Physics Final Review

• In the absence of air resistance, how would the acceleration of a 250g cell phone and the acceleration of a 25g pebble differ if the objects were dropped from the same height?

• a. They would not differ; they would be the same.• b. The rock would accelerate twice as fast as the book.• c. The book would accelerate twice as fast as the rock.• d. The book would accelerate ten times as fast as the

rock.

• When an object is in free fall, the only force acting on it is

• a. inertia.• b. gravity.• c. friction.• d. terminal velocity.

• . What is potential energy?• a. Motion• b. Stored energy• c. Energy yet to be made• d. Energy that has already been used•

• What is kinetic energy?• a. Motion• b. Stored energy• c. Energy yet to be made• d. Energy that has already been used

In photosynthesis, which of the following types of energy is used to make new substances?

• a. sound energy• b. thermal energy• c. light energy• d. nuclear energy

Your body uses the chemical energy in food to make which of the following types of energy?• a. kinetic energy• b. potential energy• c. light energy• d. sound energy

A hair dryer changes electrical energy into which of the following types of energy?• a. light energy• b. thermal energy• c. nuclear energy• d. chemical energy

After an energy conversion, you end up with the same total amount of energy as the original amount of potential energy. Which of the following laws explains this rule?• a. law of energy changes• b. law of power and energy• c. law of conservation of energy• d. law of potential energy

You turn on a lamp and the light bulb becomes warm. Which of the following energy conversions causes this heating • of the light bulb?• a. thermal energy to electrical energy• b. electrical energy to thermal energy• c. light energy to thermal energy• d. electrical energy to light energy

When a pitcher throws a softball to a catcher, while the pitcher is holding the ball it has _____ energy, while the • motion of the ball toward the catcher is _____ energy.• a. stored mechanical, mechanical• b. chemical, mechanical• c. electrical, thermal • d. mechanical, chemical

When you “shock” yourself by touching a door knob, electrons are transferred to the doorknob. What is this type of • energy transfer?• a. chemical• b. electrical• c. gravitational • d. Nuclear

Electrical current will pass most easily through:• a. an insulator.• b. a conductor.• c. a semiconductor.

Which of the following statements best describes the difference between series and parallel circuits?• a. Series circuits are battery circuits and

parallel circuits are generator circuits.• b. Series circuits have a single path and

parallel circuits have two or more paths.• c. Series circuits are used in computers and

parallel circuits are used in homes.

A closed circuit:• a. is off.• b. is on.• c. has a break in it.

Positive electric charges:• a. attract both positive charges and negative

charges.• b. repel positive charges and attract negative

charges.• c. attract positive charges and repel negative

charges.

If two light bulbs are in series and you unscrew one of them, the other light bulb will• a. become brighter.• b. become dimmer.• c. turn off.• d. be short circuited.

Potential difference is measured in• a. amperes.• b. volts.• c. coulombs.• d. joules.

•. The rate at which charges move through a conductor is called• a. voltage.• b. resistance.• c. current.• d. electrical potential energy.

•Which of the following is not a type of electromagnetic wave?• A. sound • B. red light • C. gamma radiation • D. radio waves

•The material that a wave travels through is called the• A. amplitude • B. medium • C. rarefaction • D. compression

•As the frequency of a spring wave is increased, the _____________• A. velocity decreases • B. velocity increases • C. wavelength decreases • D. wavelength increases

•As you produce a wave on a spring, which of the following quantities are you NOT able to change?• A. amplitude • B. frequency • C. velocity • D. wavelength

•All waves except ______ waves must travel through a medium.• A. sound • B. light • C. water • D. compressional

•By counting the number of crests that pass in a given amount of time, a person can calculate the• A. wavelength • B. amplitude • C. velocity • D. frequency

•When the particles of the medium are displaced parallel to the direction of the propagation of the wave, it is called a ___________.• a. Water wave• b. Ultrasonic wave• c. Transverse wave• d. Longitudinal wave

• Which of the following is the definition of amplitudea. The maximum displacement from the rest

position.b. The total distance traveled by the wave in

one full cycle.c. The energy reflected by a fixed medium.d. The lowest frequency that produces a

standing wave.

•What is a transverse wave?• a. The rate with which the amplitude of the wave

pulsates.• b. The disturbance of the particles is in the same

direction as the movement of the wave.• c. A wave of alternating lower and higher

pressure.• d. The particles of the medium that are displaced

perpendicular to the direction of the wave.

•Sound waves are ___________ waves. • A. Transverse • B. ocean • C. salt • D. longitudinal

•Sound waves from a radio generally travel in which medium?• a. air• b. earth• c. light• d. solid

•If a transverse wave is moving from right to left, the individual particles in the medium are moving• a. right to left.• b. left to right.• c. up and down.• d. None of the above

•Waves are often caused by• a. potential energy.• b. mechanical energy.• c. colliding objects.• d. vibrating objects.

•Use the above graph to answer the following two questions.• •51. On the graph two cycles after B is letter• a. F • b. J• c. D • d. G

•52. On the above one-half cycle before D is letter• a. I • b. F• c. K • d. E

•53. Which letter in the graph represents the amplitude?• a. A• b. C• c. B • d. D

•Which letter in the graph represents the wavelength?• a. A • b. C• c. B • d. D

•Which of the following is a frequency humans cannot hear?• a. 40 Hz • b. 19,000 Hz• c. 1,200 Hz • d. 21,000 Hz

•When sound travels through air, the air particles ______.• a. vibrate parallel to the direction of wave

propagation• b. vibrate but not in any fixed direction• c. vibrate perpendicular to the direction of

wave propagation• d. do not vibrate

• The relation between wave velocity 'v', frequency 'f ', and wavelength 'ג' is ______.

• a. v=f/ ג• b. v=f ג• c. v= ג/f• d. v=1/f ג

•Which of the following is not a characteristic of a musical sound?a. Pitchb.Wavelengthc. Qualityd.Loudness

•Sound waves do not travel througha. solidsb.liquidsc. gasesd.vacuum

•The speed of sound in medium depends upona. amplitudeb.frequencyc. wavelengthd.properties of the medium

• Sound waves from a radio generally travel in which medium?•A.air•C.light•B.earth•D.water

• . Our eyes can detect light only within a range of _____ called visible light.

•A.frequencies•C.mediums•B.speeds•D.Periods

• The speed of a sound wave•A.depends on wavelength.•C.depends on amplitude.•B.depends on the medium.•D.None of the above• • 

• Longitudinal waves travel quickly in a _____ because the molecules are closely packed and physically bonded together.

•A.liquid•C.solid•B.gas•D.None of the above

• The differences in color in visible light, such as those in a rainbow, are caused by differences in

•A.amplitude.•C.medium.•B.speed.•D.frequency.

• Light waves•A.require a medium.•C.cannot travel through liquids.•B.cannot travel through solids.•D.are electromagnetic waves.

• Light waves are•A.transverse waves.•C.rotating waves.•B.longitudinal waves.•D.circular waves.

• The color of light is determined by the _____ of the light waves.

•A.medium•C.frequency•B.speed•D.amplitude

• Which type of electromagnetic waves has the highest energy?

•A.gamma rays•C.infrared•B.ultraviolet light•D.microwaves

• Which type of electromagnetic radiation is used to kill cancer cells?

•A.microwaves•c.ultraviolet rays•B.gamma rays•D.sunlight

• The color that an object appears to be depends on the

•A.angle at which visible light is reflected off the object.•B.use of additive rather than subtractive colors.•C.wavelengths of visible light that reaches your eyes.•D.speed with which visible light reaches it.

• When light moves from a material in which its speed is higher to a material in which its speed is lower, it is

•A.bent toward the normal.•C.reflected off the boundary.•B.bent away from the normal.•D.changed into a virtual image.

• Light rays that pass through a lens change direction because

•A.of internal reflection.•B.they are refracted.•C.light is broken up into many different colors.•D.virtual images always appear slightly larger than real images.

• Light demonstrates wave characteristics when it is

•A.reflected.•C.diffracted.•B.refracted.•D.All of the above

• Light demonstrates particle characteristics when it

•A.knocks electrons off a metal surface.•C.forms standing waves.•B.passes through a narrow opening.•D.All of the above

• As the frequency of light waves increases,•A.the energy increases.•C.the energy stays the same.•B.the energy decreases.•D.the wavelength increases.

• Light rays reflecting off a rough surface reflect

•A.diffusely. •C.at all angles.•B.at a single angle.•D.None of the above

• The law of reflection says the angle of incidence is _____ the angle of reflection.

•A.greater than•C.equal to•B.less than •D.None of the above

• When you look in a convex mirror, the image appears

•A.smaller than it really is. •C.larger than it really is.•B.lighter than it really is.•D.darker than it really is.

• Which statement about a diverging lens is correct?•A.It bends light inward and can create either a virtual or a real image.•B.It bends light inward and can only create a real image.•C.It bends light outward and can create either a virtual or a real image.•D.It bends light outward and can only create a virtual image.

• Light is composed of waves and particles called:

•A.electrons•C.photons •B.quarks•D.waves

• The visible spectrum of light from the longest to shortest wavelength is:

•A.violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, red•C.red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet•B.infrared, ultraviolet, gamma, x-rays, microwaves•D. green, orange, red, violet

• A magnifying glass is an example of a:•A.convex lens•C.prism•B.concave lens•D.convex mirror

• Convex lenses converge light rays to a:•A.real image•C.focal point•B.focus•D.virtual image

• An example of a diverging lens that spreads light rays is the:

•A.convex lens•C.converging lens•B.concave lens•D.prism

• A survivor from a shipwreck sees an image of a fish in the water. To catch it with her spear, she must

•A.aim above the image of the fish•C.aim at the image of the fish•B.aim below the image of the fish•D.aim behind the fish

• When the crests of one wave overlap the crests of another wave or wave, this occurs

•A.diffraction•C.constructive interference•B.destructive interference•D.resonant frequencies

• An echo is the result of a •A.reflected sound wave•C.refracted sound wave•B.diffracted sound wave•D.dispersed sound wave

• What happens to a wave when it is refracted?•a.It is bent•c.It is reflected•b.It is diffracted•d.It is radiated

•MatchingA.optics B.imagec. object D.concave• The study of how light behaves.• Where your eyes think something is.• What you are actually looking at.• A lens or mirror that is bigger at the ends.

a. Convergentb. Divergentc. Focusd. Convexe. lens • light rays that spread apart• Light ray that come together• Where all parallel rays come together• A lens or mirror that is bigger in the middle.• An optical device that works by refraction to bend light.

• Know your metric conversions.– Mega– Kilo– Deci– Centi– Milli– Micro