physics of automobile and affect of non-intellective competencies on physics

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Mac Edimer P. Macutay

MT22FA1

Question: How non-intellective competency affects physics performance in taking the

subject?

Answer 1:

Studies showed that there is a definite reason why most of the performances of

the students tend to deteriorate in class, especially physics. A few of these includes the

student factor, teacher factor, instructional factor, school factor, and supplementary

provision. Skills in reading and comprehension, affects the performances therefore of

students in taking physics if he/she lacks the interest due to the said factors. The affects

brought by these factors greatly play a role in the general knowledge gained by the

student in the process of learning phyics.

Reference 1: Dela Pena, Mildred D., Factors that affecting students¶ performance in

physics, university of Bohol high school department: corrective measures, NLP Gen.

Book (Thesis 530.076 D374f), page18-29. March 1996

Answer 2:

Non-intellective factors such as sex/gender and the type of school attended

during the course of taking the subject, physics greatly affects as well in the general

performance of the student. The type of secondary school attended is the kind of

institution where the student finished in high school. Students graduated from public

high school perform equally with the students from private high school but other

researcher says that public high school graduates obtained higher marks than private

oriented one. (Ramos) The sex/gender also plays a great role in the study of physics as



well. There is a relative difference in the brain structure of men and women. An area of

the brain called the inferior-parietal lobule (IPL) is typically significantly larger in men,

especially on the left side, than in women. This section of the brain is thought to control

mental mathematical ability, and probably explains why men frequently perform higher

in mathematical tasks than do women. Interestingly, this is the same area of Einstein¶s

brain that was discovered to be abnormally large. The IPL also processes sensory

information, and the larger right side in women allows them to focus on, "specific stimuli,

such as a baby crying in the night."(Amber Hensley,

http://www.mastersofhealthcare.com/blog/2009/10-big-differences-between-mens-and-

womens-brains/) since physics has many mathematical equations, the mathematical

ability of the opposite genders affects their competency in physics.

Reference 1: Difuntorum, Raquel V., An analysis of some factors affecting the academic

performance in physics 2 of Bachelor of Science in biology students of manila central

university, NLP Gen. Book (Thesis 530.76 D568a) page 1-24, 1994

Reference 2: Amber Hensley, http://www.mastersofhealthcare.com/blog/2009/10-big-

differences-between-mens-and-womens-brains/

Answer 3:

Approach used by the teachers as teaching techniques and methods also affects

the performances of student taking physics. Among others, the qualifications of an

instructor also affect the performance of physics in being learned and understood by its

learners. Not only in Physics, students also experience difficulty in arithmetic, algebra,

geometry, and trigonometry because of the following reasons: students do not have



enough textbooks, students cannot understand the teacher¶s explanation, students

cover the lessons too fast, students are not given the opportunity to ask questions,

teachers lack explanation, pupils failed to understand the problem in whole or in part,

pupils were poor in silent reading, pupils lack the necessary experience to reproduce

the situation in the problem, pupils lack of the ability to know the meanings and relations

of some of the different quantities used in functional arithmetic, and lack of ability to

identify the process or operation.(Borja; Caridad, 1992) and so, as stated in above

answer, physics is related to math and lack of interest and sources to learn math is also

a direct same effect in physics.

Reference 1: Borja, Josephine; and Caridad S., Factors affecting problem solving ability

in physics among secondary students at Saint Louis Center, Baguio city, page 1-15,

1992

Answer 4:

Factor that affects the achievement of students might give desirable results that

would significantly develop any science related learning areas. By knowing more

important factors that directly influence learning may help solve any existing problem on

question. Factors affecting science achievement of student particularly in physics was

not yet been given attention. (Blancia, 2003) Another factor to this is the parent factor

whom is the first teacher of the student him/herself. The motivations made by the

parents affects the interest of the offspring to continue learn the subject, physics.

(Estoques; DelaCruz; and Tan-Pichay,2006)



Reference 1: Blancia Ethel C., Factors affecting academic achievement of students in

chemistry and physics of national high school in the Islands of Tablas, Romblon, NLP

Gen. Book (Thesis 540.76 B596f), page 1- 26, March 2003.

Reference 2: Estoque, Ronan S.; Dela Cruz, Rogelio G.; and Tan-Pichay, Marinelle Ivy

P., College Psychology, Mindshapers Co., Inc., pp. 84-106, 2006

Answer 5:

The confidence of the students in taking the subject, physics also affect in the

performance of the students. Students find this subject difficult to deal with. It is proven

that the students perform less if they rarely like the subject. No matter how interesting

Physics is, if the students lack the initiative to learn, necessary competencies would be

difficult to gain; thus, low performing students in Science are produced. Moreover,

effective learning in this subject is also directly affected by students¶ mental ability.

(Bequiron, 1995) Although learning is best defined as a process, which results in

changes in the individual¶s way responding as brought by experience.( Estoques;

DelaCruz; and Tan-Pichay,2006) Therefore, the experiences gained by the student

while taking the subject greatly reflects the performance of physics learned.

Reference 1: Bequiron, Jeneth Consolascsion L., Analysis of the factors affecting the

academic performance of pharmacy students in college physics, NLP Gen. Book

(Thesis 530.76 R299a), page 1-23, October 1995.

Reference 2: Estoque, Ronan S.; Dela Cruz, Rogelio G.; and Tan-Pichay, Marinelle Ivy

P., College Psychology, Mindshapers Co., Inc., pp. 111-112, 2006



Question: Explain the principle of physics in an automotive vehicle.

Answer 1:

SEATBELTS: Is There a Law?

Could there be a law regarding the use of seatbelts in an automobile in case of a

collision as affected by a certain force? In our everyday action there is physics around,

even the very entry of oxygen into the lungs has a principle that governs its possibility.

Same is through with an automobile. But what is an automobile in the first place?

Basically an automobile is any self-propelled vehicle used primarily on public roads but

adaptable to other surfaces. (³Automobile´, David, F., 2008) Today, every moving

automotive vehicle is equipped with one of the simplest yet unnoticed life protection

system, the seatbelt. In an article featured in a book, Science and Technology:

PHYSICS by Padua, Crisostomo and Rabago, entitled ³On Seatbelts: Should There Be

a Law?´ the article cited an accident that involved the collision of a truck carrying 1000

dozen eggs to a ditch. In this situation, the driver of the truck got injured severely with

head injuries, broken ribs, punctured lungs and others. While the eggs on the other

hand, 950 dozen were not broken. This means that more than 95% of the eggs were

undamaged after the incident.

You might ask, ³Why the driver was seriously injured and not all the eggs were

undamaged?´ this was also the question left; and in this article it was also answered

after. From the article the authors answered,´ The soft cartons protected the eggs from

hitting each other. The crates were strapped firmly to the truck so that they would not fly

off. But the farmer was not as ³packaged´ as carefully.´ (Padua; Crisostomo; Rabago,

2001).



From the answer of the authors, we can say that the driver was not protected by

a seatbelt in the event of the collision. ³..Nothing held him to his seat. His body reacted

just like any other object in motion would react...´ (Padua; Crisostomo; Rabago, 2001).

The injuries of the driver were caused by the driver crashing against the steering

wheel and the windshield upon impact. This is due to the continuation of the system as

the acceleration of the truck is transferred to the driver after it was stop suddenly. This

continuation of the stopped system satisfies the first law of motion by Newton, The law

of Inertia. As the truck was travelling at a certain speed and suddenly stopped, the force

forward (Inertia), was transferred to the driver and kept in moving forward even when

the truck has already stopped since the driver himself is not fastened to the truck itself,

unlike the egg crates.

And also, to support the statement above, Bradley, a contributor of edublogs.com

stated in his article, ³...seatbelts use Newton¶s Law of inertia, which is that objects at

rest tend to stay at rest and objects in motion tend to stay in motion, to operate the

locking mechanisms of the belts.´

(http://explorephysics.edublogs.org/2010/12/03/physics-of-an-automobile/)

After this event was continuously happening and the risk was getting higher, a

law was then passed that required all automobiles to be equipped with a seatbelt as a

protective system to preserve the life of the man in the driver¶s seat.

Reference 1: Padua, Alicia L., Crisostomo, Ricardo M. and Rabago, Lilia M., Ph.D.,

Science and Technology: PHYSICS, SD Publications, Inc., pp. 76-77, 2001

Reference 2: Bradley, http://explorephysics.edublogs.org/2010/12/03/physics-of-an-

automobile/



Reference 3: Fetherston, David. "Automobile." Microsoft® Encarta® 2009 [DVD].

Redmond, WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2008.

Answer 2:

BRAKE SYSTEM: The Principles and Laws Behind

Every automobile vehicle is not finish until it is fitted with a brake system to hit the

road. The brake system is one of the most important systems on a vehicle. The brake

system must slow and stop a vehicle in a short distance and it must perform this

function without steering pull or premature wheel lock up. (Haefner;Leathers, 2008) So,

what is the role of physics in the system?

Simple, generally all brake systems or most are governed by some simple

principles, of hydraulics. Hydraulics is the application of fluid mechanics to engineering

devices involving liquids, usually water or oil. (Landis, F., 2008) and its application to an

automobile lies to the fact that liquid in a hydraulics is not compressible and that

pressure in a confined fluid is transmitted equally in all directions and acts with equal

force on equal areas. (Haefner;Leathers, 2008) These principles are then applied to an

automobile using a brake pedal to exert pressure unto the system following the Pascal¶s

law which states that changes in pressure at any point in an enclosed fluid at rest are

transmitted and undiminished to all points in the fluid and acts in all directions.

(Haefner;Leathers, 2008)

Reference 1: Haefner, Ron; and Leathers, Paul, Automotive technology for General

Service Technicians, Thomson Delmar Learning, pp. 314, 2008

Reference 2: Landis, Fred. "Hydraulics." Microsoft® Encarta® 2009 [DVD]. Redmond,

WA: Microsoft Corporation, 2008.

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