Physical therapy for fractures
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Transcript of Physical therapy for fractures
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Physical therapy for fractures
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Fracture• Fractures or loss of continuity in the substance of
a bone are a common occurrence and represent considerable treatment time and financial costs in the accident and emergency room
• It is interruption of anatomical cortical continuity of the bone cortex . Or loss of continuity of bone cortex.
• it is the breakdown of the bone into two or more pieces .
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The fractures are classified into:
• Simple and compound fractures.• Stable and unstable fracture.• Displaced and undisplaced.• Complete or incomplete fractures.• According to the shape of fracture line (transverse,
oblique, spiral, comminuted and butterfly ) .• Pathological, stress, traumatic fractures
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Common Types of Fractures
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Diagnosis of fractures
• History• Clinical picture (pain, deformity, creaptus, swelling,
loss of function, loss of motion…..)• Examinations and special signs and tests• Investigations
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Assessment of the cases
• Assess the affected area (expose and hind area)• Assess the total region• Assess the related areas• Assess the whole limb• Assess the total body
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The complication of fracturesGeneral complications
1- hemorrhage2- infections3- shock4- fat embolism5- crush syndrome6- bed ridden complications
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Local complications
• Bone healing complication• Nearby joints• Vessels • Nerves• Muscles • Ligament and tendons
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Managements of fracturesThere are three stages in the management of fractures:
• Reduction: manipulation of the bone to its correct anatomical position
• Immobilization: a means of holding the bone in the correct reduced position
• Rehabilitation: returning the person to as full function as possible after the trauma or disease
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Physical therapy program during immobilization period
1. To prevent respiratory complications → - breathing exercises. - postural drainage - teach patient the correct way of cough and huff2. To prevent circulatory complications →
- circulatory exercises - elevation if available - gentle massage if available 3. To prevent stiffness, weakness & atrophy of the free parts →
ROM exercises- strengthening exercises
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4. To delay and prevent weakness of immobilized parts → static & isometric exercises
5- to prevent bed source . - changing position every 2 hours - alternating air mattress - alternating water mattress - alternating pressure mattress6- balance ex and co-ordination ex7- proprioceptive ex8- postural correction ex 9- positioning in bed
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10- treatment of complication if presents 11-treatment of other physical disorders if
presents 12- preparing for ambulation by strengthen the
crutch muscle, and explain the gait with assistive devices
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Physical therapy program after immobilization• Problem solving approach• Strengthening ex for weak ms• Stretching ex for tight structures• Mobilizing ex for limited ROM in certain joint • Balance ex and co-ordination ex• Proprioceptive ex• Gait training with and without assistive devices• Orthoses and prostheses• Functional rehab.
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CKC EXERCISES (NWB, PWB & FWB) e.g. - mini-squats- leg press- step-ups- proprioception training- stationary bicycle
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Psychological rehab. And occupational therapy
may be need
N.B
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Also The rehabilitation is a complicated
process depend on all the team work members
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