless Steel
Non-Ferrous
Copper Alloy
Nickel Alloy
Aluminum Alloy
Other Alloy
Non-Metal
PVC / CPVC
HDPE
GRP/GRE
Cement
Lined /Clad
Rubber Lined
PTFE Lined
FRP Lined
Glass Lined
Cement Lined5
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What we have learned?
• Pipe material selection criteria
• Design condition
• Property of material
• Classification of piping material
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
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Ferrous Metal
By: Varun Patel, B.E- Mechanical, PMP®
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
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Ferrous Metal
• Metal which contains more iron than any other single element falls under ferrous metal.
• They are divided in following categories− Cast iron / Cast Steel− Carbon Steel− Stainless Steel− Alloy Steel
FeIron
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Carbon Steel
• It can further classified as under− Law carbon steel: Carbon - 0.05% to 0.25%− Medium Carbon Steel: Carbon - 0.25% to 0.5%− High Carbon Steel: Carbon - 0.5% to less than 2%
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Carbon Steel
• Commonly use carbon steel grade in Process piping
• Pipe: ASTM A53 Gr A/B, A106 Gr A/B/C, API 5L Gr B
• Wrought Fittings: ASTM A234 Gr.WPA/B, A420 Gr.WPL6
• Forged Fittings: ASTM A105, A350 Gr LF1/LF2, A181
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What you have learned?
• Cast iron and Cast Steel
• Carbon Steel & its Alloying elements
• Classification of carbon Steel
• Common material grade for carbon steel
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
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Alloy Steel
By: Varun Patel, B.E- Mechanical, PMP®
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
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Alloy Steel
• Adding of alloying elements to improve the characteristics of the material is termed as Alloy Steel
• Low alloy steel :Alloying elements < 5%
• High alloy steel :Alloying elements > 5%
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What you have learned?
• Alloy Steel
• Alloying elements
• Purpose of Alloying elements
• Use of Alloy Steel & common grades
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
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Stainless Steel
By: Varun Patel, B.E- Mechanical, PMP®
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
1
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Stainless Steel
• A steel with a minimum chromium content of 10.5 % or more, and a maximum carbon content of less than 1.20%
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Get 90% discount on my online course-How to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
Click the link - https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-oil-gas-career/?couponCode=FB10
1
![Page 57: Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061506/577c79c11a28abe05493eb64/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
This is just an outline of my online courseHow to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
careerYou can boost your Oil & Gas Career in Just $10.Huge 90% discount on Pipe & Pipe Fitting Course.
Click the link to Enrolled now.https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-
oil-gas-career/?couponCode=FB10
2
![Page 58: Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061506/577c79c11a28abe05493eb64/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
What you have learned?
• What is Stainless Steel
• Properties of Stainless Steel
• Types of Stainless steel
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
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Stainless Steel Types
• Duplex stainless steel− Contain both Austenite & Ferrite in microstructure−Offer benefits of both Austenite & Ferrite stainless steel−Good resistance to pitting and crevice corrosion − high strength and high resistance to stress corrosion
cracking− EX- UNS S32205, S31803, S32760 −Used in sea water system, heat exchanger, structural
application etc.
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Non-ferrous Metal
By: Varun Patel, B.E- Mechanical, PMP®
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
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Non-ferrous Metal
• Contains no iron or insignificant amount
• Metal such as Aluminum, Copper, Nickel, Titanium etc.
• Material used in Process Ind.− Copper and Copper Alloys−Nickel and Nickel Alloys− Aluminum and Aluminum Alloys− Titanium and Titanium Alloys− Zirconium and Zirconium Alloys
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What you have learned?
• Non-ferrous Metal
• Types of metal used in Process Piping
• Properties of these materials
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
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Non- Metallic Material
By: Varun Patel, B.E- Mechanical, PMP®
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
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Non Metallic Material
• Commonly used non-metallic piping materials − PVC / CPVC−HDPE−GRE/GRP− Cement
• These non metallic material offer some great advantage over metallic piping but also have some limitation.
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PVC / CPVC
• PVC / CPVC− PVC – Polyvinyl Chloride− CPVC - Chlorinated Polyvinyl Chloride (higher strength at
elevated temperatures than PVC)
• Tough and exceptionally resistant to chemical attack
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PVC / CPVC
• PVC , CPVC required protection form ultraviolet exposure if installed outdoor.
• Start softening when subjected to high temperature.
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PVC / CPVC
• Pipe are manufactured by Extrusion process
• Fittings, flanges and valves are manufactured by injection moulding
• Has many application in industries and in home water piping.
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What you have learned?
• Types of Non Metallic Material and their uses
• Overview of properties and Manufacturing methods
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
12
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Lined / Clad Material
By: Varun Patel, B.E- Mechanical, PMP®
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
1
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Lined Pipe
• Mechanical bonding between pipe and line material
• To get the benefit of anti-corrosion property of lined material and strength of carbon steel
• Commonly used lined material are− PTFE− Rubber−Glass− FRP (Fiber reinforced plastic)
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What you have learned?
• What is lined pipe
• What is clad pipe
• Types of lining / cladding material
• Advantage and limitation
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
7
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Pipe
Varun Patel, B.E- Mechanical, PMP®
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Pipe•A straight pressure tight cylindrical hallow,
used in piping system
•Different types of pipes used in different design conditions, considering technical and commercial parameters
•Pipes are mainly classified as follow ;
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Pipe
• Pipes are mainly classified as below;
Pipe
Seamless
Welded
SAW
StraightSAW
Single Seam
Double SeamHelical/Spiral
SAWERW/EFW
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Pipe Size
•Pipe size are mentioned as nominal pipe size (NPS),also mentioned as Diameter nominal (DN)
• It is in-between of outer and inner diameter of pipe
•For NPS 14” and above NPS is same as outer diameter
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ID will changed with changed in Pipe Schedule number
Pipe Size
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Pipe length
•Pipe are available in following lengths−Single random
•4.8 m to 6.7 m with 5% of lengths 3.7 to 4.8 m
−Double random•minimum average of 10.7 m and a minimum length of 4.8 m with 5 % 4.8 m to 10.7 m
−Fixed length as per purchase order
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Pipe Thickness•Thickness are expressed in Schedule number
(5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 60, 80, 100, 120, 140, 160)
•Also in STD, extra strong-XS, double extra strong-XXS
•Higher the schedule higher the thickness
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Pipe Thickness•What is Schedule No?
•A schedule number is the approximate value of the equation = 1000 P/S−P is the service pressure in (psi) −S is the allowable stress in (psi)
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Pipe Thickness•The outside diameter of each pipe size is
standardized. Therefore, inside diameter depends upon the schedule number of pipe
•ASME B36.10 provides standard dimension requirements for Welded & Seamless wrought iron pipes.
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Pipe Thickness for Stainless Steel
•Thickness are expressed in Schedule number (5S, 10S, 40S, 80S)
•Schedule no with S suffix are per ASME B36.19M, and it is use with stainless steel pipe only.
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Pipe ends
•Pipe can be−Plain end−Beveled end−Threaded end−Special end such as socket & spigot
with o-ring type gaskets
11
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What you have learned?
•Basic of Pipe
•NPS & Schedule No.
•Types of Pipe End
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
13
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Pipe Material
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
1
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What you have learned?
•Commonly used ASTM material Grade of pipe
6
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
7
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Pipe Manufacturing-1
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Seamless Pipe
•Strongest amongst all pipes.
•Homogenous structure throughout pipe length.
•Available in wide range of size.
•Restriction on large size
•Used in manufacturing of bends, elbow, tee.
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Manufacturing of Seamless Pipe
• Seamless pipe are manufacture by following methods
• Mandrel
• Plug mill
• Extrusion
• Forging
Piercing Method
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Manufacturing of Seamless Pipe
•Piercing Method
Billet
Heating in Furness Piercing
4
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Extrusion
Force Pull
Hot Extrusion Hot / Cold Extrusion
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Welded Pipe
•Pipe are manufactured from Plate or Coil
•Plate or coil rolled in circular section to weld
•Can be welded with or without filler material
•No restriction on large size
•Used in manufacturing of bends, elbow
•Weak in compare to seamless pipe due to joint12
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Plat Bending / Forming for Welded Pipe
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ERW or EFW Pipe
Induction Weld anodes
Weld Bead Trimmer Induction Heat
treatment
Water Cooling
Online NDT
14
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What we have learned?
•Manufacturing methods
•Seamless Pipe
•Welded Pipe
19
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Get 90% discount on my online course-How to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
Click the link - https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-oil-gas-career/?couponCode=FB10
1
![Page 102: Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061506/577c79c11a28abe05493eb64/html5/thumbnails/102.jpg)
This is just an outline of my online courseHow to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
careerYou can boost your Oil & Gas Career in Just $10.Huge 90% discount on Pipe & Pipe Fitting Course.
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oil-gas-career/?couponCode=FB10
2
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
20
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Pipe Manufacturing-2
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Heat Treatment for pipe
•Hot finished Pipe−Temp. remain above heat treatment temperature
till final size and thickness achieved −No heat treatment required
•Cold finished Pipe−Pipe are clod drawn−Heat treatment as per applicable ASTM standard
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Hydrostatic Test
• Ensure 100% leak proof pipe
• Ensure ability withstand under pressure
• Hydro test pressure is calculated based on equation given in ASTM A530
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Marking •Following shall be marked on pipe−Manufacturer logo−ASTM material code−Material Grade−Size−Thickness−Length−Heat No−Special marking WR or NH,
VP 8” Sch 80 A106 XYZ123 10.2m
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Marking•Marking can be by paint or by Hard punching
•For stainless steel stenciling can be used−For carbon steel no hard punching below 6 mm
thickness−For stainless steel no hard punching below 12 mm
thickness
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What we have learned?
•Heat Treatment
• Inspection and Testing
•Markings
15
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
16
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Fittings
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Fittings•Fittings are Piping component which helps in−Changes the direction of the flow
•elbows, tee
−Changes the size of the pipe•reducers, reducing tees, reducing couplings, reducing flanges
−Joins together pipe•flanges, couplings
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Fittings ends•Socket weld & Threaded end−ASME B16.11 - Forged steel socket welding &
threaded fittings
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What we have learned?
• Basic of Pipe
• NPS / Schedule No.
• Types of Pipe End
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
9
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Fittings Material
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
1
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Material•Commonly used material for wrought fittings
•Carbon Steel :- ASTM A234Gr.WPA/B, ASTM A420 Gr.WPL6
•Alloy Steel :- ASTM A234 WP1 /WP5 /WP7 /WP9 /WP11 /WP12 /WP22
•Stainless Steel :- ASTM A403 WP304 /WP304L /WP304H /WP316 / WP316L/ WP321/ WP347
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Material•Commonly used material for forge fittings
•Carbon Steel :- ASTM A181, ASTM A105, ASTM A350 LF1/2
•Alloy Steel :- ASTM A182F1 /F2 /F5 /F7 /F9/ F11 /F12 /F22
•Stainless Steel :- ASTM A182F6 /F304 /F304L /F304H /F316 /F316L/ F321/ F347/ F348
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What we have learned?
•Materials wrought & forged fittings
•Common ASTM material grades
7
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
8
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Fittings Manufacturing-1
1
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Wrought Fitting Manufacturing Methods•Hot forming or Extrusion Method
•Hydraulic Bulge method – Cold forming
•UO Method / Single weld seam
•Monaka Method / Double weld seam
•Deep Drawing Method
•Flare Method for Stub ends4
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ELBOWS: Extrusion method (Cold Forming)
PushDie
10
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Tees: Hydraulic Bulge method
Die
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Reducers: Outer Die method
Die24
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CAPS: Deep Drawing method•Plate is cut out in a circle and formed by deep
drawing die
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Get 90% discount on my online course-How to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
Click the link - https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-oil-gas-career/?couponCode=FB10
1
![Page 128: Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061506/577c79c11a28abe05493eb64/html5/thumbnails/128.jpg)
This is just an outline of my online courseHow to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
careerYou can boost your Oil & Gas Career in Just $10.Huge 90% discount on Pipe & Pipe Fitting Course.
Click the link to Enrolled now.https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-
oil-gas-career/?couponCode=FB10
2
![Page 129: Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061506/577c79c11a28abe05493eb64/html5/thumbnails/129.jpg)
What we have learned?
•Manufacturing methods
27
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
28
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Fittings Manufacturing-2
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Heat Treatment for Fittings•Heat treatment as per applicable ASTM standard
•Hot finished Fittings−Temp. remain within heat treatment temperature till
final size and thickness achieved −No heat treatment required
•Cold finished Fittings−Fittings are clod drawn−heat treatment required
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Marking•Marking can be by paint or by Hard punching
•For stainless steel stenciling can be used
•For carbon steel no hard punching below 6 mm thickness
•For stainless steel no hard punching below 12 mm thickness
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What we have learned?
•Heat Treatment
• Inspection and Testing
•Markings
13
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
14
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Flange
By: Varun Patel, B.E- Mechanical, PMP®
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Flange
• Second most used joining method after welding
• Connect pipe with various equipment
• Provide flexibility in maintenance
• Cannot use in underground piping
• Most common source of leak
• Varity of flanges available to suit requirements
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Flange Attachments Types
• Threaded Flanges
• Socket-Welded Flanges
• Slip-On Flanges
• Lapped Flanges
• Weld Neck Flanges
• Blind Flanges
3
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Flange Facing Types
• Flat Faced (FF)
• Raised Face (RF)
• Ring Joint (RTJ)
• Tongue and groove (T&G)
• Male and Female
• These face can be smooth or serrated type
4
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What we have learned?
• Types Flange
• Flange End Connection
• Types of Flange Face
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
22
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Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
Flange Material
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Material of construction
• Standard Flanges are made by forge materials
• Carbon steel
• Low alloy steel
• Stainless steel
• Combination of Exotic martials (Stub) and othermaterials
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What we have learned?
• Materials for Flanges
5
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
6
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Flange Manufacturing
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Manufacturing
• Flanges are manufactured by forging
• Large diameter flange are made by ring rolling methods
• Final dimension are achieved by machining
2
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Hydrostatic Test
• Not required unless specifically requested by purchaser
• Code mandate that flange shall be able to withstand under pressure test of rating of finished
4
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Marking
• Following shall be marked on pipe−Manufacturer logo− ASTM material code−Material Grade− Service rating (Pressure Class)− Size− Thickness (Schedule)−Heat No− Special marking QT (Quenched and tempered) or W
(Repair by welding)
VP 6” CL300 Sch80 A105 WNRF ABC12
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Marking
• Marking can be by paint or by Hard punching
• For stainless steel stenciling can be used
• Flanged are marked in flange thickness area.
13
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What we have learned?
• Manufacturing methods
• Heat Treatment
• Inspection and Testing
• Markings
14
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
15
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Branch Connection
By: Varun Patel, B.E- Mechanical, PMP®
1
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Branch Connection
• Reinforced branch Pipe to pipe− Site fabricated branch
connections
• Self reinforced branch − Specially design branch
connection which can be use without reinforcing pad
−Well-known as “Olets”
2
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What we have learned?
• Types of branch connection
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
11
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Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
Branch Connection Material
1
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Material of construction
• Standard branch connection are made by forgematerials−Carbon steel− Low alloy steel− Stainless steel
• ASME B31.3 provides list of acceptable forge materialused in process piping
2
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What we have learned?
• Materials for Standard Branch connections
4
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
5
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Branch Connection Manufacturing
1
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Non Destructive testing
• Ultrasonic
• Magnetic particle test
• Liquid penetrant test
• Positive Material Identification
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Distractive Testing
• Tensile test
• Hardness test
• Impact test / Charpy V-Notch Test
• Proof Test (Type Test) if specified
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Marking
• Following shall be marked on Olets−Manufacturer logo− ASTM material code−Material Grade− Service rating (Pressure Class)− Size− Thickness (Schedule)−Heat No− Color code if specified
VP A105B CL3000 1” X Sch80 ABC12
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Marking
• Marking by Hard punching
• For stainless steel stenciling can be used
• If ask by purchaser colour coding are also done
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What we have learned?
• Manufacturing methods
• Heat Treatment
• Inspection and Testing
• Markings
13
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
14
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Gasket
By: Varun Patel, B.E- Mechanical, PMP®
1
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Gasket
• Gasket is sealing material placed between connecting Flanges
• create a static seal
• Maintain leakage proof sealing in all operating conditions
2
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Spiral Wound GasketOuter Ring
Inner RingWinding Material
10
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What we have learned?
• Types of Gasket
• Various Construction
13
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
14
![Page 173: Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061506/577c79c11a28abe05493eb64/html5/thumbnails/173.jpg)
Get 90% discount on my online course-How to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
Click the link - https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-oil-gas-career/?couponCode=FB10
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This is just an outline of my online courseHow to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
careerYou can boost your Oil & Gas Career in Just $10.Huge 90% discount on Pipe & Pipe Fitting Course.
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Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
Gasket Material
1
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Non-Metallic Gasket
• Resilient or pliable material
• Commonly used materials− Compressed Non-Asbestos fiber− PTFE− Rubber−Mica− Ceramic fiber
2
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What we have learned?
• Materials for Gasket
6
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
7
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Gasket Manufacturing
1
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Manufacturing of Gasket
• Non-metal gasket are manufactured as long sheet and cut as per requirements
• Spiral wound gasket are made by winding of metal and filler material on winding machine
• Winded material are tack welded to inner and outer ring of gasket
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Manufacturing of Gasket
• Metallic gasket are made from forged ring or cut from the metal sheet and machined to achieve final surface finish and dimension
3
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Dimension
• ASME B16.20-Metallic Gaskets for Pipe Flanges, Ring-Joint, Spiral Wound and Jacketed
• ASME B16.21-Nonmetallic Flat Gaskets for Pipe Flanges
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Inspection and Testing
•Gasket Material shall be tested for−Hardness−Creep test−Thickness −Density −Compression −Recovery −Blowout resistance
5
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Inspection and Testing •Following to be check for finished gasket
(Type test)−Tensile −Sealability−Flexibility −Corrosion resistance−Decomposition
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Marking
• Manufacturer logo
• Manufacturing Code
• Size and Pressure Class
• Filler and winding material
• Inner and Outer ring material
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Marking- Colour Code
• Spiral Wound Gasket are painted accordance with ASME B16.20.
• The solid colour on the centering ring indicates the metallic winding material
• The stripped colour indicates the non-metallic filler used between the metal winding.
8
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Marking- Colour Code
Source: Flexitallic9
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What we have learned?
• Manufacturing method
• Dimension Standard
• Inspection & testing
• Marking & Colour Code
10
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
11
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Bolting
Varun Patel, B.E- Mechanical, PMP®
1
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Bolting
• Bolting is a term that includes stud, bolts, nuts, andwashers
• Also Known as fastener
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Washers
• Conical or Belleville Springs washers−Keep bolted joints tight−High spring loads with small deflections−Used in area where vibration, differential thermal expansion,
and bolt creep present
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What we have learned?
• What is Stud, Bolt, Nut & washers
• Use of Stud, Bolt, Nut & washers
• Types of Stud, Bolt, Nut&washers
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
12
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Bolting Material
Wiki Common user: Alexander AlUS
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Material of construction
• Carbon steel
• Low alloy steel
• Stainless steel
• Exotic material, such as Monel, Inconel, Nickel alloy
![Page 197: Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061506/577c79c11a28abe05493eb64/html5/thumbnails/197.jpg)
Material of construction
• These material further divide in −High Strength− Intermediate strength− Low Strength
• List of ASTM Material grade used for manufacturing stud are listed in ASME B16.5
![Page 198: Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061506/577c79c11a28abe05493eb64/html5/thumbnails/198.jpg)
Coating • Bolting are also coted with different materials to
improve its corrosion resistance and reducemaintenance− Chrome plated−Galvanized− Xylan coated− PTFE coated
![Page 199: Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061506/577c79c11a28abe05493eb64/html5/thumbnails/199.jpg)
What we have learned?
• Materials for Stud, Bolt, Nut &washers
• Different type of coating
![Page 200: Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061506/577c79c11a28abe05493eb64/html5/thumbnails/200.jpg)
End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
![Page 201: Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061506/577c79c11a28abe05493eb64/html5/thumbnails/201.jpg)
Bolting Manufacturing
1
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Manufacturing of Stud & Bolt
• Rolling / Forming−Most common method for threading on stud and bolt− Cylindrical bar placed between two die and bar are rolled in
between the die−Used for stud and threaded portion of bolt
Wiki Common user: Wizard1913
![Page 203: Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061506/577c79c11a28abe05493eb64/html5/thumbnails/203.jpg)
Manufacturing of Stud & Bolt
• Machining− Threads are cut by lathe machine on blank−Hexagonal head of nut are also machine chamfered
4
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Manufacturing of Stud & Bolt
• Forging / Die punching− Blank bar are placed between die and force applied to
produced threads in blank−Head of bolt are also made by die punching− Forging can be done by Hot & Cold forging methods
Wiki Common user: Wizard1915
![Page 205: Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061506/577c79c11a28abe05493eb64/html5/thumbnails/205.jpg)
What we have learned?
• Manufacturing Methods
• Testing Requirements
• Types of Testing
• Visual & Dimension Inspection
• Product Marking
18
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End of LectureGood Luck!
See you
in next lecture…
19
![Page 207: Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061506/577c79c11a28abe05493eb64/html5/thumbnails/207.jpg)
Get 90% discount on my online course-How to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
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1
![Page 208: Pipe & Pipe Fitting Guide for Oil & Gas Career](https://reader033.fdocuments.in/reader033/viewer/2022061506/577c79c11a28abe05493eb64/html5/thumbnails/208.jpg)
This is just an outline of my online courseHow to be an Expert in Pipe & Fittings for Oil & Gas
careerYou can boost your Oil & Gas Career in Just $10.Huge 90% discount on Pipe & Pipe Fitting Course.
Click the link to Enrolled now.https://www.udemy.com/process-pipe-fittings-for-
oil-gas-career/?couponCode=FB10
2