Physical Science Physical Science Pre-TestPre-Test

Chapter 16 & 17Chapter 16 & 17

_______ is the most common state of

matter.

plasmaplasma

_______ has definite shape and definite

volume.

solidsolid

_______ has no definite shape, but

has definite volume.

liquidliquid

_______ has no definite shape or definite volume.

gasgas

The kinetic theory of matter states

_________________.

All particles of All particles of matter are movingmatter are moving

_______ means “having no form.

amorphousamorphous

_______ have vibrating particles

that don’t have enough energy to

move out of position.

solidssolids

_______ solids have particles arranged in repeating geometric

patterns.

crystallinecrystalline

_______ have enough energy to move over each

other, but not enough energy to separate from

each other.

liquidliquid

_______ have particles with enough

energy to separate from each other and move about freely.

gasgas

_______ is a gas-like mixture of positively

and negatively charged particles.

plasmaplasma

_______ _______ explains why matter

expands when heated and contracts when

cooled.

Thermal expansionThermal expansion

Why is it easier to remove a tight jar lid by running hot water over it than by prying it off with a knife?

The hot jar lid has The hot jar lid has caused the metal to caused the metal to

expand so it is not as expand so it is not as tight on the glass jartight on the glass jar

______ ______ ______ is the amount of

energy needed to change a material from solid to liquid

state.Heat of fusionHeat of fusion

______ ______ ______ is the amount of energy needed to change a

material from liquid to the gas state.

Heat of vaporizationHeat of vaporization

_______ and _______ are the two things that can occur when heat is added to a substance.

Temperature increaseTemperature increasePhase changePhase change

_______ is the amount of force per unit of area.

Be able to state the equation for pressure.

PressurePressure

P = F/AP = F/A

_______ is the SI unit of pressure.

PascalPascal

In dealing with Boyle’s Law, ______

is held constant.

temperaturetemperature

In dealing with Charles’ Law, _______

is held constant.

pressurepressure

With Boyle’s Law, as volume increases pressure _______.

decreasesdecreases

With Charles’ Law, as volume increases

temperature _______.

increasesincreases

_______ is the ability of a fluid to exert an upward force on an

object immersed in it.

buoyancybuoyancy

_______ principle states that buoyant force on an object is equal to weight of the fluid displaced by

object.

ArchimedesArchimedes

_______ principle states that pressure applied to

a fluid is transmitted unchanged throughout

the fluid.

PascalPascal

_______ principle states that as the velocity of a

fluid increases, the pressure exerted by the

fluid decreases.

BernoulliBernoulli

Be able to give an example for each of Archimedes’, Bernoulli’s, and Pascal’s

principle.

A – floatingA – floatingB – flyingB – flying

P - hydraulicsP - hydraulics

A _______ _______ has different materials

which can easily be distinguished.

Heterogeneous Heterogeneous mixturemixture

A _______ _______ has two or more

substances uniformly spread out within it.

Homogeneous Homogeneous mixturemixture

A _______ is another name for a

homogeneous mixture.

solutionsolution

_______ has one kind of atom.

elementelement

_______ has two or more kinds of atoms.

compoundcompound

_______ mixture is evenly mixed.

homogeneoushomogeneous

_______ mixture is unevenly mixed.

heterogeneousheterogeneous

A _______ is a heterogeneous

mixture that never settles.

colloidcolloid

The scattering of light by particles in a

mixture is called the _______ _______.

Tyndall effectTyndall effect

A _______ is a heterogeneous

mixture containing a liquid in which visible

particles settle.

suspensionsuspension

_______ _______ is a characteristic you can

observe without changing the

substances that make it.

Physical propertyPhysical property

A _______ _______ is a change in size, shape, or state of

matter.

Physical changePhysical change

A _______ _______ is a change of one substance in a

material to a different substance.

Chemical propertyChemical property

A _______ ______ is a characteristic of a

substance that indicates whether it can undergo

a chemical change.

Chemical changeChemical change

State the law of conservation of mass.

Matter can neither be Matter can neither be created or destroyed created or destroyed it just changes formsit just changes forms

_______ states that matter can neither be

created nor destroyed, it just

changes form.Law of conservation Law of conservation

of massof mass

Can a solution scatter light? Colloid? Suspension?

NoNoYesYesYesYes

Will a solution settle upon standing?

Colloid? Suspension?

NoNoNoNoYesYes

Can a solution be separated using filter

paper? Colloid? Suspension?

NoNoNoNoYesYes