Physiological Apparatus
-
Upload
czarina-barcelon-daos -
Category
Documents
-
view
4.015 -
download
6
Transcript of Physiological Apparatus
![Page 1: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
PHYSIOLOGICAL APPARATUS Daos, Czarina
2GPH
![Page 2: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
BATTERY •-source of current •-Binding Posts (- & +) – where connecting wires are attached •Types of Current: 1. Direct/ Galvanic/ Constant 2. Induced/ Faradic/ Pulsating •Types of battery: 1. Dry 2. wet
![Page 3: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
SIMPLE KEY •switch •-Binding Posts (- & +) – where connecting wires are attached •Types : 1. New simple key-uses metal or
fibre glass as its base 2. Old simple key-uses wood as its
base •Parts: 1. Binding posts– where
connecting wires are attached 2. Contact metal- produces the
make or brake current
![Page 4: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
OLD SIMPLE KEY
![Page 5: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
NEW SIMPLE KEY
![Page 6: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
KYMOGRAPH •Apparatus for recording a) Physiological function (muscle
contraction) b) Daily Temperature changes c) Variations in water level •Types : 1. Spring driven kymograph 2. Electrically driven kymograph •Parts: a) Drum b) Shaft c) Plunger d) Base e) Kymograph paper
![Page 7: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
SPRING DRIVEN KYMOGRAPH •Smoke writing •Control: Variable Sized Fan (smaller fan= faster)
•Because there is lesser air resistance to encounter
•Smokey f lame: kerosene/ gum camphor
•Properly smoked are evenly and thinly covered w/ soot
•Fixative used: Shellac
![Page 8: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
ELECTRICALLY DRIVEN KYMOGRAPH •Preferred for long recording time anticipated •Control: Five motor control gear shift •More desirable
•Because it runs continuously and does not Require rewinding
![Page 9: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
KYMOGRAPH PAPER
•The exposed portion of the paper is the glazed portion •Its edges must be overlapping opposite on the direction of its turn
![Page 10: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
INDUCTORIUM •For controlling/ regulating the amt. of current that f lows in the circuit •Types: a) Long Inductorium b) Short/ Square
Inductorium • BOTH possessing 5
binding posts (3 Primary & 2
secondary)
![Page 11: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Pt. of differnce Short Inductorium Long Inductorium
Calibration 1 - 10 1 – 22
Max. flow of
current 10 1
Single stimulus/
shock bp or A & B bp or A & C
Tetanizing series/
multiple/ repetitive
stimuli or shock
bp A & C bp A& B
INDUCTORIUM
![Page 12: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
SHORT/ SQUAREINDUCTORIUM
![Page 13: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
LONG INDUCTORIUM
![Page 14: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
ELECTRIC ST IMULATOR/ ELECTRIC CONVERTER •Alternative source of current •Current can be adjusted (3V- 12V) •Pre-setting to 9 NO ELETRICUTION •Used in place of: 1) Battery 2) Simple key 3) Inductorium NEVER let both ends to touch, it can cause a short circuit
![Page 15: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
SIGNAL MAGNET •Event marker •Records the time in seconds and the type of stimulus applied •Parts a) Electromagnet b) Writing pen c) Binding posts •Types: a) New b) Old
![Page 16: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
OLD SIGNAL MAGNET •Has 2 binding posts at the top
![Page 17: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
NEW SIGANL MAGNET •2 binding posts at its end part
2 Binding Posts
![Page 18: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
MUSCLE LEVER •Records the contraction of the muscle •2nd circuit •Types: a) Old b) New
![Page 19: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
OLD MUSCLE LEVER •After loading screw- controls the direction/ position of the writing pen •Writing pen- is made of hard parchment paper •Binding post is at the side
Writing Pen
After loading screw
![Page 20: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
NEW MUSCLE LEVER •Has 2 binding posts •Has 2 holes: 1) Before the bp – where the
writing pen’s holder is attached
2) After the bp- where a strong thread/ wire is attached to the gastrocrenious muscle
![Page 21: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
MUSCLE CLAMP •Used to hold the muscle in place •Has a bp Muscle contracts
Muscle relaxes
![Page 22: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
TUNING FORK •Records the time duration of muscle contraction •Creates 100 vibration/ second •Writing pen is attached to one of the prongs NOT an ELECTRICAL apparatus
![Page 23: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
PNEUMOGRAPH & TAMBOUR •Records the changes in the size of an object (i.e rib cage/ thoracic cage)
![Page 24: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
PNEUMOGRAPH •Rubber pleated tube & •Chain/ metal chain
Photo by: Catap, Maria
![Page 25: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
TAMBOUR •Bowl – shallow depression inside •Rubber sheet- covers the bowl; made up of Latex (a) •Tight fitting ring- secures the rubber sheet (b)
(a)
(b)
![Page 26: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
RUBBER MALLET/ REFLEX HAMMER •To study experiments on ref lexes •To test the integrity of the spinal cord in the lower back region
Used in the Joints
The (Pointed) end part hidden
Is used for checking sensitivity
![Page 27: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
STETHOSCOPE •Ear piece •Rubber tube connector •Chest pieces: 1) Shallow bell- with the
depression; detecting low frequency sounds
2) Stiff diaphragm- detects the high frequency sounds
EARPIECE
RUBBER
TUBE
Stiff diaphragm Shallow Bell
![Page 28: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
SPHYGMOMANOMETER •Measure the Blood Pressure (110-120/ 80) •Types: 1. Mercurial
sphygmomanometer 2. Aneroid sphygmomanometer 3. Digital sphygmomanometer
![Page 29: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
MERCURIAL SPHYGMOMANOMETER •MOST RELIABLE •Phased out due to the mercury content (very hard to store & dispose) •Mercury chamber /cylinder •Aspirator •Pressure cuff/ rubber cuff (ante cubital fossa)
![Page 30: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
ANEROID SPHYGMOMANOMETER •VERY SENSITIVE •Uses Dial
![Page 31: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
DIGITAL SPHYGMOMANOMETER •Too Expensive •Unreliable
![Page 32: Physiological Apparatus](https://reader036.fdocuments.in/reader036/viewer/2022081717/5534d1f855034626518b4b96/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
SPYROMETER •Records diff. pulmonary vol & capacity •Calibration: up to 6 L( 100mL or 0.1L) •Recording in mL •Drum- placed inverted position in water