PICATRIX

LiberAtratus

BooksIII&IV

translatedby

JohnMichaelGreerChristopherWarnock

RenaissanceAstrologywww.renaissanceastrology.com

Picatrix:LiberAtratusEditionBooksIII&IV

copyright2012JohnMichaelGreer&ChristopherWarnock

RenaissanceAstrology

www.renaissanceastrology.com

ContentsNoteonKindleVersionsofPicatrixTranslators'Introduction

ThePicatrixinContextThePicatrixandtheNecronomiconPicatrixinPracticeANoteontheTextWarningandDisclaimer

PICATRIXBookThree

ChapterOneThepartsoftheplanetsthatexistinplants,animalsandmetalsChapter Two Of the parts of the signs in the aforesaid threeexistences,thatis,plants,animals,andmineralsChapter ThreeOf the figures, colors, garments, and incenses oftheplanets,aswellasthecolorsofthefacesofthesigns.Chapter Four Why the secrets of this science may not beunderstoodexceptalittleatatimeChapter Five In which is demonstrated the virtue proper toanimalsandnoteworthythingsnecessaryinthisscience,andhowthe spirits of the planets are attracted by figures andsuffumigationsChapter Six The magistery of drawing planetary spirits withnatural things,andwhatamagicalimageisandhowitcanhavethispowerChapterSevenAttracting thevirtuesof theplanets,andhowwemayspeakwiththem,andhowtheirinfluencesaredividedamongplanets, figures, sacrifices, prayers, suffumigations, andpropositions;andthestateoftheheavensnecessarytoeachplanetChapterEightThewayofprayerwithwhichtheNabateansusedtopraytotheSunandSaturn,andhowtheywouldspeaktothemandtheirspiritsanddrawforththeirinfluences

ChapterNineHow to attract the powers of each planet and thepowersoftheirspirits,namingthemaccordingtotheirparts,andhowtoaccomplishthisbyspeakingtheirnamesChapter Ten A demonstration of the confections of planetaryspirits,andpreventingdangersfromceremoniesandeffects,andof the wonders of magic, and of the food, suffumigations,unguents,andodorsthatonewhoinvokesplanetaryspiritsoughttouse;andthepropereffects,andworksthatarenotdoneexceptinappearanceChapterElevenTheeffectsofmagical images indiverse things,aswellasinalterationsofsight,sothatthingsareseenotherthanas they are; and causing sleep andwaking, andmaking poisonsandtheirremediesChapterTwelveRulesNecessaryinthisScience

BookFourChapterOneBywhatvirtueand forcespiritproceeds,andwhatare thepropertiesof spirits, bodies, sense, intellect, and soul, aswellasthedifferencesbetweenthemChapter Two What vigor the spirit of the Moon brings to thisinferiorworld,andwhatoughttobedonewitheachofthesevenplanetsChapterThreeWhattheChaldeansheldtobetheprofunditiesandsecretsofthisscience,andwhattheysaidaboutitChapterFourTheimagesandreasoningsthatgreatlyfurtherthisscienceChapterFiveThe ten sciences thatarenecessary to thisart, andhowthisscienceishelpedbythem,andwhatisthefoundationofthescienceofmagicChapter Six How the suffumigations of the stars ought to bemade,andcertaincompositionsnecessarytothisscienceChapter Seven The things of themagical art found in the bookThe Chaldean Agriculture which Abudaer Abemiaxie translatedfromtheChaldeanlanguageintoArabicDescription of Another Operation Which Kills by the Sound

WhenItIsHeardfromIbnWashiyya'sBookofPoisonsChapterEightThevirtuesofother thingswhichNaturedoesbyherownpropertiesChapter Nine Imageswhose virtues performmarvels, that werefoundinabookthatwasdiscoveredinthechurchofCoredibandthe book ofQueen Folopedre; and a description of all the rulesnecessaryinworkingwithmagicalimages

GlossaryBibliographyFootnotes

NoteonKindleVersionsofPicatrix

TheKindleVersionof theCompletePicatrixLiberAtratushasbeenreleasedintwovolumes:BooksI&IIofPicatrixandBooksIII&IVofPicatrix. Together these two volumes contain all four books of theComplete Picatrix. The release in two volumes was necessitated byAmazon'spricingstructure.Hadwereleasedasinglevolumewithallfourbooks it would have cost asmuch as the paperback version despite notneeding printing or shipping! By releasing Picatrix as two volumes wewereabletocutthetotalcostoftheE-bookstohalfofthepaperback!Weapologize,butwethinkreaderswouldpreferthesignificantlylowercost.The Translators' Introduction and commentary, bibliography and theglossaryappearinbothvolumes.

Please note that you can jump to a footnote text by tapping thefootnotenumber.Youcanthenbereturnedbacktothemaintextsimplybytappingthefootnotenumberinthefootnotetext.

Translators'Introduction

In an age when such terms as "classic" are the everyday fare ofadvertisingcopywriters,itisdifficulttoknowhowtointroduceagenuineclassic of occult literature, but the book you hold in your hands isimpossible to describe in any otherway.Originallywritten sometime intheninthcenturybyananonymousArabwizardinNorthAfricaorSpain,andcreditedinthefashionofthetimetothenotableSufiandscholaral-Majriti,itwasoriginallytitledGhayatal-Hakim,"TheGoaloftheSage."

LikesomanyworksofArabicoccultism,iteventuallyfounditswaytoEurope.ItwastranslatedintoSpanishandLatinatthecourtofAlfonsotheWise,KingofCastile, intheyear1256,andreceivedthenewtitleofPicatrix. Scholars to this day are uncertain what the name means. Theexplanationthatseemsmostplausible is that it is theLatinversionofanArabictransliteration,perhapsBuqratis,ofaGreekoriginal;itistempting,thoughunprovable,tosuggestthatthenamemayhavebeenHarpocrates,theHellenisticEgyptiangodofsilenceandmystery.TheLatintextmakesthemysterymoreintriguingbyclaimingthatPicatrixwasthenameofthebook'sauthor.

The influence of Picatrix on the magical traditions of the westernworldwasimmense.MostofthesignificantscholarlyoccultistsofthelateMiddleAgesappeartohavedrawnonit,oronmaterialborrowedfromitby other authors. Marsilio Ficino, whose translation of the CorpusHermeticum launched the Renaissance occult revival, borrowed heavilyfrom it for his pathbreaking Three Books on Life; Heinrich CorneliusAgrippa'sThreeBooksofOccultPhilosophywasevenmoreextensivelyinfluenced by Picatrix, and some of the leading figures in the Englishoccult renaissance of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, SimonForman,EliasAshmoleandWilliamLilly,useditasaprimarysourcefortheirownmagicalwork.With theendof theRenaissanceand theriseofthe scientific materialism that dominated seventeenth-century culture,however, Picatrix dropped from sight, and the revival of magic in thewesternworld thatbegan in themiddleof the19thcenturypassed itby.

Even today it remains the least known of the major works of westernoccultism.

ThePicatrixinContext

TounderstandwhyPicatrixhadsogreatan impacton itsowntime,andhasbeensothoroughlyforgotteninours,itneedstoberecognizedastheextraordinaryworkitis.Itisnotsimplyacollectionofmagicalrecipesand rituals, like the grimoires of a later period. Though it does containplenty of detailed instructions inmagical procedures, its central focus isphilosophical;itisinfactthemostextensivetreatiseonthephilosophyofmagic tobewritten anywherewestof Indiabetween Iamblichus'On theMysteriesof the fourth century andCorneliusAgrippa'sThreeBooksofOccultPhilosophyofthesixteenth.

The philosophy that grounds the magic of Picatrix is the sametheurgicNeoplatonismthat fillsboth thebooks justmentioned,enriched,asAgrippa'sworkalsowas,by theastrologicalmysticismthatplayedsolargearoleinthemagicalendofNeoplatonismafterIamblichus'time.ToNeoplatonists,amongthemtheauthorandagreatmanyofthereadersofPicatrix,theworldwasahierarchyoflevelsofbeing,downwhichcurrentsofinfluencecascadedfromthedivineunityatitssummit.Theworkofthemagician consisted of learning the ways of these currents, and drawinguponthemtoperformmagicalworkswhentheywereattheirstrongest.

Picatrixwasnotsimplyadiscussionofmagicalphilosophy,however.It contained an immense body of practical occult lore that had beengatheredupamongAraboccultistsoverthetwocenturiesorsobeforeitsanonymousauthorputpentopaper.ThepracticesofNeoplatonisttheurgycontributed a great deal to the collection, and so did the astralmagic ofMesopotamia;therearealsoworkingsinPicatrixthatshowcloseaffinitieswith the magic practiced in ancient Egypt, and others that are clearlyborrowedfromHindutradition.NootherbookonmagicfromtheMiddleAges contains anything close to a comparable collection of magicaltechnique

Much of themagic taught in Picatrix, in addition, used a particularprocedurethatcouldbefoundinfewothersources.Thatprocedureseems

tohavedeterminedthenameusedmostoftenformagicintheLatintext,nigromantia,which literallymeans "blackdivination", verynearly in thesensethatamodernbookonespionagemightrefertoactsofsabotageandthelikeas"blackops."Astrology,theprincipalmethodofdivinationinthemedieval world, was generally considered even by theologians to be alegitimateandacceptablemeansofgathering information.Whatwasnotacceptabletotheorthodoxwasanymoreactiveuseofthesubtlecurrentsof influence that astrologers attempted to track, and this is exactlywhatPicatrix taught. Its "black divination" focused on making talismans attimesprecisely chosen for their astrologicalproperties, so that a specificinfluenceradiatedthereafterfromthetalismansforgoodorill.Unlikethelatermagicof thegrimoires, theseworkingsrequiredlittleceremonyandmade only limited use of divine names and words of power; theireffectivenesscamefromtheheavens.

The audienceofPicatrixdiffered from that ofmanyothermedievaloccult texts aswell, for its anonymous author states repeatedly that it issolely intended for the use ofmembers of a particular profession of histime. The Latin text gives that profession the title sapiens; we havetranslatedit"sage,"butthereisanotherEnglishwordperhapsevenbettersuitedtotheconnotationstheauthorhadinmind:"wizard."

ItistoorarelyrememberedthatlegendaryfiguressuchasMerlin,andtheir fictional equivalents such as J.R.R. Tolkien's Gandalf the Grey,reflectanauthenticmedievalphenomenon:thefreelanceoccultist-scholarwhose stock in tradewasasmuchuseful adviceasmagicalpowers, andwho aspired, and very occasionally rose, to the position of councilor tokings. The author of Picatrix conveniently lists the qualifications for asapiensinBookIV,chapter5;theyincludeagoodworkingknowledgeofthe following topics: agriculture, seafaring, and politics; the militarysciences; "the civilized arts by which people are helped," includinggrammar, languages, law, rhetoric, writing, and economics; the fourtraditionalbranchesofmathematics,arithmetic,geometry,astronomy,andmusic;logic,withtheworksofAristotlespecificallysingledoutforstudy;medicine; thenaturalsciences,andmetaphysics,withAristotle'swritingsonthesetwosubjectsagainspecificallyreferenced.

From a modern perspective, this very demanding curriculum mayseem irrelevant to the work of a professional wizard. From within theworldviewoftheMiddleAgesandRenaissance,itwasessential.Whetherhe was earning a modest living by casting horary divinations in amarketplaceorleadingaprivilegedlifeinaroyalcourt,awizard'sjobwastoprovidesoundadvicetohisclients.Thatadvicewoulddrawinspirationfrom astrology or one of the other scholarly methods of divinationpracticedatthetime,suchasgeomancy,butitwouldalsobeinformedbyabroad education in very nearly the entire body of useful knowledge thathadsurvivedthedeclineandfalloftheRomanworld.

Nor, of course, did anyone in the Middle Ages or Renaissanceperceive the sort of rigid barrier between occult sciences, such asastrology, and practical sciences, such as mathematics, that modernindustrial cultures consider self-evident. As Arthur Lovejoy usefullypointedoutmanyyears ago inTheGreatChainofBeing,medieval andRenaissanceculturesunderstoodthecosmostobeaunity,boundtogetherbyconnectionsandinfluencesextendingfromthethroneofGodabovetheheavenstothedeepestrecessesofmatter.Theartsandscienceshadtheirownproperplace in thatcosmos,andeachbranchofhumanknowledge,howeverhumbleorexalted,castadistinctivelightonalltheothers.Thusthe sapiens, the sage or wizard of the medieval world, took all humanknowledge as his province and applied it to the challenging task ofproviding sound guidance to his clients in a troubled and often brutalworld.

ThePicatrixandtheNecronomicon

Theimportanceofthewizardasaprofessionalfounditselfreflectedearlyoninliteratureandfolklore,insuchfiguresasMerlintheMageandNectanebus, who played a Merlinesque role as magical instructor toAlexander theGreat in themedievalAlexander legends.The concept ofthemagicalbookcontainingalltheoccultsecretsoftheuniversesimilarlyfounditswayintothepopularcultureoftheage.Justaswizardspassedinturnfrommedievallegendtomodernfantasyfiction,inturn,thearchetypeof thesecretbookofoccult lorefoundanewhomeinmodern literature,

andproducedaremarkableparalleltoPicatrixitself.Ina1923shortstory,"TheHound,"pulphorrorwriterH.P.Lovecraft

first mentioned an imaginary tome of darkest magic titled theNecronomicon, written by the equally fictional Arab wizard AbdulAlhazred. The Necronomicon appeared frequently in Lovecraft's storiesfrom then on, along with other equally imaginary tomes such as thePnakotic Manuscript, and evolved into the core text of an imaginaryreligionofevil:thecultoftheGreatOldOnes,terrifyingbeingsfromdeepspacewhohadruledtheEarthintheprehistoricpastandwaiteduntil"thestarswereright"toresumetheirdominion.

By 1927 the Necronomicon had become central enough to his"Cthulhu Mythos" stories that Lovecraft wrote out a few pages on itssupposed history to help him keep his facts straight. According to thisdocument,[1]theoriginalArabicnameofthebookwasAlAzif,anditwascompiledbyAbdulAlhazredaround730CE,drawingon forbidden lorefromBabylon,Egypt,andalostcivilizationinthe"EmptyQuarter"oftheArabian peninsula. Alhazred himself was devoured by an invisiblemonster in themarketplace ofDamascus in 738, but copies of his booknonetheless got into circulation, and it was translated into Greek byTheodorus Philetas in 950, who retitled it Necronomicon. (Lovecraftinterpreted this as "an image of the laws of death;" this is not quitegrammaticalGreek,andamoreaccuratetranslationmightbe"ConcerningtheLawsofDeath,"orpossibly"ConcerningDeadLaws.")

In1228,theDanishscholarOlausWormiussupposedlytranslatedtheNecronomicon into Latin, and the famous British occultist John Dee,ElizabethI'scourtastrologer,madeamanuscriptEnglishtranslationsomecenturies later. From that point on, the history discusses how differentcopies got into the places where it turned up in Lovecraft's stories andthose of other writers who borrowed his eldritch stage props, with hisenthusiasticpermission,fortheirownhorrortales.

Bythelastyearsofhislife,Lovecraftwashavingtofendoffrequestsby fans and fellow writers that he find the time to manufacture theNecronomicon.Hiswork fell intoobscurity for severaldecades afterhisdeath, but it found newly appreciative audiences in the 1970s, and an

assortment of forged Necronomicons duly saw print thereafter. One,writtenbyagroupofNewYorkoccultistsunder thepenname"Simon,"appearedinamassmarketpaperbackeditionin1980andbecamewildlypopularamongthosemembersoftheoccultcommunity(unfortunatelynosmallnumber)whohadtroubletellingthedifferencebetweenpulphorrorfictionandgenuinemagic.

Among less credulousoccultists, however, rumorsbegancirculatingsometimeinthe1990sthatLovecrafthadmodeledtheNecronomicononPicatrix.Thiswasadmittedlyonlyoneofseveralstoriesthattriedtolinkthe Necronomicon to some real work of magic, but the rumor gains acertaindegreeofcredibilityfromtheremarkableparallelsbetweenthetwoworks. Like the Necronomicon, Picatrix was first written in Arabic,translatedintoLatininthethirteenthcentury,andcirculatedsurreptitiouslyamong European occultists for centuries thereafter. Both books containdetailedinstructionsforritualsmeanttocalldownunhumanpowersfromwhat we would now call outer space, and include malefic magicalworkingsofterrificpower.

LovecraftcouldeasilyhavelearnedaboutPicatrixintimetouseitasamodelfortheNecronomicon,asthesecondvolumeofLynnThorndyke'sHistory of Magic and Experimental Science, which devotes an entirechapter to Picatrix, was published in 1923. Still, the best study of theNecronomicon so far, Daniel Harms and John Wisdom Gonce's TheNecronomiconFiles (2003),pointsout thatLovecraft'sknowledgeof theoccult was extremely limited, and there is no evidence that he drew onanything but a few popular occult exposés in constructing the direrituals of his imaginary cult. Perhaps the safest generalization is that ifPicatrix did not exist, someonewould have had to invent it, and this isexactlywhatLovecraftseemstohavedone.

PicatrixinPractice

Manyofthereadersofthistranslation,likethereadersoftheoriginalArabic and Latin editions, will read it in the hope of learning how topractice its magic. This can certainly be done, but three significantobstaclesmustbeconfrontedbyanyonewhohopestolearnthemagicof

Picatrixandputittoworkintoday'sworld.First, nearly all themagical traditions that fill the pages of Picatrix

andprovidedthemedievalwizardwithhisstockintradeareunfamiliartomostoftoday'soccultists,andthemagicalphilosophythatunderliesthemwill be even more so. Readers steeped in modern occult lore may bestartledtofindthattoday'spopularnotionofmagicalpowerasafunctionof the magician's will energizing forms in the imagination appearsnowhere in Picatrix. This should come as no surprise; the concept inquestionwasintroducedtothemagicaltraditionsbyEliphasLeviin1854in his Dogme et Ritual de la Haute Magie, which took it from thephilosophy of Arthur Schopenhauer, and it existed nowhere in magicalteachingsbeforethattime.

Picatrix is the product of an olderworld, and itsmagic draws on aconceptionof thenatureofmagicand theuniverse thatdiffers inalmostevery imaginable way from today's occult traditions. In the magic ofPicatrix, the sources ofmagical power are in themacrocosm rather thanthe microcosm; power is native to the universe, not to the mage. Vastcurrents of creative force set in motion by the Godhead itself cascadedownwardthroughmultiplelevelsofbeing.Theyarerefractedbythestarsandplanetslikeraysoflightstrikingmovingcrystals,anddescendtotheearthwithgreaterorlesserforce,dependingonthecomplexgeometriesofastrologicalrelationship.Themagicianistheonewhoknowshowtocatchthesecurrentsatthemomentsoftheirgreatestpower,storetheirenergiesin material objects appropriate to them, and direct those energies tocarefullychosenends.

The differences between modern occultism and the old magic ofPicatrixaresweepingenoughthatattemptstopracticetheworkingsinthepages that follow fromwithin theworldviewofcontemporarymagicareunlikely to get far or accomplish much. The student of Picatrix todayneedstostartatthesameplaceashisequivalenttencenturiesago,withathoroughstudyof traditionalastrology,as itwaspracticed in theMiddleAgesandRenaissance.Modernastrologyisemphaticallynotanadequatepreparation, and in fact can all too easily be a barrier to understanding;instead, close study of a standard text such asWilliam Lilly's Christian

Astrology,followedbypracticalexperiencewiththetechniquesitteaches,will provide the necessary background. The distance learning coursesoffered byRenaissanceAstrology (http://www.renaissanceastrology.com)provideanotherand, formanypeople,amorecongenialway togain thesameworkingknowledgeoftheancientscienceofthestars.

The gap between ancient and modern magic and astrology, then,formsthefirstofthethreeobstaclesthatmustbeovercomebythemodernstudentofPicatrix.Thesecondunfoldsfromthegapbetweenthemedievalculturethatgavetheoldmagicitssocialcontextandthemodernindustrialculturesthatdothesamethingforourverydifferentwaysofthought.

Picatrix, to put matters bluntly, is not politically correct, and ittcontainsplentyofthingsthatwillaffrontthemodernreader.Nameahot-button issue in contemporary culture, relations between the genders, thelegitimacyofpoliticalpower, theethicsofusinganimalsasrawmaterialforhumanactivities,andmore,andyoumaybesurethatPicatrixoffendstoday's sensibilities on that issue, since it approaches that issue fromwithinthecontextofitsownculture,ratherthanours.Manyreaderswillfindthisintolerable,andeventhosewholearntotolerateitmayfindthatsomethingsinthefollowingpagesmakeforuncomfortablereading.

In some cases, the gap has practical consequences as well. Forexample,manyof the confections described inPicatrix, combinations ofmagically effective substances used to receive and apply the descendinginfluences of the heavens, include animal ingredients that are illegal forprivate citizens to possess in theUnitedStates, and a greatmanyotherscontainsubstancesthatareveryhardtoobtain.Stillothersarestunninglyexpensive,howmanypeoplecanafford,say,tobuyseveralouncesofpuregoldforatalismanoftheSun?Ineverycase,therearealternatives,butitrequires careful study of Picatrix and other medieval magical texts toidentifythemandlearnhowtoadaptancientrecipestomodernconditions,in the same way that the author of Picatrix and his medieval andRenaissancereadersadoptedthemagictheyinheritedtotheneedsoftheirowntimes.

TheauthorofPicatrixcouldeasilyhaveexplainedhowtodothis;atseveralpointsinthecourseofthebook,hedemonstratesararetalentfor

distinguishingessential themes fromminordetails,andoffersoneoptionafteranothersuitedtodifferentsetsofchangingconditions.Inmostofthebook, however, he does nothing of the kind. This points up the thirdobstaclethatthemodernstudentofPicatrixmustconfront:thebookbeforeyouisdeliberatelydesignedtohideitsinnermostsecretsfromanyonewhoisnotwillingtoput intheworknecessarytounravel them.This isnotauser-friendlybook.Whentheauthorwrotethatitismeantforsages,oratleastsagesintraining,hewasnotsimplyexpressingapreference;hewasoffering a warning to the innocent and incautious. Given the commonmodern carelessness towardmagic, thiswarning needs to be repeated instrongterms.Theteachingsinthisbookaredesignedtoprotectthemselvesfromcasualuse,andtherearedeliberate traps incertainplaces thathavebeen set for those who are not willing to take the time to think thingsthrough, or to learn the fundamentals of the magical philosophy thatunderliestheworkingsgivenbelow.

Afurtherwarningdeservesspecialemphasis.Someoftherecipesinthisbookproducelethalpoisons.Notallofthemarelistedassuch;infact,someofthemaredescribedashealthfulcures,andsomeofthethingsthatare listed as lethal poisonswould be harmless if ingested.Themedievalstudent of Picatrix, if he followed the advice concerning preparatorystudies,wouldhavealreadyhadagoodworkingknowledgeof theherbsandminerals thatmade up the stock in trade of themedieval physician,and thuswouldknowat aglance that a recipe containing largedosesofbitteralmondoil,eventhoughitwaslabeledasacure,wouldquicklykillthe person who took it. Most modern occultists do not have thatbackground.Itisthereforeurgentlynecessary,ifyouchoosetoputanyofthefollowingteachingsintopractice,todothenecessaryresearchyourselfandbesurethatyouknowthehealthandsafetyissuessurroundingeveryingredient.

YouholdinyourhandsabookofmagicalphilosophyandpracticeforwhichmagesintheMiddleAgeswerewillingtorisktheirlives,afterall,andthosewhowereabletofindcopiesmightspendtherestoftheirlivesstudying its pages.At least a hint of that same intensity of purpose andpatience toward results wouldmake a good starting point for amodern

approachtoPicatrixanditsteachings.Animmenseamountofmagiccanbelearnedfromthisbook,andonlyacertainfractionofthatisstatedinawaythatcanbegraspedinasinglequickreading.Astheauthorpointsout,there are entire sciences carefully concealed in this book,which can beunfolded throughpatient studyandpractice.Glance through itpassively,anditwillteachyoulittleanddeceiveyouwheneveritcan,possiblywithdisastrous consequences. Engage it patiently and actively, pursuing theadditionalstudiesthebookitselfurgesonyou,andportalafterportalwillopenforyou.

ANoteontheText

ThisversionofPicatrixisbasedprimarilyonDavidPingree'scriticaleditionof theLatin translationmadeat thecourtofAlfonso theWiseofCastilein1256;wehavealsoconsultedthemanuscriptcopyoftheLatintextownedbyEnglishastrologersWilliamLillyandEliasAshmoleintheseventeenthcentury,currently in theBritishLibraryasSloaneMs.3679.We have chosen to use the Latin rather than theArabic edition becauseneitherofusissufficientlyfluentinclassicalArabictomanageanaccuratetranslationandtheLatintextistheonethatbecameaprimarysourceforEuropeanoccultistsduringtheMiddleAgesandRenaissance.StudentsofmedievalandRenaissancemagicwill findour translation from theLatintextconsiderablyeasiertomatchuptoborrowingsinsuchlaterauthorsasMarsilioFicino andCorneliusAgrippa than adirect translation from theArabicmightbe.

TheLatintextdiffersinmanypointsfromtheArabicoriginal,andiswritten inamurkymedievalLatin fullofwordsborrowed fromSpanishand other languages. It has not been possible to interpret all of thesesatisfactorily;thosethatresistedunderstandinghavebeenleftuntranslated,inthehopethatreaderswithabackgroundinmedievalmagicalliteraturemaybeabletohelpusidentifytheminafutureedition.

For the convenienceof studentsof theoccult,wehaveprovidedallthemagicalnamesandwordsofpowergiveninthetextinboththeLatinandArabicforms,andobscurepassagesandtermsin theLatin texthavebeenclarifiedbyconsultingthe1962Ritter-PlesnerGermantranslationof

theArabictext.Adocentyn Press has released its complete Picatrix translation in a

varietyofdifferenteditions,includingtheLiberAtratusandLiberRubeuseditions.All editions contain the samebasic text, but addadditional andvariant passages, either from the Arabic Picatrix or authors cited inPicatrix,notfoundintheLatinPicatrix.TheLiberAtratuseditionaddsapassageonpoisonsfromIbnWashiyya'sBookofPoisons.

WarningandDisclaimer

The material in this book includes descriptions of processes andactivities thatmaybehazardous, illegal,orboth.Readerswhochoose topursueanyoftheseactivitiesdosoentirelyattheirownrisk,andareurgedto use discretion, to be aware of the potential risks involved in theseprocesses and activities, and to consult with appropriate licensedprofessionalsbeforemakinganyattempttoperformanysuchprocessesoractivities.Thetranslatorsandpublisherofthisbookshallhavenoliabilitynorresponsibilitywithrespecttoanylossordamagecausedorallegedtobecausedbyreadingorfollowinganyoftheinstructionsinthisbook.

PICATRIX

BookThree

Here begins the third book of Picatrix, in which are treated thepropertiesof theplanetsandsigns; and their formsand figures,given intheir proper colors; and how it is possible to speak to the spirits of theplanets,andmanyotherworksofmagic.

ChapterOneThepartsoftheplanetsthatexistinplants,animalsandmetals

Havingspokenintheprecedingbookoftheimagesandfiguresoftheheavens and the other figures that are found there,wewill now explainwhichfiguresorfacesinthisworldarecomparedtothecelestialfigures.YoushouldknowthatastheSunpassesfromplacetoplaceinthecircleofthe signs his effects are diverse, and this diversity is produced by thediversityof theplanetsandfixedstars.Thereforewhen there isanythingthatyouwishtoarrange,youshouldlookforatimethatisappropriatetoyourintention,whenthecelestialfiguresfavoryourwork,andthenyourworkingwill have the effect that we intend it to have naturally, and bymeansoftheresemblanceofterrestrialtocelestialthingsandthecomingtogetherofthetwonatures,namelytheterrestrialandcelestial.

Intothatwhichisterrestrial,thecelestialvirtueispouredin,andinitthespiritualmotionandalterationwillbemostaccording toyourdesire.Therefore workings with images are done in two ways, that is, by thevirtues of the heavens and by the virtues of natural things of the earth.Thusinthisthirdbookwewillspeakofalltheimagesinmagicaccordingto the science of images, and its highest achievements. In this placewewill relate in detail the effects and powers that every planet hasindividually,andtheireffectsandpowersofmagic.

First we will speak of Saturn. Saturn is the source of the retentivevirtue.[180] He rules profound sciences, and the science of laws andseekingoutthecausesandrootsofthingsandtheireffects,andspeakingofwondersandunderstandingdeepandsecretqualities.Amonglanguageshe rulesHebrewandChaldean; among the external organs the right ear;

among internalorgans, thespleen,which is thesourceofmelancholybywhichallmembersare reciprocallyconnected.Amongreligions,[181] hehas that of the Jews; and among clothing all black clothing; amongprofessions, those thatworkwith the earth, plowing, digging, extractingminerals,builders,andarchitects;amongtastes,thosethatareunpleasant;among places, black mountains, dark rivers, deep wells, and desertboundaries and places; among stones, onyx and all black stones; amongmetalslead,ironandallmetalsthatareblackandsmellbad;amongtrees,eldertrees,oaks,carubiatrees,palmsandvines;amongherbs,cumin,rue,onionsandallplantsthathavethickleaves;ofmedicines,aloe,myrrhandsimilar things, white lead[182] and colocynth;[183] of incense, strongcassia and storax; among animals, black camels, pigs, apes, bears, dogsand cats; among birds, all that have long necks and coarse voices, andcranes, ostriches, duga, crows, and all animals that thrive under ground;amongsmallanimals,thosethataredryandstinking.Amongcolorshehasalldarkandtawnycolors.

Jupiter is the source of the augmentative virtue.He rules over lawsand the legal profession, jurisprudence, and skill in obtaining petitions,repaymentsandretentions,andheguardsagainstmortalillnesses.Heruleswisdom,philosophyandtheinterpretationofdreams;amonglanguages,hehasGreek;amongexternalorgans,theleftear;amonginternalorgans,theliver who rectifies the complexion and humors; among religions, thatwhich unites all; among clothing, that which is white and expensive.Among productive and unproductive professions, he governs ruling andcorrecting lawsand selling treasures; among tastes, those that are sweet;among places, oratories, and all places that are famous, full of treasure,and holy; among stones, emerald and all white and yellow stones, andcrystal, and all stones that are bright and considered precious; amongmetals, tinand tutia;[184]nuts, hazelnuts, pines,pistachios, andall treesthatbearfruit,fruithavingarind;amongherbs,whitemint,allherbsthatare fruitful with a good odor; among medicines saffron, yellowsandalwood, nutmeg, camphor, amber and mace; among animals, allanimalsthatarebeautifulandvaluedfortheirappearance,thosewhicharesacrificed,andallinoffensive,clean,andpreciousanimalssuchascamels,

beavers,stags,gazelles;amongbirds,thosethatarebeautifulandcolorful,such as peacocks, roosters, pigeons and quail; among small animals, thekind that work, such as silk worms. Among colors he has red tendingtowardwhite.

Marsisthesourceoftheattractivevirtue.Herulesoverthescienceofnature and rules surgery, andmasteryofbeasts, andextracting teeth andlettingbloodandcircumcision.Among languageshehasPersian;amongexternalorgans, the rightnostril; among internalorgans, thegallbladderfromwhichcholerandheatcome;ofinstincts,thatwhichrousestoangerandbattle.Among religions,hehashereticsand thosewhochange fromone faith to another; among clothing, linen and the skins of rabbits anddogs and garments made of several different skins; among professions,blacksmithingandweaponmakingand robbery;among tastes, those thatare hot, dry and bitter; among places, strong fortresses, places that aredefensibleandwarlike,andplacewherefireburns,andwhereanimalsareslaughtered and where wolves, bears and wild animals congregate, andplacesofjudgment;amongstones,granite,andallstonesthatareredanddark;andofmetals,redgoldandsulfurandpetroleumandglassandredbronze;amongtrees,all treeswhosenature ishot,suchaspepper,pines,scammony, cumin, cocnidium, laurel, euphorbia, hemlock, trees that areuseful and burn easily; and of medicines everything that has a badcomplexion andkills and consumesbecause of great heat; andof scentsredsandalwood;andofanimals,redcamelsandallanimalsthathavegreatredteeth,anddangerouswildanimals;amongsmallanimalsthosethatdoevillikevipers,scorpions,miceandthelike;amongcolors,intensered.

TheSunisthelightoftheworldandthegovernorofthecosmos,andisthesourceofthegenerativevirtue.Herulesphilosophy,augury,andtheexposition of jurisprudence. Among languages he has French, and hesharestheGreeklanguagewithMercury;[185]amongexternalorgans,theeyes,andamonginternalorgans, theheart,whichrules theorgansof thebody and is the source of heat, granting life to thewhole body; and ofreligions,thereligionoftheSabaeansandthethosewhopraytothespiritsoftheplanets;amongclothes,thosethatarepreciousandnoble,thosethatare made of gold; among tastes, those that are thick and sweet; among

places, great cities, royal and beautiful, inwhich kings linger, and loftyand expensive places; among stones, ruby and jacinth; among metals,gold; among trees, those that are lofty and beautiful, such as palms thatgrowtall;amongherbs,saffron,roses,wheat,grainsandoliveswhichheshareswithSaturn;amongmedicines,aloewood,sandalwood,shellacandall whose complexion is hot and sharp; among odors, good aloe wood;among beasts, those that are valuable and useful to man, oxen, horses,camels, rams, cows and all animals that have great strength and power;amongbirds,thosewhicharekeptbykings,falcons,eagles,andpeacocksinpart;andhealsohasgreatserpents,andsharesbearswithMars;amongcolorsthosethatarereddish,andyellowlikegold.

Venus is the source of the power of flavor.And she rules grammarand the art of measuring sound and song. Among languages she hasArabic; among the internal organs, the right nostril, and among internalorgans,thosethatmeetinsexualintercourseandprojectsperm,[186]andthe stomach, and those fromwhich come the virtue and flavor in eatinganddrinking;amongreligion,Islam;amongclothing,allpaintedclothing;andofprofessions,allprofessionsofpaintingandshaping,sellingthingsthat smell good, playing instruments that are good to listen to, singing,dancingandmakingstringedinstruments;amongflavors,allsweetthingsthat taste good; and of places, place of vice, places in whichmen seekhealing,andinwhichmendance,andplacesofcheerfulnesswherethereissinging and speech, and places of ladies and beautifulwomen, and alsoplacesofeatinganddrinking;andofpreciousstones,pearls,andofrocks,lapis lazuliandalmartach;andofplants,allplantswithagoododor likesaffronandarhenda,rosesandallflowerswithagoododorandsmellandarepleasanttolookat;amongmedicinesbalsamandgrainsofjulep,andthosethatemitastrongsmell,suchasnutmegandamber;amonganimals,females, camels that are beautiful and all beautiful animals withsymmetrical bodies such as gazelles, sheep, gazelles, hares, partridges,calandras and the like. Among small animals, she has those that arecolorfulandbeautiful;amongcolors,skyblueandgoldtendingalittletogreen.

Mercuryisthesourceoftheintellectivevirtue.Andhehasrulership

over learning sciences and wisdom and dialectic, grammar, philosphy,geometry,astronomyandastrology,geomancy,thenotoryart,[187]auguryby birds according to their flight, and interpreting the language of theTurksandotherpeoples;amongtheexternalorgansofaman,thevisibletongue; among the internalorgans, thebrainandheart, fromwhich flowthe intellect and powers that arrange things in order, and the sensitivememory;amongreligions,thosethatareforbidden,andthatofthosewhospeculateaboutreligion,andthosewhodelightinthewaysofphilosophy,and those who live according to the senses; among clothing, linenclothing;amongprofessions,preaching,writingverse,buildingcarriages,geometry,interpretingdreams,debuxandianddrawing,andallprofessionsthat are discovered through subtle thought; among tastes, those that aresharp;amongplaces,housesofpreachingandplaceswheresubtlemasterswork, and springsofwater, streams, reservoirsandwells; amongstones,all stonesshapedand inscribed;amongminerals,mercury,andall stonesthat are raised up and used in nobleworks; amongplants, reeds, kapok,flax,pepper,andallplantswithasharpsmelllikecloves,andalltreeswithfruitthathasanouterrind;amongmedicine,allgums;amongthingsthatsmellgood,thosewhichareformedicineandhealthmaintenance,suchasgingerandspikenardandthelike;andofanimals,humans,smallcamels,zebras,rumas,apes,wolves,andallanimalsthatjumporrunswiftlyandallbeaststhatfeedthroughtrickery;amongbirds,thosethatflysmoothlyand clearly and thosewith perception and understanding, and those thathavepleasantvoices;amongsmallanimals,thosethatmovequicklysuchasantsandthelike,andofcolors,blueandmixedcolors.

TheMoonreceivesthevirtuesoftheplanetsandpoursthemoutintotheworld, and is the source of the natural virtue.And she has rulershipovergeometryandarithmeticandoftheconjunctionofwatersandweightandmeasure,andhighknowledge,magicandmedicineandpetitionsandancient things. Among languages she has German; among the externalorgansofmanthelefteye;amonginternalorgans,thelungs,fromwhichproceedrespiration;amongreligions,thosethatpraytoidolsandimages;amongclothing,hidesandscarves;amongprofessions,polishing, leatherworking, minting money, and sailing; among tastes, those that have no

tastelikewater;amongstones,verysmallpearls;amongmetals,silverandthosehavingawhitebody;amongtrees,irisandreeds,andallwhitetreeswithagoododorandallbornintheearththatdonotriseabovetheirroots;and all small plants and all stalks and all plants that are grazed; amongplaces,springsofwater,lakes,swampsandplacesofsnowandwhereverwaterisfound;andofmedicinesthosethatareformaintaininghealthandhealingsuchascinnamon,ginger,pepperandthelike;amonganimals,redhorses,mules,donkeys,cowsandhares;amongbirds,allbirdssmoothintheirmotion,andallanimalsbornorlivingintheair,andallwaterbirds,andbirdsthatarecoloredwhite.Shehaswhitesnakes,andhercolorsaresaffronandred.

KnowthatthenatureoftheHeadoftheDragonistoaugment;whenitiswithfortunateplanetsit increasestheminhonorandstrength,andifhe is with unfortunates he augments them in condemnation and badfortune.SimilarlytheTailoftheDragonhasthenatureofdiminution.Andwhen it is with fortunate planets it diminishes their good and withinfortunates it diminishes their evil and condemnation. And we haveremindedyouoftheprecedingsoyoucanknowitandvalueit.

ChapterTwoOfthepartsofthesignsintheaforesaidthreeexistences,thatis,

plants,animals,andminerals

In the sameway that theplanetshave rulershipover things, soalsothesignshaverulershipoverthings.Webeginwiththefirstsign,Aries.

Aries rules, among the organs of the body, the head, the face, thepupiloftheeyeandears;amongcolors,yellowandredmixed;andbittertastes; and sandy places, places of fire and placeswhere robbers gather;among metals and minerals, those that are worked with fire; amonganimals,thosewithhooveswhosefeetarecovered.

Taurusrules,amongtheorgansofthebody,theneckandthetrachea,andallpopulatedplacesandthosecreatedbyplowing;amongtrees,alltalltreesandthosethatproducefruit,andthosethatdonotneedwater,andallthathavegoodtastesandsmells;amonganimals,allquadrupedsandthosewithhooves.

Geminirules,amongtheorgansofthebody,theshoulders,armsandhands; amongcolors,green tending towardyellow;among tastes, sweet;amongplaces,houseandcultivatedplacesinhighmountains;amongtrees,thosethataretall;amonganimals,menandapes;amongbirds,waterbirdsandallthosewithagoodvoiceandthatreadilymakesongs.

Cancer rules, among the organs of the body, the chest, breasts,stomach, lungs, ribs and the secret places of the chest; among colors,tawny and smoky; among tastes, salty; among places, lakes of water,swamps, and places where waters flow together, the seashore and theshoresof rivers; among stones, those that are in thewater; among trees,those that grow tall in the water; among animals, those thriving in thewater, such as small fishes, snakes, scorpions, vipers and terrestrialreptiles.

Leo rules, among theorgansof thebody, thenobleparts, theheart,the thinner ribs and back; among colors, red, yellow and brown; amongplaces, those easily defended and strong, the cities of kings and strongcastlesandholyplaces;amongtastes,bitter;amongstones,thosethatarered,diamondandjacinth;amongmetals,gold;amongtrees,thosethataretall;amonganimals,thosethathavelongteeth;amongbirds,raptors.

Virgo rules, among the organs of the body, the belly and of theinternal organs, the intestines, the lower bones of the belly, and theabdominal organs; among colors, white and tawny; among tastes, thosethatareastringent;amongplaces,placeswherewomengatherandplacesof joking and singing; among trees those that produce seeds; amonganimals,men;amongbirds,thosethatswiminwater.

Libra rules, among the organs of the body, the hips and buttocks,sexualorgans,andtheupperbelly;amongcolors,green,violetandtawny;among tastes, sweet; among places, deserts, sand, hunting grounds, andhighand loftyplacesfromwhichmanythingscanbeseen;amongtrees,those that are tall and straight; among animals,men; among birds thosewithlargeheads.

Scorpiorules,amongtheorgansofthebody,allofthesexualorgansofmen andwomen, among colors, green, red and tawny; among tastes,salty;amongplaces,dry lands,prisons, andsadplaces;andstonyplaces

where scorpions gather; among stones, coral and marine pearls; amongtrees, those that are tall and straight; among animals, scorpions, vipers,snakes,smalldryanimalsoftheearth,andwateranimals.

Sagittarius rules, among theorgansof thebody, thebuttocks, shins,and the signs of superfluity in the body and everything excessive in thebody;amongcolors,rosechangingtoredandallcolorstawnyandmixed;among tastes, bitter; among places, gardens, places of kings and fire;among stones, the emerald; amongminerals, lead; among animals, menandbirds,snakesandsmallworms.

Capricornrules,amongtheorgansofthebody,theknees,thetendonsundertheknees,thatisthoseunderthekneecapandcalves;amongcolorspeacock blue, cardinal red, and all that are tawny and tending towardblack; among tastes, astringent; among places, the palaces of kings,gardens and enclosedplaces, river banks andkennels, hospices and innsandplaceswherecaptivesgatherandalsoplacesoftheimageandpowerofgreatmen;amongtrees,thosethatarestrong,suchasolives,nuts,oaks,andallplantsborninthewaterlikereedsoririsandallplantswiththorns;and among beasts, some animals of the water, terrestrial reptiles andserpents.

Aquarius rules, among theorgansof thebody, the lowercalvesandheelsand their tendonsand joints;andofcolorsgreen,grayandyellow;amongtastes,sweet;amongplaces,placeswithflowingwater,theseaandplaceswherewineissold;amongstones,glassandsimilarthings;amongtrees, those that are tall; among animals, man and all animals whoseappearanceandformisuglylikethedevil.

Pisces rules, among the organs of the body, the feet, nails andtendons,amongcolors,greenandwhiteandallgoodcolors;amongtastes,sharp;amongplaces,hermitages,riverbanks, thesea, lakesofwaterandenclosedplaces;amongstones,pearls,stonesthatarewhiteandclearlikecrystalandpearlsthataregrowninthewater;amongplants,thoseareinthemiddle between tall and short and all plants that grow in thewater;amonganimals,aquaticanimalsandthosethatareslowmoving.

Thesearethepropertiesofthethingsruledbytheplanetsandsigns,andareappropriatetothem.Itisnecessarytopayattentiontothisbecause

itisafoundationofmagic.

ChapterThreeOfthefigures,colors,garments,andincensesoftheplanets,aswellas

thecolorsofthefacesofthesigns.

Iwillnowspeakof thecolorsof theplanets.ThecolorofSaturn islikeburnedwool; thatofJupiter isgreen; thatofMars isred; thatof theSun is thecolorofyellowgold; thatofVenus is saffroncolored; thatofMercuryislikelac[188]andthecolorofgoldmixedwithgreen;thatoftheMooniswhite.

HerearetheimagesoftheplanetsaccordingtoHermes,inthebookhesenttokingAlexander,whichhecalledtheBookoftheSevenPlanets.Whatfollowsaremanyofthethingsnecessaryinthisscience.

TheimageofSaturnistheimageofablackman,wrappedinagreencloak,withtheheadofadogandholdingasickleinhishand.

TheimageofJupiteristheimageofamanwearingfineclothingandsittingonathrone.

TheimageofMarsistheimageofamanridingonalion,andholdingalargelance.

TheimageoftheSunistheimageofabeardlessmanwithabeautifulface,havingacrownonhisheadandalanceinhishand,andbeforehimistheimageofaheadandaman'shandandtherestofhiscorpselikeahorsewithfourhooves,lyingreversed,thatiswithhandsandfeetupraised.

The image of Venus is the image of a beautiful young girl with acombinherhandandintheotheranapple,andherhairisflowing.

TheimageofMercuryistheimageofanakedman,writingandrisingonaneagle.

TheimageoftheMoonistheimageofamanridingahare.TheaforementionedsageadmonishedAlexanderthatwhenhewished

to do anyworkingwith any of the planets, theworking should be donewith a body that is agreeable to the nature of the planet. If youwish tocompleteanything,considerthenatureoftheAscendantatthetimewhenyouwishtodothework,andputonclothingthatcorrespondstotherisingsign.MaketheAscendantfortunatewithabeneficandtheseventhhouse

unfortunate with a malefic; this is because the Ascendant signifies thequerent (and therefore it should be made fortunate in order that thingsshouldgovigorouslyforward),whiletheseventhhouseisassignedtothething desired (and therefore it is appropriate that it be infortunated anddebilitatedinorderfortheordainedeffecttobebroughtabout).

Nowfollowthecolorsoftheclothesorgarmentsoftheplanets.ThecolorsofthegarmentsofSaturnarealwaysblackanditisbestthattheyallbemade ofwool.The color of Jupiter's garments is green, and they arebestmadeofsilk.ThecolorofMars'garmentsisthatoftheflameoffireandtheyarebestmadeofsilk.ThecoloroftheSun'sgarmentsisyellowgoldandtheyarebestmadeofsilkandyellowgold.ThecolorofVenus'garments is rose, and theyarebestmadeof silk.ThecolorofMercury'sgarments ismany colorsmixed and they should preferably be silk. ThecoloroftheMoon'sgarments,finally,isshiningwhite,andsilkorlinenispreferred.

Now we will discuss the suffumigations of the planets. ThesuffumigationofSaturnisallthingsthatsmellbad,asafoetida,gumarabic,bdellium,[189] hemlock and similar things; Jupiter's is all good andtemperate odors and includes amber, lignum aloes and similar things;Mars'suffumigationiseverythinghotsuchaspepperandginger;theSun'sisthingsthataretemperateandgoododorslikenutmeg,amberandsimilarthings;Venus'suffumigationiseverythingfragrantlikerose,violets,greenmyrtleandsimilarthings;Mercury'sismixedodorslikenarcissus,violets,myrtle and similar things; theMoon is everything that smells cold likecamphor, lilies and similar things. Pay close attention in your work,however,towhathasbeensaidalready.

Nowfollowsthecolorsofthefacesofthesignsinorder.[190]ThecolorofthefirstfaceofAriesisredanditismadethisway.Take

onepartofgreengall,gum,andorpiment[191],pulverizethemseparatelythenmixthemtogether.Andfromthiswriteorpaintwhatyouwishusingeggwhiteasthemedium.

ThecolorofthesecondfaceofAriesisyellowandthecolorofgoldanditismadeinthisway.Takevitriolofiron[192]andtalcinequalparts.Pulverize themseparately, thenmix themwithhoney.Distill themintoa

gumandsavethemforyourwork.ThecolorofthethirdfaceofAriesiswhiteandthisishowitismade.

Taketalcandwhiteleadinequalparts.ThefirstfaceofTaurushasacolorthatistawnyandsmokyanditis

madeinthisway.Takesootandmixitwithgum,andkeepitforuse.Thesecond face ofTaurus iswhite and it ismade in thisway: take talc andwhite lead in equal parts.The third face ofTaurus is black and ismadefromburntwool.

ThefirstfaceofGeminihasthecoloryellowandissimilartogoldincolor,and ismade thisway.Crushgall,and take theparts thatareblackand soak them in water that completely covers them and put in justenough.Inanotherquantityofwaterandmixlacintoit.Mixthemtogetherandsaveforuselater.

The second face of Gemini is red and is made in this way. Takeorpimentandcinnabarandmixthemtogether,anddistill,andaddguminasufficientquantityandsavefor lateruse.ThethirdfaceofGemini isredandwehavesaidhowtomakeit.

ThefirstfaceofCancerhasthecoloryellow,andhowitismadewehavealreadysaid.ThesecondfaceofCancerisalsoyellowandwehavesaidhowtomakeit.ThethirdfaceofCancer isblack,andit ismadeoforpimentandgallinequalpartswithasmallamountofgumarabic.

ThefirstfaceofLeoistawnyincolor,anditismadeaswehavesaidbefore.ThesecondfaceofLeoisyellowofashadesimilartogoldanditismadeaswehavesaidabove.ThethirdfaceofLeoisredlikethecolorof apples or pomegranates and is made in this way. Take cinnabar andwashitmanytimes.Thensoftenthedustwellandmixitwithgreengallinwater,addasmallamountofgumarabicandlac;keepitforuse.

ThefirstfaceofVirgoisamixtureofredandgold,anditismadeinthisway.Takesaffronandpulverizeitwellanddissolveinwaterofgreengall, mix well, and let it sit undisturbed for awhile, then add a smallamountofgumarabic.

The second face ofVirgo is tawny,which ismade aswe have saidbefore.

ThethirdfaceofVirgoisamixtureofyellowandredcoloranditis

made in thisway.Takeorpiment andpulverize itwell and saffronwaterwithasmallamountofgumarabic,andkeepitforuse.

The first face of Libra is tan, which we have already said how tomake.ThesecondfaceofLibraisblack,andwehavesaidabovehowtomakeit.ThethirdfaceofLibraiswhiteandwehavesaidabovehowtomakeit.

Thefirst faceofScorpiohas thecolorblack, thesecondyellow, thethird,tan,andallofthesewehavealreadytoldhowtomake.

The first face of Sagittarius has the color red, andwe have alreadysaidhowtomakeit.

The second faceofSagittarius isyellowand it ismade in thisway.Takeyelloworpimentandheat it in the fireovernight.Thenmix itwithwhiteleadandpulverizeitwell, thenaddasmallamountofgumarabic,andwritewithit.

The third face of Sagittarius is tan, and how to make it we havealreadysaid.

ThefirstfaceofAquariushasthecolorofredmixedwithindigo,anditismadewithdragon'sbloodmixedwithgumarabic.

ThesecondfaceofAquariusisblackanditismadeinthisway.Takegall, gum arabic, one dram of orpiment, and a half dram of parchment.Breakthemupandpulverizethemandmixthemtogether,dissolvingthemineggwhiteandmakepillsandallowthemtodry.Andwhenyouwishtowrite,takeoneanddissolveitinwaterandwritewithit.

ThethirdfaceofAquariusisgreen,anditismadewiththegallofananimalwithasmallamountofgumarabic.

ThefirstfaceofPisceshasthecoloroflightred,whichismadewithwhite lead pulverized with a small amount of cinnabar[193] and gumarabic.ThesecondfaceofPiscesistawnyandismadefromtheburntbarkof tamariskmixedwitha smallamountofgumarabic.The third faceofPiscesisredandwehavealreadysaidhowitismade.

ChapterFourWhythesecretsofthissciencemaynotbeunderstoodexceptalittleat

atime

The ancient sages who have spoken of the occult sciences andmagic[194]intheirbookswrotethemasobscurelyastheycould,sothatnoonewouldbeabletogainanybenefitfromthem,exceptbymeansofwisdomandcontinual studyandpractice in them.Thischapter isplacedhere, as thoughbymistake, inorder tomakeamodestdemonstrationofthis.

ChapterFiveInwhichisdemonstratedthevirtuepropertoanimalsandnoteworthythingsnecessaryinthisscience,andhowthespiritsoftheplanetsare

attractedbyfiguresandsuffumigations

Nowthat thehigherpropertiesofeveryplanet in the inferior tribes,that is,animals,plants,andminerals,havebeendescribed,weshallnowspeak of the same tribes in another way. Among them, the animals aremorenoble,andamongthesenoblerforms,humanityisdistinguished,inthat it attainsanoblerdegreeof reflection.Someanimalshaveonlyonesense,suchasconches,alaphomidieandthelike,whileothershavetwo,three, four, five,or even ten.Humanityhas tenmanifest senses and fivehiddenones,whichthisbookwillnowdiscuss.

The formsof animals arediverse, asmaybe seenby reviewing thedifferentkindsofanimals.Justasahumanbeingisananimalintermediatebetween separated[195] celestial spirits and beasts, fish are intermediatebetweenbeastsandbirds,conchesareintermediatebetweensensitiveandinsensitivebeings,astheyonlyhavetwosenses[196],andthisisbecauseoftheterrestrialnaturethatbindsthem,andmakesthemalmostsimilarinnaturetoplants.Fromthisitisclearthatthemoreananimalhasofagivenelement,themoretheanimalwillbemadeofthatelement'snature.

Man is the noblest of animals, since in his body the elements aremutually related as they ought to be, while other animalsmay bemoreeasily equated to their combinationsof elements.Oneof the elements isproper to each animal,who cannever be separated from it, as birds cannever be separated from air or fishes from water, and devils are neverseparated from the perpetual fire that is called "infernal," while the firethat is sensed and perceived by our senses is properly assigned to the

animalcalled"salamander,"whichresemblesamousemadeoffire.Heavyanimals,onaccountoftheirweight,areneverseparatedfromearth.

Herewewillansweracertainunspokenquestion,thatis,inwhatwaydevils exist in fire. I say that man is called a lesser world, and whencomparing him with the greater, one may almost say that whatever iscontainedinthegreaterworldmaybefoundvirtuallyinthelesser.Thusifdevilsexistinthegreaterworld,theyoughtinacertainsensetobefoundin effect in the lesser. This happens in this way: when the irascibleappetite[197] is stirred up in man, it is inflamed immoderately and hebecomes angry and utterly furious, and then becomes a devil in all hisactions.Byacertainsimilitudewecansaythatdevilsexistinfire,thatis,they exist in the rising fire of anger inman, fromwhich the deeds of adevil follow.When thewillof thatmanhas the temperament itought tohave, in turn, it is governed by reason and virtue, and he becomes anangel.Wecanthereforetrulysaythatdevilsexistinthegreaterworldjustastheydointhislesserone.

Now,however,wereturntoourtheme.Isaythattheaforementioneddivision of three kinds in respect to the planets, and their works in theaforesaid sciences according to the Chaldeans, Nabateans, Egyptians,Greeks,Turks,andHindus,comefromthecombiningofpartsthatareofthesamekind,andthismaybeaccomplishedbymeansofsuffumigations,garments, food,andodors. In thisway theymade trulygreatmarvels,asweindeeddiscoverintheirbooks.Inthiswaytheymadeconfectionswithwhich,bytheadditionofthepowersofthestars,theyworkedwiththeairuntilitwasmingledwiththepowersoffire,untilthesereachedthisworld,andtherebytheeffectordesirewasaccomplished.

Theairisabodywithoutwhichotherbodiescanhaveverylittlelife,sinceitisthemediumbywhichbodies,orinfluences,ortheeffectsoftheplanets,may be disposed by thewill acting by amixture of its own airwith theair ingeneral.Thismaybedoneby suffumigations,which taketheplaceofthemembersofthehumanbody,andthesesuffumigationsarecomposedofwoodsand thingsandotherkinds.By thesesuffumigationsthe spirits of men are moved toward their desires. In this way magicalworkingshavemarvelousandmanifesteffects.

I have read a certain book, titled "The Divider of Sciences andRevealerofSecrets," inwhich thiswaswritten. It recounteda story thatseemstrustworthytome,whichwasmentionedinthelandofForacenassomethingelsewhichcamefromIndiaandwasintroducedtothissciencefromthere,butwhenthebookdiscusseddisputesaboutdoubtfulmatters,itquestionedwhether it belonged to this science. It said, though, that thiswasclearlyproven.

"Therewasinthatlandacertaingirlwhomeveryoneconsideredverybeautiful.Onesaidthathecouldmakehercometomydwelling.Iaskedhimtomakehercomeashepromised,andIdidthisfortworeasons,bothfortheloveofknowledge,andalsobecauseIdesiredthegirl;andIaskedhim also to do theworking inmy presence.At once, by suspending anastrolabeandfindingthealtitudeoftheSun,hedeterminedtheascendantand also set out the twelve houses.[198] He found that Aries, which isruledbyMars,wasrising,andLibra,whichisruledbyVenus,wasintheseventhhouse.Iaskedhimwhatthismeant,andhesaidthattheascendantandseventhhousearethehousescorrespondingtotherequestIhadmade.MarsandVenusbeingplacedin thechartwhere theywere,heexplainedthatwhentheyregardedoneanotherinatrineaspect,myintentionwouldbe accomplished. He found that the aspect between them would beperfectedinfortydays,andhetoldmethatintheaforesaidfortydaysfromthedayinwhichIaskedmyquestion,Iwouldinfactgainmydesire.

"At once he took a little piece of diamond, powdered it finely, andmixed it with an equal amount of gum ammoniac,[199] and from thismixturehemadeanimageinmylikeness.Healsotookdrysycamoreandpowdereditfinely,mixeditwithwax,andfromthismadeanimageofthebeautifulgirl,anddresseditinclothinglikehers.Thenhetookanewjugand in it put seven rods or sticks (that is, twigs of myrtle, willow,pomegranate,apple,cottonwood,sycamore,andlaurel)andarrangedtheseinthemiddleofthejug,fourbelowandthreeabove,placedcrosswise.

"Then he put in the imagemade inmy name, and then he put theimageofthegirlintothesamejug.Ashedidthis,henotedwhenVenuswould be opposingMars, andwhenMarswould be strengthened by thefortunes.Hesealedthe jug,andopeneditagaineverydayin thehour in

which he put the aforementioned things into it. At the end of the fortydays, when the lord of the ascendant regarded the lord of the seventhhouseby trineaspect,heopened the jugagainandplaced the images sothateach regarded theother, that is, face to face.Thenhesealed the jugandgaveittometoburyunderthehearthinwhichtherewasordinarilyafire, and while burying it in the gravel, told me to say one word fromIndia,whichheinterpretedtomeandtold tomeaswewillexplain lateron.

"Then, when the working was complete, he took out the jug andopenedit,andtooktheimagesoutofit.Thentheaforesaidgirlcametothedoorofmyhouse,andshestayedwithmefortendays.Attheendofthetendays,hesaidIshoulddotheaforesaid.‘Whenmypromisetoyouisfulfilled,'hesaid,‘Ithinkitbetterthatwefreethegirl,andrestorehertoliberty unharmed.' I agreed to this with a good will, and took the twoimagesthathadbeenburied.Then,takingpowderedchastetree[200]andmixing it into wax, he made candles from it and burned them on thehearth.

"Whentheywereentirelyburnt,hetooktheimagesfromtheirburialplace, divided them from one another, and threw one of them in onedirection and the other in the other, saying another word which I shallteach later.Hedidall this to showhisknowledge tome.When thiswasdone, we saw the girl's memory vanish, and she stood stupefied like asleepwalker. She then said tome, ‘What did youwant to say tome?'and,takingflight,leftthehouse.

ThiswasoneofthegreatmarvelsthatIhaveseenofthisscienceinthecourseofmylife.Ihaverecountedtheforegoinginordertoshowthewonders of this science and themagnitude of its effects so that, as thisworkingwasdonewithanaspectoftheaforementionedplanets,andtheirpositions,aspects,ascensions,departuresfromtheirhouses, thematerialsof which the images were compounded, suffumigations, and everythingelse was related to the work, so you in your own workings should dolikewise, so that everything in them should correspond and you willproceedtoyourgoalwiththepropercompetence.Inthiswayyouwillbeabletoattaintheresultyoudesire,asthewisehavewritten.

Now,however,Iwillbegintotreatofthosethingswhichareneedfulforworkingwith the planetary spirits, aswell as those of the stars, andgenerally of those things that accompany images, so that the imagereceives thevirtuesof theplanet: for example, suffumigations, and fromwhat foods you should abstain while working, so that the work iscompletedmoreswiftly.Itellyou,mydearstudent,thatIhavecomposedthisbookwithgreatlaborandstudy,bringingtogetheraverygreatnumberof the books of the ancient sages, considering and contemplating theiropinions,andwritingdowntheirtrueconclusionsandprovenresults,untilI had studiedword byword 224 books ofmy predecessors, the ancientsages, and fromall these,gathering the flowersand lilies thereof,[201] Icomposedthisbook,devotingsixyearsaltogethertothislabor.

Before writing the passage quoted above, I put forward aphorismsthat were noteworthy and truly worth observing. The reception of thespiritsoftheplanets,however,accordingtotheopinionoftheancients,isthatwhichfollows.Itisfirstnecessarytoknowthenatureoftheplanets,what receives their powers, the spirits you desire to summon, and theirpowers,soastocombinetheseinthefigureorimageyouwishtouse,andthe natures of those things that correspond to the planet which werediscussed earlier, that is, its colors, foods, perfumes, and incenses.Thenyoushoulddiligentlydirectyourefforts,sothatthecolorofthesurfaceofthe body of the image be a similar color to that of the planet you havechosen, that the perfume be among its perfumes, and the colors of thegarmentsof the imageand themagicianbecolors thatcorrespond to thesameplanet;andthesuffumigationsbeodorscorrespondingtothatplanet.Thebodyofthemagicianshouldalsobeofthenatureoftheplanet;thatis,letitbefedwithfoodsassignedtotheplanet,andclothedaccordingly,sothatthebodyofthemagicianhimselfshouldtherebybemaintainedinthecomplexion[202]oftheplanet.

If it happens that suchmeals are contrary to your own nature, youshouldbeginbyeatingfoodsthataremoderateandtemperate,andlittlebylittle proceed to eat the planetary foods, so that your stomach becomesaccustomed to it.[203] In thisway youmay strengthen your appetite sothat your bodymay be governed and nourished by the food.When the

bodyistobegovernedinthisway,however,seewhatpartoftheZodiacalsignstheplanetisin,andalsothatitsraysareprojectedinastraightlinetotheEarth,andarenotbrokenoffbytheraysofanothercontraryplanet,butarepoureddirectlydownontotheEarth,beingfarfromanyimpediment.

Thenyoushouldtakesomeofthemetalattributedtotheplanet,andfrom it cast a cross, doing this when the heavens are appropriatelyarranged; and setup thecrosson two feet.[204]Then combine itwith afigureorimageappropriatetoyourintentionandtheplanetaryspirit.Forexample,ifyouwishtomakeanimageforbattlesortoconquerandterrifyenemies, join thecross to the imageof a lionor a snake. Ifyouwish towork inorder to fleeandescape, combine thecrosswith the imageofabird.Ifyourworkingisfortheincreaseofriches,power,officialposition,orsocialstanding,combinethecrosswiththeimageofamansittingonathrone.Dothesamething,followingtheseexamples,inallyourrequests,combiningthecrosswithafigureappropriatetoyourdesire.Ifyouwishsomeone to be obedient to your desire and not disobey your precepts,maketheimageoutofastonethatisofanatureappropriatetotheplanetthathasgreatpowerintheradixofhisnativityandinhisascendant.Makethatimageinthehourofthesameplanet,andtheplanetthatisdominantin thenativity shouldnotbeopposing,or in the same signas, or in anyaspect to, any planet of a nature contrary to it. If you would make theaforesaidperfect,setupthefiguresothatitistheerectrixofanotherprimefigure.[205]

Thereasonwhywehavesaid that thisfigureshouldbemadein theformofacrossisforreasonsalreadygiven,thatis,thatthepowersofallthings are collected in figures that accord with the qualities that are inthem, and flee from their contraries.We seek the powers of a planetaryspiritinorderthatitmaybeunitedwithafigure,butwedonotknowtheform of the spirit, nor are we able to attain to that knowledgeexperimentallyexcept in the formofahumanbeing,ananimal,orsomeotherthing.

It may be concluded from this that all the aforementioned virtuemanifestsmostcompletelyinfigures.Therefore,weseeallthefiguresandformsoftreesandplantstobediverseintheirshapes,justastheformsof

animals are, and likewiseminerals. Aswe have noway to perceive theproperformsoftheplanetaryspirits,theancientmastersofthisartchosethe cross as a universal figure for them. This is because every body isperceived by its surfaces, and the surfaces of forms have length andbreadth,andtheproperfigureoflengthandbreadthisfoundinthecross.Thuswesay that thisshapehasauniversalmagistery in theseworkings,andisasitwereareceptacleforthepowersoftheplanetaryspiritsinsofarastheotherfiguredoesnotdivergefromthem.Thisisoneofthesecretsofthisart.[206]

Furthermore, all human beings are set beneath the seven planetarycircles.Whenthevirtueoftheplanetaryspiritsisunitedwiththefigureofthe cross, then the working has virtue and power over whatever otherfigurestandswithit,sothatiftheotherfigureisintheshapeofaman,itspowerwillbepouredoutuponmen,andlikewiseif it isshapedassomeotheranimal.

When youmake the figures in this way, however, you should alsomakeathurible[207]outofthesamemetalofwhichthecrossismade,insuchamannerandformastobewhollyenclosedexceptatitsupperend,inwhich thereshouldbeanopeningso that thesmoke isable togetoutthroughit;norshouldthesmokeoftheincensebeabletoriseupwardbyany other route. Besides this, you should have a house set aside andassignedtothiswork,intowhichifatallpossibleonlythosetakingpartinthe working may enter, and they only at the time of the working. Thishouseshouldhaveaplaceopentothesky;itshouldbestrewnwithherbsof the planet ruling the working, and in it should be nothing but theseherbs.

Thenyoushouldtakesuffumigationsofthenatureofthesameplanet,whichyouwillburninthethurible.Setupthecrossabovethethurible,sothat therisingsmokegoesuptowardtheundersideof thecrossandthenflowsabovetheupperside.Ifthisisdone,andtheprecedinginstructionsarediligentlyfollowed,thesmokeofthesuffumigationreachesthesphereof the signs[208] entirely by straight lines, nor will the lines of otherplanetsresistingthatplanetcutitoffwiththeirrays.IfyourworkwillbeonthisinferiorEarth,andthevirtueoftheplanetdescendstotheEarthby

itsownproperlines,thenyouwillhavewhatyoudesire.Whoever intends to labor in this science, however, must first learn

andunderstandwhatgeneralandspecificsignificationsbelongtoeachoftheplanetarypowers,andhowonepowerovercomesanother.Excellencein the working just described comes from choosing a planet for yourworking that has a general potency, and not combining it with anotherplanetthathasaparticularpotency.Youshouldalwaysworkwiththespiritand influence of that planet that has the more general potency.Furthermore,iftheplanetthathasageneralpotencyisthedispositorofthenativityofthemagician,orthealmutenrulingit,yourworkwillbeevenmorecomplete.

A sage has said that there is no other way or method to uniteincorporeal spirits with corporeal spirits except by first making contactwith thehigherof the two;and this is thesecretof thisart.Nonetheless,whoeverperformstheforegoingwithouterrorwillbeable toachievehisdesire.ThesageAaronsaidthatonewhoknowshisownnativityisabletoknowthehouroftheconjunctionofhisownspiritandbody,andthereforetheplanetrulinghisnativity,andbythisknowledgeknowstheplanetthateffectedtheunionofspiritandbodyinhisowngeneration.Ifthatplanetisunfortunate, itwillmakehimunfortunate,while if it is fortunate,on theotherhand,itwillmakehimfortunate.

ChapterSixThemagisteryofdrawingplanetaryspiritswithnaturalthings,and

whatamagicalimageisandhowitcanhavethispower

Nothing in this science can be perfected unless the virtue anddispositionoftheplanetsareinclinedtowarditbytheirownnature.Thisiswhat Aristotle says, in the Book of Antimaquis,[209] where he says:Perfect Nature fortifies those who philosophize, and strengthens theirintellect and their wisdom, so that in all their works they may quicklyattainfulfillment.

Everything belonging to this science, however, the wise concealedaccording to their degree, so that no one except a philosopherwould beable to uncover it. They taught all knowledge and the subtleties of

philosophy to their disciples before revealing to them the work of thespiritsofPerfectNature.Theygave to thespiritsofPerfectNature thesefour names:Meegius,Betzahuech,Vacdez,Nufeneguediz,which are thefourpartsofthespiritsofPerfectNaturenamedabove.Whenthosesageswished to speak about Perfect Nature, they called them by these fournames,whichsignifythepowersofPerfectNature.

Hermes,however,said:WhenIwishedtounderstandanddrawforththesecretsof theworkingsof theworldandof itsqualities, Iputmyselfabove a certain pit that was very deep and dark, from which a certainimpetuouswindblew;norwasIabletoseeanythinginthepit,onaccountofitsobscurity.IfIputalitcandleinit,straightwayitwasextinguishedbythewind.

Then there appeared tome in a dream a beautifulman of imperialauthority,whospoketomeasfollows:"Putthatlitcandleinalanternofglass,and the impetuosityof thewindwillnotextinguish it.Youshouldlower the lantern into the pit, in the middle of which you should dig;thenceyoumaydrawforthan imagebywhich,whenyouhavedrawn itforth,thewindfromthepitwillbeextinguished,andthenyouwillbeabletoholdthelightthere.Thenyoushoulddiginthefourcornersofthepit,andfromthereyoumaydrawout thesecretsof theworldandofPerfectNature,anditsqualities,andthegenerationofallthings."

Iaskedhimwhohewas,andhereplied:"IamPerfectNature;[210]ifyouwish tospeak tome,callmebymypropername,andIwillansweryou."Iaskedhimthembywhatnamehewascalled,andheansweredme,saying, "By the four namesmentioned above I amnamed and called." IaskedhimnextatwhattimesIshouldcallhim,andhowIshouldmaketheinvocation.

Hesaid:"WhentheMoonisinthefirstdegreeofAries,beitbydayorbynight,wheneveryouwish,gointoahousethatiscleanandsplendid,inonecornerofwhichyoushouldputaraisedtableonthefloor,towardtheeasternside.Takefourpitchers(eachofwhichshouldhaveacapacityaroundonepint).Intooneofthemputcow'sbutter,intothesecondnutoil,into the third almondoil, and into the fourth sesameoil.Then take fourmore pitchers of the same size, and pourwine into them. Thenmake a

compositionofnutoil,butter,honey,andsugar.Taketheeightpitchersandthemixtureyouhavemade,andaglassvessel;putthislatterinthecenterofthetable,andputthecompositionyouhavemadeintoit.

"Next put the four pitchers full of wine at the four quarters of thetable,arrangingtheminthefollowingway:thefirstpitcherintheeast,thesecondinthewest,thethirdinthesouth,andthefourthinthenorth.Thentaketheotherfourpitchers;firstputtheonefullofalmondoiltotheeast,then theonefullofnutoil to thewest; theone fullofbuttergoes to thesouth, and the one full of sesame oil to the north. Then take a burningcandleandputitinthemidstofthetable.Thentaketwothuriblesfullofburningcharcoal,intooneofwhichyoushallputfrankincenseandmastic,andintotheotheraloeswood.

"Whenallthisisdone,standuprightonyourfeetfacingtheeast,andinvoke the four aforementioned names seven times. When you haveinvokedthemseventimes,speakasfollows:

"Icalltoyou,Ostrong,potent,andexaltedspirit,becausefromyouproceedtheknowledgeofthewiseandtheunderstandingoftheintellect,andbyyourvirtuethedesiresofthewiseareaccomplished,thatyoumayrespondtome,andbepresentwithme,andunitewithmeyourpowersandthevirtues thataccompanyyou,andstrengthenmewithyourknowledgesothatImayunderstandthatwhichIdonotunderstand,andknowthatofwhichIamignorant,andseethatwhichIdonotsee;andremovefrommeallblindness, turpitude, forgetfulnessand infirmity;and liftmeup to thedegreeof theancient sages (those, indeed,whoseheartswere filledwithknowledge,wisdom,understanding,andcognition),andaffixtheaforesaidthings inmyheart, so thatmyheartmaybemade like the hearts of theancient sages.'" He then said: "And when you have done the foregoingworkingintheaforesaidway,youwillseeme."

This working is described in the Book of Antimaquis. The ancientsagesusedtoperformthisworkingeveryyearforthesakeoftheirspirits,sothattheymightputinordertheirPerfectNatures.Whenthiswasdone,theyusedtofeasttogetherwiththeirfriendsonwhateveronthetablewasnearesttothem.

Aristotlesaidfurthermorethateachsagehadhispropervirtueinfused

intohimbyexaltedspirits,bywhosepowerstheirsenseswereclosed,theirintellects opened, and sciences were revealed to them. This virtue wasconjoinedwith thevirtueof theplanetrulingtheradixof thenativity,sothat the virtue thus co-created in them strengthened them and gaveintelligence to them.Thesesameancientsagesandkingsused todo thisworkingandpraythisprayerwiththefournamesgivenabove,bywhichthey helped themselves in their knowledge and understanding, and theincreaseof their business andpossessions, andguarded themselves fromtheplotsoftheirenemies,anddidmanyotherthings.

Aristotlesaid that the firstwhoworkedwith images,and theone towhom spirits first appeared, was Caraphzebiz. He it was who firstdiscovered themagical art, and spirits appeared first to him, performingwonders, and opening Perfect Nature to his knowledge, and made himunderstandthatsamesecretnatureandsciences.Hisfamiliarspiritsaidtohim:Iwillremainwithyou,butdonotrevealmetoothersorspeakofme,andmakesacrifices inmyname.Hebecameasagebyworkingwith thespirits,andhelpedhimselfbytheirpowersandbyworkingsinwhichtheytookpart.

From that sage Caraphzebiz down to another sage named Amenus(whowas the second toworkwith spirits andmagical operations) 1260yearspassedby.Thissage,whenhetaught,usedtoofferthisadvice,thatanysagewhowantedtoworkmagic,andpreservehimselfwiththepowersof the spirits, ought strictly to give up all cares and all other sciencesbeside this one, because when all the senses and the mind, and allcontemplationsaboutother things,arestrictlyturnedtomagic, itmaybeacquired with ease; and since many assiduous contemplations areappropriate to this science ofmagic, themagicianmustwrap himself inthese,ratherthanbeingwrappedaroundanyotherthings.

Tintinz theGreek said the same thing in thebeginningofhisbook,thatonewhodesires toperformthisworkought toabandonall intentionand contemplation concerning other things, because the root andfoundationofalltheseworkingsconsistsofcontemplations.Aristotlesaidthatanimageiscalledanimageforthisreason,thatthepowersofspiritsareconjoinedtoit;[211]forcontemplationgoesintoanythinginwhichthe

virtue consists of a hidden spirit.The powers of the spirits are fourfold:that is, the senses,whichare said tobe joined to theworld; the spiritofthings,towhichspiritisattracted;thespiritofperfect,sane,andunbrokencontemplation;andthespiritbywhichworksaredonebythehands.Thesethreespirits inmatter,whichexist inintentionandeffect,arecoadunatedinperfectcontemplationwiththesenses,whichwehavesaidarejoinedtotheworld.

Thesensesattractraysandbringthemtothosethingstowardwhichtheyaredirected, likeamirror that israisedupinto the lightof theSun,andreflectshis rays into theshadowstoeitherside; it receives theSun'srays from his light, and projects them into shadowy places; and thoseshadowy places become bright and illuminated, nor is the Sun's lightdiminishedthereby.Thisishowthethreespiritsnamedabovework,whenthe spirits of motion and rest are joined to the superior world while incontact with the senses; they attract the powers of the spirits of thesuperiorworld,andpourthemoutuponmatter.This is thefoundationofimages,andwhytheyaregiventhatname.

SocratessaidthatPerfectNatureistheSunofthewiseanditsrootislight.CertainpeopleinquiredofHermesthesage,asking:"Withwhatarescience and philosophy joined?" He answered, "With Perfect Nature."Theyaskedagain,saying,"What is the rootofscienceandphilosophy?"Hesaid,"PerfectNature."Thentheyquestionedhimmoreclosely:"Whatis the key bywhich science and philosophy are opened?"He answered,"PerfectNature."They thenaskedofhim, "What isPerfectNature?"Heanswered,"PerfectNatureisthespiritofthephilosopherorsagelinkedtotheplanetthatgovernshim.Thisisthatwhichopenstheclosedplacesofknowledge, and bywhich is understood thatwhich cannot otherwise beunderstoodatall,andfromwhichworkingsproceednaturallybothinsleepandinwaking."

ThusitisclearfromtheforegoingthatPerfectNatureactsinthesageor philosopher as a teacher toward a student, teaching the latter first insimpleandeasymatters,and thenproceedingstepbystep togreaterandmore difficult ones, until the student is perfect in knowledge. WhenPerfect Nature works in this way, according to its own virtue and

influence, the intellect of the philosopher is disposed according to hisnaturalinclination.Youshouldunderstandthis,committingittomemory,because from the foregoing itmaybeconcluded that it is impossible foranybodytoattainthisscienceexceptthosewhoarenaturallyinclinedtoit,bothbytheirownvirtueandbythedispositionoftheplanetrulingintheirnativity.

ChapterSevenAttractingthevirtuesoftheplanets,andhowwemayspeakwiththem,andhowtheirinfluencesaredividedamongplanets,figures,sacrifices,prayers,suffumigations,andpropositions;andthestateof

theheavensnecessarytoeachplanet

A certain sage, Athabary by name, said this about the work of thesagesinreceivingthepowersoftheplanets,accordingtotheobservancesfound in the ancient books of magical operations. When you desire tospeakwithanyplanetoraskitforanythingthatyouneed,firstandaboveallelse,purifyyourwillandyourfaithinGod,andbewareespeciallythatyoubelieveinnoother;thencleanseyourbodyandyourgarmentsofalldirt. Then determine the nature of the planet to which your petitioncorresponds.Whenyouwishtoaddresstheplanettowhichyourpetitionproperly belongs, dress in clothing dyed the color of that planet, andsuffumigateyourselfwithitssuffumigation,andprayitsprayer.Doallthiswhen the planet is established in its dignities and called superior in itsdispositions, forbyobserving these things,whatyoudesirewillcome topass.

Herewewill briefly repeat the petitions proper to eachplanet.AskSaturninpetitionsconcerningoldpeopleorgenerousmen,senators[212]and rulers of cities, hermits, thosewho labor in the earth, restoration ofcitizenship and inheritance, distinguished men, farmers, builders ofbuildings, servants, thieves, fathers, grandfathers, andgreat-grandfathers.Ifyoufindyourselfincontemplationandsorrow,orinmelancholy[213]orgraveillness,inanythingjustnamed,orinanythingthathasalreadybeenmentionedasbelongingtoSaturn,andyouaskforsomethingthatbelongstohisnature,youmayseekitfromhiminthemannerwedescribebelow,

andyoumayalsohelpyourselfinyourpetitionbymeansofJupiter.[214]Theessenceofallthesepetitionsisthatyoushouldnotseekanythingfromanyplanetunlessitbelongstohisdominion.

Seek from Jupiter all that belongs to his portion, such as petitionsconcerning sublime men, the powerful, prelates, sages, preachers ofreligion, judges, virtuous men, interpreters of dreams, hermits,philosophers, kings, their sons, the children of their sons, soldier, andcousins; andpetitions for peace andprofit; and anything similarmaybesoughtfromhim.

SeekfromMarswhat isconsistentwithhisnature,suchaspetitionsagainst soldiers, officials, fighters, and thosewho busy themselves withwarlike acts; and on behalf of friends of kings, and those who destroyhomes and citizens, and do evil to humanity, killers, executioners, thosewho work with fire or in places such as stables, litigators, shepherds,thieves,companionson the road, liars, traitors, and the like.Similar, askhim concerning infirmities of the body from the groin downwards, andalsoforphlebotomy,[215]accumulationofgas,andthelike.IntheselatterpetitionsyoumayalsohelpyourselfwithVenus, for thenatureofVenusdissolveswhatisclosedupbyMars,andrepairswhathedamages.

SeekfromtheSunthosepetitionsthatareappropriatetohim,suchaspetitionsagainstkings,thesonsofwarriorsandkings,exaltedpeoplewhodelightinjusticeandtruthandabhorfalsehoodandviolence,desirousofgoodreputationandseekingpopularacclaim,officials,clergy,physicians,philosophers, exalted people who are humble, perceptive andmagnanimous,olderbrothers,fathers,andthelike.

Seek fromVenus all things that pertain to her, such as petitions ofwomen,boys,andgirls,daughters,andgenerallyeverythingpertainingtothe love of women and carnal copulation with them, art, vocal andinstrumentalmusic,tellingjokes,andallthosewhogivethemselvesovertoworldlypleasures,thosewhoengageinvices,maleandfemaleservants,bridesandgrooms,mothers,friends,sisters,andallthosesimilartothem,andinthesepetitionsyoumayalsohelpyourselfwithMars.

Seek from Mercury petitions appropriate to notaries, scribes,arithmeticians, geometers, astrologers, grammarians, lecturers,

philosophers, rhetoricians, poets, sons of kings, secretaries of kings,halfbreeds, merchants, minstrels, lawyers, servants, boys, girls, youngerbrothers,painters,designers,andthosesimilartothem.

SeekfromtheMoonallthingspertainingtoherandattributedtohernature, such as those who petition kings, urban and rural tenants,halfbreeds, messengers sent by land or sea, farm laborers, plowmen,geometricians,stewards,portraitists,marinersandall thosewhodoworkpertaining to water, the populace in general, geomancers, fiancees, thewivesofkings,youthswithoutbeards,andthelike.

NextIhavedeterminedtowritethenaturesofeachoftheplanetsandthe things appropriate to them, and what each of them signifies. Thisbegins with Saturn, as before. Saturn is cold and dry, an infortune,destructive,thesourceofbadandfoulodors,proudandatraitorbecause,whenhemakesanypromise,hebetraysit.Hesignifiesfarmers,streams,thosewhoworkintheearth,controversies,greatandlongjourneys,greatandenduringenmities,bringingevils,battlesandallthingsunwanted,andthepowertomakeandwork.Truespeech,hope,blackness,age,buildings,fear, great thoughts, cares, angers, betrayals, sorrows, anguish, death,inheritances, orphans, old places, appraisals, proper elocution, secretsciences, secret meanings, and profound knowledge: he signifies all theforegoingwhenheisdirectinhismotion.

Whenheisretrograde,however,hesignifiesmisfortune,debilitiesorinfirmities, prisons and evils suffered in all things, and if he enters intoaspectwithanyotherplanet,heweakensitanddamagesallthequalitiesoftheotherplanet.Ifheisretrogradeandyouaskhimforsomething,whatyouseekwillcomeaboutwithdelaysandmiseriesandgreatlabor.Ifheisretrograde in any of his dignities, his maledictions are augmented andincreased; while if he rises in his powers and dignities, then hewill beeasierandgentler.

Jupiter is warm and moist, temperate and fortunate (whence he iscalledtheGreaterFortune),andfollowsSaturnintheorderoftheplanets.Hesignifiesthingsthataresubtlymade,thebodiesofanimals,beginnings,the growth of animals, right judgment, collegiality and equality in allthings,perception,gentleness,truespeech,truth,rightbelief,faithfulness,

chastity,honor,gratitude,eloquence, thesustenanceofgoodwords,goodperception and intelligence, the sciences, philosophy, teaching, thingsobtainedbycorrectreasoningandpeace,honorreceivedfromthepeople,improvement in all one's business, fulfillment of petitions, the will ofkings, delighting in riches and accumulating them, gentleness,[216]liberality, sacrifices, helpers of people in all things and all works,delighting in crowds and all crowded places, benefactors of humanity,piety,followingandupholdingthelawinallthings,delightinginplacesofthe faithful, people of honest speech, decent ornament, beauty, joy,laughterandmuchconversation,speakingwellandgladly,benignfaces,aswell as lovers of the good and thosewho abhor evil, preachers of goodwordsandthosewhoperformallgooddeedsandavoidbadones.

Marsishotanddry,aninfortune,destructive,andthecauseofevils.Hesignifiesdestruction,wickeddeeds,depopulationofhomesandcities,dryingupanddammingof rivers, fire,combustion,controversies,blood,all passions while they are being felt, bad and distorted judgment,oppressions, sorrows, manslaughter and all manner of destruction,demolition, lawsuits, wars, battles, terrors, discord between people,anxieties andmiseries, pain, wounds, prisons, misery, escape, litigation,stupidity, treacheries, and all things that are cursed without sense orreason, ordinary happiness, lying, ungratefulness, ordinary life, shame,encounters on the roads, landlessness and lack of solace, discords,sharpness and angers, doing things that are prohibited by the laws, fear,ordinarylegalities,betrayals,allkindsoffalsepromisesandassessments,wickeddeedsinvolvingcopulationwithwomeninforbiddenways,suchasthosewhodesirebeastsandotheranimalsandstrangewomen,infanticideand destroying living things and abortion, robbery, treasons anddeceptions, all manner of frauds, feeling miserable, brooding, thefts ofclothingandshoes,highwayrobbery,thosewhobreakwallsbynight,[217]thosewhobreakdowndoors,andevildeedsofeverykinds,aswellasallthingsremotefromtruthandlawfulness.

TheSunishotanddry,andofmixedgoodandillinhisinfluence;herepairsanddestroys, andbringsbothgoodandevil;he isbotha fortuneand an infortune. He signifies and reveals perception and intellect,

exaltations and high offices, but without fear, and indeed easily, makesmen to triumph over their enemies and easily inflict violent deaths onthem;he shows thosewhogivegreatgifts to friends (that is, to those towhom they are appropriate and merited); he destroys those who sendmany,whicharecutoffalltogether,distributesgoodthingsandotherwise,andcausesbothgoodandevil;thosewhoobservethelaw,andthosewhokeeppromises;toallpeople,hegivesdelightingoodandpleasantthings,greateloquenceandgivingreadyresponsesinallthings;heincreasestheappetiteforamassingwealth,andforpeopletodesiregoodthings,agoodreputation in the mouths of the people, and high positions and officialposts,makingalllegalityandgoodness,andallthingsthatareproperforkingsandgreatmenintheworldandthemodeoflivingthatisnecessarytothem,aswellasallexaltedandornateworkwithminerals,andmakingthecrownsofkingsandsublimethings,andmakinglargebooks.

Venus is cold and moist, and a fortune. She signifies cleanliness,splendor, preciousness, word games, delight in music, joy, adornments,laughter, pictures, beauty, loveliness, playing music by the voice orstringedinstruments;delightinginmarriage,desiringspicesandthingsthathave good odors; sending dreams; provoking games of chess and dice;desiring to lie with women and to fall in love with them and receivingpromises from them; desiring to appear beautiful, loving liberty,magnanimityofheart,andjoy.Sheabhorsanger,brawling,vengeance,andlawsuits; shedesires to serve thedesires andwills of friends concerningtheworld's opinion; tends toward false promises; is inclined to cupidity;desires to drink much; incessantly desires much copulation, and ofshameful kinds, and to do it in inappropriate places, as women areaccustomedtodowithoneanother;delightinginanimalsandchildrenandinmaking themgood;making things equal; delighting inmerchants andlivingwith themandbeing lovedby theirwomen;and that theymaybedelighted by men. When she is well received, she plays a part in themaking of crowns, building stables and working in stone, having sweetspeech,disdainingtheworldandhavingnofearofit;sustainingpeoplesothat neither anger, strife, or discord can be felt by them; it designates aweakheartandaweakwillinlawsuitsandcombat,andsignifiesdesirefor

allbeautifulcombinationsofthingswhichmaybeinconformitywiththewill;makingcolorsandlaboringdiligentlyinskillsinvolvingthem;sellingmerchandise,spices,andprayers;thosewhoobservethereligiouslaw;andthosewhoadheretosciencesandphilosophiesofforbiddenkinds.

Mercuryischangeable,permutinghimselffromonenaturetoanother,and receives the nature of the other planets, that is, he is benefic withbeneficplanetsandmaleficwithmaleficones.Hesignifiesperceptionandtherationalintellect,fineeloquence,powerfulandprofoundunderstandingofthings,goodintelligence,goodmemory,goodperception,andanagilemind apt to learn sciences; those who labor in science and philosophy;understanding how things will happen; arithmeticians, geometers,astrologers, geomancers, magicians, augurs, scribes, grammarians, andsmoothtalkers;readyunderstandingofthepetitionsofthewise,thosewholabor in sciences and who desire to be exalted by those same sciences;those who want to make books, verses, and rhymes; those who writebooks, calculations and sciences; thosewhowant toknow the secretsofwisdom; expounders of philosophies; merciful and gentle people, andthosewholovesensationandpleasure;thosewhowasteanddestroytheirwealth;merchandise; thosewhobuyandsell things;havingapart in thejudgmentsandreasoningsofpeople; theastuteanddeceptive; thosewhocontemplate wickedness in theirminds and keep these thoughts hidden;liars and makers of false instruments; fearful of enemies, swift in allworks, flitting from the things of one profession to those of another;busying himself in everything; daring in all works that can be done bysubtlety, and desiring to do great things; those who become rich;supportersoftheirfriendsandthepeoplewhomisleadthemtoillicitends.

TheMoon is cold andmoist. She signifies the beginning ofworks,great cogitations about things, good perception and motion, the bestdiscussions in councils, utterances well spoken, daring in all things;fortunate concerning food that is necessary or desirable; good mannerswith people; gracious and quick in all actions, clean, moving quicklytowardwhatisdesired;havinghealthyandclearintentionstowardpeople;a great appetite for eating, but a small one for sex and delights withwomen; turning away from evil so that one may be well spoken of by

people;delightinginhappyandbeautifulthings;thoroughlystudyinghighsciences such as astrology, magic, and other secret sciences; faithfulspouses, desiring toproduce sons andnephews, and tomake the societyandhomeoftheirparentsbetter;lovedandhonoredbypeople,abhorringiniquity, just in all herworks, and according to one of her qualities shesignifiesoblivionandnecessity.

HowtospeakwithSaturn.WhenyouwanttospeakwithSaturnandaskhim forwhateveryouwish, youmustwait until he enters intogoodcondition,ofwhichthebestiswhenheisinLibra,whichishisexaltation,nextinAquarius,whichisthehouseofhisrejoicing,andlastinCapricorn,which ishis secondhouse. Ifyoucannothavehim inanyof these threeplaces,puthiminoneofhistermsortriplicitiesorinanorientalangularorsucceedenthouse(amongallofwhichtheangleofthemidheavenistobepreferred),direct inhiscourse,andinamasculinequarter,beingorientalasmentionedabove.Bewareofhisdetrimentandunfortunateaspects,ofwhichtheworstofallisasquareaspectwithMars,anddonotlethimbecadent.Themostimportantpoint(ofwhichyoushouldtakediligentcare)isthatyoushouldseethattheplanetisingoodconditionandquality,andremotefrominfortunes,becausewhenheis like this,he is likeamanofgoodwill and a livelyheart and agreat and amplemind, and if anotherpersonseekssomethingfromhim,hecannotfinditinhimselftodenythepetitioner.Whenthesameplanetisretrogradeinhiscourseorcadentfromtheangles,heislikeamanfullofangerandillwill,whoismostreadytodenyapetition.

When you have placed Saturn in a good condition as mentionedabove,andyoudesiretospeakwithhimandpraytohim,dressyourselfinblackgarments;thatis,alltheclothingonyourbodyshouldbeblack,andyou should alsowear a black capof the sort that doctorswear, andyoushouldwearblackshoes.Thengotoaplacesetasidefortheseworkings,remotefromotherpeople,andappropriate to thehumblersortofpeople,walking with a humble mind and in the fashion of the Jews, becauseSaturn is the lord of their conjunction.[218]Have a ring of iron in yourhand,andcarryanironthuriblewithyou,ontotheburningcoalsofwhichyou should put the following suffumigous confection, which is

compoundedinthisway.Takeopium,actarag(whichisanherb),saffron,laurel seed, caraway, wormwood, lanolin, colocynth, and the head of ablack cat, in equal parts. Grind up everything that needs to be ground,blenditwiththeurineofablackgoat,andmakepillsofit.Whenyouwishtowork,putoneof themontheburningcoalsof the thurible,savingtheothers; thenfacethepartoftheheavensinwhichSaturnisfound.Whilethesmokeisrising,saythisprayer:

"Oexaltedlordwhosenameisgreatandwhostandsabovetheheavenof every other planet,whomGodmade subtle and exalted!You are thelordSaturn,whoiscoldanddry,shadowy,theauthorofthegood,faithfulin your friendships, true to your word, durable and persevering in yourlovesandhatreds;whoseknowledgereachesfaranddeep,truthfulinyourwords and promises, single in your operations, solitary, remote fromothers,neartosufferingandsorrow,farfromjoyandcelebration;youareold,ancient,wise,andyouabolishknowledgeofgoodthings;youaretheauthor of good and of evil.Miserable and tormented is hewho ismadeunfortunatebyyourinfortunes,andfortunateindeedishewhoistouchedbyyourfortunes.InyouGodhasplacedpowersandvirtues,andaspiritcausinggoodandevil. Iaskyou, fatherand lord,byyourexaltednamesandwonderfuldeeds,thatyoudosuchandsuchforme."

Heresaythepetitionyouwishtomake,andcastyourselftotheearth,with your face always turned toward Saturn, andwith humility, sorrow,and gentleness. Your intention ought to be clean and firm in thematterabout which you propose to ask, and you should repeat the foregoingwordsmany times.Do theaforesaid inSaturn'sdayandhour, andknowthatyourpetitionwillbeeffectuallyfulfilled.

Thereareothersageswhopray toSaturnwithdifferentprayersandsuffumigations, and the latter are composed as follows. Takesouthernwood, bericus seeds, juniper root, preserved dates, and cashewnuts, in equal parts. Grind them up andmix themwith goodwinewellaged(that is,manyyearsold).Makepillsof themixture,andsave themforuse.Whenyouwishtodotheworking,doaswehavesaidabove,andput someof this suffumigation ina thurible,while facingSaturn.As thesmokerises,say:

"InthenameofGodandinthenameofHeylil,[219]whoistheangeltowhomGodhasassignedthepowersandpotenciesofSaturninallthingsaccomplishedbycold;youwhoareintheseventhheaven;Iinvokeyoubyall your names, which are, in Arabic Zohal, in Latin Saturnus, in thePersianlanguageKeyhven,[220]inRomanCoronez,inGreekHacoronoz,[221]inIndianSacas;[222]byallthesenamesofyoursIinvokeyouandcall toyou. I likewiseconjureyouby thenameofGod theexalted,whogives power and spirit to you, that you will listen to me and acceptmyprayerwiththeobediencebywhichyouobeyGodandHisdominion,andaccomplishsuchandsuchforme."

Herespeakyourpetition,withthesuffumigationcontinuallybeingonthe coals of the thurible.When you have said the aforesaid once, throwyourselftothegroundfacingSaturn,forthisisconsistentwithhisnature.Repeat the foregoing words, and then make a sacrifice to him.[223]Beheadablackgoat, andcollect and save itsblood;extract its liver andburn the liver toashes in fire,andkeep theblood.Whenyouhavedonethis,whatyoudesirewillcometopass.

When you wish to speak with Jupiter. If you wish to speak withJupiter, put him in a good condition aswe have said before concerningSaturn.Dressyourselfinyellowandwhitegarments,andgotoaplacethatyouhavesetasidefortheseworkings,humblyandgently,inthemannerofhermitsandChristians,withabelttiedaroundyourwaistandacrystalringbearing a cross on your finger, andwear awhite cap.Take one thuriblemade of the metal of Jupiter,[224] in which you put burning fire. Asuffumigationofthefollowingsortisputintoit.Takeclassa,storax,stalksofcolumbine,peony,calamusroot,pineresin,andhelleboreseedinequalparts. Grind them to powder andmix themwith old purewine (that is,agedforseveralyears),andmakepillsofthemixture.Whenyouwishtodoaworking,doaswehavesaidandcastoneofthepillsintothefireinthe thurible.Turning toward thepart of heavenwhere Jupiter is, say thefollowing.

"MayGodblessyou,Jupiter,blessedlord,whoisthegreaterfortune,warm and moist, equitable in all your works, affable, beautiful, wise,truthful, lord of truth and equality, far from all evil, merciful, lover of

thosewhoupholdreligionsandservethem,whothinkslittleofthethingsand vices of this world, delighting in religions and religious services,exaltedofmind,doerofgoodandfreeinyournature,highandhonoredinyourheaven,lawfulinyourpromisesandtrueinthefriendshipsyouhave.I conjure you first in the name of GodMost High who has given youpowerandspirit,andbyyourgoodwillandlovelyeffects,byyournobleandpreciousnature, thatyouwilldo suchandsuch forme."Herenameyourpetition. "Foryouare the sourceofallgoodandgoodness,and themaker of all good things. Therefore you hear all petitions that are ofgoodlyform."

There are other sages, however, who pray to Jupiter with differentprayers, and suffumigations, and their suffumigation ismade as follows.Takecommonfleabane,frankincense,nettletree,equalparts;threepartsofmyrrh, and two parts of clean raisins.Grind everything that needs to beground,mixittogetherwithwinethathasbeenagedformanyyears,andmakeintopillsthatcanbesavedforuse.Whentheworkingisdone,oneofthepillsistobeputinthethuribleaswehavesaidalreadyconcerningSaturn.Dressyourselfinthemannerofafriaroramonk,anduponyourneckplaceoneof thebooksofScripture.Gohumblyandmeekly to theplacewheretheworkingistobedone.Turnyourfacetowardtheheavens,towardthatpartwhereJupiteris,andsaythefollowing.

"O angel Raucayehil,[225] whomGod has set beside Jupiter! You,Jupiter,arethegreaterfortune,perfect,andthemakerofgoodandoftheperfectionofallthings.Youareperceptive,wise,andgreatofintellect,farfromallevilworksandallmaliceandturpitude.Iinvokeandcallyoubyall your names, which are, in Arabic Misteri,[226] in Latin Jupiter, inPersianBargis,[227]inRomanDermiz,inGreekRauz,[228]andinIndianHuazfat.[229]IconjureyoubythespiritsandpowersthatGodplacedinyou,bytheobediencewithwhichyouobeyHim,andbyyourvirtuesandmarvelouseffectsandbyyourgood,radiantandpurenature,thatyoudosuch and such for me." Here you should say your petition. Prostrateyourself to thegroundandpray,andrepeat theaforesaidoftenandmanytimes.Afterward,takeawhitelambandbeheaditandburnitcompletely,andeatitsliver.Thenitwillbeasyouhaveasked.

Thereareothers,however,whopraytoJupiterwithoutsuffumigatingsothattheymaybesafefromtempestsonthesea.ThussaidRhazes,inhisbook ofmetaphysics: to escape in time of peril on the sea, turn to faceJupiter,whenheisatthemidheaven,andsaythefollowing.

"Godblessyou,nobleplanet,exaltedstar,preciousandhonored! InyouGodplacedpowersandspiritsthataccomplishgood,andgiveformtothebodiesoftheuniverseastheyappearinthedivinelaw,andgivelife,andhelpthosewhosailthesea,andpreservetheirlives.Iaskyou,bythestrength thatGod put in you, that you grant your light and spirit tome,wherebyImaysavemyself,andcleanseandpurifymynature,sothatmyperceptionsandspiritmaybe illuminated,so thatImaybeable toknowandunderstandthings."Ifyourworkbeproperlyperformed,youwillseethesimilitudeofacandleburningbeforeyou,andifyoudonotseethis,youwill know thatyourworkingwasnotdonecorrectly.Repeat it untilyouseethecandleburningasjustmentioned,anditwillbeasyoudesire.

But theconsensusof thegreaternumberofsages is thatyoushouldface toward thepartof theheavenswhereJupiter is,andsay,"MayGodbless you, Jupiter, planet of perfect and noble nature, exalted, honored,precious, andbenign lord,warmandmoist andsimilar inyournature toair, equitable in your works, wise, truthful, lover of religion, wise andlearned and lover of thosewhobelieve andkeep the faith, ruler of truthandthelawoftruth,greaterfortune,shining,perfect,direct,equal,justinyourjudgments,pious,exalted,honored,disdainerof thesciencesof thisworld,exaltedofmind,greatlydelightingingrandandsublimethingsandthose that are of your nature andmind, faithful in speech and promises,true inyour friendships,perfect ingoodnessand far fromallmaliceandsin; pure onewho fearsGod, giver of the spirit of fortitude and lord ofgoodandtruelaws,farfromeveryevildeedandword(foryourthoughtand intention is to uphold the law with perceptiveness, gentleness,intelligenceandacuity),delighterinthewiseandinwisdom,interpreterofdreams,loverofthosewhoupholdreligion,sustainerofyourfriendsandthosewhoclingtothem,youwhotriumphtrulyanddirectly,delighterofkings,sublimemen,soldiersandrulers,gathererandaccumulatorofrichessothattheymaybegivenawayintheserviceofthepeopleandGodand

thatwhichpleasesHim,benefactorofhumanity,helperofthosewhoobeythelawsandcommandmentsofGod,keeperofpromisesandofthewordsof the law, lover of crowds and populous lands and populated places,helperofpiouspeopleandcommunities,keeperof fidelity,goodomens,words, beautiful affections, jests, laughter, long speeches, goodmannersandsense,loveroflyingwithwomeninaproperwayandaccordingtothelaws, abominator of all evil deeds opposed to the laws, distinguisher ofgood deeds towhichwe ought to attach ourselves; you command us toabhorwickeddeedsandkeepfarfromthem.

"MayGodblessyou,OplanetthatishelpedbyGod;toyouGodhasgivenpietyandgoodness.TopurespiritsworkingwithGodandlivinginhisservice,youdistributegoodthingsandkeepthemfromeveryevilandworldlythingbyyoursolicitude.Inthewavesofthestormyseas,youarethehelperof thosewhocall uponGod. I askyou, outofyourgoodnessaforesaid,toilluminateusandoursonsandourassociateswithyourlight,andtodeigntohelpwithyourhighandhonoredpowersandspirit,whichGodhasplacedinyou,thatbythisspiritwemaybeabletopreserveourbodiesandouractivities,andacquirewealth;andwemaybeable toputawayfromourselvesevilthoughts,sadness,andmisery;normaywehavemisery in thisworld,orsorrowful thoughts;but thatwemayliveagoodlifeingreatandperfectabundance,anddoworkspleasingtotheLordourGod;andthatbyyourpowersandspirityoumayfortifyourbodiessothatinhealth,withoutanyinfirmityorsuffering,theymaybemadetopreserveourlives,andallinfirmitiesandoccasionsofevilmaybekeptfarfromus.

"Infuse inus, sublime,nobleandexaltedspirit,yourvirtue, thatwemaytherebybehonoredbyallpeople,thattheymayholdusinreverenceandfear,andpleaseus,andfromthemandtheearthaswellasfromthoseofourpeoplewhoseektoharmus,wecandrawawaysothattheycannotdoanythingbytheirspeechoractionstocauseusharm.Letusalsodrawourselvesawayfromeveryevil thatmaybedonetousbyanypersonorbeast,andletusbeabletohavedivinegraceandyourlove,thatwemaybewhollyshelteredbyyourspiritandvirtue,anddefendusbyyourgoodandbeautifulshelter,andregardusbyafavorableaspect,andbythisletusbedefendedagainstallthisworld.Letthosewhospeakillofusandtheir

maledictions of every kind be helt far from us, and let their eyes bedarkened so that they cannot see our traps and deceptions, nor sayanythingevilofus,notseektodoanyharmtous,norbeabletoblameusforanyevildeedorword.By thenobleandexaltedvirtueofyourspiritmay we be defended and sheltered, and thus gaze upon the hearts andmindsofpeopleso thatall thosewhobeholdusshallbe terrifiedbyourappearance and be abashed, while by them we may be illuminated andhonoredas the raysof the sun,whichare exalted, sublime, andhonoredaboveeverythingofthisworld.

"Grantthehelpofyourstrengthandspirittous,sothatwemayhavethereby theperceptionand intelligence tounderstanddivine laws,and tobeabletokeepthemandbehelpedbythem,andthatwemaybepleasinguntoGodandreadytodohisservice,asweoughttobe.Soshelteruswiththestrengthofyourspiritthatwemaybehelpedanddefendedbyit,andbythedivineGod,ourLord,wemaybeabletoattainknowledge,andbyHisgracebeenabledtoenter therein;andmayHeprotectanddefendusfrom themaledictionsof theEarth,anddrawusaway from the tastesofthisworld,andsopurifyoursensesofthesuperfluitiesofnaturethattheymay be joined to the natural senses,[230] by which we may obtain thesublimeandexaltedknowledgeofGodandHisgrace.Byyourgoodandupright spirit, so guide and lead us that our spiritsmaybe cleansed andpurified of all superfluity and sin, and may be made clear, and remaininwardlyunshakenbyalltheeviltastesoftheworld,sin,andimpurity,andbeprotectedbyyourpowerandspirit,sothattheymayattaintothehighsourceofspiritandperception,andwiththespiritsoftheangelsanddivinegraceremaineternallyintheserviceofGod.

"Forbyyouourwillsarewithdrawnfromallcorruptiblethings,thatwemay attain to eternal things.ButmayGod inHismercy pardon andremitour sins,misdeeds,andmaledictions, thatour spiritbeunitedwiththethingssimilartoHimanddividedfromthingscontrarytoHim,thatwemaybeable tounderstand,withoutanyconfusion,ournature,our formsand figures, and our proper names, that we may be able to rest in ourspiritsfromallmisery.Cleanseourspiritsfromallthejuicesofnature,andin thisway grant thatwemay be able to obtain the good things of this

worldaswellasthenext.Amen."ForIinvokeyoubyallyournames,thatis,inArabic,Misteri;[231]

in Persian, Bargis;[232] in Latin, Jupiter; in Roman, Harmiz;[233] inGreek,Biuz;[234] that youmay listen tomyprayer andhearmywords,and thatyouwilldeign to fulfillmypetition. Iconjureyouby thenameRaubeil [Rufija'il], who is the angel whom God placed beside you tocompletethevirtuesandpowersofyourspiritandyoureffects;andbythenames[235] Deryes, Ahatyz, Mahaty, Darquiz, Themiz, Carueyiz,Dehedeyz, Carnaduyz, Deme, and by the oldest works of the world,ancient and exalted above all others,which iswithout beginningor end,andistheprincipleofallthings.Byallthesenames,then,Iconjureyou,thatyoumay listen to theprayer Ihave spokenand tomy requests, andfulfillthepetitionIhavemadetoyou,andpurifymymindtowardyou.Iaskyouforthesefewandlimitedthingsforusonaccountofthefragilityofournatureandourdeeds,and I return inallmydoings toyouand toyourspirit,whichcleansesandpurifiesmymindtowardyou,anddisposesme toward you, that with humility and benevolence what I ask will begranted,andthatImaybepreservedbyyournameandspirit.ForIknowandunderstandyour lordshipandpower, andamobedient to them.Mayyouhearmyprayerandwords,onaccountofyourgoodness,andhearallmy petitions, so that theymay bemade bymewithout any defect, andthosewhichinourpetitionwehaveforgottentoaskfor,youwilldeigntofulfill.

"Grantusashareinyourgoodnessandnobility,andprotectuswithyour spirit and thehonored lightofyournoblemind, so that therebywemayhavethepowerbywhichwemaymakeallourdealingsupright,andcome into wealth. Draw us and our means away from the cravings ofpeople, that therebywemay acquire the love of the people, so that ourdealingswiththemmaybewellreceived,andthattheymaybeobedienttoour judgmentsandallourcommands.Maywebeable togain thegraceandfavorofkingsandoutstandingmenandevenourenemies,andhavethereputationofbeinguprightandhonestinallourdeedsandwords;andletusperceive inourhearts thepleasuresandvicesof theworld.Mayitpleaseyoutofulfillallthepetitionswehavealreadymadebyyourmight

andtheprecious,noble,andexaltedspiritwhichGodhasplacedinyoutoaccomplish good and to have pity on creatures and to distribute therequirementsoflifetothepeopleoftheworld.

"Iaskyoubyyourpity,andbyyourgreatandhonorednobility,andyournobleandpreciousdeedsand the lightyouhave received fromourGod,who is theLord of theUniverse, that youmay hear this prayer ofmine,and turn towardme,andgrantwhat is inmyheartandmindeventhough I donotbring it forth in speech.Grantvirtue and intelligence tome,byyourpowersandspirit,sothatImayknowthatmypetitiontoyouhasbeenwellreceived,andrevealthatyouwillhelpusaccordingtoyourpity, so thatcaresandsorrowmaybecutoff fromus.Grant tous, fromyourenduringgoodfortune,goodfortunethatwillendurewithusforalltime. For I conjure you by your names and your pity, goodness, andnobility,thatyoumaybemyadvocateinthepresenceoftheLordourGod,the Precious One and Lord of the Universe, that my petition may beeffectuallyfulfilled,andImayeasilyandwithouteffortorsorrowobtainallthatIseek;andalsoreceivegracefromkingsandrulersoftheearthandpowersintheearthandallrationalandirrationalcreatures.Iconjureyouby theLord ourGod,who alone isGod in thisworld, theworld that isgone, and theworld that is to come, that Imay ask from you and yournoble powers all that my prayer seeks, that you may receive completeblessings from the Lord of the Universe, and grace unto the age of theages. Amen. And having a pure and blessedmind toward the Lord ourGod,Amen."

Now the sages who are experienced in this science have said ofwhoeverdoes theforegoingworkingaswehave justdescribedit,sayingeverything that we have hitherto said, that the virtue and power of thespiritofJupiterwillreachouttohim,andallhispetitionswillbefulfilledintheworld,andfor thewholecircleof thatyearhewillbehealthyandsafefromharminhisbody,withoutdetrimentorinfirmity,andallpeoplewill be obedient to him, and everything that he proposes to do will beaccomplishedeasily, effectually anddiligently, andhewill bewelcomedbypeople everywhere, especially if Jupiter is strong in his nativity.Youshouldknowthat themorehumblyandgentlyyouproceedwhenyoudo

theforegoingworking,thebetteritwillbe,whilekeepingyourmindpureand clean andwithdrawn from all things of thisworld, neither thinkingabout mundane matters nor occupied by anything except the workingitself. Prostrate yourself to the ground, turning your face toward Jupiterandmaking your prayer humbly, and youwill have great help fulfillingyourpetitionsinallthings.

When you wish to pray toMars.When you wish to askMars forsomething,andspeaktohimandhonorhim,puthiminagoodconditionaswehavesaidbeforeconcerningSaturn.Dressyourselfinredgarments,andputaredlinenorsilkclothonyourheadaswellasaredskullcap,andhangaswordfromyourneck,andarmyourselfwithalltheweaponsyoucancarry;anddressyourself in themannerofa soldierora fighter,andputabronze[236]ringonyourfinger.Takeabronzethuriblewithburningcharcoal,inwhichyoushouldputthefollowingsuffumigation.

Takewormwood,aloes,squill,spurge,longpepper,andwatercressinequal amounts. Grind them up andmix themwith human blood.Makepills of this,which youmay set aside for use.When youwish to beginworking,putoneof themintothethurible,whichyouhavebroughtwithyoutoaremoteplacespeciallysetasideforthisworking.Whenyouhavearrived there, stand upright on your feet and speak secretly, boldly, andwithout any fear, facing the south, Mars being fortunate and in goodconditionaswehavesaidalreadyabouttheotherplanets,andthesesamerulesshouldalwaysbeobserved.Asthesmokerises,saythefollowing.

"OMars, youwho are a honored lord and are hot and dry,mighty,weighty,firmofheart,spillerofbloodandgiverofillnessesthereto!Youare strong, hardy, acute, daring, shining, agile, and the lord of battler,pains,miseries,wounds,prisons,sorrows,andmixedandseparatedthings,who has no fear or contemplation of anything, sole helper in all youreffects and in investigations thereof, strong in calculation and will toconquer and to seek after fortune, cause of lawsuits and battles, doer ofevil to theweakand thestrong, loverof thesonsofbattle,vindicatorofwicked people and those who do evil in the world. I ask of you andconjureyoubyyournamesandyourqualitiesthatexistinheaven,andbyyour slayings, and also by your petitions to the Lord God who placed

power and strength in you, gathering them in you and separating themfromotherplanetsthatyoumighthavestrengthandpower,victoryoverallandgreatvigor.

"Iaskyoubyallyournames,whichare:inArabic,Marech;[237]inLatin, Mars; in Persian, Baharam;[238] in Roman, Bariz; in Greek,Hahuez;[239]andinIndian,Bahaze.[240]IconjureyoubytheHighGodof theUniverse, thatyoumayhearmyprayerandattend tomypetition,andfurthermoreseemyhumilityandfulfillmypetition.Iaskthatyouwilldosuchandsuchforme."Heresaywhateveryourpetitionmaybe.Thensay:"IconjureyoubyRaucahehil,[241]whoistheangelwhomGodhassetbesideyoutocompleteyouraffairsandeffects."Always,whenyousaytheforegoing,thesmokefromthethuribleshouldcontinuetorise,andyoushouldrepeattheforegoingmanytimes,andaskforwhatyouwish.Thenbeheadaleopard,ifyoucangetone,andifnot,amouse,whichwhenyouhavebeheaded it, you shouldburn it aswehavealready said forothers,andeatitsliver.Thatwhichyoudesireshallbeaccomplished.

Butwhenyouwant toaskfor thereturnofsomethingthathasbeentakenfromyoubyanenemy,oranenemyhasdoneevil toyouandyouwanttobeavengedonhim,armyourselfwithweaponsanddressyourselfaswe have already said, and go to a place as noted above carrying thethurible and suffumigation with you. As the smoke rises, say thefollowing:

"OMars,who is of the nature of ardent flame, author ofwars andlabors,whopressesdowntheexaltedandhurls themfromtheirdignitiesandestates;igniteroffury,wrath,andillwillintheheartsofthewicked;maker ofmortality, killingof people byone another, sheddingof blood,and incestwithwomen, andcauseof the sublimity andelevationofonepersonoveranother,andofoffenseanddefense!Iasknowthatyouprotectanddefendme,whoisunitedwithyouinallthesethings.Youarestrong,hotandpowerfulinyourworks,nordoyoudrawbackfromwhateveryouseekandrequire. Iaskyoubyallyournames,manners,works,motions,andwaysthatareinyourheaven,byyourlightandyourdominionandthevirtueofyourrealm,thatyouwillattendtomeandhearmypetition.

"Ihavebeenvanquishedbysuchandsuchaperson,whooutofhis

prideandwillfulnesscausedandsought tocause iniquity tome.Youarethecommanderofallthosewhoturntoyou,youenactandfulfillpetitionsmadetoyou.Iaskyoubythelight,strength,andpowerplacedinyoubyGod, theLordofall theworld, thatyoumaysendonefromamongyourfuries against thismy enemy so that hemaybe separated fromme, anddirecthis thoughtsso thathemaynot remembermeor thinkofme,andsendagainsthimpainsandmiseriesandgreatvengeanceandharmofsuchakindthatIwillbeabletoreceivefromhimwhathetookfromme,andthat his hands and feetmay be cut off byme, and that hemay receiveeveryevilandmiseryfromme,aswellasthewrathandfuryoftheking;thathisbodyandhiswealthalikebegivenbymetothievesandrobbers;andlethimsufferinhisbodyfromsoresandfeversandblindnessofhiseyesanddeafnessofhisears;andletallhissensesbedestroyedsothatheismadeblind,deaf,andmute,andcontractedinallhislimbs;andgivetohim pains and protracted miseries, and spoil food and drink and everyflavor for him; and let himbedeprivedof life, and inflict onhimeverykindofmiseryandpain;andonhisbody,wealth,children,andassociatesinflictvengeance,andthewrathandfuryoftheking;pouroutonhimtheenmityofhisneighborsandhisparents,andletthieveshavehislordshipand lands, and pursue himwherever he goes by land or sea. Let all theaforesaidbeeffectuallyaccomplished, thathemaybehurleddown fromhisofficeandestate.

"You it is who are the doer of strong, furious, and evil works. Iconjureyoubyyourstrengthsandbyyourevilandstrongeffectsonthosewhochange,alterandcorruptallgeneratedthings,andonthosewhoactagainstmarinersanddoeviltopeople,andallwholaborintheseworksofyours.IconjureyouthatyoumaylistentomypetitionandIaskthatyouwill be strong to fulfill it and that you pour outmymisery and the evilworks that themanaboutwhomIpray toyouhasdone tome. IconjureyoubyRaubeyl,[242]whoistheangelwhomtheGodoftheUniversesetbeside you to complete all your effects and potencies. I conjure you byyourspirit,thatspiritwhichcondemnssailorsonthesea,andbythepowerthat you pour out into the hearts of furiousmen and lovers ofwar, andslayers of one another, and thosewho enter into arduous deeds and the

bitterestofwars.ByallthisIconjureyouthatyouwillhearmyprayeranddirectyourattentiontomyaffairs,andgrantthestrengthofyourspirittome, who has set out the prayer you hear; and may you receive perfecthonor from God, who is the Lord of all the Universe. You are thecommanderofgoodandofgoodevents,andthedoerandmakerofevils,inflictingpainsandmiseriesonthosewhodeservethem.Amen.Amen.

"I furthermore conjure you by the names[243] Dayadeburz,Hayaydez, Handabuz, Maharaz, Ardauz, Beydehydiz, Mahydebiz,Deheydemiz,byallwhich Iconjureyou thatyouwillgrantmypetition,andattendtomyrequests,andhavepityuponmylamentationsandtears,and heal my injuries, and protect and defend me from the malice andtreacheryofthispersonandotherswhoseektodoharmytome.IconjureyoubythehighGodoftheentirefirmament,theLordofgreatpoweranddominion,nameroftheprophetsandthelordofgood,giverofalllifeonEarth,whocreatedlifeanddeath,endandpersistence.Heindeeditiswhoremainsandenduresfortheinfiniteageofages,withoutbeginningorend;byHimIconjureyouthatinthishourandtimeyouwillfulfillmypetition.Amen."

Repeat thesewordsmany times, saying themover thesmokeof thethurible, and your intention will be fulfilled. If you behead one of thebeastsofMarsmentionedaboveandburnitinthefireanddowithitasisdonewith the others, youwill be themore certain to haveyour petitionfulfilled.

To avengeyourself on an enemy.The ancient sages used to do thisworkinginthepropermannertothestarofvengeance,whichisnearthepole: that is,Benethnays,[244]which belongs to the constellation of theGreatBear.Theymadetheirprayerinthefollowingmanner.

When you have an enemywho does evil to you or seeks to do thesame,andyouwishtosendhimpainandmiserysothathewillnolongerthinkofyou,sothatyoumaybeabletoavengeyourselfbythisworking,gointoahousethatyouhaveconstructedforthispurpose,andfacethepartof heaven where Benethnays then is. Cast the suffumigation describedbelowontotheburningcoalsinthethurible.Whilethesmokerisestowardtheworldabove,saythefollowing.

"MayGodblessyou,greatBenethnays,youwhoareexaltedinyourplaceandbeautifulinthefirmament.IcallandconjureyoubythepowerthatGod,thefounderofallthings,hasplacedinyou,thatyouwillsendtosuch and such a person, a spirit that will enter into his body in such amannerthathisbodywillbeboundandknottedupsothatallhismemberswillbeaccursedandallhissensesreturnedtonothingness,sothatheshallaltogetherlacksight,hearing,andeverysensation,motion,speech,eating,drinking, delight in anything, and life itself, and that you, O starBenethnays,mayhurlhimdowntodeathandpouroutonhimeverykindofmisery,ineverypartofhim;lethiseyesbeholdonlylaborandsorrow,thewrathandfuryofkingsandthevictoryofhisenemiesandofwildanddomesticbeasts;commandhimtosuffermalevolencefromhisneighborsandparents,andsendharshandmanifestvengeanceswiftlyuponhiminall things;destroyhisbodyandhouse,destroyhimbycastinghimdownfromhighplaces,makehiseyesstartfromhishead,breakhishandsandfeet,destroyallhismembers,andinflictuponhimthestrongestandmostextrememiseries and the harshest punishments that a human being cansuffer;turnhimawayfromtheGodofmercyandpity,norhaveanypityuponhim,norremoveanyimpedimentfromhim;andallthatIhavesaid,doswiftly.

"MymindisfreelysetonyouonaccountofthegreatinjuriesIhavesustainedfromhimandtheevil thathehasdoneandsought todotomewithout any reasonable cause. You are the star that effectuallyaccomplishespetitionsandsupplicationsmade toyou,andprotects thosewhohaverecoursetoyou.ThereforeIaskyoutopouroutyourpowerandspiritontheaforementionedpersonwithgreatfuryandwrath,andsendallthe aforesaid punishments on him swiftly, that he may have pains,miseries,andgreatsorrows,andbemaltreatedanddespisedbyeveryonewhoseeshim,andpouroutonhimgreatinfirmitiesandsorrowsinallhismembers,andinflictchangesuponhimsothathesuffersallthepainsandmiseries Ihavedescribed toyou. I thereforeconjureyoubyyourpowerandspiritthatyouwillremembermypetition,andmournformytears,andgrant tomeyour spirit, power, andunderstanding, that Imayknow thatyouhaveeffectuallyheardmypetition.IlikewiseconjureyoubyGodof

the great firmament and exalted powers, and by Him, that is, who hasdominionandpowerover all creaturesofheavenandearth,who isGodhimself,tohearmypetition,andInowaskyoutoaccomplishitpunctuallyby the name of thatHighLordwho isGod, and byHis power andHisvirtue, that you accomplishmy petition and closely considermy speechandwords."

Whenyouhavesaidall theprecedinginthisway,prostrateyourselftotheground,andrepeatthesamewordsmanytimes.Dothiscontinuallywhile thesmokerises fromthesuffumigation,which ismadeas follows.Takestorax,nutmeg,holly,andaloeswood,oneounceeach,andspikenardandmastic,threeounceseach.Grinditallandmixitwiththebestwine,andmake pills of it.Youmay set it aside to usewhenever youwant toworkwiththepolarstars.

WhenyouwanttopraytotheSun.WhenyouwanttopraytotheSunandaskanythingfromhim,suchasaskingforgracefromtheking,andthefriendshipoflords,andlordshipsandhowtoacquirethem,maketheSunfortunateandputhimon theascendant,anddo this inhisdayandhour.Dress yourself in royal vestments of yellow and golden silk, and put acrownofgoldonyourhead,andlikewiseagoldenringonyourfinger,andequipyourself in themannerof thegreatmenof theChaldeans,becausethe Sun is the lord of their ascension. Go into a house set apart anddedicatedtothiswork,andplaceyourrighthandonyourleft,andfacetheSunwithamodestandhumbleexpression,thewaythetimidandmodestlook. Take a thurible of gold and a handsome rooster whose neck isbeautiful,andonitsneckputalittleburningcandlewhichissetontopofasinglepieceofwoodthesizeofthepalmofyourhand.Inthefireinthethuribleput the suffumigation,whichwillbedescribedbelow.When theSun rises, turn the rooster to face him, and with the smoke ascendingcontinuallyfromthethurible,saythefollowing.

"Youwhoarethefoundationofheavenandareexaltedaboveallthestars andall theplanets, holy and reverend, I ask thatyoumayhearmypetition,andgranttomethegraceandfriendshipofsuchandsuchakingandotherkingsaswell.IconjureyoubyHimwhogaveyoulightandlife.You are the light of theworld. I invoke you by all your names: that is,

Arabic,Yazemiz;[245]inLatin,Sol;inChaldean,Maher;[246]inRoman,Lehuz;[247] in Indian,Araz.[248]You are the light of theworld and itsillumination;youstand in themiddleof theplanets.You it iswhocausegenerationintheworldbyyourvirtueandheat;fromyoursublimeplace.Iaskyouforyourexaltationandwill,thatyoumaydeigntohelpmesothatthiskingandcertainotherkingsof thisworldshallputmeinanexaltedandsublimeposition,thatImayhavedominionandexaltationjustasyouarethelordoftheotherplanetsandthestars,whoreceivetheirlightandillumination from you. I ask you who are the foundation of the wholefirmament, thatyouwillhavepityuponme,and listen to thewordsandprayers I say to you."While the smoke rises, you should say the abovewords.

The suffumigation that is necessary for this work, however, is thatwhichwe call the hermits' suffumigation, and this suffumigation (as theancientsagessay)hasgreatandmarvelouseffects.Itiscompoundedof31spices,anditscompositionisasfollows.

Take common fleabane, bdellium, myrrh, opium, elecampane, andcicely,7oz.each;nettle tree, lavender,andpeeledpinenuts,3oz.each;orris root, cardomel, cardamom, aromatic calamus, frankincense, andmace, 5 oz. each; dried roses, saffron, spikenard, caper root, andcinquefoil, 4 oz. each; aromatic coltsfoot, balsam grains, andmother ofthyme,9oz.each;1oz.ofsquill;2lbs.eachcucumberseed,cardamom,terebinth, powdereddates, andpeeled raisins; and5 lbs. clarifiedhoney.Grind everything that needsgrinding,mixwith thebestwine, andmakeinto pills; and reserve these for the operations of theSun, suffumigatingwiththemwhenyoupraytheaforesaidprayertotheSun.Whenyouhavefinished, behead the rooster and eat its liver. Do everything aswe havesaidelsewhere,andyouwillhaveyourdesire.

The suffumigation and prayer of the Sun, however, may be donebetterinthisway.Dressyourselfinclothesofthekindalreadymentionedand prepare yourself in the way we have described above,and put thefollowing suffumigation in the fire of the thurible. Take saffron, storax,frankincense,nutmeg,litharge,wildpomegranateflower,aloeswood,andsaxifrageinequalparts.Powderandmixthem,andmakepillswhichyou

maysetasideforuse.Whenyoudotheworking,putoneofthepillsontheburningcoalsofthethurible.Whilethesmokerises,saythefollowing.

"May God bless you, Sun, you who are fortunate and the greaterfortune,hotanddry, luminous,resplendent,noble,beautiful,exalted,andhonoredkingoverallthestarsandplanets.Powerofbeauty,subtlety,gooddisposition,truth,wisdom,knowledgeandriches,whichbyyourvirtueareacquired,andinyouaremadestrong.Youarethelordofthesixplanets,which are governed by yourmotion, and you reign over them and havekingshipandlordshipoverthem,andtheyareobedienttoyouanddependonyouraspect,sothatwhentheirmotionisconjoinedwithyours,atonce,obedient to you, they overflow with your light; and when they arecorporeally conjunct with you their rays are consumed, and they arewhollyconcealedbyyourface,andallofthemshinebyyourlight,virtueandsplendor.Youhavepowerover themall.Youareking,and theyarevassals.Yougive lightandpower to themall,and theyreceivefortunateinfluencesfromyouanddofortunatethingswhentheyaspectyouwithafavorable aspect, and when they aspect you with an unfortunate aspect,they lose their fortunate influences and become infortunes. No one canpossiblyperceiveallyourgoodandnoblequalities,whichare infinite toourintellects."

Whenyouhavemade theforegoingallocution in thisway,prostrateyourself to the ground facing the Sun, and repeat the foregoing wordsmanytimes.MakeasacrificeofsomeanimaloftheSunaccordingtowhatwehavesaidaboutthesuperiorplanets,andyouwillhaveyourdesire.

AnotherprayertotheSun,whichthesagessayisforkings,powerfulpeople, and exalted people when they have been separated from theirpower and realms andwish to return to their original estate.When youwishtodoaworkingforthisorasimilarpurpose,firstputScorpioontheascendant,withtheSunforminganaspecttoMars.Takeathuribleofgold,andputburningcoalswithit;andholdgrainsofamberthesizeofafavabean in your hand, and cast them into the fire of the thurible one afteranother. As the smoke rises toward the Sun (that is, when he is in themiddleofthesky),turntowardhimandsaythefollowing.

"OSun,youwhoarethesourceofriches,theincrementofpower,the

lifeofdecoration, therootofexaltationandthebeginningofeverygoodthing!Iplaceallmywillonyou,andwithitplacemyselfwhollyinyourhands.Ibeseechyouonaccountofmydeclineandfallandthediminutionofmypower,andbecausepeoplerejoiceovermeanddonot respectmeaccordingtomyestate.IconjureyoubytheexaltedLordGod,whoisthemoverofyourmovementsandthegiverofyourpower,bywhomyouareabletocompleteyouracts,andbytheobediencewithwhichyouobeythesame Lord, and by the reason you have to help and save by projectingyourselfandyourwill(thatis,tothosewhopraytoyouandsupplicateyouwithacleanandunblemishedwill) andby thedominionandpower thattheLordhas givenyou above all other planets, that youhearken tome,and freemymind, and remove from it troubled and sorrowful thoughts,and restore me to my power, estate, and lands, and grant that one inparticular of the people of thisworld shall fall undermy obedience anddomination; for you are worthy to distribute your power, fortitude,exaltation,andnobility,bywhichIshallhavefortuneandpowertoworkuponallthingssothattheymaybeobedientuntome.

"I conjure you by your concealed and hidden nobilities, and by thehelp that you have in ordering motions, and by the influence, power,strength,andworksthatyouhaveinthegenerationofthingsintheworld,and by your pity which touches the poor, and by your fortune whichtouches the great, and by your fidelity and lawfulness which you havetowardtheLordGod,whogivespowertoyou,andbyyourdutytohelpthosewho flee toyouandcall toyou, andby thepathsandpassagesofheavenwhichhaveno similitudeonEarth, that youhearmyprayer andunderstandmyrequestandlistentomywordsandeffectuallyaccomplishmypetition.Allthosewhohaveacleanandunblemishedmindtowardyouwillhaveperfectsalvation."

Say this while wearing the clothing that we have described above,standingwithyourfacetowardtheSun,andobservingalltheotherthingstouchedonearlier,youwillhaveyourdesire.

Whenyouwant topray toVenus.Whenyouwant topray toVenusandaskherforsomethingamongthosethingsthatpertaintoher,seethatshe is far from the infortunes, direct and not retrograde, and in good

condition.Thendressyourselfandadornyourselfinoneoftwomanners,of which the best is the garments and ornaments of the exaltedmen ofArabia.[249]Dressyourselfinwhitegarments,andwearawhiteclothonyour head, which is their sign. The other manner is to adorn yourselfentirely as awoman.Dress yourself in a long garment of silk and goldmixed together, precious and beautiful, and on your headwear a crownornamentedwith pearls and precious stones, and on your hand a goldenringornamentedwithapearl,andgoldenbraceletsonyourwrists;andinyourrighthandholdamirror,andinyourleftcarryacomb.Placebeforeyou a jug ofwine, and sprinkle your garmentswith powdered aromaticspicesandsweet-smelling thingsandnutmeg,aswomendo.Thentakeathurible of gold alloyed with silver, and put burning coals into it; ontotheseput thesuffumigationwewilldescribeshortly.As thesmokerises,saythefollowing.

"MayGodblessyou,OVenus,youwhoarequeenandfortune,andare cold and moist, equitable in your effects and complexion, pure andlovely and sweetly scented, beautiful and ornate. You are the lady ofadornment, of gold and silver; you delight in love, joy, ornaments andjests,elegance,songsandmusicthataresungorplayedonstrings,writtenmusic and songs played on organs, games and comforts, rest and love.[250]Inyoureffectsyouremainequal.Youtakedelightinwine,rest,joy,lyingwithwomen,forinalloftheseyournaturaleffectsconsist.Iinvokeyoubyallyournames:thatis,inArabic,Zohara;[251]inLatin,Venus;inPersian, Anyhyt;[252] in Roman, Affludita;[253] in Greek, Admenita;[254]inIndian,Sarca.[255]IconjureyoubytheLordGod,thelordofthehighest firmament, and by the obedience you offer to God, and by thepower and lordship He has over you, that you listen tomy prayer, andconsider my petition, and do such and such for me." Here speak yourpetition."AndIconjureyoubyBeyteyl,[256]whoisthatangelwhomGodhassetbesideyoutocompleteallyourpowersandeffects."

Whenyouhave said the foregoing, prostrate yourself to the groundtowardVenus,andrepeattheforegoingwhileyouremainprostratetotheground. Then raise yourself up and repeat the foregoing words again.Whenthisisdone,beheadapigeonandaturtle-dove,andeattheirlivers;

their bodies are to be burned in the thurible that has already beenmentioned.Whileyoudotheaforesaid,letthesuffumigationbeinthefireof the thurible.Thecompositionof this suffumigation is this.Takealoeswood,gall,costus,saffron,opium,mastic,poppyhulls,willowleaves,andorris root in equal parts. Grind them all andmix themwith rosewater;makefromthispillsthesizeofafavabean,whichyoucastintothefireofthethuriblewhenyouperformthisworkingasdescribedabove.

A prayer to Venus for love. You can also create love between twopeople and between husband and wife in this way. Dress and adornyourselfaswehavesaidabove,andseethattheconditionofVenusandtheother planets is as described above, and put into the fire the followingsuffumigation. Take gall and long pepper, 5 oz. each, and raisins,frankincense, andmastic, 3 oz. each.Grind themall andmix themwithrainwater,andmakepillsthesizeofafavabean,whichyouthrowonthecoalsoneafteranother,andsoonuntilyoureachtheendoftheworking,norshouldthesmokebeabsentatanypointduringtheworking.Whilethesmokerises,say:

"O Venus, you who are the spirit of live and the ordainment offriendship and the adornment of conjunction! From you proceeds thepower of enjoyment and love, and from you flow good friendship andmutualdelightamongpeople,andfromyou,havingbeenaccumulatedbyyou, the spirits of good desires and evil desires redound. From youproceeds the root of the conjunction of love between men and women.From you is the root of generation. You draw the spirit of one persontoward another, and by you they are united; by love their spirits aredisposed toward one another, and by your virtue love is generated. OVenus,youwhoarelovely,youwhogivethevirtueoftheconjunctionoflove,bywhichyoudesirethosewhoseekyou!

"Ibeseechyoubyyournames,andbythesublimeandexaltednameofGod,who created you andmoves you in your heaven, that youmaylistentomyprayerandpetition,concerningtheillwillthatsuchandsucha person has andwishes to have towardme, and themisery, labor, andsorrowthatarefromtheir[257]enmityandillwill,andthathavedivertedgood things fromme, this is the reasonwhy I am conquered. I ask and

supplicate thatyouturn theaforesaidpersontowardme,alongwith theirloveandfriendship,andIaskthatyousendyourspiritsandpowersuponthemandtheirspirit,andupontheessenceoftheirspirit,theirspeech,andalltheirspiritandthoughtsbedirectedtowardme;andmovethembythismovementandpowertowardme,asthoughbythemovementofflameandthepowerofimpetuouswinds.Iconjureyouandyourspirits,youwhoaretrue in your friendships and loves, and lovely and firm in yourassociations; your spirits, who bring about loves and conjunctions andmovethepowerofdelightsandvicesinspiritsandbringaboutlove,byallthese Iconjureyou thatyouwillhearandattend to thismypetitionandprayer.

"IlikewiseconjureyoubyBeyteyl,[258]whoistheangelwhomtheLord our God has set beside you to fulfill your powers and effects. Iconjureyoualsobyyourspirit,withwhichyouhavestrengthandpotencyinyourworks.Iconjureyoubyyourlightandradiance,thatyoupourintotheir heart and thoughts the desire for enjoyments, vices and loves, thatyouattendtomyaffairsandfulfillmypetition,sothatyouwillfulfillallthat I have desired from you and transmit to me a share in your light,potency,andlove,bywhichIwillbeabletoperceivedthatmypetitionhasbeen heard by you. For it is youwho joins hearts,who unites love andbenevolence, who combines, who brings about joy, solace, and delight,thatyoumayhavecompleteandperfectsalvationineternity.Amen."

Whenyouhavesaidanddonetheaforesaidasgivenabove,sacrificeawhitedoveandeat its liver.Burntherestof it,savetheashes,andputthem in the food of anyone you wish; you will be well loved by thatperson.

When you want to pray to Mercury. When you want to pray toMercuryandaskhimforoneofthepetitionsthatpertaintohim,suchaspetitionsofscribesandregenciesofkings,dressyourselfinthegarmentsof a notary and scribe, when the Moon is conjunct with Mercury, andproceedinallyouractionsasthoughyouwereascribe.Onyourfingerputa ringof fixedmercury,[259] becausewith such a ringHermes thewiseusedtowork.Sitonachairofthekindthatschoolmastersuse,andturntoface Mercury, holding a piece of paper in your hands as though you

intended towrite on it.Have the proper suffumigation and a thurible offixed mercury full of fire, in which you put the suffumigation. As thesmokerises,say:

"May God bless you, good lord Mercury, you who are truthful,perceptive,intelligent,andthesageandinstructorofeverykindofwriting,arithmetic,computation,andscienceofheavenandearth!Youareanoblelord and temperate in your joys, the lord and sustainer and subtleinterpreterofwealth,business,money,andprofoundperceptions.Youarethe dispositor and significator of prophecy and prophets and theirperceptions, reasoning and doctrine, apprehending diverse sciences; ofsubtlety, intelligence, philosophy, geometry, the sciences of heaven andearth, divination, geomancy andpoetry; ofwriting, rhetoric, keenness ofthe senses, profundity in all professions and actions, quickness, theconversionofonebusiness intoanother,making thingsclearorclean;ofsustaining and helping people andmaking them content withwhat theyhave;ofpiety,perception, tranquility, avertingevil, andofgood religionandhumanlaw.Youhaveconcealedyourselfbyyoursubtletyso thatnooneelsecanpossiblyknowyournatureordetermineyoureffects.

"You are fortunate with fortunes and unfortunate with infortunes,masculine with masculine planets and feminine with feminine ones,diurnalwithdiurnalplanetsandnocturnalwithnocturnalones;youexistandharmonizewiththeminalltheirnatures,andyouconformyourselftotheminalltheirforms,andyoutransmuteyourselfintoalltheirqualities.Therefore I call on you and invoke you by all your names, that is, inArabic, Hotarit;[260] in Latin, Mercurius; in Roman, Haruz;[261] inPersian,Tyr;[262] in Indian,Meda;[263] I conjure you above all by thehighLordGod,whois thelordof thefirmamentandof therealmof theexaltedandgreat;byHimIconjureyou,thatyouwillreceivemypetition,andgrant tome thatwhich Iask,andpourout thepowersofyourspirituponme,bywhichIshallbemadestrong,andbeabletohavemypetitionfulfilled, andbemade apt anddisposed to gain knowledge andwisdom.Makemebelovedandwell receivedbysuchandsuchkingsandexaltedmen,makemeexaltedandhonoredbyallpeoplesandkings,thatImaybegivensecrets,thattheymayreceivemywordseffectuallyandhaveneedof

me, and seek from me knowledge and wisdom in writing, arithmetic,astrology anddivination.Workonme in such away and so disposemethat by all these things I may receive profit and wealth, honors andexaltations before kings and exalted persons, and all that I am able toreceive.

"ThusIconjureyoubyArquyl,[264]whoistheangelwhomGodhassetbesideyoutocompleteyouractsandworks,thatyouwillreceivemypetitionandhearmyprayerandattend tomyrequestsandfulfill them.Iaskalsothatyouhelpandstrengthenmewithyourspirit,andjoinmebyyour spirit and power to the affection of kings, and aid me to attainknowledgeandwisdombyyourvirtue,andbyyourassistancesohelpmethat Imayknowwhat I donot know, and canunderstandwhat I donotunderstand,andcanseewhatIdonotsee,andremovemefromnecessityandall thatdecreasesunderstandingand leads todivisionand illness, sothat Imayattain to the levelof thesublimeancient sages (those, that is,who had knowledge and understanding in their spirits and minds), andsendtomyspirityourpowerandspirit,inordertoelevateme,andmakemeattain to theaforesaidstate,anddirectme inknowledgeandwisdomandinallmydeeds,thatImayhavegraceandpowerbyservingkingsandexaltedpeople,and in thiswayacquirewealthand treasures,andswiftlyfulfill thismypetition.ThereforeIconjureyoubytheLordGod, lordofthe high firmament and the realm of power, that you may receive mypetitionandeffectuallyfulfillallthethingsthatIhaveaskedofyou."

When you have said all of the foregoing, prostrate yourself to theground towardMercury,humblyanddevotedly,and repeat the foregoingprayeronce.Then raiseyourhead, andbeheada rooster thathasa largecomb, and burn it in the way described earlier, and eat its liver. Thesuffumigationthatistobeburntiscompoundedinthisway:takenutsoftheholm-oak,cumin,drycloves,myrtleroots,bitteralmondbark,acacia,tamariskgrains,grapevine roots,andsquill, all inequalparts.Grindandmixwithpureanddelicatewine,makeintopills,andsavethemforuse.

WhenyouwanttopraytotheMoon.WhenyouwanttopraytotheMoon and ask her for any of those things that pertain to her, dress asthoughyouwereachild, andhavewithyou things that smellgood, and

hold a silver ring in your hand, and be quick in your movements andactions,andspeakelegantly,well,andpunctually.Carryinfrontofyouathuribleofsilver.Inthefourteenthdayofthelunarmonth,whentheMoonisabovetheearthandaspectingthefortuneswithafavorableaspect,washyourface,turntowardtheMoon,andsaythefollowing.

"May God bless you, O Moon, you who are the blessed lady,fortunate,coldandmoist,equitableandlovely.Youarethechiefandthekeyofalltheotherplanets,swiftinyourmotion,havinglightthatshines,ladyofhappinessandjoy,ofgoodwords,goodreputation,andfortunaterealms.Youarealoverofthelawandacontemplatorofthethingsofthisworld,subtleinyourcontemplations.Joy,songs,andjestsyoutakedelightin and love; you are the lady of ambassadors and messengers and theconcealerofsecrets.Freeandpreciousone,youarecloser tousthantheother planets, you are larger than all andmost luminous; you are apt togoodandevil,youjointheplanetstogether,youcarrytheir light,andbyyour goodness you rectify all things whatsoever. All the things of thisworkdareadornedbyyourbeautyandaccursedbyyourcurse.Youarethebeginningofallthingsandyouaretheendthereof.ThusIcalltoyouandIconjureyoubyCelan[265],whoistheangelwhomGodsetbesideyoutocomplete all your effects, that you will take pity on me, and hear mypetition,andbythehumilitywhichyoubeartowardourLordMostHighandHiskingdom,thatyouwillhearmeinthethingsconcerningwhichIbeseechandaskyou.ByallyournamesI invokeyou: that is, inArabic,Camar;[266] inLatin, Luna; in Persian,Mehe;[267] inGreek, Zamahyl;[268] in Indian, Cerim;[269] in Roman, Celez, [270] that you hear mypetitioninthisplace."

Thenprostrate yourself to the earth, facing theMoon, repeating theforegoing words. While doing this, keep suffumigating with thesuffumigationofthehermits,whichiscomposedof28componentsinthisway: takeoneounceeachofmastic,cardamom,savine, storax,and longpepper; two ounces each of elecampane, myrrh, squill, dar sessahal,spikenard, costus, frankincense, and saffron; four ounces each ofmelon,melon seed, and henna root; three ounces each of orris root, nettle tree,Indian poley, and shelled cleaned pine nuts; two pounds laudanum, St.

John'swort,appleleaves,driedroses,andrice;twopoundsofraisins;andfive pounds of dates.Mix thesewith enoughof themost subtlewine tobindthemtogether,andmakeintopillsthesizeofafavabean.Whentheworkingisfinished,takeacalfandbeheadit,andburnitinagreatfire,aswehavesaidbefore.Ifyousacrificeaneweinstead,burnherandeatherliver, as we have described earlier concerning other sacrifices. Yourpetitionwillbefulfilled.

Theopinionofthesages,however,concerningopportuneprayersandpetitionstotheplanets,isthateachplanetactsinmatterscorrespondingtoitsnature,asfortunesingoodthingsandinfortunesinbadones.Whenyouwishtoseekanythingfromaplanet,seetoitthatthelordoftheascendantis aspected by that planet, and the almutaz of the figure is oriental, andelevated in four altitudes in its epicycle aswell as oriental therein;[271]thisiswhentheywouldasktheirpetitions.Also,thevirtuesandeffectsoftheplanetsarestrongerandmoreinfluentialatnight.Becarefulthatyoudonotaskanythingfromanyplanetthatisnotofitsownnature,forinthiscaseyourpetitionwillfail.

The sages who made these prayers and sacrifices to the planets inmosques[272] did all of the foregoing things. While the planet movedthrough eight degrees of heaven, they would sacrifice one animal, andsimilarly when it declined by another eight degrees they would offeranother sacrifice. They say that Hermes commanded them to do this inmosquesorintheirownchurches.ThesesagessayoftheaforementionedHermes thathewas the lordof the three flowersof things, that is,king,prophet, and sage.They require thatno animalof twocolors, norblack,nor having a brokenbonenor a hornbroken in anyway, nor an injuredeye,norhavinganyflawinitsbody,besacrificedintheirmosques.Whentheybeheadananimal,theytakeoutitsliveratonce.Theyexamineit,andiftheyfindanydefectorspotinit,theysaythatthelordofthatplacehassomenotableimpediment.Theythencutuptheliverandgiveittooneofthebystanderstoeat.[273]

They callMars in their languageMara smyt,whichmeansLord ofMalefactors,andtheysaythatheisamalefactorbecauseheisquicktodoevil.Hisimageaccordingtotheiropinionistheimageofamanholdinga

sword inhis righthandandaflameof fire inhis left,and threatening inturnwithswordandfire;andfor this reasonhe ishonoredby them,andthey make sacrifices out of fear of him and to prevent his evils. ThesacrificestheymaketohimaremadewhentheSunentersAries,whichisthehouseofMars,andsimilarlywhentheSunentersScorpiotheymakeanothersacrifice.

They have an experiment with a child, which is as follows. In themonththattheSunspendsinScorpio,theywouldtakeaboyandleadhimintoahousesetapartanddecoratedforthisworking,andhavehimstandupright on his feet. Theywould bring a handful of tamarisk seeds, andburn them in a brass thurible. Over the boy they would utter wordspertaining to Mars and dress him in the garments of Mars. If the firetouchedthebackoftheboy,theyjudgedbythisthathewasunqualified,inappropriate,andinaptforthisworking;whileifthefiretouchedhisfrontparts,theyassertedthathewasproperandaptforthiswork.[274]

Then they took him to their house of prayer,where they examinedhimtoseethathewashealthyinallhismembers.Theythentookhimtoanother house where it was dark, and veiled his eyes. The priest waswaitingforhim,andheldaspearofredtamariskwoodabovehim,Theydressedtheboyinanimalskins,andputathuriblefulloffirenexttohisrightfootandanotherthuriblefullofwaternexttohisleftfoot.Meanwhiletheboy'smothercamewitharoosterinherhandsandsatinthedoorofthehouse.

Thepriestthensworetheboytosecrecy,andboundhimbythebondsof an oath that he would never reveal the secrets of the ritual for alleternity,andterrifiedhimfiercelysothathedidnotrevealit, tellinghimthatifherevealedanyoftheforegoingtoanyone,hewouldinstantlydie.When this was finished, the boy's eyes were unveiled and opened. Hismotherthencameinwiththeaforementionedrooster,andthepriest tooktheroosterinhishandsandbeheadeditabovetheboy.Atoncethemotherthrewaredclothovertheboyandledhimoutofthehouse.Assoonastheboyleftthehouse,heputaringonhisindexfingerthatboretheimageofanape.[275]

TheyalsosaythatthefirstsacrificepertainingtoSaturniswhenheis

in Taurus, and they sacrifice a cow to him, asserting that its horns areplaced in themannerofacrown,and that it ismorebeautiful thanotheranimals and more proper for sacrifice than any other animal. Theysacrificed itafter ithadbeenfedonherbsgatheredbyvirgingirls in thegardenoftheSunforacertaintime,andafterwardstheyreturnedhomebyroadsotherthantheonesbywhichtheylefthome.Theyconsideredalloftheforegoingtobethegreatestsecretsoftheirworkings.Theymadesurethattheaforementionedcowwascompletelyintact,andwithoutanywhitespot,howeversmall.Aboveitseyestheyputagoldenchainandwrappedthisarounditshorns.TheysaythatthewiseHermestaughtthemtodotheworkinginthisway.

Whentheywishedtobeheadthecow,theyprepareditfordeath,andburned the suffumigation of Saturn before it and said prayers after themanneroftheGreeks.Thepriestbeheadeditwithasharpswordinwhichnodefectordiminutionwasfound,andcollectedthebloodinadish,andreceiveditstongue,ears,snout,andeyes;andtherestwascarriedawayinpieces.[276]Latertheyusedtoinspectthebloodthatremainedinthedishandthefoamthat roseatop theblood,andfromthefoaminterpreted thelordshipandmotionofSaturn,whichaccordingtothemisthefirstmotion,because inhimmotionbeginsandends.Theywereaccustomed tomakethiskindofsacrificewhenSaturnenteredthesignofTaurus.

Thesesamemenusedtowashtheirfacedandbodieswithwineandpowdered salt, because it makes their skin or hide dry, and because itmakesthebloodmovefreelyintheirbodies.Theyholdthattheirworkiscompletedbythis.

Theyhadaclosedhouse intowhichnooneentered,and in itwasadeepwell.WhentheSunenteredintothefirstdegreeofLeo,theywouldsendtothelandofCanuiz[277]foraredram,andcoveritwithpreciouscloths. They led it to a place full of trees and flowers, making muchrejoicing,andgaveitasmuchwineasitwoulddrink.Theythenledittothishouseatnight,andthrewitdownthewelljustmentioned,andbathedit therein insesameoil.Thentheydrewitupoutof thewellandgave itdried roses, lentils, fava beans, rice, honey, andwheat to eat, allmixedtogether.Finally,28daysafter theSun'sentrance intoLeo, they led itat

nighttoagroveoutsidethecityandoutsidepopulatedland,andcutoffitshead.Theymadeapit there andburied the ram in it.Thehead, though,theycarriedbacktothehouseoftheworking,andstoreditupfacingtheirimages.[278]Theysaid thatoutof it theyhearda faintvoice,bywhich,theysaid, theylearnedthelengthoflifeoftheirkingandtheincreaseordecreaseoftheirpeople.

The one who revealed the foregoing workings and taught us thissecretwasBarnacElbarameni,[279]whoendedhisdaysinthelandoftheHindus; a certain part of India is given the nameBayrameny[280] afterhim.Certain sages of that people havemanyworkings of diverse kinds,whichwouldprolongourbook inordinately ifwewished to repeat themall.Thereforewereturnheretoourproposedcourse.

ChapterEightThewayofprayerwithwhichtheNabateansusedtopraytotheSunandSaturn,andhowtheywouldspeaktothemandtheirspiritsand

drawforththeirinfluences

The Nabatean sages have said that the power and works of theheavensandstarsarefromtheSunoriginally,andthisisbecausetheyseeand understand that the Moon helps him (that is, as much as is in herpower), while the Sun does not need her effects, nor those of the otherplanets;andsimilarly,thefiveotherplanetsfollowtheSunintheireffectsand obey and are humbled by him, and proceed in their aforementionedeffects according to the dispositions of the Sun. In the same way,accordingtotheiropinion,alltheireffectsareprimarilyrootedintheSun,andtheothersixplanetshelphimbytheireffects.Similarly,thefixedstarsaretheSun'shandmaidens,andserve,obey,andarehumbledbyhim,andwhiletheyhelphimwiththeireffects,thisisnotbecauseofanyneedthathehasofthem.ThesepeoplewerewonttomakethisprayertotheSun:

"Wepray,wehonor,andwepraisethee,highLordSun.Foryougivelifetoeverythinglivingintheworld,andthewholeuniverseisilluminatedwithyourlifeandgovernedbyyourpower.Youareseatedonhigh;agreatkingdomfulloflight,perception,intellect,power,honor,andgoodnessisyours. All things that generate are generated by your power, all things

governedaregovernedbyyou;byyouallplantslive,andallthingsendureintheirstrengththroughyou.Youarenobleandhonorableinyoureffects,andpowerfulinyourenduringheaven.Wesalute,wepraise,andwehonoryou,andwepray inobedienceandhumility,and revealallourminds toyou,andallthingsnecessarytousweaskandrequireofyou.Youareourlord,andwebeseechyouthatwemayperceiveyourlifeandgovernancebydayaswellasbynight.Wegivetoyouourwills,thatyoumayfreeanddefendthosewhoturntoyoufromourenemiesandfromallevils,andthatthisalsomaybedoneby theMoon,who isyourhandmaidenandobeysyou, and whose light and radiance are from you and the virtue thatproceeds from you. You are the giver of power; you are lord in yourchosen heaven. The Moon and the other planets serve you always andobey you, and never depart from your precepts. May all this likewisealwaysbyusbepraiseduntotheinfiniteageofages,Amen."

The sages of The Chaldean Agriculture[281] have said that theyprayedtoSaturnwiththefollowingprayer,buttheyfirstascertainedthatthis lordwasnot descending in the circle nor occidental of theSun, norunder the Sun's rays nor in the midst of his retrogradation.When theyfoundhimtobefreeofallimpedimentandclean,however,theymadethefollowingprayertohim,andsuffumigatedwitholdhides,fat,sweat,deadbats, andmice,ofwhich14batswereburnt and14micewere similarlyburnt;andtheytooktheashesandspreadthemontheheadoftheirimage.Theyprostrated themselvesaroundthe imageonstoneorblacksand.Bythisworking theywere protected fromSaturn'smalice and evil, becausefromSaturnallevils,destructions,andsorrowsproceed.Heisthelordofall poverty, misery, sorrow, imprisonments, sins, and lamentations, andthesearesignifiedwhenheiscadentandunfortunate.Whenheisingooddisposition and in his exaltation, however, he signifies purity, length oflife, exaltation, joy, honor, wealth, inheritance, and the transmission ofinheritancestosonsandnephews.HisgoodnessiswhenheisorientaloftheSun,andwhenheisatthemidheavenandindirectmotionandswiftinmotionandelevatedinhiscircleandinhisincrease.

Zeherit,whowas the first sage of the three sages of TheChaldeanAgriculture, said thathemade thisprayer toSaturnandasked fromhim

the petitions he desired, and at once a certain disposition came overSaturn'simage,fromwhichhereceivedananswertowhatheasked.Thewayofmakingthisprayerisasfollows.

"We stand upright, we pray and we honor you in obedience andhumility.Westanduprightfacingthishigh,livingandenduringlord,fixedinhispoweranddominion,who isSaturn.He isenduring inhisheavenand potent in his lordship and adunate[282] in his effects, altitudes, andmagnificences. He encircles all things, and has power over all thingsvisibleand invisible,andhaspoweroverall thatexistson theEarth.ByhispoweralllivingthingsonEarthlive,andbyhisdurabilitytheyendure.Theybeginbyhispowerandpotency,andhemakesthemendure,andbyhisenduringpermanenceandhisdurabilitytheEarthismadepermanent.Hemakeswatersandriverstoflowbyhispower,astheyflowawayandaremoved.Byhislifehemakeslivingthingsmovesothattheylive.Heiscoldbyhisnature.Byhishighrulershiptreesgrowandareraisedup,andtheearthismadeponderousaccordingtotheponderousnessofhismotion;andifhewishes,hemakesthingsotherthantheyare.Heiswiseandthepowerof thingsandthemakerofperception;andhisknowledgeextendstoallthings.

"Foryouareblessed,youarethelordofyourheaven,andyournameisholy,revered,andhonored.[283]Weareobedienttoyou,onourfeetwepraytoyouandtoyourhonor,byyournames,will,nobilityandhonorwebeseechyouthatyouwillstrengthenoursensesthattheywillbeenduringandbewithusthroughoutourlives,thattheywillremainastheyare,andtakepityonourbodieswhentheyareseparatedfromlive,sothatwormsand creeping things draw back from our flesh. You are the pious andancientlord,andnonebutyoucanrestorewhatyouhavedestroyed.Youarepermanentinyourwordsanddeeds,nordoyourepentofyouractions.Youareslowandprofoundinyourpowers.Youaresogreatalordthatnoonecantakeawaywhatyouhavegiven,andwhatyouprohibitnonecanallow.Youarethelordofyourelegantworksandyouruniquerealm.Youarethelordoftheotherplanets,andtheotherstarsmovingintheircirclesfearthemovementofyourvoiceandshakewithterrorforfearofyou.Weaskyouandweimploreyouthatyouwillkeepussafefromyourfuryand

yourwrath, and deign to remove from us your evil effects, and in yourpurityhavepityonus,andletyourgoodandnoblenamestouchyourpity,sothatwemaybeabletoremovebyyourpowerallyourevileffects,andhavepityonusbyyourvirtueaswellasours.Byallyournames,andbyyour high and noble name, to which youwill allowmore than all yourothernames,thisname[284],weprayandaskthatyouwillpouroutyourpityonus."

The foregoing words were composed by Abenrasia[285] in TheChaldeanAgriculture,whichhe translatedoutof theChaldean language.Wehaverepeatedthisprayerhereonlytorevealthecommonagreementoftheancientsagesconcerningplanetaryworkings,andhowtheyatalltimesprotectedtheirbodiesfromthenaturesoftheplanets.Wehaverecitedthisprayer in this book to turn people away from this incomprehensibleworkingoftheancientsages.Wehavemadethisbookofourscompleteinall that we promised to treat in the beginning. Because this prayer isprohibitedinourfaith,wereciteitheresolelytouncoverthesecretsoftheancientsages,becauseitwasmadebeforethelawsagainstsuchworkings.Forthatreasonnoneoftheforegoingoughttoberemovedfromthisbook,and even asmuch as I have communicated concerning thisworking andothershasbeendonewithgoodintentions.Ibeseechallwhoseeandhearthis book never to reveal it to the insensate. If it becomes necessary toreveal any of it, do not do so except to those of great wisdom andilluminated minds and those who lead their lives according to thecommandsoforder. I supplicateGod theOmnipotent:keep thisworkofoursoutofthehandsofthefoolish,andpardonmeforallthatissaidhere,forIhavesaidalltheforegoingwithgoodintentions.[286]

ChapterNineHowtoattractthepowersofeachplanetandthepowersoftheir

spirits,namingthemaccordingtotheirparts,andhowtoaccomplishthisbyspeakingtheirnames

ThespiritofSaturncalledRedimez[287]iscoadunatewithallofhisnames, both collectively and individually, and with his parts which areaboveandbelowandelsewhere, according to theopinionofAristotle in

thebookhewroteforAlexander,whichiscalledtheBookofAntimaquis,inwhichhediscussedthewayinwhichthepowersoftheplanetsandtheirspirits ought to be attracted. And their names, listed according toAristotle'sopinion,areasfollows.ThenameofthespiritofSaturnaboveiscalledToz,belowiscalledCorez,totherightDeytyz,totheleft,Deriuz,beforeTalyz,behindDaruz;and itsmotion in its sphereand itsprogressthroughthesignsandthemotionofitsspirits,alltheaforesaidareunitedinthenameTahaytuc[288].Alloftheseseparatenamesaboveareunitedintheprimaryname,Redimez,andthisnameistherootandoriginofallthenameswehavesaid.

Thenameof thecoadunatingspiritofJupiter isDemehuz, thespiritaboveisDermez,belowisMatiz,totherightisMaztotheleftisDeriz,infrontisTamiz,behindisForuzandthespiritofhismotioninhisheavenanddividedbythesignsisDehydez[289]andthenamethatistherootandoriginofallistheprimarynamewementionedabove,thatisDemehuz.

ThenamethatcoadunatesthespiritsofMarsisDeharayuz,thehighspirit isHeheydiz, the low isHeydeyuz, the right isMaharaz, the left isArdauz, in front Hondehoyuz, behind is Meheyediz, the spirit of hismotioninhisheavenandhisprogressthroughthesignsandthemovementofhisspirit iscalledDehydemez.[290]Thenamethat includesallof theaforesaidnames,andwhichistherootandoriginoftheaforementioned,isthenamenamedabove,thatistosayDeharayuz.

ThenamethatincludesallthespiritsoftheSunisBeydeluz;andthename of the spirit above is Dehymez, below Eydulez, to the rightDeheyfuz,totheleft,Azuhafez,beforeMahabeyuz,behindHadyz,andthespiritofhismotioninhisheaven,andthroughthesigns,andofhisspiritiscalledLetahaymeriz.[291]Thenamethatincludesandconjoinsallofthesenames (and is the root and origin of the aforedaid) is the name namedabove,thatisBeydeluz.

Thenamethatincludesall thespiritsofVenusiscalledDeydez,herspirit above is Heyluz, below Cahyluz, to the right Diruez, to the leftAbleymez, beforeTeyluz, behindArzuz , the spirit of hermotion in herheavenandprogress through thesignsand themovementofher spirit isDehataryz;[292]ofequalvaluetoallthenameswehavesaid(anditisthe

originandrootofallthenamesaforementioned)isDeydezwhohasbeennamedabove.

The name that includes all the spirits of Mercury, in turn, isMerhuyez, and his spirit above is Amirez, below Hytyz, to the rightCehuz,totheleftDeriz,beforeMaylez,behindDehedyz,thespiritinthemotionofhisheavenandprogressthoughthesignsisMehendiz.[293]Thenamethatincludesallthenameswehavesaid(anditistherootandoriginoftheaforesaid)isMerhuyeznamedabove.

ThenamethatincludesallthespiritsoftheMoonisHarnuz,herspiritabove isHediz, belowMarayuz, to the rightMeletaz, to the left Timez,beforeHueyez,behindMeyneluz,andthenameofherspiritinthemotionofherheavenandprogressthroughthesignsisDahanuz.[294]Thenamethat joinsandunitesallof thenames listedabove(andwhich is the rootandoriginoftheaforesaid)isHarnuzlistedabove.

Aristotle said all this in the book already mentioned, giving theaforesaidspiritsthenamesjustgiven,andassertingthatthesearespiritsofthepartsof theuniverse, therebeingsixparts in theclimesof thesevenplanets.[295]Thenamesofthesespiritsarethosethatworshippersoftheplanets were accustomed to use, and which they habitually used in theprayers theyprayedtotheplanets.You,however,ought todiligentlypayattentiontowhatwassaidearlier.[296]

Next, the philosopher said that from these spirits descend all thespiritualpotenciesofthesamekindthatcomeintocontactwiththeclimesandtheworldofgeneration.Byprayingtotheaforementionedspirits,theyaccomplishedmiracles,fromthem,richesandpovertyemanated,fortheygave,tookaway,andchangedthecourseofthesethings.Theyhadbodieswithwhich theywere clad, andwere embodiedwith the same. Each ofthemhadhumanbeingsintheirclimes,intowhomtheirpowersandspiritflowed,andtheypermittedthemtoarrangethingswiththesesciencesandmakeuseofthingsoftheirnature.

Thereafterthesamephilosophersaidthis:whenyouwishtosummonany of the aforesaid planetary spirits in any clime, attend to theaforementioned fundamentals because the effect of each of the planetsworksmostpowerfullyinitsownclime.

TheOperationofSaturn.WhenyouwishtoworkwithSaturn,dothefollowing.With the Sun inCapricorn and theMoon in Sagittarius,[297]makeanimagewithfeetofiron,andwrapitinagarmentcoloredgreen,blackandred.Afterwardsgointotheopenandgoundertreesthatlackanyodor.Makeyoursacrifice(namelyacoworcalf)andsuffumigatewithamixtureof thebrainofablackcat,castor,hemlock,myrrhandStJohn'sWort. Say: "Bedimez, Toz, Eduz,Hayz,Derniz, Tayuz,Huaruyz, Talhit,Naycahua, Huenadul,[298] come, you spirits, here is your offering!"Repeat your prayer continually as you suffumigate. Make your petitionanditwillbefulfilled.AllofthishasbeenlaidbyAristotleinhisbook.

The Operation of Jupiter. When you wish to work by means ofJupiter, do the following in the day of Jupiter,[299] the Sun being inSagittariusorPiscesandtheMoonintheheadofAries(becausethisistheexaltation of the Sun). And prepare a clean and splendid house, withhangingsandcurtainsandclothgoodsfinelydecorated,sothatthehousemaybesuitable to thework.Take inyourhandadishwithamixtureorcompoteofhoney,butter,nutoil,sugar,makingitsmoothandmoist.Thenmake a pastry (that is, a torte) of flour, butter,milk, sugar and themostdelicatesaffron,andmakeitaslargeasyoucan.

Inthesamehouse,putalargetableintheplaceofhonor,supportedby a strong tripod. Place before it a censer composed of the metal ofJupiter.[300]Onthetableplacenutmeg,camphor,lignumaloesandothergoodsmellingthingsandcivetandthelike.Haveonemeasureofmastic,alongwiththepastryyoumadeandthemixtureyoumade,thatis,boththewetandthedry.

Inthemiddleofthetableplacealargeburningcandle,andbehindthecandleplacefouropenedpomegranates,andthecookedandroastedfleshofaram,achickenandapigeonandfillthedishesfull.Attheheadofthetable put a jug full ofwine and a clear vessel. Above the table place abranch of myrtle.When you have done the aforesaid, suffumigate withmastic and lignum aloes at the head of the table, and suffumigate withmasticintheotherpartsofthehouse,andnooneshouldbeinthehousebesidesyourself.

Saythefollowing:"Demuez,Armez,Ceylez,Mahaz,Erdaz,Tamyz,

Feruz, Dyndez, Afrayuz, Tayhaciedez."[301] These are the all of thenamesofthespiritsofJupiterinsixpartsofHeaven.Theinterpretationofthe nameAfriduz and the others following is, "Come and enter, all youspiritsofJupiter,andsmelltheperfumesandeatfromthisdishanddoasyou desire." Say the preceding seven times. Afterwards go out of yourhouseandstandquietlyforanhour.[302]

Then enter your house and repeat the previous prayer again.Whenyouhavedone thework five times, return to thehousea sixth timeandmaketheaforementionedprayeraswehavesaid,andthenthespiritswillcome in beautiful formswearing ornate garments, and theywill receiveyourpetitionandthatwhichyoudesirewillcomeintobeinginthemanneryouwish,andyourknowledgeandunderstandingwillbeassistedandthepower of the spirits will defend and protect you.When you have doneeverythingasorderedabove,calltogetheryourfriendsandassociatesandprepare food and eat anddrink together andperfumewithperfumes andsuffumigatewithsuffumigations.ThisistheprayeroftheplanetsthattheRoman sages themselves were accustomed to make each year, andespeciallyforJupiter.

TheOperationofMars.WhenyouwishtoworkbymeansofMars,dothefollowinginthedayofMars,[303]theSunbeinginAries,whichisthehouseofMars,andtheMooninher23rdMansion,[304]inwhichisistheexaltationofMars.Dothisattheendofwinterwhenthetreesbegintofruit.Takewithyouacoworsheepassacrifice,andfillanincenseburnerwith charcoal and suffumigate with myrrh, aspand seed and sarcocolla,[305] and provide a full dish (that is, a dish as good as you are able tomake)andfillapitcherfullofwine.Aswehavesaidbefore,youshouldcarryeverything toa field,undera tall tree,andofferup thesacrifice inbothhands,andlightthefireinwhichthesuffumigationwillbeburnt.Saythese words: "Dahaydanuz, Hahaydiz, Hayadayuz, Mihyraz, Ardahuz,Heydaheydez,Mehenediz,Dehydemez."[306]ThisistheorationofMars.Andwhenyouhavesaidthat,saythis:"Thissacrificeisyours,spiritsofMars.Acceptthisandconsumeitanddoasyoudesire."

Afterwardstakethesacrificetoanotherplaceawayfromthetree,andsuffumigate it with the suffumigation already described, and cut off the

headofyoursacrificeandcutofftheskinandremovetheliverandroastit.Putallofitonatrayandcoveritwiththeskin;andofferitasasacrificeinthe same place and say the prayer. Then pray in thisway: "O spirits ofMars,thissacrificeisyours.Comeandsmellthissuffumigation,anddoasyouwillwiththissacrificeandfood."Thenaredspiritliketheflameofafirewilldescend,andhewillgo to thefoodandconsumeaportionof itwithfire.

Assoonasyouseethespirit,askforwhatyouwishandyouwillbeassisted in all of your works. When the flames are gone, take theaforementioned foodandeat asmuchasyouareable, similarlydrinkasmuch wine as you can, and ask whatever you wish of the petitionspertainingtoMars.YoushouldknowthatMarsisadiverseplanetthatisstrong in its nature, and does not receive or respond to petitions everytime. Thereforewhen doing themagicalworks ofMars, evenwhen theaforesaideventsdonothappen,bynomeansdespair.Assoonasyouhavecarefullydonetheaforesaid,returntoyourownhouse.

TheOperationoftheSun.WhenyouwishtodothemagicalworkoftheSun,doitonaSunday,theSunbeinginLeoandtheMooninthe15thor 19th degree ofAries.[307] Prepare an appropriate house that is cleanandbright, andornament itwith the costliest clothyouhave.Place in itsevengoldenimages,andifyouarenotabletomakethemofgold, thenyoumayusewood. If theyaremadeofgold,put jewelryof red jacinthsand pearls on them, and if the images aremade ofwood,wrap them inclothingofredsilkandputonthemjewelsofgoldandredjacinth.Placethe images in themiddle of the house, andbeforewhichever imageyouplease,placeatable.

Placeonthetable,whereveryoulike,pastriesmadefromwheatflourthathasbothwetanddryportions,andsomewhereinthemiddleofthemplaceapitcherofwine,andaroundthetable,vesselswithmanydifferenttypesofpleasantsmellingthingssuchasnutmeg,camphorandamber,andplacemyrtleinthehouse.Afterwardslightalargewaxcandle,andplaceitonsomethinghighthatwillplaceitbeforetheimages,andsay:"Tebdeluz,Dihymez,Andulez,Dehycayz,Aginafez,Mahagnuz,Ahadyz,Tuymeryz."[308] And when the aforesaid has been spoken, make your petition for

whatyouproposetoaskfor.Whenthisisdone,calltogethersomeofyourfriendsandacquaintancesandeatthefoodanddrinkthewine.Afterwardstheyshouldleavethehouse,becausethenyoucanpetitionthespiritsoftheSunandtheywillhearyouclearly.

TheOperationofVenus.WhenyouwishtodothemagicalworksofVenus,doitinthedayofVenus,theSunbeinginthebeginningofPiscesand the Moon in Cancer. Clean yourself and bathe, and when you arecleanedandbathed,gotowheretherearefigsorpalmsandtakewithyouaram.Say,"Hueydez,Helyz,Hemyluz,Deneriz,Temeyz,Cemluz,Arhuz,Meytaryz."[309]When you have said this, ask for what you wish. Butbeware thatyoudonotaskforsomethingattributedbynature toanotherplanet.

TheOperationofMercury.Whenyouwishtodothemagicalworksof Mercury, work in the day of Mercury, with the Sun in Capricorn,becausetheyearof theChaldeansbeginsthen.Sit inagoldthroneinanemptyhouse,andsuffumigateyourselfwithlignumaloes,incense,myrrh,hemlock and elecampane. Put a golden table before you, and around itplacesevenmalegoats,whichyoushalldisciplinewithawoodenrodsothattheycryout.

As the smoke of the suffumigation rises, say: "Barhurez, Emirez,Haytiz, Cociz, Deriz, Heniz, Deheriz, Zahudaz."[310] And when theaforesaidhasbeensaid,cuttheheadsoffthegoats,skinthemandcutthemapartandplacethemaroundthetable,whilecontinuetosuffumigatewiththesuffumigation.Whenthishasbeendone,coveryourentirefaceexceptfor your eyes, and continue to suffumigate.Afterwards goout from thathouseandcarryallofthemeatyouhavecut,andcookitwithchickweedandvinegar,andgetbreadmadewithwheatflour.Whenthisisdone,puteverythinginabasketandsavethebestofit.AskforappropriatethingsinyourpetitiontoMercury.

TheOperationoftheMoon.Whenyouwishtodothemagicalworksof theMoon, do sowhen the Sun is in Cancer and theMoon inAries,which is the exaltation of the Sun, and do thework in the night of theMoon (that is,onSunday,when thedayhasended)[311].When theSunsets,gotoafield.Thenwashandcleanyourselfverywell,andtakearam

and a suffumigation of frankincense, hemlock, elecampane, myrrh andlignumaloesmixed together.Your friendsandassociates shouldgowithyou, and some of them should lead the aforesaid ram and bring thesuffumigation,andtheyshouldlikewisebringfoodinbaskets.Whenthisisdone,theyshouldlightalargefireofwood,andputthebasketsoffoodaroundthehearth.

Oneof themwho is takingpart inyourpetition should riseup, andfindaplacebysomespringofwater,withafigtreebeforeitandnearbytheramthathehas led there.Heshouldput thesuffumigation,whichhehas brought with him, into a fire. He then says: "Hedyuz, Denediz,Mubrynayz,Miltaz,Tymez,Rabyz,Celuz,Deheniz,Merniz."[312]Whenhehassaidthis,cutofftheheadoftheram.Thenyourassociatewholedtheramshouldgoaway,becauseifanyoneapproachesyou,youmustkillthem, cutting off their heads, saying the samewords one at a time, andsuffumigatingwiththesuffumigation.[313]

Whenthisisdone,youshouldleave,andgobacktowherethefireisburning.Thenyouandallyourfriendsmayreturntotheplacewheretheramwaskilled,andskinit,andtakeitsskin,head,feet,andentrails toacleanplace,wherenootheranimalcaneatanyoftheaforesaidparts,andbury them.Roast the ram, andwhen it iswell roasted, put it amidst thecircle of baskets of food around the hearth.Whendawn is near, put outmany-coloredclothsunderthefigtree,andwhenthisisdonesuffumigatewiththeaforesaidsuffumigation.Andsaytheorationofthespiritsandaskforyourpetition,andallofitwillbefufilled.

ChapterTenAdemonstrationoftheconfectionsofplanetaryspirits,and

preventingdangersfromceremoniesandeffects,andofthewondersofmagic,andofthefood,suffumigations,unguents,andodorsthat

onewhoinvokesplanetaryspiritsoughttouse;andthepropereffects,andworksthatarenotdoneexceptinappearance

Aristotle, in the Book of Antimaquis already mentioned, which hecomposed for King Alexander, recounted the confection of four stones,whichhavemiraculousspiritualpowersandeffects.

ThefirstoftheseisnamedRayetanz.Whoevercarriesthisstonewithhiminabattlementedring[314]willreceivethehumbleobedienceofmenandofeveryotherlivingthingpossessingaspirit;andifhesealsanyletterwiththisstoneandsendsittoanykingsoranyothermen,whenitisseenbythem,atoncetheywilltrembleandobeyit,andunfailinglyaccomplishwhatever the letter requests. It will also make men perverse if it istransmittedinthesamewayasgivenabove.

Thisstoneisredincolor,anditscompositionisasfollows.Takethreeouncesofrubies;grindthemandcoverthemwith1/2ounceofdiamonds,one ounce each of lead filings andmagnesia, 1/2 ounce sulfur, and twoouncesofgold.Letall theaforesaidbemixedinacrucibleandputonagentle fire, increasing it little by little until all the aforesaid ingredientsfuse,fortherubieswillbemeltedbyvirtueofthediamond,thediamondbyvirtueof themagnesia, and themagnesiabyvirtueof the sulfur, andgoldalsofuseswiththem.Whentheyarewellblended,takethecrucibleoff the fire and allow it to cool. You will find one body, completelyblended,andofaturbidcolor;thenleaveit.

Thentakeequalpartslionbrains,leopardfat,andwolfblood.Liquefythefat,andmixitwiththebrains;thenpourthebloodintoit,anditwilltake on a spotted color. Be careful that you do not touch it with yourhands,norgetyourclothingnearit,andkeepyourfaceturnedawayfromitsodor,foritisadeadlypoisoninallitsqualities,fromthespecificformaccordingtotheopinionofCetras,whosawitinadream.Whenitisstill,takeitoffthefire.

Thentakeburntcopper,crocus,andyellowandredsulfur,tenounceseach. Let then be pulverized and cleaned, and then add them to theforegoingpoison.Atonceitsharmfulnesswillbebroken,andthewholeofitwillbeliquefied.Whenitisallmeltedandmixedtogether,putitinajugor small vessel,which should be sealed upwith alchemists' luting;[315]andputitonagentlefire.Whenallofithasmeltedlikewax,takeitoffthe fire and allow it to cool. Thenmelt the first body,which should becombined with its spirit[316] little by little, until it is all blended andbecomesonebody.Fromit,makeroundpebblesof thedesiredsizeonalathe, forAristotle said the following toAlexander:OAlexander, know

thatthisisamiraculousbodythatconquerseverything.The second stone is named Helemetiz. This stone is to be made

against rain,hail, and snow; forwhenanyof these is about to fall, raisethis stone upon your right hand, and you will be safe from them. Thisstone is spotted in color, and it ismade in the followingway.Take fourouncesofhelleboreandmeltitwithwhitesoapwortonthefire.Whenitismelted,putfourouncesofsilverandfourouncesofleadintoit.Whenallthis ismelted together, take itoff thefireandworkwith thespiritof thework.

Takebonesfromtheforefeetandhindfeetofapig,whichhavebeenwellcleanedoffleshandtendons,andcookthemwellinsaltwater;whentheyarewell cooked, take themoff the fireanddry them to remove thewater.Pulverizethemandputtheminanearthenvesselwithequalpartsofmandrake and lime, sealed upwell with alchemists' luting and properlyarranged,thatis,inthevesselputdownalayerofmandrakeandlime,thenontopofitalayerofpowderedbone,andsosuccessivelyuntilthevesselisfull.Meltallthisbycookingitforonenightonafireofmanure.Thenremovetheaforesaidvesselfromthefire,andallowittocool.Powderthecontentsandaddtothemalittleclearredcopper.Thengrindthemagain,sprinklingthemwithhumanbloodfromavein,andletitbegroundforanentireday;andsaveitforuse.

Whenyouhavefinished,meltthefirstbody,andaddtoitthissecondbody a little at a time, until the two are fully blended into one another.Whenthisisdone,takeitoffthefire,andletitcool,andyouwillfinditscolor to be spotted. This stone may then be worked on a lathe to thedesiredsizeinasphericalform.ThereafteryoushouldlaboratthisworkwiththewordsandceremoniesthatwehavegivenalreadyintheritualofPerfectNature.Whenyouseerain,snow,hail,and thunder inanyplace,andyouwishtosenditawayfromyourselfandtheplacewhereitis,saythe words we have said before, and raise your right hand, holding thatstone, toward the sky; and all the aforesaidwill be stilled.This stone iscomposedofthepowersandspiritsofspiritualthings.

The third stone isnamedAstamatis.Aristotle says that this stone isoneofthewondersoftheworld,forwhoevercarriesitwithhiminafight

or battle will remain safe from harm from enemies, and from theiroffensive weapons, not only himself, but also his companions. Thecompositionofthisstoneisasfollows.

Take tenouncesof ironmelted insulfur,andmelt it in thefire,andinto the sulfur put white magnesia stone and borax, all well powdered,until theyareallblendedintoone.First itwillappearyellow,thenwhitelike silver, but evenmore beautiful, and its bodywill be soft.After thistake pork fat and pig brains in equal amounts.Melt them together,mixwiththebloodofablackcrow,andletitcool,sothatitcoagulatesbythenormalwayofcoagulation.Thentakefourouncesofmagnesiastone,1/2ounceofburntdiamond,twoouncesofclearredcopper,andfourouncesofyellowsulfur;grindthemalltogetherintopowder,andputthepowderontheaforementionedcoagulatedbody.

Let it all be put into an earthenware vessel of appropriate size, andsealedwellwithalchemist'sluting.Thusprepared,letitbeputonthefireandcompletelymeltedlikewax.Thentakeitfromthefire,andallowittocool.Itwillcoagulate,andtakeontheformofastone;setthisaside.Thentaketenouncesofironprocessedinthewayalreadymentioned,andoneounceeachofgold,silver,andcopper.Putthemonthefireandmeltthemuntiltheyarewellmixed.Whenthisisdone,casttheotherbodyyouhavealreadymadeontoit,littlebylittle,untiltheyareentirelyblended;andletitbepurifiedbyfire.Themoistureofthebodieswillberemoved,andthenwillbeunitedwithoneanotherandwillbemadeveryslippery.

When you see that this has happened, remove it from the fire andallow it to cool.Youwill find that the bodies have united into one andbecomealittlesoft.Youmayworkthisonalathe,andmakeroundstonesofanydesiredsize,andyoushouldworkonthemforthreedayswiththewordswehavealreadymentioned.Youshouldalwayskeepthisstonewithyouandcarryitduringwar,andyouwillbepreservedagainstalltheironweaponsofyourenemies,youandallthataccompanyyou,whileyouhavetheaforesaidstonewithyou.

Thefourthstone iscalledHandemotuz.Aristotlesaid that thisstoneexists to awaken the love ofwomen, and is composed so that by it, forexample, soldiers and warriors who ought to be engaging in battle will

seektominglewithwomeninstead,sotheirbodiesmaybemadeweaker,andthatinconsequencetheywillbemoreeasilyvanquished.Thisstoneiswhiteincolor.Itiscompoundedinthisway.

Take tenouncesof lead,oneounce eachof copper and ironmeltedwith sulfur, and1/2ounceof silver.Melt the copper, iron, and silver alltogether, thenput in the lead.Whenall this isblended together, take1/2ounceeachofmagnesia,diamond,andyellowsulfur, and twoouncesofredcopper.Powderthemall,andaddthepowdertothemeltedsubstancesuntilallhasbeenabsorbed.Thentakethisofthefire,andsetitaside.

Thenmakethespirit inthisway.Takeequalpartsofgazellefatandthebrainsandmarrowofahorse.Meltthefatandmixitwiththebrainsandmarrow,andthenputsparrowbloodinituntilitcoagulates.Thentakeoneounceofpigbones,andpowderitwithalittleofthebestborax,1/2ounceofmagnesia,oneounceofyellowsulfur, and11/2ouncesof redcopper, and mix them together into a mass, and add it to the aforesaidmarrowandfat.Putitonthefireuntilallofithasmeltedtogether.Thentakeitoffthefireandallowittocool.

Whenithascooled,takethebodyyoumadefirst,andmeltitonthefire.Putthemedicineintoitlittlebylittleuntilallhasbeenabsorbed,andallofitbeginstosimmer.Thentakeitoffthefireandletitcool,anditwillbecomeastone,whichyoumaymakesphericalandequalonalathe.Thenwork for three days using the words we have already mentioned. Thenmaketwoimagesofcopper,oneintheshapeofamanandtheotherinthatof a woman, and put the stone in themale image. Let these images beplacedbacktoback.

Takeanironneedle,andsayoveritthewordswehavealreadygiven.When this is done, thrust it into the chest of the female image until theimageisentirelypiercedthroughtotheback,andletitbepressedintothemale image so that the two images are pinned together. Put the imagesprepared in thisway into a tightly closed ironbox, andover it, day andnight,saythewordswehavegivenabove.Keepitwithyou,foryouandallyourassociateswillthusbecompletelyfreeofanydesireforwomen.

Aristotle relates all of the foregoing in the aforementionedBookofAntimaquis.Themixturesofwhichall these stonesaremadearedeadly

poisons,andwhoevermakesthesestonesmustcarefullyavoidtouchingorsmellingthem.Theremedyforthispoison,bywhichthesethingsmaybedone without fear, is made in this way. Take two ounces each of aloeswood,myrtleseed,mandrakeseed,andcentauryseed,1/2ouncenutmeg,andoneounceeachofchastetree,cleanedraisins,andwhitesandalwood.Mixthemtogetherandpulverizethemwell,andblendthemwiththejuiceof myrtles, and make them into pills, which you should allow to dry.Whenever youwish to compound the aforementioned stones, which aredeadly poisons, take these pills and put them in your nostrils, ears, andmouth, and cover your entire face with a cloth while the foregoing arepowderedandworked.

Youwillalsoneedanotherremedyforthepreservationofyourhands,whichisthis.Takeequalpartsoflaurelseedsandthekernelofbasilseeds,and four parts each of balsam and rabbit's blood. Grind what can beground,andmixthiswiththebalsamandrabbit'sblood.Youshouldhavethis medicine with you in all the foregoing operations, and wash yourhandsinitwhileworking,andyouwillbeabletoworksafelyandwithoutdanger.

Intheaforementionedbook,Aristotlealsosaysthatspiritssometimesattacktheworkmenwhoperformtheforegoing,destroyingtheirnatures.Ifyou wish to free them from this infirmity so that their natures may bebroughtbacktotheirproperquality,givethemthefollowingmedicinetodrink.Take1/2ounceofhumanblood,andmixitwithfourouncesofoilofbitteralmondsandtwoouncesofrabbitbrainsormarrow,andletthesebemixedwithoneounceofdonkey'surine.Combine the foregoing;andonceeachday,onanemptystomach,forninedays,givethisinadrinktothepatient.Bythismedicinetheywillbecured,andtheirnaturerectified,and evil planetary spirits of every kind driven away from them, so thattheirnaturalcomplexionmayberestoredtolastingstrength.[317]

Again,inthebooknamedMalatiz,Aristotlesaysthefollowing.WhenAlexanderinquiredofCaynez,asageofIndiaandamasterofmarvelsinthisart,hecomposed thisbookMalatizoutof theknowledgeofCaynezhimself,inwhichherecountedthewondersdonebythisCaynez,whowasconsideredaspiritinhumanform,andwholivedfor840years.Thiswas

in the timeofKingAydeneruz,whowas amightyman and amurderer.This sagemade greatmarvels from composites of the greater and lesserworlds, and his words were composed by the spirits that are in thecompositeworld.[318]Hecontrolled thewillof theaforementionedkingandofanyotherkingsthathewished.Healsousedtomakemarvelsanddiverseprayers,whichIwillrelatepresently.

Foracquiringtheloveofawoman.ThisconfectionhecalledDeytuz,anditscompositionisasfollows.Take1/2ounceeachofgazellemarrowandbeeffat.Meltthemtogether,andadd1/2ounceeachofcamphorandrabbit brain. Let all these be put into an iron vessel for the aforesaidmelting,andaddthepowderedcamphorlast.Whenitisallmixedtogether,takeitoffthefire.Thenmakeanimageoutofvirginwax,whichhasnotbeenusedforanyotherpurpose,andhaveinmindthewomanwhomyoudesire.

In themouth of that imagemake an opening that penetrates to thebellyof the image,bywhich themeltedmedicine abovemaybepouredinto thebellyof the image.Whilepouring it, say:"Dahyeliz,Hanimidiz,Naffayz, Dabraylez."[319] Then put into its mouth two ounces of finesugar.

Next,takeafinesilverneedleandinsertitintothechestofthatimageuntilitcomesouttheback.Whileyouplacetheneedleinthismanner,say:"Hedurez,Tameruz,Hetaytoz,Femurez."[320]Whenthisisfinished,wrapthe image inawhite cloth, andover thisput another silkcloth,white incolor,andprepareasilkthread,andtiethistightlyunderthechestoftheimage,and let the twoendsof the threadbe joined togetherandknottedwith seven knots. Over each of the knots say these words: "Hayranuz,Hedefiuz,Faytamurez,Arminez."[321]

Thenputtheimageinalittleclaypot,whichyoushouldsealupwithalchemist'sluting.Makeapitinthehousewherethepersonlivesagainstwhom, or at the request ofwhom, thisworking is performed, that is, inwhicheverhouseorplace issuitable.Burythe imagethere,headup,andcoveritwithearth.Thentaketwoounceseachofincenseandgalbanum,[322] and cast it on the fore.While the smoke rises, say: "Beheymerez,Aumauliz,Menemeyduz,Caynaurez.[323]Imovethespiritofthiswoman

N.andherwilltowardthismanN.byvirtueofthespiritsIhavenamed,andbythevirtueandpowerofthespiritsBeheydraz,Methurez,Auleyez,Nanitaynuz."[324]

Whenyouhavedonetheforegoing,return to thehouse.Youshouldknowthatallthespiritandwillofthewomanagainstwhomthisworkingisdonewillbemoved toward themanforwhosesake thework isdone,norwillshebeabletorestorsleepordoanythingelseuntilsheobeysthemanforwhomsuchaworkinghasbeendone,andthisisbyvirtueofthespiritsoftheforegoingimage.Thiswomanwillbeledtothehousewheretheimageisburiedbytheaforesaidvirtue.

Anotherconfection for the samepurpose, tobegiven in food.Taketwo ounces each of rabbit rennet[325] and wolf brains, three grains ofmelted beef fat, two grains each of amber and nutmeg, three grains ofcamphor,twoouncesofthebloodofthatpersonwhoistheagent(thatis,forwhomtheworkingisdone).Putthisbloodinanironvesselonthefireto heat.When it is hot, add the othermedicines to it, andmix themall.Thenremoveitfromthefire,andmixitwithwineorhoneyorwithadishofmeatorfowloranyotherdishyouwish.

Whileyoudo theforegoing,keepyourmind intentlyon thewomanforwhomyouaredoingit.Thentakealittleincenseandanequalamountof galbanum, and cast them into fire. While the smoke rises, say: "YeDeyluz., Menydez, Catrudiz, Mebduliz, Huenehenilez.[326] I move thespirit and will of this woman N. by virtue of these spirits and thiscomposition,andImoveherspiritandwillbyarestlessmotionwhetherinwakingorsleeping,inwalking,standing,orsitting.Norshallshehaveanyrest until sheobeys these spiritswhom I name:Hueyheyulyez,Heyediz,Cayimuz, Hendeliz."[327] When you have done the foregoing in themannerspecified,giveallofthefoodtoeattowhomeveryouwish,sothatnothing remains of it. When the aforesaid medicine reposes in herstomach,shewillnotbeabletobestill,rather,shewillbemovedwithastrongmotion,andshewillcomeobedientlytotheplaceofyourchoosing.

Ifitshouldhappen,becauseofsomedifficult,thatthereisnowayforyou to give this to the woman in food or drink, take the confection aspreparedabove,andinplaceofthebloodmentionedabove,usetheblood

oftheoneagainstwhomyouoperate.Mixitalltogetherverywell.Putitintofoodordrinkasbefore,andputitintoajugwithyourownhands.

Taketwoounceseachofincenseandgalbanum,andsuffumigatewiththem. While the smoke rises, say: "Adyeruz, Metayruz, Beryudez,Fardaruz.[328] Imove the spirit andwill of this womanN. toward thisman N., and by all spirits and wills and hearts I move her so that shecannot be quiet or calm in waking or sleeping, speaking, sitting, orstanding, until she is obedient toN. and fulfills his desire completely. IattractthespiritofherheartandmovehertowardthismanN.byvirtueofthesespirits:Vemedeyz,Audurez,Meyurneyz,Sandaruz."[329]

Afterthis,givetheaforementionedtobeeatenbytheoneforwhomthisworking isdone.Whenhehaseaten itand ithasdescended intohisstomach,instructhimtotaketwoounceseachofincenseandgalbanuminhis hand and cast then upon fire, and suffumigatewith them.While thesmokerises,havehimsaythesenames:Hamurez,Heydurehiz,Heldemiz,Hermeniz.[330]Whenhehassaidthese,tellhimtosay:"Bythesenamesletthewilloftheoneforwhomthisoperationisdonebeattracted.Lethercome tomewithgreat loveandobedienceso thatmywill andcommandshallbefulfilled."

Thesamesagesaysfurtherthatisyouareunabletogetthebloodofthewoman, take two ounces each ofwolf's blood and cow's blood, andmixtheminanironvesseluponthefire,aswehavedescribedabove.Putintoittwograinsofrabbitmarrow,threegrainsofwolf'smarrow,andfourgrainsofbeeffat,allmeltedandmixedtogether.Addtwograinseachofnutmeg,camphor,andrabbit rennet,andwhenall thishasmelted,mixitwell and take it off the fire. Give this mixed into drink or food. Thensuffumigatewithincenseandgalbanum.

While the smoke rises, say these words: "Animurez, Maphueluz,Fenuz,Fadrulez.[331]Imovetheheart,spirit,andmindofthiswomanN.towardthismanN.,andImoveherspirit,forbiddinghertosleepsothatshecannothaveanyrestinwaking,sleeping,staying,going,orarising.ImoveherspiritandwillandleadhertoN.byvirtueofthespiritswrittenhereunder: Hueytayroz, Beryenuz, Aunuhiz, Andulez."[332] When youhave done, this, give it to eat towhomever youwish.When it is in his

stomach, take twoounceseachof incenseandgalbanumandhairfromawolf's tail, with which you should suffumigate the man who ate theforegoing, sayng these names written below, which I will teach you:Heyudez. Maherimeyz, Taydurez, Umeyruz.[333] When you have donethis, know that the spirit and nature of the woman toward whom thisoperation isdonewill bemovedwith agreat love for thatman, andherdesireslikewise;andshewillnotbeabletofindrestinanythinguntilshehascomewithahumbleattitudetowardthatman.

Anotherconfection,thatis,asuffumigationforlove.Taketwoounceseachofwolfvulvaandrabbitpenis,oneounceoftheeyesofwhitemice,twoounceseachofthefatofawhitedog,incense,andgalbanum;andbeeffatofaweightequaltoalltheforegoing,meltedinanironvessel;putintothisalltheforegoingingredients.Whentheyareallblendedtogether,take1/2 ounce of camphor, one once each of white sandalwood and aloeswood,1/2ounceofamber,and1/4ounceofnutmeg.Powderthemandaddthemtotheaforementionedconfection,andblendwelltogether.Whenthisisdone,letitbedividedintosevenequalparts.Takeseventhuriblesfullofburningcoals,whichyoushouldsetinfrontofyouinastraightline,andin each of them put a seventh part of the confection you made as justdescribed. While the smoke rises from the thuribles, say: "Ahayuaraz,Yetaydez,Ahariz,Aharyulez.[334] Imove theheart, spirit,andnatureofthiswomanN. toward thismanN., forbiddingherany restorsleep,andthatsheshallhavenopeaceinsleeping,waking,orsitting,orinanyotheraction, until she comes to him obediently to obey his pleasure andcommand. I attract and draw her spirit toward him by virtue of thesespiritualspirits:[335]Alhueriz,Heyemiz,Huetudiz,Tauediz."[336]Whenyouhavedonethis,returntoyourhome.Theaforesaidwomanwillcomethere,andwillbeobedienttohisgoodpleasureandcommand.

Again,anotherforthesamepurpose,tobesmelled.Taketwograinsof rabbit rennet, andonegrainof amalegoat's liver, and addpowderedincense.Put iton the fire,and let it roastuntilall itsmoisturehas left itentirely. Then take it with iron tongs, and cut it to small pieces with aknife,andletitbepressedinapotuntilallthewaterleavesit;thiswatershould be set aside in a glass vessel.When youwish to work with the

foregoing,taketwograinsoftheaforesaidwater,threegrainsofnutmeg,andfourgrainsofamber.Putalltheseonacharcoalfireinanironvesseluntil it isallmeltedandblended together.Add to itasinglegrainof theconfectionfromtheglassvessel,andthenmeltuntilitisentirelyblendedandmixed together; then take it from the fireandput it again inaglassvessel.Whenyouwish toworkwith it, takeoneounceof fineandverypureoilofamber,whichyoushouldputonthefireinanironvessel,andadd a single grain of the confection from the glass vessel, which youshouldmeltuntilitisentirelyblendedandmixedtogether.[337]

When this is done, take twoounces each of incense and galbanum,and suffumigate with them. As the smoke rises, say: "Yetayroz,Maharahetym,Faytoliz,Andoraruz.[338]Imovetheheartof thiswomanN.,herspiritandherwilltowardthismanN.,andImovethespiritofherheart toward him with love and desire, forbidding her sleep, rest, andtranquility,sothatshewillnothaveanypeaceinsleeping,waking,rising,or sitting. I attract and draw her spirit andwill toward him by virtue ofthese spiritual spirits: Hueyquitayroz, Hedilez, Menueriz, Meyefurez."[339]Whenyouhavesaidtheforegoing,taketheaforementionedoil,and(ifyoucan)anointwithit thewomanforwhomtheaforesaidworkingisdone.Ifyoucannotdothis,putitonsomethingfromwhichitsodorshallarise, so that she for whom theworking is donewill smell it. At once,when she is anointedby this or smells it, her spirit andwill by a strongmotionwill bemovedwith a strong love anddesire toward theman forwhosebenefit thisworkingwasdone, and shewill havenopeace eithersleepingorwakingorrestinginanythinghntilshecomestohim,obedientandtame.

Ifitsohappensthatyoucannotgivethistoherbymeansofitsodor,makean imageofwaxformedinher likeness,whichyoushouldgive totheman,sothathemayholdit inhishands.Suffumigateitwithincenseandgalbanumforthreedayssuccessively,thatis,attherisingoftheSun,repeating the words given above and suffumigating with thesuffumigation, and anoint yourself with the oil mentioned above.Whenyouhavedoneeverythinginthismanner,herspiritandwillwillbemovedtowardhimwithlove.

Ifyouwishtodotheforegoinginanotherway,takemyrtlebranchesor those of another sweet-smelling tree such as apple, and anoint themwithtwograinsoftheaforementionedcompoundedmedicine.Suffumigatethemwithincenseandgalbanum.Whileyousuffumigate,saythesewords:"Neforuz, Hemiruliz, Armulez, Feymeriz.[340] I move the heart of thiswomanN.andherspiritandwilltowardthismanN.,andImoveherspiritand nature toward him in love and desire. I take away from her sleep,waking,and rest insleeping,waking, rising,andsitting. Idrawand leadher by virtue of these spiritual spirits:Venehulez,Mantayriz, Feymulez,Berhunez."[341] Then make whoever you wish (that is, the woman forwhomtheworkingisdone)smelltheodor.Whenshesmellsit,herspiritand will at once will be moved by a strongmotion and great love anddesire,sothatshewillbeunabletobestillortorestinanywayuntilshecomesobedientlytotheplaceofthequerentandfulfillsallhisdesires.

Ifyouarenotabletodothisbymeansofodor,however,makeawaximage aswe said above.Let the agent (that is, hewho commanded thatthisworkingbedone)taketheimageintohishands,andtaketwoounceseachofincenseandgalbanum,whichheshouldcastontothefirewithhisown hands. Then instruct him to say the words: Heydinez, Beyduriz,Affihuz,Deriyenuz."[342]Whenhesmellstheoil,atthatinstanttheworkis completed. At once the spirit and will of the woman for whom theaforementionedworkhasbeendone,aswellasherheart,willbemovedbyastringmotioningreatloveanddesire,andshewillnotbeabletorestin any manner of quiet or tranquility until she comes obediently to thequerentsdesire,readyandabletofulfillhiseverywish.

These four images,composedaswehavesaid,arecalledDecaytus;they are those thatCaynez the sage recounted for the unionofman andwoman.

Foracquiringtheloveofaking.Whenyouwishtoattracttheloveofakingandhisbeneficencetowardthepeople,takevirginwaxthathasnotbeenusedforanyotherpurpose,andfromitmakean imageof thekingwhosedispositionyouwishtoinfluenceasjustsaid.Thentake1/2ounceof gazelle brains, one ounce of rabbit brains, and two ounces of humanblood;mixthemtogetherinanironvessel,andletthembeputonthefire

untiltheyareallmixed.Tothatmixtureaddoneounceeachofpowderedcamphor and amber, and 1/2 ounce nutmeg, adding these to the firstmedicine.Leave ituntilall ismeltedandblended together.Thenmakeasingleopeningintheheadoftheimage,bywhichyoupourthemedicineintothebellyoftheimage,andthensealuptheopeningwellwithwax.

Then take four ounces each of human blood, the blood of a whiterooster,andhorsebrains,1/2ounceeachofnutmegandcamphor,andtwoouncesofmeltedbeef fat.Let thesebecombinedandheldover the fire.Makeanopeninginthethroatoftheimage,pourthemixtureintoit,andletitcool;thenclosetheopeningwithwax.

Nexttakeafinesilverneedlethatisnewandhasneverbeenusedforanyotherpurpose, and thrust it through thechestof the imageso that itdoes not pass into any other part of the image.While you do this, say:"Acriuz, Fendeyuz,Nephalez, Feyeduz."[343] Then put the image in anearthenwarevesselandsealitwithluting.

Then take one ounce each of incense, powdered galbanum, and theeyes of white roosters, and mix them together. Take the image and theaforesaid suffumigationanda thurible, andclimbahighmountain, fromwhichyoucanseetheking'scity;makeapittherethesizeoftheimage,andburyitthereheaddownward.Onthemouthofthepotorvesselputastoneortile,andputearthuponituntilitisentirelycovered.Whenthisisdone,putthesuffumigationontothefire,andwhilethesmokerises,say:"Acderuz,Madurez,Feyleuz,Hueryreliz."[344]Thensay:"IturntheheartofthiskingN.withlove,friendship,goodwill,andmercytowardthismanN. and this peopleN., by the virtue and power of these spiritual spirits:Hueyfeduez,Affimuz,Beefinez,Medariuz."[345]Knowthatthekingwilldelightinthatmanorthatpeople,andgranttothemhisfavor.

Forgeneratingenmities.Hesays:aconfection togenerateenmities,whichisgiveninfood,anditisthis.

Take1/2ounceeachofthebileofablackcatandthebrainsofapig,twoouncesofthefatofablackdog,andtwograinsofsweetmyrrh.[346]Whenthisconfectioniseatenitattractsspiritsofenmityandillwill.

Forthesame.Taketwoouncesofthebrainsofablackcat,oneounceeachofpig'sbileandbrains,and1/2ounceeachof thepenisofablack

dog,sweetmyrrh,andammoniac.Fromallthesethingsblendedtogether,makeasuffumigation,anditwillbeasabove.

Forthesame.Takethreegrainsofblackdog'sbile;twoounceseachofpig'sbrains,blackcat'sbile,piggrease,sulfur,sweetmyrrh,blackcat'seyes,andoilofcaubac;twograinsofcopper,fourouncesofthebrainsofablackdog,andoneounceofhairfromitstail.Ifyoumakeasuffumigationfromallthismixedtogether,itwillgenerateillwillandenmity.Acertainsageworkedwithalltheseconfections,andassertedthathefoundthemtobetrue.

That amanmay have no desire forwomen.When youwant to dothis,take1/2ounceeachofthebrainsofablackcatandmandrakeseeds.Mixthesetwotogetherandblendwell.Thenmakeanimageofwax,andmake a hole in the top of his head, intowhich you pour the confection.Then takean ironneedle,and into the image (that is, in theplacewheredelightinwomenis)thrusttheneedle.

Then take four ounces of pig's blood; two ounces each of rabbitrennet and swallow brains; and one pound each cow's milk and myrtlejuiceMixall these together,andwhenyouwish to takeawaysomeone'sdesire for women, give him this to drink, and suffumigate him withincenseandgalbanummixedtogether,anditwillhappenasyoudesire.

ChapterElevenTheeffectsofmagicalimagesindiversethings,aswellasin

alterationsofsight,sothatthingsareseenotherthanastheyare;andcausingsleepandwaking,andmakingpoisonsandtheirremedies

Ihavefoundthefollowingconfectionsinbookswrittenbythosewhowerewise in this science,noneofwhicharementionedby theaforesaidCaynez.First,tobindtonguessothatnothingevilissaidofyou.

When you wish to bind tongues so that they may speak no evil,compound the confection that follows. Take the tongues of all thefollowing,thatis:thetongueofacrow,aneagle,atoad,awatersnake,awhitedove,awhiterooster,andahoopoe.[347]Powderallthesetonguesandmixthemtogether.Thentakeonegrainofpearland1/2ounceeachofgold,silver,camphor,borax,andaloes.Powderalloftheseandmixthem

together, and add them to the powder described above, and blend thewholemasswithhoney.Thenputitinawhitesilkcloth.

Thentaketwohairsfromtheeyeofahawk,twohairsfromtheeyeofapeacock,theliverofahoopoe,theliverofachicken,twowingbonesofadove,andtwowingbonesofahoopoe.Powderalltheseandblendthemwithmilk, andput them in theaforementionedwhite clothwith the firstmixture.

Thenmakeanimageofwhitewax,whichyoushouldnamewithyourown name;write your name and the figure of the Sun on its head, andsimilarlyon itschestwriteyournameand the figureof theMoon.Thenwrapthisimageinanotherwhitesilkcloth,andputitinthemidstoftheaforementionedmixture,andtieitallupwithsilkthread.Whoevercarriesanimagethuspreparedwithhimwillbeholdmiracles,norwillanyonebeabletospeakillofhim,andhewillbelovedandvaluedbyall.

For love. Take five ounces of gazelle brains, one ounce of leopardblood,andtwoouncesofrabbitrennet.Mixthesetogetherandblendwell.Givethismixtureinfoodordrinktowhomeveryouwill,andyouwillbelovedbythatperson.

For the same.Take twoouncesof thebloodofawhitedogand thesame amount of its brains, and four ounces each of gazelle brains andhumanblood.Whenthisisallmixedandblended,suffumigatewhomeveryouwillwithit,andthatperson'sspiritwillbemovedtowardyouinlove.

For the same. Take two ounces each of the brains and blood of awhitedoveandthebloodofaneagle,oneounceofrabbitrennet,and1/2ounceofhawkbrains.Mixallthesetogetherandblendwell.Givesomeofthisinfoodtowhomeveryouwill,andyouwillbelovedbythatperson.

Forthesame.Takeoneounceeachofchickenblood,leopardblood,andrabbitrennet,andtwoouncesofhumanblood.Blendallthistogether,andaddoneounceofeyebright.Suffumigateanyonewiththisconfection,andyouwillbelovedbythatperson,whosespiritandwillwillbemovedtowardyou.

Forthesame.Taketwoounceseachofsparrowbloodandbrains,oneounceeachofmousebloodandbrains,fourouncesofhumanblood,and1/2ounceofeyebright.Mix them,andgive inadrink towhomeveryou

wish.Forthesame.Takethebrainsofablackcatandhumanurine,inequal

parts.Mix them,andgive themin food towhomeveryouwish;and thatperson'sspiritandwillwillbemovedtowardyouinlove.

Forthesame.Takefourounceseachofthebloodandbrainsofareddog,twoounceseachofrabbitrennet,doveblood,andchickenblood,andoneounceofeyebright.Mixall these,andsuffumiagewith itwhomeveryouwish.

Forthesame.Takeeightouncesofdonkeyblood,andoneounceeachoffoxbloodandhedgehogblood.Mixthesewell,andtothismixtureaddtwoouncesofeyebright.Suffumigatewiththiswhomeveryouwish.

For generating enmity and discord. These confections arecompounded for enmity and illwill.Take four ounces of the bloodof ablack dog, two ounces each of pig blood and brains, and one ounce ofdonkeybrains.Mixallthistogetheruntilwellblended.Whenyougivethismedicinetosomeoneinfoodordrink,hewillhateyou.

Forthesame.Takefourounceseachofblackcat'sbloodandchastetree,twoounceseachofthebrainsandbloodofakite,andoffoxblood,andfourouncesofchastetree.Powderthechastetree,andthenmixitwiththeothers. Ifyousuffumigatesomeonewith this, itwillexpel love fromhim,andhiswillandspiritwilldrawbackfromlove.

Forthesame.Takefoxbloodandapeblood,twoouncesofeach,andoneounceeachofcat'sblood,wolf'sblood,apebrains,andpigbrains.Ifyoumixthesetogetheruntilwellblendedandgiveittosomeoneinfood,itwilldothesameasabove.

Forthesame.Taketwoounceseachoftoadbrainsandcranebrains,fourounceseachof thebloodofa reddogand thebloodofablackcat;andoneounceeachofpork fatand thebrainsofa reddog.Mixall thistogetherandaddtoitfourouncesofcinquefoil.Withthis,suffumigatethepersonyouwanttohateyou.

For the same.Take four ounces each of human blood and donkey'sblood,andoneounceofleopard'sblood.Mixitalltogether,andgiveitinfoodtowhomeveryouwish;anditwilldothesameasabove.

Forthesame.Takefourounceseachofthebloodofablackdogand

thebloodof aneagle, andoneounceofdonkey'sblood.Heat them,andmixwithtwoouncesofchastetree.Makeasuffumigationofthismixturefortheoneyouwanttofeelhatred.

The following four suffumigations cause enmities, hatreds, anddepopulations.Thefirstofthemisthis.takeequalpartsofbloodofablackcat,brainsofareddog,andbloodofafox.MixthemtogetherandaddtothemSt. John'swortandchaste tree, twoounceseach.Suffumigatewiththiswhomeveryouwish.

Thesecond,forthesame.Takefourounceseachofpigrennet,porkfat,andmouseblood,andoneounceofbrainsofanarrahamaMixallthis,andaddSt. John'swortandcinquefoil inequalparts,makinganamountequal to the other ingredients. Powder all together, and suffumigatewhomeveryouwish.

The third, for thesame.Takeeightounceseachofcranebrainsandkitebrains,andoneounceeachofrabbitbrainsandbloodanddonkeyfat.Mix together, then add an amount of chaste tree equal to the otheringredients.Whomeveryousuffumigatewiththiswillbecomeasabove.

The fourth, for the same.Takeoneounce eachof crow's blood andvulture's blood, and four ounces each of donkey fat and blood. Mixtogetherandaddanamountofchaste treeequal to theother ingredients.Whomeveryousuffumigatewiththiswillbecomeasabove.

Forthesame.Takefourouncesofblackcatbrains.Powderthis,andmixitwithanequalamountofdriedandpowderedhumanfeces.Givethisinfoodtowhomeveryouwish,andhewillhate.

Aristotle said: "Whoever truly knows and is instructed in theseparationsandunionsofspiritsandnatures,andunderstandstheorderingof the macrocosm and microcosm, will know the separations andconjunctionsofallthingswithoneanother,spiritualaswellascorporeal."[348]

Herearesevenconfectionsthataregiventomeninfoodsothattheycannot performwithwomen. The first is this. Take two ounces each ofhorsebrains,pigfat,andblackcat'sblood.Mixallthesewithoneounceofpowderedcolocynth,andgivealittleofthismixtureinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

Thesecond,forthesame.Takehorsebrains,pigfat,andwolf'sbloodinequalparts.Givehalfadraminfoodtowhomeveryouwish,anditwillbeassaidabove.

Thethird,forthesame.Takeapebloodandbrains,ostrichfat,andtheeyes,horn,andtongueofdeer,allinequalparts.Powderthemallandmixtogether,andgive1/2ounceinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

The fourth, for the same. Take four ounces of donkey brains, oneounceofporkfat,andtwoouncesofhorseblood.Mixthemall,andgive1/2ounceinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

Thefifth,forthesame.Takefourouncesofpowderedpigbones,twoounces of persimmon leaves, and two ounces each of burnt wolf hair,black cat's eyes, anddonkeybrains.Mix themall together, andgive1/2ounceinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

Sixth, for the same. Take equal parts of black cat's blood and thebrainsofaseacow.Mix them,andgive1/2ounce infood towhomeveryouwish.[349]

Here are seven confections that will cause sleep and quiet all thespiritsofthebody,anditwillbebelievedthattheykill.Thefirstofthemisthis.Takeequalpartspig'sbrainandthebrainofachamois(whichisananimallikeadeer),andaddaquantityofmandrakeseedequalinweighttoboth.Give1/2ounceinfoodordrinktowhomeveryouwish.

The second, for the same. Take four ounces of wild black poppyseeds,andoneounceeachoffoxbrains,humanbrains,andpigbile.Mixthem,andgivealittleinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

Thethird,forthesame.Takeequalpartshumansweatandthebloodofablackcat,andaquantityofmandrakeseedofaweightequaltoboth.Mixthem,andgive1/2ounceofitinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

The fourth, for the same. Take 1/2 ounce each of pig's brains andblackcat'sblood.Mixthem,andgiveinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

Thefifth,forthesame.Takeequalpartsdovebrains,pig'sblood,andgreasefromtheserpent that iscalledthedeafadder.Mixthem,andgive1/2ounceinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

Thesixth,forthesame.Takefourouncesofcaturine,twoouncesofhorsesweat,andoneounceofcolocynth.Mixthemall,andgive3/4ofan

ounceinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.Theseventh,forthesame.Takeequalpartsofthejuiceofwildrue,

humansweat,andpigbrains.Mixthemall,andgive1/2ounceinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.Thisconfectionkillsthevirtueofthevictim'sspirits.

Here are ten confections that cause sleepanddeath. In theBookofMethedeyhoz, similarly, are found these ten confections that cause sleepanddeath.

The first of them is this. Take two ounces of coagulated urine of ablackcat,andoneounceeachofmousebrainsandchamoisbrains.Give1/2ounceinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

The second, for the same.Takeequalpartsofpigbrains, pit sweat,andsaltofhumanurine.Mixtogether,andgiveinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

The third, for the same. Take two ounces each of ape grease, dogbrains,andbloodofaracanorlagarius(whichisalargegreenlizard).Mixtogether,andgive1/2ounceinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

Thefourth,forthesame.Takeequalpartsdonkeybrainsandhumansweat.Mixtogether,andgive1/2ounceinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

Thefifth,forthesame.Takehumanspermandgazellebrainsinequalparts,andanimalsweatofaweightequaltoboth.Mixtogether,andgive1/2ounceinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

Thesixth,forthesame.Takehumansweatandgazellebrainsinequalparts.Mixtogether,andgive1/2ounceinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

Theseventh,forthesame.Takeblackcatbrains,batbrains,andwolfgrease in equal parts. Mix together, and give one ounce in food towhomeveryouwish.

The eighth, for the same. Take equal partsmouse brains and blackcrow'sblood,and1/2partcolocynth.Mixtogether,andgiveoneounceinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

The ninth, for the same. Take two ounces each of bear's bile andbrain,andoneounceeachmousebloodandblackcatgrease.Mixtogether,andgiveoneounceinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

The tenth, for the same. Take equal parts ape brains and humanbrains.Mixtogether,andgiveoneounceinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

These ten confections justmentionedhavevirtues andpowers fromtheplanetsandfixedstars,bymeansofthevirtuesofthethingsofwhichthey re composed, from which, by a certain mixture, a spiritual powerresults.TheforegoingarefoundinthebookthatisnamedHedeytoz,[350]whichwascompiledbyHermesthesage.

Inthisbookhedescribedaformofcompositionthatcauseswonders,andrepelsallwitchcraft[351]frommen,thatis,fromthosewhocarrythisconfectionwiththem.

Against witchcrafts and enchantments of men. Take the spine andheadofafrog,andgrindthemtogether.Puttheminasilkclothwithoneounce each peony, barberry [aloaxac?] and donkey brains. Let whoeverfears witchcraft carry this with him, and he will be safe from it. Thisconfectionwasmade byGalienus for a certain kingwho reigned in histime.

Wonderswhicharemadewiththingsbelongingtothehumanbody.Intheaforementionedbook, thesamesagesaid that in thehumanbodyaremanywondersof theworksofmagic,whenoneworkswith themas thesageswhodiscoveredthisscienceusedtodo.Amongthem,Hermeswroteof a marvelous confection which displays many wonders, and which ismadeasfollows.Heusedtotakeanintacthumanhead,freshlykilled,andput it into a large jug.With it he put eight ounces of fresh opium andenough human blood and sesame oil, in equal parts, to cover theaforementionedhead;hethensealedthejartightlywithluting,andputitonamildcharcoalfirefor24hourswithoutinterruption.Thenhetookitfrom the fire and let it cool.He strained the foregoing, keepinghis facecovered,andfoundthatithadallmeltedtothesimilitudeofoil,whichhesetaside.

Hesaidthatthereweremanymarvelsinthatoil,andthefirstisthatitallowsyoutoseewhateveryouwanttosee.Ifyoulightalampwiththeforegoing oil, or anoint someonewith it, or give a little of it in food tosomeone,youwillseewhateveryouwish.

Toappearintheformofwhateveranimalyouwish.Taketheheadoftheanimalanditsgrease,andscialtanuts,usingasmanyoftheselatterasyouwish.Coverthemwithoilinajug,andputonagentlefireforaday

andanight,untilalltheoilflowsfromthem.Whenithascooled,strainitwell. If you light a lampwith this and anoint someone's facewith it, hewillappearintheformofthatanimalstandingupright.Thismaybedonewiththeheadsofdiverseanimals,andinthesamewayhewillappearasdiverseanimals.

For takingawaysenseandthought.Taketheheadofaman,freshlycutoff,andputitinalargepot;andputhisspleen.,heart,andliverwithit.Theninthesamepotputtheheadsofthefollowinganimals,thatis,ofacat, a fox, an ape, a chicken, a hoopoe, a crow, a kite, a bat, a goose, aswallow, a tortoise, and an owl. Cover them all with oil, and seal themouthofthejarwellwithluting;putitonagentlefire,andletitremainthereforthreedaysandasmanynights.Thentakeitoffthefire,andletitcool.Straintheforegoingwithyourfacecovered,andsetasidetheoil.

Thentakethebonesoftheaforementionedheads,andburntheminadifferentoiluntiltheyarereducedtopowder.Mixthepowderwithblackhenbaneseedsandscialtenuts,andkeepthiswithyouforuse.Whenyouwish toworkwith the foregoing,give someof thepowder towhomeveryouwish,infoodordrink,andlightthreelampswiththeoil;youwillseeit affect him. To make your body appear wondrous, take some of theaforesaidoilandanointyourfacewithit.Youwillbegintoilluminatethehouse by its light, and will appear to stand out as though you weresomethingmonstrous.

Forsendingawaysenseandmemory.Taketwoounceseachofhawkbrains, mouse brains, and cat brains, and 1/2 ounce each of sulfur andmyrrh.Mix it all and leave it to putrefy.[352]Whenyouwish to use it,take 1/2 ounce of it and an equal amount of crane feces. Mix themtogether,andcastthemontothefiresothatsmokerisesfromit.Whoeverbreathesthatsmokethroughhisnostrilswillbepossessedbyademon,andwilllosehissensesandmemory,andwillnotbeabletotellinwhatplaceheis.

Manyothermarvelsthataremadefromthehumanbody.Inacertainbookpublished byGeber the sage, I foundmanymarvels that aremadefromthehumanbody.Hesaysthis:I,Geber,haveseenthattheelementsaccomplishyour laborswhen theyarecombined;alone, theyaccomplish

nothing, because their existence remains in themselves. When they areconjoinedwithoneanothersothatallfourareunited,Ihaveseenthattheycreate and give birth, grow and live. When one of the four is lacking,however, I have seen that they cause death,withering, and corruption. Ibeginwithman,andfirstwiththehead.

Isaythatthehumanbrainhealsthosewhohavelosttheirmemory,iftheyeathisbrain.

Burnt skull bone, drunk with syrup of squill for nine days, healsepileptics.

Whoever carries a human eye together with a wolf eye cannot byhinderedbytheevileyeorbyanywickedtongue.

Humanhair,burnt,powdered,andmixedwithlaudanum,warmsthehead.

Thesalivaofayoungmanhealsscabiesiffrequentlymoistenedwithit.

Ifthesalivaofayoungmanorwomanisputontheheadormouthofasnake,thesnakewillswiftlydie.

Thetongueofawomanhelpsthosewhowishtotellliesandcomposeincantations.

Ifyouwishtostealorcarryoffsomething,carrywithyouthetonguesofamanandakite.

Water of blood imbibed in sublimated azernec makes the azernecenterintocopperthatismeltedinthefire.[353]

EarwaxmakestheSunandMoonswiftlymeltorsolidify,andwithitonemaymakethemsolidasquicklyaswithborax.[354]

Soupmadefromahumanheaddrunkmixedwithbrainshealsthosewhohavelosttheirminds.

ShaveyourfingernailsandtoenailswithaknifeofredcopperwhentheMoon is in conjunction with Jupiter, and burn themwhen she is inconjunctionwiththeSun;takepowdermadefromtheashes,andgiveitina drink to whomever you wish, or sprinkle it on his clothing; he willdelightinyou.

So that new leprosyor scabies,which is a kindof leprosy,will notincrease,givethepatientinfoodapowdermadefromtheburntendofa

humanpenis,anditwillspreadnofurther.Humanurineburnseveryplacewhereitgoes.Ifsomeonehasscabies,

washhimwithit,andhewillquicklybehealed.Humanfecesdriedinthesun,powdered,andputintogoldinwhich

thereisironcorrodestheironanddestroysit,andcleansesthegold.OiloffecessoftenstheSunandMoonandimprovestheircolor.[355]Whoeverhasadeadlyillnessinhisthighs,lethimwashhisthighsin

water of feces that has been distilled three times, and put powdered,calcinatedfecesonit,andhewillquicklybehealed.[356]

Onewhosuffersfromanacutefevershouldwashhisheadwithwaterofhumanblood,andhewillbehealed.

When awound iswashedwithwater of blood, and the calx of thesamebloodisputonthewound,itwillbecured.[357]

Allcombustion,whetheroffireorburningwater,iffirstwashedwithwaterof feces,and then treatedbyapplyingapowderofcalcinedblood,willbehealed.[358]

Ifyouseeasickpersonwhocannotbehealedbyanymedicine,washhimwithwaterofblood,andhisconditionwillimprove.

Whoever has great internal dryness in his body, give himwater ofbloodtodrink,andhewillbehealed.

Ifsomeonesuffersfromdiarrhea,givehimdropletsofbloodtodrink,andhewillbehealed.

If someone has a quartan fever, take a human arm bone and thetopmostwingboneofagoose,andhavehimcarrythemwithhim;hewillbehealed.[359]

Everymanwhosuffersfromnightmaresshouldbewashedwithwateroffeces,andhewillbehealed.

OiloffecesdistilledthreetimesandimbibedwithanamalgamoftheSunandgreenwaterofalfaditewithdissolvedcinnabarwater, tingestheMoonandothermetals.[360]

Acollyriumofhumanbilehealsweepingeyesandcataracts.[361]Whoeverhasacancerorafistulashouldburnblood,andmakeacalx

fromit,andputthecalxonthecancerorfistula;butfirstwashtheplacewithdistilledwaterofblood.

Human feces dried in the Sun are very strong and sharp, and takeawayrheumatismanddiseasefromhorsesandotheranimals,andhelptheeyes,andtakeawaycataractsfromtheeyesofbeasts.

Women'smenstrualbloodgiventoamanmakeshimleprous,andifitisputinsomeone'sbath,hewillsoondie.

Thecure:takehumansemen,andgiveittohimtodrink.Similarly,hewillbecuredifacertainherbcalledmalebarberryisgiventohim.

Take the membrane around the human heart, and pour into it thebloodofthreeothermen,andcallupondemons;theywillanswer.

Takeyoursweatinaverycleanandbeautifulbasin,andthenputitinaglassvessel.Putintoitscrapingsfromthesolesofyourfeet,andalittleofyourfecesdriedintheSun,andonerootoftheherbthatiscalledfuinArabic,andinLatinvalerian.Givethisinadrinktowhomeveryouwish,andhewilldelightinyou.I,Geber,havetestedthis,anditisentirelytrue.Women, however, addwater withwhich they havewashed their thighs,whilekeepingtheirbuttocksturnedtowardtheeast.

All flesh and bone of men, when burnt, moves and provokesbenevolence.

Threemeasuresofhumandeath,thatis,youshouldmeasureacorpsethreetimes;andwiththesamemeasure,youshouldmeasurealivingman'sarmfromtheelbowtothelongestfinger,andagainfromtheshoulder tothe same finger, and then from thehead to the feet.Hewillwaste awayanddie.

Blood taken from the fingers of the left handwhen theMoon is inconjunction with the Sun, and from the other when the Moon is inconjunction with Venus, and given to someone when the Moon is inoppositiontotheSun:thisprovokesdelight.ThisisanexperimentoftheEgyptians,andIhaveseenittestedmanytimesanddiscovereditsvirtue.

Wateroffecesandofsnailsdissolvestartar.Quenchsheetsofcopperinit,andtheywillbecomewhite.Putfeatheralumanddissolvedazechinit,anditwillbebetter.

Taketheskinofawoman'svulvaallthewayaround,sothatitretainsitsopening;andifyoulookatsomeonethroughit,itisthesignofdeath.Thisisathingofgreatsacredness.Inthesameway,itcausesillness.This

wastakenfromthoseamongtheGreekswhowerecalledEphesians.Skinahumanpenis,andtanandsoftentheskinwithsaltandwheat

flour,thewaybeltleatheristreated,youshouldknowthatyouwillbeabletobindandloosenwithit.

Human testicles, dried and powdered, and eaten with frankincense,mastic, cinnamon, and cloves, makes men young again and gives themverygoodcolor.

Ahumaneye tiedup inasnakeskincausesanyonewhoseesyou todelightinyouandnottohinderyou,buttobegoodtoyou.

Whoever suffers froma feveror aheadache, ifyouanointhisheadwithbreastmilk,thepainwillberemoved.

Breastmilkwithopiumbringssleeptothefeverishandinsomniacs.Ifyouwishtogosafelyonajourney,makeonepillfromyoursemen

andyourearwax,andsuspenditfromyourneck,andyouwillgosafely.Certain sages used to carry this with them, saying that a great manyproperties were hidden in it. Some of them thought there were 72 suchproperties,toallofwhichtheyusedtoassignreasonsthatnonewereabletocontradict.

The umbilical cord of a newborn wrapped in a red cloth with thetongueofagreentreefrog,whoevercarriesthiswithhimwillbehonoredbyhislordandbyothersaswell.

Whoever has an illness with pustules, or scabies, should anointhimselfinhotsunlightwithwaterofblooddistilledthreetimes,andthenputon the earthof blood,[362] andhewill be healed. he shoulddo thissevenormore times.Thiswehavealreadydemonstrated in thebookOnProperties.

Therightarmofamanandtheheadofarabbitkeptinanyone'shomehaspoweragainstlies.

Alcoholofhumanbilewithcateyeshelpsandmakeskeenthesight,andwhoevermakesthiswillcausemarvelousthingstoappearanddemonstobeseen.

Takehumanblood,andgrinditwithlodestoneandthedeadlyluculathatiscalledHerbofLight.Makeamassofit,andkeepitwithyouinalittlevesselofgoldorsilver,andyouwillhavepoweroverenchantments

andtricksandlies,andaboveallifyouhavecollectedtheherbwithyourownhandsandthebloodisfromyourownbody.

AcertainpersonfromBaldach,however,toldmethattheherbthatinArabiciscalledfu,inLatinvalerian,andinGreekamantilla,hasasimilarvirtue. He said also that the virtue of this confection was to causebenevolencewheneatenorgiveninadrink.

Takethevulvaofawoman(thatis,theskin)andcarryitwithyouinayellowclothwithaserpent'stongue;andyouwillhavethepowertomakediscords and friendships. The same may be done with the hair from awoman'schest.

Allof theforegoingarefoundinacertainbookpublishedbyGeberthesage.InthebookMethedeyhozIfoundtheexperimentswrittenbelow.

To take away sight by suffumigation. Take the blood of dogs,donkeys,cats,goats,andcows inequalparts.Mix thesebloods together,andputthemonagentlefireuntiltheyareallblendedintoone.Thenputinto it one part each of powdered azernec and sublimatedmercury.Mixwellandputintoajar,whichyoushouldsealwellwithlutingandburyinmanureuntil itputrefies.Then take itout,andbewareof itsodor. Ifyouput1/2ounceofthisconfectioninfire,anyonewhobreathesitwillhavethesightoftheireyesclosedoffbyamist,andtheywillbeunabletoseelightanymore.Tocure, takefennel juiceandgreencoriander juice.Mixthemandputthemintheeyes,andbythistheblindnesswillbehealed.

For takingaway speech.Take twoounces eachof cat bile andbearbile,fourouncesofbatblood,and1/2ounceseachoflettuceseed,blackpoppy seed, andmandrake root.Liquefy the blood andmix in the otheringredients,blendwell,andallowthemixturetodry.Thenpowderitandmix itwith oldwine agedmanyyears, andmake lozenges of 1/2 ounceeach.Ifyougiveoneofthesetoanyoneindrinkorfood,hewilllosethepower of speech completely, norwill he be able to communicate in anyway.Tocurehim,letthemouthofthepatientbefilledwithoilorbutter,andhavehimholdhismouthclosed.

For takingawayhearing.Takemandrake,cowbile,andgoatbile inequalparts.Mixthemtogetherandpowderthem;whentheyarepowdered,let themputrefy.Give1/2ounceof this in food towhomeveryouwish,

andhewillcompletelylosehishearing.Tocure,putjuiceofrueintotheearsofthepatient,andhewillbehealed.

Forgeneratingdiscordandenmity.Taketheheadofaracanusandanasp,thehairofadogandofablackcat,inequalparts.Mixthemtogether,andburntheminajaruntil theycanbepowdered.Ifyouthrowsomeofthis in aplace amongpeople, hatredandquarrelingwill increase amongthemuntiltheykilloneanother.Tocure,takefourouncesofmallowseedsand twoounceseachof thebloodandbileofawhitedove.Let thesebepowdered, and mixed with the blood over the fire; and make lozengesweighing 1/2 ounce each. When you wish to take away this discord,pulverizeonelozenge,andcastthepowderintheplace,thatis,wheretheother powder was thrown. At once the aforesaid spirit of discord andhatredwillbetakenawayfromthere.

Confection for sleeping. Take 1/2 ounce each of opium and blackhenbane seeds, and 1/6 ounce each nutmeg, lady's bedstraw, and freshaloeswood.Powderthemandmixthemwiththejuiceofgreencoriander;and let it putrefy in a jar so that their complexions and spiritsmaymixwithoneanother.Thentakeitout,andgive1/2ounceinadrinktoanyoneyou wish, and he will sleep for a great space of time during which hecannotbeawakened.

For the same. Take four ounces each of scialte nuts, red azernec,mandrakeseedsoritsbark,andblackpoppy;sixouncesofautumncrocus;and two ounces of henbane seeds. Mix them all together and allow toputrefyforthreedays;whenthisisfinished,removethem.Give1/2ouncetodrinkmixedwithwinetowhomeveryouwish.

Forthesame.Takeequalpartsofopium,mandrakebark,lettuceseed,branches of scialte nut, arcole juice, black hellebore, and black poppyseed.Powderthemall,mixthemtogether,andblendwithaquantityofoldwineagedformanyyearsequalinweighttoalltheforegoing;andleaveittoputrefyforsevendays.Thentakeitout,andgive1/2ounceinfoodtowhomeveryouwish.

For the same. Take henbane juice,mandrake juice, green corianderjuice, lettucejuice, juiceofscialtenuts,andspringcrocusinequalparts,andopium,atenthpartofalltheforegoing.Mixthemtogether.Thentake

asyrupmadefrommashedfigspressedfourtimesinanoilpress,blendanegg into it, and take of this syrup an amount equal to all the otheringredients.Mixthemtogether,andletitputrefyuntilallthecomplexionsandspiritsareunited.Nevergiveadoseofthisconfectionlargerthan1/4ounce,andthisisbecauseoftheverygreatstrengththatitsspirithasintheforegoing.

Adeadlypoison.Takeequalpartsdriedscorpions,scialtenuts,blackpoppy,andcolocynth.Mixthemtogetherandpulverizethem,andletthemputrefy.Becarefulofthisbecause1/2ounceofitwillkillaman.

For the same. Take soapwort, ariole, and fresh eyebright in equalparts.Mixthemtogether,andlet itputrefywithaquantityofviper'sgallequalinweighttoalltheprecedingingredients,thatis,letitputrefyinanjar appropriate for it, and leave it until it has putrefied.Then remove it.Beware of this, because its excessive heat and superfluous sharpnessdamagesanddestroysthebloodoftheheatandswiftlykillsmen.

Forthesame.Takeasmanyfrogsasyoucancatch,andputthemonspits arranged as you wish (that is, as many as you wish on each spit)thrustingthemthroughfromthemouthtotheopeningoftheanus;andputthespitsupright,sothatthefrogsareplacedwiththeirmouthstowardtheground.Thenhavealeadenvesselinwhichyoucancollectoiltheoilthatissuesfromtheirmouths.Youshouldknowthatthelateroilismuchmoreeffective in thisworking than the first; save it for use.Oil of this kind,becauseof itsdamage to themembersof thebody,verypowerfullykillsandharms.The firstwhodiscovered thisdeadlypoisonwasRufus,whotestedit,andfoundgreatwondersinit.

Awonderfulcompositestoneagainstpoison.ThekingsofIndiawereaccustomed to have this stone made as described below, because thewonders it wrought in defending them against all danger from poisonexceeded all the other noble things that were around them. Thecompositionofthisstoneisasfollows.Taketheeyesoftendeer,andtheeyes of ten vipers or other venomous snakes; if you cannot get vipers'eyes,asmanyaswillweighasmuchastenofthem;andtakeasmuchoftheheadof a toad as equals theweight of oneof them.Let all thesebedriedandwellcleaned,andpowderedveryfinely,untilitwillpassthrough

afinecottonsieve.Thenlet itbeput inaglazedpotwithaverynarrowmouth.

Then take sharp wine flavored with cedar, and turnip juice, eightounces each, andoneounce eachof cleanwhite spiderwebs andmastic;the spiderwebs shouldbechoppedupas finelyaspossible, andputwiththemasticintothetwojuices.Letthemremaintherefortwodaysandasmanynights;thentakeitupandstrainwellandcombinewiththepowderinthejugalreadymentioned.Whenthisisdone,sealupthemouthofthejartightly,andbudyitinburntstraw,leavingitthereuntilallisdissolvedand reduced to the appearanceofoil.Thenmix itwithwater, andput itback in thesameburntstrawuntilall thewater isconsumed,and turnedbacksothatitcanbecoadunated.

Whenthisisdone,takeitoutandputitinanemptyeggshellsothatitbecomes round. Put another eggshell over it and seal it well, and put itback again in the same burnt straw, and leave it there until it is partlycoagulated.Thentakeitout,piercingapinholeinit,andwrapitinasilkcloth,andputitinbreaddoughandbakeitinapan.Whenitisdone,takeit out andput it in the stomachof somekindof fowl, andwhen it is soplaced, roast the fowl. Then take it out of the stomach of theaforementionedbird; ifyoufindthat it iswellsolidifiedintheformofastone, that is good; if otherwise, put it in the stomach of another bird.Roastasbefore,andproceedinthesamewayuntilitbecomesastone,andputathreadthroughthepinhole,andbythisthreadtieitovertheloins.

The kings of India used to make such a stone in this way, andcontinually wore it over their loins. The effect of this stone is that ifanythingpoisonouswasputbeforethewearer,infoodordrinkoranythingelse,thestonewouldbemovedwithagreatmotionandwouldsweatwithagreatsweat.ThisisverywellknownamongtheHindus,anditoneofthegreatmarvelsthatareamongthem.

TheonewhofirstcompoundedthisstonebyhisownlaborwasKingBehentater,whowasoneofthekingsofIndia,andagreatsage.Itwashewho built the city ofManif, inwhich he builtmighty buildings, and inthosebuildingsconstructedimagesthatspoke.Heitwaswhodiscoveredhow tousenumbers tomakecomputations for love,which isoneof the

great wonders the Hindus have. When two people were given thesenumbers in food or drink or in any other manner, they became greatfriends and well pleasing to each other. If the aforesaid numbers werecarved inwood,andbreadoranythingelseediblewas sealedwith themandyougaveittosomeonetoeat,hewilldelightinyouwithagreatlove.If those numbers arewritten on your clothing, your garments cannot betakenawayfromyou;[363]andifyouwritethemonbannersthatareputinthestreettodrawbusiness,theywilldrawbusinesstoyou.

Thelesserofthesenumbersis220,andthegreateris284.[364]Theway touse thesenumbers isas follows.Write the smallerand the largernumber in the figures of al-Khwarismi. Give the lesser in food towhomeveryouwish;youshouldeatthelarger.Theonewhoreceivesthesmallerwillbeobedienttoyouasthelesserisobedienttothegreater,andyouwillbedelightedbyhimbecauseofthemarvelouspropertyandpoweroftheaforesaidcomputations.Thesecomputationsmaybedonesimilarlywith raisins,andpomegranate seeds,andeatingwhateverother fruityouwish. This is done by the number, and not by the figure.[365] I haveexperiencedtheaforesaidcomputationsmanytimes,andhavefoundtruthinthemasnarratedabove.

Thiskingmade twelve festivals for thepeopleofEgypt[366] in thetwelvemonths,thatis,oneineachmonth.Thenhemadeahousewhollysurroundedbyimages,andtheseimagesusedtocurethepeopleofEgyptofall infirmities. In theheadofeachof themthe infirmityassigned to itwasportrayed.Thepeopleofthatplaceveryoftenusedtocurethemselvesof their infirmities by those images in the following way. They wouldapproachthe images,anddescribe their infirmities to the imageassignedto thesame infirmity, fromwhich theywanted tobehealed;andatoncetheywerehealed.Thesamekingalsomadeanimageintheformofamanlaughing, and thiswas the virtue and power of that image; anyonewhowasoppressedbysorrowandmelancholywouldlookatthatimage,andatonce hewould be cheerful and laughing, and the thoughts that troubledhimwouldbehandedovertooblivion.Allinall,theeffectsofhisimagesproceededsothat that thepeopleofthatcityusedtoworshipthekingasthoughhewasagod.

Thesamekingalsomadebronzeimagesinthatcitywithtwowingsextended,andthesewereentirelycoveredwithgold.Thenhesettheminplace in the city. Their virtuewas that allwho passed by them,man orwoman,who had committed adultery, uncovered their natures, norweretheyabletopassbythoseimageswithoutuncoveringthemselves.Allwhouncovered themselves, fornicators and fornicatresses alike,were led intothepresenceoftheking,andweretrulyknowntobeguiltyofthatcrime,andpunishedjustlyaccordingtothelawsofthatcity.Forthisreasonboththemenandthewomenofthatcityusedtoshunthatformofwickedness.

The same king alsomade an earthenware vessel that he filledwithwater, and his entire army used to drink from it without decreasing thewaterinit.ThiskinglivedinthetimeofAlexandertheGreat,anditissaidthathepresented thisvesselwithsomeothermarvels tohim.Thevesselwasconstructedby the artificialmagisteriesof science, thepropertiesofnature,andtheknowledgeofthestrengthsofthespiritsoftheplanetsandthefixedstars.

InthissamewaywasmadethepillarthatAcaymkingofIndiamadeinthegateofthecityofNube,whichwasmadeofblackmarbleandwascompletely full of water. Nomatter howmuch was taken out of it, thewaterneverdecreased;andthiswasbecauseitattractedthemoistureoftheairbyvirtueofthemagisterybywhichitwasmade.Thekingconstructedthisworkforthebenefitofthepeople,onaccountofthedistanceofthatcity from the banks of the Nile and its closeness to the salt sea, andbecauseofthislatterithappenedthatbythesun'srays,fromthewaterofthesea,drewupgrossandhumidvapors,fromwhichthemostsubtlewerepurified of their salt in the air, and by the most suble magisteries ofgeometry and the science of magic, used to desdend into that pillar asthoughtheycondensedoutoftheair.Itwasforthisreasonthatwaterwasneverlackinginthepillar,becauseoftheaforementionedattraction,whichhappened in the same way that the bloodstone attracts whatever is putaroundit.

Beyondthese,theHindushaveothergreatmarvels,someofwhichIproposetorelatepresently.Forprohibitingeverymotionofthebody.Takeahumanpenis, andchop it intopieces, and stir it intopowderedopium,

scialtenuts,andalittleazernec.Thenput it intoa leadvessel toputrefy,andbewareof it.Whenyouextract it fromputrefaction,youwill find itliquefiedandasthoughreducedtooil.Ifyougivealittleofthisoilinfoodor drink to anyone you wish, all his senses, motion, and spirit will beclosedandstupefied,norwillhebeabletomoveanypartofhisbody.TheHindususedtoperformmanywonderswiththisoil,mixingitwithotherthings, giving it in food, and revealing thatwhich they desired and thatwhichwasoutsidetheircustoms.Theywouldgiveitinfoodtowhomevertheywished,andbythistheywoulddemonstratewhattheywantedneverto be revealed, and would even transform men into whatever figure orformtheywished.

Thatyoumayappear in the formofanyanimalyouwish.Take thesemenofamanwhoiscompleteinallhismembers,andputitinanegg(that is, in the shell)mixed together with the semen of any animal youwish.Sealtheeggwellandleaveittoputrefyinhotmanureforthreedays.Whenthisiscomplete,takeitoutofthemanure,andintheeggyouwillfindthesimilitudeofananimal.Takeitoutandputit insesameoil,andleave it for threemoredays.Thatanimalwilldrink thatoilduring thosethreedays,andwhileit isstill living,let itbegroundinthatsameoil.Ifyou light a lampwith the oil, anyonewho anoints his face with it willappear in the form of the animal whose semen you used. This wasconsideredamongtheHindustobeanoblesecret, thattheywouldneverrevealamonganyonebutthemselves.

Thatamanshouldbeunabletoleaveacity.Takeaman'ssemenandalittleofhisblood,andcookitwithtwicetheamountofhoneyuntilallthe semen has dissolved into the honey. Then cook the honey until it iswellbrowned.Givethisfoodtowhomeveryouwish,thatis, tosomeonewho intends to setoutona long journey.Whoevereatsof itwillnotbeabletoleavethecitythatday;rather,hewillremainthereasthoughraptandinsensible.

Agreatwonderofmagic.TheHindusalsomakeanothercomposition,with which they used to perform great works of magic. This is itscomposition.Theytookasow,andclosedherupinanemptyhouse.Oneroomof thehouse theypreparedwith iron and tin so that she couldnot

leavethehouse.Inthesamehouse,nexttothesow,theywouldputaboarinaroompreparedthesameway,andoncethiswasdone,theyremainedin that place for 24 days. They would begin this work when the Sunentered the first degree of Capricorn. Each day they would give themcrumbledwheatbreadsoakedinmilktoeat,asmuchastheywanted.Attheendofthose24daysthesow,havingthegreatestdesiretocouplewiththe boar,would bemoved by so great amotion that from her flowed agreatquantityoffemaleseed,[367]similartocoagulatedcow'sblood.

TheHinduswouldmakegreat artificesbycollecting this seed; theywouldputitinaleadvessel,sealitsmouthwell,andputitinmanurefor24daystoputrefy.Attheendofthosedaystheywouldremoveitfromthemanure,andwhentheaforementionedvesselhadcooled,theywouldopenitandfind in itananimal thatmoved.Theywouldfeed it for threedayswithnutsandmilk,aswehavesaidaboveconcerningthesow.Attheendof the three days they would drown it in oil, with which they wouldperformgreatmarvelsofmagic,givingitinfoodandlightinglampswithitandanointingfacesandbodieswithit,andmanyothermarvelsthatarenotworthrelatingbecauseof theirprolixity.Weask,however, that thosewhoperform the foregoingkeep it as the greatest of secrets, anddonotrevealittoanyoneexcepttosomeoneelsewhoisexpertinit.

ChapterTwelveRulesNecessaryinthisScience

Thosewhointendtoinvolvethemselvesinthisscienceoughttoknowthatitisbytheworksandexperimentstheydointhisworldthatprofoundandsecretsciencesareknown,andbyworksandexperimentsdoubtsaresolved.[368] This is becausewhen anyone accomplishes his desires, hisdoubtsaresettled.Youshouldindeedbegreedyinallthethings,andaboutallthethings,thatwehavetaughtyousofar,andyoushouldbefaithfulintheoperations themselves,andcontinuallyobserve thewaysof thesagesand the habits of the ancients in the operations of this science. Fromunlawfulfoodsandpleasuresyoushouldstayasfarasyoupossiblycan;indeed, you ought to think of the salvation of your soul and the love ofGodasassiduouslyasyoucan,becausedesireandloveattractspiritsand

incline you to follow spiritual effects, and complete and reveal all theirpropertiesfurtheringthethingthatisdesired.

IfthatorientationbetowardGod,WhoisthebeginningandendofallthingsandtheperpetualandeternalLordofLords,thenthatlovewillbedurableandperfect. If that love instead is fixedoncorporeal things, thatlovewill beunstable anda corruptible and terminating love.Thewill isdivided intodifferentkinds, for there isa lovewhich isaccompaniedbyhealth and honor is that love which is fixed on God the sublime andexalted, and to this kind belongs the love of fathers, teachers, and holymen; likewise the loveofpietyand the loveofchildren.There is a lovewhich is advantageous and helpful, and this is the love of people whodelight in helpingone another freely.Thewill,when it ismost acute, iscalled love, and as we have said above, when we put another ahead ofGod,thatoughtrightlytobecalledcorruptiblelove.

We base our entreaties onGodHimself, thatHemay so illuminateyourmindandspiritthatHisprofoundsciencesmaybeopenedtoyou,andthatHemayprotectanddefendyoufromtheconspiraciesofthecommonpeopleandofevildoers,andthatyouwillnotrevealanyofyoursecretstotheignorant,becauseitisthusthattheybecomethemurderersofholymenandprophets.

Nowthepropertiesthatareproposedandtheexamplesthataregiveninthebooksoftheprophetsconcerningthisscience,ifyouweretotrytodeducethembyexperiment,wouldseemtobeofafraudulentnature,norwouldyoubeable todeduce theeffectspromisedby themineternity. Ifyouunderstandthem,however, in themannerwehavesaid(that is,withthe right attitude and steady faith and an understanding of the causes ofeffects), then theywillbe seen tobenoble,high, andprecious, andof anature remote from the merely animal in man. If we ought properly toobeyourparents,whogave lifeandbeing tous,weoughtevenmore toobey theprophetsandsaintswhogaveusexamples, thatby their ruleoflifeoursoulsmightbesavedandwebeledtoperpetuallife.Whenvirtueis found in our bodies, on account of the perfection of the elementalbodies, then that virtue cares for andgoverns our bodies in their figuresandeffects,anditisnotseparatedfromthemuntilitspropertime.

This is what the prophets call nature. They call it natural becausevirtue of this kind is the cause of the government of bodies for adeterminatetime,inwhateveraccordstothenaturaldivisionofeachone.For this reason it iscallednatureby them,becausenature is theprimaryinnateprincipleofallanimalsandplants.

Here is an example. A stone that is thrown falls back down by itsnature,andthisisnotbythesizeofitsbody,becauseotherbodiesarenotsimilartoitinsize,butratherthiseffecthappensinanoppositeway,asinthecaseoffire,whichascendsmorequicklythelargeritsbodyis;thisisunderstoodtobetheprincipleofthismannerofmotion,andthisiscallednature. Furthermore, they call this motion "nature," and again, they saythatthenatureofanelementisitsformandnaturalshape.

Forthisreasonphysiciansusethisnoun,"nature,"forthecomplexionand the innate heat and for the forms and figures of the body and formotionandspirit, and it isusedaccording towhatever their intention is.Nowintruththisnoun,"nature,"isanequivocalname,becauseitisusedforeverybodyandall itsproperties,andforthehumors, theelementsofheaven, and the virtues thatGod has placed there that are the causes ofgenerationandcorruption,movementandrest,inallthingsthataremovedandmadetorest.Forthisreasonaboveall,thesageshavedefineditastheendandbeginningofmotionandrest.

Thephilosophershavesaidthatcorporealformcannotexistinbodiesexceptbythemediationofheavenbetweenthemandspirit.Platodefinesitthus:natureisabodyperfectformakingbeings.Galienussays:natureisthenaturalheathelpingthebodyandremovingcorruptionsanddetrimentsfromit,insofarasitisable;andwhenthevirtueofthebodyconcurswithitandmakes itapt forgovernment,conduct,andsoon.Abenteclis says:foritisasimplebodyhavingoneformandonefigure,andinitispowerand life,but it itself is the formof life, asappears inchildren, towhosenature a certain magistery preserving life is given by nursing, sleeping,etc.;andwhenit is taught toartificial things, theworkof themagister isaccomplished. Ihave recounted the foregoingonly toclarify the lightofyour intellect, because I have striven in all things to be instructed andlearned in the creation and contemplationof everymanner of being that

maybefoundintheuniverse.Bydoingthesame,youwillhaveanadeptmind,bytheintellectualconjunctionofthepossiblewiththeagent.Thusitiscompleted.

ThisfinishesthethirdbookofPicatrix;thefourthbookfollows.

BookFour

Here begins the fourth book, inwhich is revealed the properties ofspirits,andthosethingsthatarenecessaryinthisart,andhowtheymaybehelpedbyimages,suffumigations,andotherthings.

ChapterOneBywhatvirtueandforcespiritproceeds,andwhatarethepropertiesofspirits,bodies,sense,intellect,andsoul,aswellasthedifferences

betweenthem

The ancient sages agree in this, that God disposed five things andorderedthembydegrees,puttingthenoblestinthehighestdegree,thatis,prime matter and prime form,[369] which is the primal source of all;second, perception or intellect; third, spirit;[370] fourth, the nature ofheavenlythings;andfifth,theelements,andthingsmadeoftheelements.First,however,heplacedinhishighestheavenacirclewherenoothergodandnootherlordbutHimselfcouldremain,andHeordainedthatallotherlightshouldemanatefromthere;andthence,byHispower,hedistributedandspreadknowledge,andthenobilityoftheothervirtuesthatpertaintothatvirtue.

PerceptionandintellectHeputinthefirstcirclebelowthatone,fromwhichtheydescendsimilarlytothewaylightdescendsfromthatone;andthence,byHispower,knowledgeandthenobilityofvirtuesthatpertaintoit are emanated. Next below He placed the circle of spirit, from whichspirit is emanated similar to the way light emanates from the first;knowledgeandthenobilityappropriate to it (that is, thatwhichproceedsfromthecircleofspirit,aswellasfromthecirclesaboveit)flowforthbymeans of it. Then in order below spirit he placed nature,[371] whichproceedssimilarlytothefirst;andbyHispowerthenobilityappropriatetoitwasgeneratedinitbythosethingsthatareaboveit.

Itisthereforeclearthatthefirstformismorenobleandineverywaymoresubtle thanperception,asperception ismorenobleandsubtle thanspirit, and spirit than nature, and nature than the elements. Each of the

aforesaidHeputoneaboveanotheraccordingto theirpropermeasureofdistance,asthoughtosaythatthefirstisabsolute,pureinitself,andfreefrom all grossness;while the second has in it a littlemore grossness ormateriality than the first, and less than the third, and so by degreesdescending to the elements and elementary things. This is because thatprimeessenceshinesmorebrightlyinitself,whileotherthingslackingitspurity,downtothenecessaryendpoint,returntoitastheycreatespecies,that is, as subordinate genera, they return to themost general genera, aseach receives nobility from its superiors and distributes its power to itsinferiors.

PresentlyHecreatedandformedtheheavens,andplacedtheheavenof spirit in themidst of four other heavens, of which the two above it,thoseof theprimeessenceand intellect, are luminousandclear, and thetwobelow,thoseofnatureandtheelements,areshadowyandobscure.Buttheheavenof spirit, as a subordinategenus, receives theknowledgeandnobility appropriate to it from the superiors and distributes them to theinferiors.

In the end, spirit is conquered and illuminated by the two heavensabove it, and receives from them light, knowledge, and nobility. Spirititselfismostfullyformedwhenitreachestowardtheheights,andresidesin the place where it was made and created, and whence it receivesfortune, goodness, and light; this place is called paradise. But spiritconquering the two heavens below it is shadowy, miserable, andunfortunatespirit,anddescendstothelowestthings,andresidesinaplacewhereitisheldcaptiveandcanfindnorest;thisplaceiscalledHell.

Again, this same spirit created animals and vegetables and all solidbodies. These do not receive perception and knowledge from the primeform; the latter distributed very little to them, since they were notappropriatetoit.They,however,areconqueredbythetwolowerheavens(thatis,thoseofnatureandtheelements),andresideonearth,wheretheyexist, remain, and are created.All the aforementioned proceed from thedivinepowerandvirtue.

Here is an example. Trees are born in the earth, their beginning istheir roots, and their ends are the branches, leaves, and fruit born from

them. Their roots draw in the vegetable virtue from themoisture of theearth,whilethetwigsdrawitfromtheair.Thosetreesinwhosenaturetheearthlymaterialdominatestheaerialhaverootslongerthantheirbranches,and conversely, when air predominates over earth, the branches growlongerthantheroots.Therefore,toconfirmtheaforesaid,weseewithoursenses treesandothervegetablesborn in theearth thathaveroots longerthantheirbranches,andviceversa;andtherearetreeswhoserootsdryoutbutnottheirtwigs,andviceversa.

Wesee thesamethinginbirds,amongwhomthosewhosenature ismoreappropriatetotheearthflymoreheavily,whilethemoretheirnatureisassimilatedtoair,themorelightlyandswiftlytheyfly.Thesameistrueofhumanbeingswho,themoretheirnatureiscompoundedofthesubtleelements and the more it is purified of grossness and feeds on lighterfoods, the more subtle and spiritual, and the more able to understandspiritual things, theybecome;while tothecontrary, themorethathumanbeings are composed of earth and the grosser elements, and feed oncoarser food, the lessable theybecome toascend tospiritual things,andthe more accustomed they naturally become to gross and corporealperceptions. By this it is clear that evil proceeds from corporeal things,whilegoodproceedsfromspirit.

Matter, however, is divided into two parts, that is, spiritual andcorporeal. The spiritual portion is the firstmatter,which is the supernalworld,andthefirstform,whichisthespiritualfirstelement(thatis,sense,soul,nature, theelements,and thebeginningsofeverykind thatarefirstpurifiedofmatter),andthefirstunity,whichremainsindivisibleasitisaunity,apoint,andthe like,andthatwhichcannotbedividedbytime,astheinstantofthebeginningofaline,whichisapoint.Corporealmatteristhatwhich is composed of the elements, such as animals, trees, and thelike.

Furthermore,matter is either simple or composite. Simplematter iseverything above the heavens, and composite is everything that existsbelow the heavens, and thus canbeperceivedby sight and experienced.Bandaclis the sage said that allmatter that can be perceived by the fivecorporealsensesiscorporealmatterandentirelycomposite,andwhenitis

of this kind, it is corrupted and changed, becoming a localized thinglacking a location.[372]Allmatter that cannot be perceived by the fivecorporealsenses iscalledsimplematter,pure,spiritual, luminous,stable,andexalted.

All matter that can be perceived by one of the five senses[373] isintermediate between simple and spiritual matter, on the one hand, andcomposite and corporeal matter on the other. Thus what is corporeal isheldbycorporealbodies,andwiththesetheypassthroughchangesoftimeandcolor,whilewhatisspiritualremainswithlightandexaltedspirit,andwiththeseenduresforinfiniteages.You,however,whoproposetostudythisbookshouldconsiderhowyoumayleadyoursoultothedegreeandunderstanding of the blessed spirits, which you may do if in all yourdoingsyoustrivetofollowthespiritualpart,thecognitionofwhichdiffersfromthatofbeasts.

The sages disagree, however, about the properties of sense and itsdivisions.[374]For thisname,senseor intellect[375], isusedby themtodenotefourdifferentthings.Inthefirstsense,itisusedtodescribereason,because humanity, distinct from all other animals, who lack sense anddiscretion, is disposed to receive knowledge and the secret labors of themasters;andthepropertyofsenseisthatitisdisposedtotheacquisitionofknowledge.SenseappearsfromthisasadivinelightinfusedbyGodintotheheart,whichdisposes it to see andunderstand things exactly as theyare. This is the opinion of one party of the sages who discussed thissubject.ThusSeusdalissaidthattheword"human"isequivocal,thatis,itrefers both topeople inwhom intellect is active and topeople inwhomintellectislacking.

Thesecondopinion.Senseisthatwhichisrecognizedbyknowledgeand apparent to the senses, as in childrenwho are able to perceive verylittleofthesecretsofnature,butwhoapprehendnatureasthoughthiswasnaturallygranted to them: forexample, innumbers, they recognizewhattwo plus one is, and that two bodies cannot simultaneously occupy thesamespace,andthatitisimpossibleforonebodytobeintwoplacesatthesametime.Onepartyamongthesages,speakingofthis,assertthatthosewhodenythisopiniondemonstrateitstruth.

Thethirdopinion.Sense,accordingtoanotheropinionoftheancientsages,consistsof thatwhichhasbeenprovenby longexperience.Thosewho lack cognition or sense thus ought rightly to be called imbeciles,fools,blind,andstupid.

The fourth opinion. Sense, according to others, consists of naturalcognitionswherebyareunderstoodtheprofunditiesofeternalthings,fromwhich the corruptible things of this world descend.When these naturalcognitions are found in some person, we say that he has the sense toovercomeandconquerhisbestialnature,andisassimilatedtothespiritualandeternal.Thisisthepropertybywhichhumanbeingsaredistinguishedfromotheranimals.

Thusthetwopriorarenaturalandthetwolatterareacquiredbystudyand learning.Thusa sage said: "I see that sense isof twokinds, that is,naturalandacquired."Theacquiredcannotbehadinanywayotherthanbymeansofthenatural,justasthelightofthesunislittlehelptoaneyethatisnaturallydefective.

Here we proceed to another, higher distinction of sense.[376] Theancientsagesdividedsenseintosixparts,ofwhichtwoarecomprehendedbywords, that is, the general sense and the universal sense, so that wespeak of the natural and universal spirit; which they understand in thisway,thatallthingsaredividedintothreeparts,thatis,thebody,thenaturalsense, and the spirits of intelligences and the angels who move theheavens.Ofthesethefirstandlowestobtainsitsplacefromthetwolatter,thesecondweconsiderthemostnobleofall,andthethirdweknowtobethemediumbetweenthem.

Thereasonwhywesaythesecondisnobleristhatitispurifiedofallmaterial dependence; while separated intelligences and the angels whomove the spheres are intermediate between these, since they move theheavens,bythemotionofwhichtheactivesensesworktheireffects.Thegeneral sense, however, is that which we have described above in thedivision of sense, that which is removed from form or matter, becausewhenwespeakofmaningeneral,thisisunderstoodtomeanthereasonofrationalmenorthereasonofwhichallmenarecapable,bywhichtheyaredistinguishedfromallotheranimals.Thistheycallthegeneralsense.

Universalsense,however,isexpressedintwoways,ofwhichoneismore appropriate to the word, for by it is understood the genus of thewholeuniverse.[377]Thesecondkindofreason is thatwhich,accordingto the way the explanation of these names is understood, is a kind ofproperty apart from material things and all their parts, which is movednaturallyandnotaccordingtoaccident.Ofthisgenusthelowestgradeisactive sense,which isassigned tohumanspiritsand thehigher sciences.[378]Thisgenusistheprincipleofallthingsthatfollowthefirstprinciple;andthefirstprinciplegovernseverything.

The second of all, according to this intention, is the ninth sphere,which goes around once each day and night carrying the other sphereswhicharecaughtupinit.Byreasonofitsmagnitudeandcapacity,whichcontain all other bodies, it is called the body of the universe.[379]Thereafter, according to this opinion, the universal sense is a substanceequally distributed in all its parts, apart from matter. It moves itself,desiring to assimilate itself to movement. Its movement has beendiscoveredtobethebeginningofeverything.ThusthefounderoftheLawsaid that the first thing created by God was sense, which by divineaspirationbegantomove.

Thegeneralspirit,however,iscalledmanydifferentthings,andtheseall have names corresponding to their subjects, and all of them areassignedasspiritstotheirproperbodies.Thespiritoftheuniverseisthesenseoftheuniverse.Thuseverysubstancethatiswhollyincorporatedinthe moving heavenly bodies overflows, and this is according to thestillnessofsense.Therelationshipbetweenthespiritofallandthesenseofall,however,isequaltothatbetweenourspiritandouractivesense.Thespiritor intellectof theuniverse is theprinciplebywhichnaturalbodiesareperceived,and thegrades thereof inreceivingperceptionaccordwiththe grades of sense in all things, and the perception of the one isassimilatedtothatoftheother.[380]Theforegoingaretherulesthathavebeenfoundconcerningsense.

Aristotlesaidthatthesenseofthesensingspiritisreceivedfromthatwhich is sensed. If anyone asks inwhat way the spirit understands, theansweristhattherationalspiritdiscernsbythelightofthesenses,whenit

desirestoknowanything,andwhenitreceivesthissamelight,itrejoicestherein and achieves its intention. Its light extends over all perceptiblethingsuntil it is closed in sleep,whereinall sensing spirits are stupefiedand relaxed, and towhich all intellectual spirits are subject. If someoneobjects to this, saying, ‘Who knows whether the spirit understandssomethingwhileitissleeping?'Ianswerthatsomethingremainsfromthespirit,evenasheatremainsfromfireafterthefirehasbeenextinguished.According to the unity of the sensewith the body, it can be terminated,despitetheviewofonepartyofthesages.

Empedoclessaidthatsenseisnotabletobeterminatedbecauseitisasimple substance, and simple substance has neither genus nor differencebecause it is not separated. A definition cannot be completed except bygenusanddivisions.[381]He says further that sense isdivided into two,thatis,ageneralsensethatcontainsallthingsvirtuallyandisnotfatiguedthereby (and is itself all things in itself in its own substance, and iscoextensivewithtime,whichdoesnotprecedeitbyasingleinstant);theotherisanobleandselectedsense,whichispurifiedandconsoled,whichisonlyfoundinthehumanbody;andthenonlywhenithasbeenpurifiedto itsproperpurityandconsoledfor itssorrow.It is the lightcastby thelightofthegeneralsense.

The soul is a spirit of divine intelligence,which divine intelligencecreatedandplacedinthebodywithoutanymedium;andHeplanteditinthosebodieswhich follow the light of theSun, because it is by theSunthat, by means of rays, He touches the bodies themselves. Souls areorderedinnaturalformsaccordingtotheireffects;andfromHimcomethecapacities of sensation, estimations or cogitations, imaginations,stillnesses,memories,andthelike.

One party among the ancient sages determined this: Nature is adurablemotionbywhichcorporealagentsareperfectedorcompleted,andlivetheirpotential.

ChapterTwoWhatvigorthespiritoftheMoonbringstothisinferiorworld,and

whatoughttobedonewitheachofthesevenplanets

Youshouldknow,however, thatonepartyamong theChaldeanandEgyptiansagessaidthattheMoonpoursoutandtransmitstheinfluencesoftheplanetstothiscompositeworld.Becauseofthis,theydidworkings,sacrifices,andprayerstotheMoonherselfuponheringressintoeachsign.HereIhaveopenedtoyouthesameworkingsofothernations,andwhatissaidhereistranslatedoutoftheArabiclanguage.

HowonecanspeakwiththespiritsoftheMoon,andfirst,whensheis inAries.Whenyouwish to attract thevirtue andpowerof theMoonwhensheisinAries,atthehourwhensheiscompletelyrisen,becausethatis better and more useful for your petition; in that very hour, put on acrown and go to a green andwatery place near the banks of a river orrunningwater.Takewithyouaroosterwithadividedcrest,whichyouwillbeheadwiththeboneofanotherrooster,asyoumustnotinanywaytouchthatroosterwithiron.TurnyourfacetotheMoon,forthisisaverygreatsecretamongthem.[382]Putinfrontofyourselftwoironthuriblesfullofburningcoals,inwhichyoushouldcastsuccessivelygrainsofincense,sothatthesmokerisesuptowardtheMoon.Thenstanduprightbetweenthecensers, and say: "You, O Moon, luminous, honored, lovely, who withyour light shatters the shadows, you ascend in your rising and fill everyhorizonwithyourlightandbeauty.Icometoyouhumbly,seekingwealth,forwhichIhumblyaskyou."Herestateyourpetition.Thentaketenstepsforward,always lookingat theMoon,andrepeating theaforesaidwords.Carry one of the thuribles with you, into which you should cast fourouncesofstorax.

Thenburnyoursacrifice,anddrawthefollowingfiguresonaleafofcannabiswiththeashesofthesacrificeandasmallamountofcrocus:

Then burn the leaf. At once, as the smoke rises, you will see before you thefigure of a handsome man dressed in the finest clothes, standing between thethuribles,towhomyoushouldaddressyourpetition,anditwillbefulfilledbyhim.Atanytimeafterthis,whenyouwishtoasksomethingofhim,repeattheworkingjustgiven,andtheaforesaidformwillappeartoyouandansweryourquestions.

When theMoon is in Taurus.When theMoon is in Taurus, and youwish toattracthervirtueandpower,youshouldknowfirstofall that theMoonhasdiverse

effectsanddiversepowersineachoneofthesigns.Whenyouwishtodothiswork,gotothesamekindofplaceaswassaidoftheothersign,[383]andbringwithyouone rooster and one thuriblewith fire. Dress yourself in linen garments dyedwithalayeronor pomegranate rinds, andwear a hooduponyour head.You shouldhaveonegourdfullofwaterinwhichnutwoodhasbeenboiled.Takesomeofthewaterinyourrighthand,pouritintoyourleft,andwashyourhands,arms,andfacewithit.Becarefulthatthehooddoesnotfallbackfromyourhead.Thenwashyourfeetwiththeaforesaidwater.Thentakeanewrushmatorreedmat,onwhichnohumanfoothaseverstepped,andletthismatbewrappedentirelyinalinenclothpaintedgreenandred. From the placewhere you are standing, or from the cloth that covers themat,jump and land with both feet on the aforesaid mat, and say: "Ribharim ribharimcaypharim caypharim dyaforim dyaforim." [384]Repeat these names twenty times.Thenstandupright,andgobacktothegourdofwateralreadymentioned,andagainwashyourhands.Thenbeheadyoursacrifice,andsayingthesamewordsagain,burnit.Continually,whileyouperformthisworking,suffumigatewithincenseandmastic.Thenyouwillseethefigureofaman,towhomyoumayaskyourpetition,andwhatyoudesireshallbeaccomplished.

Somethingthatappearsinthisworkingremindsmeofacertainpersonwhohadafriendwholosteverythinghehadandfellintogreatpoverty.Hesaidthatthelordofhisfriend'sascendantwasSaturn,andSaturnwasaninfortunetohimandthesourceof his poverty. He showed his friend how to pray to the Moon when she was inTaurus.The frienddid thewholeworking,and thereappeared tohim the formofaman,towhomheaskedhispetitionanddescribedhispoverty.Itseemedtohimthatthemantookhimbythehandandledhimtoacertainditch,andtoldhimtodigthere.Hedidso,andfoundatreasuretherewhichmadehimarichman.

When theMoon is inGemini.When theMoon is inGemini and youwish toattracthervirtueandpower,gotoahighplacewherethewindsblow.Takewithyouarooster,andtheaforesaidsuffumigation,andarulerofyellowbrassthreecubits[385]long and a thurible of the samebrass, inwhichyou light a fire and fan itwith theruler;andinthemidstofthefireputapoundofstorax.Holdoneendoftheruleroverthefire(thatis,whilethesmokerises)andpointtheotherendtowardtheMoon.Thenput on the fire threeouncesof incense and a little amber, andhold the ruler in thesmokeaswehavealreadysaid.Thensitbefore the fire in the thuribleand take therulerinyourhands,andmakeacirclewithit,insuchawaythatyouareatthecenterofthecircle.Thentakesevenheapsofdriedbeanstalk,andputtheminsevenplacesaroundthecircumferenceofthecircle.Divideyoursacrificeintosevenparts,andputeachpartontooneoftheheapsofbeanstalk.Whenthisisdone,kindlethefirewiththerulerintheaforesaidbeanstalksuntilthesacrificeisburnt.Thereafter,standinthemiddleofthecircleandsay,"You,OMoon,refulgentandluminous,honoredinyourrealmandgatheredintotheplaceanddegreeofyourexaltation,becauseyougovern

thisworldbyyourpowerandspirit--Icall toyouandIaskofyourspiritualpowerthat you will do this for me." Then state your petition; supplicating and praying,prostrate yourself to the ground and say "abrutim abrutimgebrutimgebrutim"[386]twenty times. Then raise your head above the ground, and youwill see a form asdescribedabove,towhomyoushouldspeakyourpetition,anditwillbeaccomplishedeffectually.

When theMoon is in Cancer.When theMoon is in Cancer, and youwish toattracthervirtueandpower,climbuptoahighplace,wherethereisaspotelevatedaboveanampleplain.Then look to therightand to the left,beforeyouandbehindyou, listening, and holding a turtle-dove in your hand. Behead it, and take fourfeathersfromitsrightwingandthesamenumberfromits left;cutoff itsbeak,andburnitcompletely.Thentaketheaforementionedfeathers,mixthemwithtwoouncesofcolocynthandfourouncesofstorax,andputallthisinasinglepan.Thentaketwoouncesofwhitebehem,whichmustbeaddedtotheashesofthesacrificeandmixedwiththejuiceofbirthwort,andoutofthismakethefigureofamanridingonalion.

Whenthisisdone,riseupandraisetheimagebeforeyou,andlightafire,intowhichyou shouldputyour suffumigation, and say: "You,OMoon,whoare full oflight,repletewithbenevolenceandbeauty,andequalinyouraltitude,Ipouroutmyprayerstoyouandsendmypetition."Whenthisisdone,makeacircleintheearth,andinthecenterthereofputtheimageyouhavemade,afterwritingonitthenameofthat which you wish to turn aside. Then go back and repeat the same words, andprostrateyourself to theground.After this, riseup, and take sixouncesofvinegar,anddissolvetheimagecompletelytherein.Addonegrainofnutmeg,aquarterounceofamber,fourouncesofgall-nut,andoneandahalfpoundsofstorax,andputitovera fire until it is well boiled. Out of it make pills weighing one ounce each, andsuffumigatewith these to theMoon for sevennights (that is, burningonepill eachnight),andsavetherest.Thesageswhohavelaboredat thisworkhavesaidthat, ifyousuffumigateanyoneyouwishwiththissuffumigation,andtheybreathetheodor,theywill never be able to disobey your commands.Manywho have practiced thisscience, when beginning a journey on which they faced lions, bears, serpents,scorpions,andothernoxiousanimals,were freed fromexperiencinganyharmfromthemthroughworkingwiththeaforesaidsuffumigation.

WhentheMoonisinLeo.WhentheMoonisinLeoandyouwishtoattracthervirtue and power, go to an uninhabited place, and carry seven thuribles with you,which you should place in a circle on the ground in such a way that one cubitseparates each thurible from the next. Between each thurible and the next put agoose'seggonwhichiswrittenthesefigures:

Thentakeaneedleofyellowbrassthreepalms[387]inlength,whichyoushouldhold inyour righthand;uponyourheadyoushouldat all timeshaveayellowhat,madeofwoolintheArabfashion,andyoushouldwearashirtofwool,dyedyellow.Inthecenterofthecircle,beheadaroosterwithadividedcrest,aswehavedescribedinthesignofAries.Thenburnthemeatofthechickeninthethuribles.Takesomeofitsbloodonthepointoftheneedle,andletitdripfromtheneedleintothethuriblesandonto theaforementionedeggs.When this isdone,count two thuribles from theone in front of you, and take the egg after that thurible, andput it beforeyou, andstrike it repeatedly with the needle, suffumigating with incense and yellowsandalwood,saying"Hendebhendeb"[388] fifty times.Then therewillcome toyouthetangibleformofasuperiorman,towhomyoushouldaddressyourpetition;anditwillbeeffectuallyaccomplishedatonce.

WhentheMoonisinVirgo.WhentheMoonisinVirgoandyouwishtoattractitsvirtueandpower,takethirtythrushesandbeheadthem,andcookthemuntiltheyare well done. Take them out when their feathers fall out of them, and salt themmoderately and save them for use.Do this thirty days before theMoon enters intoVirgo.Thereafter,eachdayeatoneofthem,aftersuffumigatingitwithfourdrachmsofcrocus;andafteryouhaveeatenit,youmustnoteatanythingelseuntilsixhourshavepassed.

Dothiseverydayforthirtydays,duringwhichtimeyoumustalsoabstainfromwine;attheendofthistime,washyourselfinthewaterofaneasternspring,andfromthewaterof thespring takesome ina jugofmediumsize thatwasmadewhile theSun passed through the fourth degree and theMoonwas in the seventh degree ofAquarius.Sealthemouthofthejugwithwaxthathasneverbeentouchedbyfire.

When this is done, betake yourself to an ample place, and carry before you athurible containing a quarter ounce each of incense and crocus; and say, "You, OMoon,arebeautifulandpositioned inaspectandcopious ingiving,greatandhigh;yourlightilluminatestheshadowsandsendsforthspirits,andyourbeautygivesjoytotheheart.Ibeseechyouandconfidesuchandsuchamattertoyou."Thentaketheaforesaid jug in your left hand, and say, "Haphot haphot," and digwith your righthandinthedirt,andcontinuallysaytheaforesaidwordwhileyoudig.

Dothisuntilyouhavemadeapitacubitdeep,andsetthejuginitwithitsmouthpointingtothesouthsideofthepit.Thenfillthepitagainwithearthuntilitssurfaceis level with the ground. While doing all this, say the aforementioned namecontinually.Afterward,drawthefigureofthethingyouwantonasheetofleadwithagoldenneedle,andburyitatthetopoftheaforementionedpit.Whenyouhavedonethis,yourpetitionwillbefulfilledatonce.

WhentheMoonisinLibra.WhentheMoonisinLibra,andyouwishtoattracther virtue andpower, gird yourselfwith a cordplaited from rushes of the sort thatgrowinwater,gototheeasternbankofariver,andburnyoursacrificebythebankof

thestreamnexttowherethecurrentofwaterruns,facingtheMoonthewholetime.Inyourhandyoushouldholdabrassslingstone[389]madewhenVenuswasretrogradeinTaurusandMercurywasinAries.Doallthisfivetimes,goingtothebankofthestreamandreturningeachtime.Whenthisisdone,strikethewaterofthestreamwiththeslingstone,thatis,whenthesacrificeisburnt,andsay:"You,OMoon,highandhonored!ToyouIofferandsendthissacrifice,andIdothisinordertoreceiveyourgrace,becauseyouhavepower togrant tomemypetitionandtofulfillmydesire."Then light a fire ofwild olivewood, and throw storax onto it, and run in a circlearoundthefireasfastasyouareable.Thenyoushouldprepareyourselfintheplacewhereyoumadethefire,andmakealineintheearthfromyourfeettothefire,andonthelinewritethisname:ganeytaniaganeytania.Thentaketheearthinwhichyouwrote the name, andmix itwith earth andwater that is notmoving; and from thismake two images, the other being in the form of anyone you wish.[390] Let theimagesembraceoneanother,thatis,ifyourworkingisforlove,andifitisordainedtoanotherpurpose,maketheminthatmanner.LetthemakingoftheaforesaidimageorimagesbedoneinthehouroftheMoon,asquicklyastheycanbe,andwhateveryouaskwillbefulfilled.

When theMoon is inScorpio.When theMoon is inScorpio andyouwish toattract her virtue and power, rise upwhen theMoon is in the thirteenth degree ofScorpio and go to a place inwhich there aremany dense trees, andmanywaters.Make a square figure on the ground, and cover it with the leaves of nut trees andleavesofcitronsandpines;sprinkleallof itwithrosewater.Thenputanewsilverthuriblebeforeyou,andinitpursomelignumaloes,storax,andincense,asmuchasyoucan.Thendressyourself inagarmentofpurewhite inwhichnoothercolor ismixed.

Whenyouhavedone this, set before you two clay thuribles full ofwater, andtakealittleclaypitcher,withwhichyoushouldtransferwaterfromonethuribletotheother, and from the latter, pourwater onto your sideswith the pitcher.Make yoursacrificeofanimalspertainingtothissign.Whenthisisdone,standonyourfeet,andfour timesprostrate yourself, and in eachprostration say, "Seraphie seraphie."[391]Thensitdownagain,andcastontothetopofthefirelignumaloesandincense,andput storax into whichever thurible you wish. Then prostrate yourself another fourtimesasbefore.Thenamanofseemlyandperfectformwillappeartoyou,whomyoushouldaskwhatsoeveryouwill,anditshallbefulfilledasyoudesire.

WhentheMoonisinSagittarius.WhentheMoonisinSagittarius,andyouwishto attract its virtue andpower (and the great sages considered thisworking to be averystrongandperfectwork,andmanyofthempracticedthisworkingofSagittariustofindtreasures),andwhenyouwishtodothis,performthefollowingworkingwhenMercuryisinthefourthdegreeofCancer.Atthattimemelttenpoundsofbrass,andoutofitmakefiveimagesintheformofdragons,anddothiswhileMercuryremains

inthedegreesofthesamesign.When the imagesare completed,proceed to a clear flowing stream,anddivert

waterfromthatstreambyfivesmallchannelsthatyoumake,whichflowoutoneafteranotheralongthecourseofthestreamwhereveryouwish.Ineachofthesechannelsputoneofthefiveimagesmadeintheformofdragons,asdescribedearlie,sothatthewater flows into their tains and out of theirmouths. Then take fivewineskins andplaceeachoneat themouthofoneof thedragons, so that thewater flows into thewineskinsfromthedragons'mouths,andleavethemthereforanhour.Thentakethewineskinsawayfromthemouthsofthedragons,andletthewaterfromthosedragonsflowoutontotheearthforanotherhourafterthat.Again,returnthewineskinstotheiroriginalplaces(thatis,eachoneofthemtotheimageatwhichitwasfirstsituated),and allow thewater flowing from themouths of the dragons to flow into them foranotherhour.Attheendofthathourtakethemawayasbefore,andproceedtoworkinthesamewayuntiltheyarecompletelyfull.

When theyare full,go twentypalmsbackfromthe riverwith them,andwhenyouhavewalkedthatfarwiththem,thewineskinsaretobeplacedonthegroundinacircle.Eachof them is tobepiercedwith a needle; and in themiddleof the circlemake apit, intowhich thewater goingout of thewineskinsmay flow, andnext toeachwineskinoneofthedragonsistobeput.Whenalliscompletedinthismanner,riseupand runback to thebankof the river, lookingcontinuallyat theMoon,andtakeintoyourmouthasmuchoftheriverwaterasyourmouthcanhold;andrunbacktotheplaceoftheaforementionedwineskins,andsprinklethewineskinsanddragonswithwaterfromyourmouth.Neareachofthedragonsplaceathuriblefullofburningcharcoal,intowhichyoushouldputamberandlignumaloes,norshouldthesmokebeextinguishedatanypointwhilethewaterflowsfromthewineskins.

Whenallthewaterisgone,takethedragons,puttheminthewineskins,andburythem in the pit mentioned above, and cover them with earth. When this isaccomplished, standupat thatplace, andbeheadyour sacrifice facing fifteen trees;andraiseyourheadtowardoneofthetrees,andasyoudo,say,"Harmumharmum."[392]Saythiswordfifteentimes,oncetoeachofthetrees,andthenyourpetitionwillbefulfilledatonce,becauseamanofbeautifulappearanceandgooddispositionwillappeartoyou,whowillleadyoutotheplaceinthefourquartersoftheworldwhereyouwillfindyourdesire.

Isaytruthfully toyouandIhadafriendonce,whodid thisworkingasIhavegiven it here; and when the working was completed, a man appeared to himwhoaskedhimforhispetition.Herespondedthathispetitionwasthis,thatthemanshouldshowhimanimagebywhichlosttreasurescouldbefound.Itseemedtohimthatthemantookhimbythehand,andledhimtoacertainplace,wherethemangavehimthebronzeimageofanelephantwhichheldanironkeybetweenitsforefeetandhindfeet.Itseemedtohimthenthatthemansaid,"Taketheelephant,andwanderwhereverit

leadsyou,andintheplacewherethekeyfallsfrombetweenhisfeet,youwillknowthattreasureistobefoundthere."

Myfriendtooktheelephantinhishands;andwhenhehadproceeded,holdingit,foradistanceof fourcubits, thekeyfell frombetween thefeetof thatelephant.Atonce he stopped, and dug a pit there, and in it he found that there were stairs.Descendingthem,hefoundagreathousefullofvesselsofgoldandsilver,aswellaspreciousstones.Hetookasmuchofthetreasureashecouldcarry,andreturnedwithanelephant,andtherebywasabletocarrythetreasureawaywithhim.

WhentheMoonisinCapricorn.WhentheMoonisinCapricornandyouwishtoattractitsvirtueandpower,whentheSunappearsinthesignofCancer,youshouldgointoahouseonlyjustlargeenoughfortwomen,andcoveritoverforsevendayswith fragrant boughs (that is, each day you must renew the covering with freshboughs).Ineachofthosesevendays,youshallsuffumigatetheaforesaidhousewithlignumaloesandincense.Attheendofthesevendays,gointothathousedressedinabeautiful red garment, and you will see that in the house is a covered table orsomething like it; and when you wish, you may uncover it, and say, "Heyerimheyerimfalsarifalsaritifrattifrat."[393]Thenleavethehouse,andproceedinacirclearoundthehouseseventimes.

Thensuffumigatethehousewithtwoouncesoflignumaloesinasilverthuribleforthespaceofonehour.Thengooutsideit,andagaingoaroundtheaforesaidhouseseventimesasbefore.Whenyouhavedonethis,offerupyoursacrificeofachicken,aswehavesaidmanytimesalready,andthenagainenterthehouse.Thereyouwillfindamansitting, towhomyoumustsay three times:"Iconjureyouby the lovelyand luminousMoon, adorned andhonored, that you speak tome."Speakwith himthen,andaskhimforwhateveryouwish,anditwillbeeffectuallyaccomplished.

Nowallthatwhichbytheoperationsofthesechaptersdo,forthemostpart,maybedoneinordertoacquirelove.Oneofmyclosefriendsoncehadahandmaidenthathesold.Afterhesoldher,hefellbackinlovewithher,andaskedthemantowhomhe had sold her if he could buy her back again, but theman refused to return her.Seeing that hewouldnot be able to get her again in thisway, he did the aforesaidworkasjustdescribed;atoncethemanwhoownedhertookastrongdisliketoher.Hesentamessagetomyfriendaskinghimtobuyher,accordingtohisdesire,fortheprice thathadbeenagreed.Seeing, though, that themanwasunhappywithher,myfriend recovered her for a more modest price. The foundation of this working,however,andothersofthesamekind,isthattheonewhoperformsthembeofgooddeeds and a follower of natural effects and far from all evil deeds; also let himbecleanandclearfromallvoluptuousnessandassecretashepossiblycanbe.

Here, however, Iwish to recount something that happened inourown time toonewhowished to attract thevirtueof theMoon,whoperformed thisworking forreasonsofnecessity,butspentacertainnightlivinginamannercontradictorytothis

operation.Onthenightwhenheactuallyperformedit, thereappearedtohimamanwhohadsomethinginhishand,whichheputinthemouthofthewould-bemagician;and at once hismouthwas sealed up, so that he did not seem ever to have had amouth.Thushelingeredforfortyhoursfullofthegreatestterror,attheendofwhichheperishedutterly.

WhentheMoonisinAquarius.WhentheMoonisinAquariusandyouwishtoattracthervirtueandpower,firstyououghttoreadwhatalltheancientsagesagreed,whichisthattherulesfortheseworkingsarethosethingsthathavebeenfoundtobeuseful in them.Therefore the rules and theworkings joined togetherhave themosteffectiveresults,andproceedstraighttothedesiredend.Whentherulesarenotaddedto the working, the greatest peril to body and spirit results, and when those whoperform theseworkings do not knowhow to do them, there occur the greatest andmostterribledangers,whicharefrightfuleventodescribe.This,Isaytoyou,istobetaughtandreproved:fornooneshoulddaretomeddleinthisworkunlesstheyareofgoodmemoryandgoodquality.

When theMoon is in this sign, then, andyouwish towork, take theheadsofthreemaleducks,whichhavebeenputonthefireinagedwinemanyyearsolduntiltheyarewelldone, and thengrind them inan ironor leadmortaruntil theyareallreducedtoasinglemass;andthisistobedonewhentheMoonisinCancer.Thenaddapoundandahalfofcinnamon,twoouncesofsandalwood,apoundandahalfofdrystorax, fourouncesof incense,anda smallamountofdragon'sblood.Mix it allupalongwiththewineinwhichtheheadswerecooked;fromitmakefortypills,whichyoushouldputinanironskilletoverthefireuntiltheyarecompletelydry.

Atnight,afteryouhavedonethis,gointoafieldwhentheMoonisinAquariusandherlightiscomplete.[394]Setbeforeyoufifteenthuribles,whichmaybeofbrassorsilver,butitisconsideredbetterstilliftheyareofgold;andallofthemshouldbefullofburningcoals.Intoeachthuriblecastoneofthepills,andofferuparoosterinsacrifice,asabove.Whilethesmokerises,acertainmanwillappeartoyou,whowillnowbevisibletoyouandnowbehidden,andthiswillhappenquickly,veryquickly.Thenyoushouldtakethreeoftheaforesaidpills,andcastthemintothefire,andsay,"Hantaraceret hantaraceret."[395] Repeat thesewords ten times. Then youwill seethatmanclearly,andmakeyourpetitiontohim;anditwillbeeffectuallyfulfilled.

WhentheMoonisinPisces.WhentheMoonisinPisces,andyouwishtoattracthervirtueandpower,takeoneandafifthpoundsofhempjuice,andthesameamountof the sapof theplane tree,andmix them together.Youshouldextract these fluidsfromtheplantswhentheSunisinVirgoandMercuryisluminousanddirectinmotio;and the extraction should be done in amarblemortar.When this is done, add fourouncesofmastic,twoounceseachofamberandcamphor,oneounceofalkali,[396]andtenouncesofsarcocolla.All theseare tobewellblendedtogether,andto themyoushouldaddhalfapoundofthebloodofadeerbeheadedwithabrassknife.

Whenall thishasbeenmixed together,put it intoaglassvessel.Thengo toaplacewherethereisaspringofflowingwater,andcarrytheaforesaidglassvesseltothespringbyitshandle.Thentakeonethurible,andputitonastoneinthemidstofthewateroftheaforesaidspring,sothatthereisflowingwaterallaroundthethurible.Then set fire burning in the thurible; and as it burns, open themouth of the glassvessel,andemptytheaforesaidvesselintothefire,thatis,alittleatatime,untilallofithasbeenpouredoutintothefire.Thenofferyoursacrifice.TheservantoftheMoonwill then appear to you, to whom you should make your petition, and it will bebroughttoyoueffectually.

Greatmiraclesandgreateffects,accordingtotheHindus,areinsuffumigations,whichtheycallcalcitarat;andwiththemareworkedtheeffectsofthesevenplanets.Thesesuffumigationsoughttobeusedaccordingtothenatureoftheplanettowhichthepetitioncorresponds.

First,ofSaturn.WhenyouwishtoworkbymeansofSaturn,fastforsevendays,beginning on the Lord's day.On the seventh day, that is, Saturday, behead a blackcrow, and say, "In the nameofAnzil,[397]who is placedwith Saturn.You,Anzil,whoaretheangelofSaturn!IconjureyoubytheLordofhighheaventhatyouwillhearmypetitionandmydesire."Thenworkwithacalcitaratforwhatyouwill.

ThefiguresofSaturnarethese:

When you wish to work by means of Jupiter, fast for seven days as above,beginningonaFriday.Attheendofthosedays,thatis,onThursday,beheadalambandeatitsliver,andsay,"You,Roquiel,[398]theangelwhoisplacedwithJupiterthefortunateandgood,andinthegreaterfortune,perfectandlovely!BytheLordofhighheaven,Iconjureyouthatyouwillreceivemyprayerandpetition,deigningtograntthatwhichIaskyoutoperform."Thenworkwithacalcitaratforwhatyouwill.ThefiguresofJupiterarethese:

WhenyouwishtoworkbymeansofMars,fastforsevendaysbeginningonaWednesday.At theendof thesevendays, that is,onTuesday,beheadaspottedcat,andsay,"You,Zemeyel,[399]angelofMars,youarestrongandpowerfulandthelordofburningfireandwarriorsandlawsuits!IconjureyoubytheLordofhighheaventhat you receivemy petition and do such and such forme, so as to accomplish iteffectually."Here speak your petition, andworkwith a calcitarat forwhatever youseek.ThesearethefiguresofMars:

Nowwhen youwish towork bymeans of the Sun, you should fast for sevendaysasbefore,beginningonaMonday.Onthelastday,thatis,theLord'sday,beheadayoungcalfandeatitsliver,andsay,"You,Yebil,[400]angeloftheSun,thelightofHimwhoisthegoodnessoftheworld,lordofradianceandlight;hewhoisperfectfortune,andbyhimmisfortuneanddetrimentaremade.IconjureyoubytheLordofhighheaventhatyoudothisforme,andfulfillthismypetition."Thenaskforwhatyouwish,andworkwithacalcitaratforwhatyoudesire.ThesearethefiguresoftheSun:

WhenyouwishtoworkbymeansofVenus,fastbeginningonaSaturdayuntilthe followingFriday.OnFriday,beheadawhitedove,buton the fourthdayeat itsliver,andsay,"You,Anbetayl,[401]angelofVenus, fortunateandbeautiful!By theLord of high heaven, I conjure you, that you do this for me and accomplish mypetition."Askforwhatyouwish,andworkwithacalcitaratforwhatyouseek.ThesearethefiguresofVenus:

When youwish towork bymeans ofMercury, fast for seven days, as above,beginning on a Thursday.On the last day, that is,Wednesday, behead a black andwhiteroosterandeatitsliver,andsay,"You,Arquil,[402]angelofMercury,lordofnobleandgoodqualities!BytheLordofhighheaven,Iconjureyou,thatyouwilldoandfulfillthisforme."Heresayyourpetition,andworkwithacalcitarat.ThesearethefiguresofMercury:

WhenyouwishtoworkbymeansoftheMoon,youshouldfastforsevendaysbeginningonaTuesday.Onthelastday,thatis,Monday,beheadasheepandeatitsliver, and say, "You, Cahil,[403] angel of the Moon, whose key is goodness andwhoseprinciple is rapidity!By theLordofhighheaven, Iconjureyou, thatyoudothis for me and accomplish this my petition." Say your petition, and work with acalcitaratforthatwhichyoudesire.ThesearethefiguresoftheMoon:

All of the aforementioned sages of old knew theseworkings, and in them aremany effects in working magic, that is, in miraculous suffumigations and images.ManyoftheChaldeans,whodweltinthePromisedLandandwhoatthattimewerecalledCapti,[404]werevirtuosi in theseworkings.Oftheseworkings,agreatmanyare found in the book called TheChaldeanAgriculture.Abenvasia,who translatedthis book, published all these works.We, however, in this book of ours, intend torecountsomeofthem.

ChapterThreeWhattheChaldeansheldtobetheprofunditiesandsecretsofthis

science,andwhattheysaidaboutit

TheChaldeans, indeed, were thosemagiwhomade themselves preeminent inthisscienceandtheseworkings;andtheyareheldtohavebeenentirelyperfectinthisscience. They themselves assert that Hermes first constructed a certain house ofimages,fromwhichheusedtomeasureoftheflowoftheNileattheMountainsoftheMoon;butthishousewasmadeoftheSun.[405]Heusedtohidehimselftherefrommeninsuchawaythatnoonewhowaswithhimwasabletoseehim.

Healsoitwaswhobuilt, in theeastofEgypt,acity twelvemiles in length, inwhichhebuiltacertaincitadelthathadfourgatesinitsfourquarters.Attheeasterngate he put the image of an eagle, at the western gate the image of a bull, at thesoutherngatetheimageofalion,andatthenortherngatehebuilttheimageofadog.Hemadecertainspiritualessencesenterintothese,whichusedtospeakinvoicesthatissued from the images; nor could anyone pass through the portals without theirpermission. In that cityheplantedcertain trees, in themidstofwhichhe setupanarborthatborethefruitsofallgeneration.

Atthesummitofthecitadelhecausedtobebuiltacertaintower,whichattainedaheightofthirtycubits,andonthesummitofithecommandedtobeputasphere,thecolorofwhichchangedineveryoneofthesevendays.Attheendofthesevendaysitreceivedthecolorithadatfirst.Everyday,thatcitywasfilledwiththecolorofthatsphere,andthustheaforesaidcityusedtoshineeverydaywithcolor.

Aroundthattower,inacircle,waterabounded,inwhichmanykindsoffishusedtolive.Aroundthecityheplaceddiverseandchangingimages,bymeansofwhichthe inhabitants of the cityweremade virtuous and freed from sin,wickedness andsloth.ThenameofthiscitywasAdocentyn.[406]Itspeopleweremostdeeplylearnedintheancientsciences,theirprofunditiesandsecrets,andinthescienceofastronomy.

Ihaveseen,however,acertaincompositiontoconcealpeople,whichismadeinthisway.Whenyoudesiretodothis,takeonerabbitonthe24thnightoftheArabianmonth,[407] and behead it facing the Moon, and continually looking at her.SuffumigatewiththesuffumigationoftheMoon,sayingthewordsoftheMoongiven

above; and then say: "I call you, angelic spirit ofmagic andall that ishidden,youwhoarecalledSalmaquil!By this I supplicateyou,whodistributesyourvirtueandpowerandstrengthinthiswork,thatyouwilldeigntogivewhatIaskofyou,outofthosethingsattributedtoyourpower."

Whenyouhavesaidthis,takethebloodoftheaforementionedrabbit,whichyoushouldmixwith itsbile.You shouldbury itsbody so thatnobody is able to see it,becauseifyougoawayandanyoneuncoversitinthedaytime,thatis,whentheSuniselevatedaboveit, thespiritof theMoonwillkillyou.Theblood,whenyouhavetakenitandmixeditwiththebile,shouldbetakenawaywithyouandkeptforuse.

Whenyouwishtohideyourselfandbeseenbynobody,takesomeofthebloodandbilemixedasabove,inthehouroftheMoon,andanointyourfacewithit;anddonotceasetosaytheaforementionedwordsoftheMoon,becausewhileyousaythemyouwillmakeyourself totallyhidden from thesightofothers,and in thiswayyouwillbeabletoachievewhateveryoudesire.When,however,youwishtobeseenandbecomevisibleagaintoothers,ceasetosaythesamewords,andwashyourface,andanoint itwiththebrainof theaforesaidrabbit,andsay,"You,Ospiritof theMoon,revealmeandmakemeappeartopeople."Theneveryonewillseeyou.ThisisamongtheworksoftheMoon,andisconsideredoneofthegreatsecretsandprofunditiesofthisscience.

ChapterFourTheimagesandreasoningsthatgreatlyfurtherthisscience

Allthathasbeensaiduptothispointinthisbookofours,wehaverepeatedfromthesayingsoftheancientsagesandtheirbooksdiscussingthisscienceandwork,andextractedfromthesesamesources.Hewhoreadsthesebooks,however,andcloselystudiesthem,andgraspsall thatwehavesaiduptothispoint,will trulyunderstandandrecognizethelaborthatwehavedoneincompilingthisbookoutofdiversebooksdealingwiththisscience,whicharethefoundationsofthiswork.

OneofthemostperfectbooksofthissciencethatwehavefoundisavolumethatwasrevealedbyHermesthesageatthefoundingofBabylon,andinthiswasabookof aphorisms called The Secret of Secrets.[408] From it we have selected 45aphorisms[409] which are considered of great value in this science and theseworkings.

Thefirstofthemisthis:Ifyouworkonthosethingswhichpertaintoaplanet,anddrawuponthosethingsthatareofthenatureoftheplanetwithwhichyoudesiretowork,anddonotdepartfromthis,youwillhavethegreatestassistanceinattractingthestrength,virtue,andpowerofthatplanet.

2. Ask from the Sun to be feared and have glory, the command of armies,courage,ruleoverlords,thedestructionofkings,thelightingoffires,andthevirtue

ofshininglightintoshadows.3.AskfromtheMoonagilityofmotion,themovementofwaters, thevirtueof

makingknownwhatissecret,extinguishingfires,diminishingwhatevercanbesetinmotion,andseparatingthosewhoareofaunitedopinion.

4. Ask from Saturn the hindering of motion, the concealment of purity, thedestructionofcities,humilityoftheheart,andquietingofwaters.

5.AskfromJupiterincreaseofriches,beautifyingofdreams,fleeingfromsloth,forsakingsorrows, laborsandstrife,andmaking journeyssafelyeitherbyseaorbyland.

6. Ask from Mars the conquest of enemies, fortitude of heart, causing evilanimalstohungerandpreparethemselves,lightingfires,arrangingwars,andhavingvictoryoverenemies.

7. Ask from Venus the desire for copulation, the virtue of causing loves andenthusiasms and expelling sorrow and sloth, invigorating the appetite, increasinggeneration, multiplying children, extinguishing fire, and being safe from animals.[410]

8. You shouldmakemany suffumigations, have perfect faith, fast often, uttermanyprayers,chooseaplaceappropriatetothework,andobservetheaspectsoftheplanets.Thesearethefoundationsofmagicalworkings.

9.Yourpetitionwillbequickly fulfilled if theplanet towhichyoumakeyourpetitionisthelordofyournativity;withoutthis,itwillbeharderforyourpetitiontoproceedtoitsproperconclusion.

10.Spiritshavethepowertostrengthentheeffectsofaplanetandameliorateitsqualities,ortothecontrary,tolessenandworsenitseffectsandscatteritspowers.

11.Iftheascendantdiffersfromthenatureofthepetition,thepetitionwillnotbefulfilled,norwillprayerattainthatwhichitseeks.

12.The imagesof the fixedstarsareconsideredmoreenduring in theireffectsthantheimagesofthosethingsthatarecapableofretrogrademotion.[411]

13. If youdoaplanetaryworkingwith the aidof some fixed starof the samenature,itwillbemorecompleteandmoreperfectbecauseitwillhavethevigoroftheplanetandtheenduranceofthefixedstar.

14.Whentheascendant, thepetition,andtheplanetareofonenature,andyouaidyourselfthereinwithafixedstar,andyouhavefirmbeliefandwill,yourpetitionwillswiftlybefulfilled,anditwillbestrengthenedfromthevigoroftheplanet.

15.ThefixedstarAltairassistswithmovement,whileVegahelpswithrest.16.Diligentlystudytheconjunctionsoftheplanets,forthisworkisverygreatly

augmentedbythem.17. In the aspects of the planets, as much as in their conjunctions, the

foundationsofimagesconsist.18.Putthesignificatoratthemidheaven,initshouseorexaltation,andseetoit

thatthereisafortitudeontheascendant.19. Assist your work with the Sun when you wish to conquer and surpass

someone;thenyourpetitionwillmoreswiftlybecompletedandwillincrease.20.Assist yourworkwith theMoonwhenyouwish to retain something; then

yourpetitionwillmoreswiftlybecompletedandwillincrease.21.AssistyourworkwithSaturnwhenyouwishtobringdownsomething,and

tocauseevil;thenyourpetitionwillmoreswiftlybecompletedandwillincrease.22.AssistyourworkwithJupiterwhenyouwishtoascendtogoodthings;then

yourpetitionwillmoreswiftlybecompletedandwillincrease.23.AssistyourselfwithMarswhenyouwishtowin,inpeaceaswellasinwar;

thenyourpetitionwillmoreswiftlybecompletedandwillincrease.24.AssistyourselfwithVenuswheyouwish toseek loveandfriendship; then

yourpetitionwillmoreswiftlybecompletedandwillincrease.25.AssistyourselfwithMercurywhenyouwishtoknowandunderstand,orto

expelmoisture;thenyourpetitionwillmoreswiftlybecompletedandwillincrease.26.Delayinresultsfromapetitioncomesfromanerrorinyourperformanceof

theworking,oryourlackoffaith,ordisorderinthestructureoftheworking.27.Workingsdonewiththesuffumigationsandprayerspropertothemarebetter

thanthoseinwhichthesuffumigationsareinsufficientandthewillisdivided.28.ThelightoftheSunandtheprojectionofitsraysinterferewiththespiritsof

thenocturnalplanets.29.Thedarknessofnightandthestillnessofmotioninterferewiththespiritsof

the diurnal planets. Thus you ought to comply with each planet according to itstiming,andaccordingtothatwhichispropertoit.

30.Aheavyplanet,whileitisslower,hasamorepowerfuleffectthanalighterplanet,thoughthelatterhasquickereffects.

31.YoushouldnotseekunionfromMars,justasyoushouldnotseekseparationfromVenus;donotseekanythingfromtheplanetsthatdeviatesfromtheirnaturesandtheirpaths.

32.Youmayworkwithcomets in thosethings thatpertain to them,whentheyappear,inthesamemannerasfixedstars.

33.SeekfromMercurywhatisgovernedbythesigninwhichit isplaced,andinvoketheMoonalongwithit.Inthiswayyouwillhavetwoqualities.

34. You should invoke Mercury for illnesses of the head, according to theirdiversequalities.

35.InworkingsofMercury,youmayseekquicknessofthetonguewhenheisinhisownhouse.

36.Itsometimeshappensthat thosethingsthatpertaintoMarsarereceivedbytheSun,andlikewisethatthethingspertainingtotheSunarereceivedbyMars.

37.ItsometimeshappensthatthosethingsthatpertaintotheMoonarereceived

byVenusandthethingspertainingtoVenusarereceivedbytheMoon.38.TheSunabhorsthosethingsthatpertaintoSaturn,andthethingsthatpertain

totheSunareabhorrenttoSaturn.39.VenusabhorsthosethingspertainingtoJupiter,andthethingsthatpertainto

VenusareabhorrenttoJupiter.40. The Moon abhors things pertaining to Mars and Mars abhors things

pertainingtotheMoon.41.JupiterabhorsthingspertainingtoMars,andMarsabhorsthingspertaining

toJupiter.42. Mars also abhors things pertaining to Venus, and Venus abhors things

pertainingtoMars.43. Mercury abhors things pertaining to Jupiter and Jupiter abhors things

pertainingtoMercury.44. Itmay be seen from the opinions of the sages that the two infortunes are

inimical to each other because of the diversity and discord between their essentialnatures.

All these thingsyouought to knowandunderstandperfectly.Wehave chosenthese aphorisms out of the works of the aforesaid sage.We have also chosen thefollowingtenaphorismsfromthebookofPtolemynamedTheCentiloquium.[412]

Thefirstoftheseis:Theastrologercanholdbackandopposemanyoftheeffectsofthestarsandtheirnaturesifheknowsthemandtheirworksandunderstandstheireffects. He can make it happen those things receptive to the stars receive hisinfluencesbeforetheyreceivethoseofthestars.

2. The spirit of the magician furthers the effects of the heavens just as theharvests of nature, that is, in the way that harvests are furthered by plowing andcultivatingtheearth.

3.Theformsof thiscompositeworldareobedient to theformsofheaven,andfromthis,thosewhoarelearnedinmagicalartscommandthatformsbemadewhentheplanetsareintheequivalentcelestialforms,whentheywishedtounderstandthisscience.

4.Youmaymakeuseoftheinfortunes,andhelpyourselfwiththemtoachieveyour desires, just as physicians are helped by carefully making use of poisonoussubstancesincombinationwithothers.

5.Thecombinationoftwosubstancesinonethingembracesbothsubstancesandtheirnativities. If there isa similarity in them, therewillbeaunionbetween them;andwhicheveroneofthemisinthestrongerplacewillgaintheprimacyandlordship,andwhicheverisintheweakerplacewillbeitsservantandreceiver.

6.FriendshipandenmityarereceivedfromtheplacesoftheSunandMoon,intheiroriginandpermutation,andfromtheharmonyordiversityoftheascendantsofthefriendsorenemies.Obedientsigns,however,arestrongerinfriendship.

7.Infoundingacity,makeuseoffixedstars,andinbuildingahouse,makeuseofplanets.TheinhabitantsofacityfoundedwhenMarsoranotherstarofitsnatureisatthemidheaven,though,willperishbyfireandsword.

8. All that is and becomes in this world, that is, bymeans of generation andcorruption,iscausedbythe120conjunctions[413]thatthesevenplanetsmake.Inalltheeffectsof theseconjunctions, thereceptiveformis tobeobserved;forfromthisform,theeffectiscompleted.

9.TheSun is the sourceof theanimalpower; theMoonof thenaturalpower;Saturnoftheretentivepower;Jupiterofthepowerofgrowth;Mercuryofthepowerofjudgment;Marsofthepowerofsharpnessandanger;andVenusisthesourceofthepowerofdesire.

10.Mars,Mercury,andVenusinnativitiessignifythewillandmannersofthosenativitiesanddisplaytheirworksandmagisteries.

In the books of philosophy published by Plato we find the saying that nonebesidesJupiterrevealsthetruth.Inanotherplacehesaysthatasblood,choler,blackbile,andphlegmaretheelementsofthebody,thevirtuesoftheseelementsproceedfromtheplanets,andsotheactionofonehumoronanotherandthereceptionofonehumorbyanotherinthebeginningofgenerationisfromtheplanets.Instillanotherplace,hesaysthatwhentruthislackinginthescienceofastrology,[414]itisbecausethe time has not been determined, or the place, or it happens because of discordbetween the active factors, or the astrologer has made an error. On this account,however,thedemonstrationsofastrologyaredifferentfromthosederivedfromomensortheflightofbirds,becauseintheselatter,whatistocomerevealsitself.Becauseofthis,boththatwhichisoccurs,andthatwhichisnotappears.

In thebookofphilosophybyHippocrateswefind:WhenJupiter is the lordofthe solar year, in that year there will be few illnesses and much health, and thegenerationsofanimalswillbemultiplied.

WefindthisinthebooksofAristotle:KingshipisattributedtoSaturn,justicetoJupiter, eagerness toVenus, judgment toMercury, labors to theMoon, andpride toMars.

Yououghttoknow,however,thatwerecitealltheaforesaidinthisplaceonlysothatyouwilllearnandunderstandwhattheaforesaidsagesusedtothinkconcerningtheprofunditiesandsecretsof thisart,andthatallof themwereasonein this, thatfromthesethingstheywereabletoattainthegoaltheydesired.

Johannicius son of Isaac translated the book of Aristotle, the master of theGreeks, which I have seen, and I propose to repeat here some of what he saidconcerningthesayingsofthewiseandtheprofunditiesoftheirjudgmentaswellastheconclusionsoftheirintellects,whichyououghttounderstand.Thereisacertainthing in the firstvolumeofhisbookwhich Ihave read, and Iwill repeatpartof ithere.

Some of the sages, discussing this art, have said: Every working and everymagisteryhasadoorthroughwhich,byunderstanding,theymaybeentered;andeachofthemhasastair,bywhichanascentmaybemadetothethingdesired.Theyhavealsosaidthis:Nonemayattainwhattheyseekwithoutorderanddiscipline.Andthis:Whenyouwhineaboutsomething,adangerisborninit.[415]

All thewise philosophers in this science have said: The art ofmagicmust begivenbyGodandbythecelestialvirtues.Theythatsaythissayalsothatnoonecanbeamagicianunlessheisilluminatedbyknowledge,becauseofthedifficultiesoftheart,aswellastheprofunditiesthathemustbeabletounderstand.Yetthisworkandscience,whichhasbeenperfectedbythesages,andwhichmustbestudiedthoroughlyintherightway,isrevealedtoeveryone.

The beginning of this science is the knowledge of the figures of the starsascending in the heavens, and to knowwhat figure is represented by them, and isrevealedapartfromothers,andthatitisnotfiguredbythemexcepttoperfectanotherfigure by augmenting itsmembers.When, however, youhave learned these figuresandtheirnatures,accordingtothenatureoftheterrestrialthingsthatpertaintotheirnature, that is, in the figures of living things according to their harmony andproportionwithcelestialfigures,youwillbeabletowork.Ifyoucarefullyattendtotheproperharmony, andharmoniously join figures together andprepare them, theywillbethefirstmatterandfoundationofthiswork.

Whenimagesarefashionedinthisway,theywillbelastingandcompleteintheireffects,andiftheyarenotfashionedinthisway,theireffectswillbedestroyedbythedestructionoftheirterrestrialmaterialandthedestructionofthecompositionthereof.Durability comes from the fixed stars, but imageshave a better nature and a bettereffectwhentheyaremadewiththeplanets,andtheeffectsaremoredurablewhenaplanet aspects a fortune,whichaugments the samewith the strengthandpotency itdrawstoEarthfromtheheavens.

TherearecertainwordsamongthenamesofGodthatmakespiritsdescendfromtheheavenstotheEarth.Thosewhoworkwiththesenamesandwords,iftheyarenotwiseand learned in thenatureof spiritualandcelestial things,willbekilledby thedescendingpowerof thespirit;andfor thisreasonnooneought toworkwith thesenames except those who who are known to be wise and have received grace. Inmagical workings there are also words that work in the same manner, but thesemagicalwordsandnamesarenotperfectunlessthevirtue,commandmentandgraceofGodare joined to them.When this isdone, thehighestheavensdescendandarejoinedtoterrestrialmatter,allthewaydowntothecenteroftheEarth.

An imageprimarilyworks according to the natural substance fromwhich it issupposedtobemade,butitcannotbemadewithoutwordsthathavemagicalvirtues.Asfarasyoucan,seethatthereisnoenmityordiscordbetweennaturesandfiguresinthepropertiesofthework.Forexample,amagisterwhomakestheimageofalion

oughttobebraveandvigorous,norshouldhefearanyanimalthatexistsinnature;onthe contrary, he ought to be a man who has encountered a lion, and knows andunderstandsitsnature,andrealizesthatothersmaybeledbyitintoangerandillwill.Here,however, theancient sagesarenotentirely inaccord;butwhen the foregoingthingsaredoneaswehavesaid,theywillachievethedesiredend.

Likewise,whenyouwishtocreatesuchanimage,youshoulddothisatatimewhenthecorrespondinganimalisactiveandwhenitsnatureisinvigorated;forinthiswaythepoweroftheimagewillbestrengthened.Likewise,seetoit thatduringthetimeinwhichyoumaketheimage,noaccidenthappenstoyou.Forexample,withthelion:donotmaketheimageofalionatatimewhenafeverhappenstoone;forinthiscasetheworkiftheimagewillbedeficientinvirtue.

All themotionsof theheavensaremovedin terrestrial figuresby thevirtueofGod.Forthisreasonyoushouldobservethemotionofthestarfromwhichyouwishtheimagetoreceivedurabilityofvirtue,sothatitisnothinderedwhiletheimageisbeingmade.Likewise,youshouldobservetwofigures,thatis,thedegreeofthesignoftheplanetthatgovernstheworkofthefigure,andthemotionthereof,sothattheyarenothinderedbyanythin,becausewhentheplanetmovesfreelyinitsheaven,thevirtuesoftheimagearemoved,proceeding,returning,rising,andsettinginthesameway.Likewisepay the closest attention to conjunctions, oppositions, and aspects inconstructingimages,andbesurethattheirfiguresaremanifestedinheaven,andthecontraries to the same be hidden.You should know that if you do not observe theaforesaidrulesinconstructingimages,theireffectswillbeimperfect.

GeberAbenhayen,speakingofthisscience,said:Theworkofimagesissimilartotheeffectsofnature,norcanitbedonewithoutthenecessityofknowingthethingspertainingtothestarsamonganimals,trees,andstones;understandingtheaspectsoftheplanetsandstars,andalsothesigns,toterrestrialplaces;thescienceofastronomy,the motions of the heavens, the rulerships and exaltations of the planets, theirlongitudesandlatitudes,themansionsoftheMoon;thenatureofplacesonearthandtheirwaters,soils,rains,snows,andtheirlands,seasandseasons,andwhatplacesarefar from the equator; which living things generate more of their kind, and whicheffects of living things, whether reptiles or others, are more permanent; and whenliving things are not generated and when they are generated; for in constructingimageswiththisknowledge,theworkwillbeeasy,becausenodifficultieswillarisetherein.

Inmaking theaforesaidnatures (that is, inworkingswith images) it shouldbekept in mind that images made of stone are more durable than those made ofvegetableoranimalsubstances,becausewoodburnsreadilyandanimalsputrefy.Theeffects upon animals are twofold, that is, one is to gather them and increase theirnumber, and the other is to disperse and repel them. These are appropriate fordifferenttimes,astheyinvolvedifferentmotions,thatis,thereisatimeforgathering

andgrowth,andatimefordispersingandrepelling.Thismaybeconsideredundertheheadingoftheoppositionofdegrees.Instonesacertainsupremesecretishidden,thatis,when any animal, that is, if youwant it to depart, is hot in its nature, the stoneought to be cold; if the animal ismoist, the stone ought to be dry, and vice versa.Fromthisitshouldbeunderstoodthatifyouwishvipersandwaspstoflee,theworkoughttobedoneincorneliananddiamondandthelike;butiftheyarecoldbynature,suchasscorpions,beetles,flies,lice,andthingssimilartothem,workwithhotstonessuchasmalachiteandcrystal,andinbronzeandgoldandthelike.

Thisisfortheworkingtomakethemflee.Workingstodrawandincreasethemoughttobedonewiththingsthatareharmoniousandpertinenttothem,asinworkingwith vipers, you should work with gold and bronze and similar things. All thishappensbecauseoftheharmonyofcomplexion,thedirectionofmovement,andthediversityofconjunctionsandsubstances.Thefigureandformoughttobeintheformandfigureoftheanimalforwhichit ismade,asafigureformiceintheshapeofamouse,oneforserpentsintheshapeofaserpent,oroneforscorpionsintheshapeofascorpion.

Isaytoyoufurtherthat,ifthequantityofstoneofwhichanimageiscomposedislarge(thatis,betweenanounceandapound),thevirtueandpowerofitwillbeabletoreachfromtheplacewhereitisforahundredleagues.Ifitcontainsacombinationof things in its figure,however, itsnaturewillhavenomotionoreffectexcept thatwhichterminates in itsownplace, thoughitsmotionoreffectwillnotbe limitedtothoseof its substanceor thenatureof thebodies that compose it, for spiritshaveawiderrangethanthosebodiesthatcontainlittlespirit.

Platosaid this:bodiesandspiritsarecontraries,becauseoutof the lifeofeachoneproceeds the burdenof the other.Hewrote after this:Youought to endure thedeathofyourbodyforthesakeofthelifeofyourspirit,thatis,thebodyshouldbethehandmaidofthespirit,andshouldservethespiritinitsgenerationandinallitsworks.Donotallowyourspirittoserveyourbodyinanyway,norkillthedeadonaccountofthelifeoftheliving,norkillthatwhichislivingoutofloveofthedead.

Theythenaskedhim:howisitthatthespiritthatmovestheheartiskilled?Tothishe responded:Seeing thatnature,by itspowers,moves the rationalandanimalspiritsaccordingtothemanifestsimilarityofnaturethatisinthem,accordingtothebody, this is therefore the spirit that ordains friendship, love, and victory.At timesthereafter,naturejoinsthedividedparts,andatothertimes,itdividestheunitedparts.Thence, when nature is moved in a uniting motion (I mean to speak here of theconjunctionofparts),thentwospiritsarejoinedinthelovethatispropertospirit,andtheyareunitedwiththerationalintellect.Thatwhichisspiritualisfirst,andtherebyitmaybeholdthecauseofthisworld;anditisthusmadepureandsimple.Whennatureismoved by a separatingmotion, however, it attracts to itself an animal spirit andentersintofriendshipwiththecorporeal.

Thus in the fulfillment of its victory the rational spirit rejoices and reigns onaccountofitssimilaritytothesubtle,bywhich,becauseofitsrationalordering,itisaffected. The animal spirit likewise rejoices when parts and hearts are divided, onaccountofitssimilaritytothedivisionofnaturalparts.Thisisbecausespirit,whenitis in itself,hasmarvelousformswhichaspiritattracted towardnaturecannothave;andthencethemotivepowerofnaturehelpsinitsbodilysubstance(Imeantospeakhereofthebodiesofhearts,andtheirweight),andthusperishesthemovingspiritofthosefiguresthatarenotabletobeattractedbyreason.Spiritattractstheminsteadbyfiguresandsubtlemotionsandvisionsoftheeyeandothermembersofthebody.

You,however,whoproposetolaboratthisscience,shouldaccustomyourspiritandyourthoughtstothosethingsinwhichthesemenusedtoexercisethemselves,andsostrugglewithyourspiritthatyoumayattainthethingsthattheaforementionedmenattained.Thisindeediswhattheancientsagesusedtoteachaboutspirit,wakingandsleeping,saying:Makeyourspiritsaccustomedtovisions,becausetheycanoccurtoyouoften,andbythemmaybegainedinsleepwhatyouwillhardlyeverbeabletoattainwhileawake.

This should be understood: when the manifest senses are awake, the hiddensensesaredebilitated,noraretheyabletoaccomplishtheireffects.Whenthemanifestsensessleepanddonotfunction,however,thenthehiddensensesfunction,accordingto thevigorofcontemplation, imagination,memory,and judgment thatexists in thespirit.Then thevigor of judgment is simple, nor is it impededby any impediment.Then,heat ishiddenaway,andwhile it ishidden, thesuperfluitiesof thebodymeltaway.Youwhoseekafterthisscienceshouldknow,however,thatwhenyouaccustomyourspirittotheaforesaid,thenintime,visionswillbemademanifesttoyou,anditwillbenecessaryforyoutounderstandinseekingthem.

ChapterFiveThetensciencesthatarenecessarytothisart,andhowthisscienceishelpedbythem,andwhatisthefoundationofthe

scienceofmagic

Theancientsageswhodiscoveredthisart,notwithoutsearchingwithcontinuallaborandtestingallthings,whilewakingandsleeping,persevereduntiltheyattainedwhat they desired. In following this path, they learned and understood twoconclusions,andthefirstoftheseisthattherearetenartsyoumustknow,ofwhichfive are considered necessary to the student of law, and five to the student ofphilosophy.[416]

The first of these comprises agriculture, seafaring, and governing the people,becausethesearetheprincipalartsingoverningcitiesandkingdoms.Thesecannotbelearnedexceptfromtheancientsciences,whichmaybefoundinagreatmanybooks.

Afterthisistheartofleadingsoldiers,commandingarmies,engagingincombats

andbattles, callinganimalsandbirds, anddeceiving them.[417]Thesemayalsobefoundinagreatmanybooks.

After theseare thecivilizedartsbywhichpeoplearehelped;andamong thesearegrammar, thedivisionoflanguages, legalreasoning,makingreasonsandrulingsunderstood,[418]andallthatproceedsfromthese,suchaswritingandeverythingthatpertains to them, buying and selling, and so forth. Thesemay be found in a greatmanybooks.

Thereafterfollowsarithmetic,andallbooksbywhichnumbersandsimilarthingsareknown.Nextinorderisgeometry,whichconsistsoftheoryandpractice;fromthiscomes surveying, lifting heavy objects, making machines, leading water from oneplace to another, aerial instruments, and making and using burning mirrors. Nextcomesastronomy,bywhichthecourseoftheplanetsandthejudgmentofthestarsareknown.After thismusic is distinguished, underwhich is included singing, playing,andwritingnotes.

Afterthisisdialectic,whichisdividedintoeightbooks,intowhichAristotlethesageinvitesustoenter.[419]

After this is medicine, which is divided into two parts, that is, theory andpractice.

After this follow the natural sciences, which Aristotle and other wisephilosophers have set forth. About this, a great many books can be found, whichrequiremanyglossesandmuchexposition;of these the first is called theOydusofNature; second, theBook ofHeaven andEarth; third, theBook ofGeneration andCorruption;fourth,theBookofSignsthatAppearintheHeavens,fifth,theBookofMinerals,sixth,theBookofVegetables;seventh,theBookoftheMotionofAnimals(thatis,fromoneplacetoanother).[420]

After this follows metaphysics, of which Aristotle wrote in thirty books.Whoeverthoroughlyunderstandsandperfectlylearnsthesethingsisacompletesage,andwillachieveperfectioninthethingshedesires.

After this, the two conclusions we have mentioned follow directly out of theaforesaid ten arts; forwhoever does not know these ten arts cannot attain to theseconclusions.Fromwhatwehavesaidsofar,yououghttorouseyourself,andascendby necessity to the knowledge of all the sciences listed above, because when youmakeyourselfperfectinthem,youwillattainwhattheancientsagesattained,andyouwill understand the workings of the sages and the spiritual sciences, and you willaccomplishwhattheyusedtoaccomplish.Andwhenyourefforttowardspiritequalsthatwhichusedtobeinyouranimalpowers,youwillreceiveallthisfromthegraceof the Highest. This is that which is comprehended in the secret sayings of theprophets.

From this follows love; for in love, the greatest powers are found. Note,however,thatloveistwofold;thereisloveacquiredthroughvirtue,andloveimbued

withvice.Itisofloveacquiredthroughvirtuethatwespeakhere,andyououghttoseektoacquirenoneother.Loveimbuedwithviceiscorporealloveofaflawedandmaterialform;fromthiskindoflove,therefore,yououghttofleeasfarasyoucan.

Itissaidinthebooksofthewisethattheproportionateandharmoniousbindingofspiritconsistsprimarilyoflove.Thehumanspiritisdividedintothreeparts,thatis:theanimalspirit,thenaturalspirit,andtherationalspirit.Ifthenaturalspiritofamanhas conquered the others, hewill be a lover of such things as food and drink, andnothing else; if the animal spirit has conquered the others, he will be a lover ofnothingbutconqueringandsurpassingothers;whileiftherationalspiritconquers,hewillbealoverofnothingbutintellect,goodness,andknowledge.

Thishappens,however,onlybecauseacertainplanetpresidesoverhisnativity,andsuchaplanetiscalledthelordofthenativity.ThusyoushouldknowthatiftheMoonorVenusisthelordofsomeone'snativity,thatpersonwillbealoverofwomenandenjoyments. If theSunorMars is the lordof thenativity, thatpersonwillbealoverofovercominganddefeating;butifitbeJupiterorMercury,suchapersonwillbealoverofknowledgeandlearning,andunderstandinggoodthings,andgoodnessand justice.Becauseof the foregoing,whateversomeone iswillbeasvisible inhisnatureasinhislove.

Lovewhichturnstowardterrestrialthingsisacquiredbysight,andbymeansofsight it continues to grow, aswheat in the earth grows from its seed, and as a treewhen it is planted, and as animal sperm when it is received by the womb. Sight,therefore,islikearawmaterialinthis,forinsightisfoundtheprincipleofthiskindoflove,sothatbybeingnearthebeloved,andbeholdingherface, thiskindoflovegrowsandincreases,andwhentheloverisunitedwithher,theirspiritsaremadeone.This is corporeal love between two spirits, in which the harmony of friendship inthem is called love. If it is love in the rational spirit, however, the lover will bedelightedby thatwhich isof thesamekind, that is,wisdom,knowledge,goodness,stablevirtues,andeternalthings,ofwhichitissaidthereisnoend;andthisloveofgoodness, nobility and exaltation is deservedly attributed to the rational spirit. Theotherlovesofwhichwehavespokenareevilanddeservetobeforsaken,becauseinthemiswickednessofspirit,andfromsuchfriendshipandsuchunificationofspirits,andthecontinuationthereod,itmaybeseentobecorruptedanddestroyed.

Plato,inhisbookOnTheSoul,[421]saysthis:dryandmelancholiccomplexionsanddryfountainsofinfirmityandcorruptionarefactorswhichmustbeseeninorderto be conversant with them. By them, one becomes similar to a dry animal whoremains in hot, dry,mountainous terrain. Such places destroy and corruptwhoevercomesnear themor lingers in them,anddosoveryquickly;and theyevendestroyandcorruptbytheirappearancethosewholookatthem.Accordingtothis,onewholookswithmalignityinhiscomplexionandspiritdestroysandcorruptsthatatwhichhegazes.

ChapterSixHowthesuffumigationsofthestarsoughttobemade,andcertain

compositionsnecessarytothisscience

AcertainsagefromthelandofIndia,whowasexceptionallywellversedinthisscience, combined composite suffumigations and terrestrial natures with celestialnatures. The Hindus used to work with suffumigations in all their workings andeffects,andbythemtheyusedtoattractthespiritsoftheplanetsandmakethementerintowhatevertheywished,andbythismeansmadethemaccomplishwhatevertheydesired.Suchworkings,however,arenotproperlydonebythemselves,but theyareconvenientfortheirsingulareffectsintheworkingsappropriatetoeachoftheplanets,ofwhichwehavesooftenspokeninthisbook.Accordingly,theseworkingsaretobecombinedwithsuffumigations.

TheSuffumigationofSaturn.Takethefruitofmandrakeanddriedoliveleaves,100ounceseach;grainsofblackmirobalananddriedblackpepper,tenounceseach;thedriedbrainsofblackcrowsandcranes,30ounceseach;driedbloodofpigsandapes, 40 ounces each, all well ground and mixed together. From them make pillsweighinghalfanounceeach,andwhilemakingthese,invokethespiritualpowersofSaturn,thatis,withthatwhichwehavegiveninBookIIIofthisvolume,chapter6.Thencompressthemandsavethemforuse.

TheSuffumigationofJupiter.Takeflowersofbalsamandmyrtle,bothdried,tenounceseach;shellednutsandshelledhazelnuts,bothdried,fourounceseach;brainsofchickens,doves,andgeese,alldried,40ounceseach;driedbloodofpeacocksandcamels,20ounceseach;nutmegandcamphor,1/2ounceeach,anddiligentlyseetoitthat thebloodwehavementioned in these suffumigations isnot extracted from thehearts of the animals.All these, havingbeenwell ground as said above, aremixedtogether; anddoeverythingaswehave saidaboveconcerning the suffumigationofSaturn.

TheSuffumigationofMars.Takeredasafoetida,xenab,andterebinth,40grainseach;giant fennel and red auripigment, fourounces each; sparrowbrains anddriedscorpions, 20 ounces each; 40 ounces of leopard's blood; and ten ounces of greaserenderedfromaredserpent.Allthesebeingwellground,mixthemtogether,anddoeverythingwehavesaidabovewiththeothers.

TheSuffumigationof theSun.Take tenounces eachof spikenard flowers andredandyellowsandalwood;sixounceseachofcypress,thyme,andredcassiawood;twoouncesofcostus;20ounceseachofeaglebrainsandblood,andcatbrainsandblood.Letthemdry,anddoeverythingwiththemthathasbeensetforthabove.

The Suffumigation of Venus. Take laurel twigs, pomegranate seeds, andfrankincenseseeds,eightounceseach;20ounceseachofmasticandpoleystems;fourounceseachofhenbanestemsandstorax;twoouncesofsodiumcarbonate;16ounces

eachofsparrowbrainsandgoshawkbrains,and40ouncesofdriedhorsebrains.Allthesehavingbeenwellground,mixthemtogether.anddoeverythingwiththemthathasbeensaidbefore.

TheSuffumigationofMercury.Tahe20ounceseachofhenbaneflowers,indigoleaves, and assari; fourounces eachof amber and toad testicles; twoouncesof redammoniac; 20 ounces each of the brains of jays, hoopoes, and tortoises; and 40ounces of donkey's blood. All these, being well dried and well ground, should bemixedtogether;anddowiththemeverythingthatisdonewiththeothers.

TheSuffumigationoftheMoon.Take100ounceseachofpersimmonleavesandcinnamonleaves;20ouncesofdriedorrisrootandstorax;tenouncesofcumin;fourouncesoffatrenderedfromawhiteserpent;20ounceseachofthebrainsofawhiterabbit andablackcat,bothdried; and40ouncesof foxblood.All this,beingwellground,shouldbemixedtogether,andyoushoulddoeverythingthatyoudidwiththeothers.Rememberthattheaforesaidconfectionsofalltheplanetsoughttobemixedwithwhippedhoney,andpillsmadeofthem,asdescribedforSaturn.

Whenever you make these, work with the power of the planet for which thecompositionismade,thatis,withthespiritualpowerdiscussedinchapter6ofBookIII.Likewise,whenmakingthesecompositions,continuallyandwithoutceasingsaythe words and prayers of that planet. Be careful also that no one else sees thesuffumigations,andthatthesuffumigationsthemselvesdonotbeholdeithertheraysoftheSunorthoseoftheMoon;andkeeptheminachosenplace,andstoretheminametalvase,andthisvaseshouldbemadeofthemetaloftheplanettowhichtheworkpertains.Ifyoudonotdowhatissaidhere,theworkwillberuined,andyoushouldknow that failure in this work occurs because of the operator. I will explain theremedyforallofthistoyou,whichisthatyoufollowtheseinstructionssothatyoudonotruinthework.

AsagefromthelandoftheHindus,however,inabookthathewrote,revealedacertain wonder that I wish to repeat to you here; it is among the operations ofMercury,andamongtheprofunditiesandsecretsofthespiritofthatplanet,thatis,ofthespiritofknowledgeandunderstandingandlearning.YoushouldknowthatthisisoneofthewonderstheHindushaveinknowledge,secrets,andprofundities.

When certainHindu sages desire to preach to the people, they used to anointthemselves and their associates with this mixture; and by its virtue, spirit wouldaboundinthem,andgavethemgraceandvirtueandfortitudeaboveallothers,sothatthepeopleusedtoobeythem.Thecompositionwasofthiskind.Takesuetofjays,fatof sea crabs, suet of beef, and dried hoopoe blood, 40 ounces each; 20 ounces ofamber,tenounceseachofdriedpomegranateseedsandsydracseeds,and50ouncesofcostus.All this,beingwellground,shouldbemixedtogether,andassaidbefore,whileyouworkuponit,drawdownthespiritofMercuryintoit,continuallyrepeatingtheprayerofMercuryaswehavegivenitinthisbookofours.Whenyouhavedone

all this, keep in in a vesselmade of fixedmercury; andwith this composition thesages already mentioned were able to do all that was just described by anointingthemselvesandsuffumigatingwithit.

Theseareamongthewondersandthesecretsoftheirworkings.WhenthesagesoftheHinduswishedtopreachtothecommonpeople,theyusedtoanointthemselvesandtheirassociateswiththisointment,thatbyvirtueoftheointmenttheintellectualvirtueofthespiritwasincreasedinthem,andtheirwordsweredevoutlyreceivedbyall,andpeopleusedtobeobedienttotheirsermons.

Thisnextconfection,however,which is for thespiritofSaturn, ismade in thefollowingway.Take40ounceseachofpiggreaseandbeargrease,20ounceseachofred pepper and lupine seed, ten ounces ofmyrobalan seed, and 30 ounces of driedelephant blood. All this, being well ground, should be mixed together, and doeverythingintheorderthatwehavesaidabove.Whileyouaremakingit,attractthespiritualandcelestialvirtuetoit,thatis,bysayingtheprayeroftheangelofSaturnaswehavegivenitinthisbook.Theythusshowedthisconfectiontothespiritssothatother people would not hear them and so that they would be obedient to themagicians.

I wish here to teach you a certain thing, without which the work of thesuffumigationsandunguentsoftheplanetsisnotperfect.Inthiswork,itisnecessaryforyoutoactsothattheattractionofthespiritualvirtueoftherplanetiscompletedmost perfectly; this is kept as a supreme and profound secret.When you desire tocollect the blood and brains that we have mentioned for these suffumigations andointments,beheadtheanimalsashasbeensaidabove,andmakeofthemasacrifice,because by sacrifice and suffumigation the attraction of the spirits is more swift.When youwish tomake such a sacrifice, put the planetwhose spirit you desire toattract in its exaltation and free from the infortunes.But you shouldnot permit theaforesaidconfectiontobeseenbyanybody,andyoushouldkeepitinavesseloflead.

Thisnextconfectionprotectsthosewhomakesuffumigationsfrombeingharmedby the spirits of theplanets.Thevirtue andpowerof this confection extends to allworkingsinvolvingtheplanetsandspeakingwiththeirspirits;additionally,ithasthegreatestvirtueagainstpoisons,becauseitdefendsandprotectspeoplesothattheyarenotharmedbytheaforesaid.Thiscompositionismadeinthefollowingmanner.

Takesixouncesofscorpionbrains,fourouncesofthebrainofawhitedog,eightounceseachofpeacockbrainsandquailbrains, fourouncesofsparrowbrains, twoounces of goshawk brains, eight ounces of the blood of a male hedgehog, and 20ounces each of donkey brains and hoopoe brains. Mix all of the aforesaid brainstogetherandallowthemtodry.Thengrindthem,andaddtothemfourounceseachofwhiteandyellowsandalwood,cinnamon,andspikenard;oneounceofgiant fennel;20ouncesofamber;sixouncesofammoniac;tenouncesoffrankincense;fourouncesof nutmeg; two ounces of camphor; 16 ounces of quie (which is a certain kind of

gum);andfourouncesofmandrake.Allofthis,beingwellground,shouldbemixedtogether, and blend it with oil of centaury. Make seven round pills out of theconfection,anddrythemintheshade.

Whileyouaremaking this confectionof theplanets,donot cease saying theirprayersandthoseoftheirangels.Whenyouhavemadethepillsaswehavesaid,keepthemhidden in a vesselmade of all seven of themetals of the seven planets,[422]becausethespiritsoftheplanetsremainwiththemcontinually.Wheneveryoudesiretoperformaworkingofanyofthesevenplanets,oranyothercelestialworking,keeponeofthesepillswithyouwhileyoudoit,forwhileyouhaveitwithyou,thespiritsof the planets will not be able to harm you. The ancient sages used to protectthemselvesfromtheaforesaiddangerwiththismixture,andthenceyoushouldknowthatitismostsecretandmostuseful;thereforekeepitwellandhideit.

Theointment that follows is found in thebooksof the sages,whichcall it theOintmentoftheSun.Thevirtueofit is toreceivegrace,honor,exaltation,andlovefromkings,soldiersandaristocrats.Takeonephialofglass,andputintoitthebestoilofroses,pureandclear.OnthedayofMars,standinguprightonyourfeet,facetheSun,whichshouldbeinthesignsofAriesorLeoandinthedegreeoftheascendant,withtheMoonaspectinghimwithaamicableaspect.Thentaketheaforesaidphialinyourrighthand,andholdingit,withyourfacetotheSun,say:"MayGodblessyou,planet,repletewithyourlightandgoodness!Howbeautifulandgoodyoushineforthinyouroriginandyourresplendentspirit!YouareindeedtheSun,andyourulethecosmoswithyourlightandyourspiritandyourvigor.Youarethecandleofheaven,youarethelightoftheuniverse,youarethemakerofallthatisgenerated,andthesepowers are infused into you by God. For you are the Sun, who searches the fourcornersofthecosmosfromyourturningheaven.Toyoulightandbeautyaregrantedbydivinepower;yougrantyourluminouslightorlifetotheMoonunveiledfromherbeginningtoherend.

"Iaskofyouthereforethatyougranttome,inthisoil,friendship,benevolence,and a friendly reception, so that my friendship and the will of all hearts shall runtogether,bywhichIshallbeabletohaveloveandgracefromkingsandgreaterandlesserpersons.Let thisbe trueofme. Iaskyouandconjureyoubyyourdominionthat the friendship and love for me in their hearts, tongues, and thrones shall beeverywhere, and put me in the places of their joy, so that my appearance andfriendshipshallpleasetheminallthejoysofwhichtheyareaccustomedtopartake,andseeingmypresencetheretheyshallhonormeandbehappy.

"Iconjureyou,Lord,bytheangelAncora,[423]whodwellsinthefourthheaven,and by Anehutyora, Actarie, Ahudememora, Behartyon, Actarie, Ahude,[424] thatyou shall place love and benevolence from the hearts of kings, lords, and greatpersonsinthisoilwhichIholdinmyhand,thattheymayseekmeeagerly,andthatImaynothaveanenemyintheuniverse,andindeed,thatallmaypleasemeandlove

meobedienttomywill,norshalltheytransgressagainstmyprecepts,butratherseekmygrace.

"Iconjureyou,Lord,byBehibilyonandCelyuberon,[425]whodwellinthefifthheaven,thatyouwillopentheheartsofthesepersonstomeandbindtheirtonguessothat theyareunable tosayanythingevilofme,norbeable tofindanythingof thatkind inwordsor deeds, andmake this binding for nowand forever. I conjureyou,Lord, by Zauceb,[426] who is the angel of the sixth heaven, that you stop up themouthsofmyenemies,orevenmore,thatyoupourloveformeanddelightinmeintotheirhearts.

"Iconjureyou,Lord,byBarhaot,[427]whodwells in the seventhheaven, thatyougrant towardme love,goodwill, agood reputationandagood reception in theheartsofthewholeuniverse,andgranttomeagoodreceptionandperfectlovefromallpeople,aswellbydayasbynight,byyourspiritandgrace.Iconjureyoubythename that gives life to all loves and friendships, and that unites and conjoins theheartsofalllovers,thatyouwillpourenduringloveandbenevolencetowardmeintoalltheirheartsfornowandforever.Amen."

Say this prayer twelve times, andobserve the foregoing conditions.Thereafterkeepthisoilverycarefully.Whenyouwishtoenterintothepresenceofkings,lords,andexaltedpeople,anointyourfacewiththisoil,andwhatyouwish,youwillattain,andyouwillseemarvelsinyourfriendlyreceptionbytheaforesaid.ThisworkingIfoundwritteninthebooksoftheHindus,anditiscontinuallyinuseinallmannerofbusinessamongthem.

ChapterSevenThethingsofthemagicalartfoundinthebookTheChaldean

AgriculturewhichAbudaerAbemiaxietranslatedfromtheChaldeanlanguageintoArabic

In the book The Chaldean Agriculture, which Abubaer Abenvaxie translatedfromtheChaldeanlanguageintoArabic,wehavefoundmanyworkingsoftheartofmagicandagreatmanyotherthingsofthesamekind,whichwehavewritteninthisplace.

Onacertainpageofthisbook,itisrecountedthatagardener,whilehesleptonenightbeneathalaureltree,heardthislaurelspeaktohimandsay,"Oman,seeifinthisgardenofyoursthereisatreethatsurpassesmybeautyandvirtue;forindeedyouwillfindnoonewhocansaythathehasfoundatreebetter,lovelier,morehonorable,andmorepreciousthanIam."Tothisthegardenerresponded,"Whydoyousaythis,andwhatsignifiesthissayingtome?"Thetreesaid,"ThatyouwillrecognizemeassuchI speak toyou,and thatyouwillhonormeaboveother trees.Knowthat IamhonoredandprizedbyJupiter,whodelightsinmeandhonorsme.ThereforeIspeak

toyou,thatyouwillhonormeaboveothertrees,andworshipmeatopportunetimes,for Iwill reveal toyou amarvelousworking suitable toothers (andmost useful tothosewhomaycomeafteryou).Thereforeriseupinthemiddleofthenightandputoiloflaurelseeds[428]onyourhands,andyoushouldalsoanointyourfacewithit.Then stand, raising your face to look toward the heaven of Jupiter, and say: ‘OJupiter,who is the fortune of fortunes! I ask you by the praise and honor that thislaureltreeofferstoyouthatyouwillgrantmefifteenmoreyearsoflifeafterthisday.'Whenyouhavedonethis,untiltheaforesaidtimeyouwillremainsafelyalive.TrulyIsaytoyouthatifyoudothisworking,youwillfindittobetrue,norwillitfailyou,andinthiswayyoumayhelpyourself.BythisworkingyouwillbeabletoknowthehonorandlovethatIhavefromJupiter,andhowmuchhedelightsinmeandpermitsme."

Intheaforementionedbook,indiscussingthepropertiesofthistree,italsosaysthis:Adamtheprophetsaidthatifyoutakefourteenseedsofthelaureltree,andgrindthemtoapowderwhentheyareperfectlydry,andputthepowderinaverycleandishwithwinevinegarandbeatitwithastickoffigwood,whenyouwishsomeonetobepossessedbyademon,givethatpersonsomeofthispowderinadrink.Hewillappeartobegreatlyvexedbyademon,butnooneelsewillbeabletoperceiveit.Thecure:givehimthreeordinaryradisheswithalltheirleaves,andmakesurenoneofthemareleftuneaten;whentheyreachhisstomachandremainthereforalittlewhile,hewillbecuredoftheforegoing.

Itisprovenaboveinthesameplace,concerningthelaureltree,thatifyoutakethe leaves of the laurel and raise them in your hands after touching them to theground,thenputthemoveryourears,whiletheyremainthere,youwillnotbecomedrunk,norwillyouhaveaheadache,nomatterhowmuchunmixedwineyoudrink.

Ofthistree,inthesamebook,itsays:Takelaurelleavesandlimeorvitriol[429],onepoundeach;letthembepulverizedtogetherandmixedwithstrongvinegar.Ifyouanoint your hands with this, you will be able to take red hot iron in your handsbecauseoftheointment,withoutsufferinganyharm.

Again in thesamebookitsays: ifyoutakeboughsfromtheashtreeandcookwithitsleaves,alltheinsectsthatareinthatplacewillgatheraround.

Abenvasiaalsorecountsthatthesagesofmagichavesaidthatthesapoftrees,theirfat,andtheiroil,all theaforesaidexist ineverykindof tree,andifoneworkswiththesewordsandceremonies,theyquicklyreceivedthevirtueofspiritandoftheceremony.Sapindeedismoredisposedthantheotherstoreceivethis;forthisreasonthosewhoworkwithtreesapusingwordsandceremonies,andchangingthewords,putanythinginadrink,destroyanddamagetheheartsandbodiesofthesages.

Acertainsage,however,hassaidthatmyrtlehasapowerinmagicalceremoniesworthyofpraisewhenit ismixedwithother things.TheChaldeansagesassert thatthosewhoworkwiththistreefashionfiguresofdiverseanimalsoutofitsrootsinthe

place where it grows, asserting that these are no small foundation for magicalceremonies,becausefromthemamanwholooksonthemmaybemadeineffectandspirittohavetheirproperform,figuredandposedintheirsimilitude.Againtheysaythattheytaketherootsofthistreeatsomeone'sbirth,andmakefromthemthefigureof aman or awoman,writing on it the name of the person ofwhom the image isconstructed. From the roots they make other figures, that is, of lions, serpents,scorpions, and every other kind of noxious animal, mixed with the other formsaforementionedandplaceduponthem,andthattheydotheaforesaidataspecificandopportune time, when the planets and fixed stars are properly positioned toaccomplish the foregoing. Those for whom they do these workings in that placebecomeillandareseentobecruellyafflictedbysomedemon,losingtheirsensesandsufferingmanyotherinfirmities.

In that same book of The Chaldean Agriculture it is recounted that this treepraises itself aboveother trees, saying: "I am the treeofgold, andmycolor is likeunto it; and by me people are liberated from 98 illnesses, and are cured. My oilfortifiestheheartandcleansthegums,andbyitthespiritismadeglad,andthereisnootheroilthatdoesthisbetterthanmine.Iamtheblessedtree.Whoevertakesmybranchesorleavesorfruitandplacestheminhishousewillnotsufferfromwretchedmiseriesorfromsadthoughts,andforallthecircleofthatyearinallhisrelationshipshe will live fearless and alert. I am indeed above all others the blessed tree; forwhoeverwatchestheSunriseinthemorning,carryingmewithhiminhishands,willrejoiceandbegladthatday.ForIamthetreeofSaturn,weightiestofplanets;IamthetreeofthegreaternameandgreatSaturn;Iamthetreethatmakesthesorrowfulrejoice;Iamthetreethatremovesmisfortunefromtheunfortunate;Iamthetreethatpopulates desert places, and byme the regions of Persia and the land of the blackpeoplearemadefertile.Ihavethefirstamongdays,andthehighestandmosthonoredamongplanets,andtheoldestamongcities,andthestrongestandmostdurableamongcastles,andthegreatestandlongestamongrivers,andthecoldestamongwinds,andtheclearestamongparts,andthehighestamongheavens,andtheoldestamongtrees,andIobtainthenoblestamongqualitiesandthehighestamongrelics."

Concerning this, however, a certain sage namedZeherith,whowas one of thethreewhocomposed thebookofTheChaldeanAgriculture, said this: If anyoneonthefirstdayofthelunarmonth,andthefirsthourthereof,takesolivebrancheswithgreenleavesandnoyellowleaves,andcarriesthemtohishouse,andkeepsthemuntilthebeginningofthenextmoon;atthebeginningofthenextmoon,asbefore,lethimagaintakebranchestohishouse,carryingthemasbefore,whichheshouldkeepintheplacewhere thefirstbrancheswere.Then lethimtake thefirstandburn themuntilthey are blackened by the heat, and he will be protected from all the evils andimpedimentsofSaturn,andwillbewhollyfreeofthem,andwillbealertandjoyfulinhisspiritandqualities,andwillinnowaygrieveorsuffer,andwillprofitbyhiswork,

andliveafortunatelife,andwillbevirtuous,norwillhedieexceptofoldage.Again,hesaysthatifanyonemixestheaforesaidolivebrancheswithpalmbranchesinordertoworkaswehavesaidabove,allwhodwellinhishousewillbehealthyuntiltheydie,andfromthemallcoldillnesseswilldepart,andthelightandsightoftheireyeswillbeincreasedeverydayiftheylookattheaforementionedbranches.

Whoever takes a fresh olive pit and cleans it of all outward dirt, perforates it,threadsitonastrongblacksilkenthread,andsuspendsitfromthatthreadaroundtheneckofanyanimal,thatanimalwillnotbeafraidtowanderaloneatnight,andwillbealert,andwillbemadedocile towardpeople. Ifanyperson is timid,andcarries theaforesaidaroundhisneck,fearwilldepartfromhim;ifheisweeping,histearswillbetakenawayandhewillreceivegoodsolace;andifhesuffersfromevilthoughts,theywillfleeawayfromhimandgoodthoughtsaboutallthingswillreplacethem.

Ifanyonetakesnineoftheaforesaidpitsandcleansthemofallexternalmoistureand oil, and holding them in his hand, let himwatch the Sunwhen he rises in themorning,andoneafteranotherholds themupas thoughto throwthemin theSun'sface,andwhiledoingthissays:"OyouSun!Havemercyonme,andfreemefromtheinfirmitiesthatIsuffer."Lethimdothisseventimes,with49oftheaforesaidseeds,[430]andhewillbecuredwhollyofhisinfirmity,evenifthatinfirmityhaslastedalongtime.

Ifyouwishthatanangrypersonbefreedfromtheangerhehastowardyou,takeseventeenof theaforesaidpits,wellcleaned,andwash themwell inhotwaterand,afteralittlewhile,incoldwater,anddrythemverywellwithacleanandattractivecloth, and then anoint themwith olive oil. Then put them in your left hand. Standaboveaflowingriver,lookingatthewater,andsay:"Oyourunningwater,whoisthecontraryofburningfire!Appeasesuchaperson'sangertowardme,andremovefromhim the ill will he has towardme; let him be so pacified towardme that he maywholly cherish me and love me." When you have done this, throw one of theaforementioned seeds into the middle of the flowing water; and say these wordsseventeentimesinturn,andeachtimethrowoneoftheaforesaidpits.Whenyouhavecompleted this, theangerof theonewhobears it towardyouwilldepart fromhim;evenifitistheangerofagreatkingorsomeothergreatlord,hewillbepacifiedanddelightinyouandreceiveyouhonorably.

Ifanyonetakesavesselofcrystalorclearwhiteglass,andfillingitwithgoodclear olive oil, places it before the Sun everymorning and, on an empty stomach,continuallyobservesitsshadowandgazesintotheoil,hisvisionwillbeinvigoratedand all infirmitieswill depart fromhis vision and eyes, and his heart andwillwillrejoice,andhewillbelovedandverywellreceivedbyeveryonewhoseeshim.

If anyoneplants floweringmallow, andcontinually surroundshimselfwith thesame,andlooksatitsflowers,sadnessandillwillandevilthoughtswillbecastoutofhisheart,andhewillbeverywellreceived.

Ifyouwishthataspringofrunningwater,theflowofwhichhasdiminished,willrecoverthesame,dothefollowing.Haveavirgingirl,youngandbeautiful,gotothespringcarryingadrum,andstandingovertheoutflowofwater,letherbegintobeatthedrumsoftly,andlethergoonbeatingitforthreehours.Atthebeginningofthefourthhour,anotherlovelyandbeautifulvirginshouldgotothesameplace,bringingwithheratambourine,whichsheshouldstartbeating,followingthesamebeatasthedrum.Theyshoulddothisforthespaceofsixhours;ninehourswillpassinall,attheendofwhich thewaterof thespringwill increase.Doall this inasingleday,oratmostinthreedays,andthatspringwillbemadefitforuse.

Again it says: Lovely virgin girls dressed in garments of diverse colors andcarryingdiverseinstruments(whateverinstrumentstheywish)beforetheopeningofthespringgosinginganddrumming.Thentheygoaroundtheopeningofthespringatadistanceoftwocubitsdoingthesame.Thenoveradistanceof21cubits,oneafteranother,theyapproachitdrumminganddrawbackfromitsinging.Theythenreturntocirclingtheopeningofthespringasbefore.Thentheyworkbydrawingbackfrom,and then approaching the spring, that is, drumming and singing as has been said.Whenallthishasbeencompleted,thewaterofthatspringwillbeincreasedthatdayorthenext.

Ifanyonetakesmallowleaveswellgroundandmixedwitholiveoil,andanointshishandsandbodywithit, ifheputshishandsamongbeesorwasps, theywillnotstinghimorharmhim,norwilltheydohimanyhurt.

If youwish to exterminate fleas, take white lead, quicklime, and the roots ofbittermelon,grindthemwellandaddanequalamountofasafoetida;allthisshouldbetemperedwithwater,andanequalamountofsaltmixedwithit.Ifyousprinklethismixtureinyourhome,allthefleasthatdwelltherewillperish.

Forimprovingvines.Takechickpeasandanointthemwitholiveoil,cookthem,then grind themverywell, and cast around a pound thereof about a vinewhen thefruitisbecomingsour,andthesourtastewillnaturallydepartfromthevine.

For removing sorrow. Take chickpeas which you have set in the light of theMoon at night, when her light is increasing; in the morning, before the sun rises,anointthemwitholiveoil,andputtheminwatertosoftenthemforthespaceoftwohours.Thencookthem.Fromallthosetowhomyougivethesetoeat,allsorrow,illwill, evil thoughts, and every kind ofmelancholywill depart, and their heartswillrejoiceinthehighestvirtue,andtheywillbecomejoyfulandalertinallthings.

Whencloudsappearthatlookasthoughtheycarryhail,andsomeonewishestoprotecthisharvestfromhailstorms,lethimhavemanyassociateswithhim,ofwhichsomeshouldcarrysilk,andsomeshouldhavenothingintheirhands,andletthemgoout into his field; and one by one let them throw the silk at the clouds, while theotherswhoarewithoutsilkgoaboutclappingtheirhands.Allofthemshouldmakehigh-pitchedcries,of thesort that farmersmakewhen theywant tomakebirdsand

noxiousanimalsflee;theyshoulddothisveryoften.Remember,however,thatthereoughttobeanevennumberofthem,andthemorethereare,thebetter.Thishasbeenprovenandfoundtruebyverymany.

Take pure steel (that is, iron from Andanica[431]) and make of it a highlypolishedmirror.Gotowardtheclouds,carryingthemirrorinyourhandsandraisingittoward the clouds, shouting in a loudvoice, and the tempestswill depart from thatplace.

InacertainbookeditedbyGeberthesage,concerningtempestsandotherthings,Ifoundthiswritten.Makeamirrorofgoldorgiltsilver,andsuffumigateitwithhairfromawoman'schest,whichyoumoistenwithyoursemen,thensuffumigateitwiththreadsfromhergarment.Afteryouhavewashedyourself,lookintoit,andyouwillmakeherimageappearinthemirror,followedimmediatelybyyours;orfirstyours,thenhers.ThisexperimentissomethingthatPtolemyofBabylonsaid,andthreesagesfromIndiafounditinEgypt;andtheyprovedthatthismirroroughttobemadewhentheMoon is inconjunctionwith Jupiter, andgildedor furbishedwhen theMoon iswithVenus.ButIwishtotellyouthecompositionofthemirror,andhowitistobeworkedandkept,forthisreason,thatallthenatureofhumanityentersintoit.Temperthemirrorwithliveandnaturalblood;thensuffumigateit;thenwriteonitthenamesofthesevenstars,theirsevensymbols,andthenamesofthesevenangelsandsevenwinds.Nowthenamesofthesevenstarsarethese:Zohal,Musteri,Marrech,Xemz,Zohara,Hotarid,Alchamar.Andthesefiguresarewritteninacirclearoundtheouteredge,

and theyare ina ring.Nextarewrittenwithinapolishedandgildedcircle thenames of these seven angels: Captiel, Satquiel, Samael, Raphael, Anael, Michael,Gabriel. When this is done, the names of the seven winds are written on theunpolishedpart,andthesearethepowersofthewind,ofwhomthenamesarethese:Barchia, Bethel almoda, Hamar benabis, Zobaa marrach, Fide arrach, Samoresmaymon,Aczabi.[432]

Thensuspendthemirrorforsevendaysinsilkabovewater,andsuffumigateit;and let it be suspended from a red staff. For three nights suffumigate itwith goododors;thebestmaybefoundintheBookofMoses.Ifyougazeintothismirror,andkeep itwell,youwillsee that in ityouwillgathermen,winds,spirits,demons, thedeadandtheliving,andallwillobeyyouandbeatyourcommand.Doyourworkinthismanner: the suffumigation is of the seven things proper toman, that is, blood,semen,spittle,earwax,thetearsoftheeyes,feces,andurine.Suffumigatewiththis,andinstructthewindsasyouwish;andtheywilldoyourwill.Keepthis,andyouwillexperienceallthatIhavesaidtoyou;foryouwillhavepoweroverwinds,men,and

demons,andtheywillcomeobedientlytoyou.Dothisoverabasinofwateroroversomeothercleanvesselfullofwater.Andyouwillbeholdthis,anditwillbefulfilledasyouhaveasked.

The sage whom we have already named (that is, Zeherith) has recountednineteenexperimentswhicharewrittenbelow.Thefirstistoprotectvineyardsfrombadweather.Takea tabletofmarbleorwood, andon itmake imagesofvines andgrapes,dothisbetweenthe22nddayofOctoberandthefourthdayofDecember(thatis,onwhateverdayamongtheaforesaidyouwish);andput the tablet thusmade inthe middle of the vineyard. This image is proven to protect vineyards from theweather.

Forchasingnoxiousanimalsfromavineyard.Takeequalpartsofthefecesofablackdogand the fecesofawolf.Let thembemixedwithhumanurine,and leavethemthusforsevendays;attheendofwhich,sprinklethiswhereveryouwishinthevineyard.Nonoxiousanimal,suchasbears,wolves,foxes,serpents,andthelike,willenterintothatplace.Dotheaforesaidforthreedaysinsuccession.

Formakingserpentsflee.Taketartagowoodandsuffumigatewithit inaplacewhereserpentsgathertogether,andatoncetheywillfleefromthere.

Forthesame.Takeammoniacandasafoetida,oneounceeach,andstrongwinevinegar that has been boiled on the fire, andwhile boiling it dissolve the aforesaidgumsuntil theyarewellmixed.Then let it be takenout and formed into lozenges,whichyoushouldsaveforuseinaglassvessel.Whenyouwishserpentstofleefromanywhere they are, suffumigate that place that you wish to purify with the saidlozenges,orothersofthesamesort,andyouwillhaveyourintention.

Formakingreptilesandmiceflee.Takexenab,deer'shorn,axenusandleopard'stongue.Letthemallbepulverizedandmixedwithverystrongwinevinegar;letthembe temperedandcooked togetheruntil the result is theconsistencyofoxymel.[433]Thenmixitwithpowderedpomegranateleaves.Makepillsoutofthis,andsavethemforuseinaglassvessel.Whenyoudotheworking,suffumigatetheplacewiththese,anditwillbepurifiedofthem.

Forkillingmice.Takeequalpartsoflitharge[434]andceruse,[435]andpulverizethem.Addtoonepartofthismixture,fourpartsofflour,andmixitallwithalittleoil.Makeitintopills,andanointthemwithagedcheeseseveralyearsoldthathasagoododor.Puttheseinaplacewheremiceareaccustomedtogo;allthosethateatofthepillswillquicklydie.

Forthesame.Takeabronzevessel,andputintoitthedregsofoilinwhichblackhellebore has been mixed. Put this same vessel in the house where mice areaccustomedtogo.Theodoroftheoilwilldrawthemtoit;andwhentheyhavetakenalittleoftheoil,theywillsuddenlyfalloverasthoughdrunk.

For killing scorpions. Take radish leaves and put themon scorpions, and theywillbitethemselvesuntiltheydie.

Tomakealoverforgethisbeloved.TakefavabeanswhentheMoonisineitherofSaturn'srulerships,andputtheminwineforadayandanighttosoftenthem;thenletthembecookedinthesamewine.Whentheyarecooked,letthembegiventothelovertoeat,andhewillforgethisbeloved.

Thatwaspsandbeesdonotstingyou.Takedrypowderedasparagusroots,andmixthemwithsesameoil.Anointyourhandsandfeetwiththis;afterwards,youwillbeabletosafelyentertheplacebecauseyouwillbeabletoremainsafefrominjuryfromthem.

Adeadlypoison.TakethejuiceofanherbthatisknowninthelandofArmenia,theleavesofwhicharesimilartopalmleavesexceptthat theyarefiner,andwithitanointthepointofaspearoranyotherweapon,andifanyoneiswoundedbybeingstruckwithit,inthadayortheonefollowingit,heshalldie.Tocurethis,takehumanfeces, freshordried. Ifyouget it fresh,give thepatient twoouncesof it inadrinkwithoilofroses,oroilofviolets,orthetwomixedtogether;bythispotionalonehewillbeable toescapefromit. Ifyouget thefecesdried,givehimfourounces inadrinkwith thesameamountofdriedroses.AsIrecollect, Ibelieve that thisherb iscalledalcondiz,becausefromthejuiceofthatherbadeadlypoisonismadewhenironisdippedintoit,andafterwardsbloodisshedinwoundingsomeonewiththeiron.

Another deadly poison. If anyone consumes a pound ofmonkshood seeds, hewilldiewithin fourhoursdespiteany remedygivenafterwardsexcept freshhumanfecesgiven inadrink.Youshouldknowthathumanfeces, freshordried,generallycountereverypoison,[436]exceptthebiteofthedeafadder,whicharenothealedbythemalone.Itisverynecessarythataplasterofradishes,wellcrushed,beputonbitesofthissnake,andthepainwillbesoothed.

Atheriacforeverypoison.Takethreeouncesoflaurelwood,sevenouncesofitsleaves,andtwoouncesofitsfruit.Letthisbedriedandwellpowdered,andtoitaddsixouncesofhuman feces.Mix it together and incorporate itwithhoneyandwax,and be sure that the weight of the latter is no greater than the former. Keep thisconfection in a golden or silver vessel. This is a universal theriac against everypoison,anditpreventsgrayingofthehair.

Ifyouputa laurelbough inahousewherea frightened infant isbeingnursed,putting theboughabove itscradle, the infantwillbe freedfromfear. Ifyouplantalaurel tree insideahousewhereveryouwish, fearwillbe removed from thehouse,and its inhabitantswill be happy, joyful, and restwell,which are properties of theaforesaidtree.

Theseedsofthedarneldamagetheheadandmaketheeyesdarkenandremovevisionandcausesleep.Someaccursedpeopletakeequalpartsofdarnelseeds,crocus,olibanum,andwinelees,andifanyonedrinksofthisconfection,hewillsleep,andhistonguewillbecomesodry thathewillnotbeable to speak,norwillhebeable tostandup.Ifyouaddtothesethingsfourotherthings,whicharethese:mandrake,wild

lettuceseed,blackpepper,andhenbaneseed,ifyougivethisconfectiontoanyone,hewill be drunk and will lose his senses and will be completely out of his mind.Abenvasia, speaking of the foregoing, instructs that this confection should be keptsecret,norshoulditberevealedtoanywickedperson.

InTheChaldeanAgriculture,speakingofthissameherb,[437]hesaysthatinitexistmanymarvelousproperties,thatis,ifyouputahandfulofitintoabasinandputsnakesinit,theywillriseupontheirtailsasthoughtheywishedtojump;andthatifyouputthisherbnexttoamirrorplacedsoastostandinthesun,itwillbeburnt.

Forhealingmorphews.WhentheSunsetsandyouareabouttogotosleep,takeasmanyfavabeansasyoucanhold inyourhandandsay:"You,Sun,preciousandhighlord,Iaskthatyoutakeawaythismorphewfromme,andmakeitvanishfrommybodyandmychestandfromwhateverplaceitmaybe."Whenyouhavesaidthis,throw one of the aforesaid beans behind your shoulder; and repeat the foregoingwords and do the said action until all the beans are gone. Do the foregoing sevennightsinarow,anddothiswhentheMooniswaning.

For catching birds. Take fava beans and darnel seed, and put them inwind tomoistenforadayandanight;thentakeitandputitinaplacewherecranes,crows,andotherbirdsareabletoeatfromit.Thosewhoeatofitwillfalltothegroundasthoughdead.

For taking away warts. First count how many there are, and take the samenumber of chickpeas.When theMoon is conjunct the Sun according to its propermotion, you shouldwarm the aforesaid chickpeas somewhat at the fire.Thenuponeachoneof thewartsputoneof thechickpeas,and leave it there fora littlewhile;thentakeitoffthesame,andletitbeputinablackclothandtiedupwithathread.Standuponahighplace, throw thechickpeasbehindyou, and return toyourhomewithoutanybackwardglanceorsteptowardthechickpeas.

For separating two people from each other. The seeds of a certain tree that iscalledsebestanhavemanypropertiesinworkingsofmagic,amongwhichthereisaworking for separating two people from each other and putting discord and evenenmitybetweenthem;forindeedthepropertyoftheseseedsistoseparatefriendshipsandalteringthewillinsuchawayastomakeitbearillwilltowardothers.ThewordsofZeheriththesageextendthisfar.

Abenvasia recounts that all the Chaldeans, great as well as small, men andwomenalike,onthefirstnightofthemonthofMarchusedtoputintheirbedsundertheir headsonepieceof cheese and fourdates and sevengrape seeds and an equalnumberofgrainsofsalt,inafittingcloth.TheyusedtosaythatacertainoldwomanwhowasaservantofVenususedtosaythaonthatnighteveryoneintheirbedsoughttofeelundertheirbelliesandlookbeneaththeirheads.Iftheyfoundemptinessundertheirbelliesanddidnot find itunder theirheads (becauseof theportionofcheese,dates,andraisins,assaidabove),theyusedtopraytoVenusatoncethatacertainman

whohad been sick all that year, and had been hindered in all hisworks,would besustainedforthefollowingyear.AlltheBabyloniansalsousedtodothiswithoutfail.

HealsosaidthatthepowerofSaturnandMarswascombinedinacertainfruitsimilar to amelon,which is called "batecas;" and it is used by thosewho performastrological operations.Again he says: if anyone puts the seeds of the batecas in ahumanskull,andburies it, andcovers itwellwithearth,andwaters it, from itwillgrowcitrulls.[438]Whoever eats these citrullswill experience an increase in vigor,memory,andintellect.Ifyouputtheseseedsintheskullofadonkeyandburyit,andkeep themmoistwithwater as above, itwill bear citrulls, and anyonewho eats ofthemwill become silly and foolish, andhis vigor, courage and intellectwill departfromhim.

InthesamebookitsaysthattheChaldeansusetherootsofthisherbinoneway,itsleavesinanother,itsstemsinstillanother,anditsseedssimilarlyinanother,andineachof themaremarvelous andbeautiful effects in the art ofmagic.This happensbecauseitswiftlyattractsandreadilyreceivedallthosethingsthatNatureherselfhasplacedinit.Whenitismixedwithhumanbrains,thosewhoeatofitwillaccomplishwonders.

Itsayslaterinthesamebookthatifthesameseedisplacedintheheadandbellyofanyanimal,and theseedand theanimalburied together in theearth, itwillbearcitrullsthatwillworkmarvels,andtheywillbesimilarintheireffectstotheanimalinwhose head or belly the aforementioned seed was placed, as described above.Whoevereatsofthemandmixesthemwithhisownnature,theywillworkwondersinthebodyofthosewhoeatthem.

Again in the same book it says that if someone takes onemandrake root andburies it in the same place as these batecas seeds, they will work many wonders,which Iomit atpresentbecauseof the tediumofwriting so longapassage; in thatbook,however,itiscontainedinfull.

Acertainancientsagewhowasaheadofhistimeinphilosophyrecountedtwelvemiraculousworkings,whichI intend towritedownat thispoint.Thefirst is that, ifanyoneputs ahuman skull in a seedbed, and in that place the seedofbatecashasbeenplantedandcoveredwithearth,andthisseediscastintosoilpreparedforit,andthereafter each day it is watewred with a mixture of lukewarm water and humanblood,itwillonceagainbearcitrulls.Thosewhoeatthemwillseemanyterrifyingaswellasothermarvelousthings.

Again it says: if someone takes inhishand the rootof anonion,watching theMoon at nightwhen she rises in the first hour of the night, and stands on his feetfacing the Moon, saying the words and prayers we have given in this book, andofferingthefollowingconjuration:"Iswearbyyou,Moon,thatifyoutakefrommepainandinfirmitiesof theteeth, thatIwillnevereatanypartofanonion;" thenlethimcook theonionhehas inhishands,andeat it.Whoeverdoes thiseverymonth

whentheMoonisdisposedasaforesaidwillbeprotectedagainstallinfirmitiesoftheteeth.

Thatachickenwill followyouaround.Take the leavesofagardenonion,andfold themupone insideanother.Give themtowhateverchickenyouwishfor threedays in a row, that is, three timesaday; andyouought tobegin thisworkingonaWednesday.Thereafterthechickenwillesteemyouandfollowyou.

Thateveryhardbodybesoftened.Takesalalkali[439]andgalbanum,tenpoundseach.Puttheminavesselwiththreetimesasmuchwaterasbothtogether,andletitremainthereforsevendays,attheendofwhichyoushouldstrainthewaterthroughacloth.Thenheatthewater,andputintoitthesameamountofalkaliandgalbanumasbefore.Again,letitremainthereforsevendays,andthenstrainthroughcloth.Thenreheatthewater,andintoeachtenpoundsofwaterputhalfapoundofammoniacandtwoouncesofatrament.LetallthisbeputonagentlefireorwarmedwellbytheSun;leaveitfortendays,andthenletitbecookedforoneentireday;thenstrainit,anditismade.Ifyouputbone,horn,stones,oranyhardmetallicbodyintoit,andallowitagain tobeheatedby theSun,whilecoveredentirelywithsheetsof lead,whatyouputintoitwillbesoftenedtotheconsistencyofpaste.

Forthesame.Takecedartipsandmixthemwithredwinevinegar,andmixthemvery well, until they are blended together. Into each pound of the same put threeounces each of sal ammoniac and powdered sea salt; let them bemixedwell, andleave them in the sun for three days, stirring each day.When you have done theforegoinginthisway,putintoitanyhardbodyyouwish,anditwillbemadesosoftthatyouwillbeabletoworkitasyouwish.

Forthesame.Thesagementionedabovesaidthatsulfursoftenseverymetallicbody,anditsworkwitheverystoneandmetalismarvelous.

Forprovokinguncontrollablelaughter.Givetenouncesofpowderedcrocusinadrink to anyone you wish; it will cause him to start laughing uncontrollably, untilfinallyhedies.

Theherboftheliondestroysalltreesandplantsthatarearoundit,norcananytreeoranyotherplantgrowinaplacewhereherbof theliongrows.Itcanonlybeuprooted in thisway. Let a virgin girl approach it, carrying awhite roosterwith adividedcrest;andcirclingtheplacewheretheplantis,lethermaketheroosterstriketheplantwithitswings.Bythatstrikingtheherbwillbedriedup.[440]

Ifacatapproachesanyplacewherespikenard is,and it smells theodorof thespikenard,itwillnotleavethatplace,butwillseekforthespikenardandcryasloudlyasitcan,thisisoneofthemarvelsofplantsandtheplaceswheretheyappear.

Everyplacehasdifferentproperties,thatis,therearetreesandanimalsattributedto it that are rarely foundelsewhere, as seenwithbalsam,which is said togrow inEgyptalone,andebanuswhichgrowsontheislandofHuacandnotelsewhere,andthetreethatiscalled"thetreeoftheblackpeople"andonlygrowsinthecountryof

the black people, and the tree bearing olibanum, which is found in the plain ofHamen,andthemusetreewhichisonlyknowninthewesternlands,andmanyotherswhichare insomeplacesandnot inothers, that is,according towhetherornot theplaceisappropriatetothem.Thepropertyoflandsandplacesarefromtheharmonyofwatersandairs;but thefirstcausesofall theseis inthelineofheaventransitingoverthatplaceandfromthevigorofthestarsfoundtherein.Forfromthevigorandnatureofthestarsexistinginthatlinewillbetheproductionofanimalsandtreesinthatplace,whicharenotabletobeproducedinotherplaces.

InthewesternseasthereisacertainislandnamedCadiz,inwhichacertainherbgrows in thespringtime;and thecattleof that islandeat thatherb. Ifanyonedrinksmilk from that herd, hewill becomedrunk as though itwerewine; and hewill bemadeasmerrybythatmilkasbywine.

InFranceacertaintreeissaidtogrow,andifanyonestaysunderitforthespaceofhalfanhour,hewilldie;andifanyonetouchesitortakesanythingfromit,hewilldieinstantly.[441]

LikewiseinFrance,inthesouthernpart,acertainsmalltreeissaidtogrow,anditisthesizeofacabbage,butitsleavesarelikethoseofrue.Ifanyonetakestherootwiththebranchesandleavesofthissametree,andputsthemincoldwaterandleavesthemforanhour,thewaterwillbecomeashotasifitstoodbythefire;andwhenitistakenout,atoncethewaterwillbeascoldasbefore.

InthelandofIndiathereissaidtobeacertaintreewhichcannotbeburnedbyfire.Thereissaidtobeanothertreetherewhich,ifyoutakeabranchandputitontheground,ifwillmovelikeaserpent.

Inthesameplaceissaidtobeanothertreefromwhich,inspringandfall,voicessimilartohumanvoicesareheardtoissue,andtherootsofthattreeareshapedlikehumanbeings.

InthelandofBequienisacertaintreethatlightsupatnightlikeacandle.Itsaysalsothatcostus,whichisfoundinthelandofIndia,emitsmoreodorthan

anyotherthing,anditisthesuffumigationtheyuseforimagesinthehousesoftheirceremonies.TheChaldeans say that it is thebestof all things formakingofferingsand suffumigations to images of Venus, andmany work with her images using it.Zeherith the sage included this tree in thebookTheChaldeanAgriculture.He saidthatsomeoftheChaldeansusedtomixnutmeg,holly,moistanddrystorax,roseandmyrtleflowers,aswellasfrankincense,withthisherb;andallofthemmixeditwithcrocus.With thismixture theyused tosuffumigate theirclothing, images,andfaceson theirhighholydays,[442]saying that theodorof this suffumigationdestroysallinfirmitiesandturnsimpedimentsawayfromthem.

It says further that a suffumigation of themyrrh tree or its branches preventsepidemics.Again,theyusedtomakeasuffumigationofthewoodofthesametree,aswellasitsgum,towhichtheyusedtoaddincense,nutmeg,holly,andstorax,saying

that this suffumigation made Venus gracious. When they used to burn thissuffumigationwithsacrificestoVenus,andwithherprayersandconjurationsbeforeher book and images as we have said in this book, playing their instruments andsayingtheaforesaidconjurationsofVenus,theywouldaskfromVenuswhatevertheywished.WhenthisceremonywasgiventoVenusshewouldfulfillalltheirpetitions.Theydidnotdo theforegoingunlessVenuswasfreeofallotherplanetsand inherpowerandvirtue,sothatshewasnotimpedited[443]byanything,andespeciallybyan aspect or conjunction with Mercury, because among the other impediments toVenusan aspect or conjunction with Mercury takes the highest place. Zeherith theSagesaidthattheadditionofcrocusandcostustotheforegoingsuffumigationaddspowertoit,andtheworkwillbecompletedmorequickly.

Wehaverelatedallthesemarvelsoftreesinthisourbookbecauseplantsareonepart of the inferior world of the elements, subject to generation and corruption.Generationandcorruption,inturn,aredividedintothreeparts,thatis,inanimals,inplants,andinminerals.Plantsarethemediumbetweenanimalsandmineralsbecauseplantscorrespondtoanimalsinliving,growing,andreproducing,andtomineralsincorporeityandinsensitivity.Thusplantsaremoreusefultohumanlifethananimalsorminerals.Thosethingsthatareusefultohumanlifeandhealthfromplantsareseeds,roots,stalks,bark, leaves,flowers,andfruit; fromminerals,humanbeingsalsotakewhatisusefultothemsuchassalt,alum,stones,andmetals;fromanimals,meat,fat,bones,blood,andothercomponentsofanimalbodiesareused.

It is therefore manifest that plants are situated closer to humanity than areminerals, and among plants are trees, which exceed the other plants in goodness,scent,properties,usefulness,orsomeotherthing.Itisclearlysimilarinminerals,thatis, in precious stones, which are considered more excellent than other stones, andlikewiseamongmetals,amongwhichgoldprevailsoverall.Butthenoblestandmostprecious of all corruptible things is the rational animal, that is, man, to whoseperception and industry all things are made subject until the end. This elementaryworldexistsbecauseoftheelements;theelementsbecauseofnature;naturebecauseofspirit;spiritbecauseofintellect;andintellectbecasueofGodHimself,uponwhomalltheheavensandnaturedepend.ToWhombeblessingsfortheinfiniteagesofages.Amen.

DescriptionofAnotherOperationWhichKillsbytheSoundWhenItIsHeardfromIbnWashiyya'sBookofPoisons

Take half of a skin of a lambwhichwasmedium in age and size. Itmust bedamp;ifnot,sprinklejustenoughwateronittowetit.Thenpulverizeequalamountsof gallnut, pomegranate rind, and inner bark of the oak. Spread the pulverizedmaterials on the skin and set it in the sun.Burn equal amounts, in a total quantity

sufficient to tantheskin,of thefollowing:woodofmyrtle,pomegranatewood,andwood of the oak. When they are burned and in ashes, gather these ashes in anearthenwarecontainer.Sprinkleaman'surineonituntilitiswettedandsetitinthesununtil it isdriedwell.Thenboiltheseasheswithwhatcoversit inpotablesaltedwaterofthewell.Whenalltheashesaredissolvedinthewater,freezeit;itwillfreezeasasharp[acidic]salt.Takethissaltandtantheskinwithituponwhichyouscatteredgallnutandtheothers.Its tanningisgood.Dryitwell inthesun.Thentakeasharpshoemaker'sknife,andpeelitsothatitmaybewellpoundedtoachievethethicknessofvellumoralittlethicker.Then,fromtheskin,cutofftwopiecesthewidthofonecubitoralittlemore.Cutthetwopiecesinaroundform,inasizewhichisequaltoadrumuponwhichitwillbeplaced.Putthemintheinsideofanearthenwarejar.

Hunt for three vipers or big snakes and then throw them on the round pieceshiddenin thejar.Cover thejarwellanddonotfeedthesnakesatall.LeavethejarwhichiswellcoveredfromaTuesdayuntil theendof thefollowingTuesday.Thenuncoverthejar.Throwtothesnakesthepomegranaterindswhichhavebeenpoundedwithsimilarthings,opiumkneadedwithgoodwineandshapedasdelicatehazelnutsanddried.Thesnakeshastentoswallowthesehazelnuts.Whentheyhaveeatentheminsufficientamount,thejariscovered;ifsomeremain,theyareleftwiththesnakesinthejar.Thenthejarisleftforthreedaysandnights.Itisthenun-coveredagainandyouwillfindthatthesnakeshavedied.Takethemoutandthrowthemintoafurnacesothattheirbodiesmaybeburnedthere.Thentakethetworoundhidesandmakeadrumusingthewalnutwood.Onthelatter,placethetworoundhidesfirmly,makingitadherewithglueandpaste.Itisstrengthenedwiththeembalmingagentwhichwasmade from gall- nut rinds, or from the black wool in which the snakes or Hanit,accordingtoDozy,isusedtodryupmoisture.viperswerewrapped.Thisisappliedalsototherindsinwhichthesnakesorviperswerewrapped.Thencrematethesnakeor viper. Take some bat's urine which has become concentrated and dense; thencounter-actitwiththeurineofman.Putitinthehotsunforadayandthenpulverizeitinurineuntilitisdissolvedandintegrated.Thantakeafeatherfromthewingofanowlorablackcrow.Anointthetwohidesandthewoodoftheentiredrumwithurinedissolved in urine until it is all soaked andyou are certain that nomorewetting ispossible.Thensetitinthesun.Whenitiswelldriedanointitagain.Dothisoperationthreetimes,thendryitverywellinthesun.

Thentakeastickfromtheolivetreewhichwillmakeasoundonthedrumwhenthestickstrikesit.Setthestickandthedrumapart.WhenthesunsetsonaTuesdayevening, take the drum and the stick and set them down facingMars. If themoonadjoinsMars,thenitisbest;other-wisewhileMarsisrising.Thentakethestickwithyour lefthandsuch that theoutsideofyourhandwith thestickand thedrumagreewithMars,andsay,

"OGod,thepowerful,whomakesonethirstviolently,thearrogant,thekillerof

all, who flings factions and disturbances among people! O God who delights insheddingbloodand[spreading]death,thehighpositionofthepeaceisthinenowandforalltimeinregardtomeandthyslaves.Killestwiththisdrumwhohearsitssoundquickly, immediately!O the destroyer, the arrogant, the killer, the cruel, the blood-thirsty, the troublous to mankind who impairs their health, reason, and action, killwiththisdrumeveryonewhohearsitsvoice!"

Repeat your word, "Kill with this drum everyone who hears its voice," eighttimes,thensay,"OGodofdeath,Godoffire,Godofheat,thedestroyerwithstrengthand power, who sends everyone death and killing and the corruption of life toeveryonewhohearsthesoundofthisdrum.Thatisthisdrum."Repeatyourwords,"Itisthisdrum"fortytimes.Then,inacenser,smokeseedoflaurel,seedofmustard,andstorax.When the smokebegins to appear, standuponyour feet andmake the stickagreewithMars.Thensay,

"HearmeOGodofthesky,earth,andblue,brown,andgreeneyes.Thoumusthearmeandkilleveryonewhohearsthisdrumexcepttheonewhoprotectedhimselffrom thee, and from soundwith thepowerof Jupiter opposingyou, andwhicheverwayheisafraidofthee,OGodofevils,ofgloryofevils,andthatstrengthensevilsdayandnight.Now,Istandbeforetheeinthedarknessofthisnight.Ifearthee,andhopefromthee,andaskofthee,andunderstandtheethatwhenthynamesareusedinprayer,thenthouhearestwhenitisaskedonthem.Thougivest.OGod,thepowerful,theviolent,hearestmyprayer!Amen,amen,amen!"

Then set down the drum and stick beforeMars until it sets and untilmorningbreaks,untilyouseethattheskyisquitebright.Thentakethedrumandthestickwithwhichyoustrikethedrum.Ifyouwishtokillone,strikethedrumwithitwhenthemoonisassociatedwithSaturn,whileitconfrontsitfromeverydirectionexcepttheoppositeone.Thesituationoftheoppositedirectionisnotappropriateforthis.SingwhileyoustrikeitwiththewordswhichpraiseMars.Whoeverhearsthisvoicedieseither on the same day or after three hours following the darkness of night havepassed.

ChapterEightThevirtuesofotherthingswhichNaturedoesbyherownproperties

Inthispartwewillrecountthemarvelouspropertiesofsimples,trees,animals,andminerals.Firstistheemerald;whenitisseenbythekindofviperthathasaheadresemblingaweasel's,theviper'seyessuddenlygoblind.Further,whenserpents'eyesarehurt,theyresttheirgazeuponfennel,andatoncetheyarehealed.Eaglescarryadiamondtotheplacewheretheyraisetheiryoung,sothatthechickswillbeprotectedfromserpents.Whenbearsseetheeyesofmice,atoncetheyfleefromthem.

Whenthebonesofahoopoeareput inhotwater, thepartsfromthebottomof

thebirdsink,whiletheothersfloatontopofthewater.Whenanowldies,oneofitseyesstaysopenandtheothercloses.Iftheclosed

eyeisplacedoversomeone,hewillsleepandcannotbeawakenedwhile it remainsoverhim,whileiftheopenoneisplacedabovesomeone,hecannotsleepunlessitistaken away. If someonewho suffers from gout places the claw of a vulture abovehimself,hewillbefreedfromthegout,thatis,inthisway:ifthegoutisontherightside,heputstherightclawofavultureoverhimself,andlikewisefortheleft.

InthelandofHorazenissaidtobeaverywhitestonenamedassiffethatcannotbe ground down. When this stone is put on anyone's stomach, it heals whateverinfirmitiesofthestomachmightbepresent.

IntheriverAlgerichearefoundwhite,spotted,black,andmixedstones,andiftheyarerubbedtogether,theyprovokeafloodinthatriverwhichwillnotceasewhilethestonesarebeingrubbed.Forthisreasonnooneisabletoentertheriverorwalkonitsgravelatnightbecauseoftherubbingofthestones;fromthatfriction,floodsissueassaidabove,andatnightwecannotperceivethembysight.

The eagle-stone sounds inwardly as though it had another stone inside it, butwhenitisbroken,nothingisfound,andeachofthepartssoundsasabove.ThisstoneisredincolorlikethesoilofCabros.Thevirtueofitiswonderfulinchildbirth;forifawomangivingbirthtakesit,shegivesbirthatoncewithoutdangerandwithlittlepain.

There is a certain animal the size of a fox, and similar to a cat in form andappearance.Thisanimalputsoutfirebyitscoldness,norisitkilledorburnedbyfire.Themouthsofostrichesarenotburnedbyfire,norisitsstomach,intowhichhotironmaybeput;foritdigestsironinitsstomachandtakesnoharmfromit,andindeedisnourishedbyit.Ifyoutakeallthefeathersfromwhateverbirdyouwish,andmakeofthemasinglemass,ifyourubthatmassoveraclothoryourhand,whateverbodyofmodest sizeyou touchwith itwillbedrawn to it and suspendedabove theground.[444]

Thereissaidtobeacertainstonenamedbehet,whichisofacolorlikethecolorofmarcasite,[445] and it shines beautifully.Anyonewho looks at it evenoncewillremainincontinuallaughteruntilhedies,noristheresaidtobeanyremedythatwillcuresuchlaughter.Onthisstonethereissaidtobeacertainbirdnamedalphersit.Itisthesizeofasparrow,andisblack,butitsneckandlegsarered.Whenthisbirdrisesfromthestone,thestonelosesitsvirtue,andif,afterthis,someoneseesit,hewillnotbeharmedbyit.

The fava bush has thick stalks, andwhen they are broken, the beans becomehard.Ifyouputthisstalkonapersonpossessedbyademon,hewillbefreedfromthedemon;bytheodorofthestalk,thedemonwilldepartfromhim.

Ifyouburndeerhornbeforeserpents,theywilldieoftheodor.Antsarekilledbytheodorofcumin.Scorpionswill fleefromtheodorofcrocus,norare theyable to

remaininaplacewhereitis.Fleesavoidtheodorofchalk,andifyouputhotsaltinyourhouse, theywillfleefromit.Ifyousuffumigatewithpoley,insectswillfleeatonce.

Inpoolsofwaterthereissaidtobeanalgaethatcannotbeburnedwithfire.Thisherbissimilartoagreenplant,butisnotone.Itisnamedpondlentil.Stemsofjujubemakeneitherlightnorflamewhentheyareburned.

Thevulturecarriestheleavesofalexinztotheplacewhereitschicksare,sothattheymaybeprotectedfromharmfulanimals.

The stone atarac is among the things that are inseparable, and is a stone thatcannotbebrokeninanyway;bothlargeandsmallstonesofthiskindexist.Ifyouputlittlepiecesofacertainstonecalledalgemest[446] inabottleofwine,noonewhodrinksfromthatbottlewillbecomedrunkatall,norwillthewineharmhim.Ifyouputsmallpiecesofanotherstonecalledatambariintoavessel,however,andanykindofdrinkisputinthatvessel,whoeverdrinksofitwillbecomedrunk,willlosetheirsensesandintellect,andbecomeworriedandsad.

The lodestoneattracts iron. Ifyouanoint itwithanonion, it loses itsvirtue; ifyouthenputitinsheep'sblood,itregainsitsvirtue.

IntheriverofCerichissaidtobeacertainkindofserpent.Ifanymanseesoneofthem,themanwilldie;whileiftheserpentseesitself,itwilldie.

Ifyouputapiguponadonkeyandthedonkeyurinateswhilethisisthecase,thepigwilldieatonce.

Whenhailappears,ifawomanwhoismenstruatingcastsherselfupsidedownonthe ground, uncovering herself completely and raising her thighs toward the cloud,hailwillnotfallaroundheronthefieldortheharvest.

Ifadogclimbsonamountainorahighplace,andbeneath itacertainanimalcalledaddabumgoespast,andtheshadowsofthetwoanimalstoucheachother,thedogwillfalldownandthatanimalwillkillit.

Ifsomeonewithaquartanfeversitsdownonawolfskin,hewillbehealedofthefever.

Ifyouputfifteenfiguresaboveawomaninlabor,shewillgivebirtheasilyandwithoutdanger.Putnutmegseedsabovesomeonewithaquartanfever,andhewillbehealedofthefever.

If you put elephant feces on a tree, the treewill bear no fruitwhile the fecesremainthere.Ifyouputthesamefecesonawoman,shecannotbecomepregnant.

Thereisastonethatdrawsurinefrompeoplewithdropsy,butwhenitdoesso,itlosesitsvirtueandisdestroyedthereby.

Withthestonecalledligia,quicksilveriscongealedandmadeintoasinglebody.Ifyouputaspider'swebonsomeonewhohasaquartanfever,hewillbehealed

in a short time. If you combine itwith theweb of a cantharides beetle, hewill behealedswiftlyfromeverything.

Aspsandviperswhohearthecryoftheostrichwillfleefromthatplace.Whenyoumix(...)[447]withsilverextractedfromcopperandpurifiedofit,and

with it strike a placewhere birds gather, the birdswill not be able to depart fromthere,andthuswillbecaptured.

Ifyoutouchanymeatwiththeheadofthesea-rabbit,itwillbeturnedintotinypiecesorintopaste.Ifyouputgoldintomousefeces, itwillbeburnedasthoughitwerelead;andwhenithasthusbeenburntandreducedtopowder,ifyouputitincatfeces, itwill be restored and flowback together.When gold is combinedwith anycorporeal power, it is destroyed. If it is combined withmarcasite and sulfur to bemeltedbyitself,goldwillbepurifiedandrefined.

Thestonemalachitesoftensgold.Ifyouputittogetherwithgoldandmeltthem,itscombustionwilltakeitawayfromthegold;whereasifyouputboraxwiththem,theeffectwillbebetter.Ifyouquenchgoldinthejuiceoftheleavesofquipos,itwillbemadeaptforsophisticationbymanyrepetitions,losingitsoriginalinfirmity;[448]thus the salt of it becomes red. If you put silver above the smoke of sulfur, itwillbecomeblack,andwhenyouput it insalt, theblacknessgoesawayanditbecomeswhite.

Anoxatir has the property of drawing out of every body all the moisture thatexists inside and outside it. Niter cleanses all bodies of moisture, and clears theirsurfaces.Ifyoumixgoldwiththestoneazure,itwillincreasethebeautyandclarityofthegold.Ifyouputitoverfire,theazurestonewillturntoflameandwilldepart,andwillproduceinfirmitiesoftheeyes.Whenmarcasiteisburnedinsulfur,itentersintotheGreatWork;andfromitismadethematerialofthework.Magnesiahasinitsbody an admixture of lead, and without it, glassworking cannot be accomplished.Tutiagivesaredcolortogold,andtakesawaymoisturefromtheeyesandfreesthemfromallmoistailments.Bestofalliswhitetutia.Ifyourubyourteethandgumswithpowderedcrystal,theteethwillbemadefirmandthegumsfreedofcorrosion.

Ashesofburntseacrabstakeawayillnessesoftheeyes,andfortifythesight.Ifadogeatsacamel'sspleen,itwilldieatonce.Ifyouputthedriedfecesofadogfedonbonesonanapostumeofthethroat,theapostumewilldissolveandbehealedatonce.Ifyouputtheshellofafemaleturtleoverapot,itwillneverboil.

The gebore tree is of two kinds, namely, male and female. If you give anywomanfiveouncesofthefemaletreeinadrink,shewillhaveagreatappetitetoliewithaman;andthesamewillbedonetoamanifyougivehimthesameamountofthemaletreeinfoodordrink.Hewillbegreatlyirritated,norwillhebeabletoberidoftheirritationunlessyougivehimtwoouncesofvegetableashinadrink.Ifanyonetakestheflowersofthistreeinadrink,hewillcontinuallybreakwind,norwillthisceaseaslongasitremainsinhisstomach.Ifyougiveanyonetheflowerofthefemaletreeinadrink,hewillsleepthreedayswithoutwaking;ifyouwishtoawakenhim,give him hotwaterwith olive oil to drink. If you grind the leaves of this tree and

distemperthemwithsulfurwater,itwillhealwoundsinasingledayifyouputitonthem.

Ifaserpentorscorpionistiedwiththebarkofthistree,itwilldieatonce.Saltheals the stingsof scorpions,wasps, and serpents.Purslaneeatenoneday

afteranotherconstrictstheblood,andwhenchewed,raworcooked,ithealsbitesatonce.

Ifaramseesalion,itwilldieatonceofnaturalcauses.Atarantulawilldieifitseesascorpion,andaserpentwilldieifitseesanowl.If anyone takes a ring of azure or of the stone cornelian on which these 26

figures are carved, andwears it on his fingerwhen he goes before a king or someotheraristocrat,hewillbereceivednoblyandwell,andwhateverheasksfromhimorthemwillbefulfilledwitheffect.Beverysure,however,thatyoudonotgetanyofthesefigureswronginanyway;becauseifthereshouldbeanymistakeamongthem,theringwillnotworkeffectively.Thisisoneofthewondersofthisart.Thefiguresarethese:

ThesefiguresarefoundinthebookofQueenFolopedre.Ifyouputthisringonatarantulabite,andthenbatheitwiththepatient'ssaliva,

hewillbecuredatonce.Ifyourubatarantulabitewiththeleavesoftheherbcalledyembut,oneafteranother,itwillbehealedinaninstant.Catranmixedwithsalthealswoundsmade by a serpent. If aman anoints his peniswith catran and lieswith awoman, she will not become pregnant. Eating hazelnuts heals tarantula bites; thusanyone who carries hazelnuts with him will not be killed by a tarantula bite. Ifsomeonewhoisbittenbyamaddogputschewedbitteralmondsonthewound,andeatsthem,hewillbehealedofthewound.Ifyouputtheherbcalledsouthernwoodonaviperbite,itwillbehealedinstantly;ifthejuiceofthisherbissprinkledthroughthehouse,fleaswillgomad,andiftheyfallintothatjuice,theywilldie.

Ifyouburntarantulas,andmixtheashesintobreadandgiveittosomeonewhosuffersfromthestone, thestonewillbreak,andthatpersonwillbehealed.Flouroftheseedsoftheherbnamedvetchwillhealbitesfromamaddogifitisputonthem.

ChapterNineImageswhosevirtuesperformmarvels,thatwerefoundinabookthat

wasdiscoveredinthechurchofCoredibandthebookofQueenFolopedre;andadescriptionofalltherulesnecessaryinworkingwith

magicalimages

We find in the book thatwas discovered in the chamber ofQueen Folopedre,

composite images that accomplishwonderful effects andmarvelousworks by theirpropertiesandvirtues.Weproposeinthisbookofourstomakementionofthese,sothatthissciencemaynotbedeficientinanything.

Forhealing thebitesof reptiles.Take thebileofakitedried in theshade,andmix itwithanequalpartof fennel juice,andstore it inaglassbottle.Thispowdermaybeapplied to theeyes, and itwill cureandheal thebitesof tarantulas,vipers,wasps,asps,andotherreptiles.Ifthebiteshouldbeontherightside,letthispowderbeput on the left, and if thebite is on the left, let thepowder beput on the right.Whenyouwishtodothis,addanequalamountofwater;anddoaswehavesaidthreetimesinsuccession.

Thataspsleavetheirholes.Takeshardsofglassandfilingsofyellowbrass.Melttheminacrucible,andaddredazernec[449]andredmagnesia;thentakethisfromthefire and break it into little pieces. Then take the head of a kite and its bones(specifically, the kite that is found in the land of Egypt), and mix it with blackgalbanum.Meltitagainonthefire,andletitbemixedwiththeothermedicine;whenthis is done, take it off the fire.Makeoutof it a sistrum,which inour language iscalledarattle,andletagrainbeputintoitofthediamongsthatarefoundinthelandofEgypt.Whenyouhavedonethis,strikewithitonthemouthsoftheholesofvipers,serpents,andotherreptiles.Whenserpentshearthebeatingofasistrumcompoundedintheaforesaidway,theywillleavetheirholesatoncewithoutendangeringtheonewho plays the sistrum. The property of the aforesaid bird (that is, the kite alreadymentioned)isthat,whenitcriesandaspshearit,theyaredrivenfromtheirholesandarekilledbyitsvoice.

For gathering mice in one place. Take the juice of the leaves of white grapevines,squill juice,borax,henbane,andredIndiantutia.Powdertheboraxandtutia,andmixthemwiththeaforesaidjuices;andmakepillsthesizeofachickpea,andletthemdry in the shade.Whenyouwishmice togather together,putoneof the saidpillsonburningcoals.Whenmicesmellthesmoke,theywillallgatheratthatplace,andyoumaydowiththemasyouwill.

Thatfisheswillgathertogetherattheplaceyouchoose.Takemillet,whichyoushouldallowtorot.Whenitisrotten,combineitwithfat,powderedfavabeans,andbull'sblood,andmixitwellenoughthatitallbecomesasinglemass.Thenputitinareed,andfititwithahempenthread.Thencastthereedintoaplacewheretherearefishes;allthefishesinthatplacewillgatheraroundthereed,andyouwillbeabletotakethemwithanetifyouwish.

Forcatchingbirdssleepingintrees.Takefatoflandturtles,liriumseeds,sweetmyrrh,andcondisuminequalparts.Powderthemallandmixwelltogether.Makeamassofitwithdonkey'surine,andmakeofitpillsthesizeofachickpea,whichyoushould allow to dry in the shade.When theworking is performed, take an earthenvessel full of burning coals, and place in it one of the said pills, and with this

suffumigateaplacewheretherearebirds;andcoveryournostrilswithsilksothatyoudonotsmellthesmoke.Allthebirdswhosmellthesaidsmokewillfalltothegroundasthoughdead,andyoumaycatchthematwill.Ifyouwishtohealthem,washtheirfeetinhotwater,andtheywillbehealed.

Forthesame.Takemandrakeandammoniac,andmixitwiththejuiceofgreenhemlock.Makepillsfromit,andallowthemtodry.Suffumigatewiththemunderatreewheretherearebirds;butdothiswhentheweatheriscalmandwithoutwind.Allthebirdswhosmellthatsmokewillfalltothegroundasthoughdead.

For sharpening vision.Make a crown out of the roots of a certain tree calledcatlam,which I believe is the same as gobore, andput it onyour head.While youcarryitonyourhead,yoursightwillbesoinvigoratedthatyoucanseethesmallestthingsfaraway.Whenyoutakeitoffyourhead,yoursightwillreturntoitsoriginalstate.Ifyouanointmorphewswiththejuiceoftheleavesofthattreemixedwithwinevinegar,theywillinstantlybecured.

Thatsomeonewillnotbecomedrunk.Makeavesselofbrassassubtlyasyouareable.Thentakeequalpartsofwinealcoholdistilledinanalembic,cabbagejuice,andjuiceofcypress,andmixthemall together.Whenthisisdone,quenchthevessel intheforegoingmixtureuntilithasabsorbedapoundofit;thentakethesamevesseloutofthemixture.Whenyouwishtodrink,anointthevesselwithoilofbitteralmonds,anddrinkfromitasmuchasyouwish,andyouwillneverbecomedrunk.

That flieswill not approacha table.Take freshcondisum,yellowauripigment,anddriedearthofCofan,grindallofthemwellandpulverizethemcompletely,andthenmixthemwillsquilljuice.Anointthetablewithit,andalsoanointyourhands.From the aforesaidmixture,make an image in the form of a fly, and put it on thetable,andaslongasitstandsonthetablenoflywillremainthere.

For expelling asps and reptiles. Take a leopard skin, which is tanned andsoftenedlikeleather,andfromitmakeablanket.Novenomousbeastwillbeabletoremaininthatplace.

For banishing asps. Take round aristolochia, and mix it with the flesh of aracanus,whichisalargegreenlizard.Grindthistogetherverywell,andaddtoitthegallofalion.Makepillsofthis;whenyouwishtoworkwiththem,distemperoneofthepillswithwaterofanoxatir,andwith itwriteonpaperorparchment thatwhichyou wish to write; and tie this up in a cloth. All asps will flee from anyone whocarriesthisclothwithhim,andifanyasptouchesthesaidcloth,itwilldieatonce.

Thatvaporswillriseuplikefire.Taketherootoftheherbthatiscalledcotrop;thisherbshinesatnightasthoughitwereacandle.Grindtherootwellwiththebrainofadeerandthegallofacow,andmakepillsofit.Ifyouputoneoftheminafireofdung,marveloussmokewillrise,bywhichthewholeskywillappeartobered,andvaporswill rise thatwill appear similar to flames of fire.Allwho see thiswill befrightened.Yououghtnottodothis,however,exceptwhentheweatheriscloudyand

still.Ifthislightisinfrontofyou,youwillseenothing,butifitisbehindyou,you

willseeeverythingthatisinthehouse.Takedolphinfat,andawickrubbedalloverwithpowderedazernecandaziniar.Puttheftintoacruciblemadeofbrass,andinthecrucibleputtheaforesaidwick.Lightit;itmakesalightsuchthat,ifanyoneholdsitinhishand,hewillseenothing,butifanyonehasitbehindhimhewillseeeverythingthatisinthehouse.

Thatawomanwillnotbecomepregnant.Maketheimageofanapeinbrass,andperforateitthroughthespine;intotheopening,putscammony.Whenyouwanttoliewith awoman, tie the said image to your thighs, and thewomanwill not becomepregnant.

Thatdogswillnotbarkatyou.Takemandrakeroot,andwhenitiswellground,mixitwithabitch'smilk.Maketheimageofadogfromit,anddogswillnotbarkatyou,butwillallfleefromyou.

Thatironwillbeturnedintowater.Takeequalpartsoftheherbcalledcamesir,squill, and green pomegranate husks. Let all be well ground, mixed together, anddistemperedwithwinevinegar;anddistillitwithanalembic.Repeatedlyquenchironinthatvinegar,anditwillbeturnedtowater.Letitstaythusforanhourandahalf;and then take away the vinegar. You will find the iron shining and running andgatheredtogetherinone.

Thatclothwillburnwithoutfire.Takegoldenmarcasite,whichyoushouldgrindveryfinely;andmixitwiththestrongestwinevinegar.Distillitwithanalembicintoaglassvessel,andthenburyitinmanureandleaveitthereforthespaceof14days.Thentakeitout,andagainputitinbranforthesamenumberofdays.Thentakeitoutandwithitanointanyclothyouwish,andthatclothwillbeburnedbyitasthoughbyfire.

Awater that burns, and appears entirely red. Take lime ofCyprus,which youhaveroastedwellinahotoven,andleaveitthereforonenight.Inthemorning,takeitout,andyouwill find that ithasbecomecompletelyred.If it isnot, let it remainthere foranothernightuntil itbecomesred;andwhen it is red, take itout.Grind itwell,andpourdistilledwinevinegarontoit,thequantitythereofbeingfivetimesthequantityofthelime.Thenputitinaglassvesselandleaveitforthreedays,andmixitthreetimeseachday.Thensetittoboil,orbetterstilltofoam;fromitwillissuearedwaterthecolorofjargoons.[450]Putthewaterinacrucible,inwhichyoushouldputalightedwick.Thiswaterwillburn;andbyitslightthewholehousewillappeartobered incolor (that is, thecolorof jargoons), and thewholehousewill sparkle likeajargoon.

Formakinggreentarantulasthatkillbybiting.Whenyouwanttodothis,fastforawholedayuntilnightfall.Atnight,taketheherbcalledwildbasil,whichyoushouldchewwell;andputwhatyouhavechewedintoaglass jar, themouthofwhichyou

shouldsealwell.Put it inadarkhousewhereneither thesunnoranyother light isvisible,andletitstaythereforfortydays.Thentakeitfromthere,andinityouwillfindgreentarantulaswhich,iftheybiteanyman,theywillkillhim.Thesetarantulashaveaproperty:ifyouputtheminoliveoilinthesun,andletthemstaytherefor21daysorsomesimilar time, theywilldieandbedissolved into theoil. Ifyouanointtarantulabiteswiththatoil,theywillbehealed;andifadropofitfallsonatarantula,itwilldieinaninstant.

For making red serpents. Take the webs of large spiders, and put them indonkey's milk in a glass jar. Leave them there for three days, and they will beconsumedandvanishfromthemilk.Letturtlefatbeaddedtoit,andletitbemixedwell, until it takes on the consistency of brains.Let all this be put into a red linencloth, and buried inmanure for seven days; at the end ofwhich youwill find redserpents.Ifyouputtheminaplacewheretherearefrogs,theserpentswillbemadeintheformofdragons,forfrogsinthelandofEgyptareinimical todragons;becausewhentheyseedragonstheybite them,andproceedtowoundthedragonsuntil theydie.

Formaking insects flee.Takeonehair from themaneof avirginmare,whichyoushouldtakethefirsttimeastallionmountsher.Thenmakeknotsintheformofinsectsinthathair,aasmanyofthemasyoucan,untilitlookslikeabunchofgrapes.Thentakethesaidhair,andputitinavesselofyellowbrass,themouthofwhichyoushould sealup tightly, andbury this in themiddleof thehouse. Insectswill notbeabletoenterthathousewhiletheaforesaidvesselremainsthere.

Tomakealightfromwhateverwoodyouwish.Takefatfromaseadog,andmixitwithoiloflaurel,soap,andalittlesulfur,untilthesearewellmixedtogether.Ifyousmearthisonanywoodyouwish,alightwillbeignitedintheformofacandle,norwillitbeextinguisheduntilthewoodisconsumed.TheforegoingworkingisfromtheworksofAntiochus.

For causingwolves and all noxious animals to flee. Thiswork is donewith adrumspeciallymadeforit,whichiscomposedthus.Takeaseahedgehog;cutoffitshead,andextractitsspines.Skinit,andprepareandanointtheskinasyouwouldanyotherskin.Thentaketheskin,andstretchitwelloveraframedrumorakettledrumofbrass,andsaveitforuse.Whenyoudesiretheaforementionedbeaststoflee,beatthesaid frame drum or kettledrum at night, because all evil beasts will flee from itssound,andallreptilesthathearitwilldie.

Thatfrogswilldepartfromalake.Takethefatofatimzachandmixitwithwax.Fromitmakeacandlewithawick.Burnthecandleinanyplaceyouwish;andthecroakingoffrogswillbewhollyextinguishes.

Tocatchtarantulas.Takeagnumcastumandwhitecardellum,andbreakthemuptogether.Addtothemredgalbanumandbezoarstonefinelypowdered,andblendallthesewiththejuiceofsarza.Outofthismassmaketheimageofatarantula,andout

ofwhatisleftoveroftheconfection,makepills,whichshouldbedriedintheshade.Then put the aforesaid image before you, and cast the pills into fire as asuffumigation;allthetarantulasinthatplacewillgathertogetherbeforetheimage.Ibelieve,however, that thevirtueof thesuffumigationhasgreater influence than theimageintheforegoing.

We have taken all the aforesaid images and confections from the book TheChaldeanAgriculture, and have decided to copy down thismuch of it so that thisbook of oursmay bemore complete. Youwho intend to read this book, however,shouldkeepitassecretasyoucan,anddonotrevealittoanyoneunlessheisworthy,apt,anddisposedtothisart.Suchpeoplearefewinnumber;norwillyoubeabletodiscoverthesesecretsunlessyouyourselfareoneofthem.

Always remember the aphorisms and teachings thatZucrat the sage taught hisstudentsattheendofhislife.First:letyournaturesbesodisposedandorderedthatyou perfectly understand this art, and those things pertaining to it, in and ofthemselves;youwillthusgainthegreatestassistanceinyourwork.Second:letyoursecretsandpurificationsbedisplayedonlyinyourheartswhenthetimesarenotsafe,rememberingthatjustasthetimeswillchangefortheworse,theywillalsochangeforthebetter.Third: that itwillneveroccur toyou,whenyouhavegainedwealth andpower,todespiseandtakeforgrantedwhatyouhavedone.Fourth:toasklittlefromyour friends and creategoodwill little by little, as a childgrows, nor todisplay tothemyourloveoryourbenefitssuddenly,orinanywayotherthanlittlebylittle;forifsomeonedesiressomethingfromyouandreceivesitallatonce,hisfriendshipwillnotendure,buthewillbemore likely tobecomeanenemy.Fifth,asfarasyouareable, to avoid deceitful and shameful dealings, for by them nobility is list andgoodness corrupted. Sixth: rejoice in your friends, and do not ask from themeverything you have a right to demand; keep this rule and your friendships willendure.Seventh:donotcontinuallycriticizeyourfriendsforthethingsthattheydo;foryouwillbedisposedtodosuchthings,andsimilarthings,yourself.Eighth:donotrespondinsultinglytoanyonewhoseekssomethingfromyou;forsuchrequestsareadistinctsignofblessingsuponthegoodthingsyouhavereceivedfromGodbymeansofHisgrace.Petitionsfromthepoor,especially,youshouldfulfilleffectuallytotheextent that you can, if they aremade in a becomingmanner; and in doing so, youought togive thanks toGodunceasinglyfor thestationandpower towhichHehasguidedyou,sothatyouareabletobenefit thosewhoseekyou;forwhenthis is thecase,itrevealsarightandlaudableintentionandprosperityinGod.Ninth:knowwhatthingsaregoodandnaturalforthepowers,becausebythisyourownvirtueswillbeknowntothem,andtheywilldelightinyou;fortheywilldelightinyoutothesamedegreethatyoudelightinthem.ThesepreceptsZucratthesagetaughttohispupilsattheendofhislife;theyarethefoundationsoftheusefulnessofmagic.

I will also explain the seven teachings that Pythagoras approved. First: you

should balance all things by proportion, and keep them in their proper disposition.Second:governyourfriendshipsandloves,andactonthemasfarasishealthy.Third:do not light a fire in a green place, as a swordwill cut it off. Fourth: govern yourdesiresandappetitesandmeasuretheirimportancecorrectlybytheireffect;thusyourbody will be maintained in perfect health. Fifth: make yourself accustomed to thestraightandequal;thustheloveandfriendshipofthepeopletowardyouwillincrease.Sixth:observethetimesandemploythemaslordsandjudgesdo,observingwhatisrequiredintheworldforthepreservationoflife.Seven:donotharmorcontaminateyour spirits or your bodies; rather, observe a proper temperance, so that you willalwaysbeabletoworkwiththemaccordingtothenecessitiesofthetimes.

Here,however,arethe28MansionsoftheMoonaccordingtoPliny.ThefirstmansionisfordestructionanddepopulationandthisMansioniscalled

Alnath.WhiletheMoonispassingthroughthisMansion,maketheimageofablackmanwithhishairwrappedandencircled,standingonhisfeet,havinginhisrighthandaspearinthemannerofawarrior.Makethisimageinaironring;andsuffumigateitwithliquidstorax.Makeasealwiththeringinblackwaxandsay:"You,Geriz,killNsonofN,orNwifeofN,quicklyandspeedilyanddestroy them."Heed thisand itwillbeasyouwish.KnowthatGerizisthenameofthelordofthismansion.

The second Mansion is Albotayn and is for the removal of anger. When theMoon is passing through thisMansion, take white wax andmastic andmelt themtogetheroverafire.Thenremovethisfromthefireandmaketheformofacrownedking.Suffumigateitwithlignumaloes,andsay:"You,Enedil,driveawaythisangerfromme, and letme be reconciledwith him, and letmypetition be satisfactory tohim."Keepthisimagewithyou,anditshallbedone.KnowthatEnedilisthenameofthelordofthisMansion..

ThethirdMansionisAzoraye(thatis,thePleiades)andisfortheacquisitionofallgoodthings.Makethefigureofaseatedwomanwithherrighthandoverherhead,andwrap it in cloth, suffumigate itwithmusk, camphor,mastic and aromatic oils.Say:"You,Annuncia,makeitso."Maketheimageinasilverringwithasquaretable,andput it uponyour finger and itwill be as youwish.Know thatAnnuncia is thenameofthelordofthismansion.

ThefourthMansionisAldebaranandisforobtainingenmity.TakeredwaxandwhentheMoonispassingthroughthisMansion,maketheimageofaknightridingonahorse,holdingaserpentinhisrighthand,andsuffumigatetheimagewithredmyrrhandstorax.Andsay, "You,Assarez,make it soand fulfillmy request,"andask forthingspertainingtohatred,separationandillwill.Itwillbecompletelydoneasyouhaverequested.KnowthatAssarezisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

The fifthMansion is Almizen and is for receiving good from kings and highofficials. When the Moon is passing through this Mansion, fashion a figure fromsilverandinitsculptaheadwithoutabody,andabovetheheadwritethenameofthe

lordofthisMansionandyourpetitionandsuffumigateitwithsandalwood,andsay:"You, Cabil, do such and such for me and let my petition be granted and let mereceivegoodthingsandthebestfromthekingandhiscouncilors."Whenyouhavedonethiscarrythesealinabox,andyourrequestwillbefulfilled.Whenyouwishtoseesomethingwhenyousleep,placethetalismanunderyourheadatnightwhenyousleep,thinkingalwaysinyourmindaboutwhatyouwish,andyouwillgetananswerforwhatyouseek.KnowthatAssarezisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

The sixth Mansion is Achaya and it is for putting love between two people.WhentheMoonispassingthroughthisMansion,maketwoimagesfromwhitewax,makethemembraceeachother,andwraptheminwhitesilk.Suffumigatethemwithamberandlignumaloes,andsay:"You,Nedeyrahe,bringtogethersoandsoandsoandso,andplacebetween themfriendshipand love."Itwillbeasyouwish.KnowthatNedeyraheisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

The seventh Mansion is Aldira and is for the acquisition of all good things.WhentheMoonispassingthroughthisMansion,fashionasealofsilver,andsculptthe image of aman clothed in robes andwith his hands extended to heaven in themannerofamanwhoisprayingandsupplicating;inthebreastoftheimagewritethenameofthelordofthisMansion.Suffumigateitwithsweetsmellingthings,andsay:"You,Siely,causesuchandsuchtohappen,andgrantmypetition."Askforwhateveryouwishthatpertainstogoodthings.Carrytheimagewithyouanditwillbeasyouwish.KnowthatSeleheisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

TheeighthMansion isAnnathraand is forgainingvictory.When theMoon ispassingthroughthisMansion,fashionfromtintheimageofaneaglewiththefaceofaman,andonitsbreastinscribethenameofthelordofthisMansion.Suffumigateitwith sulfur, andsay: "You,Annediex,dosuchandsuch forandgrantmypetition."Whenthisimagehasbeencompletedinthisfashion,takeitwithyouintobattleandyoushallbevictoriousandshallprevail.KnowthatAnnediexisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

TheninthMansion isAtarfa and is for causing infirmity.When theMoonhaspassedintothisMansion,makealeadimageofaeunuchholdinghishandsoverhiseyes,andonhisneckinscribethenameoftheLordoftheMansion.Suffumigatetheimagewithpineresinandsay:"You,Raubel,makeNsonofNdieofsicknessorNsonofN'sblood to flow."Askforwhichoneof these two thatyouwish, itwillbecompleted ifyou follow the rightpathaswehaveexplainedabove.Andknow thatRaubelisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

The tenthMansion is Algebha and is for the cure of infirmities and to makechildbirth easy.When theMoon is in thismansion, fashion from gold or brass theheadofalion,andaboveitwritethenameofthelordofthisMansion.Suffumigatetheimagewithamber,andsay:"You,Aredafir,liftupsadness,slownessandinfirmityfrommyheartandbodyandwhomeverconsumesordrinksliquidinwhichthisseal

has beenwashed."Andonwhatever day youhave suffumigated it, then it shall becarriedto thesickor the infirmandwashitwithanothersubstancetobeconsumedagainstillnessorforwomenwhohavehadadifficultbirth.KnowthatAredafiristhenameofthelordofthisMansion.

The eleventhMansion isAzobra, and it is that youwill be feared and receivegoodthings.WhentheMoonisinthisMansion,makeinatableofgoldtheimageofamanridingalion,holdingalanceinhisrighthandandholdingtheearofthelionwith his left hand, and in front of this figure write the name of the lord of thisMansion.Say:"You,Necol,bringglorytomethatIshallbefearedbymen,andsothattheirfearshallcausethemtotremblewhentheybeholdme;andquiettheheartofthekingandof lordsandofmenofhighestate that theymaygrantmehonorsanddignities."Carrythistabletwithyou,anditshallbeasyouhaverequested.KnowthatNecolisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

ThetwelfthMansionisAzarfa,anditisfortheseparationoftwolovers.WhentheMoonispassingthroughthisMansion,fashioninblackleadtheimageofadragonfighting with aman, and in front of this figure write the name of the lord of thisMansion.Suffumigate the imagewith thehair of a lionmixedwith asafoetida, andsay:"You,Abdizu,breakapartandseparatesuchaonefromsuchaone."Burythisimageintheplacethatyouwish,anditshallbeasyoudesire.AndknowthatAbdizuisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

ThethirteenthMansionisAlahue,anditisfortheliberationofmenwhoarenotable to come to women and for putting love betweenmen and women.When theMoon ispassing through thisMansion, fashion fromredwax the imageofanerectman(thatis,withanerectpenis);andletitbeinallwaystheimageofamandesiringtocouplewithawoman.Fromwhitewax fashion the imageofawoman.Bind thetwoimagestogetherfacetoface,andsuffumigatethemwithamberandlignumaloes,andwraptheminapieceofwhitesilkwhichhasbeenwashedinrosewater;andoneither image write the name of the one you desire. If a woman shall carry theseimageswithher,shewillbemoststronglydesiredbythemanwhosenameisupontheimage–whichistosay,whenheseesher.Ifanotheristiedorbound,whoisnotable to perform with women, if he shall carry the images with him it shall bedissolvedandhewillbeabletoperformwithwomen.KnowthatthenameofthelordofthisMansionisAzerut.

The fourteenthMansion is Azimech, and it is for the separating ofmen fromwomen.WhentheMoonispassingthroughthisMansion,fashionfromredwaxtheimageofadogwithhisowntailheldinhismouth.Suffumigateitwiththehairofadogandthehairofacat,andsay:"You,Erdegel,breakapartanddividesuchaonefrom such awoman through enmity and illwill."Andnamewhatever persons youwish,andburytheimageintheplacewheretheyare.AndknowthatthenameofthelordofthisMansionisErdegel.

ThefifteenthMansionisAlgafra,andit isfor theacquisitionoffriendshipandgoodwill.WhentheMoonispassingthroughthisMansion,makeininkthefigureofa seated man, holding scrolls in his hand as if reading them. Suffumigate it withfrankincense and nutmeg and say: "You, Achalich, do such and such for me, andaccomplishmy petition."Youmay ask him for the joining together of friends andlovers,andany thingwhichpertains to them,and this imageshould thenbecarriedwithyou.AndknowthatAchalichisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

ThesixteenthMansionisAzebene,anditisforthemakingofmoney(whichisto say, in selling and buying). When the Moon is passing through this Mansion,fashioninaplateofsilverthefigureofamanseatedinathroneandcarryingascaleinhishands.Suffumigatetheimagewithfineodors,andsetitoutunderthestarsforsevennights,sayingeachnight:"You,Azeruch,makesuchandsuchhappenforme,and accomplishmy request."Askof it pertaining to selling andbuying.Know thatAzeruchisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

TheseventeenthMansionisAlichil,andit issothatthievesmaynotenterintothe house and other criminals likewise.When theMoon has entered thisMansion,fashionthefigureofamonkeyinanironseal,holdinghishandsabovehisshoulders.Suffumigateitwiththehairofamonkeyandthehairofafemalemouse,andwrapitinamonkeyskin.Itshouldthenbeburiedinyourhouse,whilesaying:"You,Adrieb,guardallmythingsandeverythingthatexistswithinthishouse,norletitbeenteredby thieves."When the foregoing has been done, thieveswill flee fromyour house.KnowthatAdriebisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

TheeighteenthMansionisAlcab,anditisfortakingawayfeversandinfirmitiesofthebelly.WhentheMoonispassingthroughthisMansion,fashionfromwaxtheimageofanadderholdingits tailaboveitshead.Suffumigate"itwiththehornofastagandsay:You,Egribel,guardthishouseofminethatnoserpentmayenternoranyotherhurtfulbeast."Placetheimageinavesselwhichshouldbeburiedbeneathyourhouse;whentheaforesaidhasbeendone,thennoserpentwillbeabletoenternoranyotherhurtfulcreature. If the image is to relievea feveror illnessof thebelly,carrythisimagewithyouanditwillcureyou.KnowthatEgrebelisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

The nineteenth Mansion is Axaula, and it is for bringing on the menses inwomen. When the Moon has passed around to this Mansion, fashion from hemc(whichisakindofbronze)aseal,andengraveinittheimageofawomanholdingherhandsbeforeherface.Suffumigateitwithliquidstoraxandsay:"You,Annucel,causethebloodtoflowfromsuchandsuchawoman"–nameherhere.Anditshallbeasyouask.Ifawomankeepsthisimagetiedaboutherwaist,shewillgivebirthquicklyandwithoutdanger.KnowthatAnnucelisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

ThetwentiethMansionisAlnaym,anditisforhuntingonland.WhentheMoonispassingthroughthisMansion,fashioninaplateoftinafigurehavingtheheadand

armsofaman,thebodyofahorsewithfourfeetandhavingatail,holdingabowinitshands.[451]Suffumigate

itwiththehairofawolf,andsay:"You,Queyhuc,causemetotakeallIhuntintheworld,andletthemcometomeswiftly."Carrytheimagewithyouandyoushalleasilytakeanythingintheworldthatyouhunt.KnowthatQueyhucisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

Thetwenty-firstMansionisAlbelda,anditisfordestruction.WhentheMoonispassingthroughthisMansion,fashiontheimageofamanhavingtwofaces,withonefacingforwardandonefacingbehind.Suffumigateitwithsulfurandcarob,andsay:"You,Bectue,depopulatesuchandsuchaplaceanddestroyit."Thenplacetheimageinasmallbagandplacesulfurandcarabewithitalongwithsomehair,andburyitintheplacethatyouwish,anditshallbeasyouhaverequested.KnowthatBectueisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

Thetwenty-secondMansionisSadahaca.Itisforbindingtonguessothattheydonotsayanythingbadaboutyou.WhentheMoonisinthismansionmakeanironringand engrave in it the figure of a man with winged feet wearing a helmet andsuffumigate itwithmercury.[452]And inscribe this image in iron for the safety offugitives.Andsay:"You,Geliel,bindthesetonguessotheycannotsaybadthingsandmakemesecureandletN.escapesafelyfromhisenemies."Carrythisringwithyouandmakeasealinblackwaxwiththeringtobindtongues.KnowthatthenameofthelordofthisMansionisGeliel.

Thetwenty-thirdMansionisZaadebola,anditisfordestructionanddevastation.WhentheMoonispassingthroughthisMansion,fashionasealofironinwhichyoushouldsculpttheimageofacathavingadog'shead.Suffumigateitwiththehairofadog, and say: "You,Zequebin,driveout everyone fromsuchand suchaplace, anddestroyanddevastateit."WhenthisMansionhascometotheAscendant,setthissealoutunderthestars,andthefollowingnightburytheaforesaidsealintheplacewhichyouwishtodestroy.Itshallbeasyoudesire.KnowthatthenameofthelordofthisMansionisZequebin.

The twenty-fourth Mansion is Caadezod, and it is for the increase of herds.WhentheMoonhaspassedintothisMansion,takethehornofacastratedramwhichiswellcleanedandmadeappropriate,andinitfashionthefigureofawomanwithherson in her arms, in the likeness of one who is nursing. Suffumigate it with thescrapings which have been taken from the aforesaid horn, and say: "You, Abrine,improveandguardthisherd."Afterthis,hangtheimageabouttheneckofoneoftheramsofthisherd;ifyouwishtoworkwithherdsofcows,fashionthisimageinthehornofabull,andhangitaroundtheneckofabull,andtheherdwillbeaugmentedashasbeensaidanddeathshallnotovertakeit.KnowthatAbrineisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

Thetwenty-fifthMansionisZaadalahbia,anditisfortheprotectionoforchards

andcropsfromevilaccidents.WhentheMoonisinthatMansion,fashionasealinfigwood,andsculptinitthefigureofamaninthelikenessofonewhoisplantingtrees.Suffumigateitwiththeflowersofthesetrees,andsay:"You,Aziel,guardmycropsandmyorchards that anydestructionor ill fortunemaynotbefall them."Place theaforesaidimageinoneofthetreesintheplacewhichyouwishtoguard.Whiletheimagewhichwasmade continues there, destruction shall not befall the crops.AndknowthatAzielisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

Thetwenty-sixthMansionisAlfargtheFormer,anditisforthecreationoflove.When the Moon is passing through it, take white wax and mastic and melt themtogether;fromthesefashiontheimageofawomanwithherhairunboundandbeforeher a vessel placed as if to receive her hair. Suffumigate it withe sweet-smellingodors,andsay:"You,Tagriel,bringmetotheloveandfriendshipofsuchandsuchawoman." Place the image in a small bag, and placewith it also some of themostsweet-smellingofsubstances;carryitwithyou,anditshallbecompletedasyouhaverequested.KnowthatTagrielisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

Thetwenty-seventhMansionisAlfargtheLatter,anditisforthedestructionofsprings and wells.When theMoon is passing through it, take red earth, and in itfashiontheimageofawingedman,holdingaperforateddishinhishands,andraisingit tohismouth.Afterwardput it into the fireuntil it ishard.After thisplace in thevesselasafoetidaandliquidstorax,andsay:"You,Abliemel,destroysuchandsuchaspringofsuchandsuchaman,"andnamehimhereasyouwish.Throwthe imageintohisspring,anditshallbedestroyedandthespringshallnomorecomeforth.AndknowthatAbliemelisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

Thetwenty-eighthMansionisArrexe,anditisforbringingfishtogetherinoneplace.WhentheMoonhascometothisMansion,fashionofhenc(whichisakindofbronze)aseal,inwhichyoushouldfashiontheimageofafishhavingacoloredspineonwhichyoushouldwritethenameofthelordofthisMansion.Suffumigateitwiththeskinofaseafish;afterthis,tieastringarounditandthrowitinthewaterintheplacewhereyouwishthefishtocometogether.Allofthefishintheareanearbywillimmediatelygathertogetheraboutit,andallowyoutoharvestthem.AndknowthatAnuxiisthenameofthelordofthisMansion.

Youshouldknowthatonalltheaforesaidimagesyououghttowritethenameofthelordofthemansion,andyourpetitionwithit.Inallthosethataremadeforgood,andtocausegathering,uniting,andgeneratingfriendshipandlove,yououghttowriteon the chest of the figure; and in all workings that are done to cause disunion,separation, and to generate enmity and ill will, you ought to write behind theshoulders(thatis,alongthespineoftheimage);whileinallworkingsthataredonetoacquireglory,honor,andadvancement,yououghttowriteontheheadofthatimage.Thusitisfinished.

TheprayerofSaturn.Quermiex,Tos,Herus,Quemis,Dius,Tamines,Tahytos,

Macader,Quehinen:Saturn!Comeswiftlywithyourspirits.The prayer of Jupiter. Bethniehus, Darmexim, Maciem, Maxar, Derix, Tahix,

Tayros,Deheydex,Mebguedex:Jupiter!Comeswiftlywithyourspirits.The prayer of Mars. Guebdemis, Hegneydiz, Gueydenuz, Magras, Herdehus,

Hewbdegabdis,Mehyras,Dehydemes:RedMars,Baharam!Comeswiftlywithyourspirits.

The prayer of the Sun. Beydelux, Demeymes, Adulex, Metnegayn, Atmefex,Naquiris,Gadix:Sun!Comeswiftlywithyourspirits.

The prayer of Venus. Deydex, Gueylus, Meylus, Demerix, Albimex, Centus,Angaras,Dehetarix:Venus,Neyrgat!Comeswiftlywithyourspirits.

The prayer of Mercury. Barhuyex, Emirex, Hamerix, Sehix, Deryx, Meyer,Deherix,Baix,Faurix:write,Mercury!Comeswiftlywithyourspirits.

The prayer of the Moon. Guernus, Hedus, Maranus, Miltas, Taymex, Ranix,Mehyelus,Degayus:Moon!Comeswiftlywithyourspirits.

Leyequin,Leyelgane,Leyequir,Leyequerich,Leyeric,Leyerus,Leyexeris.Writethesenamesonaglove,whichyouthenburn;andwhileitburns,readtheaforesaidnamesaloud.Bythisloveandfriendshipwillbemoved.

ThiscompletesthebookofPicatrixthesageonastrology.

Glossary

adunate:atechnicalterminmedievalphilosophy,meaning"entirelyunified."amicableaspect:inastrology,atrineorsextileaspectadverseaspect:inastrology,asquareoroppositeaspectalmutaz: the planet ruling an astrological chart, calculated by one of several

traditionalmethods;alsocalledalmuten.ammoniac: Dorema ammoniacum, aMiddle Eastern herb; not to be confused

withthemineralsalammoniacangles:inastrology,thefirst,fourth,seventh,andtenthhousesofthehoroscope,

alsocalledcardinesorcardinalhousesanimaMundi: the soul or consciousness of the universe, identified in Picatrix

withtheninthsphereorprimummobileArabicparts:pointsonthehoroscopeoftencalculatedfromtherelativepositions

oftwoplanetsandoneofthehousecuspsAristotle: Greek philosopher, 384-322 BCE. During theMiddle Ages, he was

creditedwithmanymagicalhandbooks,noneofwhichheactuallywrote;nearlyallreferencestohiminPicatrixaretothispseudonymousliterature.

aspect:inastrology,angularrelationshipsbetweenplanetsthatbringtheireffectsinto interaction; traditionally trine (120 degrees) and sextile (60 degrees) are theamicable (favorable) aspects, andopposition (180degrees) and square (90degrees)aretheadverse(unfavorable)aspects

augury:theartofdivinationfromnaturalomenssuchastheflightofbirdsazernec:eithercupricoxide,CuO,orcuprousoxide,Cu20;thelatteriscalledred

azernecbdellium:resinfromtheguggultree,Commiphorawightii,acloserelativeofthe

myrrhtree,usedforincensebenefic:inastrology,positiveorfavorablebezoar:astonelikemasssometimesfoundin thestomachsofgoats,sheep,and

othergrazinganimals,muchusedinmedievalmedicineasacureforpoisonblack bile: also known as melancholy, one of the four humors of medieval

medicine,associatedwiththeelementofearthblood:oneofthefourhumorsofmedievalmedicine,associatedwiththeelement

ofaircadent:inastrology,threehousesorsignsaway,generallyfromtheAscendantor

otherangles.cadent houses: in astrology, the third, sixth, ninth, and twelfth houses of the

horoscopecalcination: another of the twelve standard alchemical processes, the act of

subjectingasolidtoheatuntilitisreducedtowhiteashcalcitarat:accordingtoPicatrix,theHindutermforasuffumigation.cardinalhouses:seeanglescardines:seeanglesceruse:leadcarbonate,PbCO3cinnabar:mercuricsulfide(HgS),apoisonousoreofmercury.choler:seeyellowbilecoadunation: inmedievalphysics, the fusionof the fourelements inamaterial

substance,oranyotherunificationofseparatethingsasonecoction: transformingasubstancebykeepingitatasteadyheatforaperiodof

timecollyrium:anointmentputontheeyelids.colocynth: a species of bitter melon found in the Middle East and used in

medievalmedicine,alsoknownaswildcitrull.combust:inastrology,within8degrees30'oftheSuncommandingsigns:inastrology,thesignsoftheZodiacfromAriestoVirgocommonsigns:inastrology,Gemini,Virgo,Sagittarius,andPiscescomplexion: inmedievalmedical theory, thebalanceofhumors inabody; see

humorsconfection:amixtureofmagicallypowerfulsubstancesconjunction: inastrology, themeetingof twoplanets in thesamedegreeof the

Zodiac;intraditionalastrologythistechnicallynotanaspectbutitisgenerallytreatedsimilarly.

corruption:inmedievalscience,theprocessbywhichthingsgooutofexistence;normallypairedwithgenerationcubit:aunitofmeasureequal tothedistancealongtheforearmandhandfrom

theelbowtothetipofthelongestfingerdebility:inastrology,aplanetissaidtohavedebilityorbedebilitatedwhenitis

inthesignofitsdetrimentorfall,orinhostileaspecttooneoftheinfortunes,orinoneofthefourcadenthousesorotherwiseafflicted.

decan:seefacedexter aspect: in astrology, an aspect inwhich the swifter planetmoves away

fromtheslowerone.dignity:inastrology,aplanetissaidtohavedignityorbedignifiedwhenitisin

a sign, term, or face that it rules, or the sign of its exaltation or triplicity, or inamicable aspect to one of the fortunes, or in one of the four cardinal houses orotherwisemadefortunate.

direct: in astrology, a planet is direct when it moves along the ecliptic in itsnormaldirection;theoppositeofretrograde

directascension,signsof:inastrology,thesignsfromCapricornthroughGemini

election: in astrology, the art of selecting in advance a time when a desiredastrologicalinfluenceisatitspeak

electuary:amedicineblendedwithsugarorhoneyelementary:pertainingtothefourelements,ortothepartoftheuniversebelow

thecircleoftheMoon,wherethefourelementsexist;seeelementselements:inmedievalphysics,earth,air,water,andfire,whicharecombinations

ofthequalitiesactinginmatterratherthanmaterialsubstancesintheirownrightelixir:inalchemy,thephilosopher'sstone,asubstanceabletotransmuteordinary

metalsintosilverorgoldface:inastrology,adivisionof10degreesor1/3ofazodiacalsign,alsocalleda

decan;eachfaceisruledbyaplanetusingavarietyofsystems.firstmatter:inmedievalscience,theprimamateriaorquintessence,theperfectly

transparentandluminoussubstanceoutofwhichtheheavensaremadefixedsigns:inastrology,Taurus,Leo,Scorpio,andAquariusform: in medieval science, the basic characteristics of a material substance,

ratherthantheoutwardshapetakenbythatsubstancefortunes,the:inastrology,theplanetsJupiterandVenusgalbanum:theresinofanAsianplant,Ferulagalbaniflua,whichwasusedasan

incensegeneration: in medieval science, the process by which things come into

existence;normallypairedwithcorruptiongenus:ageneralcategorytowhichoneormorespeciesbelongs;seespeciesgeomancy: an art of divination, very popular in the Middle Ages, that used

sixteenfiguresofsingleanddoublepointsgeneratedbyrandommethodstocreatetheequivalentofanastrologicalchartandanswerquestions

gumammoniac:thegumofDoremaammoniacum,aMiddleEasternherb;nottobeconfusedwithsalammoniac

hayz:inastrology,aconditioninwhichamasculine,diurnalplanetisabovetheearthinthedaytimeinamasculinesign,orafeminine,nocturnalplanetisbelowtheearthatnightinafemininesign;aplanetinitshayzisstrengthened

Hermes: the legendary sage and magician of late classical, medieval, andRenaissance legend, also know as Hermes Trismegistus, the Thrice Great Hermes,derived from the Egyptian god Djehuti (Thoth). A vast number of magical,astrological,anddivinatorytextswerecreditedtohim.

horaryastrology:theartofastrologicaldivination,whichinterpretsachartcastforthemomentaquestionisaskedinordertoanswerthequestion

humors:inmedievalmedicine,foursubtlefluids,identifiedwithblood,phlegm,yellow bile, and black bile, thatmaintain healthwhen in balance and cause illnesswhenoutofbalance

imbibition: the alchemical process of pouring a liquid onto a solid so that the

solidabsorbstheliquidimpedited:inastrologicalterminology,aplanetthatisimpeditedissubjecttoa

negativeinfluencefromotherplanets,orisindebilityduetoitsplaceinthesignsandhousesoftheastrologicalchart,alsoknownasafflicted.

infortunes,the:inastrology,theplanetsSaturnandMarsingress:themomentwhenaplanetentersagivensignoftheZodiac,orreaches

someotherspecificpointintheZodiac,suchasitspositionataprevioustimeintellect:thecapacitytoknowmentalrealitiesdirectly,withouttheintervention

ofthesenses.irascible appetite: inmedieval psychology, the appetite or irrational drive that

producesanger;itcorrespondstofireandthecholerichumor;seehumorslitharge:leadmonoxide,PbOlongascension,signsof:seeobliqueascension,signsoflord of the ascendant: the planet ruling the sign of the Zodiac rising at a

particularmomentlordofthehouse:theplanetrulingthesignoftheZodiaconthecuspofagiven

astrologicalhouseataparticularmomentlordofthequestion:theplanetrulingthesignoftheZodiaconthecuspofthe

housegoverningthepurposeofanelectionalchartormagicalworkingataparticularmoment,thequesitedhouse.

luting:fineclayusedbyalchemiststosealstoppersandlidsontotheirflasks;itwasbakedhardbytheheatofthefurnace,makingagoodseal

malefic:inastrology,negativeorunfavorablemarcasite:crystallizedironpyrite,FeS2.melancholy:seeblackbilemoveablesigns:inastrology,Aries,Cancer,Libra,andCapricornnature:seequintessenceobeyingsigns:inastrology,thesignsoftheZodiacfromLibrathroughPiscesoblique ascension, signs of: in astrology, the signs from Cancer through

Sagittariusoccidental:risingbeforetheSunoranotherspecifiedplanetolibanum: the resin of the Boswellia serrata tree, a close relative of the

frankincensetree.oriental:risingaftertheSunoranotherspecifiedplanetorpiment: arsenic trisulphide (ArS3), an extremely toxic pigment used in

medievalart.oxymel:amixtureofvinegarandhoney,muchusedinmedievalmedicinepalm:ameasureoflength,equaltothewidthofahumanpalmPartofFortune:oneoftheArabicparts,pointsonthehoroscopecalculatedfrom

thepositionsofplanetsandotherpoints; thepointof fortune iscalculated from the

Sun,Moon,andtheascendant,andshowsthelocationofgoodfortuneinthechartphlegm: one of the four humors of medieval medicine, associated with the

elementofwaterplanets: in medieval astrology, the seven visible bodies that move regularly

againstthebackgroundofthefixedstars,theSun,theMoon,Mercury,Venus,Mars,Jupiter,andSaturn;theSunandMoonareoccasionallydistinguishedfromtheplanets

prelates:clergyofhighrank,suchasChristianbishopsorMuslimimams.prime form: the first Platonic form or idea, the form of the Good, True, and

Beautiful,whichinmedievalPlatonismwasidentifiedwithGodprime matter: the prima materia or original substance from which all other

substancesderive,identifiedinPicatrixasthesubstanceorbodyofGodPrimumMobile:inmedievalcosmology,theninthsphereofthecosmos,which

circles around the earth once in 24 hours and imparts movement to all the otherspheres

putrefaction: theactof leavingasubstancetorotorferment,oneof thetwelveclassicalchemicalprocesses

quadrivium:thefourPythagoreansciencesthatformedthehighschoolsubjectsof medieval and Renaissance educational theory: arithmetic, geometry, music, andastronomy

qualities:inmedievalphysics,heat,cold,drynessandmoisture,whichcombinetocreatethefourelements

quintessence: in ancient and medieval cosmology, the fifth element, thesubstancefromwhichthespheresoftheheavensaremade;alsocalled"highmatter"and"nature"inPicatrix

racanus:avarietyof largegreenlizard,alsoknownasa lagarius,usedinsomePicatrixconfections;wehavenotbeenabletoidentifythespecies

reception:inastrology,arelationshipbetweentwoplanets,inwhicheachplanetisinasign,term,orfaceinwhichtheotherisdignified

redazernec:seeazernecretrograde: in astrology, the apparent movement of a planet in the opposite

directionfromitsnormalcourse;theoppositeofdirectrevolutionofanativity:achartcastannuallyforthetimewhenthesunreached

thesamepositionasatbirth,usedtopredictthefollowingyearinthenative'slifesalalkali:impurepotassiumcarbonate,K2CO3salammoniac:inpureammoniumchloride,NH4Clsarcocolla: a resin from African shrubs of the genus Penaea, popular in the

MiddleAgesasincenseshortascension,signsof:seedirectascension,signsofsimple:inmedievalmedicine,amedicinemadefromasingleherbsinister aspect: in astrology, an aspect made when the swifter planet moves

towardthesloweronespecies:anarrowlydefinedcategoryofthings,belongingtooneormoregenera;

seegenusspirit: inmedievalphysics,vitalforce, intermediatebetweenconsciousnessand

mattersucceedenthouses:inastrology,thesecond,fifth,eighth,andeleventhhousesof

thehoroscopesuffumigation:exposinganobjecttothesmokeofincense,tochargeitwiththe

magicalvirtuesoftheincenseterm: in astrology, one of a set of sixty unevendivisions of the heavens; each

termisruledbyaplanetthurible:anincenseburnervia combusta: in astrology, a section of the Zodiac in the signs Libra and

Scorpio,whichhasamaleficeffectonplanetsplacedinit;Picatrixidentifiesitasthesectionbetween8degreesLibraand3degreesScorpio,whileothersourcesplaceitbetween15degreesLibraand15degreesScorpio

virtue:inmedievalthought,distinctiveexcellenceandpower,ratherthanstrictlymoralvirtue

vitriolofiron:ironsulphate(FeSO4),alsoknownasshoemaker'sblack.yellowbile:alsoknownascholer,oneofthefourhumorsofmedievalmedicine,

associatedwiththeelementoffire

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Footnotes

[180]Thisvirtue,andtheothersnamedinthischapter,aredrawnfrommedievalmedicine.

[181]"Laws"intheoriginal,butreligiousteachingsareclearlymeant.[182]Ceruse,traditionallyknownas"spiritsofSaturn."[183]Abittermelonusedinmedievalmedicine.[184]Tutia:animpurezincoxide,abyproductoftraditionalmethodsofmaking

brass.[185]Thisisintheoriginal,eventhoughanearlierparagraphassignsGreekto

JupiterandalaterparagraphgivestheTurkishlanguagetoMercury.[186] This includes the vagina as well as the penis; medieval medical theory

classifiedvaginalsecretionsasthefemaleequivalentofsemen.[187]Thenotoryartwasabranchofmedievalmagicdesignedtoassistlearning.

Each branch of knowledge had certain notae or diagrams, and the magicianconcentratedon thenota for theartor sciencehewished to learnwhile repeatingaspecificprayer.

[188]Lac,theproductofthelactree,isaresinwithared-browncolor.[189] Bdellium: resin fromCommiphora wightii, a relative of themyrrh tree,

usedforincense.[190]Manyof the following recipes forcolorsuseextremely toxic ingredients

thatcanbelethaleveninverysmalldoses.Donotattempttouseanyoftheserecipes!Thesamecolorscanbeobtainedwithsafesyntheticpigmentstoday.

[191]Orpiment:arsenictrisulphide(ArS3),anextremelytoxicpigmentusedinmedievalart.

[192]Vitriolofiron:ironsulphate(FeSO4),alsoknownasshoemaker'sblack.[193]Cinnabar:mercuricsulfide(HgS),apoisonousoreofmercury.[194]Magicisscienciisetnigromanciaintheoriginal.[195]"Separated,"thatis,fromphysicalbodiesandtheworldofmatter.[196] The contradiction between this and the previous paragraph is in the

original.[197]Angerinmedievalpsychologyisoneoftheappetites,theirrationaldrives

that the wise control, and that control the unwise. It corresponds to fire and thecholerichumor.

[198]Thiswasstandardmedievalastrologicalpractice.SincethepositionoftheSuninthezodiaccanbeeasilytrackedintables,thepositionoftheSunintheskyatanymomentallowedthemedievalastrologertocalculatetheascendantandthehousecusps.

[199] Gum ammoniac: this is the gum of Dorema ammoniacum, a Middle

Easternherb.[200]Chastetree:Vitexagnus-castus,atreewhoseleaveswereusedinmedieval

medicine.[201]Apopularmedievalimage;collectionsofexcerptsfrombookswerecalled

florilegia,literally"gatheringofflowers."[202] Inmedievalmedical theory,"complexion"was the technical termfor the

balanceofhumorsinthebody.[203]Thisisstandardmedievalmedicaladvice.[204]Whatfollowsmakesitclearthatthiscrosshasequalarms,andismeantto

standuprightontwolegslikealetterX.[205]Thatis,choosethetimeanddatewhenyousetupthefigurebymeansof

electionalastrologysothatitfurthersyourintention.[206]ThisremarkablepassageseemstoechoGnosticteachingsaboutthecross

or stauros, the instrument bywhich Jesus triumphed over the archons of the sevenplanets.

[207]Thurible:anincenseburner.[208]Thatis,theincenserisesstraightthroughthecelestialspherestothesphere

oftheZodiac,followingthedescendingraysoftheplanetrulingtheoperation.[209]ThisistheKitabal-IstamatisorLiberAntimaquis,oneofmanymedieval

magical texts assigned to Aristotle, which is quoted repeatedly in the followingchapters.

[210]ThisentirepassageisreminiscentofthePoemandres,thefirstdialogueoftheCorpusHermeticum,inwhichHermeshasaconversationwithasimilarspiritualbeing.Theritualthatfollowsisofgreatinterest;itseemstobridgethegapbetweenclassicalritualsforevokingaguardianspirit,ofthesortfoundintheGraeco-Egyptianmagical papyri, and earlymodern rituals for the same purpose such as the famousAbramelinworking.

[211]This seems tobesuggesting that theLatinwordymago, "image,"comesfrominago,"Iactinit",astandardkindofmedievalanalysis.

[212]ManycitiesinthemedievalMiddleEastweregovernedbycitysenates,asinRomantimes.

[213]Melancholiacorrespondstothemodernconceptofdepression.[214]While Saturn rules sorrow,melancholy and the like, Jupiter counteracts

them, and the powers of Jupiter may therefore be used to balance an excess ofSaturnineinfluence.

[215]Bloodlettingformedicalreasons.[216]Thisrepetitionisintheoriginal,asarethoseintheliststhatfollow.[217]AstandardwaytobreakintoahouseinthemedievalMiddleEastwasto

applyhammerandchiseltomasonrywallsatnight.[218]According tomedievalastrology,eachof theworld's religionscame into

being due to a particular conjunction of the planets, and so each faith has a rulingplanet,thelordofitsconjunction.

[219]IsbilintheArabictext.[220]KewanintheArabictext.[221] "Roman" in Picatrixmeans theGreek dialect of the Byzantine (Eastern

Roman) Empire, while "Greek" is the dialect of the Christian communities in theMuslimworld.ThenamesforSaturninbothdialectsaredescendedfromtheclassicGreekKronos, and are given asKronos in theArabic text. These names generallysufferedmuchgarblingintheirpassagethroughArabicandLatin.

[222]SanasaraintheArabictext.[223]Most of the rituals in this chapter include animal sacrifices,whichwere

standardpracticeinclassicalPaganreligion.[224]Thisistraditionallytin.[225]Rufija'ilintheArabictext.[226]MustariintheArabictext.[227]Birgis in theArabic text.ARoman name,Hurmuz, is also given in the

Arabictext.[228]ZeusintheArabictext.[229]WihasfatiintheArabictext.[230]Thatis,thatthesensesmaybesopurifiedsothattheyreflecttheuniverse

truly.[231]MustariintheArabictext.[232]BirgisintheArabictext.[233]HurmuzintheArabictext.[234]ZeusintheArabictext.[235] These names are respectively Darjas, Hatis,Magis, Daris, Tahis, Farus,

Dahidas,Afridus,andDamahusintheArabictext.[236] Or a copper ring; the Latin word aes can mean either one. All other

referencestobronzeinthissectionmaybeunderstoodsimilarly.[237]MirrihintheArabictext.[238]BahramintheArabictext.[239]TheRomanandGreeknamesarebothAresintheArabictext.[240]AngaraintheArabictext.[241]Rubija'ilintheArabictext.[242]ThisisagainRubija'ilintheArabictext.[243] These names are respectively Dagidijus, Hagamadis, Gidijus, Ma'ras,

Ardagus,Hidagidis,Mahidas,andDahidamasintheArabictext.[244]ThisisBenetnaschorAlkaid,etaUrsaeMajoris.[245]ShamsintheArabictext.[246]ThisnameisgivenasMihr,andidentifiedasPersianratherthanChaldean,

intheArabictext.[247]HeliosintheArabictext.[248]ArasintheArabictext.[249] Islam was traditionally ruled by Venus, as suggested by the green flag

bearingtheeveningstaralongsidetheMoon,whichisitstraditionalbanner.[250]Therepetitionisintheoriginal.[251]ZuharaintheArabictext.[252]AnahidintheArabictext.[253]AphroditeintheArabictext.[254]TijanijaintheArabictext.[255]SurfaintheArabictext.[256]Bita'ilintheArabictext.[257]Hereandelsewhereinthisritual,"their"maybereplacedby"his"or"her"

dependingonthegenderofthepersoninquestion.[258]Bita'ilintheArabictext.[259]That is,mercury thathasbeensolidified.Methodsof fixingMercuryare

importantteachingsinWesternandHindualchemicaltradition.[260]UtaridintheArabictext.[261]HarusintheArabictext.TheArabictextalsogivesHermesastheGreek

name.[262]TirintheArabictext.[263]BudhaintheArabictext.[264]HarqilintheArabictext.[265]Silija'ilintheArabictext.[266]QamarintheArabictext.[267]MehintheArabictext.[268]Sam'a'ilintheArabictext.[269]SumaintheArabictext.[270]SeleneintheArabictext.[271]Theepicycleisthesmallercirclethat,inmedievalastronomy,eachplanet

except the Sun and Moon traced through the heavens in addition to its orbit. Inmodern terms, the ruling planet of the chart must be significantly further than itsaveragedistancefromtheEarth,butnotyetatitsmaximumdistance.

[272] The Arabic version of the Picatrix makes it clear that the rituals andinvocationsinthischapterarethoseoftheHarranianSabians.

[273] This is a remarkably good description of the ancient ritual of animalsacrifice,completewithhepatoscopy(divinationbytheliverofasacrificedanimal),oneofthestandardancientformsofdivination.The"lordofthatplace"ispresumablytheplanetarygodrulingthetemplewherethesacrificetakesplace.

[274]Tamariskseeds thrownontohotcoalsburstandflysomedistance. If the

boyturnedhisbackontheburningseedsinanattempttoflee,theburnmarksontheclothingonhisbackwouldidentifyhimasacoward;ifhefacedthembravely,hewasfitfortherestofthisritualofMars.

[275]Thisfascinating"experiment"isaritualofinitiationintoamysterycultofMars for boys on the brink ofmanhood. There are few if any accounts of ancientmysteryinitiationsthatgivesomuchdetail.

[276]Presumablybytheotherworshippers.[277]CyprusintheArabictext.[278]Imagesofthegods;the"house"isclearlyatemple.[279]BartimtheBrahmanintheArabictext.[280]TheArabictextsaysthattheBrahmancasteisnamedafterthissage.[281]AlsoknownasTheNabateanAgriculture,aprimarysourceforPicatrix.[282] "Adunate" literallymeans "as one", ad unum, and is a technical term in

medieval philosophy; the point being made is that Saturn's effects, altitudes, andmagnificencesareallonewithhisessentialnature.

[283]Theshiftfromthird-persondescriptiontosecond-personaddressisintheoriginal.

[284]Clearly the highest name of Saturnwas originallywritten here, butwasomitted.

[285]ThisisagainIbnWahshiyyah.[286]Given that thematerial in thischapterand the latterpartof theprevious

oneispurePaganplanet-worship,theauthor'spalpablepanichereisunderstandable[287]BarimasintheArabicversion[288]These spirits ofSaturn in theArabic text areTus,Harus,Qajus,Darjus,

Tamas, andDarus respectively.TheArabicnameof the spirit ofSaturn'smotion isTahitus.

[289]TheArabicnamesofthespiritsassignedtoJupiterareDamahas,Darmas,Matis,Magis,Daris,Tamis,Farus,andDahidasrespectively.

[290]TheArabic names of the spirits ofMars areDagdijus,Hagidis,Gidijus,Magras,Ardagus,Handagijus,Mahandas,andDahidamasrespectively.

[291] The Arabic names of the spirits of the Sun are Bandalus, Dahimas,Abadulas,Dahifas,Ati'afas,Maganamus,Gadis,andTahimarisrespectively.

[292]TheArabicnamesofthespiritsofVenusareDidas,Gilus,Hilus,Dahifas,Ablimas,Basalmus,Arhus,andDahtarisrespectively.

[293]TheArabicnamesof the spiritsofMercuryareBarhujas,Amiras,Hitis,Sahis,Daris,Hilis,Dahdis,andMahudisrespectively.

[294]TheArabicnamesofthespiritsoftheMoonareGarnus,Hadis,Maranus,Maltas,Timas,Rabis,Minalus,andDagajusrespectively.

[295] The climes were basic concepts in medieval geography, regions of theeartharrangedinbandsfromnorthtosouth.

[296] That is, the passage at the beginning of Book III chapter 7 that warnsagainstpolytheism.

[297]TheArabic text specifies that theMoon shouldbe inher 20thMansion,whichisbetween4degrees17'and17degrees8'ofSagittarius.

[298] These are Barimas, Tus, Harus, Qajus, Gardijus, Tamus,Warijus, Tahit,Wasirah,andWamanduintheArabictext.

[299]Thursday.[300]Thisistraditionallytin.[301]TheseareDahamus,Armas,Hilis,Magas,Adris,Tamis,Farus,Dahidas,

Afrawas,andKi'aqirasintheArabicversion.[302]This isnotnecessarily anhourby the clock; themedieval senseof time

waslessexactthanours."Alongwhile"mightbeabettertranslation.[303]Tuesday.[304]ThisisSa'adalBulah,12degrees51'to25degrees42'Capricorn.[305]SarcocollaisaresinfromAfricanshrubsofthegenusPenaea,popularin

theMiddleAgesasincense.[306] These are Dagidus, Hagidus, Gidijus, Magdus, Ardagus, Hidagidis,

Mahandas,andDahidamasintheArabictext.[307]ThesearethedegreesoftheSun'sexaltationinAries.[308] These are Bandalus, Dahimas, Abadulas, Dahifas, Ati'afas, Maganus,

Gadis,andTahimarisintheArabictext.[309] These are Didas, Gilus, Hamilus, Damaris, Timas, Samlus, Arhus, and

HatarisintheArabictext.[310] These are Barhujas, Amiras, Hatis, Sahis, Darajas, Hatis, Dahris, and

MagudisintheArabictext.[311]Planetarydaysnormallybeginatdawn,butArabsandJewsbothbeginthe

dayatsunset;herethestandardpracticehasbeenchangedtofittheSemiticcustom.[312] These are Gadnus, Hadis, Maranus, Maltas, Timas, Rabis, Minalus,

Dagajus,andGarnusintheArabictext.[313] Ritual taboos of this kind were not uncommon in ancient Greek rituals

connectedwith theMystery cults, one ofmany elements of this chapter that showclearsignsofdescentfromHellenisticPaganreligion.

[314]Thatis,aringwithabezelshapedlikethetopofacastletower.[315]Inthedaysbeforerubberstoppers,alchemistssealedthelidsontheirflasks

withfineclay,orluting,thatwasbakedsolidbytheheatoftheirfurnacesandmadeaneffectivesealant.

[316]The first part of the confection,made fromminerals, is the body of thestone;thesecond,madelargelyfrombiologicalmaterials,isthespiritofthestone.

[317]Thispassageconcealsabreathtakingruthlessness,asoilofbitteralmondscontainscyanide;fourouncesdailyforninedayswouldbemorethanenoughtokill

the patient. Presumably the point of the passage is to allow the book's owner toemployworkmenforthesealchemicalworkingswithoutanyriskthattheywouldbeabletoduplicatetheformulaelater.

[318]Thatis,theworldofmatter,composedofthefourelements.[319] In the Arabic text, these are Dahjajas, Gananmawadas, Naqagajas,

Dirulajas.[320]IntheArabictext,theseareHaduras,Timarus,Hanitus,Wamiras.[321]IntheArabictext,theseareArgunas,Hadamijus,Finuras,Armitas.[322]Galbanum:theresinofanAsianplant,Ferulagalbaniflua,whichwasused

asanincense[323]IntheArabictext,theseareBahimaras,Umaralis,Qadamidus,Finuras.[324]IntheArabictext,thefirstthreenamesareHaturas,Maljuras,Ulijas;the

lastisuncertain.[325] Rennet: the powdered stomach of an animal, used to curdle milk for

cheese.[326] In the Arabic text, these are O Dilus, Ahidas, Batrudalis, Bandulis,

Wajagilas.[327] In the Arabic text, the last three of these names are Hajadis, Qidamus,

Andalis;thefirstispartlyillegible.[328]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareAdirus,Batirus,Barjudis,Fardarus.[329]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareMadis,Uduruas,Manurajas,Handarus.[330]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareHamuris,Tidurahas,Inamas,Harmas.[331]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareAnamuras,Habwalus,Fanis,Badrulas.[332]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareTirulis,Barjanus,Ubuhis,Wandulas.[333]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareHanudis,Mahrijas,Tiduras,Umirus.[334]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareAjuras,Jatandas,Ahjulas,Harjulas.[335] Spiritual spirits: spirituum spiritualium in the text. The phrase is just as

strangeinLatinasitisinEnglish.[336] In the Arabic text, these names are Albawaris, Hajaqus, Wabudis,

Tawadus.[337] The repetitions in the preceding paragraph are in the original, andmay

involveascribalerror.[338]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareJatirus,Fiharis,Fitulis,Andarawas.[339]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareQitarus,Adilas,Manhuris,Manquras.[340]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareNurus,Andulis,Armulas,Fimaris.[341]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareArulas,Manturas,Fimalus,Barhujas.[342]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareIdidas,Biduris,Afius,Darjanus.[343]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareAqarjus,Gidajus,Jahilas,Jahidus.[344]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareAkrarus,Manduras,Filahus,Warmalis[345]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareNaduras,Inamus,Kafinas,Madalus

[346]Sweetmyrrh:aMediterraneanherb,Opopanaxchironium.[347]Theseanimals correspond to the sevenplanets indescendingorder from

SaturntotheMoon.[348]Readerswhoconsidertheselonglistsofconfectionspointlessshouldread

Book III, chapter 4 again, and then study thisquote attributed toAristotlewith thegreatestcare.

[349]Theseventhconfectionisomittedinallmanuscripts.[350] This is apparently the same as the Book of Methedeyhoz mentioned

elsewhereinthischapter.[351]Witchcraft: theLatinwordin thetext ismaleficia, thestandardmedieval

termforthemagicalcursesbelievedtobeemployedbywitches.[352]Putrefaction,theactofallowingsomethingtoputrefyorferment,isoneof

the twelve classic alchemical processes. This chapter includes several alchemicalrecipes dealingwith the opus animaliumorworkwith animal substances, themostsecretiveofthebranchesofalchemy.

[353]Imbibition:thealchemicalprocessofpouringaliquidontoasolidsothatthesolidabsorbstheliquid.Waterofbloodismadebydistillinghumanblood.

[354]TheSunandMoonhere,asinalchemicalliteraturegenerally,aregoldandsilver.

[355] Oil of feces: the oily part of human feces, extracted by one of severalalchemicalmethods.

[356] The "deadly illness of the thighs" is probably bubonic plague, whichproduceslargeblackboilsinthegroin.Calcinationisanotherofthetwelvestandardalchemicalprocesses,andconsistsofsubjectingasolid toheatuntil it isreducedtowhiteash.

[357]Calx:thewhiteashresultingfromcalcination.[358]Combustion: inmodernmedical terms, inflammation,which inmedieval

medicaltheorycouldbecausedbyanexcessofcholer,thefieryhumor,orbyoneoftheotherthreehumorsthathasbecomeadust("burning").

[359]Quartanfever:arelapsingfeverofthekindthatrecurseverythreedays.[360]Thisisarecipeformanufacturingimitationgold.[361]Collyrium:anointmentputontheeyelids.[362]Earthofblood:thedriedbloodsolidsleftintheretortwhenalltheliquid

hasbeendistilled.[363]Garmentsofqualitywereacommontargetforthievesinmedievaltimes.[364]Thesesame"amicablenumbers"wereusedinamagicalimageinBookI,

chapter5,andthefollowinginstructiontowritethemin"thefiguresofal-Khwarismi"(ArabicratherthanRomannumerals)appearedthereaswell.

[365]Thatis,yougive220raisins,pomegranateseeds,orwhathaveyoutoyourtarget,andeat284ofthemyourself.

[366]ThisleapfromIndiaandEgyptisnotasstrangeasitseemsinthelightofmedievalgeography.Mostmedievalgeographers,ArabaswellasEuropean,believedthat theNile and theGangeswere the same river, both, after all,were infested bycrocodiles, and that the Indian Ocean was a landlocked sea with the Nile curvingarounditthroughtheunknownlandsofthesouth.

[367]Medievalembryologyheldthatfemaleshadanequivalentofsemen,whichmingledwiththemale'ssementoproduceoffspring.

[368]Thissentenceallbyitselfdoesmuchtoresovetheongoingdebateaboutthe descent of modern science from Renaissance magical traditions, which werepowerfullyinfluencedbyPicatrix.

[369]Primeform:thefirstPlatonicformoridea,theFormoftheGood,TrueandBeautiful,whichinmedievalPlatonismwasidentifiedwithGod.

[370]Spirit: inmedievalcosmology,vitalforce,whichis intermediatebetweenmindandmatter.

[371]Notethat"nature"hereisatermforthequintessence,thesubtlesubstanceof which all things above the circle of the Moon is made, according to medievalphysics.

[372]Afinepointofmedievalphysics.Whenacompositeobject iscorrupted,that is, goes out of existence because its component parts separate, it still exists inpotential;thereissimplynoplacewhereithappenstoexist.

[373]Thatis,byoneratherthanbyallfive.[374]Therestofthischapterisdevotedtoacarefulexaminationoftheconcept

ofsense,sensusinLatin,whichhasnogoodequivalentinmodernEnglish.Accordingto the competing definitions given in the following paragraphs, it represents (1)consciousness;(2) the inborncapacity tounderstandthebasicrulesof logic;(3) thesumofaccuratehumanknowledge;and(4)theperceptionofeternalideasasreflectedinthematerialworld.

[375] Note that the word "intellect" here has its old meaning, the directperceptionofnoncorporealtruths,anddoesnotmeanthediscursivereasoningmind.

[376] The distinctionmade here is, first, between consciousness (sense) in itsgeneralmeaning, apart from theuniverse, andconsciousness in interactionwith theuniverse; and second, both of these as they relate to individual beingswith bodies(such as humans), individual beingswho are free fromembodiment (such asGod),andindividualbeingswhoexistinanintermediatestate,suchasspiritsandangels.

[377]Thatis,thegenus(category)ofconsciousnessthatexistsintheuniverseasawhole,theAnimaMundiorsouloftheuniverse.

[378] "This genus" is the category of individual conscious beings, of whichhumanbeingswho are capable of the higher sciences are the lowestmanifestation.Theimplication,alreadyreferencedinthewordsofSeusdalisabove,isthatignoranthumanbeingsarenotactuallyconscious.

[379]TheAnimaMundiisthustheconsciousnessoftheninthsphereorPrimumMobile.

[380] That is, the more accurate the perception of natural bodies by theindividual,themorethatperceptioncorrespondstotheperceptionofnaturalbodiesbythespiritoftheuniverse.

[381] This is a basic rule ofmedieval logic: the definition of somethingmustincludethegenusorclasstowhichitbelongs,andthedifferencesordivisionsthatsetit apart from other things of the same genus.A human being, for example, can bedefinedasafeatherlessbiped;thatis,itbelongstothegenusofanimalswithonlytwofeet,anditsdifferenceordivisionfromotherbipedsisthatitlacksfeathers.

[382]Thatis,amongtheChaldeansandEgyptians.[383]Thatis,ofAries.[384] In the Arabic text, these words are "Rabqar rabqar iqam iqam taqfur

taqfur."[385]Acubit is a unit ofmeasurement equal to the lengthof the forearmand

handfromtheelbowtothetipofthelongestfinger.[386]IntheArabictextthesewordsare"Hirut,hirut,garut,garut,"[387]thatis,threetimesthewidthofyourownpalm;formostpeople,thiswill

be8to10inches.[388]Thesewordsare"Andab,Andab"intheArabictext,andaretobesaid50

timesratherthan15.[389] The sling was a common military weapon in ancient times, and

ammunitionforslingswasoftencastfromleadandothermetals.[390]Thefirstimageshouldbemadeintheformofthemagician.[391]Thesewordsare"sarafiha,sarafiha"intheArabictext.[392]IntheArabictext,thesewordsare"harqum,harqum."[393] In the Arabic text, these words are "hajawam, hajawam, balgar, balgar

naqarawnaqaraw.[394]Thatis,onthenightofthefullmoon.[395]IntheArabictext,thesewordsare"hantarasrakhantarasrak."[396]Impurepotassiumhydroxide,extractedbysoakingwoodashesinwater.[397]IntheArabictext,thisangelisnamedAsbil.[398]IntheArabictext,Rufija'il.[399]IntheArabictext,Rubija'il.[400]IntheArabictext,Ba'il.[401]IntheArabictext,Bita'i.[402]IntheArabictext,Harqil.[403]IntheArabictext,Salja'il.[404]Afascinatingtidbit.Capt,CaphtorinHebrew,KeftiuinancientEgyptian,

was the name of the island of Crete in the days of the Minoan civilization. The

Chaldeans,however,wereanAramaic-speakingpeopleofMesopotamiawhoseemtohavehadnoconnectiontoCrete.

[405]"TheMountainsoftheMoon"wastheancientandmedievalnamefortheRuwenzorirangeofEastAfrica,wheretheWhiteNilehasitsheadwaters.

[406]IntheArabictext,al-Asmunain.[407]ThemonthsoftheArabsbeginonthefirstnightinwhichthenewmoonis

visibleatMecca.[408]The Secret of Secrets, or Secretum Secretorum, was one of the more

famous medieval handbooks of astrological magic; it was usually attributed toAristotle,ratherthanHermes.

[409]Thereareonly44aphorisms;onereferringtothepropertiesoftheplanetMercurywasomittedbelowbyscribalerroratsomepoint.

[410]TheaphorismaboutMercuryshouldappearatthispoint.[411] Mercury, Venus, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn at times appear to move

backwardintheheavens;unlikethefixedstars,theSun,andtheMoon,whichalwaysproceedinthesamedirection.

[412]The Centiloquium or Liber Fructus are 100 aphorisms traditionallyattributedtoPtolemy,themostfamousoftheastrologersofantiquity.

[413]Thereareatotalof120possibleconjunctionsbetweentwoormoreoftheseven classical planets, and a branch of astrological theory once accounted foreverythinginexistencebymeansoftheseconjunctions.

[414] The text has astronomia here, but the modern distinction betweenastronomyandastrologydidnotyetexistinmedievaltimes.

[415]In eo quod queritur, periculum generatur. Clearly Johannicius had tocontendwiththesameattitudesinhisstudentsthatmorerecentteachersofmagicfaceintheirs.

[416]A greatmanymore than ten arts are listed here, and no straightforwarddivisionintotencategoriescanbefoundinthetext.

[417]Thelattertwobelongtotheartofhunting,whichmedievalauthorsoften,andquitereasonably,consideredakindofwarfare.

[418]Thatis,rhetoric.[419]Thatis,logic.ThereferencetoAristotleinthiscaseiscorrect;hisbooks

onlogicformedthestandardtextbooksonthesubjectforcenturies.[420]Mostof thesearebooksonnaturalsciencebyAristotle."Oydus"derives

fromGreekhodos,"way"or"path."[421] Plato wrote no book by this title; another medieval apocryphal work is

meant.[422] This is the famous electrum magicum, an alloy composed of silver,

mercury,copper,gold,iron,tin,andlead[423]IntheArabictext,thisangelisnamedAntur.

[424]IntheArabictext,thesenamesareJahartajun,Aqtaraja,A'udajamura.[425]IntheArabictext,thefirstoftheseangelsdoesnotappear,andthesecond

isnamedSaljubarun.[426]IntheArabictext,thisnameisSusab.[427]IntheArabictext,thisnameappearsasBarhawat.[428]Oroilofacorns;theLatinisambiguous.[429]Limeiscalciumcarbonate,CaCO3,andvitrioliscoppersulphate,CuSO4.[430]Therehasbeenascribalerrorhere,asseventimesninedoesnotequal49.

Inallprobability,theceremonyoriginallyinvolvedsevenolivepitsratherthannine.[431]Andanica:anoldGreektowninItaly,nowAndorossa.[432]ThecoverofthiseditionofPicatrixshowsavariantofthismirrordesign.[433]Oxymel:amixtureofhoneyandvinegarmuchusedinmedievalmedicine.[434]Litharge:leadmonoxide,PbO.[435]Ceruse:leadcarbonate,PbCO3.Boththisandlithargearehighlytoxic.[436] It seems almost superfluous to remind the reader that the rest of this

paragraphisnotgoodadvicetofollow![437]Thatis,darnel.[438]Thefruitofarelativeofthecucumber.[439]Salalkali:impurepotassiumcarbonate,K2CO3[440]Thatis,itspoisonousquality,dangeroustohumansaswellasotherplants,

willbedriedup.[441]ThisisthefamousUpastree.Accordingtosomemedievalwriters,itwas

sodeadlythatiftheshadowofaflyingbirdtouchedit,thebirdwoulddropdeadfromtheair.InmedievalEuropeanwritings,theUpastreewasbelievedtobesomewhereinthemysteriousEast;itisrathercharmingtofinditclaimedhereasatreeofthedistantandexoticlandofFrance.

[442]Highholydays:literallyinsuispascalibusdiebus,"ontheirEasterdays."[443]Impedited:inastrologicalterminology,aplanetthatisimpeditedissubject

toanegativeinfluencefromotherplanets,orisindebilityduetoitsplaceinthesignsandhousesoftheastrologicalchart.

[444]Nowadays,thismagicaleffectiscreditedtostaticelectricity.[445]Marcasite:crystallizedironpyrite,FeS2.Itisgoldenincolor.[446] Algemest: a scribal error for amethyst, which traditionally had this

property.Theword"amethyst"comesfromaGreekwordmeaning"notdrunk."[447]Thewordthatbelongshereisomittedinallthemanuscripts.[448]Averycomplexsentence.Toquenchametalistoputahotpieceofmetal

intoaliquid;tosophisticatesomething,inmedievalLatin(andEnglish),istoexercisetrickeryonit.Whatisbeingdiscussedhere,withoutsayingsoinsomanywords,isthemanufactureoffakegold.

[449]Redazernec:cuprousoxide,Cu2O.

[450] Jargoons: this word usually means "zircon," but these are not red, and"jargoon"hasalreadybeenexplainedinBookII,chapter5asatermfortheruby.

[451]Thatis,acentaurcarryingabow.[452]Thatis,withtheherbnamedmercury;asuffumigationofmetallicmercury

isanunusuallyunpleasantmethodofsuicide.