Physics 362 – week 5
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Transcript of Physics 362 – week 5
![Page 1: Physics 362 – week 5](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032708/56812d15550346895d91fbe2/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Physics 362 – week 5
Modern Physics Seminars
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Atmospheric TransmissionAtmospheric Transmission
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Pioneering work
18 June 1962 first extra-solar X-ray experiment by Riccardo Giacconi
Discovery of the first X-ray source (Sco X-1)and first evidence of a diffuse X-ray emission
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X-ray Generation Thermal radiationThermal radiation Synchrotron radiation Blackbody radiation
Kinetic equilibrium of electrons and ions at T
greater than 105 K
Thermal bremsstrahlung+ Emission lines
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X-ray Generation
Fast Electrons accelerated by strong
magnetic fields
Thermal radiation Synchrotron radiationSynchrotron radiation Blackbody radiation
Thermal bremsstrahlung+ Emission lines
Magnetic bremsstrahlung
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X-ray Generation
Thermal bremsstrahlung+ Emission lines
Thermal radiation Synchrotron radiation Blackbody radiationBlackbody radiation
An object at High T emits blackbody
radiation in the X-ray
Blackbody emissionMagnetic bremsstrahlung
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Detectors Imaging Spectral analysis
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Detectors ImagingImaging Spectral analysis
Mechanical collimatorsMechanical collimators
Honeycomb - front viewHoneycomb - front view
X-rays HoneycombDetector
Honeycomb – lateral viewHoneycomb – lateral view
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Detectors ImagingImaging Spectral analysis
Mechanical collimatorsMechanical collimatorsMirrorsMirrors
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Detectors ImagingImaging Spectral analysis
Mechanical collimatorsMechanical collimatorsMirrorsMirrors
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Imaging Spectral analysisSpectral analysis
Proportional countersProportional counters
+ ++
++
+
-
-
--
-
-
++
++
++
-
--
-Anode
Cathode
X-ray window X-ray
Detectors
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Imaging Spectral analysisSpectral analysis
Proportional countersProportional countersDispersing detectorsDispersing detectors
Detectors
• Bragg Crystals (reflection)
• Diffraction gratings
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Imaging Spectral analysisSpectral analysis
Proportional countersProportional countersDispersing detectorsDispersing detectorsMicrocalorimetersMicrocalorimeters
Detectors
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Imaging Spectral analysisSpectral analysis
Proportional countersProportional countersDispersing detectorsDispersing detectorsMicrocalorimetersMicrocalorimeters
Detectors
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Instruments
Sounding rocketsSounding rockets
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Instruments
Sounding rocketsSounding rockets
Sounding rocket trajectory
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Instruments
Sounding rocketsSounding rockets SatellitesSatellites
The XMM-Newton Satellite
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Instruments
Sounding rocketsSounding rockets SatellitesSatellites The Space ShuttleThe Space Shuttle
The DXS experiment
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Instruments
Sounding rocketsSounding rockets SatellitesSatellites The Space ShuttleThe Space Shuttle
The DXS experiment
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Instruments
Sounding rocketsSounding rockets SatellitesSatellites The Space ShuttleThe Space Shuttle The Space StationThe Space Station
The International Space Station
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The XQC sounding rocket
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XQC launch
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The Astro-E satellite
The XRS detector on Astro-EThe XRS detector on Astro-E
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Launched from Japan in February 2000
The Astro-E satellite
The XRS detector on Astro-EThe XRS detector on Astro-E
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X-ray Objects Supernova remnants
Binary Systems
Active galactic nuclei and Black holes
Diffuse X-ray background
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X-ray Objects Supernova remnantsSupernova remnants
Binary Systems
Active galactic nuclei and Black holes
Diffuse X-ray background
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Supernova remnants
X-raysvisible
Cas A
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Cassiopeia A
visible X-rays
infrared radio
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X-ray Objects Supernova remnants
Binary SystemsBinary Systems
Active galactic nuclei and Black holes
Diffuse X-ray background
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X-ray Objects Supernova remnants
Binary Systems
Active galactic nuclei andActive galactic nuclei and Black holes Black holes
Diffuse X-ray background
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X-ray Objects Supernova remnants
Binary Systems
Active galactic nuclei and Black holes
Diffuse X-ray backgroundDiffuse X-ray backgroundInterstellar mediumVery far objectsIntergalactic medium