f RANCE'S

lEAD.ING

BAllERINA

see inside

Pieturt Poll, 12 Dtetttibw, 1953

2

TOFFEES AND CHOCOLATES 'Buried Treasure

SULPHURIC ACID is one of the most important of all chemicals. Without it, some of our most important industries would come to a standstill. Most of Britain's supplies are made from sulphur, imported from the U.S.A. When, therefore, the Americans announced in 1951 that supplies of sulphur were to be restricted, attention was drawn to an I.CJ. factory at Billingham, Co. Durham, where I:C.I. has for twenty years been making sulphuric acid and cement from a rock called anhydrite. From a mine, 800 feet below the factory, 200,000 tons of anhydrite rock are raised every year to make sulphuric acid.

From the national standpoint, the making of sulphuric acid from a British raw material has much in its favour, though it is more expensive than manufacture from sulphur. Since the sulphur crisis of 1951, the Billingham plant has been enlarged and will soon be giving almost twice its original output. Besides that, LC.I. has placed its " know-how,, at the disposal of a new company which will make sulphuric acid from anhydrite at a factory in Widnes, Lancashire. LC.I. is only one of Britain's 50-odd producers of sulphuric acid, but the anhydrite process is of special interest as an illustration of LC.L's foresight in developing a method of making an essential chemical entirely from home-produced raw materials .

•

Imperial Chemical Industncs Limited

l'tLIJll't P <>tt , 12 nu~. I YSJ

ENJOY A

DOUBLE DIAMOND TODAY

Get outside a Double Diamond and you feel more like

yourself again. A Double Diamond works wt.onders-

takes the tension out of life, revives your confidence,

puts you back on top of your form.

The world is at its best after a Double Diamond.

A DOUBLE DIAMOND works wonders ~ IND COOPE'S DOUBLE DIAMOND BREWED AT BURTON

Picture Po11, 12 D•c.11.Mr, Jl)SJ

Casting one·s mind back over the ereat British film succesaes of recent yean, it ii remarkable to find how many were directed by Sir Carol Reed. "The \Vay Ahead," "Odd Man Out," "The Fallen Idol," " The Third Man," " Outcast of the Islands." \Vhat a list I Ills newest succest," The Man Between," is just released. Sir Carol's lovely wife, Penelope Ward, is well known as a stage and screen actress. 1''or Christmas, Sir Carol is givin hla wife a l>arker • lll.'

Sir Carol Reed is giving his wife Penelope Ward

a Parker '51' for Ch1--istnias

'51' PEN AND PENCIL SET

£6.4.0 (with J,ustraloy caps)

O'f~ER J<'AMOUS PARKER MOD~

Senior Duofold pen 43/­Ncw Duofold pen • 37 /ll Victory pen ..... 3-0/l l Slimfold pen ••••• 13/ll Penni to malch aU four ptm ...••.. 21J/5

Presentation ca.ea a-.·ailable for all pen and

pencil sets.

BOTH IN DESIGN AND USE- AHEAD OF ALL OTHERS

GmNC someone a Parker ' 51 ' is quite different from giving almost anything else you can name. l\fany gifts you could choose would indeed be welcomed, unless the recipient already owned something similar.

But there is nothing similar to a Parker '51.' This superb pen is so widely coveted, so universally recognized as a pen that bears no comparison with any other, that all others are gJodJy laid aside in its favour.

Why? Simply because it i~ the finest pen in the world, both in mechanism n.nd in d~ign. Its unique Aero-metric Ink System draws up, stores and relea.':les ink in an entirely new way, setting new stundards of reliable writing. And it., clean, elegant appearance is ttn outstunding example ot contemporary design.

No wonder , then, that famous people should unquestioningly choose to give, of all pens, a Parker' 51.' For this is something that almost everyone hopes t.o own some day.

Choice of four colours, and eight different nib grades w suit every hand Pritt 82/3 (with Lustraloy cap)

new Parker '51' Tile world's most wanted pen

GIVEN AND USED BY FAMOUS PEOPLE

LIMITED BUSH HOUSE LON D 0 ::\ w. c .2

Vol 61 No 11 12 DECEMBER 1953 ·[Eli FOUNDED BY EDWARD HULTON

43-44 Shoe Lane, London, E.C.4. Telephone: CENTRAL 7400 (22 li~s)

THIS WEEK'S COYER GIRL

INSIDE STORIES

I A<X:VSa the people of Lun of the murder of Sir Jack Drummond, bi1 wife, and 12-year-old dauabter Elizabeth. Some of them, at UlY rate.

Some of them must have been caocerned in tbe crime. Did one of them commit the murders 1 Many of them know the identity of the criminal. They won't taJlt fc. fear of acb ocher.

~ The FYemh ballet danur, '] eanmafre,' has a story to het'self in this issue on pag1 59. The covey picture was taken

by ROBERT CAPA.

CUTTING FROM P ICTURE POST of Qctobey 11, 1952, shows the opening paracraph of OUY story, "The People Who Killed the Drummond~." This week, 13 months later, we publish the story

behind Gaston Dominic-i's arrest and confession lo the murdeY.

RICHARD H UGH ES, the author, who writes on Albert Schweitzer, Nobel Peace prize-winner, is best known for his novel A High Wind in Jamaica. He is also a poet and a dramatist and the 'father' of radio drama.

He has never met Albert Schweitzer in the flesh, but has read most of his books. Of these he says: "It is impossible t.o sum up in a phrase or two the conclusions of a.n original thinker's liletiroe and in my article I have not tried, but English translations of most of his books are in any good public library." ·

A ROYAL TOUR IS NOT ALL FUN ~

The Picture Post's Royal Tour team- Fyfe Robertson and Thurston Hopkins- photographed here in Jamaica- are now in New Zealand, watching that country prepare for the Queen. It didn't take them long to discover the snags. From Honolulu, Robertson wrote: ". . . meals are getting slenderer and slenderer as the dollars run out! This is a hell of a business-can't see one of the loveliest islands in the world, walking to save bus fares, bussing to save taxi fares, in heat that gets you down. I'm typing this in my underpants. How­ever, we're both, though thinner, lceeping well I "

While doi1tff. research on cruelty to children f or the second of our

BEST AND WORST OF BRITAIN series, Trevor Philpott and Hilde Marchant

heard the foil owing snatches of conversation:- . "Them's net fleas, Doctor, them's ceiling, using a sweeping bt'oom and

diYt off'n our feet." a bucket of thin whitewash. Nothing "Down by the skiYting board under had been put away. At the table her

the bed thet'e were three jugs, a quart, daughteY was sitting, a newspaper ovey a pint, and a little CYeam jug, eithey full heY head, eating chips fYom a paper or partly full. The mOYal to that is bag. 'You're neveY-.-well, satisfied, neveY buy a second-hand milk jug in a I nspeclor. You told me to clean the plau poor locality." up-and, anyway. none of this white-

.. The woman wus whitewashing the wash is going on Maureen's chips'."

All the case hist.ories given in our article were either witnessed by members of our staff or by inspect.ors of the N.S.P.C.C. whom they interviewed.

KURT HUTTON, wb'o took the pictures for our story on Oxford girls in trousers, was himself up at Oxford (Queen's College) for a year- just before the First World War.

In those days the average under­graduate in term-time never met any women except dons' wives and visit­ing relations-the latter, if young, invariably chaperoned. And women in trousers were unheard of. But time has mellowed Oxford customs-and Mr. Hutton. As his pictures show, he is now quite at home among a forest of shapely 'stovepipes'-even if he couldn't quite bring himself to wear his old college tie, which he brought down for the occasion.

• Pact11TI Post, 12 n.~. 1953

HtY,I /)fllfCAll -THEY:ft

(J()()/)/ ,

So many people are keeping

u ~harp lookout all the

time for Duncan products!

It's a good idea to buy

them whenever you see them

- while you've got the opportunity. 1

-J

round rick caramtls thicklJ coaltd with milky rhocolate. Price 5d.

swtll golden • roasted ltaalruds crowdtd in/Q smooth, rich chocolau. Price 6d.

rich utra buttery butter scotch - · big bon-bons indiriduall.J wraPf>td. Pritt -1d.

•1

IT'S A DELIGHT WHEN IT'S DUNCAN W. & If, DUNCAN Ll!!UTF.D, EDl'IBUBCH

Prctur~ Po1t, ti /Ncanba', IYSJ

YOU NEED SURF FOR A

-

MORE THAN JUST WHITE - SPOTLESS I faerylhing you put 1n a Surf boil comes up )potlc". The re .,..a, a na,ty ~tain on that sheet Yi here her young lady~h1p

sploshcd supper in bed. L ool.. a~ clo-e .. ~ you like n·s spotless now! And the \ame goe\ for the coloured' Spotle'>s - because Surf is the complete detergeni.

Look at those whites- what a spotless boil ! Yes­with Surf in the copper to help you . even hard-to-shift stains vanish. That's the great advantage Surf has over other detergents. It's the fi rst designed specially to give you a spotless boil. That's why Surf is the world 's most complete detergent.

There's no better example of Surf's completeness than the way it boils nappies- spotlessly ! Just listen to baby's joyful gurgling. wrapped in a snowy, soft, Surf­washed nappy.

If you'd·like to hang out your coloured things spot­lessly bright, gay as a spring window-box, into Surf with them, too. And it's good to know tha t Surf makes water soft as ra in.

Next washday do try Surf. You and Surf are the most successful washday team ever. Whites, coloureds, fine things- everything will be spotless, because Surf is . ..

THI WORlD"s MOST COMPUTE

DETIROEllT H 4VDYSIZC / .

F 4\111. Y .~17.f I i i/ti

~U lll •4 • 1 t O O A LEVER PROO UCl

6

READERS' lETTERS Post y()UT letters to PICTURE POST, 43-44 SHOE LANE, LONDON, B.c.4

,

WBJ(jB IS THE TRUE GERMANY?

T HE article on •Germany Today' (November 21) is ridiculous. ·Hamburg had made it. Hamburg was on top.' Of what? The

rubble it has taken eight years to clear away? It was only this autumn that the job was finished. No mention is made, of course, of the plight of the refugees from Eastern Germany, of the appalling unemployment, or of the incredibly overcrowded living conditions resulting from the chronic housing shortage .... How often does one hear it said, knowingly and darkly, that the Germans are clever, efficient, or both; Why this twin myth is so prominent in Britain is a mystery to me. Of course, the Germans are no more clever or efficient than any other race. Are German cars better than British, was German radar better than British, were German aircraft better than British? No. Each had or have their separate virtues, but one is not better than the other.

Finally, have we so soon for-gotten that the Germans started two World Wars, killed 10,000,000 Poles and Jews in cold blood and laid most of Europe waste?

DOUGLAS HOGG, MANCHESTER 10.

A Gn-nwn Arm.,? I think there are only very few

West Germans in favour of an army ('German Army,' Nov. 28). Probably foreign affairs do not have much importance for the ordinary West German, because he feel<; that lhe Federal Government has no alternative but to follow the policy of the three great Western Allies.

GUN'l'l£R GKAl', N.KW BARNET.

Where The11 Gain To compare Germany with

England is superficial and silly. The German worker, however much he is taxed, can see the money being used to clear the ravages of war-not spent on preparing for another.

CLAUDE FUDGE, PARKSTON.E.

War Would l/nit4' Tlwma The Germans' enemy is Com­

munism, and as we deprived them of the opportunity of crushing the 'Red Menace,• they will do their utmost to see that America and Britain do the crushing for them. During the war they wanted 'a free hand in Europe' to destroy Russia, and the unorthodox mission of Rudolph H~ss sub­stantiated this. It is now obvious that Germany would foster hos­tility between Russia. and the West as it is her sole prospect of a united Fatherland.

W, G. CLEAVES, NEWPORT.

Tale of a CM~ In the summer of 1951 I sub­

mitted this picture of Cpl. Bingley (taken in Korea where I was serving) for your photographic competition. Some months later I was captured by the Chinese and

forgot all about it until, in March, 1952, I received my first letter­from Picture Post. with a cheque for £5 I Of course, I was most pleased to hear I had won a prize, but it was, I think, the only occa­sion in my Life when I would have preferred a letter from my family to a cheque for £5.

As the cheque is now some two years out of date I am returning it to you.

LIEUT. R. B. COOKE, 8TH K.R.I. HUSSARS.

[Another cheque has been sent to Mr. Cooke.-EDITOR.)

'Art.II CmAHf'il Should Pn11' Surely the Abbey is a work of art

and culture? Therefore, the cost of restoration should be met from the fund allocated to the Arts Council.

]. H. S. LOCKE lMAJOR, RET.) , MUSWELL HILL, N.10.

[The Abbey still needs about £500,000: the A 1'ts Council's alloca­tion f<>Y 1953-54 is £785,000.-ED.]

WUl 1954 Night·Life B e Like Thi•? What I want to know is this:

if you are wearing one of those corsets that glow in the dark (Picture Post, November 28) with a nylon dress on top, will it glow through the nylon dress? If so, the scene inside a dark night-club should be quite sensational.

FREDERICK BAXTER, ILFORD. [Not if you are wearing a slip.

But if you like you can display the flowers worked on l-0 the corset by wearing a very thin d1'ess and no slip.-EOITOR.]

More Readers' Letters on page 8

Pittul'e Post. 12 Dtunilwr, 1953

"11 rfAVE 4 llA1114ERTON

FoR ?EST 11

ammerton

tout A WATNEY BREW

.,

l'frlwr~ 1'1111, 12 /'kc~. 1953

8

rule your life ? DOES IT TICK AWAY your working day, tick away your leisure, your energy, your health, your happiness-as you wash and scrub, cook and clean ? Think how much easier life would be with plenty of hot water, cheap hot water, instantaneous hot water. And that,s fust the essential service that Mr. Therm brings you with his Sink Water-Heater. Hot water when

you want it, day and night ; where you want it, at the kitchen sink; how you want it-at the turn of a tap !

I 50 gallons of hot water per week is the minimum require­ment for a family of four. That quanuty can be provided by Mr. T herm's Sink Water-Heater at a cost everybody can afford. Whether or not you have any other source of hot water in the home, y.lu still need a sink water-heater.

GllSs1NK WA T ER-HEA T ERS give lwt or boiling H'<t t c>r INSTANTANEOUSLY

For clt>nu111stra1io11 mul tletai[., of ea.~y term.~. call at yn11r ~,,, .~lwrt·rnom

READERS ' LETTERS Continued from page 7

Tl' a Tf!m J>tntion? Spare us television Bishops ('The

Biggest Pulpit in th<> World,' November 28} ! Bishop Sheen seems to me to have completely misunderstood Cbnst's purpose when. sn reply to the questi<m, ' Would Christ have appeart-d on TV?' he said that to Him it would have been as 'acceptable as His entrance into Jerusalem on a donkey.' We know that Christ did not believe in the constant us<' of 'publicity.' In particular, He ltkt·d to keep His ~firacles as quiet as possible. I believe that TV star dom would quite likdy have been a Fifth Tempt:i.tion in tlv· wilder­nes:>. KATREIHNJ-, MANNlNG,

NOT rtNGlf,\M.

B ig .-lttruC"twn I have recently seen a letter from

a county council to a would-be employee In it is the ridiculous sentence, "The salary this post attracts per annum is £340 ." Surely, this is carrying official jar­gon too far. It conj ures up in the

' '

mind a picture of a person, sud­denly endowed with magnetic properties, <lashing home a t the end of the month with pound notes sticking all over him .

ATTRACTED. (Name and address suppiml.)

• orr for Fa.•t Jl.'orl irr •? There should be a basic living

wage for every worker (Why don't the British Wor k' Nov. 14) to take care of the slow but consc1entious members of a staff, but over a certain level of production there should be a piece-work bonus system for the fast skilled work1•r.

W. FENN, L.D.s., OXl'<>l~U.

Hou• to Figh t Snaoli.~ T"'o practical ways of fighting

smoke : I. Hemove tJie Purchase Tax on

electrical and other smokeless heating apparatus. 2. Organise a •Fight Against Smoke' flag day -and use the money lo pay a team of German scientists to solve the problem in a couple of months.

I. M, CHESTY, LONDON, N.W.

n~•·) f or t l ae lligldm1d11 The Committee and Council of

the newly launched Highland Fund were extremely happy to read your most interesting feature 'The Highland's Last Chance' in

Picture Post of ~O\'embcr 21. I am sure some of vour readen; who feel concerned over the welfare of the Highlands may wish t o be a.o;sociated with the Fund. Their contributions, large or small, should be sent either to the Highland Fund, London Office. 285 H.cgcnt Street, W. l, or to the Highland Fund, Ltd ., 18 Heriot How, Edinburgh. LOKll MALCOM DOUGL.\ S·HAMI LTOI'\

More Letters on page 11

Picture Post, 12 Dttnn!Hr, 1953

-

•

SCH'YEPPERVESCENCE LASTS THE WH 0 LE DRINK THROUGH

Pi<lur• Post, 12 Du~. 19H

BCSJ 'So

Here's a luxury soup that all can afford ITS NAME IS BATCHELORS CREAM OF TOMATO SOUP • . Frankly, it 's a luxury soup but it is worth remembering that it is so in­expensive that it's well within the reach of every family. It's made the old-fashioned way, packed with the goodness of plump tomatoes, delectable spices and heavenly fiavourings whipped together and creamily thickened - very much richer and

smoother than most soups we're used to today. So next time you visit your grocers, instead of your usual "habit" purchase, why not give yourself this little treat? It will open your eyes to how good canned soups can really be when you choose care­fully. So remember the name-Batchelors Cream of Tomato Soup-and do try it for yourself this week.

•B' for BATCHELORS WONDERFUL SOUPS Including Vegetable · Cream of Mushroom · O xtail · Kidney

For National Health

l•E=TTP! randy plus Eggs

s the recipe for

ip-Top Pleasure

ou don't already

r Bois Advocaat,

a bottle for 'elevenses',

a night cap, or ju;,t for

sheer pleasure of 1t

n you can't reMst it. It 1s

tich~t, crcamu:sl,

t delicious Advocaat you

ibuy. 25/- a bottle-with

convenient egg cup cap.

BOLS DVOCAAT THE £COS AND BRANDY !JOUEUR

A Re.i Pleu"re wluch does you Cood de by ERVEN LUCAS BOLS AMSTERDAM

tR. BARNARDO'S HOMES

Still depend on

~luntary Gifts and Legacie11.

~hildzcn in our care are hoping you will be rather Christmas. Plcaee remember tbem.

CllR.lSTMAS GIFI'S my amount will be warmly welcomed. ·

IOT would help to r~d • our boys and girl-.

"'• etc. ( crou~d), payable "Dr. Bornardo • s ~·· $hould be sent lo 2 Bamardo Jlouse,

Stepruty Cau8eway, London, F,.].

READERS' LETTERS Continued from page 8

'S<-uttlr' in a..,, Sudan? Kenneth Allwp says in 'What

Egypt is up to in the Sudan' (November 28) that the British official in the Sudan 'has clearly known that the consequence of his work was his own eventual super­fluousness.' But what he did not really point out was that the official feels that his work is scarcely a quarter done. It's not, chlefiy, unemployment he fears: the Government will no doubt find him a new job. It's the end of the chance to give Sudan the benefits that he knows he could give her. Therefore, it is not uninformed nonsense to thunder about 'scutt­ling' and selling out the Em­pire; it is the simple truth, whether you approve of it or not.

ARTHUR BRAY, LONDON N.W.

' for rolling cigarettes on this atoll which I am privileged to share with about 400 Ellice Islanders.

JACK THORNTON, ELLICE ISLANDS, PACIFIC.

uadn-gran._lmpo•11ibr..? With reference to your weekly

Leadergram P uzzle, my attempts to solve these are entirely spoiled by the clues being so obscure. I find it absolutely impossible to work out, and should be amazed if any of your readers are capable of solving the puzzle.

MRS. S. GOLDMAN, LONDON S. W .8.

[What do other readers think of the LeadeYgYam?-EDITOR.]

Canada-Ae11'1aeiieall11 lnfan.dle?

I would like to express my appreciation of Stephen Barber's very reasoned and objective reports in recent Picture Post issues on Canada. His advice to intending immigrants had the effect of put­ting into words exactly what I, after a period of travel through Canada, had concluded. One definite impression, however, of my own was that-from the matenal angle---Canada 1s un­equalled- but, aesthetically, it is infantile.

BRAHAM TAYLOR, GLASGOW.

Cauada-..fitill No Job After reading Mrs. Pamela

Coupland's letter •Off to Canada' (Picture Post. Nov. 28). I felt compelled to write and tell you that my brother, who sold up all his home and posses.c;1ons three months ago and sailed for Canada, is still without a regular JOb. He is a first-class skilled engineer.

MISS JOAN KJRHV, BICKLEY.

Plcrur• Post, 12 Dtumbtr, 1953

<!brtstmas 'lrbougbt:

How little can a good watch

cost? TIMEX SHOCK RESISTANT ( F•o• 4116) provide

the season's mast amazing gift ralues

G IVE TIMEX Shock Resistant this Christmas! Never before have you been offered

such handsome, wonderfully reliable wrist­watches at such affordable prices!

llEl'OLl'TIOXA Bl." ,-.c:;o~IC ESCAPKftE~T

... a special cone-shaped balance staff gives TIMEX movement tremendous strength where most watches are weakest.

HERE IS THEIR THREEFOLD SECRET TIMEX are made in an ultra-modem factory where top-efficiency drastically lowers costs. They are made on the same high-precision machines used for making high­priced watches. They are British­made and free from duty.

nMEX CAN TAKE IT I EveryTJMExhasarevolutionary V-Conic

escapement which gives the watch tremendous strength where

most watches are weakest. At this vital spot- the balance assemblv- TJMEX are made with a · spe~ial cone-shaped

balance staff which runs in precision-ground Armalloy bear­

ing8. This eri.mres a degree of slwck resistance never before combined ll'ith

such accurak timekeeping. Ask your jeweller to show you the

TIMEX Shock Resistant range. Com­pare them, try them on, judge for yourself!

Ladies' andMen'sfrom 4-716 ('hoke of 16 model' iu d1ron1lul\1 or · \lll•>l•I' c-a.-N,

\Hth or \11thout •\lt't'P bN'Ulld hm~l.

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•

Picturt Post, 12 Deumbc>r, 1953

YOU CAN TAKE

EVEN IN WINTER

\

ILFORD HP3 FILM

With an Ilford HP3 film in your camera, you -can still take Faces and Places just as easily and just as successfully as in summer. This very fast panchromatic film, which fits all popular ~eras, makes photography possible, indoors and out, all through the winter months.

ILFORD FILMS FOR FACES AND PLACES ALL THE YEAR ROUNC 12

BERMUDA: RECEPTION AT GOVERNMENT HOUSE This piaure c011ld cause no raised eye/Jr(}fl)s in Jamaica, where the colour problem hardly exists. In Bermuda, where it is stiU very much alive, it could.

iTHE ROYAL TOUR

FROM BERMUDA TO JAMAICA ln his first report from stops

along the Royal route, FYFE

ROBERT SON tells how Jamaica

is shouldering her new responsi­

?ilities in government, beating

the colour bar, and fighting an

~phill struggle against over-popula­

tion and an unbalanced budget

PhotoQraphed by BURT GLINN

I AM sorry for the Queen and the Duke of Edinburgh. In two busy days they could see but little of lovely Jamaica; they could not

study at first hand the problems that make this island, largest of the British West Indies, one of the most interesting and exciting of alJ the territories the Royal couple will see in this marathon of Empire tours.

Here, black, brown and white people are co-operating in an experiment in government which is one of the landmarks in the shaping of the new Commonwealth. Jamaica, like Nigeria and the Gold Coast, would make South Africa's Dr. :\1alan shudder- thank God! For here, too, the black man, graduating through sorrow and exploitation, is coming at last into his own.

For Jamaica's Negroes the long story begins with slavery and the denial of almost all human rights, progresses through legal freedom with political impotence and economic exploitation, until those troubled middle 1930s when the pace of black and brown development quickened so

remarkably with the rapid rise of trade unionism. But the real change came when, in 1944, as part of the 'Colonial New Deal,' Jamaica was given a constitution only one remove from self­govcmment, based on votes for all.

The result has been the quickest schooling in responsibility a people ever had, and two political parties linked dangerously closely to two rival trade union organisations. Heading the Govern­ment as Chief Minister is as flamboyant and un­predictable a character as ever Jamaica threw up - Alexander Bustamante, who characteristically named the union that raised him to power the Bustamante Industrial Trade Union. Opposing him, as leader of the People's National Party, based on the rival Union, is his darker-<:om­plexioned cousin, Oxford-educated Norman Man­ley, Q.C. Bustamante's Jamaica Labour Party, strongly anti-Socialist, swept into power in 1944, but in the 1949 election lost much urban support. Manley's Socialist party makes headway, they say, in the towns, but the astonishing Busta-

C<>ntinued overleaf

13

Pi<ture P0tt, 12 l>tcl'ffWr, 1953

IN JAMAICA, BLACK, BROWN AND WHITE

CO-OPERATE IN A COLONIAL 'NEW DEAL' -

mante, learning the arts of responsible adminis-tration fast, grows in prestige-and not least, significantly, among Government officials.

The political changes have had one result which students of 'the colour question' should ponder. In little more than ten years the col-Our question has virtually disappeared here. As late as 1935 there was pretty rigid segregation by skin shade. Today, though there is still colour dis­crimination in the narrowest social sense, chiefly among the white and near-white descendants of the eighteenth-century plantocracy and mer­chants, colour doesn't matter-a man or woman is •placed• chiefly by education, and to a lesser extent by wealth. Unfortunately, the minority of over-sensitive blacks and the (say) five per cent. of white-haters interpret behaviour only in terms of skins,

A Legacy from Slavery For black people the worst exploiters have

often been a chocolate moneyed class. There is some of that here, but it is not a great danger, since black men and women are firmly entrenched in the emerging middle and administrative classes. But Jamaica's political and social development, and the nature and strength of social stresses, will depend on how Jamaicans solve their economic problems.

They are the usual harsh problems created when subsistence agriculture exists side by side with large-scale export crops and complete dependence on overseas conditions. But in Jamaica there are peculiar difficulties. One is a social structure, a legacy from slavery, with disturbing extremes of wealth and poverty. Another is over-dependence on two crops-sugar and bananas. Sugar still makes about 40 per cent. of exports. with the recovering banana trade in second place, and rum and tobacco following.

Jamaica. with few industrial natural resources, has to depend on imported raw materials for

a small fostered industry. Add to this illiteracy of around 70 per cent., an educational system just getting into its stride, lack of industrial experience, often an irresponsible attitude to · work and tomorrow, and above all inefficient and wasteful use of land. But the most difficult problem is a teeming population whose rapid increase may defeat every effort to raise living standards and abolish heavy chronic unemploy­ment.

In 1900 population was about 700,000; today it is 1.443,000, with black people, of course, the overwhelming majority. Small attempts at family limitation are beaten by ignorance and poverty, apathy- and the Jamaican Negro's attitude to women and parenthood. The birth­rate goes up as death rates decline. In the next ten years 130,000 more people will be looking for work, yet unemployment is about 20 per cent. of available labour (a low estimate), and the 1943 census found 54,000 young people under 25 looking for jobs who had never found one. By 1980, at present rates. Jamaica's population will be doubled.

This island lives by agriculture, but its farm­ing is shockingly poor, and soil erosion threatens the whole economy. Fragmentation of holdings by inheritance - division hastens the process. Abandoned plots and silt-laden streams meet the eye everywhere in the hills, and already de­forestation has changed the climate by reducing rainfall. Jamaica today shows the classic signs of advanced erosion-reafforestation work is ludicrously inadequate, and here again ignorance and pressing need make change difficult.

Health services are expanding rapidl)', and the common diseases take a lighter toll. Infant mortality is half of what it was 30 years ago, and expectation of life at 51-54 years is 16 years longer, although disease today is serious enough.

So much for poverty and disease. Ignorance and promiscuity take their toll, too.

Is the J amaican worker lazy? American ·findings are that, given fair incentives, the

THE ARRIVAL IN BERMUDA. The ' mission for the Queen to land had to be gr an

J amaicans' industrial performance compares well with others, but that more tuition and closer supervision are needed. Much of this poor performance is due to illiteracy, malnutrition, physical disabilities, lack of industrial experience. But one must add also carelessness about to­morrow, little responsibility for equipment or pride in quality, and remarkable irresponsibility towards dependants.

Illegitimacy is over 70 per cent., and is going up. This is to some extent misleading, since many unmarried Jamaicans are faithful lifelong partners. But real promiscuity is shockingly high, and nothing shows more clearly than this the oppression and exploitation of women traditional among Africans.

The hardest workers here, and the best, are women, largely because they are often wholly responsible for the illegitimate children forced upon them by necessity. There are strikingly fewer births among women in industrial work.

A YOUNG CITIZEN OF HAMILTON ALMOST MISSES THE QUEEN .

14

' landed at the Hindley Air Base at 9.55 a.m.-.five minutes early. Per­'J.S. Air Force. There was no gun salute, as all guns in Bermildaare American.

One had better not go closely into the effects on children of lack of proper home life, irregular nourishment, and home ignorance; or into the results, in crime and disease, of overcrowding worsened by the drift to the towns. Half Jamaica's dwellings, and 80 per cent. in Kings­ton, the capital, were (in the 1943 census) of one room, usually no larger than 15 feet by 10.

One industry booms amazingly-tourism. Along the fashionable north coast, millions are being invested in luxury hotels whose private beaches will soon close the shore. Poverty­stricken Britons are less welcome in some places than the Americans and Canadians who make up 93 per cent. of the island's visitors, though some hotels give lower rates for British visitors. Jamaica, of course, is part of the sterling area.

Dollar Standards of Spending · Thanks to the almighty dollar, prices of

almost everything are very high and dollar stan­dards of spending have corrupted Jamaicans. British-scale tips are accepted with barely­concealed contempt by hotel servants and chauf­feurs. Among themselves, luckily, Jamaica's Negroes show still their traditional kindness and consideration. But for neighbourly generosity, so ingrained that no country Jamaican would eat without sharing with a hungry friend, thousands would fare hardly in the bad times.

Is this a gloomy first glimpse of the path of an imperial tour? Jamaica faces hard problems and will need our generous help. No amount of advanced 'politics' will do much about exports of£17,11 l,OOO (1951) andimportsof£30,692,000. The only hope of even maintaining present living standards is to raise output as population increases.

Can Jamaicans do it? Colonial grants for :ievelopment are helping, but a needed first physic is a strong dose of realism in politics and ::conomics.

The Queen and the Duke will have heard lbout Jamaica's problems from those who know :hem best. If they heard the whole story, they nust surely wonder, as I did, why human nanagement should have made life so mean for IO many in a fertile and lovely land. And they vill be looking forward, as we do, to the next oyal halt-Fiji, and then Tonga which, since he Coronation, has spelt happiness and romance o British millions who had scarcely heard of it ~fore Queen Salote's Coronation visit to ..ondon.

PiaU'I !,,, EH A"'°'4

AFT ER SLEEPING FOR ONLY A FEW HOURS, and starting her flight from Bermuda at 6 a.m., the Queen arrived in Jamaica, looking gracious and cheerful. At the Sabina Park, · Kir.gston, Her Majesty attended a children's rally .

Picune POJt, 12 IRumher, 1953

16

SCHWEITZER-·MAN · 0 Pboto~raphed by Geor~e Rod~er and Dennis Stock

SCHWEITZER AT THE WATERFRONT of his hospital on the OgO'ltle River. A dug-out canoe is his only means of transport and the oars~ are all lepers. Schweitzer carries a wine keg full of filUred water. He does not all-Ow the sak of wine on the hOspitalgrounds, although he cannot emirely stop the natives drinking their O'ltln palm wine. His first hospital at Lambarini was destroyed by white ants; in 1924 he rebuilt it with his own hands.

SCHWEITZER AT THE ORGAN (le.ft) of the village church of Gunsbach in Alsace, where he was born. In Europe he plays to raise money f<>r his work in Africa (above) as Oganga, the 'medicine ma1i'.

PEACE What made Albert Schweitzer

give up success and civilisation £n order to become

a medical missionary in Africa? Could he have done

as much good ~f he had stayed in Europe? Richard

Hughes, the novelist, considers the challenge in the Zif e

of the winner of the Nobel Prize for Peace

•

N FRED NOBEL, a Swedish engineer, invents dynamite. Out of it he makes a vast fortune, to which most of the grate­

ful War Offices of the civilised world gladly con­tribute. But he dies-and he leaves all their lovely money to found five international prizes, and one of them-the 'Peace Prize' -is to go to " the person who shall have most or best promoted the fraternity of nations and the abolition or diminution of standing armies and the promotion and increase of peace congresses"!

Read these words carefully and consider who can qualify. 'Promote'- that means doing something practical and effective. What can a private citizen do, effectively, to reduce standing armies or multiply peace congresses? Surely it is only statesmen who can- big international figures. Woodrow Wilson, Nansen, Briand, Stresemann-that is the kind of name we most expect to find in the lists. Yet ... their work has crumbled. Dynamite to cordite to TNT to atom bomb-on that side of Nobel's work there has been plenty of progress : but who feels that universal peace is nearer today in 1953 than it was when Nobel died in 1896?

Question Mark in the Jun~e These were all in their time men in positions of

great power, these failures. But this year the prize has gone to no one of that kind at all. To :in aged medical missionary in the heart of tropical Africa, a man who has spent the best part of the last 40 years hidden away in a little tin hospital "between the water and the prime­val forest."

Is the intention, then, merely to honour the whole class of medical missionaries in one typical member? No. Schweitzer has been honoured because he is Schweitzer. History may quite likely decide the award has never been better made. Whatever your final verdict on him, an extraordinary person, unique in modern times. His story poses with dazzling clarity to any man capable of thought the most important questions which life has to offer.

Albert Schweitzer was born in 1875 in a little Protestant parsonage in Alsace. He seems to have been an unusual child: more than usually overflowing with a child's natural compassion and awareness of the suffering in tbe animal as well as the human world. He was hypersensitive, too, to music; he fainted with sheer joy the first time he heard voices singing in harmony: he was something of a musical prodigy indeed, playing the organ in church when only nine. The little child had an inquiring mind, already questioning his father pertinently about difficult points in the Gospel stories. An exceptional child, an even more exceptional young man. At

P~RTRAIT OF A MAN WITH £12,000 OF PRIZE MONEY. Nothebutthelepersof Africa will be~fit, for he plans to spend the money on a new hospital. Says Schweitzer: " The ethics of reverence for life . . . w1ll n<>t allow the scJwlar to live only for his learning ... Mr the artist only for his art. . . . They demand fr<>m all that they devote a portion of their life to their fellcws."

'24 he was expounding Bach to the eminent musician who was his teacher and who confessed that his pupil "made me aware of a Bach of whom previously I had only the dimmest ink­ling" (Schweitzer's book on Bach is now a recog­nised landmark). At 24, too, he had already published a book on the philosophy of Kant; and he was only 26 when he published the first of those revolutionary and enlightening theories about the earthly life of Jesus, reversing the whole trend of the fashionat>le German 'Christology' of the day-on which his reputation as a scienti­fic theologian chiefly rests. Other important books were already half formed in his mind.

At the age of 30, then. he bad the world at his feet- many worlds, for he was a Doctor of Philosophy, a' Licentiate· of Theology, principal of a college, a popular lecturer, a preacher whose sermons his congregations remembered for the rest of their lives, an organist with a European reputation, the standard authority on Bach, an authority on the technical construction of

organs; even a promising science student .... Yet at this age of 30 came the crisis of his life which he himself had long foretold for himself. No sudden emotional 'conversion'; just that at 21 he had already secretly mapped out his course and he never changed it. Until he was 30 he would go as far as he could in the arts and sciences; from the age of 30 on he would give himself to the direct service of mankind. Not in words any more, in action. No more talking about 'goodness'- but becoming 'good.' He would stop anatomising the doctrine of Love and allow his own compassionate love for all living creatures its head. He would stop preaching Christianity any more and become a Christian: a course as simple-and unusual-as that I

For a variety of reasons he now decided to go to Africa as a doctor. Doctor, not preacher: doctoring seemed a more direct loving, a preach­ing without words. He was anxious "to work without having to talk." Moreover, the central direction of missionary societies tends to fall into

Continued on page 54

Picture Posi, 12 DettmJHr, 1953

18

.THE DRUMMOND MURDER RE-ENACTED FO

I GASTON DOMINICI leaves his farm with police ojficMs. French proudure aUows a 'reccnstruaion of the crime.' After his confes-sion, Dominici is led to the scene of the murders.

2 THE STAGE is reset as on the night of the crime. From behind a bush Dominici watches Lady Drummond undress in the Hillman stalion wagon in which she slept.

~

!!! SECOND MURDER: Lady Drummond, __. whose role is re-enacJed by the investigating

magistrate, M. Peries, goes to help her wounded husband and is shot al poinJ-blank range. ·

6 OLD DOMINICI shows how he used Sir ] ack' s camp bed, on which he was sleeping in the open, to cover his body. Its position was later rea"anged to mislead the police.

7 SUICIDE ATTEMPT: Dominici dis­plays M msotion. But as he is led to the spot where 12-year-old Elizabeth died, he tries to throw himself over a railway bridge.

OLD DOMINICI CONFESSES

THE RECONSTRUCTION of the crime <Wtr, Dominici (second from left) is taken under escort to the prison at Digne. He pleadd to take his dog with him.

by

SYLVAIN MANGEOT

T HE murder of the Drummond family shocked Britain as a savage and senseless crime. For France, this assassination of

English holiday-makers, unsolv~d for fifteen months, was keenly felt as a bitter blot on the nation's hospitality. The conspiracy of silence of the local population, the political twist with which the Communist pres.5 tinged the whole in­vestigation and the apparent checkmate of just­ice, left French opinion dissatisfied and ashamed.

Now, out of the blue, comes the arrest and confession of the 76-year-old Gaston Dominici, the farmer on whose land the Drummonds were camping on the night they died- the stubborn old patriarch who, in the interval since the crime, had conducted touristS round the scene of the

!!'HE POLICE .

4 SIR JACK DRUMMOND, impersonated by InspectoYGiYi>lami, surprises the Puping Tom. Seiud wilh panic at the prospect of a charge of indecency, Dommici shoots Sir jack.

8 DOMINICI REFUSES to demonstrate how he clubbed Elizabeth to death with his rifle butt . Hef ore his confession he had inveighed against the monster who had killed •the little angel.'

After fifteen months a lone detective's tenacity has forced a confession to the Drummond murders-the case that threatened to remain unsolved

triple murder, taken their tips and declared that he would cheerfully kill the murderer with his o·wn hands if he knew his identity.

The arrest has taken a load off the conscience of France. By reducing the mystery to human terms, however ferocious, it has softened the feel­ing of collective guilt by restoring self-respect.

Because of this. the detective who solved the case has become a minor national hero. Sime­non 's Inspector :\laigret, the French public feels, could not have done better than Commissaire Sebeille of the :\1arse1lles police. Like Maigret, his method has been a triumph of psychology combined with inexhaustible patience in the most wearisome routine. Like Maigret in so many of his cases, Scbeille had to face moments

JS THIS THE FACE OF SAVAGE MURDER? It has the strength and obstinacy of the peasant; and the authority of a patriarch used to obedience-and silence, if necessary- from his clan.

of black frustration and official disapproval. Less than a month after the crime, he was convinced he had the solution within his grasp. In the middle of a 36-hour interrogation of Dominici's second son, Gustave, the telephone rang from the Prefecture; Sebeille was called off the case. La.conically, as the disgraced detective climbed into his Citroen, he remarked, "Pity- three hours more, and I'd have had it wound up."

Back in Marseilles, he could not get the Drummond case out of his system. Indeed, he made no attempt to. With his father, an ex-inspector and an acknowledged specialist in rural crime, he went over and over the enormous dossier he had accumulated. Privatelv, he carried out incredibly tedious check-ups, mvolv-

ing thousands of inquiries in the district of Lurs, where the murder took place.

From the early days, both the Sebeilles felt pretty sure that the answer lay in La Grande Terre, the Dominicis' isolated farmhouse. Father Sebeille's hunch was that the son, Gustave Dominici, had done the killing. Young Sebeille stuck obstinately to the theory that it was the father, old Gaston. After one heated discussion on this point, Sebeille wrote to his father from the scene of the crime, "The son's character eludes me. I can't understand his game. But the old boy is all of a piece. He is a wall. We'll have to find a breach." Just after that he was recalled. His parting words at the Dominicis' farm were, "I'll be back."

· Continued on page 57

•

J>ia..,• Pwt, 12 lkUlftbtr, 1953

THE BEST AND THE WORST OF BRITAIN-1

WE LOVE OUR ANIMALS LIKE British kindness to animals

is comparatively -modern,

springing from the Christian

\

revival of last century. It is

one of the best t~ings in British

life-a true Anglo-Saxon virtue

:HILD REN ••• This is the second in the

series of articles inaugurated

by EDWARD HULTON

KINDNESS is really a later flowering of man's nature. In the Ancient World, the rule was that of the weak by the

strong; kindness came in with Christianity. Even then it developed gradually. When Watt's invention of the steam engine began the Industrial Revolution, young children were working in mines; slaves were legally trans­ported; minor felons were publicly. hanged. Yet, within half a century, a new revival of. Christianity bred a new conscience in Europe. It grew more strongly in Britain than anywhere else, and kindness to animals showed itself primarily as an Anglo-Saxon trait. Once the idea was born, it worked its way to Britain's heart as a kitten does to a child's.

A Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals was formed by a group of people in Old Slaughter's Coffee House, St. Martin's Lane, in 1824. Eleven years after, Princess Victoria became its patron; and when she later ap­proved the Queen's Medal for services to the Society, she found no cat in the design, and sketched one in herself. The Society had been going for sixty years before a National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children grew out of it. At present, there are over 150 animal welfare societies in Great Britain, and the diversity of them would have surprised even Jeremy Bentham, the great philanthropist. Amongst others, there are:

The Honourable C0tnpany of Cats. The Keep-fit Club for Dogs. The Metropolitan Drinking Fountain and Cattle

Tr<>Ugh Association. The Legion for the Protection of Rooks. The Isle of Man Fur and Feather Society. The British H erpetological Society (/or tortoises

and other reptiles).

The Statistics of Kindness

Further, when Britain adopts a moral prin­ciple, she likes it to travel. From our R.S.P.C.A., the idea quickly spread to the North American continent; to Baghdad, and the Cape of Good Hope ; to Ceylon and Japan and Australia. When the Turkish S.P.C.A. was formed, the secretary came to England for guidance and the R.S.P.C.A. has a man in Addis Ababa, and one in Singapore. The Hawksley Society for the Protection of Animals and Birds in Italy Ltd., incorporated in Britain, prevented a revival of bullfighting in Italy in 1949, by making representations to the Government.

The Scandinavian countries, now, are. well abreast of Britain in legislation for animal wel­fare. In Denmark, for instance, the battery hen system was howled down by public opinion.

Other countries spend more on their pets than Britain: America, in particular. But, on the whole, Britain gives the world a lead, even if her sentimental excesses are sometimes laughed at.

It is hard to prove kindness by statistics. But

-

A STRAY CAT is hurt on the road: a People's Dispensary for Sick Animals ambulance comes to the rescue. Four British Welfare societies treaied nearly two million animals last year.

figures for cruelty to animals supply, at least, a negative argument . . Unless the nation cared deeply, the reports of cruelty would be less. The number of cases reported is fairly steady, in recent years. These are typical figures for England and Wales:-

Year I Cruelty Cases reported Convictions 1900 - 7,894 1914 - 4,835 1919 - 3,963 1930 24,489 2,447 1939 31,173 1,412 1946 20,589 680 1950 30,757 894 1951

I 31,399 939

1952 30,750 962

There have been fewer actual prosecutions, partly because of the disappearance of horse­traffic from the roads: most of the earlier cases dealt with the over-loading and over-driving of horses. Today, most cases concern small animals, with dogs heading the list. There have been prosecutions for cruelty to a rat, and for torture of grey squirrels.

When we think of animal welfare we think of our dogs and cats. Yet animal welfare work was concerned at the start with farm and working animals, and animals used for sport and enter­tainment. The work of Richard Martin and others put an end to bear- and bull-baiting, cock- and dog-fighting. In 1730 The Weekly journal advertised a popular entertainment: "A mad bull, dressed up with fireworks, to be turned loose in the same place. Likewise, a dog, dressed up with fireworks; also a bear to be turned loose. N .B.-A cat to be tied to the bull's tail."

The use of dogs to draw carts was stopped. (It goes on still in certain Belgian provinces.) Successive laws have improved the lot of animals on the farm and in the markets. Conditions of slaughter and trapping have been, step by step, made less cruel. Several things, condemned by many, still remain acceptable to Britain's conscience; the fur trade, the 'blood sports,' experimental vivisection, the training of per-

forming animals. They are certainly argued about, and there is no lack of warmth! Shame­ful practices. such as the vile treatment of horses sent abroad from Great Britain for brutal slaughtering was stopped in 1950, by the Exportation of Horses (Minimum Values) Order.

As for our pets, reports of cruelty more often expose ignorance than viciousness. The eight or nine hundred prosecutions a year are not many, considering the number of animals we keep. We have well over 3,000,000 dogs; over 6,000,000 cats; more than one and a half million cage birds. In 1952, 22 per cent of all households kept dogs, and 29 per cent kept cats.

We spend more than £70,000,000 a year on our pets. Food for dogs and cats alone cost about £.65,000,000 in 1951. Bird seed cost £1,800,000; dog licences, £1 ,100,000; papers about pets, £300,000.

Why We Love Them

Four major British animal-welfare societies treated nearly 2,000,000 sick and injured animals in 1952. The R.S.P.C.A. cost £352,463 to run last year-all from voluntary contributions. (During the same period, it cost £398,936 to run the N.S.P.C.C.) It has 245 inspectors, 116clinicsand 138 ambulances in England and Wales. It runs the only airport-hostel for animals in the world. The People's Dispensary for Sick Animals, cost­ing over a quarter of a million pounds a year to run, has 76 dispensaries, 4 animal hospitals, 5 stray dogs' homes, 14 ambulances and '18 mobile dispensaries. It runs clinics in Egypt, France, Morocco, Japan· and South Africa. Our Dumb Friends' League, with 53 branches in England and Wales and 22 ambulances and horseboxes, cost £80,000 to run last year , and it alone helP,ed over a quarter of a million animals. ·

We are not logical. We love a Brumasl But we wear fur coats! We confuse sentimentality with kindness, and spoil our animals in the cause of loving them. But our lack of logic and our excesses are things to smile, not to sneer, at. Those who love the birds and the beasts, as being also amongst God's creatures, are more, and not less, likely to love ~heir fellow-men.

• • • BUT WE LET SOME CIDLDREN LIVE LIKE ANIMALS ~

22

•• .BUT WE LET

TWO BOYS of a Rotherham family. They slept <m a wire mattress with only an old army greatcoat for covering.

T HE city we have described exists. But it's not nicely confined in one place within a neat boundary. There are patches of it

behind closed doors of semi-detached houses in Croydon; behind the glass cafe-fronts in the Cardiff dockland; in old army huts at the fopt of the Welsh mountains; in new Cotswold-stone houses at Bourton-on-the-Water.

Since the war the pattern of cruelty in Britain has been changing. There are fewer brutal assaults on little children. When they do happen, they shock us more than they used to-although the penalties still seem slight enough! The woman who slashes her son's back with a brass toasting fork is fined £2. The ship's butcher who takes his eight-months-old baby between his hands and crushes the ribs away from the breastbone is gaoled for twelve rnon ths. Now 'neglect ' is the fashionable form of torture. Of the 97,835 distressed children attended by the N.S.P.C.C. last year, 66,035 were neglected. Let us go and visit some of their homes.

In this house the Mother is trying ... Mrs. W. lives on the top floor of a house in

Battersea, London. She has five children and a tubercular hip. The two youngest, the twins, were just five weeks old on the day that their father died of cancer. A fortnight later, in a downpour of rain, the ceilings in both the bed­room and the living-room collapsed. "The men who came to put the tarpaulins up were laugh­ing," says Mrs. W. "That's when I asked the Inspector in to help." That was three years ago. She still drags herself down two flights of stairs to the water tap. still sleeps with the twins in a single bed. Her other three children sleep in the same room, the eight-year-old girl using a baby's cot. The twins are still white and weak from whooping cough. " How these two have sur­vived," says the Society's woman visitor, "I cannot understand."

Seven in One Roon1 Bad housing is one of the chief causes of

child-neglect. This woman is one of thousands. We visited a draughty, stone-floored army hut near Caerphilly, South Wales, where the parents are living with nine children; a semi-detached house in a Croydon suburb, where the parents and three children are living, eating and sleeping in one room. 'Dad sleeps on the floor by the fire, where it's warm.' In Paddington it is not unusual to find a family of seven living in one room, sl~eping crosswise over the floor; and twenty-four people sharing one lavatory.

In this house Mother is dirty and a fool .. . We find her on the pavement. Her face is

covered with grime. The children are sitting

silent in the wreck of a pram, on either side of a bag of chips. Before tne Inspector has said a word she is crying. "My nerves is terrible, Mr. Harvey. I dream of yer. I lock myself in this room and daren't answer the door." There are no rugs in the room, no laces in her shoes, no fire in the grate. The words come out in a ceaseless, high-pitched song, punctuated with sobs. The children cling to her skirts, look with wide eves as the tears make little white streaks through the dirt on her face. " I clean up every night. I'm on my knees till eleven. I was last night, in this room." We look down at the floor. The lino is thick with dust. ff I've got plenty of stuff- loads of stuff! Six pairs of sheers I've got -six pairs! And an eiderdown-and yards and yards of curtains and blankets! It's all in the pawn shop! He's not been working for four weeks. It's not his fault, God knows it's not. Don't take my children away, Mr. Harvey-it's my nerves!" The bewildered little girls are staring dry-eyed at the bag of chips on the table. ff Now then," the Inspector says softly. "don't let your chips get cold."

Be careful with your sympathy here-last time she fainted, falling carefully between the messes that the children had left on the floor.

A little farther do-din the strut we visit another woman, large, slovenly and 'terrible sick.' There are tw6 children in the room. One sits silently by the fireplace eating a piece of bread- the last scrap of food in the house. The Inspector puts his fingers into the younger child's hair. "I told you to get these kids cleaned up, Ma," he says. "You get them to the clinic this afternoon. What are they going to have for dinner?" ff Nothing," Ma says. "We've got nothing. He's not good to me, not good at all."

Ignorance, laziness, bad management are widespread causes of neglected children. Women who will not clean themselves, their children or their houses, who flounder in a bog of tallymen's accounts, hire-purchase payments· and unpaid

Lost year in Britain the total number of people brought before magistrates' courts for cruelty to children was 1,080 (809 in 1938). The total number of children abandoned or lost was 1,521.

The National Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Children attended children os follows:

Neglect 66,035 Ill-treatment or assault ... 7,767 Abandonment 156 Exposure, or causing to beg 108 Beyond control 573 Moral danger 1,317 Immoral offences . . . 89 Unregistered foster-child .. . 67

No, little one, you were not born evil and cruel; but you were

born into evil, into cruelty. Perhaps someone will find you in time!

bills; men who will not work-"Why should I work all the week for £7 I Os. when I can get £7 National Assistance, and keep my day free for a bit of dealin'? " Often the family allowance becomes extra pocket money for the husband. He deducts it from the housekeeping money.

In this house Father is drunk . . . He thunders home at 11 o'clock. The three

children- a girl of 14, a boy of 13 and a boy of 9-cuddle tighter in their bed. From down­stairs he bellows, "Come on down, all on yer! Or do [ have to come and fetch yer? " The routine is familiar. For two or three hours the children will watch their mother being bullied and beaten- if any of them tries to take her part he will be thrashed. In the early hours they'll be ordered to dress and leave the house. Just as they are going out of the door their father will order them back. "Get back, all on yer, before you drive me - mad." It happened yesterday, it will happen tomorrow, it has been happening for a long time.

The woman, tiny and sad, goes out to work to keep the children decent for school. In eighteen years of married life she only received regular money from her husband whilst he was in the ~avy during the war.

Red Wine and Methylated This house is in Cardiff. A boy of twelve opens

the door, and runs away. A boy of ten runs after him. Upstairs, a child of two is sleeping on a double bed. Across the same bed the mother is spreadeagled, her hair matted, her eyes glazed. On a table beside the bed are the remains of a bottle of cheap red wine, and one of methylated spirit. She is muttering to her­self. "I'm going to have a baby. He's told me to get rid of it. I've tried everything and the little - - 's still there. He's told me to kill myself now. I'm not drunk, Inspector, I can look .after my children."

And this is n-0t a house at al/r--it' s a pigsty. . . . We find the woman, just before midn.ight, sitting on an upturned bucket in a pigsty on the out­skirts of Cheltenham. In her arms is a starving baby, four months old, too weak- to cry. A man leaps out of the dark corner and tries to put a knife into the Inspector. We take the baby to hospital. It is severely ill with gastro­enteritis. Another twenty-four hours, and it would probably have been dead.

• • • This is a small corner of a metropolis of

suffering children. It is not an over<oloured picture. We have not dwelt on the stench of stale urine and rotting scraps of food, the lice, the nits, the fleas. Inspectors of the N.S.P.C.C. give all the help that is possible, with patience and common sense-and considerable courage. Bad housing and senseless overbreeding are

· partly to blame. Money is not the problem. There are homes with incomes of £15 a week where the children haven't a blanket to lay over themselves. A new legion of idlers is living in our villages and towns: men and women who do not beat their children-they ignore them.

Pielurt PMt, 12 Dutmhtr, 1953

SOME CHILDREN LIVE LIKE ANIMALS Imagine a children's city, as large as Cambridge or Wigan -and every child tormented or sickly or hungry. Every year

the city is demolished and the the children are comforted;

• • every year 1t rises up anew, heartbreaking and horrible

Piaw• Pon, 12 ~. 1953

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hours of soft and friendly light for one unit of elec­tricity, using a 6-volt bulb. Of hygienic plastic in pastel shades of Ivory, Blue, Pink or Green. with matching reflector decorated with nuncry motifs. 6-ft. flex and adaptor fitted. tit J.n. h11b, 3f in. bue, 3t In. diameter reftector. In 200/250 or 100!120 volta, A.C. From good-claJs chemists, s1or1s and 1l1elricians. For nanu of nl4l'1st sux:kUt, p/eas1 wriu dir"t: Pi/C4> Ltd., Watli"K Str11t, MallcMst1r 4,

19'tt

24

---= ---

a Yel'.Y good name "fOr milk chocolate

" It's gorgeou< .• it's heavenly ••. it's fabulous!~

crNmy " "'Y teenage enthu>ia,ts with 'i1th< of

lit-light! "It's very gou•I milk chocolate," say

N{.;ue~ with hemming mod4.'>ty. Tbere

may be "'me in yoor -.hop today, so watch

out for that tempting rl'd and gold wrappl·r.

N)

f'Clmous Triumph •~f9 ~etwotdt ~ AU-IN fllEf·SEll~CE GUARANTEE - mo.in.prlnr lncluftd I Otherl,..enoll1upto £10.

(/ ,.. D ~.!,~,~ .. ~!!~

I f"'*'eoreSl wotcMt ondcfods ftOM•h•chtodtoo1«.WttMfor ltiofl.et: llT Olll FllOM \'OU LOCAL ffWIWI llllUIOU. LTD. 7' 1•1110LL COltllll • IUtlLIP • MIDDX.

A PRINCESS IN TROUBLE WITH THE WIND ON THE ESCALATOR What I She's on the Undergrotmd, al-One-and not even sure of her seat to St. ]ames's Park, nearest station to her home ... This is photo-montage; but who'd be surprised to see i t happening soe>n?

Pitlwc POJI, 12 De~, 1953

COULD IT HAPPEN TO

OUR PRINCESS?

Back~round photographs by HAYWOOD MAGEE

These pictures of Princess Margaret, superimposed on common or garden London

backgrounds, show her doing things she hasn't done, but might do tomorrow. Would people let her or

would they spoil it all by crowding round to goggle ?

HOW IT'S DONE ABROAD

Queen Frederika of Greece visits 1,300 f<>rmerrebels, now training as technicians. She joins them in a gay street dance.

Continua overleaf ..,r _ __.__.

THE GIRIJ WHO P UTS CORN ON HER HAT She may have got this brilliant idea from the small bo;· on the left, wlzo'<;

been making frunds ·with pigeons like this for years.

NO ST ANDING. When the cry of "F ezz plizz" goes up, she would look anxiously to make sure she had the right change. And perhaps she'd even enjoy the smell of her

neighbour's pipe-tobacco.

NOT ON SUNDAY. That's the 1iiorning whm the Zoo is

~ open to Fellows only. Bitt this -, could 1 httppen any day of the

week. No wonder the penguin gives Her Royal Highness

his very best portly bow.

MORNING STROLL. It isn't Ch11rch Parade. It isn't anything but a fine winter's day: just the day for the park. And why, if it comes to that, shouldn't it happen tomorrow?

27

Pic furt Post, 12 ~umbl'r, 1953

AT ALL THf Bf ST SHOPS AND AT THE COTY SALON. 3 NEW BONO STREET W I

•

•

;ne .... LOOK! YOUR CHRISTMAS WINE FOR LESS THAN £ 1

I lottlt VP Rich Ruby &/-1 Bottle VP Sweet White 5}-

1 lott11 VP 11'111111 Sllerry 7 / 9

fotll 19(9

1 Bottle VP Rich Ruby · · t f · I I Bottle VP Sweet White , , •

; Bottle VI' British Shlf'rY 4/-j Bettle VP Oki Brown !rit1&11 Sherry SIS

Total I 9(J

I 8ottlt VP *** Rich Ruby .

I Botti• VP $1naer Wine

; Bottle VP Ricn $olden British Shffry S/3

ToUI 19(9

I lottlt VP Rich Ruy , ,_ I Bottle VP *** Rich Rully 9/1

I lottle I Bottle VP Sweet White &/-1 Bottle VP $incet" Wine 7 • VI' *** British Shel'ry 1/1

Total 19(• Total 19/ ·

take your pick from the pick of the vine!

WHEN THE PEERS

CAME TO TOWN

"Look at that photographer-feller - wanting to take us backwoods­men ! '' said a peer arriving at the House of Lords Television Debate to Maurice Ambler, who took these pictures. In response to a two-line Government Whip, and a rival appeal from the Popular Tele­vision Association, they rallied in unusual numbers.

From the deepest armchairs of clubdom, from stately homes or cottages they poured in- first class or cheap day return, by antique Rolls, baby Fiat, cab or Shanks 's Pony, packing the Chamber and stampeding in the lobbies. They bandied angry words on behalf of the People.

Protests were made, but by 157 votes to 87 the motion disapprov­ing the Government's plan for an alternative TV service failed. To the Government that intends to re­form them the peers remained loyal.

Lord Leconfield Lord Goochen

Viscount Trenchard

and thick • • •

Lord Schuster

they came • • •

Lord Reith

and more • • • and more • • • and Was it Lord Bowler-Hat?

• • • more 29

t:tuu Post, t2 Du•mi,,.., 1953

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Prepared from Nature's best foods, 'Ovaltine' pro­vides nutritive elements­fortified with additional vitamins- in a concentrated and easily digestible form. It helps to reinforce health, str~ngth and vitality and to build up resistance to win­ter weather ills.

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In '

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Oval tine Tliere is notliing lilw it

------ --·- -- - - --- - - ----~--· --------------~ - ~--

.....

Part of the folding frontispiece to ] ACK THE GIANT KILLER (about 1820).

At length bright .ADrora emerguig U\ state, Openecl slowly the day th.a.t was fixed for the F~te; Th~ Jlose,wbm w lark flew abroad from ih ne.st, Wa.s alrea<ly awake from 'her slambmi, and drest.

P~•I.

;EST/VAL OF FLORA (1819) was, like ma1iy books of this t£me, colo11red by hand.

"0 Grannv, dear! Ottr mittens are here, Make Jtas"te and cul up the pie!'' -from THREF UTT/.F. K/TTFNr;;;, (1881\.

Pi<TU'I Pott, 12 Dunn/:wr, 1\153

THE

ENGLISH STRUWWELPETER OR

ronY PIOTUBBS.

Written by JA~ET ADAM SMITH

CHILDREN'S BOOKS OF TODAY AND YESTERDAY

Whe11 thl' childrni llar•e bee11 1:11od, Thai is , be it u11derslood, Cood al meal-limes, good al pl11y. (;aod all nighJ and g(l()d all dll r. -

• Flitv sllall liave the prelly tilings .\Jerry Clmstmas always bnngs Naughty, rompmg girls aud bo,·s Tear their clotMs and make ti 11mse, Spoil their pinafores and }rocks, And deserve 1w C/irislnu.s-box. S11t:li as tlu!se shall tu.vet lc>ok At this preUy Pit:lure-Book.

SO runs the introduction to the English Stmu:welpeter. Picture-books havr

\.... indeed o ftrn been th<' good child's reward; but they ha\'e also often brcn th<' bad c-hild\ refuge from a world turned hostile·. \\'ith this key in thr1r hands children, good and bad. can walk into private worlds of their ow11. With 1-katrix Potter they can enter an enchanted land­scape of lake and fell where rabbits wear blue jackets with brass buttons; with Caldecot l they can slip back into a m<'rry England of half-timbered hou:;es, ro:w-chet>ked boys in tight nous- -er._, and jolly red hunt"men; with Kate Greenawav, into thl coolest of g-reen orchards: with .\rthur Rackham, into deliciously terrifying woods where grot<'sque face!> grin from every tree-trunk and writhing hands dutch from everv bough. The cinema too draws children in­to ot lwr worlds, but its images ardl<'<'tirqc the A e.,~ Girl

child with a book can brood over llw illustrations until he can walk rit!ht 1nl0 the picturt'.

That's \\h\' grown-up!> can't bear an~· new illustration!- to the books they loved as children; why Alice with pictures by anybody but Tenniel will send us into a fury. We feel that a gang of strangers and impostors has comr barging into our private world, pushing out the friends WC'

have cherished all our lives. Some of the illu:>trator<;. too haYe been

constructing thrir private worlds in their pictures. Kate Greenawa\· was a London child who spent holidays in a farmhou:-.e in :-\ottinghamshire, and who embodied her dream ·of the rnun trv in pictures when· everything i~ neat a.s a new pin and no childm1 tear tlwir clothes. Beatrix Potter had a lwavs foun<l in animals an escape from the (lullncss of her South Kensington home with cntll'l :-incl rice pudding ever) dav for dinner. She had a hedgehog for

· a pet; she made a sperial

A~Man

portable hutch so her rabbit could come travelling with her, it came easily to her lo make animals talk. But

when these creatures of her private world made money for her by the books she wrote c·ontinued on page ?; I

HAND-COLOU JO~JJ ~ illustrahons to earZ\' "11111 19th-century grammar.

·•

tuu PnJt, 12 DumiNr, 1953

"Ftm and frolic at Beauchamp Towers," by Kate Green-­away in EVERY GIRL'S ANNUAL (1879). For once

her children are not in their characteristic dress.

The foxy-whiskered gentleman shows silly Jemima Puddlecfock where she can sit on her eggs in /us lt·oodshed.- From Beatrix

Potter's j l~M 1 MA PC'DDLEDUCK (1908).

' ,...

"This dog and man at first were friends; But when a pique began, The dog, to gain some private ends. Went mad and bit the man." Caldecott's illustra­tion to Goldsmith's ELEGY ON THE DEATH OF A MAD DOG (1878).

This Christmas's child l'fUJY have the luck to be given a Bahar book, an Orlando, or an Ardizzone; a Greene­and-Craigie or a Lewitt-Him. Will he cherish them, and

J eun de Hrnnh-0j's Babar delii1ering toys to eleplumt children. A Lyons Corner House iii Londo·n had a delightful inndo1r display of tins episode last

year.- From BA BAR AND FATHEU. CHRISTMAS.

Edu:ard A rdizz<me writes the story a11d draws the pictures /or his books about Tun and his friends. Here is one from TIM AND CHARLOTTE.

Ardizzone has also brilliantly illustrated "The Pilgrim's Progress".

later want to pass them on to his children, as his parents cherished Black Sambo, The Twins and the B eatrix Potters? Or his grandparents Caldecott and Kate Greenaway?

Vith Dorothy Craigie, u•ho supplies the pictures Graham Greene has produced in pe last .few years a .~eries of books that may surprise readers ttJho only know 'The End of the Affui.r."- From THE LIJTLE STEA M ROLLER (1953).

Picnwe P1>11, 12 IH<mtbw, 1953

The fireman tries to capture the escaping footbaa, from THE FOOT­BALL'S REVOLT, by Lewitt-Him- a partnership which has prod·uced a number of gay and slightly surrealist children's books.

"And tlJ,en wasn't Little Black Sambo grandl"- 1'rom Helen Bannerman's LITTLE BLACK SAMBO (1899).

K a t hleen Hale's M ar m alade cat Orlando, and his dear wife Grace. From ORLAN DO' S

HOl\JE LIFE.

Good Paul and Bad Peter. - From john Hassall's story, THE TWINS (1904).

Picture Po11, 12 December, 1953

COMPOSED BY MARS

Delicioso

Fru ity as fruit What a Chri.stmas-sy treat

Spangles are . the f av - our~ - ite sweet

CJJORUS:

Handily packed , delicious to eat

Pop 'ern in the stockings

For a Cht•istrnas t1·cat

TEA- AND SLACKS-FOR TWO Scene: A room in a women's college. Here a girl can wear, within reason and her pocket, whaJ she likes. Or what he likes. Right: The girl on the left rt1ears denims with her gwm. More com/ ortahle ]or cycling I Warmer for lectures I But forbidden.

DE-BAG OXFORD'S WOMEN?

Photo~rapbed by K. HUTTON

Should women wear trousers? We went to

Oxford- where the wearing of slacks by ~I

undergraduates has recently been in the

news. Oxford University Proctors do not

permit the wearing of trousers in academic

dress, which must be worn for lectures.

STUDY IN ELEGANCE Lots· of girls wear troi'5ers in the privacy of their college rooms. So, even, do some women

dons. But few of these trouser addicts ventu,.e to wea,. them in public.

•

LEGGING THE PARTY LINE ~ This party was given to prove to us that Oxford ,,,.. women can wear t,.oi45e,-s-be they plaid drain-pipe

<»'plain cOt"duroy. By and large we were convinced.

TROUSERS T AKE A BOW At this, yet anothu party, tkse black velvet 'mat<u/Qr' trousers made all the running. But it is only fair t-0 add thm they come from America,

and f et11 Oxford girls have such SOflrces t-0 draw on.

•

It's a man's underworld

in nylon

Wool underwear for British winters: well, of course.

Warm. Feels good. Spin nylon with the wool for vest and pants-what then?

Then-ah! Light weight as well as warmth. A springy, airy feel, and a shape

that stays shapely. Underclothes that don't wear out

in a winter or two, that don't get matted or full of holes.

See for yourself: ask about wool~and-nylon underwear.

And there's all-wool reinforced with nylon too, or 100 per cent

nylon if you're the June-in-January kind.

Ask and you'll find ...

it's a· nylon HD FOR WIVES

our husband's nylon underwear halves your work. Easy to wash : it

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PUt11u Porr, 12 IR~. 1953

MUST MALTA GO AMERICAN ? As Malta holds her General Election, JOHN PUDNEY reminds British readers of the dilemmas, national and international, whichface the George Cross Island today

What does the a.it•ent of A mtrican forces mean to the women r..·ho wear tM 'faiddta '? Seldom will so many G.I.s have been crowded iii so small a place.

Tiie Inscripti<nt which reeot'4s Maltas gift of herself to Britain.

T OO few people realise that Malta is not just an ordinary British Colony, taken by force of arms. The Maltese, a proud and

vigorous European people of Carthaginian descent, voluntarily became British subjects.

A record of this decision is engraved in stone in Latin, the language of St. Paul, whose ship­wreck on the island established for all time the Maltese devotion to the Roman Church. Its translation reads: "To Great and Unconquered Britain. The Love of the ~laltese and the Voice of Europe Confirms these Islands A.D. 1814."

It is significant that if you build a house in Malta you are required by law to account for the soil you displace. There is nothing more precious upon this thickly populated rock, measuring nine miles by seventeen. The island, for all its natural and architectural beauty, is no Garden of Eden. Yet since the days of pre­history, of which there are so many mysterious and exciting remains upon the island, Malta, and its sister island, Gozo, have been of political and military value to powerful forces in the Mediterranean. In its long known history, it has been held by Phoenicians, Carthaginians, Romans, Arabs, Normans, Angevins, Aragonese and Castillians, by the international Order of the Knights of St. John of Jerusalem, who ruled there for two and a half centuries {from 1530 to 1798), and by the troops of Napoleon who remained but briefly-though Bonaparte, the strategist, had stated to a British diplomat: "Peace or war depends upon Malta. It is vain to speak of the Netherlands and Switzerland; they are mere trijks. For myself, my part is taken. l 'll!ould put you in possession of the Faubourg Saint Antoine rather than of Malta/"

Key to the Me diterranean

All the world knows (though the British authorities realised it all too tardily in 1940) the strategic value of Malta in the last war. Those of us who served there in the Air Force watched Kesselring's assembly of gliders in Sicily, 20 minutes' flying time away, ready for the liquidation of the island. Kesselring's memoirs now being published confirm that the Nazis (happily also too late) realised that this small rock, with its unconquerabl~ spirit, was the strategic .key to the whole Mediterranean war.

The people of Malta received the George Cross. Another plaque went up, written in English, and signed by Franklin D. Roosevelt. Its inscription begins: " In the name of the people of the United States of America, I salute the Island of Malta, its people and defenders .... " It goes on to describe Malta as "a beacon of hope for the clearer days which have come" (Dec., 1945). · Roosevelt's tribute was to the ~faltese and to

the units from Britain and the Commonwealth who defended the island. There may have been Americans there (I knew some). But Malta was never a commitment for the American Forces. This is a historical fact, not a complaint, that America die! not play a vital part in this Mediter-

Continued on f>age 41

39

PielUJ'• Po#, 12 Deemtbw, 1953

IO

ROYAL DUTCH CHO COLATE

at your Confectioners

· I I I S 0 0 II , • · ¥. I II S S II II , " 0 l l A I 0

Judge for yourself I At the London County Council's Housing Estate,

Priory Green, Finsbury, the communal laundry

is equipped with sixteen washing machines -

and each one is a HOTPOINT.

The same machine has been a first favourite

with Britain's housewives for many years. Of

her machine, which we estimate is nearly 20

years old . ..

I am enclosin• o much worn cord from my woshinr machine and you will be able t o tell the o•e of it. I must

"tell you how YU Y ex cellen"t I haYe found my Hotpoint. I haY• done a tremendous amount o f work in mine and it has saYed me o lot of mone y, as I haYe d one all my blankets, loosecoYers; heaYy cunains of aU lcinds, bed coYen , not to mention all personal laundry. I firmly con­sider that it has more than t rebled the l ife o f the a r ticle compared to laundry warhin•· · If you ca re to molce use of this, I shall b e Yery pleased. A satisfied owner of many years, should help to ~ influence o would-be buyer who is uncer tain ~ which (of the many) to choose. fi'fA

Youn t ruly, • 1

(Si•ned) C . A . BROWN (Hrs.) . ·

• Onginal lecter in our files. 1 \

The rotary iro~er designff for use with the Hotpoint

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•

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..

MAlTA NEEDS BlllTAIN • • • IND WE NEED HER

t-••.";,, The wa1' bound MaJta and Britain tightly together. Has the memory of tlwse times grown misty? W iU America become the friend that Malta needs?

The first load of U.S. Marines starl manauvres on a Maltese b~h. On the horizon America lines up a sample of her naval. might.

ranean war. Now there is a N.A.T.O. head­quarters in Malta, recalling the internationalism of the Knights of St. John by flying the flags of the Member nation5 (and incidentally, known to the locals irreverently as •Self ridges'), and there are American squadrons using the airfields, so renowned 10 years ago as the most gallant of all British bases. Will Malta go American?

It is a political issue in ?.falta where, being a self-governing colony, with no control over foreign policy or defe~ce, they are at present having a general election. But it is also an issue which should concern the conscience of every one of us. Why? If the Ameriqans use Malta as an air base-and they have done so increasingly , since the war- they pay London for their use of Malta. The Maltese do not directly receive that money. Though voluntary members of the British Commonwealth, they are not consulted. The American Forces might, by slow degrees, occupy Malta just as other garrisons have done. American servicemen, with their somewhat extravagant standard of living, might confront the Maltese, with their sturdy, pious Catholic peasantry and townsfolk, with many of the problems now confronting the subjects of Franco in Spain. I do not ascribe any sinister motives to the Americans. It is indeed fortunate for us that they require, and are prepared to support, Mediterranean bases.

But what about our own responsibilities to the Maltese? The 'clearer days,' of which Roosevelt spoke, are not without anxiety to them. The island where soil is so precious is not self-supporting. There is a population of more than 300,000, increasing at the rate of 8,000 a year.

The Royal Naval Dockyards find employment for over 10,000 Maltese, many of them highly skilled people, but not so long ago these men were being laid off, and it might happen again. There is limited agriculture and there is a little

light industry, which British capital ought to support and promote, and has done to a lament­ably limited extent.

Britain has honoured her obligation in paying for the war damage, a restitution which the ~altese have carried out magnificently, skilfully and wisely. Does our obligation to a loyal and thrifty people, historically, politically and socially bound to us, but unable alone to solve a desperate problem of over-population, even with their yearning for emigration to Australia and Canada, stop at that?

We need Malta, and the Maltese need us. Maltese politics have a Mediterranean flavour. They are tumultuous and exciting. It is not without significance, however, that such a prominent advocate on the Right as Miss Mabel Strickland, and that such a protagonist on the Left as Mr. Dom Mintoff (leader of the Opposi­tion and possibly next week's Prime Minister) should both have mooted- though with different emphasis-the idea of Malta's complete integra­tion within the United Kingdom.

Between them lie Nationalist groups who speak and write not in Maltese or English but in Italian. There is a possibility, but no great likelihood, of the realisation of Mussolini's dream of Malta as an outpost of an Italian empire.

What is of more immediate concern to British

The uft-wi11g Dom Minto!! waHts clos1r f'elaJi<ms with Bri­tain-but suggests the U.S.A. pay dol-

laf's for the base.

The Richt-wing Mtss Mabel Strick­land, daughter of the fourth Prime Minis­ter, Lord Strickland, f>r<>f>oses Malla' s in­ugrati<ni ftlilllin the

U11ited Kincdom.

obligation is the pofitical talk of a direct appeal to the U.S.A. Mintoff says that America should acknowledge its use of Malta by welcoming Maltese emigration to the States and even the possibility of evacuation of a closely packed population from what may become a target area once more in an atomic age.

It would not be proper to canvass the rights and wrongs of this and other views now put forward by this ex-Rhodes scholar, married to an English wife.

I was swimming with him and some of his key men in the blue water of lovely Peter's Pool the day the Government fell. It was a minor Drake episode in that everyone went on playing water polo-and talking about policy. It is a progressive policy which seems-though I shocked them when I said so-no more socially ferocious than Lloyd-George Liberalism.

It is proper and safe to say, however, that there is no desire by the Maltese to see Valletta's Palace Square as an appendage to Washington or Valletta's stately baroque streets as an exten­sion of Fifth A venue. All honour to the Ameri­cans as a Mediterranean power. But is it not time that we regarded the problem of the Maltese people, six or seven flying hours away from London, as being as close to our own as those of the Isle of Wight, three or four hours rlistant from Westminster by train?

41

Picha-• PMI, 12 Duembn, 1953

42·

briple GrownPort

-welcome

before or after .

a meal!

18/-a bottle

916 half flask

OTHER POPUL AR GILBEY POR TS

P<r bott/, Special Resem 18/6 White Po11 - 18/6 Diploma - - 19/-0/d J. . - 21 /-

.4/so in half flasks

Robertson's Mince-meat's the sort Mother buys -

She says itS the secret f:i~ of Scrumptious ~ -. min~e1 pies/ ,- , _, ~

f ':i. ~ j ~ .-:. .. -:;;

\ ~ ~

~ : -r-~ -,,, :

er=•.-A delightf ulfull-bodied port produced by the people

who made p ort famous Robertson's r .

MINCEMEAT YOU'LL Sf GLAD YOU GOT Gl18EY'S

11 /

1 d never · go back fJ!?®!1iiiJ flU@@~J@10y

to old-fashioned cooking now! 11

Electric c_ookers have thermostat control on the oven, quick-heating boiling plates, and new, variable switches which give perfect heat-control from fast boiling to slow simmering- and lower, if you want it !

Go round and see one at your Electricity Service Centre. <:"M----~-:----::---c~ They are friendly, knowledgeable people there, and will

be glad to help you. They can also let you have details about easy payments, and the new, free book, full of clever ideas for saving work, ELECTRICITY IN YOUR KITCHEN: or you are welcome to write for a copy to .EDA, 2 Savoy Hill, London, W.C.2.

MICROPHONE PROPHET. Before a plywood cut--out, symbolising tyranny through the ages, the American evangelist, George Vandeman, asks a large audience, in a converted West End cinema: "Does the Bible fill the bill?" It is part of the Seventh-Day Adventists' tmslaught on Britain.

SEVENTH-DAY A·n ·VEN.TISTS

Photographed by BERT HARDY

Two weeks ago, Picture Post started to investigate present­day religious techniques. In this article, KENNETH ALLSOP

tells about a new revivalist drive in London.

T first glance, the interior of the new religious centre seemed to differ from a super-cinema only in the omission of

ashtrays from the tip-up seats. That, and the improbability of the lady wearing a cloche and an expression of ferocious piety being there to see Anna Magnani. The conversion of the New Gallery, Regent Street's home of Continental films, from cinema to tabernacle had got full Seventh-Day Adventist treatment. There was the Mighty Wurlitzer, crouched ready . to pounce.

There were the usherettes in neat white blouses with black bow ties. There was the hidden lighting filtering softly upon an atmosphere of chastely-luxurious comfiness.

Posters big and bright as a carnival had put London smack in the picture of the revivalist drive. "Grand new opening of the New Gallery," they announced. In four identical programmes George E. Vandeman (inset pic­ture) was going to explain WHY GOD WILL

NOT PERMIT WORLD DESTRUCTION BY THE HYDROGEN BOMB! Gay yellow leaflets had been issued, advertising FEATURES FOR EVERYONE: A Programme of Better Living, Mid-Day Organ Meditations, Attractive Musical Features. Smaller programmes, declaring that the opening night would be "a priceless revela­tion", urged the reader not to miss next Sunday's Dynamic :Message-how the Bible's predictions line up with THRILLING SCIEN­TIFIC DISCOVERIES IN ASTRONOMY AND ATOMIC SCIENCE, symbolised by a drawing of what could be either a giant telescope or a space-ship.

We arrived early at the New Gallery for the third house. But not as early as hundreds patiently queueing in the rain. We were escorted by a soberly pleasant, dark-suited young man to seats in the balcony Press Gallery. Steadily the auditorium filled, mostly with the middle-aged and elderly: youth, except for the very young along with their parents, did not figure largely.

--

GOSPEL-SPREADING, NEW WAY. In America, the Seventh-Day Adventists run mis­sions, hospitals, a TV programme and a cereal Jact<wy. Their income in 1952 was £20 miUi~.

We all sat meditatively facing the stage with its white leather armcha.t.r$, concert piano, heavy blue velvet curtains and rostrum with micro­phone.

Soft tremulous notes stole from the Wurlitzer; softly and decorously the choir- 22 white-robed women and 12 men in evening dress-arranged themselves upon the stage. A stocky man in dark lounge suit and horn-rimmed glasses (Robert Link, tenor, the programme identified) stepped on to the rostrum, smiled around and told us in a mellow American voice to sit back comfortably and enjoy ourselves. "May we in music tell you something about our philosophy? " he asked, gently. "We believe that in this day and age there's need for a power on high to lead us through life over some of the rough spots here on earth." Accompanied by the choir, he sang into the instrument, in a creamy, dreamy style reminiscent of Dick Haymes, a number called 'Keep Looking Up.'

Mr. Link then introduced us to the King's Continued on page 60

~ture POii, I 2 Dcumi>er, I 953

4

AT MANCHESTER•s RINGWAY AIRPORT, the mailbags which left London at 6 p.m. are loaded on to the plane which will land them in Ireland at midnight.

''NIGHT ' C AR_DIFF-1.15 p.m.; Bir-

Jn1Il8ham-4 p.m. ; Leeds--4.15 p.m.' At these and similar hours throughout Britain, exiles from Ireland can post their Christ­mas mail and be sure that it will reach the remotest croft in 'The Ould Country' the following morn­ing. On December 11 William Cave's cameras at Ringway Air­port, Manchester, will show how such speed and certainty is made possible by split-minute co-opera­tion between the Post Office, British European Airways, and Aer-Lingus.

'OK , FROM THE SKIPPER. Captain Preston, who flew a Mosquito during the war, sets out across the Irish Sea.

''VICE VERSA" " Q LD as I am and much

as you envy me," said Mr. Bultitude to his son, " I only wish at this moment that I could be a boy again like you." F. Anstey's Victorian fan­tasy about a father and son, whom magic permits to change places, is given its tint TV production for adults on Dec. 14. George Benson plays Mr. Bulti­tude, 13-year-old Anthony Valentine his son Dick .

GILBERT HARDING'

Re/14Jction.a on a Tl' Saturda11

W HY on earth can't the Radio Times tell us when we are to expect the next programme of

a series? When, for instance, am I going to have the pleasure of seeing another CounJry Calendar which was every bit as good as I thought it was going to be ? And are t hey really going to have another Sugar and Spice in Children's Hour? (Yes, they are-on December 19.-Ed.) I wonder if the Viewer Research Department would tell us (if they know, or care) how many children and of what age and type really enjoy this programme. I wouldn't call .it Sugar and Spic~. I would call it 'Slugs and Snails and Puppy Dogs' Tails.' This is not a programme for ordinary children; the Strolling Player would never have appealed to me, and I am sure (at least, I hope) that the •female' ven­triloquist was way above the heads of the alleged juvenile audience. I would also like to remind 'her' that Shroosbury is not pronounced like that at all. And by the time Cal McCord was giving a breezy, mid­Western" Hallo, youngsters," I doubt if there were any left to say "Hallo" back. Finally, in the Appleyards serial, why do people have to affect phoney Cockney accents if they are supposed to be playing the part of ordinary, m iddle-class people? This is the sort of programme which makes one long for Whirligig and Andy Pandy. Tut, tut, and tutagain,Mr.McGivern.

• • • Mr. Waldman might remember

that Dr. John.son on'ce said to some­one, who used the cliche " in my humble opinion," that no man had ever had such a thing in his life. No one has ever been less nervous than Mr. Waldman, and it was an unconscionable waste of our time to hear him saying how nervous be obviously wasn't.

Who allows or encourages John Slater to be so matey? We want to see him act, not to be taken into his confidence. But praise the Lord for Variety Parade, and wonderful Max Wall. I can't wait to see him again: and I hope the BBC can pay him enough, even if it means paying other people less (and that goes for me, too).

About •e

T ALKING about me, but not, I hope, too much, I am told that

NOTEBOOK

a film in which I lately appeared a commercial company (not ad tising, it just debunks the Board Trade and its regulations) was offe to the BBC and found acceptable the film boys-only to be rejected Mr. McGivem on the grounds that attacked authority. Well, why n And although I say it as shouldn't. is a much brighter and more amus film than much of the stuff which BBC is forced to use.

Pitt1 tM Poor Produc '11.TITH a genius for wanting th' YY to go · wrong, which amoun

almost to a death wish, some hig ranking BBC administrative offi (probably paid twice as much as t producer) arranges that quite oft the first camera rehearsal of a show staffed by a camera crew who will off-duty when the programme actually televised. Now, since t camera reheanal is obviously for t cameramen, what lunacy this is; bu the producer can do nothing about i no more than the producer of What My Line? can get what he wants i order to ensure the continued incip1 ent suc:cesS of this particular show

N ot#! to Aspirant&

So many young people write to m about the iron curtain which pre

vents their getting a try-out or look­in on television. It is a great pity and a great shame, but rehearsal time is limited and harassed producers are understandably inclined to continue to use people whose work they know and can trust rather than to make experiments with unknown and how­ever promising material. It is just 'one of those things.'

On and Otr tnfl Cuff GREAT hopes of Desmond Haw­

kins's West Regional programme Wild Geese, from the Severn Valley (on Dec;ember 11), and what a plea­sure it will be to see and bear Turner 4yton with the evergreen (thank goodness) Henry Hall (December 12). ... I cannot play snooker, and there should be great fun in the outside broadcast from ·the Leicester Square Hall on December 12. I always tear the cloth; Walter Donaldson and Alec Brown can be trusted not to do that. But they might-it might be as much fun for me, as it would be for ill-wishers to see me lose my temper in W hat's My Liner

You.never know.

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~ot to he• c-on fusNl with gin 1111<1 or11ngc­s<111a'lh . hut full-strc-111-<th /,!in made with pun.• on111ge•., and lc•rnon-.. Be•-.t take•n neat: hut add tonk wukr or a littl<· soda wat<'r it' prel'l'rrNI. Hottk' :12 ·; ! bottle Hi,Hd.; l l iniature a .>d.

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Five famous Gordon flavours, c·tl<'h onr mixc•<I by rxpcrts and n-.1dv to .,e·n·t'. En.,ures suc<'<.'l>s of any party. PICCAUILLY • (;l\1LCT ·ORY MARTINI MARTl'J • uo'x ..... Bottle :t 1/-; ! bottle 11/Jd.; .llifiiature :l/6d.

Cordons ~s~ /

~/

Pklw• Pott, 12 ~. 1953

TO HEil WITH LOVE -1hrtt f"'I!· n1111 lal1~·I• ol 00Ernl1•.rinl(" loik~ "')76

FOil THE GIRL YO U llEHEMBEll thm• he·,,uou~ talll••t .. crf ·· Eu·uin;: itt

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SENTIMENTAL THOUGHT ­" A,.beo of llo••• ·• perfuuw• 11111 2 laltl-1•

"' ...... 316

TO HIM FllOM HEA - 00 !1.M1rjoi-" .J>e,in;:...,.., a~I af1c:.....i..1~ ~•lion. S'·

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po .. d.,.., 12'1 I

w mplete Cift Selection f rom 313 to 12111

ENDEARING and EVENING IN PARIS

********************** * *

by * * * *

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45

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No e.-travaiance A bottle of sound red or white table wine -.enough for four people - can cost as little as 6{-. If you don't drink all of it. put the cork in and enJOY it again tomorrow or the next day. Even the last drops aren't wasted-they'll do a lot for your cooking. Sherey and port, of course, keep far longer-you can always offer your friends a glass.

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HOLLYWOOD LAID BARE

by ROBERT MULLER

"The Bi~ Knife•• photographed

byK.HUTTON

They've just arri"ved­

~ot~ from America!

They' re both gruesome!

They both condemn

Hollywood- a brilliant

play called ' The Big

Knife,' and a grotesque

film called 'I, the Jury'

A GIRL MUST DIE: THE FILM In 'I, the Jury,' Mickey Spillane's creation Mike Hammer makes short w<>rk of blondes who offend him. (But not befor_e they perform the strip-tease that brings in the customers.)

A GIRL MUST DIE: THE PLAY 'The Big Knife' of Cliff<>rd Odets' ptay is wielded by Hollywood's studio executives, and aimed at a girl who 'knows too mt~h'-starlet Dixie Evans (Diane Cilento). Dixie and the Big Knife "bring

about the dwlnfall of jUm star Charlie Caslk (Sam Wanamaker).

WHAT does Hollywood mean to you? Glamour? Sunshine and Romance? Success? Film Paradise?

Walle up, ladies and gentlemen, and see the Clifford Odets play The Big Knife, and the Mickey Spillane film I, the Jury; walk up, and think again. For here lies Hollywood exposed and condemned, tried and judged. In the play, the exposure is explicit. The film, without mentioning Hollywood, does the same job just as effectively.

I, the ] ury shows the film world whining in its own tailor-made strait-jacket- the straight­jacket of hysteria. Here we see the true, inevitable product of concentrated fear, in­security and corruption.

When Americans began to lose the cinema­going habit, preferring instead to watch tele­vision in the comfort of their own homes, Holly­wood's film makers had to think hard. To lesser minds than theirs the challenge meant simply Better Pictures, but for many film executives that answer was far too simple. They decided to employ the technique of the market-place instead. New competition was to be met, not with quality goods, but with fresh wrappings and hoarser shouts from the stall holders. They decided not to change and improve what was flashed onto the screen. They decided to scrap the screen itself. The screen became the scape­goat. They twisted it into a wide-screen, a giant-screen, the Frankfurter-shaped Cinerama-

cominud overleaf

47

e Post, 12 Dc«lflW, 1953

"THE Bl& KNIFE": A PLA YWRISHT CONDEMNS

HOLLYWOOD

Marion CasUe (Renee Asherson) sees her life smashed by H ollywood. Studio yes-man (George Coulouris) and sti4dio writer (Stuart

N icJwl) stand by helplessly .

MILLION-DOLLAR VILLAIN Miircu.s Hoff (Frederick Valk) rttns the studio that keeps Charlie CasUe imp risoned in a fourteen-year contract. M arcu.s threatens to ' break ' peop le who don 't obey. He does so.

I N T HE PLAY: RELAXATION FOR A FILM STAR Charlie Gas~ loves his wife, but dallies with his best friend's wife (Jacqueline Kott). ' The Big Knife' condemns Hollywood morals. Sam Wanamaker and his ~ast lend it a terrifying reality.

screen, and the Salami-shaped Cinemascope screen.

People gaped at the fantastic new shapes, took note of what was projected onto them, and returned with relief to their modest home screens. To the naive, the answer would still have been Better Pictures, but the boys in the front offices new better. The only thing that could sell now, many of them argued, was not quality but Sensation; the reliable standby of past crises : Good Old Sex, Good Old Violence, Good Old Sadism. On land, on sea, and in the air. On New York's East Side and in ancient Rome. On ice and on horseback. On the big­gest, widest screen ever! And if Spectacle with Spectacles didn't work, then it would have to be Spectacle without Spectacles. And everything as near the knuckle as the Breen Morality Code

. would allow. (And the Breen Morality Code, realising perhaps that without movies there

· would be no Breen Morality Code, has since ' become remarkably accommodating.)

I, the ] ury, made in 3D and released in 2D, is the logical consequence of the high-powered Hollywood mentality. The film is firmly based on the dismal writings of Mickey Spillane, whose joyful massacres and descriptions of secondary feminine characteristics, allegedly makes women

swoon and men drool, for more. Enjoying a readership of 20,000,000, Mr. Spillane makes £20,000 per book, and in his spare time luxuri­ates in the graceful state of a Jehovah's witness.

His hero, a loutish detective called Mike Hammer, is so tough that he doesn' t merely find his murderers ; he likes to kill them himself. Especially when they are women. And all Spillane women are cuties with an unvarying predilection for the domestic strip-tease. A special feature of the Hammer toughness is that he never makes love to the beau ties who ache for his embrace. An upstanding American, he pets and runs.

Does Crime Pay?

The film, I, the Jury, gives hints to the hungry on murder, prostitution, physical violence, tor­ture, perversion and nymphomania. This delect­able mixture is thrown on celluloid as it was originally thrown on paper- without apparent effort or talent. And Crime Pays, for hero Mike Hammer, devoid of even the dregs of moral fibre, gets away with every felony in the book, including premeditated murder. The subject matter recalls Raymond Chandler, but where

IN THE FILM: RELAXATION FOR A SCREEN DETECTIVE Super-sleuth Mike Hammer loves his job but dallies with the girl (Peggie Castle) he kills a few

reels lakr. 'I, the Jury' is a true product of tht Hollywood indicted in' The Big Kttife.'

Chandler writes about a moral demi-monde, Spillane seems to be writing for it. In the · words of an American critic, Spillane's books are, "daydreams for the frustrated and the

1 sick." By filming this swill, its producers have finaUy come into the open as to· the kind of audiences they are addressing. It remains to be seen whether in this country their reasoning will be rewarded by success. Fortunately, the bla_tancy of /, the jury is a blind alley, from which sooner or later its makers must retreat. They may even think of a new way out: Better Pictures. On horseback and on ice.

Clifford Odets's play, The Big Knife, which a mild, shrewd Northern impresario, Ralph Birch, and American actor-producer Sam Wana­maker, are touring in England (it is playing in Nottingham this week) and eventually bringing to London. deals with the Hollvwood that pro-duces films like I, the Jmy. •

A terrible attack on power-drunk film­emperors, it parades a rogue's gallery from Hollywood's seamier side ... the once-idealistic film star Charlie Castle, stewing in corruption and imprisoned by a 14-year contract; his decent wife, whose domestic life is smashed by it; the pompous, maudlin studio executive who does not stop at murder to get his way; the vicious,

blackmailing, female columnist; the contract starlet, "cheaper than a call-girl," who is used to "entertain" visitors; the insecure, suffering publicist, and his Justing, faithless wife ; the disgusted, disillusioned writer- all types which find their reflections in the films Hollywood creates.

Lured to Hollywood

Odets, lured to Hollywood from the New York theatre, in which he had risen to become a svmbol of the Roosevelt era, knew what he was writin~ about. He wrote about himself, telling "with tears in his eyes what men do to other men.'' It was John Garfield who created the part of Charlie Castle on Broadway, Garfield who shared with Castle a young man's idealism and the wounds Hollywood inflicts on talent. In the play, Castle slashes his wrists when all roads out Of the jungle are barred; Garfield, when Hollywood had finished with him, died of a heart attack-an old man of 39.

The emotional climate of I, the jury is the emotional climate of The Big Knife: a soulless place where all men are enemies, and every hangman is a hangman's slave.

PU-u1r1 Post, 12 Dumo~. 1 '153

" I, THE JURY": HOLLYWOOD CONDEMNS

ITSELF

Mik~ Hammer (Biff EUioi) can take it. lie can also hand it out. Brutal, ruthless, primitive, hysterical ... That is Hollywood's

idea of an attractive hero.

Mickey Spillane, author of 'l, the }ttry' · sh-Ows his cast h-Ow it is done. Women 1tUlY be made for love, but it's more fun to beat them

up. The JUm carries an 'X • certificate.

..• OF TOUGHNESS One of the JUm's milder scenes. Producer is Englishman Victor Saville, wh-0 once made that benign picture 'Good-bye, Mr. Chips:

But that was two wars ago.

i11re Poll, ll V•ambcr, 1953

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CHILDREN'S BOOKS OF TODAY AND YESTERDAY Continued from page 3 I

about them, she turned this world to reality by buying a farm in the Lakes. Then she used this real place, and the real pigs, hens, ducks, squirrels and foxes of the farmyard and the fell. Tabitha Twitchit was her own cat; and the house where Samuel Whiskers makes Tom Kit­ten into a roly-poly pudding is 'Miss Potter's own house at Sawrey which you can go and visit, for it now belongs to the National Trust. It has become a little place of pil­grimage.

Two hundred years ago there was no such thing as a famous children's author. For nobody took children's books seriously in this country till half-way through the eighteenth century, when John

LOOKING FOR THE GOLDEN BlRD. On~ of Ge<wge Cruikshank's sllu­stral1<m.s to Grtmm's Fairy Taks (1826).

Newbery, London printer, pub­lished a series planned not only to improve children-which elders had always been keen on-but to delight them. Certainly, at the tum of that century, there was a growing interest in what we should call "child-psychology"-the special needs and problems of children, the best ways of training their faculties, the most effective methods of enlisting their interest in history and geography, animals or planets. Many of the books produced by the early pioneers look wonderfully home-made to us today. They might be illustrated by smudgy woodcuts from the printer's stock, which had already done service in half a dozen other books on quite different subjects. Or they might be coloured by hand -the hands, probably, of a squad of little boys and girls who, as the copies of the book circulated, would each dab on his particular colour at the appointed place in the picture (red on the soldier's uniform, blue on the girl's sash).

Rut soon the nineteenth-century interest in The Child, and the increasing technical resources of nineteenth-century printers, pro­duced a fine crop of handsome children's books. The best illus-

ALICE AND THE WHITE RABBIT. To n1a11y, Carrol's A lice books are tmtl1ink· abld without Tennul's engravings (1865).

trators were ready to· work in this field. Cruikshank, who illustrated Dickens and Smollett, also en­graved the most delightful pictures for an English translation of Grimm's Fairy Tales in 1826. Millais, illustrator of Trollope's "Barchester" novels, drew the pic­tures for a book of children's songs. Edward Lear had exquisitely illus­trated the sumptuous and serious Gleanings from the Menagerie and Aviary at Knowesky Hall before he turned to illustrating his own nonsense rhymes and stories.

Our age has no reason to feel small compared with its predeces­sors as far as our best children's books are concerned. Ardizzone has hit off the charm and absurdity of childhood as well as any Vic­torian illustrator. With her mar­malade cat, Orlando, and his brood, Kathleen Hale has launched a whole new tribe into the nursery as successfully as Beatrix Potter ever did. Yet I fancy that these excellent books are competing for

TWO OLD OWLS A.~D SEVEN YOUNG OWLS. Edward uar·s draw­ing for one of his Nonsense Stories (1871).

the child's attention in more loud and vulgar company than their

· predecessors had to face-com­peting not just with the greater flood of bad picture-books, but with more strident posters, larger sky signs, more blatant shop dis­plays, third-rate films. Buying a picture-book for a child this Christ­mas can give us the chance of making a choice /M imagination, fun and gaiety, andagai11st vulgarity, pertness and mock-sophisticatiqn. In the name of Alice, Peter Rabbit and Orlando, let's try to choose right!

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS. 1'ht 1llustra· tions on pages :JZ and 33 are re9rinUd by courtesy of Oxford Univerfity l>re.ss, TIN ANO CHARLOTT&; Nicholson & Watson, TllS FOOTBALL'S REVOLT; Frederick Warne, J&· NIMA PUDOLSOUCX; Mdl11un, BABAR AND FATHER CHRISTMAS, and john t.furray, ORLANDO'S HOM& Lll'l:.

Picture Post, 12 Vtum/Nr, 1953

\

Only Pears lets you see how pure it is!

Hold a. tablet of Pears Soap up to the light. Yes, you can see right through it. That's how pure Pea.rs is. So pure it's perfect for YO\lll8' and old alike.

- and lets your skin f!l how good it is

COUNTY

This Pea.rs Casket is going to end a lot of searches for an inexpensive gift.

Four ta.blete of Pears Soap beautifully "presented" for Christmas. Ask your chemist or your grocer to show you.

Er~rislmas , , ts co-mtn_g ... and you ore doubtless making preparations. Moy we remind you of the crowning touch­NEEDLER'S COUNTY CHOCOLATES In the rich 1-lb. and i·lb. Carnation Boxes; also In dellgtltful Seasonable Boxes.

CHOCOLATES

•

51

ruri Post, U Deumbtr, 1953

ARE YOU STOCKING-UP FOR XMAS? REMEMBER EVERYBODY LOVES

maltesers \Im-mm~ ~lunchy, honeycomb crunch~. milk-chocolate co,·ered :\laltesers -

how Lhey add to the fun and festivities

at Christmas! There's so much mort to munch in :\laltesers! You can hand the

hi~ 1 6d box round O\·er and over again

- and the more the merrier because Lhcv're so mouth-watering!

ANOTHER S WE ET T REAT BY MARS

In Next Week's

, [Eli The third article in the powerful series

THE BEST, AND THE WORST, OF BRITAIN

OURS IS A LAND OF DECENT HONEST FOLK

But

WE CANNOT BE BOTHERED WITH GOD ~~~~~--------... AND----------~~~~~

HOW MUCH PEACE ON EARTH?

• This is the season of goodwill and peace. But, all over the world, man

struggles with man. Picture Post takes readers on a tour of the world's

trouble spots, centres of cold- and hot- war: the Canal Zone, Malaya,

Korea, Israel-Jordan frontier, Kenya, lndo-China, Trieste, British Guiana.

FATHER CHRISTMAS" Denzil Batchelor spent a day as Father Christmas in a

big London department store. He learnt something of

the secrets in the hearts of children, met the real Father

Christmas, and ran into trouble from a midget.

A MODERN CINDERELLA Twenty-t:wo-year-old factory girl Margaret Neilson, from

South Shields, won a factory magazine competition.

Picture Post covered her trip to London. Masters

of make-up glamourised her, she saw the bright lights,

visited the bright spots and met her Prince Charming.

THERE WILL BE OTHER FASCINATING

FEATURES IN NEXT WEEK'S ISSUE

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There is something about Christmas and having a case of wine-and when it is a case from Harvey's of Bristol, the pleasure is raised to delight. Choose from these four examples with com­plete confidence that your reputation for discriminating taste will be en­hanced. The charge includes carriage and packing and any case from our special Christmas list will be delivered to any address in Great Britain- but please may we receive your order by December 14 to ensure delivery by Chnstmas.

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53

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SCHWEITZER Continued from page 17

the hands of bigots: no ffilSSlOnary society anywhere would conceivably have accepted so unorthodox a theo­logian as a preaching missionary, even if he had wanted that. But if a doctor, why Africa? Because there the need was greatest: in Europe there were other doctors; in Africa he could serve people who would otherwise die helplessly in the1r diseases and the agony of their cur­able hernias and the like. Moreover, it was the plain duty of prosperous and enlightened Europe (he felt) to try to begin to atone to the exploited peoples on whom European pros­perity was so largely built: Europe was Dives, Africa the Lazarus at Europe's gate.

So he rCSlgned the principalship of his college to re-enter it as a student -of medicine. It took him eight years to qualify as a doctor, with the extra qualifications in tropical medi­cine, dentistry and obstetrics he needed as a lone band: eight years of grinding study, eight years of the nagging of bis friends, who (with the best will in the world) did all they could to dissuade him. Such prizes were in the reach of a man of bis ability I Why not grasp them? ("But has the tallest boy really the right to pick all the apples?") Such exceptional powers! Why waste them on a job any common sawbones could do? They quoted, of course, the parable of the talents: what right bad he to bury his talent in an African garden? To throw away the influence for good which his European reputation gave him?

The Crux

That, of course, is the crux: would Schweitzer's induence on Europe have been greater if he had remained in Europe, or less? As for the personal as?ect of the problem as it affects you and me, Schweitzer was quite clear: in the first place, there are not many born with the ethical stamma, as it were, to ' drink of His cup,' and of every hundred who are, ninety-nine have •ties' which clearly show their path of duty to lie at home. Moreover, not many have Schweitzer's natural gifts. so that by an occasional concert tour, or lecturing or pubbsh­ing books, they can found and virtually support a hospital out of their own casual earnings. Schweitzer counts himself lucky that "for him the choice was so free. But the question remains: was Schweitzer's choice the right one?

Civilisation is collapsing, Schweitzer argued 50 years ago. because material progress has outstripped ethical pro­gress. Today even the most cynical would agree: he may feel no urge to be good himself, but unless at least many other people are at least moderately good, even material civilisation must collapse. Today there is not enough goodness-thought out individually by each man for himself-to support it: so it is collapsing. What better and more effective service, then, could Schweitz.er render to civilisation and peace than by crowning his preaching of goodness with an infectious exam pie of goodness? And how. then, could the judges better bestow the Peace Prize for 1953?

BRAZIL NUT IN MAPLE FONDANT

CLRRNICO

NEAPOLITAN MARZIPAN

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12 Dtctmbw, 1953 Picturt Post,

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tOMIN ICI "Jontinued

He went back, more than 100 times, roppmg m for apparently aimless hats which disgruntled the family­U except old Gaston. He even took > addressing Sebeille paternally as rnon petit." "Come as often as you ke, my lad," he would say, "we must ear the family honour." On one of these visits 5ebeille,

Tolling in unannounced, surprised shrill quarrel between Gustave's

ife, Yvette, and a cousin, the last iatch of which was an overwrought y from Yvette, "I can't stand it iy longer. The good shouldn't have •pay for the bad." It wasn't much •go on, but it was the first chink in te wall-the rock-like wall of a :asant family sticking together. Another thing 5ebeille brought to :ht, digging back into the past, was at old Dominici had been in trouble r what the French discreetly call raires de moeurs-more bluntly, sex lences ; also, quite recently, despite

~age, one of his daughters-in-law

complained of his "offensive iliarities." That was the real

each m the wall. It gave 5ebeille , first human motive--the bestial ;itincts of an aged satyr. (Dominici's nfession revealed that the fatal arrel began when Sir Jack caught :n playing Peeping Tom from hind a bush, watching Lady ·ummond undress in the family ltion wagon.) Sure of himself at last, 5ebeille for ce acted on impulse. He arrested 1stave and interrogated him for ty-eight hours- this time with no ephone calls to interrupt him. In ~end, he blurted out, "Yes, it was r father." The elder son, Clovis, minor figure in the drama, con­ned his brother's denunciation.

1owdown with Dominici

3ebeille-true to the Maigret touch :ought shy of the sickening clima..x confronting father and sons. He ested old Gaston for interrogation, 'l not until after twenty-five hours questioning did Dominici realise 1t his sons must have talked. Then defiantly shouted, "They pulled

3 on me to get me out of the way l lay hands on the inheritance." en then he refused to confess . ..ater the same night, SCbeille, who l left most of the interrogation to 10rdinates, slipped back alone for how-down with Gaston. No one ~ws yet just how the battle be­:en these two stubborn men was g-ed. but it ended by Dominici .itulating, "All right, I did it. You , mon petit." nder French law, Dominici now

omes the inculpe-more than the used- and is openly referred to as ~ assassin ' in the press. lis confession may not be the last prise. Gustave is reported to have nitted complicity in removing ::es and rearranging the scene of crime. How much the Dominici

,-wife, children, in-laws and hdchildren-knew or guessed, is

conjecture. The tension inside lonely farm must have strained

riarchal loyalty to the limits. t is why SCbeille, who guessed at force of the undercurrents beneath surface of family unity which Dominicis presented to the out­

' world, went back and back to Grande Terre.

•

P1ttuu Post, 12 D~umbn. 1953

A re men more intelligent ? After we'd finished looking-in on the discussion the argument real!y started. Gerald said men were obviously superior. They could tackle anything-tZJen cooking. Julia looked wicked and remarked that as a cook Gerald made a very good golfer ! Then, just as I was saying that. Nigel didn't even know what a kitchen looked like, in the dear marches. Complete with hot cups of chocolate for all. Delicious ! Had to admit men were rather clever . . ..

Drinking Chocolate that's really chocolatey ; that's Cadbury's. It's perfectly simple to make. Just add thrtt teaspoonfuls to each cup of hot milk ; stir ; n's ready ! t /S a half-pound tin

CADBURY'S

What a throat!

QUICK, SOOTHE IT WITH A ZUBE! At the first sign of a thro;u that"~

hoarse, raw or ju\t plain tickly go suck a Zube Zube, arc best !or 1hroat and chest.

In t i ns e : d . and l/4d. Loose S!d. an ounce.

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'est"ul uealth ".i~amins ~re an. unfortunate lac~ in £1 11 n1 c1v1hscdd1et. Rtchsourocofmakmg

up this lack is yeast (but not any yeast). Cleverly compounded in Chloro-Ycast, is the type that gives you Vitamin 8 1 and Bf, Riboflavin, Calcium d-Pantothen­ateand Niacin- key helps to health, zest, energy and "balance."

One do. or Chloro-Y ... t oro- # Yidee benellte otberwt.M r.vallabl• only ID several 4Jlferent typea of t&blet ••. cre&te.. new enerry; relieves 111&11y minor upeeta: llfta depreulon, •l1l111l'lshnou: heto­clear oompleXJon; purtne8 the ll'ltem. Tr7 It today. Cbloro­Yeut QOete onl:v 11u, 319 and 913

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57

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WHICH WAY WILL JEANMAIRE CHOOSE?

, Photographed by GJON MILi and T. CASTLE

A FITTING FOR A DIOR DRESS. At the Marquis de Ciievas'. spectacular Biarritz party

this year, J eanmaire appeared on a camel.

X 29 Renee Jeanmaire already ranks among the great dancers of the world, both in tech­nique and personality. But she has reached

a stage where she must make up her mind what she wants to achieve. Is she going to settle down to years of sheer ballet and nothing else ? Or is she going to spread her talents over every branch of entertainment that strikes her fancy? If she chooses the former, dis­ciplined, way she may one day be the equal of Fonteyn. But at present she looks like going the way that leads to the widest public. You probably saw her with Danny Kaye in Hans Christian Andersen, and now Broadway is to see her in a new musical called The Girl in Pink Tights. In it she sings for the first time.

Jeanmaire's greatest ballet part. first seen here in

IN HANS CHRISTIAN ANDERSEN jean­maire danced with Erik Bruhn. She won her part when Moira Shearer withdrew to have her baby.

1949, was in Roland Petit's Carmen with the Ballets de Paris. Her fiery temperament suited Carmen per­fectly. Later her temperament led her to break with Petit, and she is now unattached to any company; and, in spite of her success in Hans Christian Andersen, her film contract with Howard Hughes has ended. Yet the 'firecracker in tights• is as full of sparkle as she is of fire. Her nickname, Zizi, reflects this-it is the expression that is constantly on her lips when she is pleased.

Arnold Haskell, the eminent ballet critic, says of Jeanmaire that she is "magnificent, unique. She combines perfect technique and extreme hard work with brilliant individuality." It is up to her to decide how she is going to use her remarkable qualities.

aY AHOIHTMlNf

M.AlttlS Of" SHOI POllSH

TO TMI lATI IUNG

010-Gt VI

is

Pietur• Post, 12 IXU7ttbcr, 1953

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1SO 9ranc!Ms throvctiout En11and A Walu

SEVENTH-DAY ADVENTISTS-contd. Heralds, " four young men who have dedicated their life to their King, Jes us Christ," and made it known that we could hear them every Tuesday at 4 p.m. over Radio Luxemburg. The vocal quartet huddled round the microphone and delivered a hymn in close harmony. "Come on now, all together," Mr. Link called to the congregation. "Let's all stand now. We can all sing better when we're standing. And everyone smile I "

0 The Shot in the. Arm'' Singing and smiling ended. We

all got comfortable in our seats as George E. Vandeman, stooped and pale-faced, stepped into the converg­ence of six spot-lights upon the rostrum. At this, the Sunday's third meeting, he looked strained and tired, bis eyes ringed. But he got right off with a flourish of the Bible and· an anecdote about a millionaire playboy he'd met in Hawaii who was sated with whoopee and in quest of bis own soul. "What's the shot in the arm· this old world needs?" Mr. Vandeman asked. "Does the Bible fill the bill?" He went on to tell us in simple terms about atomic fission, touched upon Communism, and reminded us that "'1:l million men stand ready to bear arms at the command of the Kremlin," and con­tinued," Atomic or hydrogen bombs? Yes, some have fallen. Others may fall. Chaos? Confusion? Destruc­tion? Yes, God says the picture will worsen before it grows better." Rhapsodically, Mr. Vandeman put the question: "A dark picture ahead? No, friends, a glorious dawn I"

I wasn't able to assess whether or not the audience were reassured by Mr. Vandemao's offer of proof, by Bible quotation, and by slotting together a huge plywood cut-out image representing history's military conquests, that God is allowing the bomb-makers "to go only so far." I had been joined by Mr. George D. King, an affable avuncular man whose card is inscribed: Public Relations Secretary, General Con­ference of Seventh-Day Adventists, Northern European Division-" I cover quite a territory- Arctic Circle to Africa." With rapid strokes Mr. King had been sketching in the background: there are about one million Adventists in the world; each gives one-tenth of his income, which together with such bequests as a recent eight million dollar timber factory, produces an annual income on the scale of last year's £20 million. There are 108 churches in Britain, and it is intended to establish centres like the New Gallery in all major cities. They run charity services, missions, hospitals, a breakfast-cereal factory and a publishing house. Their "Faith For Today" is the oldest church-sponsored TV pro­gramme in Amer,ica, beamed from 22 stations.

"Are you ready for the last mighty act in the drama? " Mr. Vandeman was demanding. The collection boxes circulated. The choir rounded off the programme. We went out into thicker rain, in which a new queue stood waiting stoically for t he last performance.

A c:rowning ~ j af!hievement. .. ,JI·~?

'~-- NT ....:-..o~ I

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1<tuu l'o<t, 12 Du""""', 1953

THIS YEAR'S t GIFT PARADE

Tbe loveliest or presents ror ~r - chis deep-brushing A6clis Beauty Brush in it~ MW preselltatlon psdc. Price llf6d. The Junior moclel ln a plastic paclt costs 8(- . A6clls Beauty Comb l /lOd. All la IBOOllltone-blllt, :drco•~- and piak t<>p&.

Every woma.o needs a 3/34 Adella Hand1 band­l>q: bnalll. Bat the tllm, tradltlooal Patrldaa Is for Verf lmportut People oaly. Ftoest natural bNde 33f6d, extTa .,nagy FlexCroa 14(341. All la Addis )ewtl coloun.

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1bt Addis Beauty band-mirror is llpt, el~nt and wtU proportioned. (And it makes a llf"1'ert match (Of" the " Beauty" aod "Patrician" bn1511es, too. ) Jn moomtone-bM, xlrcoo­&rftD and pink topaz, 18/ ltd.

For mea. 'l1lt Ad41s ''Brainwave" brush, ebony or tortolsttbell colour, with 119 home ror a comb, 12(- c:om:plete. A pair of "Stnice" MWtary brulba, dear or ambtr, 20/-. The A4llls" Featbtrwellbt" at S/34.

Tht younger generation- aged 2 to 7- will love the Addis 227 bnJsb of medium nylon bl Its Noah's Ark box. Price 3{94. For the very tiny OlleS tbett's the 4/34 Addis Baby Hairbrush In llaby pink or blue. Comb to match, 6d.

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PSHAW AND SUPERPSHAW! Can it be the spirit of the late

;eorge Bernard Shaw that is pulling :he ceiling paper off Frances D<Ly's lat?

-subtitle, Psychic News.

AND THAT SAYS ••• ? -In most places it will clear dunng :he mommg and become sunny and nild. It will remain rather cold. Official forecast foot of Col. 6.)

-Daily Telegraph.

THEY COME LATER In the meantime, a welcome change

1as been developing. Motor cars can

)Ow be bought as they should be-off :he peg-without any strings or irk­;ome conditions attached .... -Mr. Cuthbert's Weekly Garden Talk,

The Times.

SITTING PRETTY Apply the powder fairly thickly.

)ressing it on to your base and Lttendi11g to the nose last.

- Woman's Own.

SECRETS NOW OUT Since 1929 breas~ have been in

md out of fashion, but when the ~ew Look arrived after the war they ;:iecame a must for the girl who was ~oing around.

- People.

:;LADLY-CURIOUSLY ENOUGH If you are thinking of buymg a

1ouse we have a booklet which can be )f great use to you. Curiously ~nough it's called • BuyiQg a House.' We 'Will gladly send you one.

-insurance advt.

ON DELIVERY Please check address. If wrong

:i.dvi$e writer. -Post Offiu frank on letter.

Pleote l'Gste contributions (includint 11ara1raphs before and af~r items sub­mitted) on postcards and address them to Homa Saj>ie111. Those used ore llaid fOI'. The Editor ref rets that he cannot acknaw­ledie all others, but thanks all readers. (Contr/but/Olll in enveloPfs are read Ion..)

The Family Present t\. YEAR'S subscription to Picture Post is the ideal Christmas present. I t coats only 26s. to send to addresses in the U.K.: 508. if sent abroad : and 7 dol­lars if ordered from the UnJted States or Canada. Send a cheque or postal :>rder (not cash). payable to Hulton Press, Ltd .• and crossed /a. Co./. If you're sending an international mont:y :>rder, please include the number. Please send your name and address as well as that of the J>«son to whom you are giving Picture Post. We will c;cnd a greetings card to your friends telling them about 1t.~Write now if the gift is to go outside the British Isles, to Sub­ocriptiori Dranch (C.G.4), Hulton Press, Ltd., 43-14 Slloe T~1nl", London, E.C.4.

LEAD ERG RAM No. 449 A Weak and slurred comment at dawn-. r B So!"e have to pay it back before the-+

5

fin~ ~ I

C Latin and you and I make a case of I.,... 5'4

D Hold

E Always missing from life

.... 4

hares in early-+ , I

$7

L, i• r _&4~$

I .74 27

IK ·" -t

ISO .5Z

I ~46 116 r-

f In a gush of feeling

'' G Transport on land or water, which--+ ever way you like SS ,_ 1n _ e2.

H Just a suggestion of fluid on the fish-+ 32

I Robber dress in the orchestra! -+ 40

!5

'1 fireman's jacketl -+

K "The moon rains out her beams, and-+ ~ heaven is--" (Shelley) 1s

L He restored the wall of Jerusalem -+ . so

_ 9Z~

61 +OS

99 ,138

53 .Il

107 125

ze_µ MA game of o ranges and lemons I -+

N ~hakespearean pig-sty that was, and-+ jl_ rs, free 18

i·" ~~ r _ J_S

11• 135 oz

lls

120 30 1$5 12. I I

58 §!!__ 20 118

~ 6 ~ 73

65 83 17

57 ~ 122 45 I08

88 136 18 7'J 2.

ti IZ9 71

117 17.:

l I I

.

21

.. jn_,42. ,, "Nor is -- seen

0 In Memphian grove, or green" (Milton)-+ 10

P We've gone the wrong way about-+ getting the fruit outside 89

Q You've got to have faith here -+ 110

R The colour of your money, col--+ loquially 80

S Excitement when little fish set about .... Henri's broken nose 138 It has o lot of strength, but alwoys-+ ~

T gets in the way 31

U Handle ....

70 .... 5 101

7 ,, I ~3 ~oe

·'° 4£ ,Ill 4 94

,109 38

113 102.

y _ 1~

79 142 r 139 19

I J!! 11!.1:.

tS7

91

,._ 1Loo l11s y You could do with this just now -+ 5

W In this situation, the answer is .•. _,,__

_[(s 55

~

be a farm-servant ___.. s

X Measure a girl. For the Hispano--+ Franco fashion/ &o

11& 106

2. 48

Y Not ot all .a ~ood wheeze for~ a-+ I maths compltcatron 49

Z The woman's left the mountain and-+ t - r· r there's peace 13~

99

110

EXPLANATION

123 ZS

75

14 1'40

11s

29

ls1

23

112

37

--

H 77 K

I 86 F 87 S!

WRITE the answers to the clues in the panel next to them (not in the puzzle itself). Then write the individual letters of ea.ch

word, according to their numbers, in tbe puzzle itself. Reading downwards, the initial letters of the words in the com­

pleted panel make up the name of an author and the title of one of his (or her) works. And the completed puzzle diagram-reading from left to right- will give you a quotation from the same work, the words being separated by black squares.

;

.

ANSWER TO PUZZLE NUMBER..,_

SEWELL STOKES RARELY PURE

Quotalfon : " Her figure was designed to carry tweeds, not silks. On a wind­swept moor she could possibly have held her own .. in a drawing-room she was nowhere, except sad I you t of place."

--

~

Pictut-r l'MI, 1.2 J)f'uttab~r, 1953

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CONDITIONS OF SALF. AND SUPPLY. Thi• renod1cal ••_sold subject tu the_followina conditiorui, narndr• that it ahall not, without the written consent of tl1e fubhshers -or otherwise diapo41ed of by way of Trade eJ<Ct'Pt •t 1h• full n·t"11 pnce of 4d. (or l '- ovcn;eas); and that ir •hal not be lent, ro-aoJJ, hired out or otherwise disposed o in a m ·

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' . ft/ •t tlN G.P.O. 111 8 .,. ___ .. _ 1953 Rci-l2 .-, l'ichu«. Poll, N_,,.,.,

· fve'¥body knows Chrisftnas Pud<Jing is always better Wtfh

BIRDS Custarcj