PIC12F629/675 Data Sheet - Sigma Electrónica · PIC12F629/675 High Performance ......

2007 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41190E

PIC12F629/675Data Sheet

8-Pin, Flash-Based 8-BitCMOS Microcontrollers

*8-bit, 8-pin Devices Protected by Microchip�s Low Pin Count Patent: U.S. Patent No. 5,847,450.Additional U.S. and foreign patents and applications may be issued or pending.

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DS41190E-page ii 2007 Microchip Technology Inc.

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The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, Accuron, dsPIC, KEELOQ, KEELOQ logo, microID, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART, PRO MATE, PowerSmart, rfPIC, and SmartShunt are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries.

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© 2007, Microchip Technology Incorporated, Printed in the U.S.A., All Rights Reserved.

Printed on recycled paper.

Note the following details of the code protection feature on Microchip devices:� Microchip products meet the specification contained in their particular Microchip Data Sheet.

� Microchip believes that its family of products is one of the most secure families of its kind on the market today, when used in the intended manner and under normal conditions.

� There are dishonest and possibly illegal methods used to breach the code protection feature. All of these methods, to our knowledge, require using the Microchip products in a manner outside the operating specifications contained in Microchip�s Data Sheets. Most likely, the person doing so is engaged in theft of intellectual property.

� Microchip is willing to work with the customer who is concerned about the integrity of their code.

� Neither Microchip nor any other semiconductor manufacturer can guarantee the security of their code. Code protection does not mean that we are guaranteeing the product as �unbreakable.�

Code protection is constantly evolving. We at Microchip are committed to continuously improving the code protection features of ourproducts. Attempts to break Microchip�s code protection feature may be a violation of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act. If such actsallow unauthorized access to your software or other copyrighted work, you may have a right to sue for relief under that Act.

Microchip received ISO/TS-16949:2002 certification for its worldwide headquarters, design and wafer fabrication facilities in Chandler and Tempe, Arizona, Gresham, Oregon and Mountain View, California. The Company�s quality system processes and procedures are for its PIC®

MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs, KEELOQ® code hopping devices, Serial EEPROMs, microperipherals, nonvolatile memory and analog products. In addition, Microchip�s quality system for the design and manufacture of development systems is ISO 9001:2000 certified.




2007 Microchip Technology Inc. DS41190E-page 1

PIC12F629/675

High Performance RISC CPU:� Only 35 instructions to learn

- All single cycle instructions except branches� Operating speed:

- DC - 20 MHz oscillator/clock input- DC - 200 ns instruction cycle

� Interrupt capability� 8-level deep hardware stack� Direct, Indirect, and Relative Addressing modes

Special Microcontroller Features:� Internal and external oscillator options

- Precision Internal 4 MHz oscillator factory calibrated to ±1%

- External Oscillator support for crystals and resonators

- 5 ks wake-up from SLEEP, 3.0V, typical� Power saving SLEEP mode� Wide operating voltage range - 2.0V to 5.5V� Industrial and Extended temperature range� Low power Power-on Reset (POR)� Power-up Timer (PWRT) and Oscillator Start-up

Timer (OST)� Brown-out Detect (BOD)� Watchdog Timer (WDT) with independent

oscillator for reliable operation� Multiplexed MCLR/Input-pin� Interrupt-on-pin change� Individual programmable weak pull-ups� Programmable code protection� High Endurance FLASH/EEPROM Cell

- 100,000 write FLASH endurance- 1,000,000 write EEPROM endurance- FLASH/Data EEPROM Retention: > 40 years

Low Power Features:� Standby Current:

- 1 nA @ 2.0V, typical� Operating Current:

- 8.5 kA @ 32 kHz, 2.0V, typical- 100 kA @ 1 MHz, 2.0V, typical

� Watchdog Timer Current- 300 nA @ 2.0V, typical

� Timer1 oscillator current:- 4 kA @ 32 kHz, 2.0V, typical

Peripheral Features:� 6 I/O pins with individual direction control� High current sink/source for direct LED drive� Analog comparator module with:

- One analog comparator- Programmable on-chip comparator voltage

reference (CVREF) module- Programmable input multiplexing from device

inputs- Comparator output is externally accessible

� Analog-to-Digital Converter module (PIC12F675):- 10-bit resolution- Programmable 4-channel input- Voltage reference input

� Timer0: 8-bit timer/counter with 8-bit programmable prescaler

� Enhanced Timer1:- 16-bit timer/counter with prescaler- External Gate Input mode- Option to use OSC1 and OSC2 in LP mode

as Timer1 oscillator, if INTOSC mode selected

� In-Circuit Serial ProgrammingTM (ICSPTM) via two pins

* 8-bit, 8-pin devices protected by Microchip�s Low Pin Count Patent: U.S. Patent No. 5,847,450. Additional U.S. andforeign patents and applications may be issued or pending.

Device

Program Memory Data Memory

I/O 10-bit A/D (ch) Comparators Timers

8/16-bitFLASH(words)

SRAM (bytes)

EEPROM (bytes)

PIC12F629 1024 64 128 6 � 1 1/1

PIC12F675 1024 64 128 6 4 1 1/1

8-Pin FLASH-Based 8-Bit CMOS Microcontroller




PIC12F629/675

DS41190E-page 2 2007 Microchip Technology Inc.

Pin Diagrams

VSSVDD

GP5/T1CKI/OSC1/CLKIN

GP4/AN3/T1G/OSC2/CLKOUT

GP3/MCLR/VPP

GP0/AN0/CIN+/ICSPDAT

GP1/AN1/CIN-/VREF/ICSPCLK

GP2/AN2/T0CKI/INT/COUT

1

2

3

4 5

6

7

8

VSSVDD


GP4/T1G/OSC2/CLKOUT

GP3/MCLR/VPP

GP0/CIN+/ICSPDAT

GP1/CIN-/ICSPCLK

GP2/T0CKI/INT/COUT

1

2

3

4 5

6

7

8

8-pin PDIP, SOIC, DFN-S





PIC12F629/675Table of Contents1.0 Device Overview ......................................................................................................................................................................... 52.0 Memory Organization.................................................................................................................................................................. 73.0 GPIO Port ................................................................................................................................................................................. 194.0 Timer0 Module .......................................................................................................................................................................... 275.0 Timer1 Module with Gate Control ............................................................................................................................................. 306.0 Comparator Module .................................................................................................................................................................. 357.0 Analog-to-Digital Converter (A/D) Module (PIC12F675 only) ................................................................................................... 418.0 Data EEPROM Memory ............................................................................................................................................................ 479.0 Special Features of the CPU .................................................................................................................................................... 5110.0 Instruction Set Summary ........................................................................................................................................................... 6911.0 Development Support ............................................................................................................................................................... 7712.0 Electrical Specifications ............................................................................................................................................................ 8113.0 DC and AC Characteristics Graphs and Tables ..................................................................................................................... 10314.0 Packaging Information ............................................................................................................................................................ 113Appendix A: Data Sheet Revision History ......................................................................................................................................... 117Appendix B: Device Differences ....................................................................................................................................................... 117Appendix C: Device Migrations ......................................................................................................................................................... 118Appendix D: Migrating from other PIC® Devices .............................................................................................................................. 118Index ................................................................................................................................................................................................. 119On-Line Support ................................................................................................................................................................................ 123Systems Information and Upgrade Hot Line ..................................................................................................................................... 123Reader Response ............................................................................................................................................................................. 124Product Identification System ........................................................................................................................................................... 125

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PIC12F629/675


NOTES:





PIC12F629/675

1.0 DEVICE OVERVIEWThis document contains device specific information forthe PIC12F629/675. Additional information may befound in the PIC® Mid-Range Reference Manual(DS33023), which may be obtained from your localMicrochip Sales Representative or downloaded fromthe Microchip web site. The Reference Manual shouldbe considered a complementary document to this Data

Sheet, and is highly recommended reading for a betterunderstanding of the device architecture and operationof the peripheral modules.

The PIC12F629 and PIC12F675 devices are coveredby this Data Sheet. They are identical, except thePIC12F675 has a 10-bit A/D converter. They come in8-pin PDIP, SOIC, and MLF-S packages. Figure 1-1shows a block diagram of the PIC12F629/675devices. Table 1-1 shows the Pinout Description.

FIGURE 1-1: PIC12F629/675 BLOCK DIAGRAM

FLASH

ProgramMemory

1K x 14

13 Data Bus 8

14ProgramBus

Instruction Reg

Program Counter

8-Level Stack(13-bit)

RAMFile

Registers64 x 8

Direct Addr 7

Addr(1)9

Addr MUX

IndirectAddr

FSR Reg

STATUS Reg

MUX

ALU

W Reg

Power-upTimer

OscillatorStart-up Timer

Power-onReset

WatchdogTimer

InstructionDecode &Control

OSC1/CLKINOSC2/CLKOUT VDD, VSS

8

8

Brown-outDetect

8

3

TimingGeneration


Internal4 MHz

RAM

GP4/AN3/T1G/OSC2/CLKOUTGP3/MCLR/VPPGP2/AN2/T0CKI/INT/COUTGP1/AN1/CIN-/VREFGP0/AN0/CIN+

Oscillator

Note 1: Higher order bits are from STATUS register.

Analog

Timer0 Timer1

DATAEEPROM

128 bytesEEDATA

EEADDR

ComparatorAnalog to Digital Converter (PIC12F675 only)

AN0 AN1 AN2 AN3CIN- CIN+ COUT

T0CKI

T1CKI

VREF

and reference

T1G

8




PIC12F629/675


TABLE 1-1: PIC12F629/675 PINOUT DESCRIPTION

Name Function InputType

OutputType Description

GP0/AN0/CIN+/ICSPDAT GP0 TTL CMOS Bi-directional I/O w/ programmable pull-up and interrupt-on-change

AN0 AN A/D Channel 0 inputCIN+ AN Comparator input

ICSPDAT TTL CMOS Serial programming I/OGP1/AN1/CIN-/VREF/ICSPCLK

GP1 TTL CMOS Bi-directional I/O w/ programmable pull-up and interrupt-on-change

AN1 AN A/D Channel 1 inputCIN- AN Comparator inputVREF AN External voltage reference

ICSPCLK ST Serial programming clockGP2/AN2/T0CKI/INT/COUT GP2 ST CMOS Bi-directional I/O w/ programmable pull-up and

interrupt-on-changeAN2 AN A/D Channel 2 input

T0CKI ST TMR0 clock inputINT ST External interrupt

COUT CMOS Comparator outputGP3/MCLR/VPP GP3 TTL Input port w/ interrupt-on-change

MCLR ST Master ClearVPP HV Programming voltage

GP4/AN3/T1G/OSC2/CLKOUT

GP4 TTL CMOS Bi-directional I/O w/ programmable pull-up and interrupt-on-change

AN3 AN A/D Channel 3 inputT1G ST TMR1 gate

OSC2 XTAL Crystal/resonatorCLKOUT CMOS FOSC/4 output

GP5/T1CKI/OSC1/CLKIN GP5 TTL CMOS Bi-directional I/O w/ programmable pull-up and interrupt-on-change

T1CKI ST TMR1 clockOSC1 XTAL Crystal/resonatorCLKIN ST External clock input/RC oscillator connection

VSS VSS Power Ground referenceVDD VDD Power Positive supplyLegend: Shade = PIC12F675 only

TTL = TTL input buffer, ST = Schmitt Trigger input buffer





PIC12F629/675

2.0 MEMORY ORGANIZATION

2.1 Program Memory OrganizationThe PIC12F629/675 devices have a 13-bit programcounter capable of addressing an 8K x 14 programmemory space. Only the first 1K x 14 (0000h - 03FFh)for the PIC12F629/675 devices is physically imple-mented. Accessing a location above these boundarieswill cause a wrap around within the first 1K x 14 space.The RESET vector is at 0000h and the interrupt vectoris at 0004h (see Figure 2-1).

FIGURE 2-1: PROGRAM MEMORY MAP AND STACK FOR THE PIC12F629/675

2.2 Data Memory OrganizationThe data memory (see Figure 2-2) is partitioned intotwo banks, which contain the General Purpose regis-ters and the Special Function registers. The SpecialFunction registers are located in the first 32 locations ofeach bank. Register locations 20h-5Fh are GeneralPurpose registers, implemented as static RAM and aremapped across both banks. All other RAM isunimplemented and returns �0� when read. RP0(STATUS<5>) is the bank select bit.

� RP0 = 0 Bank 0 is selected� RP0 = 1 Bank 1 is selected

2.2.1 GENERAL PURPOSE REGISTER FILE

The register file is organized as 64 x 8 in thePIC12F629/675 devices. Each register is accessed,either directly or indirectly, through the File SelectRegister FSR (see Section 2.4).

PC<12:0>

13

000h

00040005

03FFh0400h

1FFFh

Stack Level 1

Stack Level 8

RESET Vector

Interrupt Vector

On-chip ProgramMemory

ÝßÔÔô ÎÛÌËÎÒÎÛÌÚ×Ûô ÎÛÌÔÉ

Stack Level 2

Note: The IRP and RP1 bits STATUS<7:6> arereserved and should always be maintainedas �0�s.




PIC12F629/675


2.2.2 SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTERS

The Special Function registers are registers used bythe CPU and peripheral functions for controlling thedesired operation of the device (see Table 2-1). Theseregisters are static RAM.

The special registers can be classified into two sets:core and peripheral. The Special Function registersassociated with the �core� are described in this section.Those related to the operation of the peripheralfeatures are described in the section of that peripheralfeature.

FIGURE 2-2: DATA MEMORY MAP OF THE PIC12F629/675

Indirect addr.(1)

TMR0PCL

STATUSFSRGPIO

PCLATHINTCON

PIR1

TMR1LTMR1HT1CON

00h01h02h03h04h05h06h07h08h09h0Ah0Bh0Ch0Dh0Eh0Fh10h11h12h13h14h15h16h17h18h19h1Ah1Bh1Ch1Dh1Eh1Fh20h

7FhBank 0

Unimplemented data memory locations, read as '0'.1: Not a physical register.2: PIC12F675 only.

CMCON VRCON

GeneralPurposeRegisters

accesses20h-5Fh

64 Bytes

EEDATAEEADR

EECON2(1)

5Fh60h

FileAddress

FileAddress

WPUIOC

Indirect addr.(1)

OPTION_REGPCL

STATUSFSR

TRISIO

PCLATHINTCON

PIE1

PCON

OSCCAL

80h81h82h83h84h85h86h87h88h89h8Ah8Bh8Ch8Dh8Eh8Fh90h91h92h93h94h95h96h97h98h99h9Ah9Bh9Ch9Dh9Eh9FhA0h

FFhBank 1

DFhE0h

ADRESH(2)

ADCON0(2)

EECON1

ADRESL(2)

ANSEL(2)





PIC12F629/675

TABLE 2-1: SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTERS SUMMARY

Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on POR, BOD Page

Bank 000h INDF(1) Addressing this Location uses Contents of FSR to Address Data Memory ðððð ðððð 18,59

01h TMR0 Timer0 Module�s Register ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ 27

02h PCL Program Counter's (PC) Least Significant Byte ðððð ðððð 17

03h STATUS IRP(2) RP1(2) RP0 TO PD Z DC C ðððï ï¨¨¨ 11

04h FSR Indirect Data Memory Address Pointer ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ 18

05h GPIO � � GPIO5 GPIO4 GPIO3 GPIO2 GPIO1 GPIO0 óó¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ 19

06h � Unimplemented � �




0Ah PCLATH � � � Write Buffer for Upper 5 bits of Program Counter óóóð ðððð 17

0Bh INTCON GIE PEIE T0IE INTE GPIE T0IF INTF GPIF ðððð ðððð 13

0Ch PIR1 EEIF ADIF � � CMIF � � TMR1IF ððóó ðóóð 15

0Dh � Unimplemented � �

0Eh TMR1L Holding Register for the Least Significant Byte of the 16-bit Timer1 ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ 30

0Fh TMR1H Holding Register for the Most Significant Byte of the 16-bit Timer1 ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ 30

10h T1CON � TMR1GE T1CKPS1 T1CKPS0 T1OSCEN T1SYNC TMR1CS TMR1ON óððð ðððð 32









19h CMCON � COUT � CINV CIS CM2 CM1 CM0 óðóð ðððð 35

1Ah � Unimplemented � �

1Bh � Unimplemented � �

1Ch � Unimplemented � �


1Eh ADRESH(3) Most Significant 8 bits of the Left Shifted A/D Result or 2 bits of the Right Shifted Result ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ 42

1Fh ADCON0(3) ADFM VCFG � � CHS1 CHS0 GO/DONE ADON ððóó ðððð 43,59

Legend: � = unimplemented locations read as �0�, « = unchanged, ¨ = unknown, ¯ = value depends on condition,shaded = unimplemented

Note 1: This is not a physical register.2: These bits are reserved and should always be maintained as �0�.3: PIC12F675 only.




PIC12F629/675


Bank 180h INDF(1) Addressing this Location uses Contents of FSR to Address Data Memory ðððð ðððð 18,59

81h OPTION_REG GPPU INTEDG T0CS T0SE PSA PS2 PS1 PS0 ïïïï ïïïï 12,28

82h PCL Program Counter's (PC) Least Significant Byte ðððð ðððð 17

83h STATUS IRP(2) RP1(2) RP0 TO PD Z DC C ðððï ï¨¨¨ 11

84h FSR Indirect Data Memory Address Pointer ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ 18

85h TRISIO � � TRISIO5 TRISIO4 TRISIO3 TRISIO2 TRISIO1 TRISIO0 óóïï ïïïï 19





8Ah PCLATH � � � Write Buffer for Upper 5 bits of Program Counter óóóð ðððð 17

8Bh INTCON GIE PEIE T0IE INTE GPIE T0IF INTF GPIF ðððð ðððð 13

8Ch PIE1 EEIE ADIE � � CMIE � � TMR1IE ððóó ðóóð 14


8Eh PCON � � � � � � POR BOD óóóó óóð¨ 16

8Fh � Unimplemented � �

90h OSCCAL CAL5 CAL4 CAL3 CAL2 CAL1 CAL0 � � ïððð ððóó 16





95h WPU � � WPU5 WPU4 � WPU2 WPU1 WPU0 óóïï óïïï 20

96h IOC � � IOC5 IOC4 IOC3 IOC2 IOC1 IOC0 óóðð ðððð 21



99h VRCON VREN � VRR � VR3 VR2 VR1 VR0 ðóðó ðððð 40

9Ah EEDATA Data EEPROM Data Register ðððð ðððð 47

9Bh EEADR � Data EEPROM Address Register óððð ðððð 47

9Ch EECON1 � � � � WRERR WREN WR RD óóóó ¨ððð 48

9Dh EECON2(1) EEPROM Control Register 2 óóóó óóóó 48

9Eh ADRESL(3) Least Significant 2 bits of the Left Shifted A/D Result of 8 bits or the Right Shifted Result ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ 42

9Fh ANSEL(3) � ADCS2 ADCS1 ADCS0 ANS3 ANS2 ANS1 ANS0 óððð ïïïï 44,59

Legend: � = unimplemented locations read as �0�, « = unchanged, ¨ = unknown, ¯ = value depends on condition,shaded = unimplemented

Note 1: This is not a physical register.2: These bits are reserved and should always be maintained as �0�.3: PIC12F675 only.

TABLE 2-1: SPECIAL FUNCTION REGISTERS SUMMARY (CONTINUED)

Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on POR, BOD Page





PIC12F629/6752.2.2.1 STATUS RegisterThe STATUS register, shown in Register 2-1, contains:

� the arithmetic status of the ALU� the RESET status� the bank select bits for data memory (SRAM)

The STATUS register can be the destination for anyinstruction, like any other register. If the STATUSregister is the destination for an instruction that affectsthe Z, DC or C bits, then the write to these three bits isdisabled. These bits are set or cleared according to thedevice logic. Furthermore, the TO and PD bits are notwritable. Therefore, the result of an instruction with theSTATUS register as destination may be different thanintended.

For example, ÝÔÎÚ ÍÌßÌËÍ will clear the upper threebits and set the Z bit. This leaves the STATUS registeras ððð« «ï«« (where « = unchanged).

It is recommended, therefore, that only ÞÝÚô ÞÍÚô

ÍÉßÐÚ and ÓÑÊÉÚ instructions are used to alter theSTATUS register, because these instructions do notaffect any STATUS bits. For other instructions notaffecting any STATUS bits, see the �Instruction SetSummary�.

REGISTER 2-1: STATUS � STATUS REGISTER (ADDRESS: 03h OR 83h)

Note 1: Bits IRP and RP1 (STATUS<7:6>) are notused by the PIC12F629/675 and shouldbe maintained as clear. Use of these bitsis not recommended, since this may affectupward compatibility with future products.

2: The C and DC bits operate as a Borrowand Digit Borrow out bit, respectively, insubtraction. See the ÍËÞÔÉ and ÍËÞÉÚinstructions for examples.

Reserved Reserved R/W-0 R-1 R-1 R/W-x R/W-x R/W-xIRP RP1 RP0 TO PD Z DC C

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7 IRP: This bit is reserved and should be maintained as �0�bit 6 RP1: This bit is reserved and should be maintained as �0�bit 5 RP0: Register Bank Select bit (used for direct addressing)

ð = Bank 0 (00h - 7Fh)ï = Bank 1 (80h - FFh)

bit 4 TO: Time-out bitï = After power-up, ÝÔÎÉÜÌ instruction, or ÍÔÛÛÐ instructionð = A WDT time-out occurred

bit 3 PD: Power-down bitï = After power-up or by the ÝÔÎÉÜÌ instructionð = By execution of the ÍÔÛÛÐ instruction

bit 2 Z: Zero bitï = The result of an arithmetic or logic operation is zeroð = The result of an arithmetic or logic operation is not zero

bit 1 DC: Digit carry/borrow bit (ßÜÜÉÚ, ßÜÜÔÉôÍËÞÔÉôÍËÞÉÚ instructions) For borrow, the polarity is reversed.ï = A carry-out from the 4th low order bit of the result occurredð = No carry-out from the 4th low order bit of the result

bit 0 C: Carry/borrow bit (ßÜÜÉÚ, ßÜÜÔÉô ÍËÞÔÉô ÍËÞÉÚ instructions)ï = A carry-out from the Most Significant bit of the result occurredð = No carry-out from the Most Significant bit of the result occurred

Note: For borrow the polarity is reversed. A subtraction is executed by adding the two�scomplement of the second operand. For rotate (ÎÎÚ, ÎÔÚ) instructions, this bit isloaded with either the high or low order bit of the source register.

Legend:R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as �0�- n = Value at POR �1� = Bit is set �0� = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown




PIC12F629/675


2.2.2.2 OPTION RegisterThe OPTION register is a readable and writableregister, which contains various control bits toconfigure:

� TMR0/WDT prescaler� External GP2/INT interrupt� TMR0� Weak pull-ups on GPIO

REGISTER 2-2: OPTION_REG � OPTION REGISTER (ADDRESS: 81h)

Note: To achieve a 1:1 prescaler assignment forTMR0, assign the prescaler to the WDT bysetting PSA bit to �1� (OPTION<3>). SeeSection 4.4.

R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1GPPU INTEDG T0CS T0SE PSA PS2 PS1 PS0

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7 GPPU: GPIO Pull-up Enable bitï = GPIO pull-ups are disabledð = GPIO pull-ups are enabled by individual port latch values

bit 6 INTEDG: Interrupt Edge Select bitï = Interrupt on rising edge of GP2/INT pinð = Interrupt on falling edge of GP2/INT pin

bit 5 T0CS: TMR0 Clock Source Select bitï = Transition on GP2/T0CKI pinð = Internal instruction cycle clock (CLKOUT)

bit 4 T0SE: TMR0 Source Edge Select bitï = Increment on high-to-low transition on GP2/T0CKI pinð = Increment on low-to-high transition on GP2/T0CKI pin

bit 3 PSA: Prescaler Assignment bitï = Prescaler is assigned to the WDTð = Prescaler is assigned to the TIMER0 module

bit 2-0 PS2:PS0: Prescaler Rate Select bits


ðððððïðïððïïïððïðïïïðïïï

1 : 21 : 41 : 81 : 161 : 321 : 641 : 1281 : 256

1 : 11 : 21 : 41 : 81 : 161 : 321 : 641 : 128

Bit Value TMR0 Rate WDT Rate





PIC12F629/6752.2.2.3 INTCON RegisterThe INTCON register is a readable and writableregister, which contains the various enable and flag bitsfor TMR0 register overflow, GPIO port change andexternal GP2/INT pin interrupts.

REGISTER 2-3: INTCON � INTERRUPT CONTROL REGISTER (ADDRESS: 0Bh OR 8Bh)

Note: Interrupt flag bits are set when an interruptcondition occurs, regardless of the state ofits corresponding enable bit or the globalenable bit, GIE (INTCON<7>). User soft-ware should ensure the appropriateinterrupt flag bits are clear prior to enablingan interrupt.

R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0GIE PEIE T0IE INTE GPIE T0IF INTF GPIF

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7 GIE: Global Interrupt Enable bitï = Enables all unmasked interruptsð = Disables all interrupts

bit 6 PEIE: Peripheral Interrupt Enable bitï = Enables all unmasked peripheral interruptsð = Disables all peripheral interrupts

bit 5 T0IE: TMR0 Overflow Interrupt Enable bitï = Enables the TMR0 interruptð = Disables the TMR0 interrupt

bit 4 INTE: GP2/INT External Interrupt Enable bitï = Enables the GP2/INT external interruptð = Disables the GP2/INT external interrupt

bit 3 GPIE: Port Change Interrupt Enable bit(1)

ï = Enables the GPIO port change interruptð = Disables the GPIO port change interrupt

bit 2 T0IF: TMR0 Overflow Interrupt Flag bit(2)

ï = TMR0 register has overflowed (must be cleared in software)ð = TMR0 register did not overflow

bit 1 INTF: GP2/INT External Interrupt Flag bitï = The GP2/INT external interrupt occurred (must be cleared in software)ð = The GP2/INT external interrupt did not occur

bit 0 GPIF: Port Change Interrupt Flag bitï = When at least one of the GP5:GP0 pins changed state (must be cleared in software)ð = None of the GP5:GP0 pins have changed state

Note 1: IOC register must also be enabled to enable an interrupt-on-change.

2: T0IF bit is set when TIMER0 rolls over. TIMER0 is unchanged on RESET andshould be initialized before clearing T0IF bit.





PIC12F629/675


2.2.2.4 PIE1 RegisterThe PIE1 register contains the interrupt enable bits, asshown in Register 2-4.

REGISTER 2-4: PIE1 � PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT ENABLE REGISTER 1 (ADDRESS: 8Ch)

Note: Bit PEIE (INTCON<6>) must be set toenable any peripheral interrupt.

R/W-0 R/W-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0EEIE ADIE � � CMIE � � TMR1IE

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7 EEIE: EE Write Complete Interrupt Enable bitï = Enables the EE write complete interruptð = Disables the EE write complete interrupt

bit 6 ADIE: A/D Converter Interrupt Enable bit (PIC12F675 only)ï = Enables the A/D converter interruptð = Disables the A/D converter interrupt

bit 5-4 Unimplemented: Read as �0� bit 3 CMIE: Comparator Interrupt Enable bit

ï = Enables the comparator interruptð = Disables the comparator interrupt

bit 2-1 Unimplemented: Read as �0� bit 0 TMR1IE: TMR1 Overflow Interrupt Enable bit

ï = Enables the TMR1 overflow interruptð = Disables the TMR1 overflow interrupt






PIC12F629/6752.2.2.5 PIR1 RegisterThe PIR1 register contains the interrupt flag bits, asshown in Register 2-5.

REGISTER 2-5: PIR1 � PERIPHERAL INTERRUPT REGISTER 1 (ADDRESS: 0Ch)

Note: Interrupt flag bits are set when an interruptcondition occurs, regardless of the state ofits corresponding enable bit or the globalenable bit, GIE (INTCON<7>). Usersoftware should ensure the appropriateinterrupt flag bits are clear prior to enablingan interrupt.

R/W-0 R/W-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0EEIF ADIF � � CMIF � � TMR1IF

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7 EEIF: EEPROM Write Operation Interrupt Flag bitï = The write operation completed (must be cleared in software)ð = The write operation has not completed or has not been started

bit 6 ADIF: A/D Converter Interrupt Flag bit (PIC12F675 only)ï = The A/D conversion is complete (must be cleared in software)ð = The A/D conversion is not complete

bit 5-4 Unimplemented: Read as �0�bit 3 CMIF: Comparator Interrupt Flag bit

ï = Comparator input has changed (must be cleared in software)ð = Comparator input has not changed

bit 2-1 Unimplemented: Read as �0�bit 0 TMR1IF: TMR1 Overflow Interrupt Flag bit

ï = TMR1 register overflowed (must be cleared in software)ð = TMR1 register did not overflow





PIC12F629/675


2.2.2.6 PCON RegisterThe Power Control (PCON) register contains flag bitsto differentiate between a:

� Power-on Reset (POR)� Brown-out Detect (BOD)� Watchdog Timer Reset (WDT)� External MCLR Reset

The PCON Register bits are shown in Register 2-6.

REGISTER 2-6: PCON � POWER CONTROL REGISTER (ADDRESS: 8Eh)

2.2.2.7 OSCCAL RegisterThe Oscillator Calibration register (OSCCAL) is used tocalibrate the internal 4 MHz oscillator. It contains 6 bitsto adjust the frequency up or down to achieve 4 MHz.

The OSCCAL register bits are shown in Register 2-7.

REGISTER 2-7: OSCCAL � OSCILLATOR CALIBRATION REGISTER (ADDRESS: 90h)

U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0 R/W-x

� � � � � � POR BODbit 7 bit 0

bit 7-2 Unimplemented: Read as '0'bit 1 POR: Power-on Reset STATUS bit

ï = No Power-on Reset occurredð = A Power-on Reset occurred (must be set in software after a Power-on Reset occurs)

bit 0 BOD: Brown-out Detect STATUS bitï = No Brown-out Detect occurredð = A Brown-out Detect occurred (must be set in software after a Brown-out Detect occurs)


R/W-1 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 U-0 U-0

CAL5 CAL4 CAL3 CAL2 CAL1 CAL0 � �bit 7 bit 0

bit 7-2 CAL5:CAL0: 6-bit Signed Oscillator Calibration bitsïïïïïï = Maximum frequencyïððððð = Center frequencyðððððð = Minimum frequency

bit 1-0 Unimplemented: Read as '0'






PIC12F629/6752.3 PCL and PCLATHThe program counter (PC) is 13-bits wide. The low bytecomes from the PCL register, which is a readable andwritable register. The high byte (PC<12:8>) is notdirectly readable or writable and comes from PCLATH.On any RESET, the PC is cleared. Figure 2-3 shows thetwo situations for the loading of the PC. The upperexample in Figure 2-3 shows how the PC is loaded ona write to PCL (PCLATH<4:0> PCH). The lowerexample in Figure 2-3 shows how the PC is loadedduring a ÝßÔÔ or ÙÑÌÑ instruction (PCLATH<4:3> PCH).

FIGURE 2-3: LOADING OF PC IN DIFFERENT SITUATIONS

2.3.1 COMPUTED ÙÑÌÑ

A computed ÙÑÌÑ is accomplished by adding an offsetto the program counter (ßÜÜÉÚ ÐÝÔ). When perform-ing a table read using a computed ÙÑÌÑ method, careshould be exercised if the table location crosses a PCLmemory boundary (each 256-byte block). Refer to theApplication Note �Implementing a Table Read"(AN556).

2.3.2 STACK

The PIC12F629/675 family has an 8-level deep x 13-bitwide hardware stack (see Figure 2-1). The stack spaceis not part of either program or data space and the stackpointer is not readable or writable. The PC is PUSHedonto the stack when a ÝßÔÔ instruction is executed, oran interrupt causes a branch. The stack is POPed inthe event of a ÎÛÌËÎÒô ÎÛÌÔÉ or a ÎÛÌÚ×Ûinstruction execution. PCLATH is not affected by aPUSH or POP operation.

The stack operates as a circular buffer. This means thatafter the stack has been PUSHed eight times, the ninthpush overwrites the value that was stored from the firstpush. The tenth push overwrites the second push (andso on).

PC

12 8 7 0

5PCLATH<4:0>

PCLATH

Instruction with

ALU result

ÙÑÌÑô ÝßÔÔ

Opcode <10:0>

8

PC

12 11 10 0

11PCLATH<4:3>

PCH PCL

8 7

2

PCLATH

PCH PCL

PCL as Destination

Note 1: There are no STATUS bits to indicatestack overflow or stack underflowconditions.

2: There are no instructions/mnemonicscalled PUSH or POP. These are actionsthat occur from the execution of theÝßÔÔô ÎÛÌËÎÒô ÎÛÌÔÉ and ÎÛÌÚ×Ûinstructions, or the vectoring to aninterrupt address.




PIC12F629/675


2.4 Indirect Addressing, INDF and FSR Registers

The INDF register is not a physical register. Addressingthe INDF register will cause indirect addressing.

Indirect addressing is possible by using the INDFregister. Any instruction using the INDF register actu-ally accesses data pointed to by the File Select register(FSR). Reading INDF itself indirectly will produce 00h.Writing to the INDF register indirectly results in a nooperation (although STATUS bits may be affected). Aneffective 9-bit address is obtained by concatenating the8-bit FSR register and the IRP bit (STATUS<7>), asshown in Figure 2-4.

A simple program to clear RAM location 20h-2Fh usingindirect addressing is shown in Example 2-1.

EXAMPLE 2-1: INDIRECT ADDRESSING

FIGURE 2-4: DIRECT/INDIRECT ADDRESSING PIC12F629/675

³±ª´© ð¨îð å·²·¬·¿´·¦» °±·²¬»®

³±ª©º ÚÍÎ å¬± ÎßÓ

ÒÛÈÌ ½´®º ×ÒÜÚ å½´»¿® ×ÒÜÚ ®»¹·¬»®

·²½º ÚÍÎ å·²½ °±·²¬»®

¾¬º ÚÍÎôì å¿´´ ¼±²»á

¹±¬± ÒÛÈÌ å²± ½´»¿® ²»¨¬

ÝÑÒÌ×ÒËÛ å§» ½±²¬·²«»

For memory map detail see Figure 2-2.

Note 1: The RP1 and IRP bits are reserved; always maintain these bits clear.

DataMemory

Indirect AddressingDirect Addressing

Bank Select Location Select

RP1(1) RP0 6 0From Opcode IRP(1) FSR Register7 0

Bank Select Location Select00 01 10 11

180h

1FFh

00h

7Fh

Bank 0 Bank 1 Bank 2 Bank 3

Not Used





PIC12F629/675

3.0 GPIO PORTThere are as many as six general purpose I/O pinsavailable. Depending on which peripherals areenabled, some or all of the pins may not be available asgeneral purpose I/O. In general, when a peripheral isenabled, the associated pin may not be used as ageneral purpose I/O pin.

3.1 GPIO and the TRISIO RegistersGPIO is an 6-bit wide, bi-directional port. The corre-sponding data direction register is TRISIO. Setting aTRISIO bit (= 1) will make the corresponding GPIO pinan input (i.e., put the corresponding output driver in aHi-impedance mode). Clearing a TRISIO bit (= 0) willmake the corresponding GPIO pin an output (i.e., putthe contents of the output latch on the selected pin).The exception is GP3, which is input only and itsTRISIO bit will always read as �1�. Example 3-1 showshow to initialize GPIO.

Reading the GPIO register reads the status of the pins,whereas writing to it will write to the port latch. All writeoperations are read-modify-write operations. There-fore, a write to a port implies that the port pins are read,this value is modified, and then written to the port datalatch. GP3 reads �0� when MCLREN = 1.

The TRISIO register controls the direction of theGP pins, even when they are being used as analoginputs. The user must ensure the bits in the TRISIO

register are maintained set when using them as analoginputs. I/O pins configured as analog inputs alwaysread �0�.

EXAMPLE 3-1: INITIALIZING GPIO

3.2 Additional Pin FunctionsEvery GPIO pin on the PIC12F629/675 has aninterrupt-on-change option and every GPIO pin, exceptGP3, has a weak pull-up option. The next two sectionsdescribe these functions.

3.2.1 WEAK PULL-UP

Each of the GPIO pins, except GP3, has an individuallyconfigurable weak internal pull-up. Control bits WPUxenable or disable each pull-up. Refer to Register 3-3.Each weak pull-up is automatically turned off when theport pin is configured as an output. The pull-ups aredisabled on a Power-on Reset by the GPPU bit(OPTION<7>).

REGISTER 3-1: GPIO � GPIO REGISTER (ADDRESS: 05h)

Note: Additional information on I/O ports may befound in the PIC® Mid-Range ReferenceManual, (DS33023).

Note: The ANSEL (9Fh) and CMCON (19h)registers (9Fh) must be initialized toconfigure an analog channel as a digitalinput. Pins configured as analog inputs willread �0�. The ANSEL register is defined forthe PIC12F675.

ÞÝÚ ÍÌßÌËÍôÎÐð åÞ¿²µ ð

ÝÔÎÚ ÙÐ×Ñ å×²·¬ ÙÐ×Ñ

ÓÑÊÔÉ ðé¸ åÍ»¬ ÙÐäîæðâ ¬±

ÓÑÊÉÚ ÝÓÝÑÒ å¼·¹·¬¿´ ×Ñ

ÞÍÚ ÍÌßÌËÍôÎÐð åÞ¿²µ ï

ÝÔÎÚ ßÒÍÛÔ åÜ·¹·¬¿´ ×ñÑ

ÓÑÊÔÉ ðÝ¸ åÍ»¬ ÙÐäíæîâ ¿ ·²°«¬

ÓÑÊÉÚ ÌÎ×Í×Ñ å¿²¼ »¬ ÙÐäëæìôïæðâ

å¿ ±«¬°«¬

U-0 U-0 R/W-x R/W-x R/W-x R/W-x R/W-x R/W-x

� � GPIO5 GPIO4 GPIO3 GPIO2 GPIO1 GPIO0

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7-6: Unimplemented: Read as �0�bit 5-0: GPIO<5:0>: General Purpose I/O pin.

ï = Port pin is >VIHð = Port pin is <VIL





PIC12F629/675


REGISTER 3-2: TRISIO � GPIO TRI-STATE REGISTER (ADDRESS: 85h)

REGISTER 3-3: WPU � WEAK PULL-UP REGISTER (ADDRESS: 95h)

U-0 U-0 R/W-x R/W-x R-1 R/W-x R/W-x R/W-x

� � TRISIO5 TRISIO4 TRISIO3 TRISIO2 TRISIO1 TRISIO0

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7-6: Unimplemented: Read as �0�bit 5-0: TRISIO<5:0>: General Purpose I/O Tri-State Control bit

ï = GPIO pin configured as an input (tri-stated)ð = GPIO pin configured as an output.

Note: TRISIO<3> always reads 1.


U-0 U-0 R/W-1 R/W-1 U-0 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1� � WPU5 WPU4 � WPU2 WPU1 WPU0

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as �0�bit 5-4 WPU<5:4>: Weak Pull-up Register bit

ï = Pull-up enabledð = Pull-up disabled

bit 3 Unimplemented: Read as �0�bit 2-0 WPU<2:0>: Weak Pull-up Register bit

ï = Pull-up enabledð = Pull-up disabled

Note 1: Global GPPU must be enabled for individual pull-ups to be enabled.2: The weak pull-up device is automatically disabled if the pin is in Output mode

(TRISIO = 0).






PIC12F629/6753.2.2 INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE

Each of the GPIO pins is individually configurable as aninterrupt-on-change pin. Control bits IOC enable ordisable the interrupt function for each pin. Refer toRegister 3-4. The interrupt-on-change is disabled on aPower-on Reset.

For enabled interrupt-on-change pins, the values arecompared with the old value latched on the last read ofGPIO. The �mismatch� outputs of the last read are OR'dtogether to set, the GP Port Change Interrupt flag bit(GPIF) in the INTCON register.

This interrupt can wake the device from SLEEP. Theuser, in the Interrupt Service Routine, can clear theinterrupt in the following manner:

a) Any read or write of GPIO. This will end themismatch condition.

b) Clear the flag bit GPIF.

A mismatch condition will continue to set flag bit GPIF.Reading GPIO will end the mismatch condition andallow flag bit GPIF to be cleared.

REGISTER 3-4: IOC � INTERRUPT-ON-CHANGE GPIO REGISTER (ADDRESS: 96h)

Note: If a change on the I/O pin should occurwhen the read operation is being executed(start of the Q2 cycle), then the GPIF inter-rupt flag may not get set.

U-0 U-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0� � IOC5 IOC4 IOC3 IOC2 IOC1 IOC0

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7-6 Unimplemented: Read as �0�bit 5-0 IOC<5:0>: Interrupt-on-Change GPIO Control bit

ï = Interrupt-on-change enabledð = Interrupt-on-change disabled

Note 1: Global interrupt enable (GIE) must be enabled for individual interrupts to be recognized.





PIC12F629/675


3.3 Pin Descriptions and DiagramsEach GPIO pin is multiplexed with other functions. Thepins and their combined functions are briefly describedhere. For specific information about individual functionssuch as the comparator or the A/D, refer to theappropriate section in this Data Sheet.

3.3.1 GP0/AN0/CIN+

Figure 3-1 shows the diagram for this pin. The GP0 pinis configurable to function as one of the following:

� a general purpose I/O� an analog input for the A/D (PIC12F675 only)� an analog input to the comparator

3.3.2 GP1/AN1/CIN-/VREF


� as a general purpose I/O� an analog input for the A/D (PIC12F675 only)� an analog input to the comparator� a voltage reference input for the A/D (PIC12F675

only)

FIGURE 3-1: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF GP0 AND GP1 PINS

I/O pin

VDD

VSS

D

QCK

Q

D

QCK

Q

D

QCK

Q

D

QCK

Q

VDD

D

EN

Q

D

EN

Q

Weak

Data Bus

WRWPU

RDWPU

RD PORT

RDPORT

WRPORT

WRTRISIO

RDTRISIO

WRIOC

RDIOC

Interrupt-on-Change

To Comparator

To A/D Converter

AnalogInput Mode

GPPU

AnalogInput Mode





PIC12F629/6753.3.3 GP2/AN2/T0CKI/INT/COUT


� a general purpose I/O� an analog input for the A/D (PIC12F675 only)� the clock input for TMR0� an external edge triggered interrupt� a digital output from the comparator

FIGURE 3-2: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF GP2

3.3.4 GP3/MCLR/VPP


� a general purpose input� as Master Clear Reset


I/O pin

VDD

VSS

D

QCK

Q

D

QCK

Q

D

QCK

Q

D

QCK

Q

VDD

D

EN

Q

D

EN

Q

Weak

AnalogInput Mode

Data Bus

WRWPU

RDWPU

RDPORT

WRPORT

WRTRISIO

RDTRISIO

WRIOC

RDIOC

Interrupt-on-Change

To A/D Converter

0

1COUT

COUTEnable

To INT

To TMR0

AnalogInput Mode

GPPU

RD PORT

AnalogInputMode

I/O pin

VSS

D

QCK

Q

D

EN

Q

Data Bus

RD PORT

RDPORT

WRIOC

RDIOC

Interrupt-on-Change

RESET MCLRE

RDTRISIO

VSS

D

EN

Q

MCLRE




PIC12F629/675


3.3.5 GP4/AN3/T1G/OSC2/CLKOUT


� a general purpose I/O� an analog input for the A/D (PIC12F675 only)� a TMR1 gate input� a crystal/resonator connection� a clock output


3.3.6 GP5/T1CKI/OSC1/CLKIN


� a general purpose I/O� a TMR1 clock input� a crystal/resonator connection� a clock input


I/O pin

VDD

VSS

D

QCK

Q

D

QCK

Q

D

QCK

Q

D

QCK

Q

VDD

D

EN

Q

D

EN

Q

Weak

AnalogInput Mode

Data Bus

WRWPU

RDWPU

RDPORT

WRPORT

WRTRISIO

RDTRISIO

WRIOC

RDIOC

Interrupt-on-Change

FOSC/4

To A/D Converter

OscillatorCircuit

OSC1

CLKOUT

0

1

CLKOUTEnable

Enable

AnalogInput Mode

GPPU

RD PORTTo TMR1 T1G

INTOSC/RC/EC(2)

CLKModes(1)

CLKOUTEnable

Note 1: CLK modes are XT, HS, LP, LPTMR1 and CLKOUTEnable.

2: With CLKOUT option.

I/O pin

VDD

VSS

D

QCK

Q

D

QCK

Q

D

QCK

Q

D

QCK

Q

VDD

D

EN

Q

D

EN

Q

Weak

Data Bus

WRWPU

RDWPU

RDPORT

WRPORT

WRTRISIO

RDTRISIO

WRIOC

RDIOC

Interrupt-on-Change

To TMR1 or CLKGEN

INTOSCMode

RD PORT

INTOSCMode

GPPU

OscillatorCircuit

OSC2

Note 1: Timer1 LP Oscillator enabled2: When using Timer1 with LP oscillator, the Schmitt

Trigger is by-passed.

(2)

TMR1LPEN(1)





PIC12F629/675TABLE 3-1: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH GPIO

Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0Value on:

POR,BOD

Value on all other

RESETS

05h GPIO � � GP5 GP4 GP3 GP2 GP1 GP0 óó¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ óó«« ««««

0Bh/8Bh INTCON GIE PEIE T0IE INTE GPIE T0IF INTF GPIF ðððð ðððð ðððð ððð«

19h CMCON � COUT � CINV CIS CM2 CM1 CM0 óðóð ðððð óðóð ðððð

81h OPTION_REG GPPU INTEDG T0CS T0SE PSA PS2 PS1 PS0 ïïïï ïïïï ïïïï ïïïï

85h TRISIO � � TRISIO5 TRISIO4 TRISIO3 TRISIO2 TRISIO1 TRISIO0 óóïï ïïïï óóïï ïïïï

95h WPU � � WPU5 WPU4 � WPU2 WPU1 WPU0 óóïï óïïï óóïï óïïï

96h IOC � � IOC5 IOC4 IOC3 IOC2 IOC1 IOC0 óóðð ðððð óóðð ðððð

9Fh ANSEL � ADCS2 ADCS1 ADCS0 ANS3 ANS2 ANS1 ANS0 óððð ïïïï óððð ïïïï

Legend: ¨ = unknown, « = unchanged, ó = unimplemented locations read as '0'. Shaded cells are not used by GPIO.




PIC12F629/675


NOTES:





PIC12F629/675

4.0 TIMER0 MODULEThe Timer0 module timer/counter has the followingfeatures:

� 8-bit timer/counter� Readable and writable� 8-bit software programmable prescaler� Internal or external clock select� Interrupt on overflow from FFh to 00h� Edge select for external clock

Figure 4-1 is a block diagram of the Timer0 module andthe prescaler shared with the WDT.

4.1 Timer0 OperationTimer mode is selected by clearing the T0CS bit(OPTION_REG<5>). In Timer mode, the Timer0module will increment every instruction cycle (withoutprescaler). If TMR0 is written, the increment is inhibitedfor the following two instruction cycles. The user canwork around this by writing an adjusted value to theTMR0 register.

Counter mode is selected by setting the T0CS bit(OPTION_REG<5>). In this mode, the Timer0 modulewill increment either on every rising or falling edge ofpin GP2/T0CKI. The incrementing edge is determinedby the source edge (T0SE) control bit(OPTION_REG<4>). Clearing the T0SE bit selects therising edge.

4.2 Timer0 InterruptA Timer0 interrupt is generated when the TMR0register timer/counter overflows from FFh to 00h. Thisoverflow sets the T0IF bit. The interrupt can be maskedby clearing the T0IE bit (INTCON<5>). The T0IF bit(INTCON<2>) must be cleared in software by theTimer0 module Interrupt Service Routine before re-enabling this interrupt. The Timer0 interrupt cannotwake the processor from SLEEP since the timer isshut-off during SLEEP.

FIGURE 4-1: BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE TIMER0/WDT PRESCALER

Note: Additional information on the Timer0module is available in the PIC® Mid-RangeReference Manual, (DS33023).

Note: Counter mode has specific external clockrequirements. Additional information onthese requirements is available in the PIC®

Mid-Range Reference Manual,(DS33023).

T0CKI

T0SEpin

CLKOUT

TMR0

WatchdogTimer

WDTTime-out

PS0 - PS2

WDTE

Data Bus

Set Flag bit T0IFon Overflow

T0CS

Note 1: T0SE, T0CS, PSA, PS0-PS2 are bits in the Option register.

0

1

0

1

0

1

SYNC 2Cycles

8

8

8-bitPrescaler

0

1

(= FOSC/4)

PSA

PSA

PSA




PIC12F629/675


4.3 Using Timer0 with an External Clock

When no prescaler is used, the external clock input isthe same as the prescaler output. The synchronizationof T0CKI, with the internal phase clocks, is accom-plished by sampling the prescaler output on the Q2 andQ4 cycles of the internal phase clocks. Therefore, it isnecessary for T0CKI to be high for at least 2TOSC (and

a small RC delay of 20 ns) and low for at least 2TOSC(and a small RC delay of 20 ns). Refer to the electricalspecification of the desired device.

REGISTER 4-1: OPTION_REG � OPTION REGISTER (ADDRESS: 81h)

Note: The ANSEL (9Fh) and CMCON (19h)registers must be initialized to configure ananalog channel as a digital input. Pinsconfigured as analog inputs will read �0�.The ANSEL register is defined for thePIC12F675.

R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1GPPU INTEDG T0CS T0SE PSA PS2 PS1 PS0

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7 GPPU: GPIO Pull-up Enable bitï = GPIO pull-ups are disabledð = GPIO pull-ups are enabled by individual port latch values

bit 6 INTEDG: Interrupt Edge Select bitï = Interrupt on rising edge of GP2/INT pinð = Interrupt on falling edge of GP2/INT pin

bit 5 T0CS: TMR0 Clock Source Select bitï = Transition on GP2/T0CKI pinð = Internal instruction cycle clock (CLKOUT)

bit 4 T0SE: TMR0 Source Edge Select bitï = Increment on high-to-low transition on GP2/T0CKI pinð = Increment on low-to-high transition on GP2/T0CKI pin

bit 3 PSA: Prescaler Assignment bitï = Prescaler is assigned to the WDTð = Prescaler is assigned to the TIMER0 module

bit 2-0 PS2:PS0: Prescaler Rate Select bits


ðððððïðïððïïïððïðïïïðïïï

1 : 21 : 41 : 81 : 161 : 321 : 641 : 1281 : 256

1 : 11 : 21 : 41 : 81 : 161 : 321 : 641 : 128

Bit Value TMR0 Rate WDT Rate





PIC12F629/6754.4 PrescalerAn 8-bit counter is available as a prescaler for theTimer0 module, or as a postscaler for the WatchdogTimer. For simplicity, this counter will be referred to as�prescaler� throughout this Data Sheet. The prescalerassignment is controlled in software by the control bitPSA (OPTION_REG<3>). Clearing the PSA bit willassign the prescaler to Timer0. Prescale values areselectable via the PS2:PS0 bits (OPTION_REG<2:0>).

The prescaler is not readable or writable. Whenassigned to the Timer0 module, all instructions writingto the TMR0 register (e.g., ÝÔÎÚ ïô ÓÑÊÉÚ ïô

ÞÍÚ ïô ¨òòòò»¬½ò) will clear the prescaler. Whenassigned to WDT, a ÝÔÎÉÜÌ instruction will clear theprescaler along with the Watchdog Timer.

4.4.1 SWITCHING PRESCALER ASSIGNMENT

The prescaler assignment is fully under softwarecontrol (i.e., it can be changed �on the fly� duringprogram execution). To avoid an unintended deviceRESET, the following instruction sequence(Example 4-1) must be executed when changing theprescaler assignment from Timer0 to WDT.

EXAMPLE 4-1: CHANGING PRESCALER (TIMER0 WDT)

To change prescaler from the WDT to the TMR0module, use the sequence shown in Example 4-2. Thisprecaution must be taken even if the WDT is disabled.

EXAMPLE 4-2: CHANGING PRESCALER (WDT TIMER0)

TABLE 4-1: REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH TIMER0

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å °®»½¿´»®

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Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value onPOR, BOD

Value onall otherRESETS

01h TMR0 Timer0 Module Register ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ «««« ««««




Legend: � = Unimplemented locations, read as �0�, « = unchanged, ¨ = unknown. Shaded cells are not used by the Timer0 module.




PIC12F629/675


5.0 TIMER1 MODULE WITH GATE CONTROL

The PIC12F629/675 devices have a 16-bit timer.Figure 5-1 shows the basic block diagram of the Timer1module. Timer1 has the following features:

� 16-bit timer/counter (TMR1H:TMR1L)� Readable and writable� Internal or external clock selection� Synchronous or asynchronous operation� Interrupt on overflow from FFFFh to 0000h� Wake-up upon overflow (Asynchronous mode)� Optional external enable input (T1G)� Optional LP oscillator

The Timer1 Control register (T1CON), shown inRegister 5-1, is used to enable/disable Timer1 andselect the various features of the Timer1 module.

FIGURE 5-1: TIMER1 BLOCK DIAGRAM

Note: Additional information on timer modules isavailable in the PIC® Mid-Range Refer-ence Manual, (DS33023).

TMR1H TMR1L

LP Oscillator T1SYNC

TMR1CS

T1CKPS<1:0>SLEEP Input

FOSC/4InternalClock

Prescaler1, 2, 4, 8

Synchronize

Detect

1

0

0

1

SynchronizedClock Input

2

OSC1

OSC2

Set Flag bitTMR1IF onOverflow

TMR1

TMR1ONTMR1GE

TMR1ONTMR1GE

INTOSC

T1OSCEN

LP

w/o CLKOUT

T1G





PIC12F629/6755.1 Timer1 Modes of OperationTimer1 can operate in one of three modes:

� 16-bit timer with prescaler� 16-bit synchronous counter� 16-bit asynchronous counter

In Timer mode, Timer1 is incremented on everyinstruction cycle. In Counter mode, Timer1 is incre-mented on the rising edge of the external clock inputT1CKI. In addition, the Counter mode clock can besynchronized to the microcontroller system clock orrun asynchronously.

In Counter and Timer modules, the counter/timer clockcan be gated by the T1G input.

If an external clock oscillator is needed (and themicrocontroller is using the INTOSC w/o CLKOUT),Timer1 can use the LP oscillator as a clock source.

5.2 Timer1 InterruptThe Timer1 register pair (TMR1H:TMR1L) incrementsto FFFFh and rolls over to 0000h. When Timer1 rollsover, the Timer1 interrupt flag bit (PIR1<0>) is set. Toenable the interrupt on rollover, you must set these bits:

� Timer1 interrupt Enable bit (PIE1<0>)� PEIE bit (INTCON<6>)� GIE bit (INTCON<7>).

The interrupt is cleared by clearing the TMR1IF in theInterrupt Service Routine.

5.3 Timer1 PrescalerTimer1 has four prescaler options allowing 1, 2, 4, or 8divisions of the clock input. The T1CKPS bits(T1CON<5:4>) control the prescale counter. Theprescale counter is not directly readable or writable;however, the prescaler counter is cleared upon a writeto TMR1H or TMR1L.

FIGURE 5-2: TIMER1 INCREMENTING EDGE

Note: In Counter mode, a falling edge must beregistered by the counter prior to the firstincrementing rising edge.

Note: The TMR1H:TTMR1L register pair and theTMR1IF bit should be cleared beforeenabling interrupts.

T1CKI = 1when TMR1Enabled

T1CKI = 0when TMR1Enabled

Note 1: Arrows indicate counter increments.2: In Counter mode, a falling edge must be registered by the counter prior to the first incrementing rising edge of the

clock.




PIC12F629/675


REGISTER 5-1: T1CON � TIMER1 CONTROL REGISTER (ADDRESS: 10h)

U-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0� TMR1GE T1CKPS1 T1CKPS0 T1OSCEN T1SYNC TMR1CS TMR1ON

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as �0�bit 6 TMR1GE: Timer1 Gate Enable bit

If TMR1ON = 0:This bit is ignoredIf TMR1ON = 1:ï = Timer1 is on if T1G pin is lowð = Timer1 is on

bit 5-4 T1CKPS1:T1CKPS0: Timer1 Input Clock Prescale Select bitsïï = 1:8 Prescale Valueïð = 1:4 Prescale Valueðï = 1:2 Prescale Valueðð = 1:1 Prescale Value

bit 3 T1OSCEN: LP Oscillator Enable Control bitIf INTOSC without CLKOUT oscillator is active:ï = LP oscillator is enabled for Timer1 clockð = LP oscillator is offElse:This bit is ignored

bit 2 T1SYNC: Timer1 External Clock Input Synchronization Control bitTMR1CS = 1:ï = Do not synchronize external clock inputð = Synchronize external clock inputTMR1CS = 0:This bit is ignored. Timer1 uses the internal clock.

bit 1 TMR1CS: Timer1 Clock Source Select bitï = External clock from T1OSO/T1CKI pin (on the rising edge)ð = Internal clock (FOSC/4)

bit 0 TMR1ON: Timer1 On bitï = Enables Timer1ð = Stops Timer1






PIC12F629/6755.4 Timer1 Operation in

Asynchronous Counter ModeIf control bit T1SYNC (T1CON<2>) is set, the externalclock input is not synchronized. The timer continues toincrement asynchronous to the internal phase clocks.The timer will continue to run during SLEEP and cangenerate an interrupt on overflow, which will wake-upthe processor. However, special precautions insoftware are needed to read/write the timer(Section 5.4.1).

5.4.1 READING AND WRITING TIMER1 IN ASYNCHRONOUS COUNTER MODE

Reading TMR1H or TMR1L, while the timer is runningfrom an external asynchronous clock, will ensure avalid read (taken care of in hardware). However, theuser should keep in mind that reading the 16-bit timerin two 8-bit values itself, poses certain problems, sincethe timer may overflow between the reads.

For writes, it is recommended that the user simply stopthe timer and write the desired values. A write conten-tion may occur by writing to the timer registers, whilethe register is incrementing. This may produce anunpredictable value in the timer register.

Reading the 16-bit value requires some care.Examples 12-2 and 12-3 in the PIC® Mid-Range MCUFamily Reference Manual (DS33023) show how toread and write Timer1 when it is running inAsynchronous mode.

5.5 Timer1 OscillatorA crystal oscillator circuit is built-in between pins OSC1(input) and OSC2 (amplifier output). It is enabled bysetting control bit T1OSCEN (T1CON<3>). Theoscillator is a low power oscillator rated up to 37 kHz. Itwill continue to run during SLEEP. It is primarilyintended for a 32 kHz crystal. Table 9-2 shows thecapacitor selection for the Timer1 oscillator.

The Timer1 oscillator is shared with the system LPoscillator. Thus, Timer1 can use this mode only whenthe system clock is derived from the internal oscillator.As with the system LP oscillator, the user must providea software time delay to ensure proper oscillatorstart-up.

While enabled, TRISIO4 and TRISIO5 are set. GP4and GP5 read �0� and TRISIO4 and TRISIO5 are read�1�.

5.6 Timer1 Operation During SLEEPTimer1 can only operate during SLEEP when setup inAsynchronous Counter mode. In this mode, an externalcrystal or clock source can be used to increment thecounter. To setup the timer to wake the device:

� Timer1 must be on (T1CON<0>)� TMR1IE bit (PIE1<0>) must be set� PEIE bit (INTCON<6>) must be set

The device will wake-up on an overflow. If the GIE bit(INTCON<7>) is set, the device will wake-up and jumpto the Interrupt Service Routine on an overflow.

TABLE 5-1: REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH TIMER1 AS A TIMER/COUNTER


Note: The oscillator requires a start-up and stabi-lization time before use. Thus, T1OSCENshould be set and a suitable delayobserved prior to enabling Timer1.


Value on all other RESETS


0Ch PIR1 EEIF ADIF � � CMIF � � TMR1IF ððóó ðóóð ððóó ðóóð

0Eh TMR1L Holding Register for the Least Significant Byte of the 16-bit TMR1 Register ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ «««« ««««

0Fh TMR1H Holding Register for the Most Significant Byte of the 16-bit TMR1 Register ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ «««« ««««

10h T1CON � TMR1GE T1CKPS1 T1CKPS0 T1OSCEN T1SYNC TMR1CS TMR1ON óððð ðððð ó««« ««««

8Ch PIE1 EEIE ADIE � � CMIE � � TMR1IE ððóó ðóóð ððóó ðóóð

Legend: ¨ = unknown, « = unchanged, ó = unimplemented, read as '0'. Shaded cells are not used by the Timer1 module.




PIC12F629/675


NOTES:





PIC12F629/675

6.0 COMPARATOR MODULEThe PIC12F629/675 devices have one analogcomparator. The inputs to the comparator aremultiplexed with the GP0 and GP1 pins. There is anon-chip Comparator Voltage Reference that can also

be applied to an input of the comparator. In addition,GP2 can be configured as the comparator output.The Comparator Control Register (CMCON), shownin Register 6-1, contains the bits to control thecomparator.

REGISTER 6-1: CMCON � COMPARATOR CONTROL REGISTER (ADDRESS: 19h) U-0 R-0 U-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0� COUT � CINV CIS CM2 CM1 CM0

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as �0�bit 6 COUT: Comparator Output bit

When CINV = 0:ï = VIN+ > VIN-ð = VIN+ < VIN-When CINV = 1:ï = VIN+ < VIN-ð = VIN+ > VIN-

bit 5 Unimplemented: Read as �0�bit 4 CINV: Comparator Output Inversion bit

ï = Output invertedð = Output not inverted

bit 3 CIS: Comparator Input Switch bitWhen CM2:CM0 = ïïð or ïðïæï = VIN- connects to CIN+ð = VIN- connects to CIN-

bit 2-0 CM2:CM0: Comparator Mode bitsFigure 6-2 shows the Comparator modes and CM2:CM0 bit settings





PIC12F629/675


6.1 Comparator OperationA single comparator is shown in Figure 6-1, along withthe relationship between the analog input levels andthe digital output. When the analog input at VIN+ is lessthan the analog input VIN-, the output of the comparatoris a digital low level. When the analog input at VIN+ isgreater than the analog input VIN-, the output of thecomparator is a digital high level. The shaded areas ofthe output of the comparator in Figure 6-1 representthe uncertainty due to input offsets and response time.

The polarity of the comparator output can be invertedby setting the CINV bit (CMCON<4>). Clearing CINVresults in a non-inverted output. A complete tableshowing the output state versus input conditions andthe polarity bit is shown in Table 6-1.

TABLE 6-1: OUTPUT STATE VS. INPUT CONDITIONS

FIGURE 6-1: SINGLE COMPARATORNote: To use CIN+ and CIN- pins as analog

inputs, the appropriate bits must beprogrammed in the CMCON (19h) register.

Input Conditions CINV COUT

VIN- > VIN+ ð ð

VIN- < VIN+ ð ï

VIN- > VIN+ ï ï

VIN- < VIN+ ï ð

Output

VIN-

VIN+

Output+

�

VIN+

VIN-

Note: CINV bit (CMCON<4>) is clear.





PIC12F629/6756.2 Comparator ConfigurationThere are eight modes of operation for the comparator.The CMCON register, shown in Register 6-1, is used toselect the mode. Figure 6-2 shows the eight possiblemodes. The TRISIO register controls the data directionof the comparator pins for each mode. If the

Comparator mode is changed, the comparator outputlevel may not be valid for a specified period of time.Refer to the specifications in Section 12.0.

FIGURE 6-2: COMPARATOR I/O OPERATING MODES

Note: Comparator interrupts should be disabledduring a Comparator mode change. Other-wise, a false interrupt may occur.

Comparator Reset (POR Default Value - low power) Comparator Off (Lowest power)CM2:CM0 = ððð CM2:CM0 = ïïï

Comparator without Output Comparator w/o Output and with Internal ReferenceCM2:CM0 = ðïð CM2:CM0 = ïðð

Comparator with Output and Internal Reference Multiplexed Input with Internal Reference and OutputCM2:CM0 = ðïï CM2:CM0 = ïðï

Comparator with Output Multiplexed Input with Internal ReferenceCM2:CM0 = ððï CM2:CM0 = ïïð

A = Analog Input, ports always reads �0�D = Digital InputCIS = Comparator Input Switch (CMCON<3>)

GP1/CIN-

GP0/CIN+ Off (Read as '0')

A

A

GP2/COUT D

GP1/CIN-

GP0/CIN+ Off (Read as '0')

D

D

GP2/COUT D

GP1/CIN-

GP0/CIN+ COUT

A

A

GP2/COUT D

GP1/CIN-

GP0/CIN+ COUT

A

D

GP2/COUT DFrom CVREF Module

GP1/CIN-

GP0/CIN+ COUT

A

D

GP2/COUT D

From CVREF Module

GP1/CIN-

GP0/CIN+ COUT

A

A

GP2/COUT D

From CVREF Module

CIS = 0CIS = 1

GP1/CIN-

GP0/CIN+ COUT

A

A

GP2/COUT D

GP1/CIN-

GP0/CIN+ COUT

A

A

GP2/COUT D

From CVREF Module

CIS = 0CIS = 1




PIC12F629/675


6.3 Analog Input Connection Considerations

A simplified circuit for an analog input is shown inFigure 6-3. Since the analog pins are connected to adigital output, they have reverse biased diodes to VDDand VSS. The analog input, therefore, must be betweenVSS and VDD. If the input voltage deviates from this

range by more than 0.6V in either direction, one of thediodes is forward biased and a latchup may occur. Amaximum source impedance of 10 k isrecommended for the analog sources. Any externalcomponent connected to an analog input pin, such asa capacitor or a Zener diode, should have very littleleakage current.

FIGURE 6-3: ANALOG INPUT MODE

6.4 Comparator OutputThe comparator output, COUT, is read through theCMCON register. This bit is read only. The comparatoroutput may also be directly output to the GP2 pin inthree of the eight possible modes, as shown inFigure 6-2. When in one of these modes, the output onGP2 is asynchronous to the internal clock. Figure 6-4shows the comparator output block diagram.

The TRISIO<2> bit functions as an output enable/disable for the GP2 pin while the comparator is in anOutput mode.

FIGURE 6-4: MODIFIED COMPARATOR OUTPUT BLOCK DIAGRAM

VA

Rs < 10K

AINCPIN5 pF

VDD

VT = 0.6V

VT = 0.6V

RIC

Leakage±500 nA

VssLegend: CPIN = Input Capacitance

VT = Threshold VoltageILEAKAGE = Leakage Current at the pin due to Various JunctionsRIC = Interconnect ResistanceRS = Source ImpedanceVA = Analog Voltage

Note 1: When reading the GPIO register, all pinsconfigured as analog inputs will read as a�0�. Pins configured as digital inputs willconvert an analog input according to theTTL input specification.

2: Analog levels on any pin that is defined asa digital input, may cause the input bufferto consume more current than isspecified.

To GP2/T0CKI pin

RD CMCON

Set CMIF bit

RESET

To Data Bus

CINV

CVREF

D

EN

Q

D

EN

Q

RD CMCON

GP1/CIN-

GP0/CIN+

CM2:CM0





PIC12F629/6756.5 Comparator ReferenceThe comparator module also allows the selection of aninternally generated voltage reference for one of thecomparator inputs. The internal reference signal isused for four of the eight Comparator modes. TheVRCON register, Register 6-2, controls the voltagereference module shown in Figure 6-5.

6.5.1 CONFIGURING THE VOLTAGE REFERENCE

The voltage reference can output 32 distinct voltagelevels, 16 in a high range and 16 in a low range.

The following equations determine the output voltages:

6.5.2 VOLTAGE REFERENCE ACCURACY/ERROR

The full range of VSS to VDD cannot be realized due tothe construction of the module. The transistors on thetop and bottom of the resistor ladder network(Figure 6-5) keep CVREF from approaching VSS orVDD. The Voltage Reference is VDD derived and there-fore, the CVREF output changes with fluctuations inVDD. The tested absolute accuracy of the ComparatorVoltage Reference can be found in Section 12.0.

FIGURE 6-5: COMPARATOR VOLTAGE REFERENCE BLOCK DIAGRAM

6.6 Comparator Response TimeResponse time is the minimum time, after selecting anew reference voltage or input source, before thecomparator output is ensured to have a valid level. Ifthe internal reference is changed, the maximum delayof the internal voltage reference must be consideredwhen using the comparator outputs. Otherwise, themaximum delay of the comparators should be used(Table 12-7).

6.7 Operation During SLEEPBoth the comparator and voltage reference, if enabledbefore entering SLEEP mode, remain active duringSLEEP. This results in higher SLEEP currents thanshown in the power-down specifications. Theadditional current consumed by the comparator and thevoltage reference is shown separately in the specifica-tions. To minimize power consumption while in SLEEPmode, turn off the comparator, CM2:CM0 = ïïï, andvoltage reference, VRCON<7> = 0.

While the comparator is enabled during SLEEP, aninterrupt will wake-up the device. If the device wakesup from SLEEP, the contents of the CMCON andVRCON registers are not affected.

6.8 Effects of a RESETA device RESET forces the CMCON and VRCONregisters to their RESET states. This forces the com-parator module to be in the Comparator Reset mode,CM2:CM0 = ððð and the voltage reference to its offstate. Thus, all potential inputs are analog inputs withthe comparator and voltage reference disabled toconsume the smallest current possible.

VRR = 1 (low range): CVREF = (VR3:VR0 / 24) x VDD

VRR = 0 (high range): CVREF = (VDD / 4) + (VR3:VR0 xVDD / 32)

VRR8R

VR3:VR0

16-1 Analog

8R R R R R

CVREF to

16 Stages

ComparatorInput

VREN

VDD

MUX




PIC12F629/675


REGISTER 6-2: VRCON � VOLTAGE REFERENCE CONTROL REGISTER (ADDRESS: 99h)

6.9 Comparator InterruptsThe comparator interrupt flag is set whenever there isa change in the output value of the comparator.Software will need to maintain information about thestatus of the output bits, as read from CMCON<6>, todetermine the actual change that has occurred. TheCMIF bit, PIR1<3>, is the comparator interrupt flag.This bit must be reset in software by clearing it to �0�.Since it is also possible to write a '1' to this register, asimulated interrupt may be initiated.

The CMIE bit (PIE1<3>) and the PEIE bit(INTCON<6>) must be set to enable the interrupt. Inaddition, the GIE bit must also be set. If any of thesebits are cleared, the interrupt is not enabled, though theCMIF bit will still be set if an interrupt condition occurs.

The user, in the Interrupt Service Routine, can clear theinterrupt in the following manner:

a) Any read or write of CMCON. This will end themismatch condition.

b) Clear flag bit CMIF.

A mismatch condition will continue to set flag bit CMIF.Reading CMCON will end the mismatch condition, andallow flag bit CMIF to be cleared.

TABLE 6-2: REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH COMPARATOR MODULE

R/W-0 U-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0VREN � VRR � VR3 VR2 VR1 VR0

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7 VREN: CVREF Enable bitï = CVREF circuit powered onð = CVREF circuit powered down, no IDD drain

bit 6 Unimplemented: Read as '0'bit 5 VRR: CVREF Range Selection bit

ï = Low rangeð = High range

bit 4 Unimplemented: Read as '0'bit 3-0 VR3:VR0: CVREF value selection 0 VR [3:0] 15

When VRR = 1: CVREF = (VR3:VR0 / 24) * VDDWhen VRR = 0: CVREF = VDD/4 + (VR3:VR0 / 32) * VDD


Note: If a change in the CMCON register (COUT)should occur when a read operation isbeing executed (start of the Q2 cycle), thenthe CMIF (PIR1<3>) interrupt flag may notget set.


Value onall otherRESETS



19h CMCON � COUT � CINV CIS CM2 CM1 CM0 óðóð ðððð óðóð ðððð



99h VRCON VREN � VRR � VR3 VR2 VR1 VR0 ðóðó ðððð ðóðó ðððð

Legend: x = unknown, u = unchanged, - = unimplemented, read as �0�. Shaded cells are not used by the comparator module.





PIC12F629/675

7.0 ANALOG-TO-DIGITAL CONVERTER (A/D) MODULE (PIC12F675 ONLY)

The analog-to-digital converter (A/D) allows conversionof an analog input signal to a 10-bit binary representa-tion of that signal. The PIC12F675 has four analoginputs, multiplexed into one sample and hold circuit.

The output of the sample and hold is connected to theinput of the converter. The converter generates abinary result via successive approximation and storesthe result in a 10-bit register. The voltage referenceused in the conversion is software selectable to eitherVDD or a voltage applied by the VREF pin. Figure 7-1shows the block diagram of the A/D on the PIC12F675.

FIGURE 7-1: A/D BLOCK DIAGRAM

7.1 A/D Configuration and OperationThere are two registers available to control thefunctionality of the A/D module:

1. ADCON0 (Register 7-1)2. ANSEL (Register 7-2)

7.1.1 ANALOG PORT PINS

The ANS3:ANS0 bits (ANSEL<3:0>) and the TRISIObits control the operation of the A/D port pins. Set thecorresponding TRISIO bits to set the pin output driverto its high impedance state. Likewise, set thecorresponding ANS bit to disable the digital inputbuffer.

7.1.2 CHANNEL SELECTION

There are four analog channels on the PIC12F675,AN0 through AN3. The CHS1:CHS0 bits(ADCON0<3:2>) control which channel is connected tothe sample and hold circuit.

7.1.3 VOLTAGE REFERENCE

There are two options for the voltage reference to theA/D converter: either VDD is used, or an analog voltageapplied to VREF is used. The VCFG bit (ADCON0<6>)

controls the voltage reference selection. If VCFG is set,then the voltage on the VREF pin is the reference;otherwise, VDD is the reference.

7.1.4 CONVERSION CLOCK

The A/D conversion cycle requires 11 TAD. The sourceof the conversion clock is software selectable via theADCS bits (ANSEL<6:4>). There are seven possibleclock options:

� FOSC/2� FOSC/4� FOSC/8� FOSC/16� FOSC/32� FOSC/64� FRC (dedicated internal RC oscillator)

For correct conversion, the A/D conversion clock(1/TAD) must be selected to ensure a minimum TAD of1.6 ks. Table 7-1 shows a few TAD calculations forselected frequencies.

GP0/AN0

ADCGP1/AN1/VREF

GP2/AN2

GP4/AN3

VDD

VREF

ADON

GO/DONE

VCFG = 1

VCFG = 0

CHS1:CHS0

ADRESH ADRESL

10

10

ADFM

VSS

Note: Analog voltages on any pin that is definedas a digital input may cause the inputbuffer to conduct excess current.




PIC12F629/675


TABLE 7-1: TAD vs. DEVICE OPERATING FREQUENCIES

7.1.5 STARTING A CONVERSION

The A/D conversion is initiated by setting theGO/DONE bit (ADCON0<1>). When the conversion iscomplete, the A/D module:

� Clears the GO/DONE bit� Sets the ADIF flag (PIR1<6>)� Generates an interrupt (if enabled)

If the conversion must be aborted, the GO/DONE bitcan be cleared in software. The ADRESH:ADRESLregisters will not be updated with the partially completeA/D conversion sample. Instead, theADRESH:ADRESL registers will retain the value of the

previous conversion. After an aborted conversion, a2 TAD delay is required before another acquisition canbe initiated. Following the delay, an input acquisition isautomatically started on the selected channel.

7.1.6 CONVERSION OUTPUT

The A/D conversion can be supplied in two formats: leftor right shifted. The ADFM bit (ADCON0<7>) controlsthe output format. Figure 7-2 shows the output formats.

FIGURE 7-2: 10-BIT A/D RESULT FORMAT

A/D Clock Source (TAD) Device FrequencyOperation ADCS2:ADCS0 20 MHz 5 MHz 4 MHz 1.25 MHz

2 TOSC ððð 100 ns(2) 400 ns(2) 500 ns(2) 1.6 ks4 TOSC ïðð 200 ns(2) 800 ns(2) 1.0 ks(2) 3.2 ks8 TOSC ððï 400 ns(2) 1.6 ks 2.0 ks 6.4 ks16 TOSC ïðï 800 ns(2) 3.2 ks 4.0 ks 12.8 ks(3)

32 TOSC ðïð 1.6 ks 6.4 ks 8.0 ks(3) 25.6 ks(3)

64 TOSC ïïð 3.2 ks 12.8 ks(3) 16.0 ks(3) 51.2 ks(3)

A/D RC ¨ïï 2 - 6 ks(1,4) 2 - 6 ks(1,4) 2 - 6 ks(1,4) 2 - 6 ks(1,4)

Legend:Shaded cells are outside of recommended range.Note 1: The A/D RC source has a typical TAD time of 4 ks for VDD > 3.0V.

2: These values violate the minimum required TAD time.3: For faster conversion times, the selection of another clock source is recommended.4: When the device frequency is greater than 1 MHz, the A/D RC clock source is only recommended if the

conversion will be performed during SLEEP.

Note: The GO/DONE bit should not be set in thesame instruction that turns on the A/D.

ADRESH ADRESL

(ADFM = 0) MSB LSB

Bit 7 Bit 0 Bit 7 Bit 0

10-bit A/D Result Unimplemented: Read as �0�

(ADFM = 1) MSB LSB

Bit 7 Bit 0 Bit 7 Bit 0

Unimplemented: Read as �0 10-bit A/D Result





PIC12F629/675REGISTER 7-1: ADCON0 � A/D CONTROL REGISTER (ADDRESS: 1Fh)

R/W-0 R/W-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0ADFM VCFG � � CHS1 CHS0 GO/DONE ADON

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7 ADFM: A/D Result Formed Select bitï = Right justifiedð = Left justified

bit 6 VCFG: Voltage Reference bitï = VREF pinð = VDD

bit 5-4 Unimplemented: Read as zerobit 3-2 CHS1:CHS0: Analog Channel Select bits

ðð = Channel 00 (AN0)ðï = Channel 01 (AN1)ïð = Channel 02 (AN2)ïï = Channel 03 (AN3)

bit 1 GO/DONE: A/D Conversion Status bitï = A/D conversion cycle in progress. Setting this bit starts an A/D conversion cycle. This bit is automatically cleared by hardware when the A/D conversion has completed.ð = A/D conversion completed/not in progress

bit 0 ADON: A/D Conversion STATUS bitï = A/D converter module is operatingð = A/D converter is shut-off and consumes no operating current





PIC12F629/675


REGISTER 7-2: ANSEL � ANALOG SELECT REGISTER (ADDRESS: 9Fh) U-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1 R/W-1� ADCS2 ADCS1 ADCS0 ANS3 ANS2 ANS1 ANS0

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7 Unimplemented: Read as �0�.bit 6-4 ADCS<2:0>: A/D Conversion Clock Select bits

ððð = FOSC/2ððï = FOSC/8ðïð = FOSC/32¨ïï = FRC (clock derived from a dedicated internal oscillator = 500 kHz max)ïðð = FOSC/4ïðï = FOSC/16ïïð = FOSC/64

bit 3-0 ANS3:ANS0: Analog Select bits (Between analog or digital function on pins AN<3:0>, respectively.)ï = Analog input; pin is assigned as analog input(1)

ð = Digital I/O; pin is assigned to port or special functionNote 1: Setting a pin to an analog input automatically disables the digital input circuitry,

weak pull-ups, and interrupt-on-change. The corresponding TRISIO bit must be setto Input mode in order to allow external control of the voltage on the pin.






PIC12F629/6757.2 A/D Acquisition Requirements For the A/D converter to meet its specified accuracy,the charge holding capacitor (CHOLD) must be allowedto fully charge to the input channel voltage level. Theanalog input model is shown in Figure 7-3. The sourceimpedance (RS) and the internal sampling switch (RSS)impedance directly affect the time required to chargethe capacitor CHOLD. The sampling switch (RSS)impedance varies over the device voltage (VDD), seeFigure 7-3. The maximum recommended imped-ance for analog sources is 10 k . As the impedance

is decreased, the acquisition time may be decreased.After the analog input channel is selected (changed),this acquisition must be done before the conversioncan be started.

To calculate the minimum acquisition time,Equation 7-1 may be used. This equation assumesthat 1/2 LSb error is used (1024 steps for the A/D).The 1/2 LSb error is the maximum error allowed forthe A/D to meet its specified resolution.

To calculate the minimum acquisition time, TACQ, seethe PIC® Mid-Range Reference Manual (DS33023).

EQUATION 7-1: ACQUISITION TIME

FIGURE 7-3: ANALOG INPUT MODEL

TACQ

TC

TACQ

=

=======

Amplifier Settling Time +Hold Capacitor Charging Time +Temperature Coefficient

TAMP + TC + TCOFF2ks + TC + [(Temperature -25°C)(0.05ks/°C)] CHOLD (RIC + RSS + RS) In(1/2047)- 120pF (1k + 7k + 10k ) In(0.0004885)16.47ks2ks + 16.47ks + [(50°C -25pC)(0.05ks/pC)19.72ks

Note 1: The reference voltage (VREF) has no effect on the equation, since it cancels itself out.

2: The charge holding capacitor (CHOLD) is not discharged after each conversion.

3: The maximum recommended impedance for analog sources is 10 k . This is required to meet the pin leakage specification.

CPINVA

RS ANx

5 pF

VDD

VT = 0.6V

VT = 0.6V I LEAKAGE

RIC 1K

SamplingSwitchSS RSS

CHOLD= DAC capacitance

VSS

6V

Sampling Switch

5V4V3V2V

5 6 7 8 9 10 11

(k )

VDD

= 120 pF± 500 nA

Legend CPINVTI LEAKAGE

RICSSCHOLD

= input capacitance= threshold voltage= leakage current at the pin due to

= interconnect resistance= sampling switch= sample/hold capacitance (from DAC)

various junctions




PIC12F629/675


7.3 A/D Operation During SLEEPThe A/D converter module can operate during SLEEP.This requires the A/D clock source to be set to theinternal RC oscillator. When the RC clock source isselected, the A/D waits one instruction before startingthe conversion. This allows the ÍÔÛÛÐ instruction to beexecuted, thus eliminating much of the switching noisefrom the conversion. When the conversion is complete,the GO/DONE bit is cleared, and the result is loadedinto the ADRESH:ADRESL registers. If the A/Dinterrupt is enabled, the device awakens from SLEEP.If the A/D interrupt is not enabled, the A/D module isturned off, although the ADON bit remains set.

When the A/D clock source is something other thanRC, a ÍÔÛÛÐ instruction causes the present conversionto be aborted, and the A/D module is turned off. TheADON bit remains set.

7.4 Effects of RESETA device RESET forces all registers to their RESETstate. Thus the A/D module is turned off and anypending conversion is aborted. The ADRESH:ADRESLregisters are unchanged.

TABLE 7-2: SUMMARY OF A/D REGISTERS

Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0Value on:

POR,BOD

Value on all other RESETS

05h GPIO � � GPIO5 GPIO4 GPIO3 GPIO2 GPIO1 GPIO0 óó¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ óó«« ««««

0Bh, 8Bh INTCON GIE PEIE T0IE INTE GPIE T0IF INTF GPIF ðððð ðððð ðððð ððð«


1Eh ADRESH Most Significant 8 bits of the Left Shifted A/D result or 2 bits of the Right Shifted Result ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ «««« ««««

1Fh ADCON0 ADFM VCFG � � CHS1 CHS0 GO ADON ððóó ðððð ððóó ðððð



9Eh ADRESL Least Significant 2 bits of the Left Shifted A/D Result or 8 bits of the Right Shifted Result ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ «««« ««««

9Fh ANSEL � ADCS2 ADCS1 ADCS0 ANS3 ANS2 ANS1 ANS0 óððð ïïïï óððð ïïïï

Legend: ¨ = unknown, « = unchanged, ó = unimplemented read as '0'. Shaded cells are not used for A/D converter module.





PIC12F629/675

8.0 DATA EEPROM MEMORYThe EEPROM data memory is readable and writableduring normal operation (full VDD range). This memoryis not directly mapped in the register file space.Instead, it is indirectly addressed through the SpecialFunction Registers. There are four SFRs used to readand write this memory:

� EECON1� EECON2 (not a physically implemented register)� EEDATA� EEADR

EEDATA holds the 8-bit data for read/write, andEEADR holds the address of the EEPROM locationbeing accessed. PIC12F629/675 devices have 128bytes of data EEPROM with an address range from 0hto 7Fh.

The EEPROM data memory allows byte read and write.A byte write automatically erases the location andwrites the new data (erase before write). The EEPROMdata memory is rated for high erase/write cycles. Thewrite time is controlled by an on-chip timer. The writetime will vary with voltage and temperature as well asfrom chip to chip. Please refer to AC Specifications forexact limits.

When the data memory is code protected, the CPUmay continue to read and write the data EEPROMmemory. The device programmer can no longer accessthis memory.

Additional information on the Data EEPROM isavailable in the PIC® Mid-Range Reference Manual,(DS33023).

REGISTER 8-1: EEDAT � EEPROM DATA REGISTER (ADDRESS: 9Ah)

REGISTER 8-2: EEADR � EEPROM ADDRESS REGISTER (ADDRESS: 9Bh)

R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0EEDAT7 EEDAT6 EEDAT5 EEDAT4 EEDAT3 EEDAT2 EEDAT1 EEDAT0

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7-0 EEDATn: Byte value to write to or read from Data EEPROM


U-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0 R/W-0� EADR6 EADR5 EADR4 EADR3 EADR2 EADR1 EADR0

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7 Unimplemented: Should be set to '0'bit 6-0 EEADR: Specifies one of 128 locations for EEPROM Read/Write Operation





PIC12F629/675


8.1 EEADR The EEADR register can address up to a maximum of128 bytes of data EEPROM. Only seven of the eightbits in the register (EEADR<6:0>) are required. TheMSb (bit 7) is ignored.

The upper bit should always be �0� to remain upwardcompatible with devices that have more data EEPROMmemory.

8.2 EECON1 AND EECON2 REGISTERS

EECON1 is the control register with four low order bitsphysically implemented. The upper four bits are non-implemented and read as '0's.

Control bits RD and WR initiate read and write,respectively. These bits cannot be cleared, only set, insoftware. They are cleared in hardware at completion

of the read or write operation. The inability to clear theWR bit in software prevents the accidental, prematuretermination of a write operation.

The WREN bit, when set, will allow a write operation.On power-up, the WREN bit is clear. The WRERR bit isset when a write operation is interrupted by a MCLRReset, or a WDT Time-out Reset during normal opera-tion. In these situations, following RESET, the user cancheck the WRERR bit, clear it, and rewrite the location.The data and address will be cleared, therefore, theEEDATA and EEADR registers will need to be re-initialized.

Interrupt flag bit EEIF in the PIR1 register is set whenwrite is complete. This bit must be cleared in software.

EECON2 is not a physical register. Reading EECON2will read all '0's. The EECON2 register is usedexclusively in the Data EEPROM write sequence.

REGISTER 8-3: EECON1 � EEPROM CONTROL REGISTER (ADDRESS: 9Ch) U-0 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/W-x R/W-0 R/S-0 R/S-0� � � � WRERR WREN WR RD

bit 7 bit 0

bit 7-4 Unimplemented: Read as �0�bit 3 WRERR: EEPROM Error Flag bit

ï =A write operation is prematurely terminated (any MCLR Reset, any WDT Reset during normal operation or BOD detect)

ð =The write operation completedbit 2 WREN: EEPROM Write Enable bit

ï = Allows write cyclesð = Inhibits write to the data EEPROM

bit 1 WR: Write Control bitï = Initiates a write cycle (The bit is cleared by hardware once write is complete. The WR bit

can only be set, not cleared, in software.)ð = Write cycle to the data EEPROM is complete

bit 0 RD: Read Control bitï = Initiates an EEPROM read (Read takes one cycle. RD is cleared in hardware. The RD bit

can only be set, not cleared, in software).ð = Does not initiate an EEPROM read

Legend:S = Bit can only be set

R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as �0�- n = Value at POR �1� = Bit is set �0� = Bit is cleared x = Bit is unknown





PIC12F629/6758.3 READING THE EEPROM DATA

MEMORYTo read a data memory location, the user must writethe address to the EEADR register and then set con-trol bit RD (EECON1<0>), as shown in Example 8-1.The data is available, in the very next cycle, in theEEDATA register. Therefore, it can be read in the nextinstruction. EEDATA holds this value until anotherread, or until it is written to by the user (during a writeoperation).

EXAMPLE 8-1: DATA EEPROM READ

8.4 WRITING TO THE EEPROM DATA MEMORY

To write an EEPROM data location, the user must firstwrite the address to the EEADR register and the datato the EEDATA register. Then the user must follow aspecific sequence to initiate the write for each byte, asshown in Example 8-2.

EXAMPLE 8-2: DATA EEPROM WRITE

The write will not initiate if the above sequence is notexactly followed (write 55h to EECON2, write AAh toEECON2, then set WR bit) for each byte. We stronglyrecommend that interrupts be disabled during thiscode segment. A cycle count is executed during therequired sequence. Any number that is not equal to therequired cycles to execute the required sequence willprevent the data from being written into the EEPROM.

Additionally, the WREN bit in EECON1 must be set toenable write. This mechanism prevents accidentalwrites to data EEPROM due to errant (unexpected)code execution (i.e., lost programs). The user shouldkeep the WREN bit clear at all times, except whenupdating EEPROM. The WREN bit is not clearedby hardware.

After a write sequence has been initiated, clearing theWREN bit will not affect this write cycle. The WR bit willbe inhibited from being set unless the WREN bit is set.

At the completion of the write cycle, the WR bit iscleared in hardware and the EE Write CompleteInterrupt Flag bit (EEIF) is set. The user can eitherenable this interrupt or poll this bit. The EEIF bit(PIR<7>) register must be cleared by software.

8.5 WRITE VERIFYDepending on the application, good programmingpractice may dictate that the value written to the DataEEPROM should be verified (see Example 8-3) to thedesired value to be written.

EXAMPLE 8-3: WRITE VERIFY

8.5.1 USING THE DATA EEPROM

The Data EEPROM is a high-endurance, byte addres-sable array that has been optimized for the storage offrequently changing information (e.g., programvariables or other data that are updated often).Frequently changing values will typically be updatedmore often than specifications D120 or D120A. If this isnot the case, an array refresh must be performed. Forthis reason, variables that change infrequently (such asconstants, IDs, calibration, etc.) should be stored inFLASH program memory.

8.6 PROTECTION AGAINST SPURIOUS WRITE

There are conditions when the device may not want towrite to the data EEPROM memory. To protect againstspurious EEPROM writes, various mechanisms havebeen built in. On power-up, WREN is cleared. Also, thePower-up Timer (72 ms duration) preventsEEPROM write.

The write initiate sequence and the WREN bit togetherhelp prevent an accidental write during:

� brown-out� power glitch� software malfunction


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PIC12F629/675


8.7 DATA EEPROM OPERATION DURING CODE PROTECT

Data memory can be code protected by programmingthe CPD bit to �0�.

When the data memory is code protected, the CPU isable to read and write data to the Data EEPROM. It isrecommended to code protect the program memorywhen code protecting data memory. This preventsanyone from programming zeroes over the existingcode (which will execute as ÒÑÐs) to reach an addedroutine, programmed in unused program memory,which outputs the contents of data memory.Programming unused locations to �0� will also helpprevent data memory code protection from becomingbreached.

TABLE 8-1: REGISTERS/BITS ASSOCIATED WITH DATA EEPROM

Address Name Bit 7 Bit 6 Bit 5 Bit 4 Bit 3 Bit 2 Bit 1 Bit 0 Value on POR, BOD

Value on all other

RESETS


9Ah EEDATA EEPROM Data Register ðððð ðððð ðððð ðððð

9Bh EEADR � EEPROM Address Register óððð ðððð óððð ðððð

9Ch EECON1 � � � � WRERR WREN WR RD óóóó ¨ððð óóóó ¯ððð

9Dh EECON2(1) EEPROM Control Register 2 óóóó óóóó óóóó óóóó

Legend: ¨ = unknown, « = unchanged, - = unimplemented read as '0', ¯ = value depends upon condition. Shaded cells are not used by Data EEPROM module.

Note 1: EECON2 is not a physical register.





PIC12F629/675

9.0 SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE CPU

Certain special circuits that deal with the needs of realtime applications are what sets a microcontroller apartfrom other processors. The PIC12F629/675 family hasa host of such features intended to:

� maximize system reliability� minimize cost through elimination of external

components� provide power saving operating modes and offer

code protection

These features are:

� Oscillator selection� RESET

- Power-on Reset (POR)- Power-up Timer (PWRT)- Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST)- Brown-out Detect (BOD)

� Interrupts� Watchdog Timer (WDT)� SLEEP� Code protection� ID Locations� In-Circuit Serial Programming

The PIC12F629/675 has a Watchdog Timer that iscontrolled by configuration bits. It runs off its own RCoscillator for added reliability. There are two timers thatoffer necessary delays on power-up. One is theOscillator Start-up Timer (OST), intended to keep thechip in RESET until the crystal oscillator is stable. Theother is the Power-up Timer (PWRT), which provides afixed delay of 72 ms (nominal) on power-up only,designed to keep the part in RESET while the powersupply stabilizes. There is also circuitry to reset thedevice if a brown-out occurs, which can provide at leasta 72 ms RESET. With these three functions on-chip,most applications need no external RESET circuitry.

The SLEEP mode is designed to offer a very lowcurrent Power-down mode. The user can wake-up fromSLEEP through:

� External RESET� Watchdog Timer wake-up� An interrupt

Several oscillator options are also made available toallow the part to fit the application. The INTOSC optionsaves system cost while the LP crystal option savespower. A set of configuration bits are used to selectvarious options (see Register 9-1).




PIC12F629/675


9.1 Configuration BitsThe configuration bits can be programmed (read as '0'),or left unprogrammed (read as '1') to select variousdevice configurations, as shown in Register 9-1. Thesebits are mapped in program memory location 2007h.

REGISTER 9-1: CONFIG � CONFIGURATION WORD (ADDRESS: 2007h)

Note: Address 2007h is beyond the user programmemory space. It belongs to the special con-figuration memory space (2000h - 3FFFh),which can be accessed only during program-ming. See PIC12F629/675 ProgrammingSpecification for more information.

R/P-1 R/P-1 U-0 U-0 U-0 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1 R/P-1

BG1 BG0 � � � CPD CP BODEN MCLRE PWRTE WDTE F0SC2 F0SC1 F0SC0bit 13 bit 0

bit 13-12 BG1:BG0: Bandgap Calibration bits for BOD and POR voltage(1)

ðð = Lowest bandgap voltageïï = Highest bandgap voltage

bit 11-9 Unimplemented: Read as �0�bit 8 CPD: Data Code Protection bit(2)

ï = Data memory code protection is disabledð = Data memory code protection is enabled

bit 7 CP: Code Protection bit(3)

ï = Program Memory code protection is disabledð = Program Memory code protection is enabled

bit 6 BODEN: Brown-out Detect Enable bit(4)

ï = BOD enabledð = BOD disabled

bit 5 MCLRE: GP3/MCLR pin function select(5)

ï = GP3/MCLR pin function is MCLR ð = GP3/MCLR pin function is digital I/O, MCLR internally tied to VDD

bit 4 PWRTE: Power-up Timer Enable bit ï = PWRT disabledð = PWRT enabled

bit 3 WDTE: Watchdog Timer Enable bitï = WDT enabledð = WDT disabled

bit 2-0 FOSC2:FOSC0: Oscillator Selection bitsïïï = RC oscillator: CLKOUT function on GP4/OSC2/CLKOUT pin, RC on GP5/OSC1/CLKIN ïïð = RC oscillator: I/O function on GP4/OSC2/CLKOUT pin, RC on GP5/OSC1/CLKINïðï = INTOSC oscillator: CLKOUT function on GP4/OSC2/CLKOUT pin, I/O function on GP5/OSC1/CLKINïðð = INTOSC oscillator: I/O function on GP4/OSC2/CLKOUT pin, I/O function on GP5/OSC1/CLKINðïï = EC: I/O function on GP4/OSC2/CLKOUT pin, CLKIN on GP5/OSC1/CLKINðïð = HS oscillator: High speed crystal/resonator on GP4/OSC2/CLKOUT and GP5/OSC1/CLKINððï = XT oscillator: Crystal/resonator on GP4/OSC2/CLKOUT and GP5/OSC1/CLKINððð = LP oscillator: Low power crystal on GP4/OSC2/CLKOUT and GP5/OSC1/CLKINNote 1: The Bandgap Calibration bits are factory programmed and must be read and saved prior to erasing

the device as specified in the PIC12F629/675 Programming Specification. These bits are reflected in an export of the configuration word. Microchip Development Tools maintain all calibration bits to factory settings.

2: The entire data EEPROM will be erased when the code protection is turned off.3: The entire program memory will be erased, including OSCCAL value, when the code protection is

turned off.4: Enabling Brown-out Detect does not automatically enable Power-up Timer.5: When MCLR is asserted in INTOSC or RC mode, the internal clock oscillator is disabled.

Legend:P = Programmed using ICSP

R = Readable bit W = Writable bit U = Unimplemented bit, read as �0�-n = Value at POR 1 = bit is set 0 = bit is cleared x = bit is unknown





PIC12F629/6759.2 Oscillator Configurations

9.2.1 OSCILLATOR TYPES

The PIC12F629/675 can be operated in eight differentoscillator option modes. The user can program threeconfiguration bits (FOSC2 through FOSC0) to selectone of these eight modes:

� LP Low Power Crystal� XT Crystal/Resonator� HS High Speed Crystal/Resonator� RC External Resistor/Capacitor (2 modes)� INTOSC Internal Oscillator (2 modes)� EC External Clock In

9.2.2 CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR / CERAMIC RESONATORS

In XT, LP or HS modes a crystal or ceramic resonatoris connected to the OSC1 and OSC2 pins to establishoscillation (see Figure 9-1). The PIC12F629/675oscillator design requires the use of a parallel cutcrystal. Use of a series cut crystal may yield afrequency outside of the crystal manufacturersspecifications. When in XT, LP or HS modes, thedevice can have an external clock source to drive theOSC1 pin (see Figure 9-2).

FIGURE 9-1: CRYSTAL OPERATION (OR CERAMIC RESONATOR) HS, XT OR LP OSC CONFIGURATION

FIGURE 9-2: EXTERNAL CLOCK INPUT OPERATION (HS, XT, EC, OR LP OSC CONFIGURATION)

TABLE 9-1: CAPACITOR SELECTION FOR CERAMIC RESONATORS

TABLE 9-2: CAPACITOR SELECTION FOR CRYSTAL OSCILLATOR

Note: Additional information on oscillator config-urations is available in the PIC® Mid-Range Reference Manual, (DS33023).

Note 1: See Table 9-1 and Table 9-2 for recommended values of C1 and C2.

2: A series resistor may be required for AT strip cut crystals.

3: RF varies with the Oscillator mode selected (Approx. value = 10 M

C1(1)

C2(1)

XTAL

OSC2

OSC1

RF(3) SLEEP

To Internal

PIC12F629/675

Logic

RS(2)

Ranges Characterized:

Mode Freq OSC1(C1) OSC2(C2)

XT 455 kHz2.0 MHz4.0 MHz

68 - 100 pF15 - 68 pF15 - 68 pF

68 - 100 pF15 - 68 pF15 - 68 pF

HS 8.0 MHz16.0 MHz

10 - 68 pF10 - 22 pF

10 - 68 pF10 - 22 pF

Note 1: Higher capacitance increases the stability of the oscillator but also increases the start-up time. These values are for design guidance only. Since each resonator has its own characteristics, the user should consult the resonator manufacturer for appropriate values of external components.

Mode Freq OSC1(C1) OSC2(C2)

LP 32 kHz 68 - 100 pF 68 - 100 pF

XT 100 kHz2 MHz4 MHz

68 - 150 pF15 - 30 pF15 - 30 pF

150 - 200 pF15 - 30 pF15 - 30 pF

HS 8 MHz10 MHz20 MHz

15 - 30 pF15 - 30 pF15 - 30 pF

15 - 30 pF15 - 30 pF15 - 30 pF

Note 1: Higher capacitance increases the stability of the oscillator but also increases the start-up time. These values are for design guidance only. Rs may be required in HS mode as well as XT mode to avoid overdriving crystals with low drive level specification. Since each crystal has its own characteristics, the user should consult the crystal manufacturer for appropriate values of external components.

Clock fromExternal System

PIC12F629/675

OSC1

OSC2(1)Open

Note 1: Functions as GP4 in EC Osc mode.




PIC12F629/675


9.2.3 EXTERNAL CLOCK IN

For applications where a clock is already availableelsewhere, users may directly drive the PIC12F629/675 provided that this external clock source meets theAC/DC timing requirements listed in Section 12.0.Figure 9-2 shows how an external clock circuit shouldbe configured.

9.2.4 RC OSCILLATOR

For applications where precise timing is not a require-ment, the RC oscillator option is available. The opera-tion and functionality of the RC oscillator is dependentupon a number of variables. The RC oscillatorfrequency is a function of:

� Supply voltage� Resistor (REXT) and capacitor (CEXT) values� Operating temperature.

The oscillator frequency will vary from unit to unit dueto normal process parameter variation. The differencein lead frame capacitance between package types willalso affect the oscillation frequency, especially for lowCEXT values. The user also needs to account for thetolerance of the external R and C components.Figure 9-3 shows how the R/C combination isconnected.

Two options are available for this Oscillator modewhich allow GP4 to be used as a general purpose I/Oor to output FOSC/4.

FIGURE 9-3: RC OSCILLATOR MODE

9.2.5 INTERNAL 4 MHZ OSCILLATOR

When calibrated, the internal oscillator provides a fixed4 MHz (nominal) system clock. See ElectricalSpecifications, Section 12.0, for information onvariation over voltage and temperature.

Two options are available for this Oscillator modewhich allow GP4 to be used as a general purpose I/Oor to output FOSC/4.

9.2.5.1 Calibrating the Internal OscillatorA calibration instruction is programmed into the lastlocation of program memory. This instruction is aÎÛÌÔÉ ÈÈ, where the literal is the calibration value.The literal is placed in the OSCCAL register to set thecalibration of the internal oscillator. Example 9-1demonstrates how to calibrate the internal oscillator.For best operation, decouple (with capacitance) VDDand VSS as close to the device as possible.

EXAMPLE 9-1: CALIBRATING THE INTERNAL OSCILLATOR

9.2.6 CLKOUT

The PIC12F629/675 devices can be configured toprovide a clock out signal in the INTOSC and RCoscillator modes. When configured, the oscillatorfrequency divided by four (FOSC/4) is output on theGP4/OSC2/CLKOUT pin. FOSC/4 can be used for testpurposes or to synchronize other logic.

GP4/OSC2/CLKOUT

CEXT

VDD

REXT

VSS

PIC12F629/675

GP5/OSC1/

FOSC/4

InternalClockCLKIN

Note: Erasing the device will also erase the pre-programmed internal calibration value forthe internal oscillator. The calibration valuemust be saved prior to erasing part asspecified in the PIC12F629/675 Program-ming specification. Microchip Develop-ment Tools maintain all calibration bits tofactory settings.

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PIC12F629/6759.3 RESETThe PIC12F629/675 differentiates between variouskinds of RESET:

a) Power-on Reset (POR) b) WDT Reset during normal operationc) WDT Reset during SLEEP d) MCLR Reset during normal operatione) MCLR Reset during SLEEPf) Brown-out Detect (BOD)

Some registers are not affected in any RESETcondition; their status is unknown on POR andunchanged in any other RESET. Most other registersare reset to a �RESET state� on:

� Power-on Reset� MCLR Reset� WDT Reset� WDT Reset during SLEEP� Brown-out Detect (BOD) Reset

They are not affected by a WDT wake-up, since this isviewed as the resumption of normal operation. TO andPD bits are set or cleared differently in different RESETsituations as indicated in Table 9-4. These bits areused in software to determine the nature of the RESET.See Table 9-7 for a full description of RESET states ofall registers.

A simplified block diagram of the On-Chip Reset Circuitis shown in Figure 9-4.

The MCLR Reset path has a noise filter to detect andignore small pulses. See Table 12-4 in ElectricalSpecifications Section for pulse width specification.

FIGURE 9-4: SIMPLIFIED BLOCK DIAGRAM OF ON-CHIP RESET CIRCUIT

S

R Q

ExternalReset

MCLR/

VDD

OSC1/

WDTModule

VDD RiseDetect

OST/PWRT

On-chip(1)

RC OSC

WDTTime-out

Power-on Reset

OST

PWRT

Chip_Reset

10-bit Ripple Counter

Reset

Enable OST

Enable PWRT

SLEEP

See Table 9-3 for time-out situations.

Note 1: This is a separate oscillator from the INTOSC/EC oscillator.

Brown-outDetect

BODEN

CLKINpin

VPP pin

10-bit Ripple Counter

Q




PIC12F629/675


9.3.1 MCLR

PIC12F629/675 devices have a noise filter in theMCLR Reset path. The filter will detect and ignoresmall pulses.

It should be noted that a WDT Reset does not driveMCLR pin low.

The behavior of the ESD protection on the MCLR pinhas been altered from previous devices of this family.Voltages applied to the pin that exceed its specificationcan result in both MCLR Resets and excessive currentbeyond the device specification during the ESD event.For this reason, Microchip recommends that the MCLRpin no longer be tied directly to VDD. The use of an RCnetwork, as shown in Figure 9-5, is suggested.

An internal MCLR option is enabled by setting theMCLRE bit in the configuration word. When enabled,MCLR is internally tied to VDD. No internal pull-upoption is available for the MCLR pin.

FIGURE 9-5: RECOMMENDED MCLR CIRCUIT

9.3.2 POWER-ON RESET (POR)

The on-chip POR circuit holds the chip in RESET untilVDD has reached a high enough level for properoperation. To take advantage of the POR, simply tie theMCLR pin through a resistor to VDD. This will eliminateexternal RC components usually needed to createPower-on Reset. A maximum rise time for VDD isrequired. See Electrical Specifications for details (seeSection 12.0). If the BOD is enabled, the maximum risetime specification does not apply. The BOD circuitry willkeep the device in RESET until VDD reaches VBOD (seeSection 9.3.5).

When the device starts normal operation (exits theRESET condition), device operating parameters (i.e.,voltage, frequency, temperature, etc.) must be met toensure operation. If these conditions are not met, thedevice must be held in RESET until the operatingconditions are met.

For additional information, refer to Application NoteAN607 �Power-up Trouble Shooting�.

9.3.3 POWER-UP TIMER (PWRT)

The Power-up Timer provides a fixed 72 ms (nominal)time-out on power-up only, from POR or Brown-outDetect. The Power-up Timer operates on an internalRC oscillator. The chip is kept in RESET as long asPWRT is active. The PWRT delay allows the VDD torise to an acceptable level. A configuration bit, PWRTEcan disable (if set) or enable (if cleared orprogrammed) the Power-up Timer. The Power-upTimer should always be enabled when Brown-outDetect is enabled.

The Power-up Time delay will vary from chip to chipand due to:

� VDD variation� Temperature variation� Process variation.

See DC parameters for details (Section 12.0).

9.3.4 OSCILLATOR START-UP TIMER (OST)

The Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) provides a 1024oscillator cycle (from OSC1 input) delay after thePWRT delay is over. This ensures that the crystaloscillator or resonator has started and stabilized.

The OST time-out is invoked only for XT, LP and HSmodes and only on Power-on Reset or wake-up fromSLEEP.

Note: The POR circuit does not produce aninternal RESET when VDD declines.

VDD PIC12F629/675

MCLR

R11 k or greater÷

C10.1 kf(optional, not critical)





PIC12F629/6759.3.5 BROWN-OUT DETECT (BOD)

The PIC12F629/675 members have on-chip Brown-outDetect circuitry. A configuration bit, BODEN, candisable (if clear/programmed) or enable (if set) theBrown-out Detect circuitry. If VDD falls below VBOD forgreater than parameter (TBOD) in Table 12-4 (seeSection 12.0), the Brown-out situation will reset thedevice. This will occur regardless of VDD slew-rate. ARESET is not guaranteed to occur if VDD falls belowVBOD for less than parameter (TBOD).

On any RESET (Power-on, Brown-out, Watchdog,etc.), the chip will remain in RESET until VDD risesabove BVDD (see Figure 9-6). The Power-up Timer willnow be invoked, if enabled, and will keep the chip inRESET an additional 72 ms.

If VDD drops below BVDD while the Power-up Timer isrunning, the chip will go back into a Brown-out Detectand the Power-up Timer will be re-initialized. Once VDDrises above BVDD, the Power-up Timer will execute a72 ms RESET.

FIGURE 9-6: BROWN-OUT SITUATIONS

9.3.6 TIME-OUT SEQUENCE

On power-up, the time-out sequence is as follows: first,PWRT time-out is invoked after POR has expired.Then, OST is activated. The total time-out will varybased on oscillator configuration and PWRTE bitstatus. For example, in EC mode with PWRTE biterased (PWRT disabled), there will be no time-out atall. Figure 9-7, Figure 9-8 and Figure 9-9 depict time-out sequences.

Since the time-outs occur from the POR pulse, if MCLRis kept low long enough, the time-outs will expire. Thenbringing MCLR high will begin execution immediately(see Figure 9-8). This is useful for testing purposes orto synchronize more than one PIC12F629/675 deviceoperating in parallel.

Table 9-6 shows the RESET conditions for somespecial registers, while Table 9-7 shows the RESETconditions for all the registers.

9.3.7 POWER CONTROL (PCON) STATUS REGISTER

The power CONTROL/STATUS register, PCON(address 8Eh) has two bits.

Bit0 is BOD (Brown-out). BOD is unknown on Power-on Reset. It must then be set by the user and checkedon subsequent RESETS to see if BOD = 0, indicatingthat a brown-out has occurred. The BOD STATUS bit isa don�t care and is not necessarily predictable if thebrown-out circuit is disabled (by setting BODEN bit = 0in the Configuration word).

Bit1 is POR (Power-on Reset). It is a �0� on Power-onReset and unaffected otherwise. The user must write a�1� to this bit following a Power-on Reset. On asubsequent RESET, if POR is �0�, it will indicate that aPower-on Reset must have occurred (i.e., VDD mayhave gone too low).

Note: A Brown-out Detect does not enable thePower-up Timer if the PWRTE bit in theconfiguration word is set.

72 ms(1)

VBOD VDD

InternalRESET

VBOD VDD

InternalRESET 72 ms(1)

<72 ms

72 ms(1)

VBOD VDD

InternalRESET

Note 1: 72 ms delay only if PWRTE bit is programmed to �0�.




PIC12F629/675


TABLE 9-3: TIME-OUT IN VARIOUS SITUATIONS

TABLE 9-4: STATUS/PCON BITS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE

TABLE 9-5: SUMMARY OF REGISTERS ASSOCIATED WITH BROWN-OUT

TABLE 9-6: INITIALIZATION CONDITION FOR SPECIAL REGISTERS

Oscillator ConfigurationPower-up Brown-out Detect Wake-up

from SLEEPPWRTE = 0 PWRTE = 1 PWRTE = 0 PWRTE = 1

XT, HS, LP TPWRT + 1024�TOSC

1024�TOSC TPWRT + 1024�TOSC

1024�TOSC 1024�TOSC

RC, EC, INTOSC TPWRT � TPWRT � �

POR BOD TO PD

ð « ï ï Power-on Reset

ï ð ï ï Brown-out Detect

« « ð « WDT Reset

« « ð ð WDT Wake-up

« « « « MCLR Reset during normal operation

« « ï ð MCLR Reset during SLEEP

Legend: u = unchanged, x = unknown


Value on all other

RESETS(1)

03h STATUS IRP RP1 RPO TO PD Z DC C ðððï ï¨¨¨ ððð¯ ¯«««

8Eh PCON � � � � � � POR BOD óóóó óóð¨ óóóó óó«¯

Legend:« = unchanged, ¨ = unknown, ó = unimplemented bit, reads as �0�, ¯ = value depends on condition.Note 1: Other (non Power-up) Resets include MCLR Reset, Brown-out Detect and Watchdog Timer Reset during

normal operation.

Condition ProgramCounter

STATUSRegister

PCONRegister

Power-on Reset 000h ðððï ï¨¨¨ óóóó óóð¨

MCLR Reset during normal operation 000h ððð« «««« óóóó óó««

MCLR Reset during SLEEP 000h ðððï ð««« óóóó óó««

WDT Reset 000h ðððð «««« óóóó óó««

WDT Wake-up PC + 1 «««ð ð««« óóóó óó««

Brown-out Detect 000h ðððï ï««« óóóó óóïð

Interrupt Wake-up from SLEEP PC + 1(1) «««ï ð««« óóóó óó««

Legend:« = unchanged, ¨ = unknown, ó = unimplemented bit, reads as �0�.Note 1: When the wake-up is due to an interrupt and global enable bit GIE is set, the PC is loaded with the

interrupt vector (0004h) after execution of PC+1.





PIC12F629/675TABLE 9-7: INITIALIZATION CONDITION FOR REGISTERS

Register Address Power-on Reset

� MCLR Reset during normal operation

� MCLR Reset during SLEEP � WDT Reset� Brown-out Detect(1)

� Wake-up from SLEEP through interrupt

� Wake-up from SLEEP through WDT time-out

W � ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ «««« «««« «««« ««««

INDF 00h/80h � � �

TMR0 01h ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ «««« «««« «««« ««««

PCL 02h/82h ðððð ðððð ðððð ðððð ÐÝ õ ï(3)

STATUS 03h/83h ðððï ï¨¨¨ ððð¯ ¯«««(4) «««¯ ¯«««(4)

FSR 04h/84h ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ «««« «««« «««« ««««

GPIO 05h óó¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ óó«« «««« óó«« ««««

PCLATH 0Ah/8Ah óóóð ðððð óóóð ðððð óóó« ««««

INTCON 0Bh/8Bh ðððð ðððð ðððð ððð« «««« ««¯¯(2)

PIR1 0Ch ððóó ðóóð ððóó ðóóð ¯¯óó ¯óó¯(2,5)

T1CON 10h óððð ðððð ó««« «««« ó««« ««««

CMCON 19h óðóð ðððð óðóð ðððð ó«ó« ««««

ADRESH 1Eh ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ «««« «««« «««« ««««

ADCON0 1Fh ððóó ðððð ððóó ðððð ««óó ««««

OPTION_REG 81h ïïïï ïïïï ïïïï ïïïï «««« ««««

TRISIO 85h óóïï ïïïï óóïï ïïïï óó«« ««««

PIE1 8Ch ððóó ðóóð ððóó ðóóð ««óó «óó«

PCON 8Eh óóóó óóð¨ óóóó óó««(1,6) óóóó óó««

OSCCAL 90h ïððð ððóó ïððð ððóó «««« ««óó

WPU 95h óóïï óïïï óóïï óïïï «««« ««««

IOC 96h óóðð ðððð óóðð ðððð óó«« ««««

VRCON 99h ðóðó ðððð ðóðó ðððð «ó«ó ««««

EEDATA 9Ah ðððð ðððð ðððð ðððð «««« ««««

EEADR 9Bh óððð ðððð óððð ðððð ó««« ««««

EECON1 9Ch óóóó ¨ððð óóóó ¯ððð óóóó ««««

EECON2 9Dh óóóó óóóó óóóó óóóó óóóó óóóó

ADRESL 9Eh ¨¨¨¨ ¨¨¨¨ «««« «««« «««« ««««

ANSEL 9Fh óððð ïïïï óððð ïïïï ó««« ««««

Legend:« = unchanged, ¨ = unknown, ó = unimplemented bit, reads as �0�, ¯ = value depends on condition.Note 1: If VDD goes too low, Power-on Reset will be activated and registers will be affected differently.

2: One or more bits in INTCON and/or PIR1 will be affected (to cause wake-up).3: When the wake-up is due to an interrupt and the GIE bit is set, the PC is loaded with the interrupt

vector (0004h).4: See Table 9-6 for RESET value for specific condition.5: If wake-up was due to data EEPROM write completing, Bit 7 = 1; A/D conversion completing, Bit 6 = 1;

Comparator input changing, bit 3 = 1; or Timer1 rolling over, bit 0 = 1. All other interrupts generating a wake-up will cause these bits to = u.

6: If RESET was due to brown-out, then bit 0 = 0. All other RESETS will cause bit 0 = u.




PIC12F629/675


FIGURE 9-7: TIME-OUT SEQUENCE ON POWER-UP (MCLR NOT TIED TO VDD): CASE 1

FIGURE 9-8: TIME-OUT SEQUENCE ON POWER-UP (MCLR NOT TIED TO VDD): CASE 2

FIGURE 9-9: TIME-OUT SEQUENCE ON POWER-UP (MCLR TIED TO VDD)

TPWRT

TOST

VDD

MCLR

Internal POR

PWRT Time-out

OST Time-out

Internal RESET

VDD

MCLR

Internal POR

PWRT Time-out

OST Time-out

Internal RESET

TPWRT

TOST

TPWRT

TOST

VDD

MCLR

Internal POR

PWRT Time-out

OST Time-out

Internal RESET





PIC12F629/6759.4 InterruptsThe PIC12F629/675 has 7 sources of interrupt:

� External Interrupt GP2/INT� TMR0 Overflow Interrupt� GPIO Change Interrupts� Comparator Interrupt� A/D Interrupt (PIC12F675 only)� TMR1 Overflow Interrupt� EEPROM Data Write Interrupt

The Interrupt Control register (INTCON) and PeripheralInterrupt register (PIR) record individual interruptrequests in flag bits. The INTCON register also hasindividual and global interrupt enable bits.

A global interrupt enable bit, GIE (INTCON<7>) enables(if set) all unmasked interrupts, or disables (if cleared) allinterrupts. Individual interrupts can be disabled throughtheir corresponding enable bits in INTCON register andPIE register. GIE is cleared on RESET.

The return from interrupt instruction, ÎÛÌÚ×Û, exitsinterrupt routine, as well as sets the GIE bit, whichre-enables unmasked interrupts.

The following interrupt flags are contained in theINTCON register:

� INT pin interrupt� GP port change interrupt� TMR0 overflow interrupt

The peripheral interrupt flags are contained in thespecial register PIR1. The corresponding interruptenable bit is contained in Special Register PIE1.

The following interrupt flags are contained in the PIRregister:

� EEPROM data write interrupt� A/D interrupt� Comparator interrupt� Timer1 overflow interrupt

When an interrupt is serviced:

� The GIE is cleared to disable any further interrupt� The return address is pushed onto the stack� The PC is loaded with 0004h

Once in the Interrupt Service Routine, the source(s) ofthe interrupt can be determined by polling the interruptflag bits. The interrupt flag bit(s) must be cleared insoftware before re-enabling interrupts to avoid GP2/INT recursive interrupts.

For external interrupt events, such as the INT pin, orGP port change interrupt, the interrupt latency will bethree or four instruction cycles. The exact latencydepends upon when the interrupt event occurs (seeFigure 9-11). The latency is the same for one or two-cycle instructions. Once in the Interrupt ServiceRoutine, the source(s) of the interrupt can bedetermined by polling the interrupt flag bits. The

interrupt flag bit(s) must be cleared in software beforere-enabling interrupts to avoid multiple interruptrequests.

Note 1: Individual interrupt flag bits are set,regardless of the status of theircorresponding mask bit or the GIE bit.

2: When an instruction that clears the GIEbit is executed, any interrupts that werepending for execution in the next cycleare ignored. The interrupts which wereignored are still pending to be servicedwhen the GIE bit is set again.




PIC12F629/675


FIGURE 9-10: INTERRUPT LOGIC

TMR1IFTMR1IE

CMIFCMIE

T0IFT0IE

INTFINTEGPIFGPIE

GIE

PEIE

Wake-up (If in SLEEP mode)

Interrupt to CPU

EEIEEEIF

ADIFADIE

(1)

Note 1: PIC12F675 only.

IOC-GP0IOC0

IOC-GP1IOC1

IOC-GP2IOC2

IOC-GP3IOC3

IOC-GP4IOC4

IOC-GP5IOC5





PIC12F629/6759.4.1 GP2/INT INTERRUPT

External interrupt on GP2/INT pin is edge-triggered;either rising if INTEDG bit (OPTION<6>) is set, offalling, if INTEDG bit is clear. When a valid edgeappears on the GP2/INT pin, the INTF bit(INTCON<1>) is set. This interrupt can be disabled byclearing the INTE control bit (INTCON<4>). The INTFbit must be cleared in software in the Interrupt ServiceRoutine before re-enabling this interrupt. The GP2/INTinterrupt can wake-up the processor from SLEEP if theINTE bit was set prior to going into SLEEP. The statusof the GIE bit decides whether or not the processorbranches to the interrupt vector following wake-up. SeeSection 9.7 for details on SLEEP and Figure 9-13 fortiming of wake-up from SLEEP through GP2/INTinterrupt.

9.4.2 TMR0 INTERRUPT

An overflow (FFh 00h) in the TMR0 register willset the T0IF (INTCON<2>) bit. The interrupt canbe enabled/disabled by setting/clearing T0IE(INTCON<5>) bit. For operation of the Timer0 module,see Section 4.0.

9.4.3 GPIO INTERRUPT

An input change on GPIO change sets the GPIF(INTCON<0>) bit. The interrupt can be enabled/disabled by setting/clearing the GPIE (INTCON<3>)bit. Plus individual pins can be configured through theIOC register.

9.4.4 COMPARATOR INTERRUPT

See Section 6.9 for description of comparator interrupt.

9.4.5 A/D CONVERTER INTERRUPT

After a conversion is complete, the ADIF flag (PIR<6>)is set. The interrupt can be enabled/disabled by settingor clearing ADIE (PIE<6>).

See Section 7.0 for operation of the A/D converterinterrupt.

FIGURE 9-11: INT PIN INTERRUPT TIMING


Note: If a change on the I/O pin should occurwhen the read operation is being executed(start of the Q2 cycle), then the GPIF inter-rupt flag may not get set.

Q2Q1 Q3 Q4 Q2Q1 Q3 Q4 Q2Q1 Q3 Q4 Q2Q1 Q3 Q4 Q2Q1 Q3 Q4

OSC1

CLKOUT

INT pin

INTF Flag(INTCON<1>)

GIE bit(INTCON<7>)

INSTRUCTION FLOWPC

InstructionFetched

InstructionExecuted

Interrupt Latency

PC PC+1 PC+1 0004h 0005h

Inst (0004h) Inst (0005h)

Dummy Cycle

Inst (PC) Inst (PC+1)

Inst (PC-1) Inst (0004h)Dummy CycleInst (PC)

�

1

4

51

2

3

Note 1: INTF flag is sampled here (every Q1).2: Asynchronous interrupt latency = 3-4 TCY. Synchronous latency = 3 TCY, where TCY = instruction cycle time. Latency

is the same whether Inst (PC) is a single cycle or a 2-cycle instruction.3: CLKOUT is available only in RC Oscillator mode.4: For minimum width of INT pulse, refer to AC specs.5: INTF is enabled to be set any time during the Q4-Q1 cycles.




PIC12F629/675


TABLE 9-8: SUMMARY OF INTERRUPT REGISTERS

9.5 Context Saving During InterruptsDuring an interrupt, only the return PC value is savedon the stack. Typically, users may wish to save keyregisters during an interrupt, e.g., W register andSTATUS register. This must be implemented insoftware.

Example 9-2 stores and restores the STATUS and Wregisters. The user register, W_TEMP, must be definedin both banks and must be defined at the same offsetfrom the bank base address (i.e., W_TEMP is definedat 0x20 in Bank 0 and it must also be defined at 0xA0in Bank 1). The user register, STATUS_TEMP, must bedefined in Bank 0. The Example 9-2:

� Stores the W register� Stores the STATUS register in Bank 0� Executes the ISR code� Restores the STATUS (and bank select bit

register)� Restores the W register

EXAMPLE 9-2: SAVING THE STATUS AND W REGISTERS IN RAM

9.6 Watchdog Timer (WDT)The Watchdog Timer is a free running, on-chip RCoscillator, which requires no external components. ThisRC oscillator is separate from the external RC oscillatorof the CLKIN pin and INTOSC. That means that theWDT will run, even if the clock on the OSC1 and OSC2pins of the device has been stopped (for example, byexecution of a ÍÔÛÛÐ instruction). During normaloperation, a WDT time-out generates a device RESET.If the device is in SLEEP mode, a WDT time-outcauses the device to wake-up and continue with normaloperation. The WDT can be permanently disabled byprogramming the configuration bit WDTE as clear(Section 9.1).

9.6.1 WDT PERIOD

The WDT has a nominal time-out period of 18 ms, (withno prescaler). The time-out periods vary with tempera-ture, VDD and process variations from part to part (seeDC specs). If longer time-out periods are desired, aprescaler with a division ratio of up to 1:128 can beassigned to the WDT under software control by writingto the OPTION register. Thus, time-out periods up to2.3 seconds can be realized.

The ÝÔÎÉÜÌ and ÍÔÛÛÐ instructions clear the WDTand the prescaler, if assigned to the WDT, and preventit from timing out and generating a device RESET.

The TO bit in the STATUS register will be cleared upona Watchdog Timer time-out.

9.6.2 WDT PROGRAMMING CONSIDERATIONS

It should also be taken in account that under worst caseconditions (i.e., VDD = Min., Temperature = Max., Max.WDT prescaler) it may take several seconds before aWDT time-out occurs.


Value on all other

RESETS

0Bh, 8Bh INTCON GIE PEIE T0IE INTE GPIE T0IF INTF GPIF ðððð ðððð ðððð ððð«



Legend: x = unknown, u = unchanged, - = unimplemented read as '0', q = value depends upon condition. Shaded cells are not used by the Interrupt module.

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PIC12F629/675FIGURE 9-12: WATCHDOG TIMER BLOCK DIAGRAM

TABLE 9-9: SUMMARY OF WATCHDOG TIMER REGISTERS

T0CKI

T0SEpin

CLKOUT

TMR0

WatchdogTimer

WDTTime-out

PS0 - PS2

WDTE

Data Bus

Set Flag bit T0IFon Overflow

T0CS

Note 1: T0SE, T0CS, PSA, PS0-PS2 are bits in the Option register.

0

1

0

1

0

1

SYNC 2Cycles

8

8

8-bitPrescaler

0

1

(= FOSC/4)

PSA

PSA

PSA


Value on all other

RESETS


2007h Config. bits CP BODEN MCLRE PWRTE WDTE F0SC2 F0SC1 F0SC0 «««« «««« «««« ««««

Legend: u = Unchanged, shaded cells are not used by the Watchdog Timer.




PIC12F629/675


9.7 Power-Down Mode (SLEEP)The Power-down mode is entered by executing aÍÔÛÛÐ instruction.

If the Watchdog Timer is enabled:

� WDT will be cleared but keeps running� PD bit in the STATUS register is cleared� TO bit is set� Oscillator driver is turned off� I/O ports maintain the status they had before

SLEEP was executed (driving high, low, or hi-impedance).

For lowest current consumption in this mode, all I/Opins should be either at VDD, or VSS, with no externalcircuitry drawing current from the I/O pin and the com-parators and CVREF should be disabled. I/O pins thatare hi-impedance inputs should be pulled high or lowexternally to avoid switching currents caused by float-ing inputs. The T0CKI input should also be at VDD orVSS for lowest current consumption. The contributionfrom on-chip pull-ups on GPIO should be considered.

The MCLR pin must be at a logic high level (VIHMC).

9.7.1 WAKE-UP FROM SLEEP

The device can wake-up from SLEEP through one ofthe following events:

1. External RESET input on MCLR pin2. Watchdog Timer Wake-up (if WDT was enabled)3. Interrupt from GP2/INT pin, GPIO change, or a

peripheral interrupt.

The first event will cause a device RESET. The twolatter events are considered a continuation of programexecution. The TO and PD bits in the STATUS registercan be used to determine the cause of device RESET.The PD bit, which is set on power-up, is cleared whenSLEEP is invoked. TO bit is cleared if WDT Wake-upoccurred.

When the ÍÔÛÛÐ instruction is being executed, thenext instruction (PC + 1) is pre-fetched. For the deviceto wake-up through an interrupt event, the correspond-ing interrupt enable bit must be set (enabled). Wake-upis regardless of the state of the GIE bit. If the GIE bit isclear (disabled), the device continues execution at theinstruction after the ÍÔÛÛÐ instruction. If the GIE bit isset (enabled), the device executes the instruction afterthe ÍÔÛÛÐ instruction, then branches to the interruptaddress (0004h). In cases where the execution of theinstruction following ÍÔÛÛÐ is not desirable, the usershould have an ÒÑÐ after the ÍÔÛÛÐ instruction.

The WDT is cleared when the device wakes up fromSLEEP, regardless of the source of wake-up.

FIGURE 9-13: WAKE-UP FROM SLEEP THROUGH INTERRUPT

Note: It should be noted that a RESET generatedby a WDT time-out does not drive MCLRpin low.

Note: If the global interrupts are disabled (GIE iscleared), but any interrupt source has bothits interrupt enable bit and the correspond-ing interrupt flag bits set, the device willimmediately wake-up from SLEEP. TheÍÔÛÛÐ instruction is completely executed.

Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4OSC1

CLKOUT(4)

INT pinINTF flag

(INTCON<1>)

GIE bit(INTCON<7>)

INSTRUCTION FLOWPC

InstructionFetchedInstructionExecuted

PC PC+1 PC+2

Inst(PC) = SLEEP

Inst(PC - 1)

Inst(PC + 1)

SLEEP

Processor inSLEEP

Interrupt Latency(Note 2)

Inst(PC + 2)

Inst(PC + 1)

Inst(0004h) Inst(0005h)

Inst(0004h)Dummy cycle

PC + 2 0004h 0005h

Dummy cycle

TOST(2)

PC+2

Note 1: XT, HS or LP Oscillator mode assumed.2: TOST = 1024TOSC (drawing not to scale). Approximately 1 ks delay will be there for RC Osc mode. See Section 12 for wake-up from

SLEEP delay in INTOSC mode.3: GIE = '1' assumed. In this case after wake-up, the processor jumps to the interrupt routine. If GIE = '0', execution will continue in-line.4: CLKOUT is not available in XT, HS, LP or EC Osc modes, but shown here for timing reference.





PIC12F629/6759.8 Code ProtectionIf the code protection bit(s) have not beenprogrammed, the on-chip program memory can beread out for verification purposes.

9.9 ID LocationsFour memory locations (2000h-2003h) are designatedas ID locations where the user can store checksum orother code identification numbers. These locations arenot accessible during normal execution but arereadable and writable during Program/Verify. Only theLeast Significant 7 bits of the ID locations are used.

9.10 In-Circuit Serial ProgrammingThe PIC12F629/675 microcontrollers can be seriallyprogrammed while in the end application circuit. This issimply done with two lines for clock and data, and threeother lines for:

� power� ground� programming voltage

This allows customers to manufacture boards withunprogrammed devices, and then program themicrocontroller just before shipping the product. Thisalso allows the most recent firmware or a customfirmware to be programmed.

The device is placed into a Program/Verify mode byholding the GP0 and GP1 pins low, while raising theMCLR (VPP) pin from VIL to VIHH (see ProgrammingSpecification). GP0 becomes the programming dataand GP1 becomes the programming clock. Both GP0and GP1 are Schmitt Trigger inputs in this mode.

After RESET, to place the device into Programming/Verify mode, the program counter (PC) is at location00h. A 6-bit command is then supplied to the device.Depending on the command, 14-bits of program dataare then supplied to or from the device, depending onwhether the command was a load or a read. Forcomplete details of serial programming, please refer tothe Programming Specifications.

A typical In-Circuit Serial Programming connection isshown in Figure 9-14.

FIGURE 9-14: TYPICAL IN-CIRCUIT SERIAL PROGRAMMING CONNECTION

9.11 In-Circuit DebuggerSince in-circuit debugging requires the loss of clock,data and MCLR pins, MPLAB® ICD 2 development withan 8-pin device is not practical. A special 14-pinPIC12F675-ICD device is used with MPLAB ICD 2 toprovide separate clock, data and MCLR pins and freesall normally available pins to the user.

This special ICD device is mounted on the top of theheader and its signals are routed to the MPLAB ICD 2connector. On the bottom of the header is an 8-pinsocket that plugs into the user�s target via the 8-pinstand-off connector.

When the ICD pin on the PIC12F675-ICD device isheld low, the In-Circuit Debugger functionality isenabled. This function allows simple debuggingfunctions when used with MPLAB ICD 2. When themicrocontroller has this feature enabled, some of theresources are not available for general use. Table 9-10shows which features are consumed by thebackground debugger:

TABLE 9-10: DEBUGGER RESOURCES

For more information, see 8-Pin MPLAB ICD 2 HeaderInformation Sheet (DS51292) available on Microchip�sweb site (www.microchip.com).

Note: The entire data EEPROM and FLASHprogram memory will be erased when thecode protection is turned off. The INTOSCcalibration data is also erased. SeePIC12F629/675 Programming Specifica-tion for more information.

I/O pins ICDCLK, ICDDATAStack 1 level

Program Memory Address 0h must be ÒÑÐ300h - 3FEh

ExternalConnectorSignals

To NormalConnections

To NormalConnections

PIC12F629/675

VDD

VSS

GP3/MCLR/VPP

GP1

GP0

+5V

0V

VPP

CLK

Data I/O

VDD


http://www.microchip.com)



PIC12F629/675


NOTES:





PIC12F629/675

10.0 INSTRUCTION SET SUMMARYThe PIC12F629/675 instruction set is highly orthogonaland is comprised of three basic categories:

� Byte-oriented operations

� Bit-oriented operations

� Literal and control operations

Each PIC12F629/675 instruction is a 14-bit worddivided into an opcode, which specifies the instructiontype, and one or more operands, which further specifythe operation of the instruction. The formats for each ofthe categories is presented in Figure 10-1, while thevarious opcode fields are summarized in Table 10-1.

Table 10-2 lists the instructions recognized by theMPASMTM assembler. A complete description ofeach instruction is also available in the PIC® Mid-Range Reference Manual (DS33023).

For byte-oriented instructions, �º� represents a fileregister designator and �¼� represents a destinationdesignator. The file register designator specifies whichfile register is to be used by the instruction.

The destination designator specifies where the result ofthe operation is to be placed. If �¼� is zero, the result isplaced in the W register. If �¼� is one, the result is placedin the file register specified in the instruction.

For bit-oriented instructions, �¾� represents a bit fielddesignator, which selects the bit affected by theoperation, while �º� represents the address of the file inwhich the bit is located.

For literal and control operations, �µ� represents an8-bit or 11-bit constant, or literal value.

One instruction cycle consists of four oscillator periods;for an oscillator frequency of 4 MHz, this gives a normalinstruction execution time of 1 ks. All instructions areexecuted within a single instruction cycle, unless aconditional test is true, or the program counter ischanged as a result of an instruction. When this occurs,the execution takes two instruction cycles, with thesecond cycle executed as a ÒÑÐ.

All instruction examples use the format �ð¨¸¸� torepresent a hexadecimal number, where �¸� signifiesa hexadecimal digit.

10.1 READ-MODIFY-WRITE OPERATIONS

Any instruction that specifies a file register as part ofthe instruction performs a Read-Modify-Write (R-M-W)operation. The register is read, the data is modified,and the result is stored according to either the instruc-tion, or the destination designator �d�. A read operationis performed on a register even if the instruction writesto that register.

For example, a ÝÔÎÚ ÙÐ×Ñ instruction will read GPIO,clear all the data bits, then write the result back toGPIO. This example would have the unintended resultthat the condition that sets the GPIF flag would becleared.

TABLE 10-1: OPCODE FIELD DESCRIPTIONS

FIGURE 10-1: GENERAL FORMAT FOR INSTRUCTIONS

Note: To maintain upward compatibility withfuture products, do not use the ÑÐÌ×ÑÒand ÌÎ×Í×Ñ instructions.

Field Descriptionº Register file address (0x00 to 0x7F)É Working register (accumulator)¾ Bit address within an 8-bit file registerµ Literal field, constant data or label¨ Don't care location (= ð or ï).

The assembler will generate code with x = ð. It is the recommended form of use for compatibility with all Microchip software tools.

¼ Destination select; d = ð: store result in W,d = 1: store result in file register f. Default is d = ïò

ÐÝ Program CounterÌÑ Time-out bitÐÜ Power-down bit

Byte-oriented file register operations13 8 7 6 0

d = 0 for destination W

OPCODE d f (FILE #)

d = 1 for destination ff = 7-bit file register address

Bit-oriented file register operations13 10 9 7 6 0

OPCODE b (BIT #) f (FILE #)

b = 3-bit bit addressf = 7-bit file register address

Literal and control operations

13 8 7 0OPCODE k (literal)

k = 8-bit immediate value

13 11 10 0OPCODE k (literal)

k = 11-bit immediate value

General

ÝßÔÔ and ÙÑÌÑ instructions only




PIC12F629/675


TABLE 10-2: PIC12F629/675 INSTRUCTION SET

Mnemonic,Operands Description Cycles

14-Bit Opcode StatusAffected Notes

MSb LSb

BYTE-ORIENTED FILE REGISTER OPERATIONS

ADDWFANDWFCLRFCLRWCOMFDECFDECFSZINCFINCFSZIORWFMOVFMOVWFNOPRLFRRFSUBWFSWAPFXORWF

f, df, d

f-

f, df, df, df, df, df, df, d

f-

f, df, df, df, df, d

Add W and fAND W with fClear fClear WComplement fDecrement fDecrement f, Skip if 0Increment fIncrement f, Skip if 0Inclusive OR W with fMove fMove W to fNo OperationRotate Left f through CarryRotate Right f through CarrySubtract W from fSwap nibbles in fExclusive OR W with f

111111

1(2)1

1(2)111111111

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðð

ðïïï

ðïðï

ðððï

ðððï

ïððï

ððïï

ïðïï

ïðïð

ïïïï

ðïðð

ïððð

ðððð

ðððð

ïïðï

ïïðð

ððïð

ïïïð

ðïïð

¼ººº

¼ººº

´ººº

ð¨¨¨

¼ººº

¼ººº

¼ººº

¼ººº

¼ººº

¼ººº

¼ººº

´ººº

ð¨¨ð

¼ººº

¼ººº

¼ººº

¼ººº

¼ººº

ºººº

ºººº

ºººº

¨¨¨¨

ºººº

ºººº

ºººº

ºººº

ºººº

ºººº

ºººº

ºººº

ðððð

ºººº

ºººº

ºººº

ºººº

ºººº

C,DC,ZZZZZZ

Z

ZZ

CC

C,DC,Z

Z

1,21,22

1,21,2

1,2,31,2

1,2,31,21,2

1,21,21,21,21,2

BIT-ORIENTED FILE REGISTER OPERATIONS

BCFBSFBTFSCBTFSS

f, bf, bf, bf, b

Bit Clear fBit Set fBit Test f, Skip if ClearBit Test f, Skip if Set

11

1 (2)1 (2)

ðï

ðï

ðï

ðï

ðð¾¾

ðï¾¾

ïð¾¾

ïï¾¾

¾ººº

¾ººº

¾ººº

¾ººº

ºººº

ºººº

ºººº

ºººº

1,21,233

LITERAL AND CONTROL OPERATIONSADDLWANDLWCALLCLRWDTGOTOIORLWMOVLWRETFIERETLWRETURNSLEEPSUBLWXORLW

kkk-kkk-k--kk

Add literal and WAND literal with WCall subroutineClear Watchdog TimerGo to addressInclusive OR literal with WMove literal to WReturn from interruptReturn with literal in W Return from SubroutineGo into Standby modeSubtract W from literalExclusive OR literal with W

1121211222111

ïï

ïï

ïð

ðð

ïð

ïï

ïï

ðð

ïï

ðð

ðð

ïï

ïï

ïïï¨

ïððï

ðµµµ

ðððð

ïµµµ

ïððð

ðð¨¨

ðððð

ðï¨¨

ðððð

ðððð

ïïð¨

ïðïð

µµµµ

µµµµ

µµµµ

ðïïð

µµµµ

µµµµ

µµµµ

ðððð

µµµµ

ðððð

ðïïð

µµµµ

µµµµ

µµµµ

µµµµ

µµµµ

ðïðð

µµµµ

µµµµ

µµµµ

ïððï

µµµµ

ïððð

ððïï

µµµµ

µµµµ

C,DC,ZZ

TO,PD

Z

TO,PDC,DC,Z

Z

Note 1: When an I/O register is modified as a function of itself (e.g., ÓÑÊÚ ÙÐ×Ñô ï), the value used will be that value present on the pins themselves. For example, if the data latch is '1' for a pin configured as input and is driven low by an external device, the data will be written back with a '0'.

2: If this instruction is executed on the TMR0 register (and, where applicable, d = 1), the prescaler will be cleared if assigned to the Timer0 module.

3: If Program Counter (PC) is modified, or a conditional test is true, the instruction requires two cycles. The second cycle is executed as a ÒÑÐ.

Note: Additional information on the mid-range instruction set is available in the PIC® Mid-Range MCU Family Ref-erence Manual (DS33023).





PIC12F629/67510.2 Instruction Descriptions

ADDLW Add Literal and W

Syntax: [label] ADDLW k

Operands: 0 k 255

Operation: (W) + k (W)

Status Affected: C, DC, Z

Description: The contents of the W register are added to the eight-bit literal 'k' and the result is placed in the W register.

ADDWF Add W and f

Syntax: [label] ADDWF f,d

Operands: 0 f 127d

Operation: (W) + (f) (destination)


Description: Add the contents of the W register with register 'f'. If 'd' is 0, the result is stored in the W register. If 'd' is 1, the result is stored back in register 'f'.

ANDLW AND Literal with W

Syntax: [label] ANDLW k

Operands: 0 k 255

Operation: (W) .AND. (k) (W)

Status Affected: Z

Description: The contents of W register are AND�ed with the eight-bit literal 'k'. The result is placed in the W register.

ANDWF AND W with f

Syntax: [label] ANDWF f,d

Operands: 0 f 127d

Operation: (W) .AND. (f) (destination)

Status Affected: Z

Description: AND the W register with register 'f'. If 'd' is 0, the result is stored in the W register. If 'd' is 1, the result is stored back in register 'f'.

BCF Bit Clear f

Syntax: [label] BCF f,b

Operands: 0 f 1270 b 7

Operation: 0 (f<b>)

Status Affected: None

Description: Bit 'b' in register 'f' is cleared.

BSF Bit Set f

Syntax: [label] BSF f,b


Operation: 1 (f<b>)


Description: Bit 'b' in register 'f' is set.

BTFSS Bit Test f, Skip if Set

Syntax: [label] BTFSS f,b

Operands: 0 f 1270 b < 7

Operation: skip if (f<b>) = 1


Description: If bit 'b' in register 'f' is '0', the next instruction is executed.If bit 'b' is '1', then the next instruction is discarded and a ÒÑÐ is executed instead, making this a 2TCY instruction.

BTFSC Bit Test, Skip if Clear

Syntax: [label] BTFSC f,b


Operation: skip if (f<b>) = 0


Description: If bit 'b' in register 'f' is '1', the next instruction is executed.If bit 'b', in register 'f', is '0', the next instruction is discarded, and a ÒÑÐ is executed instead, making this a 2TCY instruction.




PIC12F629/675


CALL Call Subroutine

Syntax: [ label ] CALL k

Operands: 0 k 2047

Operation: (PC)+ 1 TOS,k PC<10:0>,(PCLATH<4:3>) PC<12:11>


Description: Call Subroutine. First, return address (PC+1) is pushed onto the stack. The eleven-bit immedi-ate address is loaded into PC bits <10:0>. The upper bits of the PC are loaded from PCLATH. ÝßÔÔ is a two-cycle instruction.

CLRF Clear f

Syntax: [label] CLRF f

Operands: 0 f 127

Operation: 00h (f)1 Z

Status Affected: Z

Description: The contents of register 'f' are cleared and the Z bit is set.

CLRW Clear W

Syntax: [ label ] CLRW

Operands: None

Operation: 00h (W)1 Z

Status Affected: Z

Description: W register is cleared. Zero bit (Z) is set.

CLRWDT Clear Watchdog Timer

Syntax: [ label ] CLRWDT

Operands: None

Operation: 00h WDT0 WDT prescaler,1 TO1 PD

Status Affected: TO, PD

Description: ÝÔÎÉÜÌ instruction resets the Watchdog Timer. It also resets the prescaler of the WDT. STATUS bits TO and PD are set.

COMF Complement f

Syntax: [ label ] COMF f,d

Operands: 0 f 127d [0,1]

Operation: (f) (destination)

Status Affected: Z

Description: The contents of register 'f' are complemented. If 'd' is 0, the result is stored in W. If 'd' is 1, the result is stored back in register 'f'.

DECF Decrement f

Syntax: [label] DECF f,d


Operation: (f) - 1 (destination)

Status Affected: Z

Description: Decrement register 'f'. If 'd' is 0, the result is stored in the W register. If 'd' is 1, the result is stored back in register 'f'.





PIC12F629/675

DECFSZ Decrement f, Skip if 0

Syntax: [ label ] DECFSZ f,d


Operation: (f) - 1 (destination); skip if result = 0


Description: The contents of register 'f' are decremented. If 'd' is 0, the result is placed in the W register. If 'd' is 1, the result is placed back in register 'f'. If the result is 1, the next instruc-tion is executed. If the result is 0, then a ÒÑÐ is executed instead, making it a 2TCY instruction.

GOTO Unconditional Branch

Syntax: [ label ] GOTO k

Operands: 0 k 2047

Operation: k PC<10:0>PCLATH<4:3> PC<12:11>


Description: ÙÑÌÑ is an unconditional branch. The eleven-bit immediate value is loaded into PC bits <10:0>. The upper bits of PC are loaded from PCLATH<4:3>. ÙÑÌÑ is a two-cycle instruction.

INCF Increment f

Syntax: [ label ] INCF f,d


Operation: (f) + 1 (destination)

Status Affected: Z

Description: The contents of register 'f' are incremented. If 'd' is 0, the result is placed in the W register. If 'd' is 1, the result is placed back in register 'f'.

INCFSZ Increment f, Skip if 0

Syntax: [ label ] INCFSZ f,d


Operation: (f) + 1 (destination), skip if result = 0


Description: The contents of register 'f' are incremented. If 'd' is 0, the result is placed in the W register. If 'd' is 1, the result is placed back in register 'f'.If the result is 1, the next instruc-tion is executed. If the result is 0, a ÒÑÐ is executed instead, making it a 2TCY instruction.

IORLW Inclusive OR Literal with W

Syntax: [ label ] IORLW k

Operands: 0 k 255

Operation: (W) .OR. k (W)

Status Affected: Z

Description: The contents of the W register are OR�ed with the eight-bit literal 'k'. The result is placed in the W register.

IORWF Inclusive OR W with f

Syntax: [ label ] IORWF f,d


Operation: (W) .OR. (f) (destination)

Status Affected: Z

Description: Inclusive OR the W register with register 'f'. If 'd' is 0, the result is placed in the W register. If 'd' is 1, the result is placed back in register 'f'.




PIC12F629/675


MOVF Move f

Syntax: [ label ] MOVF f,d


Operation: (f) (destination)

Status Affected: Z

Description: The contents of register f are moved to a destination dependant upon the status of d. If d = 0, destination is W register. If d = 1, the destination is file register f itself. d = 1 is useful to test a file register, since status flag Z is affected.

MOVLW Move Literal to W

Syntax: [ label ] MOVLW k

Operands: 0 k 255

Operation: k (W)


Description: The eight-bit literal 'k' is loaded into W register. The don�t cares will assemble as 0�s.

MOVWF Move W to f

Syntax: [ label ] MOVWF f

Operands: 0 f 127

Operation: (W) (f)


Description: Move data from W register to register 'f'.

NOP No Operation

Syntax: [ label ] NOP

Operands: None

Operation: No operation


Description: No operation.

RETFIE Return from Interrupt

Syntax: [ label ] RETFIE

Operands: None

Operation: TOS PC,1 GIE


RETLW Return with Literal in W

Syntax: [ label ] RETLW k

Operands: 0 k 255

Operation: k (W); TOS PC


Description: The W register is loaded with the eight-bit literal 'k'. The program counter is loaded from the top of the stack (the return address). This is a two-cycle instruction.





PIC12F629/675

RLF Rotate Left f through Carry

Syntax: [ label ] RLF f,d


Operation: See description below

Status Affected: C

Description: The contents of register 'f' are rotated one bit to the left through the Carry Flag. If 'd' is 0, the result is placed in the W register. If 'd' is 1, the result is stored back in register 'f'.

RETURN Return from Subroutine

Syntax: [ label ] RETURN

Operands: None

Operation: TOS PC


Description: Return from subroutine. The stack is POPed and the top of the stack (TOS) is loaded into the program counter. This is a two-cycle instruction.

RRF Rotate Right f through Carry

Syntax: [ label ] RRF f,d


Operation: See description below

Status Affected: C

Description: The contents of register 'f' are rotated one bit to the right through the Carry Flag. If 'd' is 0, the result is placed in the W register. If 'd' is 1, the result is placed back in register 'f'.

Register fC

Register fC

SLEEP

Syntax: [ label ] SLEEP

Operands: None

Operation: 00h WDT,0 WDT prescaler,1 TO,0 PD

Status Affected: TO, PD

Description: The power-down STATUS bit, PD is cleared. Time-out STATUS bit, TO is set. Watchdog Timer and its prescaler are cleared.The processor is put into SLEEP mode with the oscillator stopped.

SUBLW Subtract W from Literal

Syntax: [ label ] SUBLW k

Operands: 0 k 255

Operation: k - (W) W)


Description: The W register is subtracted (2�s complement method) from the eight-bit literal 'k'. The result is placed in the W register.

SUBWF Subtract W from f

Syntax: [ label ] SUBWF f,d


Operation: (f) - (W) destination)

Status Affected:

C, DC, Z

Description: Subtract (2�s complement method) W register from register 'f'. If 'd' is 0, the result is stored in the W register. If 'd' is 1, the result is stored back in register 'f'.




PIC12F629/675


SWAPF Swap Nibbles in f

Syntax: [ label ] SWAPF f,d


Operation: (f<3:0>) (destination<7:4>),(f<7:4>) (destination<3:0>)


Description: The upper and lower nibbles of register 'f' are exchanged. If 'd' is 0, the result is placed in the W register. If 'd' is 1, the result is placed in register 'f'.

XORLW Exclusive OR Literal with W

Syntax: [label] XORLW k

Operands: 0 k 255

Operation: (W) .XOR. k W)

Status Affected: Z

Description: The contents of the W register are XOR�ed with the eight-bit literal 'k'. The result is placed in the W register.

XORWF Exclusive OR W with f

Syntax: [label] XORWF f,d


Operation: (W) .XOR. (f) destination)

Status Affected: Z

Description: Exclusive OR the contents of the W register with register 'f'. If 'd' is 0, the result is stored in the W register. If 'd' is 1, the result is stored back in register 'f'.





PIC12F629/675

11.0 DEVELOPMENT SUPPORTThe PIC® microcontrollers are supported with a fullrange of hardware and software development tools:

� Integrated Development Environment- MPLAB® IDE Software

� Assemblers/Compilers/Linkers- MPASMTM Assembler- MPLAB C18 and MPLAB C30 C Compilers- MPLINKTM Object Linker/

MPLIBTM Object Librarian- MPLAB ASM30 Assembler/Linker/Library

� Simulators- MPLAB SIM Software Simulator

� Emulators- MPLAB ICE 2000 In-Circuit Emulator- MPLAB REAL ICE� In-Circuit Emulator

� In-Circuit Debugger- MPLAB ICD 2

� Device Programmers- PICSTART® Plus Development Programmer- MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer- PICkit� 2 Development Programmer

� Low-Cost Demonstration and Development Boards and Evaluation Kits

11.1 MPLAB Integrated Development Environment Software

The MPLAB IDE software brings an ease of softwaredevelopment previously unseen in the 8/16-bit micro-controller market. The MPLAB IDE is a Windows®

operating system-based application that contains:

� A single graphical interface to all debugging tools- Simulator- Programmer (sold separately)- Emulator (sold separately)- In-Circuit Debugger (sold separately)

� A full-featured editor with color-coded context� A multiple project manager� Customizable data windows with direct edit of

contents� High-level source code debugging� Visual device initializer for easy register

initialization� Mouse over variable inspection� Drag and drop variables from source to watch

windows� Extensive on-line help� Integration of select third party tools, such as

HI-TECH Software C Compilers and IAR C Compilers

The MPLAB IDE allows you to:

� Edit your source files (either assembly or C)� One touch assemble (or compile) and download

to PIC MCU emulator and simulator tools (automatically updates all project information)

� Debug using:- Source files (assembly or C)- Mixed assembly and C- Machine code

MPLAB IDE supports multiple debugging tools in asingle development paradigm, from the cost-effectivesimulators, through low-cost in-circuit debuggers, tofull-featured emulators. This eliminates the learningcurve when upgrading to tools with increased flexibilityand power.




PIC12F629/675


11.2 MPASM AssemblerThe MPASM Assembler is a full-featured, universalmacro assembler for all PIC MCUs.

The MPASM Assembler generates relocatable objectfiles for the MPLINK Object Linker, Intel® standard HEXfiles, MAP files to detail memory usage and symbolreference, absolute LST files that contain source linesand generated machine code and COFF files fordebugging.

The MPASM Assembler features include:

� Integration into MPLAB IDE projects� User-defined macros to streamline

assembly code� Conditional assembly for multi-purpose

source files� Directives that allow complete control over the

assembly process

11.3 MPLAB C18 and MPLAB C30 C Compilers

The MPLAB C18 and MPLAB C30 Code DevelopmentSystems are complete ANSI C compilers forMicrochip�s PIC18 and PIC24 families of microcontrol-lers and the dsPIC30 and dsPIC33 family of digital sig-nal controllers. These compilers provide powerfulintegration capabilities, superior code optimization andease of use not found with other compilers.

For easy source level debugging, the compilers providesymbol information that is optimized to the MPLAB IDEdebugger.

11.4 MPLINK Object Linker/MPLIB Object Librarian

The MPLINK Object Linker combines relocatableobjects created by the MPASM Assembler and theMPLAB C18 C Compiler. It can link relocatable objectsfrom precompiled libraries, using directives from alinker script.

The MPLIB Object Librarian manages the creation andmodification of library files of precompiled code. Whena routine from a library is called from a source file, onlythe modules that contain that routine will be linked inwith the application. This allows large libraries to beused efficiently in many different applications.

The object linker/library features include:

� Efficient linking of single libraries instead of many smaller files

� Enhanced code maintainability by grouping related modules together

� Flexible creation of libraries with easy module listing, replacement, deletion and extraction

11.5 MPLAB ASM30 Assembler, Linker and Librarian

MPLAB ASM30 Assembler produces relocatablemachine code from symbolic assembly language fordsPIC30F devices. MPLAB C30 C Compiler uses theassembler to produce its object file. The assemblergenerates relocatable object files that can then bearchived or linked with other relocatable object files andarchives to create an executable file. Notable featuresof the assembler include:

� Support for the entire dsPIC30F instruction set� Support for fixed-point and floating-point data� Command line interface� Rich directive set� Flexible macro language� MPLAB IDE compatibility

11.6 MPLAB SIM Software SimulatorThe MPLAB SIM Software Simulator allows codedevelopment in a PC-hosted environment by simulat-ing the PIC MCUs and dsPIC® DSCs on an instructionlevel. On any given instruction, the data areas can beexamined or modified and stimuli can be applied froma comprehensive stimulus controller. Registers can belogged to files for further run-time analysis. The tracebuffer and logic analyzer display extend the power ofthe simulator to record and track program execution,actions on I/O, most peripherals and internal registers.

The MPLAB SIM Software Simulator fully supportssymbolic debugging using the MPLAB C18 andMPLAB C30 C Compilers, and the MPASM andMPLAB ASM30 Assemblers. The software simulatoroffers the flexibility to develop and debug code outsideof the hardware laboratory environment, making it anexcellent, economical software development tool.





PIC12F629/67511.7 MPLAB ICE 2000

High-Performance In-Circuit Emulator

The MPLAB ICE 2000 In-Circuit Emulator is intendedto provide the product development engineer with acomplete microcontroller design tool set for PICmicrocontrollers. Software control of the MPLAB ICE2000 In-Circuit Emulator is advanced by the MPLABIntegrated Development Environment, which allowsediting, building, downloading and source debuggingfrom a single environment.

The MPLAB ICE 2000 is a full-featured emulatorsystem with enhanced trace, trigger and data monitor-ing features. Interchangeable processor modules allowthe system to be easily reconfigured for emulation ofdifferent processors. The architecture of the MPLABICE 2000 In-Circuit Emulator allows expansion tosupport new PIC microcontrollers.

The MPLAB ICE 2000 In-Circuit Emulator system hasbeen designed as a real-time emulation system withadvanced features that are typically found on moreexpensive development tools. The PC platform andMicrosoft® Windows® 32-bit operating system werechosen to best make these features available in asimple, unified application.

11.8 MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit Emulator System

MPLAB REAL ICE In-Circuit Emulator System isMicrochip�s next generation high-speed emulator forMicrochip Flash DSC® and MCU devices. It debugs andprograms PIC® and dsPIC® Flash microcontrollers withthe easy-to-use, powerful graphical user interface of theMPLAB Integrated Development Environment (IDE),included with each kit.

The MPLAB REAL ICE probe is connected to the designengineer�s PC using a high-speed USB 2.0 interface andis connected to the target with either a connectorcompatible with the popular MPLAB ICD 2 system(RJ11) or with the new high speed, noise tolerant, low-voltage differential signal (LVDS) interconnection(CAT5).

MPLAB REAL ICE is field upgradeable through futurefirmware downloads in MPLAB IDE. In upcomingreleases of MPLAB IDE, new devices will be supported,and new features will be added, such as software break-points and assembly code trace. MPLAB REAL ICEoffers significant advantages over competitive emulatorsincluding low-cost, full-speed emulation, real-timevariable watches, trace analysis, complex breakpoints, aruggedized probe interface and long (up to three meters)interconnection cables.

11.9 MPLAB ICD 2 In-Circuit DebuggerMicrochip�s In-Circuit Debugger, MPLAB ICD 2, is apowerful, low-cost, run-time development tool,connecting to the host PC via an RS-232 or high-speedUSB interface. This tool is based on the Flash PICMCUs and can be used to develop for these and otherPIC MCUs and dsPIC DSCs. The MPLAB ICD 2 utilizesthe in-circuit debugging capability built into the Flashdevices. This feature, along with Microchip�s In-CircuitSerial ProgrammingTM (ICSPTM) protocol, offers cost-effective, in-circuit Flash debugging from the graphicaluser interface of the MPLAB Integrated DevelopmentEnvironment. This enables a designer to develop anddebug source code by setting breakpoints, single step-ping and watching variables, and CPU status andperipheral registers. Running at full speed enablestesting hardware and applications in real time. MPLABICD 2 also serves as a development programmer forselected PIC devices.

11.10 MPLAB PM3 Device ProgrammerThe MPLAB PM3 Device Programmer is a universal,CE compliant device programmer with programmablevoltage verification at VDDMIN and VDDMAX formaximum reliability. It features a large LCD display(128 x 64) for menus and error messages and a modu-lar, detachable socket assembly to support variouspackage types. The ICSP� cable assembly is includedas a standard item. In Stand-Alone mode, the MPLABPM3 Device Programmer can read, verify and programPIC devices without a PC connection. It can also setcode protection in this mode. The MPLAB PM3connects to the host PC via an RS-232 or USB cable.The MPLAB PM3 has high-speed communications andoptimized algorithms for quick programming of largememory devices and incorporates an SD/MMC card forfile storage and secure data applications.




PIC12F629/675


11.11 PICSTART Plus Development Programmer

The PICSTART Plus Development Programmer is aneasy-to-use, low-cost, prototype programmer. Itconnects to the PC via a COM (RS-232) port. MPLABIntegrated Development Environment software makesusing the programmer simple and efficient. ThePICSTART Plus Development Programmer supportsmost PIC devices in DIP packages up to 40 pins.Larger pin count devices, such as the PIC16C92X andPIC17C76X, may be supported with an adapter socket.The PICSTART Plus Development Programmer is CEcompliant.

11.12 PICkit 2 Development ProgrammerThe PICkit� 2 Development Programmer is a low-costprogrammer and selected Flash device debugger withan easy-to-use interface for programming many ofMicrochip�s baseline, mid-range and PIC18F families ofFlash memory microcontrollers. The PICkit 2 Starter Kitincludes a prototyping development board, twelvesequential lessons, software and HI-TECH�s PICC�Lite C compiler, and is designed to help get up to speedquickly using PIC® microcontrollers. The kit provideseverything needed to program, evaluate and developapplications using Microchip�s powerful, mid-rangeFlash memory family of microcontrollers.

11.13 Demonstration, Development and Evaluation Boards

A wide variety of demonstration, development andevaluation boards for various PIC MCUs and dsPICDSCs allows quick application development on fully func-tional systems. Most boards include prototyping areas foradding custom circuitry and provide application firmwareand source code for examination and modification.

The boards support a variety of features, including LEDs,temperature sensors, switches, speakers, RS-232interfaces, LCD displays, potentiometers and additionalEEPROM memory.

The demonstration and development boards can beused in teaching environments, for prototyping customcircuits and for learning about various microcontrollerapplications.

In addition to the PICDEM� and dsPICDEM� demon-stration/development board series of circuits, Microchiphas a line of evaluation kits and demonstration softwarefor analog filter design, KEELOQ® security ICs, CAN,IrDA®, PowerSmart® battery management, SEEVAL®

evaluation system, Sigma-Delta ADC, flow ratesensing, plus many more.

Check the Microchip web page (www.microchip.com)and the latest �Product Selector Guide� (DS00148) forthe complete list of demonstration, development andevaluation kits.


http://www.microchip.com)




PIC12F629/675

12.0 ELECTRICAL SPECIFICATIONSAbsolute Maximum Ratings�Ambient temperature under bias........................................................................................................... -40 to +125°C

Storage temperature ........................................................................................................................ -65°C to +150°C

Voltage on VDD with respect to VSS ..................................................................................................... -0.3 to +6.5V

Voltage on MCLR with respect to Vss ..................................................................................................-0.3 to +13.5V

Voltage on all other pins with respect to VSS ........................................................................... -0.3V to (VDD + 0.3V)

Total power dissipation(1) ............................................................................................................................... 800 mW

Maximum current out of VSS pin ..................................................................................................................... 300 mA

Maximum current into VDD pin ........................................................................................................................ 250 mA

Input clamp current, IIK (VI < 0 or VI > VDD) òòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòo 20 mA

Output clamp current, IOK (Vo < 0 or Vo >VDD) òòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòòo 20 mA

Maximum output current sunk by any I/O pin.................................................................................................... 25 mA

Maximum output current sourced by any I/O pin .............................................................................................. 25 mA

Maximum current sunk by all GPIO ................................................................................................................ 125 mA

Maximum current sourced all GPIO ................................................................................................................ 125 mA

Note 1: Power dissipation is calculated as follows: PDIS = VDD x {IDD - IOH} + {(VDD-VOH) x IOH} + (VOl x IOL).

� NOTICE: Stresses above those listed under �Absolute Maximum Ratings� may cause permanent damage to the device. This is a stress rating only and functional operation of the device at those or any other conditions above those indicated in the operation listings of this specification is not implied. Exposure to maximum rating conditions for extended periods may affect device reliability.

Note: Voltage spikes below VSS at the MCLR pin, inducing currents greater than 80 mA, may cause latch-up.Thus, a series resistor of 50-100 should be used when applying a "low" level to the MCLR pin, rather thanpulling this pin directly to VSS.




PIC12F629/675


FIGURE 12-1: PIC12F629/675 WITH A/D DISABLED VOLTAGE-FREQUENCY GRAPH, -40°C TA +125°C

FIGURE 12-2: PIC12F675 WITH A/D ENABLED VOLTAGE-FREQUENCY GRAPH, -40°C TA +125°C

5.5

2.0

3.5

2.5

0

3.0

4.0

4.5

5.0

4

Frequency (MHz)

VDD(Volts)

Note 1: The shaded region indicates the permissible combinations of voltage and frequency.

8 1612 2010

5.5

2.0

3.5

2.5

0

3.0

4.0

4.5

5.0

4

Frequency (MHz)

VDD(Volts)


8 1612 2010





PIC12F629/675FIGURE 12-3: PIC12F675 WITH A/D ENABLED VOLTAGE-FREQUENCY GRAPH,

0°C TA +125°C

5.5

2.0

3.5

2.5

0

3.0

4.0

4.5

5.0

4

Frequency (MHz)

VDD(Volts)


8 1612 2010

2.2




PIC12F629/675


12.1 DC Characteristics: PIC12F629/675-I (Industrial), PIC12F629/675-E (Extended)

DC CHARACTERISTICSStandard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated)Operating temperature -40°C TA +85°C for industrial

-40°C TA +125°C for extended

Param No. Sym Characteristic Min Typ� Max Units Conditions

D001D001AD001BD001CD001D

VDD Supply Voltage2.02.22.53.04.5

��

5.55.55.55.55.5

VVVVV

FOSC < = 4 MHz:PIC12F629/675 with A/D offPIC12F675 with A/D on, 0°C to +125°CPIC12F675 with A/D on, -40°C to +125°C4 MHZ < FOSC < = 10 MHz

D002 VDR RAM Data Retention Voltage(1)

1.5* � � V Device in SLEEP mode

D003 VPOR VDD Start Voltage to ensure internal Power-on Reset signal

� VSS � V See section on Power-on Reset for details

D004 SVDD VDD Rise Rate to ensure internal Power-on Reset signal

0.05* � � V/ms See section on Power-on Reset for details

D005 VBOD � 2.1 � V* These parameters are characterized but not tested.� Data in "Typ" column is at 5.0V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance

only and are not tested.

Note 1: This is the limit to which VDD can be lowered in SLEEP mode without losing RAM data.





PIC12F629/67512.2 DC Characteristics: PIC12F629/675-I (Industrial)

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated)Operating temperature -40pC TA +85pC for industrial

ParamNo. Device Characteristics Min Typ� Max Units

Conditions

VDD Note

D010 Supply Current (IDD) � 9 16 kA 2.0 FOSC = 32 kHzLP Oscillator Mode� 18 28 kA 3.0

� 35 54 kA 5.0D011 � 110 150 kA 2.0 FOSC = 1 MHz

XT Oscillator Mode� 190 280 kA 3.0� 330 450 kA 5.0

D012 � 220 280 kA 2.0 FOSC = 4 MHzXT Oscillator Mode� 370 650 kA 3.0

� 0.6 1.4 mA 5.0D013 � 70 110 kA 2.0 FOSC = 1 MHz

EC Oscillator Mode� 140 250 kA 3.0� 260 390 kA 5.0

D014 � 180 250 kA 2.0 FOSC = 4 MHzEC Oscillator Mode� 320 470 kA 3.0

� 580 850 kA 5.0D015 � 340 450 kA 2.0 FOSC = 4 MHz

INTOSC Mode� 500 700 kA 3.0� 0.8 1.1 mA 5.0

D016 � 180 250 kA 2.0 FOSC = 4 MHzEXTRC Mode� 320 450 kA 3.0

� 580 800 kA 5.0D017 � 2.1 2.95 mA 4.5 FOSC = 20 MHz

HS Oscillator Mode� 2.4 3.0 mA 5.0� Data in �Typ� column is at 5.0V, 25pC unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance


Note 1: The test conditions for all IDD measurements in Active Operation mode are: OSC1 = external square wave,from rail to rail; all I/O pins tri-stated, pulled to VDD; MCLR = VDD; WDT disabled.

2: The supply current is mainly a function of the operating voltage and frequency. Other factors such as I/Opin loading and switching rate, oscillator type, internal code execution pattern, and temperature also havean impact on the current consumption.




PIC12F629/675


12.3 DC Characteristics: PIC12F629/675-I (Industrial)Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated)Operating temperature -40pC TA +85pC for industrial


Conditions

VDD Note

D020 Power-down Base Current(IPD)

� 0.99 700 nA 2.0 WDT, BOD, Comparators, VREF, and T1OSC disabled� 1.2 770 nA 3.0

� 2.9 995 nA 5.0D021 � 0.3 1.5 kA 2.0 WDT Current(1)

� 1.8 3.5 kA 3.0� 8.4 17 kA 5.0

D022 � 58 70 kA 3.0 BOD Current(1)

� 109 130 kA 5.0D023 � 3.3 6.5 kA 2.0 Comparator Current(1)

� 6.1 8.5 kA 3.0� 11.5 16 kA 5.0

D024 � 58 70 kA 2.0 CVREF Current(1)

� 85 100 kA 3.0� 138 160 kA 5.0

D025 � 4.0 6.5 kA 2.0 T1 OSC Current(1)

� 4.6 7.0 kA 3.0� 6.0 10.5 kA 5.0

D026 � 1.2 775 nA 3.0 A/D Current(1)

� 0.0022 1.0 kA 5.0� Data in �Typ� column is at 5.0V, 25pC unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance


Note 1: The peripheral current is the sum of the base IDD or IPD and the additional current consumed when thisperipheral is enabled. The peripheral current can be determined by subtracting the base IDD or IPDcurrent from this limit. Max values should be used when calculating total current consumption.

2: The power-down current in SLEEP mode does not depend on the oscillator type. Power-down current ismeasured with the part in SLEEP mode, with all I/O pins in hi-impedance state and tied to VDD.





PIC12F629/67512.4 DC Characteristics: PIC12F629/675-E (Extended)

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated)Operating temperature -40pC TA +125pC for extended


Conditions

VDD Note

D010E Supply Current (IDD) � 9 16 kA 2.0 FOSC = 32 kHzLP Oscillator Mode� 18 28 kA 3.0

� 35 54 kA 5.0D011E � 110 150 kA 2.0 FOSC = 1 MHz

XT Oscillator Mode� 190 280 kA 3.0� 330 450 kA 5.0

D012E � 220 280 kA 2.0 FOSC = 4 MHzXT Oscillator Mode� 370 650 kA 3.0

� 0.6 1.4 mA 5.0D013E � 70 110 kA 2.0 FOSC = 1 MHz

EC Oscillator Mode� 140 250 kA 3.0� 260 390 kA 5.0

D014E � 180 250 kA 2.0 FOSC = 4 MHzEC Oscillator Mode� 320 470 kA 3.0

� 580 850 kA 5.0D015E � 340 450 kA 2.0 FOSC = 4 MHz

INTOSC Mode� 500 780 kA 3.0� 0.8 1.1 mA 5.0

D016E � 180 250 kA 2.0 FOSC = 4 MHzEXTRC Mode� 320 450 kA 3.0

� 580 800 kA 5.0D017E � 2.1 2.95 mA 4.5 FOSC = 20 MHz

HS Oscillator Mode� 2.4 3.0 mA 5.0� Data in �Typ� column is at 5.0V, 25pC unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance


Note 1: The test conditions for all IDD measurements in Active Operation mode are: OSC1 = external square wave,from rail to rail; all I/O pins tri-stated, pulled to VDD; MCLR = VDD; WDT disabled.

2: The supply current is mainly a function of the operating voltage and frequency. Other factors such as I/Opin loading and switching rate, oscillator type, internal code execution pattern, and temperature also havean impact on the current consumption.




PIC12F629/675


12.5 DC Characteristics: PIC12F629/675-E (Extended)

Standard Operating Conditions (unless otherwise stated)Operating temperature -40pC TA +125pC for extended


Conditions

VDD Note

D020E Power-down Base Current (IPD)

� 0.00099 3.5 kA 2.0 WDT, BOD, Comparators, VREF, and T1OSC disabled� 0.0012 4.0 kA 3.0

� 0.0029 8.0 kA 5.0D021E � 0.3 6.0 kA 2.0 WDT Current(1)

� 1.8 9.0 kA 3.0� 8.4 20 kA 5.0

D022E � 58 70 kA 3.0 BOD Current(1)

� 109 130 kA 5.0D023E � 3.3 10 kA 2.0 Comparator Current(1)

� 6.1 13 kA 3.0� 11.5 24 kA 5.0

D024E � 58 70 kA 2.0 CVREF Current(1)

� 85 100 kA 3.0� 138 165 kA 5.0

D025E � 4.0 10 kA 2.0 T1 OSC Current(1)

� 4.6 12 kA 3.0� 6.0 20 kA 5.0

D026E � 0.0012 6.0 kA 3.0 A/D Current(1)

� 0.0022 8.5 kA 5.0� Data in �Typ� column is at 5.0V, 25pC unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance


Note 1: The peripheral current is the sum of the base IDD or IPD and the additional current consumed when thisperipheral is enabled. The peripheral current can be determined by subtracting the base IDD or IPDcurrent from this limit. Max values should be used when calculating total current consumption.

2: The power-down current in SLEEP mode does not depend on the oscillator type. Power-down current ismeasured with the part in SLEEP mode, with all I/O pins in hi-impedance state and tied to VDD.





PIC12F629/67512.6 DC Characteristics: PIC12F629/675-I (Industrial), PIC12F629/675-E (Extended)



ParamNo. Sym Characteristic Min Typ� Max Units Conditions

Input Low VoltageVIL I/O ports

D030 with TTL buffer VSS � 0.8 V 4.5V VDD 5.5VD030A VSS � 0.15 VDD V OtherwiseD031 with Schmitt Trigger buffer VSS � 0.2 VDD V Entire rangeD032 MCLR, OSC1 (RC mode) VSS � 0.2 VDD VD033 OSC1 (XT and LP modes) VSS � 0.3 V (Note 1)D033A OSC1 (HS mode) VSS � 0.3 VDD V (Note 1)

Input High VoltageVIH I/O ports �

D040D040A

with TTL buffer 2.0(0.25 VDD+0.8)

��

VDDVDD

VV

4.5V VDD 5.5Votherwise

D041 with Schmitt Trigger buffer 0.8 VDD � VDD entire rangeD042 MCLR 0.8 VDD � VDD VD043 OSC1 (XT and LP modes) 1.6 � VDD V (Note 1)D043A OSC1 (HS mode) 0.7 VDD � VDD V (Note 1)D043B OSC1 (RC mode) 0.9 VDD � VDD VD070 IPUR GPIO Weak Pull-up Current 50* 250 400* kA VDD = 5.0V, VPIN = VSS

Input Leakage Current(3)

D060 IIL I/O ports � o 0ò1 o 1 kA VSS VPIN VDD, Pin at hi-impedance

D060A Analog inputs � o 0ò1 o 1 kA VSS VPIN VDD

D060B VREF � o 0ò1 o 1 kA VSS VPIN VDD

D061 MCLR(2) � o 0ò1 o 5 kA VSS VPIN VDD

D063 OSC1 � o 0ò1 o 5 kA VSS VPIN VDD, XT, HS and LP osc configuration

Output Low VoltageD080 VOL I/O ports � � 0.6 V IOL = 8.5 mA, VDD = 4.5V (Ind.)D083 OSC2/CLKOUT (RC mode) � � 0.6 V IOL = 1.6 mA, VDD = 4.5V (Ind.)

IOL = 1.2 mA, VDD = 4.5V (Ext.)Output High Voltage

D090 VOH I/O ports VDD - 0.7 � � V IOH = -3.0 mA, VDD = 4.5V (Ind.)D092 OSC2/CLKOUT (RC mode) VDD - 0.7 � � V IOH = -1.3 mA, VDD = 4.5V (Ind.)

IOH = -1.0 mA, VDD = 4.5V (Ext.)* These parameters are characterized but not tested.� Data in �Typ� column is at 5.0V, 25pC unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance

only and are not tested.Note 1: In RC oscillator configuration, the OSC1/CLKIN pin is a Schmitt Trigger input. It is not recommended to use

an external clock in RC mode.2: The leakage current on the MCLR pin is strongly dependent on the applied voltage level. The specified levels

represent normal operating conditions. Higher leakage current may be measured at different input voltages.3: Negative current is defined as current sourced by the pin.




PIC12F629/675


12.7 DC Characteristics: PIC12F629/675-I (Industrial), PIC12F629/675-E (Extended) (Cont.)




Capacitive Loading Specs on Output Pins

D100 COSC2 OSC2 pin � � 15* pF In XT, HS and LP modes when external clock is used to drive OSC1

D101 CIO All I/O pins � � 50* pFData EEPROM Memory

D120 ED Byte Endurance 100K 1M � E/W -40pC TA +85°CD120A ED Byte Endurance 10K 100K � E/W +85°C TA +125°CD121 VDRW VDD for Read/Write VMIN � 5.5 V Using EECON to read/write

VMIN = Minimum operating voltage

D122 TDEW Erase/Write cycle time � 5 6 msD123 TRETD Characteristic Retention 40 � � Year Provided no other specifications

are violatedD124 TREF Number of Total Erase/Write

Cycles before Refresh(1)1M 10M � E/W -40pC TA +85°C

Program FLASH MemoryD130 EP Cell Endurance 10K 100K � E/W -40pC TA +85°CD130A ED Cell Endurance 1K 10K � E/W +85°C TA +125°CD131 VPR VDD for Read VMIN � 5.5 V VMIN = Minimum operating

voltageD132 VPEW VDD for Erase/Write 4.5 � 5.5 VD133 TPEW Erase/Write cycle time � 2 2.5 msD134 TRETD Characteristic Retention 40 � � Year Provided no other specifications

are violated* These parameters are characterized but not tested.� Data in �Typ� column is at 5.0V, 25pC unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance


Note 1: See Section 8.5.1 for additional information.





PIC12F629/67512.8 TIMING PARAMETER SYMBOLOGY

The timing parameter symbols have been created withone of the following formats:

FIGURE 12-4: LOAD CONDITIONS

1. TppS2ppS2. TppST

F Frequency T TimeLowercase letters (pp) and their meanings:

ppcc CCP1 osc OSC1ck CLKOUT rd RDcs CS rw RD or WRdi SDI sc SCKdo SDO ss SSdt Data in t0 T0CKIio I/O port t1 T1CKImc MCLR wr WRUppercase letters and their meanings:

SF Fall P PeriodH High R RiseI Invalid (Hi-impedance) V ValidL Low Z Hi-impedance

VDD/2

CL

RL

Pin Pin

VSS VSS

CL

RL = 464

CL = 50 pF for all pins

15 pF for OSC2 output

Load Condition 1 Load Condition 2




PIC12F629/675


12.9 AC CHARACTERISTICS: PIC12F629/675 (INDUSTRIAL, EXTENDED)

FIGURE 12-5: EXTERNAL CLOCK TIMING

TABLE 12-1: EXTERNAL CLOCK TIMING REQUIREMENTS


FOSC External CLKIN Frequency(1) DC � 37 kHz LP Osc mode DC � 4 MHz XT modeDC � 20 MHz HS modeDC � 20 MHz EC mode

Oscillator Frequency(1) 5 � 37 kHz LP Osc mode� 4 � MHz INTOSC modeDC � 4 MHz RC Osc mode0.1 � 4 MHz XT Osc mode1 � 20 MHz HS Osc mode

1 TOSC External CLKIN Period(1) 27 � ks LP Osc mode50 � ns HS Osc mode50 � ns EC Osc mode

250 � ns XT Osc mode

Oscillator Period(1) 27 200 ks LP Osc mode� 250 � ns INTOSC mode

250 � � ns RC Osc mode250 � 10,000 ns XT Osc mode50 � 1,000 ns HS Osc mode

2 TCY Instruction Cycle Time(1) 200 TCY DC ns TCY = 4/FOSC 3 TosL,

TosHExternal CLKIN (OSC1) HighExternal CLKIN Low

2* � � ks LP oscillator, TOSC L/H duty cycle20* � � ns HS oscillator, TOSC L/H duty

cycle100 * � � ns XT oscillator, TOSC L/H duty cycle

4 TosR,TosF

External CLKIN RiseExternal CLKIN Fall

� � 50* ns LP oscillator� � 25* ns XT oscillator� � 15* ns HS oscillator

* These parameters are characterized but not tested.� Data in �Typ� column is at 5V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only

and are not tested.

Note 1: Instruction cycle period (TCY) equals four times the input oscillator time-base period. All specified values are based on characterization data for that particular oscillator type under standard operating conditions with the device executing code. Exceeding these specified limits may result in an unstable oscillator operation and/or higher than expected current consumption. All devices are tested to operate at �min� values with an external clock applied to OSC1 pin. When an external clock input is used, the �max� cycle time limit is �DC� (no clock) for all devices.

OSC1

CLKOUT

Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q1

1

23 3 4 4





PIC12F629/675TABLE 12-2: PRECISION INTERNAL OSCILLATOR PARAMETERS

Param No. Sym Characteristic Freq

Tolerance Min Typ� Max Units Conditions

F10 FOSC Internal Calibrated INTOSC Frequency

o1 3.96 4.00 4.04 MHz VDD = 3.5V, 25pCo2 3.92 4.00 4.08 MHz 2.5V VDD 5.5V

0pC TA +85pCo5 3.80 4.00 4.20 MHz 2.0V VDD 5.5V

-40pC TA +85pC (IND)-40pC TA +125pC (EXT)

F14 TIOSCST

Oscillator Wake-up from SLEEP start-up time*

� � 6 8 ks VDD = 2.0V, -40pC to +85pC� � 4 6 ks VDD = 3.0V, -40pC to +85pC� � 3 5 ks VDD = 5.0V, -40pC to +85pC

* These parameters are characterized but not tested.� Data in �Typ� column is at 5.0V, 25pC unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance





PIC12F629/675


FIGURE 12-6: CLKOUT AND I/O TIMING

TABLE 12-3: CLKOUT AND I/O TIMING REQUIREMENTS

OSC1

CLKOUT

I/O pin(Input)

I/O pin(Output)

Q4 Q1 Q2 Q3

10

13

14

17

20, 21

2223

19 18

15

11

12

16

Old Value New Value


10 TosH2ckL OSC1 to CLK-OUT

� 75 200 ns (Note 1)

11 TosH2ckH OSC1 to CLK-OUT

� 75 200 ns (Note 1)

12 TckR CLKOUT rise time � 35 100 ns (Note 1)13 TckF CLKOUT fall time � 35 100 ns (Note 1)14 TckL2ioV CLKOUT to Port out valid � � 20 ns (Note 1)15 TioV2ckH Port in valid before CLKOUT TOSC + 200

ns� � ns (Note 1)

16 TckH2ioI Port in hold after CLKOUT 0 � � ns (Note 1)17 TosH2ioV OSC1 (Q1 cycle) to Port out valid � 50 150 * ns

� � 300 ns

18 TosH2ioI OSC1 (Q2 cycle) to Port input invalid (I/O in hold time)

100 � � ns

19 TioV2osH Port input valid to OSC1(I/O in setup time)

0 � � ns

20 TioR Port output rise time � 10 40 ns

21 TioF Port output fall time � 10 40 ns

22 Tinp INT pin high or low time 25 � � ns

23 Trbp GPIO change INT high or low time TCY � � ns

* These parameters are characterized but not tested.� Data in �Typ� column is at 5.0V, 25pC unless otherwise stated.

Note 1: Measurements are taken in RC mode where CLKOUT output is 4xTOSC.





PIC12F629/675FIGURE 12-7: RESET, WATCHDOG TIMER, OSCILLATOR START-UP TIMER AND

POWER-UP TIMER TIMING

FIGURE 12-8: BROWN-OUT DETECT TIMING AND CHARACTERISTICS

VDD

MCLR

InternalPOR

PWRTTime-out

OSCTime-out

InternalRESET

WatchdogTimer

Reset

33

32

30

3134

I/O Pins

34

BVDD

RESET (due to BOD)

VDD

(Device in Brown-out Detect)

(Device not in Brown-out Detect)

72 ms time-out(1)

35

Note 1: 72 ms delay only if PWRTE bit in configuration word is programmed to �0�.




PIC12F629/675


TABLE 12-4: RESET, WATCHDOG TIMER, OSCILLATOR START-UP TIMER, POWER-UP TIMER, AND BROWN-OUT DETECT REQUIREMENTS


30 TMCL MCLR Pulse Width (low) 2TBD

�TBD

�TBD

ksms

VDD = 5V, -40°C to +85°CExtended temperature

31 TWDT Watchdog Timer Time-out Period (No Prescaler)

1010

1717

2530

msms

VDD = 5V, -40°C to +85°CExtended temperature

32 TOST Oscillation Start-up Timer Period

� 1024TOSC � � TOSC = OSC1 period

33* TPWRT Power-up Timer Period 28*TBD

72TBD

132*TBD

msms

VDD = 5V, -40°C to +85°CExtended Temperature

34 TIOZ I/O Hi-impedance from MCLR Low or Watchdog Timer Reset

� � 2.0 ks

BVDD Brown-out Detect Voltage 2.025 � 2.175 V

Brown-out Hysteresis TBD � � �

35 TBOD Brown-out Detect Pulse Width 100* � � ks VDD BVDD (D005)

* These parameters are characterized but not tested.� Data in �Typ� column is at 5V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only

and are not tested.





PIC12F629/675FIGURE 12-9: TIMER0 AND TIMER1 EXTERNAL CLOCK TIMINGS

TABLE 12-5: TIMER0 AND TIMER1 EXTERNAL CLOCK REQUIREMENTS

T0CKI

T1CKI

40 41

42

45 46

47 48

TMR0 orTMR1


40* Tt0H T0CKI High Pulse Width No Prescaler 0.5 TCY + 20 � � nsWith Prescaler 10 � � ns

41* Tt0L T0CKI Low Pulse Width No Prescaler 0.5 TCY + 20 � � ns With Prescaler 10 � � ns

42* Tt0P T0CKI Period Greater of:20 or TCY + 40

N

� � ns N = prescale value (2, 4, ..., 256)

45* Tt1H T1CKI High Time Synchronous, No Prescaler 0.5 TCY + 20 � � ns Synchronous, with Prescaler

15 � � ns

Asynchronous 30 � � ns 46* Tt1L T1CKI Low Time Synchronous, No Prescaler 0.5 TCY + 20 � � ns

Synchronous, with Prescaler

15 � � ns

Asynchronous 30 � � ns 47* Tt1P T1CKI Input

Period Synchronous Greater of:

30 or TCY + 40 N

� � ns N = prescale value (1, 2, 4, 8)

Asynchronous 60 � � ns Ft1 Timer1 oscillator input frequency range

(oscillator enabled by setting bit T1OSCEN)DC � 200* kHz

48 TCKEZtmr1 Delay from external clock edge to timer increment 2 TOSC* � 7 TOSC*

�

* These parameters are characterized but not tested.� Data in �Typ� column is at 5V, 25°C unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only and are

not tested.




PIC12F629/675


TABLE 12-6: COMPARATOR SPECIFICATIONS

TABLE 12-7: COMPARATOR VOLTAGE REFERENCE SPECIFICATIONS

Comparator Specifications Standard Operating Conditions -40°C to +125°C (unless otherwise stated)

Sym Characteristics Min Typ Max Units Comments

VOS Input Offset Voltage � o 5.0 o 10 mV

VCM Input Common Mode Voltage 0 � VDD - 1.5 V

CMRR Common Mode Rejection Ratio +55* � � db

TRT Response Time(1) � 150 400* ns

TMC2COV Comparator Mode Change to Output Valid

� � 10* ks

* These parameters are characterized but not tested.

Note 1: Response time measured with one comparator input at (VDD - 1.5)/2 while the other input transitions from VSS to VDD - 1.5V.

Voltage Reference Specifications Standard Operating Conditions -40°C to +125°C (unless otherwise stated)

Sym Characteristics Min Typ Max Units Comments

Resolution ��

VDD/24*VDD/32

��

LSbLSb

Low Range (VRR = 1)High Range (VRR = 0)

Absolute Accuracy ��

��

o 1/2o 1/2*

LSbLSb

Low Range (VRR = 1)High Range (VRR = 0)

Unit Resistor Value (R) � 2k* �

Settling Time(1) � � 10* ks

* These parameters are characterized but not tested.

Note 1: Settling time measured while VRR = 1 and VR<3:0> transitions from ðððð to ïïïï.





PIC12F629/675TABLE 12-8: PIC12F675 A/D CONVERTER CHARACTERISTICS:


A01 NR Resolution � � 10 bits bit

A02 EABS Total Absolute Error*

� � o1 LSb VREF = 5.0V

A03 EIL Integral Error � � o1 LSb VREF = 5.0V

A04 EDL Differential Error � � o1 LSb No missing codes to 10 bitsVREF = 5.0V

A05 EFS Full Scale Range 2.2* � 5.5* V

A06 EOFF Offset Error � � o1 LSb VREF = 5.0V

A07 EGN Gain Error � � o1 LSb VREF = 5.0V

A10 � Monotonicity � guaranteed(3) � � VSS VAIN VREF+

A20A20A

VREF Reference Voltage 2.02.5

� �VDD + 0.3

VAbsolute minimum to ensure 10-bit accuracy

A21 VREF Reference V High(VDD or VREF)

VSS � VDD V

A25 VAIN Analog Input Voltage

VSS � VREF V

A30 ZAIN Recommended Impedance of Analog Voltage Source

� � 10 k

A50 IREF VREF Input Current(2)

10

�

�

�

1000

10

kA

kA

During VAIN acquisition. Based on differential of VHOLD to VAIN.During A/D conversion cycle.

* These parameters are characterized but not tested.� Data in �Typ� column is at 5.0V, 25pC unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only

and are not tested.

Note 1: When A/D is off, it will not consume any current other than leakage current. The power-down current specincludes any such leakage from the A/D module.

2: VREF current is from External VREF or VDD pin, whichever is selected as reference input.

3: The A/D conversion result never decreases with an increase in the input voltage and has no missing codes.




PIC12F629/675


FIGURE 12-10: PIC12F675 A/D CONVERSION TIMING (NORMAL MODE)

TABLE 12-9: PIC12F675 A/D CONVERSION REQUIREMENTS

131

130

132

BSF ADCON0, GO

Q4

A/D CLK

A/D DATA

ADRES

ADIF

GO

SAMPLE

OLD_DATA

SAMPLING STOPPED

DONE

NEW_DATA

9 8 7 3 2 1 0

Note 1: If the A/D clock source is selected as RC, a time of TCY is added before the A/D clock starts. This allows the ÍÔÛÛÐ instruction to be executed.

1 TCY

6

134 (TOSC/2)(1)

1 TCY


130 TAD A/D Clock Period 1.6 � � ks TOSC based, VREF 3.0V3.0* � � ks TOSC based, VREF full range

130 TAD A/D Internal RC Oscillator Period 3.0* 6.0 9.0* ks

ADCS<1:0> = ïï (RC mode)At VDD = 2.5V

2.0* 4.0 6.0* ks At VDD = 5.0V131 TCNV Conversion Time

(not including Acquisition Time)(1)

� 11 � TAD Set GO bit to new data in A/D result register

132 TACQ Acquisition Time (Note 2)

5*

11.5

�

�

�

ks

ks The minimum time is the amplifier settling time. This may be used if the �new� input voltage has not changed by more than 1 LSb (i.e., 4.1 mV @ 4.096V) from the last sampled voltage (as stored on CHOLD).

134 TGO Q4 to A/D Clock Start

� TOSC/2 � � If the A/D clock source is selected as RC, a time of TCY is added before the A/D clock starts. This allows the ÍÔÛÛÐ instruction to be executed.

* These parameters are characterized but not tested.� Data in �Typ� column is at 5.0V, 25pC unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance only

and are not tested.

Note 1: ADRES register may be read on the following TCY cycle.2: See Section 7.1 for minimum conditions.





PIC12F629/675FIGURE 12-11: PIC12F675 A/D CONVERSION TIMING (SLEEP MODE)

TABLE 12-10: PIC12F675 A/D CONVERSION REQUIREMENTS (SLEEP MODE)


130 TAD A/D Clock Period 1.6 � � ks VREF 3.0V3.0* � � ks VREF full range

130 TAD A/D Internal RC Oscillator Period 3.0* 6.0 9.0* ks

ADCS<1:0> = ïï (RC mode)At VDD = 2.5V

2.0* 4.0 6.0* ks At VDD = 5.0V131 TCNV Conversion Time

(not including Acquisition Time)(1)

� 11 � TAD

132 TACQ Acquisition Time (Note 2)

5*

11.5

�

�

�

ks

ks The minimum time is the amplifier settling time. This may be used if the �new� input voltage has not changed by more than 1 LSb (i.e., 4.1 mV @ 4.096V) from the last sampled voltage (as stored on CHOLD).

134 TGO Q4 to A/D Clock Start

� TOSC/2 + TCY � � If the A/D clock source is selected as RC, a time of TCY is added before the A/D clock starts. This allows the ÍÔÛÛÐ instruction to be executed.

* These parameters are characterized but not tested.� Data in �Typ� column is at 5.0V, 25pC unless otherwise stated. These parameters are for design guidance

only and are not tested.Note 1: ADRES register may be read on the following TCY cycle.

2: See Section 7.1 for minimum conditions.

131

130

BSF ADCON0, GO

Q4

A/D CLK

A/D DATA

ADRES

ADIF

GO

SAMPLE

OLD_DATA

SAMPLING STOPPED

DONE

NEW_DATA

9 7 3 2 1 0

Note 1: If the A/D clock source is selected as RC, a time of TCY is added before the A/D clock starts. This allows the ÍÔÛÛÐ instruction to be executed.

134

68

132

1 TCY(TOSC/2 + TCY)(1)

1 TCY




PIC12F629/675


NOTES:





PIC12F629/675

13.0 DC AND AC CHARACTERISTICS GRAPHS AND TABLESThe graphs and tables provided in this section are for design guidance and are not tested.

In some graphs or tables, the data presented are outside specified operating range (i.e., outside specified VDDrange). This is for information only and devices are ensured to operate properly only within the specified range.

The data presented in this section is a statistical summary of data collected on units from different lots over a periodof time and matrix samples. 'Typical' represents the mean of the distribution at 25°C. 'Max' or 'min' represents(mean + 3 ) or (mean - 3 ) respectively, where is standard deviation, over the whole temperature range.

FIGURE 13-1: TYPICAL IPD vs. VDD OVER TEMP (-40°C TO +25°C)

FIGURE 13-2: TYPICAL IPD vs. VDD OVER TEMP (+85°C)

Typical Baseline IPD

0.0E+00

1.0E-09

2.0E-09

3.0E-09

4.0E-09

5.0E-09

6.0E-09

2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5

VDD (V)

-40

0

25


0.0E+00

5.0E-08

1.0E-07

1.5E-07

2.0E-07

2.5E-07

3.0E-07

3.5E-07

2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5

VDD (V)

85




PIC12F629/675


FIGURE 13-3: TYPICAL IPD vs. VDD OVER TEMP (+125°C)

FIGURE 13-4: MAXIMUM IPD vs. VDD OVER TEMP (-40°C TO +25°C)


0.0E+00

5.0E-07

1.0E-06

1.5E-06

2.0E-06

2.5E-06

3.0E-06

3.5E-06

4.0E-06

2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5

VDD (V)

125

Maximum Baseline IPD

0.0E+001.0E-082.0E-083.0E-084.0E-085.0E-086.0E-087.0E-088.0E-089.0E-081.0E-07

2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5

VDD (V)

-40

0

25





PIC12F629/675FIGURE 13-5: MAXIMUM IPD vs. VDD OVER TEMP (+85°C)

FIGURE 13-6: MAXIMUM IPD vs. VDD OVER TEMP (+125°C)


0.0E+001.0E-072.0E-073.0E-074.0E-075.0E-076.0E-077.0E-078.0E-079.0E-07

2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5

VDD (V)

85


0.0E+00

1.0E-062.0E-06

3.0E-064.0E-06

5.0E-066.0E-06

7.0E-06

8.0E-069.0E-06

2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5

VDD (V)

125




PIC12F629/675


FIGURE 13-7: TYPICAL IPD WITH BOD ENABLED vs. VDD OVER TEMP (-40°C TO +125°C)

FIGURE 13-8: TYPICAL IPD WITH CMP ENABLED vs. VDD OVER TEMP (-40°C TO +125°C)

Typical BOD IPD

50

60

70

80

90

100

110

120

130

3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5

VÜÜ (V)

-40

0

25

85

125

Typical Comparator IPD

0.0E+00

2.0E-06

4.0E-06

6.0E-06

8.0E-06

1.0E-05

1.2E-05

1.4E-05

1.6E-05

1.8E-05

2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5

VDD (V)

-40

0

25

85

125





PIC12F629/675FIGURE 13-9: TYPICAL IPD WITH A/D ENABLED vs. VDD OVER TEMP (-40°C TO +25°C)

FIGURE 13-10: TYPICAL IPD WITH A/D ENABLED vs. VDD OVER TEMP (+85°C)

Typical A/D IPD

0.0E+005.0E-101.0E-091.5E-092.0E-092.5E-093.0E-093.5E-094.0E-094.5E-095.0E-09

2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5

VDD (V)

-40

0

25

Typical A/D IPD

0.0E+00

5.0E-08

1.0E-07

1.5E-07

2.0E-07

2.5E-07

3.0E-07

3.5E-07

2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5

VÜÜ (V)

85




PIC12F629/675


FIGURE 13-11: TYPICAL IPD WITH A/D ENABLED vs. VDD OVER TEMP (+125°C)

FIGURE 13-12: TYPICAL IPD WITH T1 OSC ENABLED vs. VDD OVER TEMP (-40°C TO +125°C), 32 KHZ, C1 AND C2=50 pF)

Typical A/D IPD

0.0E+00

5.0E-07

1.0E-06

1.5E-06

2.0E-06

2.5E-06

3.0E-06

3.5E-06

2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5

VÜÜ (V)

125

Typical T1 IPD

0.00E+00

2.00E-06

4.00E-06

6.00E-06

8.00E-06

1.00E-05

1.20E-05

2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5

VÜÜ (V)

-40

0

25

85

125





PIC12F629/675FIGURE 13-13: TYPICAL IPD WITH CVREF ENABLED vs. VDD OVER TEMP (-40°C TO +125°C)

FIGURE 13-14: TYPICAL IPD WITH WDT ENABLED vs. VDD OVER TEMP (-40°C TO +125°C)

Typical CVREF IPD

40

60

80

100

120

140

160

2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5

VÜÜ (V)

-40

0

25

85

125

Typical WDT IPD

0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

16

2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5

VDD (V)

-40

0

25

85

125




PIC12F629/675


FIGURE 13-15: MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM INTOSC FREQ vs. TEMPERATURE WITH 0.1kF AND 0.01kF DECOUPLING (VDD = 3.5V)

FIGURE 13-16: MAXIMUM AND MINIMUM INTOSC FREQ vs. VDD WITH 0.1kF AND 0.01kF DECOUPLING (+25°C)

Internal OscillatorFrequency vs Temperature

3.80E+063.85E+06

3.90E+063.95E+064.00E+06

4.05E+064.10E+06

4.15E+064.20E+06

-40°C 0°C 25°C 85°C 125°C

Temperature (°C)

-3sigma

average

+3sigma

Internal OscillatorFrequency vs VDD

3.80E+063.85E+063.90E+063.95E+064.00E+064.05E+064.10E+064.15E+064.20E+06

2.0V 2.5V 3.0V 3.5V 4.0V 4.5V 5.0V 5.5V

VDD (V)

-3sigma

average

+3sigma





PIC12F629/675FIGURE 13-17: TYPICAL WDT PERIOD vs. VDD (-40pC TO +125pC)

WDT Time-out

05

101520253035404550

2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 5.5

VDD (V)

-40

0

25

85

125




PIC12F629/675


NOTES:





PIC12F629/675

14.0 PACKAGING INFORMATION

14.1 Package Marking Information

XXXXXNNN

8-Lead PDIP (Skinny DIP) Example

XXXXXXXX

YYWW /01712F629-I

0215

XXXXYYWW

8-Lead SOIC

XXXXXXXX

NNN/0215

Example

12F629-E

017

8-Lead DFN-S

XXXXXXX

NNN

XXXXXXX

XXYYWW -E/021

017

12F629

0215

Example

Legend: XX...X Customer-specific informationY Year code (last digit of calendar year)YY Year code (last 2 digits of calendar year)WW Week code (week of January 1 is week �01�)NNN Alphanumeric traceability code Pb-free JEDEC designator for Matte Tin (Sn)* This package is Pb-free. The Pb-free JEDEC designator ( )

can be found on the outer packaging for this package.

Note: In the event the full Microchip part number cannot be marked on one line, it willbe carried over to the next line, thus limiting the number of availablecharacters for customer-specific information.

í»

í»

í»

í»

í»




PIC12F629/675


14.2 Package DetailsThe following sections give the technical details of the packages.

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PIC12F629/675

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PIC12F629/675

APPENDIX A: DATA SHEET REVISION HISTORY

Revision AThis is a new data sheet.

Revision BAdded characterization graphs.

Updated specifications.

Added notes to indicate Microchip programmersmaintain all calibration bits to factory settings and thePIC12F675 ANSEL register must be initialized toconfigure pins as digital I/O.

Updated MLF-S package name to DFN-S.

Revision C

Revision D (01/2007)Updated Package Drawings; Replace PICmicro withPIC; Revised Product ID example (b).

Revision E (03/2007)Replaced Package Drawings (Rev. AM); ReplacedDevelopment Support Section.

APPENDIX B: DEVICE DIFFERENCES

The differences between the PIC12F629/675 deviceslisted in this data sheet are shown in Table B-1.

TABLE B-1: DEVICE DIFFERENCES

Feature PIC12F629 PIC12F675

A/D No Yes




PIC12F629/675


APPENDIX C: DEVICE MIGRATIONSThis section is intended to describe the functional andelectrical specification differences when migratingbetween functionally similar devices (such as from aPIC16C74A to a PIC16C74B).

Not Applicable

APPENDIX D: MIGRATING FROM OTHER PIC® DEVICES

This discusses some of the issues in migrating fromother PIC devices to the PIC12F6XX family of devices.

D.1 PIC12C67X to PIC12F6XX

TABLE 1: FEATURE COMPARISON

Feature PIC12C67X PIC12F6XX

Max Operating Speed 10 MHz 20 MHz Max Program Memory 2048 bytes 1024 bytes

A/D Resolution 8-bit 10-bitData EEPROM 16 bytes 64 bytes

Oscillator Modes 5 8Brown-out Detect N YInternal Pull-ups GP0/1/3 GP0/1/2/4/5

Interrupt-on-change GP0/1/3 GP0/1/2/3/4/5Comparator N Y

Note: This device has been designed to performto the parameters of its data sheet. It hasbeen tested to an electrical specificationdesigned to determine its conformancewith these parameters. Due to processdifferences in the manufacture of thisdevice, this device may have differentperformance characteristics than its earlierversion. These differences may cause thisdevice to perform differently in yourapplication than the earlier version of thisdevice.





PIC12F629/675INDEX AA/D...................................................................................... 41

Acquisition Requirements ........................................... 45Block Diagram............................................................. 41Calculating Acquisition Time....................................... 45Configuration and Operation....................................... 41Effects of a RESET..................................................... 46Internal Sampling Switch (Rss) Impedance................ 45Operation During SLEEP............................................ 46PIC12F675 Converter Characteristics ...................... 101Source Impedance...................................................... 45Summary of Registers ................................................ 46

Absolute Maximum Ratings ................................................ 83AC Characteristics

Industrial and Extended .............................................. 94Additional Pin Functions ..................................................... 19

Interrupt-on-Change.................................................... 21Weak Pull-up............................................................... 19

Analog Input Connection Considerations............................ 38Analog-to-Digital Converter. See A/DAssembler

MPASM Assembler..................................................... 77BBlock Diagram

TMR0/WDT Prescaler................................................. 27Block Diagrams

Analog Input Mode...................................................... 38Analog Input Model ..................................................... 45Comparator Output ..................................................... 38Comparator Voltage Reference .................................. 39GP0 and GP1 Pins...................................................... 22GP2............................................................................. 23GP3............................................................................. 23GP4............................................................................. 24GP5............................................................................. 24On-Chip Reset Circuit ................................................. 55RC Oscillator Mode..................................................... 54Timer1......................................................................... 30Watchdog Timer.......................................................... 65

Brown-outAssociated Registers .................................................. 58

Brown-out Detect (BOD) ..................................................... 57Brown-out Detect Timing and Characteristics..................... 97CC Compilers

MPLAB C17 ................................................................ 78MPLAB C18 ................................................................ 78MPLAB C30 ................................................................ 78

Calibrated Internal RC Frequencies.................................... 95CLKOUT ............................................................................. 54Code Examples

Changing Prescaler .................................................... 29Data EEPROM Read .................................................. 49Data EEPROM Write .................................................. 49Initializing GPIO .......................................................... 19Saving STATUS and W Registers in RAM ................. 64Write Verify ................................................................. 49

Code Protection .................................................................. 67Comparator ......................................................................... 35

Associated Registers .................................................. 40Configuration............................................................... 37Effects of a RESET..................................................... 39I/O Operating Modes................................................... 37Interrupts..................................................................... 40

Operation.................................................................... 36Operation During SLEEP............................................ 39Output......................................................................... 38Reference................................................................... 39Response Time .......................................................... 39

Comparator Specifications................................................ 100Comparator Voltage Reference Specifications................. 100Configuration Bits ............................................................... 52Configuring the Voltage Reference..................................... 39Crystal Operation................................................................ 53DData EEPROM Memory

Associated Registers/Bits........................................... 50Code Protection.......................................................... 50EEADR Register......................................................... 47EECON1 Register ...................................................... 47EECON2 Register ...................................................... 47EEDATA Register....................................................... 47

Data Memory Organization................................................... 7DC Characteristics

Extended and Industrial .............................................. 91Industrial ..................................................................... 86

Demonstration BoardsPICDEM 1................................................................... 80PICDEM 17................................................................. 80PICDEM 18R PIC18C601/801 ................................... 81PICDEM 2 Plus........................................................... 80PICDEM 3 PIC16C92X............................................... 80PICDEM LIN PIC16C43X........................................... 81PICDEM USB PIC16C7X5 ......................................... 81PICDEM.net Internet/Ethernet .................................... 80

Development Support......................................................... 77Device Differences............................................................ 121Device Migrations ............................................................. 122Device Overview................................................................... 5EEEPROM Data Memory

Reading ...................................................................... 49Spurious Write ............................................................ 49Write Verify ................................................................. 49Writing ........................................................................ 49

Electrical Specifications...................................................... 83Errata.................................................................................... 3Evaluation and Programming Tools.................................... 81FFirmware Instructions ......................................................... 69GGeneral Purpose Register File ............................................. 7GPIO

Associated Registers.................................................. 25GPIO Port ........................................................................... 19GPIO, TRISIO Registers..................................................... 19IID Locations........................................................................ 67In-Circuit Debugger............................................................. 67In-Circuit Serial Programming............................................. 67Indirect Addressing, INDF and FSR Registers ................... 18Instruction Format............................................................... 69Instruction Set..................................................................... 69

ADDLW....................................................................... 71ADDWF ...................................................................... 71ANDLW....................................................................... 71ANDWF ...................................................................... 71BCF ............................................................................ 71




PIC12F629/675


BSF............................................................................. 71BTFSC ........................................................................ 71BTFSS ........................................................................ 71CALL ........................................................................... 72CLRF........................................................................... 72CLRW ......................................................................... 72CLRWDT..................................................................... 72COMF ......................................................................... 72DECF .......................................................................... 72DECFSZ...................................................................... 73GOTO ......................................................................... 73INCF............................................................................ 73INCFSZ ....................................................................... 73IORLW ........................................................................ 73IORWF ........................................................................ 73MOVF.......................................................................... 74MOVLW ...................................................................... 74MOVWF ...................................................................... 74NOP ............................................................................ 74RETFIE ....................................................................... 74RETLW ....................................................................... 74RETURN ..................................................................... 75RLF ............................................................................. 75RRF............................................................................. 75SLEEP ........................................................................ 75SUBLW ....................................................................... 75SUBWF....................................................................... 75SWAPF ....................................................................... 76XORLW....................................................................... 76XORWF....................................................................... 76Summary Table...........................................................70

Internal 4 MHz Oscillator.....................................................54Internal Sampling Switch (Rss) Impedance ........................ 45Interrupts ............................................................................. 61

A/D Converter .............................................................63Comparator .................................................................63Context Saving............................................................ 64GP2/INT ...................................................................... 63GPIO........................................................................... 63Summary of Registers ................................................64TMR0 .......................................................................... 63

MMCLR.................................................................................. 56Memory Organization

Data EEPROM Memory..............................................47Migrating from other PIC Devices ..................................... 122MPLAB ASM30 Assembler, Linker, Librarian ..................... 78MPLAB ICD 2 In-Circuit Debugger...................................... 79MPLAB ICE 2000 High Performance Universal In-Circuit Emulator .............................................................. 79MPLAB ICE 4000 High Performance Universal In-Circuit Emulator .............................................................. 79MPLAB Integrated Development Environment Software .............................................................................. 77MPLINK Object Linker/MPLIB Object Librarian .................. 78OOPCODE Field Descriptions............................................... 69Oscillator Configurations .....................................................53Oscillator Start-up Timer (OST) .......................................... 56PPackaging ......................................................................... 115

Details ....................................................................... 116Marking ..................................................................... 115

PCL and PCLATH............................................................... 17Computed GOTO........................................................17

Stack........................................................................... 17PICkit 1 FLASH Starter Kit.................................................. 81PICSTART Plus Development Programmer....................... 79Pin Descriptions and Diagrams .......................................... 22Pinout Descriptions

PIC12F629 ................................................................... 6PIC12F675 ................................................................... 6

Power Control/Status Register (PCON).............................. 57Power-Down Mode (SLEEP) .............................................. 66Power-on Reset (POR)....................................................... 56Power-up Timer (PWRT) .................................................... 56Prescaler............................................................................. 29

Switching Prescaler Assignment ................................ 29PRO MATE II Universal Device Programmer ..................... 79Program Memory Organization............................................. 7Programming, Device Instructions...................................... 69

RRC Oscillator....................................................................... 54READ-MODIFY-WRITE OPERATIONS ............................. 69Registers

ADCON0 (A/D Control)............................................... 43ANSEL (Analog Select) .............................................. 44CMCON (Comparator Control) ................................... 35CONFIG (Configuration Word) ................................... 52EEADR (EEPROM Address) ...................................... 47EECON1 (EEPROM Control) ..................................... 48EEDAT (EEPROM Data) ............................................ 47INTCON (Interrupt Control)......................................... 13IOC (Interrupt-on-Change GPIO)................................ 21Maps

PIC12F629 ........................................................... 8PIC12F675 ........................................................... 8

OPTION_REG (Option) ........................................ 12, 28OSCCAL (Oscillator Calibration) ................................ 16PCON (Power Control) ............................................... 16PIE1 (Peripheral Interrupt Enable 1)........................... 14PIR1 (Peripheral Interrupt 1)....................................... 15STATUS ..................................................................... 11T1CON (Timer1 Control) ............................................ 32VRCON (Voltage Reference Control) ......................... 40WPU (Weak Pull-up)................................................... 20

RESET................................................................................ 55Revision History................................................................ 121SSoftware Simulator (MPLAB SIM) ...................................... 78Software Simulator (MPLAB SIM30) .................................. 78Special Features of the CPU .............................................. 51Special Function Registers ................................................... 8Special Functions Registers Summary................................. 9TTime-out Sequence ............................................................ 57Timer0................................................................................. 27

Associated Registers .................................................. 29External Clock............................................................. 28Interrupt ...................................................................... 27Operation.................................................................... 27T0CKI ......................................................................... 28

Timer1Associated Registers .................................................. 33Asynchronous Counter Mode ..................................... 33

Reading and Writing ........................................... 33Interrupt ...................................................................... 31Modes of Operations .................................................. 31Operation During SLEEP............................................ 33Oscillator..................................................................... 33





PIC12F629/675Prescaler..................................................................... 31

Timer1 Module with Gate Control ....................................... 30Timing Diagrams

CLKOUT and I/O......................................................... 96External Clock............................................................. 94INT Pin Interrupt.......................................................... 63PIC12F675 A/D Conversion (Normal Mode)............. 102PIC12F675 A/D Conversion Timing (SLEEP Mode) .......................................................... 103RESET, Watchdog Timer, Oscillator Start-up Timer and Power-up Timer ......................................... 97Time-out Sequence on Power-up (MCLR not Tied to VDD)

Case 1 ................................................................ 60Case 2 ................................................................ 60

Time-out Sequence on Power-up (MCLR Tied to VDD).................................................... 60Timer0 and Timer1 External Clock ............................. 99Timer1 Incrementing Edge.......................................... 31

Timing Parameter Symbology............................................. 93VVoltage Reference Accuracy/Error ..................................... 39WWatchdog Timer

Summary of Registers ................................................ 65Watchdog Timer (WDT) ...................................................... 64WWW, On-Line Support ....................................................... 3




PIC12F629/675


NOTES:





PIC12F629/675

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Technical support is available through the web siteat: http://support.microchip.com




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PIC12F629/675


READER RESPONSEIt is our intention to provide you with the best documentation possible to ensure successful use of your Microchip prod-uct. If you wish to provide your comments on organization, clarity, subject matter, and ways in which our documentationcan better serve you, please FAX your comments to the Technical Publications Manager at (480) 792-4150.

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DS41190EPIC12F629/675

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3. Do you find the organization of this document easy to follow? If not, why?

4. What additions to the document do you think would enhance the structure and subject?

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PIC12F629/675

PRODUCT IDENTIFICATION SYSTEMTo order or obtain information, e.g., on pricing or delivery, refer to the factory or the listed sales office.

* JW Devices are UV erasable and can be programmed to any device configuration. JW Devices meet the electrical requirement ofeach oscillator type.

PART NO. X /XX XXX

PatternPackageTemperatureRange

Device

Device: PIC12F6XX: Standard VDD range

PIC12F6XXT: (Tape and Reel)

Temperature Range: I = -40pC to +85pCE = -40pC to +125pC

Package: P = PDIPSN = SOIC (Gull wing, 3.90 mm body)MF = MLF-S

Pattern: 3-Digit Pattern Code for QTP (blank otherwise)

Examples:a) PIC12F629-E/P 301 = Extended Temp., PDIP

package, 20 MHz, QTP pattern #301b) PIC12F675-I/SN = Industrial Temp., SOIC

package, 20 MHz





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