Pilot In Command
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Transcript of Pilot In Command
PILOT IN COMMAND
Understanding what it means to be PICSome ways to teach it
What does Pilot In Command mean?
From the Federal Aviation Regulations: Part 91.3a
“The pilot in command of an aircraft is directly responsible for, and is the final authority as to, the operation of that aircraft.”
Mysterious Stupid Ticket Book
Mysterious Stupid Ticket Book
Decisions
D etect that a change has occurred
E stimate the need to respond to the change
C hoose the (new) desired outcome
I dentify the steps to achieve that outcome
D o the steps
E valuate the effectiveness of the steps
Decisions
D etect that a change has occurred
E stimate the need to respond to the change
C hoose the (new) desired outcome
I dentify the steps to achieve that outcome
D o the steps
E valuate the effectiveness of the steps
Decisions
D etect that a change has occurred
E stimate the need to respond to the change
C hoose the (new) desired outcome
I dentify the steps to achieve that outcome
D o the steps
E valuate the effectiveness of the steps
Decisions
D etect that a change has occurred
E stimate the need to respond to the change
C hoose the (new) desired outcome
I dentify the steps to achieve that outcome
D o the steps
E valuate the effectiveness of the steps
Decisions
D etect that a change has occurred
E stimate the need to respond to the change
C hoose the (new) desired outcome
I dentify the steps to achieve that outcome
D o the steps
E valuate the effectiveness of the steps
Decisions
D etect that a change has occurred
E stimate the need to respond to the change
C hoose the (new) desired outcome
I dentify the steps to achieve that outcome
D o the steps
E valuate the effectiveness of the steps
Decisions
D etect that a change has occurred
E stimate the need to respond to the change
C hoose the (new) desired outcome
I dentify the steps to achieve that outcome
D o the steps
E valuate the effectiveness of the steps
Decisions
D etect that a change has occurred
E stimate the need to respond to the change
C hoose the (new) desired outcome
I dentify the steps to achieve that outcome
D o the steps
E valuate the effectiveness of the steps
Decisions
D etect that a change has occurred
E stimate the need to respond to the change
C hoose the (new) desired outcome
I dentify the steps to achieve that outcome
D o the steps
E valuate the effectiveness of the steps
Decisions
D etect that a change has occurred
E stimate the need to respond to the change
C hoose the (new) desired outcome
I dentify the steps to achieve that outcome
D o the steps
E valuate the effectiveness of the steps
FAA Hazardous Attitudes
Attitude Thought Antiauthority Don’t tell me!
Impulsivity Do something quickly!
Invulnerability It won’t happen to me.
Macho I can do it!
Resignation What’s the use?
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Technical Proficiency1. Applies knowledge of standards, procedures, and regulations2. Demonstrates technical skills3. Applies knowledge of systems, limitations, and performance
Team Management4. Establishes a clear understanding of roles, responsibilities, and expectations5. Encourages and considers crew member input6. Recognizes and manages conflicts7. Adapts to crew personal differences8. Performs crew debriefs
Workload Management9. Recognizes and manages externally or self imposed time constraints10. Prioritizes tasks to prevent interference with primary duties11. Delegates tasks to avoid overload12. Selects the appropriate level of automation to reduce workload
Situational Awareness Management13. Establishes a shared understanding of status, goals, and plans14. Seeks, evaluates, and utilizes available resources15. Independently monitors and verifies equipment and crew member performance16. Challenges faulty decisions, actions, or inaction of another crew member17. Recognizes and resists distractions and lapses into inattention18. Recognizes and manages the impact of stress and fatigue on performance
Decision Making and Planning19. Establishes, communicates, and maintains “bottom lines” with backup plans20. Assesses risks to prepare for expected or contingency situations21. Considers personal and operational biases which may influence decision quality22. Modifies decisions when operationally warranted23. Acts decisively when the situation dictates
Crew Effectiveness Skills
Technical Proficiency
Team Management
Workload Management
Situational Awareness Management
Decision Making and Planning
Pieces of an effective crewmember
Technical ProficiencyTeam Manage-mentWorkload ManagementSituational AwarenessDecision Mak-ing
Pieces of an effective crewmember
20%
80%
Technical ProficiencyBeing Human
Three Domains of Learning
Cognitive Ability to recall, analyze and problem
solve Psychomotor
Physical skills Affective
Emotions, attitudes
Pieces of an effective crewmember
20%
80%
Technical ProficiencyBeing Human
Mostly Cognitive and Psychomotor
Some Cognitive, but a lot of Affective
Reaching for the Affective Domain
Experiences of Other Pilots, Including Me
Service Learning Good Literature Written Response Papers Accident Analysis Talk About TAKING Responsibility
Get Personal
Include Myself I try to be authentic with my students I’m honest about mistakes I’ve made
Ask Them To Include Themselves They can relate to and internalize
assignments better this way
Hazardous Attitude
Alert Thoughts Antidotes
Anti-authority “The rules don’t apply to this situation.”
“Following the rules is just going to be more dangerous at this point.”
“This is supposed to be fun.”
“If I have to think about breaking the rules, I’ve probably let things get out of hand already.”
Things I’m Telling Myselfand offering to you
I will make an effort to get personal with my students and make this fun for myself and them.
I’m going to look for opportunities in every student interaction to encourage them to take responsibility
TAKE A DEEP BREATHThey’re going to be here next Monday.
Who is Pilot In Command?