Physiological Systems Modeling and Simulation

Federica CaselliUniversity of Rome “Tor Vergata”

A.A. 2011/2012

Physiological Systems Modeling and Simulation

Modeling

Simulation

Purpose of modeling

Understanding physiology

Diagnosis

Prediction

Artificial organ design

Virtual medicine

…

Modeling process:

Model formulation

Parameter identification

Model validation

Model simulation

(iterative process!)

Physiological Systems Modeling and Simulation

Examples?

Type of models

Black or gray box (data or system modeling)

Linear or nonlinear

Stationary or time-dependent

Lumped or distributed parameters (ODE or PDE)

Deterministic or stochastic

…

LTI Models of Physiological Systems

Example: linearized lung mechanics

System Identification

Gray box

Black box

Physiological CONTROL Systems

Homeostasis!

Milestones

1952

Milestones

1938

1957Huxley

crossbridge model

Hill model

Electric conduction in cells and tissues

Cell encapsulation

Nor

mal

ized

drug

mas

s in

the

cont

aine

rDrug delivery system modeling

Biomechanics

0 100 200 300 4000

0.02

0.04

0.06

0.08

0.1

strain rate

visc

osity

[dy

n*s/

cm2]

PowerCarreauCassonMod. CassonQuaemada

Biomechanics

Biomechanics

Biomechanics

symmetry

contact

clamped

Biomechanics

100 %Stress free

Heart-lung machine

Oxygen diffusion and transport, blood flow dynamics, stress on red blood cell and haemolysis ...

Challenges

Complexity

Multiphysics & Multiscale models

Holistic approach

Growth and remodeling

Patient-Specific models

Noninvasive method for parameter identification

Computational efforts To name but a few!

References

Cobelli C. and Carson E., Introduction to Modeling in Physiology and Medicine, Elsevier/Academic Press, New York, 2007.

Holzapfel G.A., Nonlinear Solid Mechanics: A Continuum Approach for Engineering, Wiley, New York, 2000.

Humphrey J.D., Cardiovascular Solid Mechanics: cells, tissues and organs, Springer-Verlag, 2002.

Keener J. and Sneyd J., Mathematical Physiology – Systems Physiology, Springer.

Khoo M.C.K., Physiological Control Systems, IEEE Press, 2000.

Quarteroni A., Cardiovascular Mathematics, Springer, 2009.

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